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{{short description|Prime Minister of Pakistan from 2018 to 2022 and former cricketer}} | {{short description|Prime Minister of Pakistan from 2018 to 2022 and former cricketer}} | ||
{{About | |||
{{About other people|the politician and former cricketer}} | |||
{{Use Pakistani English|date=November 2015}} | {{Use Pakistani English|date=November 2015}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}} | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
| honorific_suffix = [[Hilal-e-Imtiaz|HI]] [[Pride of Performance|PP]] | | honorific_suffix = [[Hilal-e-Imtiaz|HI]] [[Pride of Performance|PP]] | ||
| image = Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi - UNGA (48784380531) (cropped).jpg | | image = Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi - UNGA (48784380531) (cropped).jpg | ||
| image_size = | | image_size = | ||
| caption = Khan in 2019 | | caption = Khan in 2019 | ||
| order = 22nd | | order = 22nd | ||
| office = Prime Minister of Pakistan | | office = Prime Minister of Pakistan | ||
| Line 45: | Line 47: | ||
| term_start5 = 7 December 2005 | | term_start5 = 7 December 2005 | ||
| term_end5 = 7 December 2014 | | term_end5 = 7 December 2014 | ||
| predecessor5 = [[Betty Lockwood, Baroness Lockwood| | | predecessor5 = [[Betty Lockwood, Baroness Lockwood|Betty Lockwood]] | ||
| successor5 = [[Kate Swann]] | | successor5 = [[Kate Swann]] | ||
| birth_name = Imran | | birth_name = Imran Ahmad Khan Niazi | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1952| | | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1952|10|5}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Lahore]], [[Dominion of Pakistan]] | | birth_place = [[Lahore]], [[Dominion of Pakistan|Pakistan]] | ||
| death_date = | | death_date = | ||
| death_place = | | death_place = | ||
| death_cause = | | death_cause = | ||
| residence = [[Bani Gala]] | | residence = [[Bani Gala]], [[Islamabad]]<br>[[Zaman Park]], [[Lahore]] | ||
| father = [[Ikramullah Khan Niazi]] | | father = [[Ikramullah Khan Niazi]] | ||
| mother = [[Shaukat Khanum]] | | mother = [[Shaukat Khanum]] | ||
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| awards = ''[[List of awards and honours received by Imran Khan|See list]]'' | | awards = ''[[List of awards and honours received by Imran Khan|See list]]'' | ||
| signature = Imran Khan signature.svg | | signature = Imran Khan signature.svg | ||
| nickname = Kaptaan | | nickname = Kaptaan (Captain) | ||
| module = {{Infobox cricketer | | module = {{Infobox cricketer | ||
|embed = yes | |embed = yes | ||
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{{Imran Khan sidebar}} | {{Imran Khan sidebar}} | ||
'''Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi''' {{ | '''Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi'''{{efn|{{langx|ur|{{nq|عمران احمد خان نیازی }}}}, {{IPA-ur|ɪmɾaːn ɛɦməd xaːn nɪjaːziː|pron}}}} (born 5 October 1952) is a Pakistani politician and former cricketer who served as the 22nd [[prime minister of Pakistan]] from August 2018 until April 2022. He is the founder and former chairman of the political party [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] (PTI) from 1996 to 2023. He was the [[Captain (cricket)|captain]] of the [[Pakistan national cricket team]] throughout the 1980s and early 1990s. | ||
Born to a [[Niazi]] [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] family in [[Lahore]], Khan graduated from [[Keble College, Oxford | Born to a [[Niazi]] [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] family in [[Lahore]], Khan graduated from [[Keble College, Oxford]]. He began his [[international cricket]] career in a [[Pakistani cricket team in England in 1971|1971 Test series]] against [[England cricket team|England]]. Khan played until 1992, served as the team's [[captain (cricket)|captain]] intermittently between 1982 and 1992, and won the [[1992 Cricket World Cup]], Pakistan's only victory in the competition. Considered one of cricket's greatest [[all-rounder]]s, Khan was later inducted into the [[ICC Cricket Hall of Fame]]. Founding the [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] (PTI) in 1996, Khan won a seat in the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]] in the [[2002 Pakistani general election|2002 general election]], serving as an opposition member from [[Mianwali]] until 2007. PTI boycotted the [[2008 Pakistani general election|2008 general election]] and became the second-largest party by popular vote in the [[2013 Pakistani general election|2013 general election]]. In the [[2018 Pakistani general election|2018 general election]], running on a [[Populism|populist]] platform, PTI became the largest party in the National Assembly, and formed a coalition government with independents with Khan as prime minister. | ||
As prime minister, Khan addressed a [[balance of payments]] crisis with bailouts from the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]]. He presided over a shrinking current account deficit, and limited defence spending to curtail the fiscal deficit, leading to some general economic growth. He enacted policies that increased tax collection and investment. His government committed to a [[renewable energy]] transition, launched the [[Ehsaas Programme]] and the [[Plant for Pakistan]] initiative, and expanded the [[protected areas of Pakistan]]. He presided over the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan|COVID-19 pandemic]], which caused economic turmoil and rising inflation in the country, threatening his political position. Nonetheless, ''[[The Economist]]'' ranked Pakistan among the countries that performed well in handling the pandemic. [[Pakistan]] achieved the third position in this ranking, preceded by [[Hong Kong]] in first place and [[New Zealand]] in second place. Despite encountering various challenges, the [[World Bank]] reports that the government under Khan's leadership achieved a noteworthy 6.5% GDP growth rate in 2021. This growth rate stands as the highest since 2005 when the [[Musharraf]] military government achieved the same rate. | |||
Amid [[2022 Pakistani constitutional crisis|a constitutional crisis]], Khan became the first prime minister to be removed from office through [[No-confidence motion against Imran Khan|a no-confidence motion]] in April 2022. In August, he was charged under anti-terror laws after accusing the police and judiciary of detaining and torturing an aide. In October, Khan was disqualified by the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]] from taking office for the current term of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]], regarding the [[Toshakhana reference case]]. In November, he survived [[attempted assassination of Imran Khan|an assassination attempt]] during a political rally in [[Wazirabad]], Punjab. | |||
On 9 May 2023, Khan was [[Arrest of Imran Khan|arrested]] on [[Al-Qadir Trust case|corruption charges]] at the [[Islamabad High Court]] by paramilitary troops who smashed their way into the courthouse. Protests broke out throughout [[Pakistan]] resulting in the arrest of several thousands of Khan's supporters along with military installations being ransacked. After his release, he blamed the [[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Army Staff]] [[Asim Munir (general)|Asim Munir]] for his arrest. The army responded by terming 9 May as "Black Day", with Minister of [[Ministry of Planning Development & Special Initiatives|MoPD]] [[Ahsan Iqbal]] terming it as Pakistan's [[9/11]]. He was sentenced to a three-year jail term on 5 August 2023 and was subsequently arrested for the second time.<ref name="Walsh 2023"/> | |||
<!--Do NOT add citations to the lead, except for material likely to be challenged, per [[MOS:LEADCITE]] ([[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section#Citations)]]. Move unneeded citations to the body.--> | |||
== Early life and family == | == Early life and family == | ||
{{Further|Family of Imran Khan}} | {{Further|Family of Imran Khan}} | ||
Khan was born in [[Lahore]] on | Khan was born in [[Lahore]] on 5 October 1952.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1136414|title=#HappyBirthdayIK: PTI Chairman Imran Khan turns 62|date=5 October 2014|work=Dawn (newspaper)|access-date=5 June 2023}}</ref> Earlier, some reports suggest he was born on 25 November 1952.<ref>{{cite news |title=Newsmaker: Imran Khan |url=http://www.thenational.ae/arts-life/newsmaker-imran-khan |access-date=22 October 2016 |publisher=The National |date=12 November 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022221521/http://www.thenational.ae/arts-life/newsmaker-imran-khan |archive-date=22 October 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=What song was No. 1 the day you were born?|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/845611/what-song-was-1-the-day-you-were-born/ |access-date=22 October 2016 |work=The Express Tribune |date=28 February 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022222233/http://tribune.com.pk/story/845611/what-song-was-1-the-day-you-were-born/ |archive-date=22 October 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Twitter alert: Happy Birthday Imran Khan – The Express Tribune |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/471019/twitter-alert-happy-birthday-imran-khan/ |access-date=22 October 2016 |work=The Express Tribune |date=25 November 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023050757/http://tribune.com.pk/story/471019/twitter-alert-happy-birthday-imran-khan/ |archive-date=23 October 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Imran Khan |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/687806/imran-khan |access-date=22 October 2016 |work=dawn.com |publisher=Dawn |date=13 January 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923051103/http://www.dawn.com/news/687806/imran-khan |archive-date=23 September 2016 }}</ref> It was reported that 5 October was wrongly mentioned by [[Pakistan Cricket Board]] officials on his passport.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bolnews.com/2022/10/05/politics/imran-khan-celebrates-his-70th-birthday/index.html|title=Imran Khan celebrates his 70th birthday|date=5 October 2022|work=[[Bol News]]|access-date=5 June 2023}}</ref> He is the only son of Ikramullah Khan Niazi, a civil engineer, and his wife Shaukat Khanum, and has four sisters.<ref name="Warrior Race">{{cite book |last=Khan |first=Imran |year=1993 |title=Warrior Race |publisher=Butler & Tanner Ltd. |location=London |isbn=978-0-7011-3890-5}}</ref> [[Pathans of Punjab|Long settled]] in [[Mianwali]] in northwestern [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], his paternal family are of [[Pashtun people|Pashtun]] ethnicity and belong to the [[Niazi]] tribe,<ref name="2006 profile" /><ref>Encyclopaedia Asiatica, Comprising Indian Subcontinent, Eastern and Southern Asia: H. Jangtang By Edward Balfour Published by Cosmo Publications, 1976 Item notes: v. 4 Original from the University of Michigan Page 188</ref> and one of his ancestors, [[Haibat Khan Niazi]], in the 16th century, "was one of [[Sher Shah Suri]]'s leading generals, as well as being the governor of Punjab."<ref>Catriona Luke (3 August 2018), [http://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/the-enigma-inside-a-paradox-wrapped-in-a-conundrum/ "The enigma inside a paradox wrapped in a conundrum"], ''[[The Friday Times]]''. Retrieved 3 August 2018.</ref> Like his father, Khan's mother was an ethnic Pashtun, who belonged to the Burki tribe and whose ancestors had been settled in the [[Jalandhar]] district of [[Punjab]] for centuries. Following the creation of [[Pakistan]], she migrated to [[Lahore]] with the rest of Khan's maternal relatives.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JnVs_JmciTYC&q=Jalandhar+|title=Pakistan: A Personal History|isbn=978-0-85750-064-9|last1=Khan|first1=Imran|year=2012|publisher=Bantam Books }}</ref> Khan's maternal family has produced a number of cricketers, including those who have represented Pakistan,<ref name="Warrior Race" /> such as his cousins [[Javed Burki]] and [[Majid Khan (cricketer, born 1946)|Majid Khan]].<ref name="2006 profile">{{cite news |last=Adams |first=Tim |title=The path of Khan |work=Guardian |location=UK |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2006/jul/02/cricket.features3 |date=2 July 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830065830/http://www.theguardian.com/sport/2006/jul/02/cricket.features3 |archive-date=30 August 2013 }}</ref> Maternally, Khan is also a descendant of the [[Sufi]] warrior-poet and inventor of the [[Pashto alphabet]], [[Pir Roshan]], who hailed from his maternal family's ancestral [[Kaniguram]] town located in [[South Waziristan]] in the tribal areas of northwest Pakistan.<ref>[http://tribune.com.pk/story/433550/will-imran-khan-go-to-kaniguram/ Will Imran Khan go to Kaniguram?] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926213731/http://tribune.com.pk/story/433550/will-imran-khan-go-to-kaniguram/ |date=26 September 2013}} [[The Express Tribune]]. 8 September 2012.</ref> His maternal family was based in Basti Danishmanda, [[Jalandhar]], [[India]] for about 600 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Imran Khan's Jalandhar connect |website=The Tribune Chandigarh |date=27 July 2018 |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/imran-khan-s-jalandhar-connect/627212.html |access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thequint.com/videos/news-videos/imran-khans-tryst-with-the-city-of-jalandhar |title=Imran Khan's Connection With the City of Jalandhar |work=The Quint |access-date=30 July 2018 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
A quiet and shy boy in his youth, Khan grew up with his sisters in relatively affluent, upper middle-class circumstances<ref name="NS profile">{{cite news |last=Ali |first=Syed Hamad |title=Pakistan's Dreamer |work=New Statesman |location=UK |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/asia/2008/07/imran-khan-pakistan-university |date=23 July 2008 |access-date=5 August 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802211310/http://www.newstatesman.com/asia/2008/07/imran-khan-pakistan-university |archive-date=2 August 2008 }}</ref> and received a privileged education. He was educated at the [[Aitchison College]] and Cathedral School in Lahore,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1423231|title=Imran Khan ─ from flamboyant cricketer to prime minister|work=Dawn|date=18 August 2018|access-date=1 September 2018}}</ref><ref name="Sandford2009">{{cite book|author=Christopher Sandford|title=Imran Khan: The Cricketer, The Celebrity, The Politician|url={{Google books|5ptqDuf48RMC|page=PT68|plainurl=yes}}|date=6 August 2009|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|isbn=978-0-00-734104-7|pages=68–|quote=Imran had, meanwhile, left Aitchison College, whose vaunted enthusiasm for sports seems not to have extended to sharing one of their own with a professional cricket team. He spent his sixth-form year at the nearby Cathedral School.}}</ref> and then the [[Royal Grammar School Worcester]] in England, where he excelled at [[cricket]]. In 1972, he enrolled in [[Keble College, Oxford]] where he studied [[Philosophy, Politics and Economics]], graduating in 1975.<ref name="oxford interview">{{cite news |title=The Interview: Anything he Khan't do? |work=The Oxford Student |url=http://www.oxfordstudent.com/tt1999wk5/News/the_interview%3A_anything_he_khan%27t_do%3F |year=1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929104812/http://www.oxfordstudent.com/tt1999wk5/News/the_interview%3A_anything_he_khan%27t_do%3F |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=30 October 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An enthusiast for college cricket at Keble, [[Paul Hayes (historian)|Paul Hayes]], was instrumental in securing the admission of Khan, after he had been turned down by Cambridge.<ref>Ivo Tennant, "Excellence exhausted", espncricinfo.com, 4 September 2008</ref> | A quiet and shy boy in his youth, Khan grew up with his sisters in relatively affluent, upper middle-class circumstances<ref name="NS profile">{{cite news |last=Ali |first=Syed Hamad |title=Pakistan's Dreamer |work=New Statesman |location=UK |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/asia/2008/07/imran-khan-pakistan-university |date=23 July 2008 |access-date=5 August 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802211310/http://www.newstatesman.com/asia/2008/07/imran-khan-pakistan-university |archive-date=2 August 2008 }}</ref> and received a privileged education. He was educated at the [[Aitchison College]] and Cathedral School in Lahore,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1423231|title=Imran Khan ─ from flamboyant cricketer to prime minister|work=Dawn|date=18 August 2018|access-date=1 September 2018}}</ref><ref name="Sandford2009">{{cite book|author=Christopher Sandford|title=Imran Khan: The Cricketer, The Celebrity, The Politician|url={{Google books|5ptqDuf48RMC|page=PT68|plainurl=yes}}|date=6 August 2009|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|isbn=978-0-00-734104-7|pages=68–|quote=Imran had, meanwhile, left Aitchison College, whose vaunted enthusiasm for sports seems not to have extended to sharing one of their own with a professional cricket team. He spent his sixth-form year at the nearby Cathedral School.}}</ref> and then the [[Royal Grammar School Worcester]] in England, where he excelled at [[cricket]]. In 1972, he enrolled in [[Keble College, Oxford]] where he studied [[Philosophy, Politics and Economics]], graduating in 1975.<ref name="oxford interview">{{cite news |title=The Interview: Anything he Khan't do? |work=The Oxford Student |url=http://www.oxfordstudent.com/tt1999wk5/News/the_interview%3A_anything_he_khan%27t_do%3F |year=1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929104812/http://www.oxfordstudent.com/tt1999wk5/News/the_interview%3A_anything_he_khan%27t_do%3F |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=30 October 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An enthusiast for college cricket at Keble, [[Paul Hayes (historian)|Paul Hayes]], was instrumental in securing the admission of Khan, after he had been turned down by Cambridge.<ref>Ivo Tennant, "Excellence exhausted", espncricinfo.com, 4 September 2008</ref> | ||
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=== Captaincy === | === Captaincy === | ||
At the height of his career, in 1982, the thirty-year-old Khan took over the captaincy of the Pakistan cricket team from [[Javed Miandad]].<ref name="foreign correspondent feature">{{cite web |title=Pakistan – Imran Khan |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |url=http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2006/s1647595.htm |date=23 May 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205235556/http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2006/s1647595.htm |archive-date=5 December 2007 }}</ref> As a captain, Khan played 48 Test matches, of which 14 were won by Pakistan, 8 lost and the remaining 26 were drawn. He also played 139 ODIs, winning 77, losing 57 and ending one in a tie.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> | At the height of his career, in 1982,<ref name="Pakistan Test Captaincy record">[http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;groupby=captains;orderby=won;team=7;template=results;type=team Pakistan Test Captaincy record] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301141623/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1%3Bfilter%3Dadvanced%3Bgroupby%3Dcaptains%3Borderby%3Dwon%3Bteam%3D7%3Btemplate%3Dresults%3Btype%3Dteam|date=1 March 2017}}. ''[[Cricinfo]]''. Retrieved 18 December 2012.</ref> the thirty-year-old Khan took over the captaincy of the Pakistan cricket team from [[Javed Miandad]].<ref name="foreign correspondent feature">{{cite web |title=Pakistan – Imran Khan |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |url=http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2006/s1647595.htm |date=23 May 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205235556/http://www.abc.net.au/foreign/content/2006/s1647595.htm |archive-date=5 December 2007 }}</ref> As a captain, Khan played 48 Test matches, of which 14 were won by Pakistan, 8 lost and the remaining 26 were drawn. He also played 139 ODIs, winning 77, losing 57 and ending one in a tie.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> | ||
In the team's second match, Khan led them to their first Test win on English soil for 28 years at [[Lord's]].<ref name="English Test win">{{cite news |title=Imran: Wrong time to tour |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/low/in_depth/2001/england_v_pakistan/1295868.stm |date=1 May 2001 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113015647/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/low/in_depth/2001/england_v_pakistan/1295868.stm |archive-date=13 January 2009 }}</ref> Khan's first year as captain was the peak of his legacy as a fast bowler as well as an all-rounder. He recorded the best Test bowling of his career while taking 8 wickets for 58 runs against Sri Lanka at Lahore in 1981–1982.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> He also topped both the bowling and batting averages against England in three-Test series in 1982, taking 21 wickets and averaging 56 with the bat. Later the same year, he put up a highly acknowledged performance in a home series against the formidable Indian team by taking 40 wickets in six Tests at an average of 13.95. By the end of this series in 1982–1983, Khan had taken 88 wickets in 13 Test matches over a period of one year as captain.<ref name="cricket archive" /> This same Test series against India, however, also resulted in a stress fracture in his shin that kept him out of cricket for more than two years. An experimental treatment funded by the Pakistani government helped him recover by the end of 1984 and he made a successful comeback to international cricket in the latter part of the 1984–1985 season.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> | In the team's second match, Khan led them to their first Test win on English soil for 28 years at [[Lord's]].<ref name="English Test win">{{cite news |title=Imran: Wrong time to tour |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/low/in_depth/2001/england_v_pakistan/1295868.stm |date=1 May 2001 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113015647/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/low/in_depth/2001/england_v_pakistan/1295868.stm |archive-date=13 January 2009 }}</ref> Khan's first year as captain was the peak of his legacy as a fast bowler as well as an all-rounder. He recorded the best Test bowling of his career while taking 8 wickets for 58 runs against Sri Lanka at Lahore in 1981–1982.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> He also topped both the bowling and batting averages against England in three-Test series in 1982, taking 21 wickets and averaging 56 with the bat. Later the same year, he put up a highly acknowledged performance in a home series against the formidable Indian team by taking 40 wickets in six Tests at an average of 13.95. By the end of this series in 1982–1983, Khan had taken 88 wickets in 13 Test matches over a period of one year as captain.<ref name="cricket archive" /> This same Test series against India, however, also resulted in a stress fracture in his shin that kept him out of cricket for more than two years. An experimental treatment funded by the Pakistani government helped him recover by the end of 1984 and he made a successful comeback to international cricket in the latter part of the 1984–1985 season.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> | ||
In 1987 in India, Khan led Pakistan in its first-ever Test series win and this was followed by Pakistan's first series victory in England during the same year.<ref name="English Test win" /> During the 1980s, his team also recorded three creditable draws against the West Indies. India and Pakistan co-hosted the [[1987 Cricket World Cup]], but neither ventured beyond the semi-finals. Khan retired from international cricket at the end of the World Cup. In 1988, he was asked to return to the captaincy by the [[President of Pakistan]], General [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-Ul-Haq]], and on 18 January, he announced his decision to rejoin the team.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> Soon after returning to the captaincy, Khan led Pakistan to another winning tour in the West Indies, which he has recounted as "the last time I really bowled well".<ref name="2006 profile" /> He was declared Man of the Series against West Indies in 1988 when he took 23 wickets in 3 Tests.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> Khan's career-high as a captain and cricketer came when he led Pakistan to victory in the [[1992 Cricket World Cup]]. Playing with a brittle batting line-up, Khan promoted himself as a batsman to play in the top order along with Javed Miandad, but his contribution as a bowler was minimal. At the age of 39, Khan took the winning last wicket himself.<ref name="cricket archive" /> | In 1987 in India, Khan led Pakistan in its first-ever Test series win and this was followed by Pakistan's first series victory in England during the same year.<ref name="English Test win" /> During the 1980s, his team also recorded three creditable draws against the West Indies. India and Pakistan co-hosted the [[1987 Cricket World Cup]], but neither ventured beyond the semi-finals. Khan retired from international cricket at the end of the World Cup. In 1988, he was asked to return to the captaincy by the [[President of Pakistan]], General [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-Ul-Haq]], and on 18 January, he announced his decision to rejoin the team.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> Soon after returning to the captaincy, Khan led Pakistan to another winning tour in the West Indies, which he has recounted as "the last time I really bowled well".<ref name="2006 profile" /> He was declared Man of the Series against West Indies in 1988 when he took 23 wickets in 3 Tests.<ref name="Overseas Pakistanis record" /> Khan's career-high as a captain and cricketer came when he led Pakistan to victory in the [[1992 Cricket World Cup]]. Playing with a brittle batting line-up, Khan promoted himself as a batsman to play in the top order along with Javed Miandad, but his contribution as a bowler was minimal. At the age of 39, Khan took the winning last wicket himself.<ref name="cricket archive" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Cricket: The Top 10 All-Rounders of All Time |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1017237-the-top-10-all-rounders-of-all-time#:~:text=A%20true%20champion%20and%20undoubtedly,at%20an%20average%20of%2022.81. |website=[[Bleacher Report]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Imran Khan is One of the Greatest Captains the Game Has Seen- Ravi Shastri |date=4 September 2021 |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/imran-khan-one-greatest-captains-100749306.html}}</ref> | ||
== Post-retirement == | == Post-retirement from cricket == | ||
[[File:Imran in peshawar.jpg|thumb|Khan at a political rally in [[Peshawar]] in 1996]] | [[File:Imran in peshawar.jpg|thumb|Khan at a political rally in [[Peshawar]] in 1996]] | ||
After retiring, Khan remarked that there was [[ball tampering]] during his early cricketing days when playing domestic cricket. | After retiring, Khan remarked that there was [[ball tampering]] during his early cricketing days when playing domestic cricket. | ||
Khan had said that, during matches, he "occasionally scratched the side of the ball and lifted the seam." However, Khan defended his actions in the same interview, arguing his conduct was commonplace at the time, even that spin bowlers would lift the seam (i.e. mildly ball tamper) | Khan had said that, during matches, he "occasionally scratched the side of the ball and lifted the seam." However, Khan defended his actions in the same interview, arguing his conduct was commonplace at the time, even that spin bowlers would lift the seam (i.e. mildly ball tamper); further Khan argued that as he did not lift the seam of the ball above the normal level he was not violating the rules and spirit of the game within the rules defined whilst he was a player. Further, Khan argued that umpires in his 21 years of cricket had not complained about his conduct; Khan remarked that "The sole judge of fair and unfair play on the cricket field is the umpire".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/field/873457/watch-former-pakistan-skipper-imran-khan-speaking-on-ball-tampering-on-a-tv-show-in-1994|title=Watch: Former Pakistan skipper Imran Khan speaking on ball-tampering on a TV show in 1994|website=Scroll.in|date=27 March 2018 |language=en-US|access-date=13 February 2019}}</ref> | ||
He had also added, "Only once did I use an object. When Sussex was playing Hampshire in 1981 the ball was not deviating at all. I got the 12th man to bring out a bottle top and it started to move around a lot."<ref name="ball tampering">{{cite news |title=Cricket's sharp practice |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/1665008.stm |date=21 May 2003 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113032043/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/1665008.stm |archive-date=13 January 2009 }}</ref> In 1996, Khan successfully defended himself in a [[libel]] action brought forth by former English captain and all-rounder [[Ian Botham]] and batsman [[Allan Lamb]] over comments they alleged were made by Khan in two articles about the above-mentioned [[ball-tampering]] and another article published in an Indian magazine, ''[[India Today]]''. They claimed that, in the latter publication, Khan had called the two cricketers "racist, ill-educated and lacking in class." Khan protested that he had been misquoted, saying that he was defending himself after having admitted that he tampered with a ball in a county match 18 years ago.<ref name="legal case">{{cite news |title=Botham, Lamb end legal battle |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/348740.stm |date=20 May 1999 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112101609/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/348740.stm |archive-date=12 January 2009 }}</ref> Khan won the libel case, which the judge labelled a "complete exercise in futility", with a 10–2 majority decision by the jury.<ref name="legal case" /> Also, Khan had served as a domestic league coach.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/pakistan/content/story/131596.html|title=Imran returns to coaching to boost Pakistan|website=Cricinfo}}</ref> | He had also added, "Only once did I use an object. When Sussex was playing Hampshire in 1981 the ball was not deviating at all. I got the 12th man to bring out a bottle top and it started to move around a lot."<ref name="ball tampering">{{cite news |title=Cricket's sharp practice |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/1665008.stm |date=21 May 2003 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113032043/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/1665008.stm |archive-date=13 January 2009 }}</ref> In 1996, Khan successfully defended himself in a [[libel]] action brought forth by former English captain and all-rounder [[Ian Botham]] and batsman [[Allan Lamb]] over comments they alleged were made by Khan in two articles about the above-mentioned [[ball-tampering]] and another article published in an Indian magazine, ''[[India Today]]''. They claimed that, in the latter publication, Khan had called the two cricketers "racist, ill-educated and lacking in class." Khan protested that he had been misquoted, saying that he was defending himself after having admitted that he tampered with a ball in a county match 18 years ago.<ref name="legal case">{{cite news |title=Botham, Lamb end legal battle |publisher=BBC |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/348740.stm |date=20 May 1999 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112101609/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/348740.stm |archive-date=12 January 2009 }}</ref> Khan won the libel case, which the judge labelled a "complete exercise in futility", with a 10–2 majority decision by the jury.<ref name="legal case" /> Also, Khan had served as a domestic league coach.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/pakistan/content/story/131596.html|title=Imran returns to coaching to boost Pakistan|website=Cricinfo}}</ref> | ||
[[File:University of Bradford school of management.jpg|left|thumb|Khan served as the chancellor of the [[University of Bradford]] between November 2005 and November 2014.]] | [[File:University of Bradford school of management.jpg|left|thumb|Khan served as the chancellor of the [[University of Bradford]] between November 2005 and November 2014.]] | ||
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and also most five-wicket hauls (6) in a Test innings in wins.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain=1;class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=five_wickets;result=1;template=results;type=allround |title=All-round records | Cricinfo Statsguru |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=31 March 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302095858/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain=1%3Bclass%3D1%3Bfilter%3Dadvanced%3Borderby%3Dfive_wickets%3Bresult%3D1%3Btemplate%3Dresults%3Btype%3Dallround |archive-date=2 March 2014 }}</ref> | and also most five-wicket hauls (6) in a Test innings in wins.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain=1;class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=five_wickets;result=1;template=results;type=allround |title=All-round records | Cricinfo Statsguru |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=31 March 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302095858/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?captain=1%3Bclass%3D1%3Bfilter%3Dadvanced%3Borderby%3Dfive_wickets%3Bresult%3D1%3Btemplate%3Dresults%3Btype%3Dallround |archive-date=2 March 2014 }}</ref> | ||
On 23 November 2005, Khan was appointed as the [[chancellor (education)|chancellor]] of [[University of Bradford]], succeeding [[Betty Lockwood, Baroness Lockwood| | On 23 November 2005, Khan was appointed as the [[chancellor (education)|chancellor]] of [[University of Bradford]], succeeding [[Betty Lockwood, Baroness Lockwood|Betty Lockwood]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2005/nov/23/highereducation.news|title=Imran Khan appointed Bradford chancellor|date=23 November 2005|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=23 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224035730/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2005/nov/23/highereducation.news|archive-date=24 December 2016}}</ref> On 26 February 2014, [[University of Bradford Union]] floated a motion to remove Khan from the post over Khan's absence from every graduation ceremony since 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/uk/Students-want-Imran-Khan-sacked-as-vice-chancellor-of-University-of-Bradford/articleshow/31019104.cms|title=Students want Imran Khan sacked as vice-chancellor of University of Bradford – Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=23 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821164646/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/uk/Students-want-Imran-Khan-sacked-as-vice-chancellor-of-University-of-Bradford/articleshow/31019104.cms|archive-date=21 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/bradford-university-defends-former-pakistan-cricket-captain-imran-khan-after-students-demand-he-9152144.html|title=University defends former Pakistan cricket captain Khan|date=25 February 2014|work=The Independent|language=en-GB|access-date=23 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224031229/http://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/bradford-university-defends-former-pakistan-cricket-captain-imran-khan-after-students-demand-he-9152144.html|archive-date=24 December 2016}}</ref> Khan, however, announced that he will step down on 30 November 2014, citing his "increasing political commitments".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/641977-imran-made-to-quit-as-chancellor-of-uk-university|title=Imran made to quit as chancellor of UK University|website=Thenews.com.pk|access-date=23 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224031359/https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/641977-imran-made-to-quit-as-chancellor-of-uk-university|archive-date=24 December 2016}}</ref> The university [[vice-chancellor]] [[Brian Cantor]] said Khan had been "a wonderful role model for our students".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-27664806|title=Imran Khan resigns as University of Bradford chancellor|date=2 June 2014|work=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=23 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224032105/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-27664806|archive-date=24 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bradford.ac.uk/about/chancellor/former-chancellors/imran-khan/?cta|title=Imran Khan – University of Bradford|website=Bradford.ac.uk|access-date=23 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224030331/http://www.bradford.ac.uk/about/chancellor/former-chancellors/imran-khan/?cta|archive-date=24 December 2016}}</ref> | ||
== Philanthropy == | === Philanthropy === | ||
{{Main|Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre|Namal College}} | {{Main|Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre|Namal College}} | ||
During the 1990s, Khan also served as [[United Nations Children's Fund|UNICEF]]'s Special Representative for Sports<ref name="awards">{{cite web |title=Mr Imran Khan's Statement |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |url=http://www.emro.who.int/tfi/wntd2002/WNTD2002Kit-Khan.htm |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080124200420/http://www.emro.who.int/tfi/wntd2002/WNTD2002Kit-Khan.htm |archive-date=24 January 2008 }}</ref> and promoted health and [[Immunization|immunisation]] programmes in [[Bangladesh]], [[Pakistan]], [[Sri Lanka]] and [[Thailand]].<ref name="unicef">{{cite web |title=UNICEF and the stars |publisher=unicef.org |url=http://www.unicef.org/sowc96/kstars.htm |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215124523/http://www.unicef.org/sowc96/kstars.htm |archive-date=15 December 2007 }}</ref> While in London, he also works with the [[Lord's Taverners]], a cricket charity.<ref name="times profile">{{cite news |last=Kervin |first=Alison |title=Imran Khan: 'What I do now fulfils me like never before' |work=[[The Sunday Times]] |location=UK |url=http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/sport/article159055.ece |date=6 August 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023052526/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/sport/article159055.ece |archive-date=23 October 2016 }}</ref> Khan focused his efforts solely on social work. By 1991, he had founded the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust, a charity organisation bearing the name of his mother, Mrs. Shaukat Khanum. As the Trust's maiden endeavour, Khan established Pakistan's first and only cancer hospital, constructed using donations and funds exceeding $25 million, raised by Khan from all over the world.<ref name="times profile" /><ref name="Memorial">{{cite news|title=Imran Khan announces second Shaukat Khanum hospital|work=[[The Express Tribune]]|location=Pakistan|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/518287/imran-khan-announces-second-shaukat-khanum-hospital/|date=9 March 2013|access-date=9 March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312032756/http://tribune.com.pk/story/518287/imran-khan-announces-second-shaukat-khanum-hospital/|archive-date=12 March 2013}}</ref> | During the 1990s, Khan also served as [[United Nations Children's Fund|UNICEF]]'s Special Representative for Sports<ref name="awards">{{cite web |title=Mr Imran Khan's Statement |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |url=http://www.emro.who.int/tfi/wntd2002/WNTD2002Kit-Khan.htm |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080124200420/http://www.emro.who.int/tfi/wntd2002/WNTD2002Kit-Khan.htm |archive-date=24 January 2008 }}</ref> and promoted health and [[Immunization|immunisation]] programmes in [[Bangladesh]], [[Pakistan]], [[Sri Lanka]] and [[Thailand]].<ref name="unicef">{{cite web |title=UNICEF and the stars |publisher=unicef.org |url=http://www.unicef.org/sowc96/kstars.htm |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215124523/http://www.unicef.org/sowc96/kstars.htm |archive-date=15 December 2007 }}</ref> While in London, he also works with the [[Lord's Taverners]], a cricket charity.<ref name="times profile">{{cite news |last=Kervin |first=Alison |title=Imran Khan: 'What I do now fulfils me like never before' |work=[[The Sunday Times]] |location=UK |url=http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/sport/article159055.ece |date=6 August 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023052526/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/sport/article159055.ece |archive-date=23 October 2016 }}</ref> Khan focused his efforts solely on social work. By 1991, he had founded the [[Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre|Shaukat Khanum Memorial Trust]], a charity organisation bearing the name of his mother, Mrs. Shaukat Khanum.<ref name="times profile" /><ref>{{cite web |date=13 January 2012 |title=Imran Khan |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/687806/imran-khan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923051103/http://www.dawn.com/news/687806/imran-khan |archive-date=23 September 2016 |access-date=22 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 July 2012 |title=Imran Khan awarded honorary fellowship by Royal College of Physicians – The Express Tribune |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/414217/imran-khan-awarded-honorary-fellowship-by-royal-college-of-physicians/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923042258/http://tribune.com.pk/story/414217/imran-khan-awarded-honorary-fellowship-by-royal-college-of-physicians/ |archive-date=23 September 2016 |access-date=22 September 2016 |language=en-US}}</ref> As the Trust's maiden endeavour, Khan established Pakistan's first and only cancer hospital, constructed using donations and funds exceeding $25 million, raised by Khan from all over the world.<ref name="times profile" /><ref name="Memorial">{{cite news|title=Imran Khan announces second Shaukat Khanum hospital|work=[[The Express Tribune]]|location=Pakistan|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/518287/imran-khan-announces-second-shaukat-khanum-hospital/|date=9 March 2013|access-date=9 March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312032756/http://tribune.com.pk/story/518287/imran-khan-announces-second-shaukat-khanum-hospital/|archive-date=12 March 2013}}</ref> | ||
On 27 April 2008, Khan established a technical college in the [[Mianwali District]] called [[Namal College]]. It was built by the Mianwali Development Trust (MDT), and is an associate college of the [[University of Bradford]] in December 2005.<ref name="namal">{{cite news |title=University delegation goes east to establish new College |publisher=[[University of Bradford]] |url=http://www.brad.ac.uk/admin/pr/pressreleases/2006/delegation.php |date=22 February 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007 |archive-date=15 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915124809/https://www.brad.ac.uk/admin/pr/pressreleases/2006/delegation.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="dawni">{{cite news |title= TI chief plans Knowledge City|publisher=[[Dawn News]] |url=http://archives.dawn.com/archives/75706|date=22 February 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007}}</ref> Imran Khan Foundation is another welfare work, which aims to assist needy people all over Pakistan. It has provided help to [[2010 Pakistan floods|flood]] victims in Pakistan. Buksh Foundation has partnered with the Imran Khan Foundation to light up villages in [[Dera Ghazi Khan]], Mianwali and [[Dera Ismail Khan]] under the project 'Lighting a Million Lives'. The campaign will establish several Solar Charging Stations in the selected off-grid villages and will provide villagers with solar lanterns, which can be regularly charged at the solar-charging stations.<ref name="Buksh">{{cite news|title=Buksh Foundation partners with Imran Khan Foundation in 'Lighting a Million Lives' project|publisher=[[Pakistan Today]]|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/03/19/news/profit/buksh-foundation-partners-with-imran-khan-foundation-in-lighting-a-million-lives-project/|date=19 March 2013|access-date=19 March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130323003142/http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/03/19/news/profit/buksh-foundation-partners-with-imran-khan-foundation-in-lighting-a-million-lives-project/|archive-date=23 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="ignored">{{cite news|title=Imran Khan Foundation provides relief for ignored Waziristan IDPs |publisher=[[Pakistan Today]] |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C17%5Cstory_17-1-2013_pg7_20 |date=17 January 2013 |access-date=17 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212042107/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C17%5Cstory_17-1-2013_pg7_20 |archive-date=12 December 2013 }}</ref> | On 27 April 2008, Khan established a technical college in the [[Mianwali District]] called [[Namal College]].<ref name="Thomas Fletcher">{{cite book |author=Thomas Fletcher |title=Sports Around the World: History, Culture, and Practice |date=6 April 2012 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-300-2 |editor1=John Nauright |page=231 |chapter=Imran Khan |access-date=30 August 2013 |editor2=Charles Parrish |chapter-url={{Google books|IkLYDgTnMxEC|page=PA231|plainurl=yes}}}}</ref><ref name="Oxford">{{cite book |author=Kamila Hyat |title=The Oxford Companion to Pakistani History |publisher=Ameena Saiyid, [[Oxford University Press]] |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-19-547578-4 |editor=Ayesha Jalal |location=Karachi |page=282 |language=en-PK |chapter=Khan |author-link=Khan, Imran |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-b0nLgEACAAJ}}</ref> It was built by the Mianwali Development Trust (MDT), and is an associate college of the [[University of Bradford]] in December 2005.<ref name="namal">{{cite news |title=University delegation goes east to establish new College |publisher=[[University of Bradford]] |url=http://www.brad.ac.uk/admin/pr/pressreleases/2006/delegation.php |date=22 February 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007 |archive-date=15 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915124809/https://www.brad.ac.uk/admin/pr/pressreleases/2006/delegation.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="dawni">{{cite news |title= TI chief plans Knowledge City|publisher=[[Dawn News]] |url=http://archives.dawn.com/archives/75706|date=22 February 2006 |access-date=5 November 2007}}</ref> Imran Khan Foundation is another welfare work, which aims to assist needy people all over Pakistan. It has provided help to [[2010 Pakistan floods|flood]] victims in Pakistan. Buksh Foundation has partnered with the Imran Khan Foundation to light up villages in [[Dera Ghazi Khan]], Mianwali and [[Dera Ismail Khan]] under the project 'Lighting a Million Lives'. The campaign will establish several Solar Charging Stations in the selected off-grid villages and will provide villagers with solar lanterns, which can be regularly charged at the solar-charging stations.<ref name="Buksh">{{cite news|title=Buksh Foundation partners with Imran Khan Foundation in 'Lighting a Million Lives' project|publisher=[[Pakistan Today]]|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/03/19/news/profit/buksh-foundation-partners-with-imran-khan-foundation-in-lighting-a-million-lives-project/|date=19 March 2013|access-date=19 March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130323003142/http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/03/19/news/profit/buksh-foundation-partners-with-imran-khan-foundation-in-lighting-a-million-lives-project/|archive-date=23 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="ignored">{{cite news|title=Imran Khan Foundation provides relief for ignored Waziristan IDPs |publisher=[[Pakistan Today]] |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C17%5Cstory_17-1-2013_pg7_20 |date=17 January 2013 |access-date=17 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212042107/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C17%5Cstory_17-1-2013_pg7_20 |archive-date=12 December 2013 }}</ref> | ||
== Political ideology == | == Political ideology == | ||
Khan | === Interior === | ||
[[File:Imran Khan (4276439704).jpg|thumb|left|Imran Khan speaking at the [[Chatham House]] in [[London]]]]<!-- Ideology --> | |||
Basing his wider paradigm on the poet-philosopher [[Muhammad Iqbal]] and the [[Iran]]ian writer-sociologist [[Ali Shariati]] he came across in his youth,<ref>Imran Khan, ''Pakistan: A Personal History'', [[Random House]] (2011), p. 99</ref> Khan is generally described as a [[Pakistani nationalism|nationalist]]<ref>{{cite news|work=[[Reuters]]|title=Pakistan's Imran Khan declares victory as rivals cry foul|date=25 July 2018|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-pakistan-election/pakistans-imran-khan-declares-victory-as-rivals-cry-foul-idUKKBN1KF33N}}</ref> and a [[populist]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB849476508892946000|title=Imran Khan Bowls Them Over With Populist Pakistani Pitch|last=Waldman|first=Peter|date=2 December 1996|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|issn=0099-9660|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052123/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB849476508892946000|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> Khan's proclaimed political platform and declarations include: Islamic values, to which he rededicated himself in the 1990s; liberal economics, with the promise of deregulating the economy and creating a welfare state; decreased bureaucracy and the implementation of [[anti-corruption]] laws, to create and ensure a clean government; the establishment of an independent judiciary; overhaul of the country's police system; and an anti-militant vision for a democratic Pakistan.<ref name="telegraph profile">{{cite news |last=Farndale |first=Nigel |title=Imran Khan is ready to become political force |work=[[The Daily Telegraph#The Sunday Telegraph|The Sunday Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1560092/Imran-Khan-is-ready-to-become-political-force.html |date=14 August 2007 |access-date=5 November 2007 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508193453/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1560092/Imran-Khan-is-ready-to-become-political-force.html |archive-date=8 May 2008 }}</ref><ref name="WP profile">{{cite news |last=Lancaster |first=John |title=A Pakistani Cricket Star's Political Move |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/03/AR2005070301078.html |date=4 July 2005 |access-date=5 November 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604132609/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/03/AR2005070301078.html |archive-date=4 June 2012 }}</ref><ref name="2002 election">{{cite news |title=Imran Khan Standing for Election Again |work=The Guardian |location=UK |url=http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/9-26-2002-27111.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118075057/http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/9-26-2002-27111.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 November 2007 |date=26 September 2002 |access-date=5 November 2007 }}</ref><ref name="new game">{{cite news|title=Imran Khan's new game|publisher=BBC|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/128794.stm|date=9 July 1998|access-date=5 November 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112044123/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/128794.stm|archive-date=12 January 2009}}</ref> | |||
<!-- Ideology2 -->After the result of [[2018 Pakistani general election]], Imran Khan said he would try to remake Pakistan based on the ideology of [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 July 2018 |title=Imran Khan wants a Pakistan as Jinnah envisioned, but what Pakistan is that? – Times of India |website=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/imran-khan-wants-a-pakistan-as-jinnah-envisioned-but-what-pakistan-is-that/articleshow/65162559.cms}}</ref> | |||
<!-- Economy --> | |||
During his government, Khan addressed a [[balance of payments]] crisis with a bailout from the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 May 2019 |title=Pakistan to get $6bn IMF lifeline to ease economic crisis |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-48250399 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref> He presided over a shrinking current account deficit,<ref name="Sherani">{{Cite web |last=Sherani |first=Tahir |date=2 November 2019 |title=Trade deficit falls by 33.5% during July–Oct of FY19-20 |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1514450 |website=dawn.com}}</ref><ref name="raremove">{{Cite web |last=Iqbal |first=Shahid |date=22 July 2020 |title=CAD shrinks 78pc in 2019–20 |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1570449 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> and limited defence spending to curtail the fiscal deficit,<ref name="uk.reuters.com">{{Cite web |date=5 June 2019 |title=In rare move, Pakistan military agrees to budget cut amid economic woes, PM says |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-pakistan-military-idUKKCN1T60PH |website=uk.reuters.com}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |date=14 June 2020 |title=Defence budget not increased to provide relief to masses: Qureshi |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1563308 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> leading to some general economic growth.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2021 |title=Pakistan beats growth target as industries, services guide V-shaped recovery |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1628602/pakistan-beats-growth-target-as-industries-services-guide-v-shaped-recovery}}</ref><ref name="uk.reuters.com" /><ref name="ReferenceA" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2021 |title=Pakistan beats growth target as industries, services guide V-shaped recovery |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1628602/pakistan-beats-growth-target-as-industries-services-guide-v-shaped-recovery |access-date=7 November 2022 |work=Dawn}}</ref> He enacted policies which increased [[Taxation in Pakistan|tax collection]]<ref name="FBRtrillion3">{{Cite web |title=FBR collects over one trillion revenues in 1st quarter |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Business/566797-FBR-collects-over-one-trillion-revenues-in-1st-quarter |website=Dunya News|date=14 February 2008 }}</ref><ref name="17pc3">{{Cite web |date=6 February 2020 |title=FBR says tax revenue increased by 17 percent |url=https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/02/06/fbr-says-tax-revenue-increased-by-17-percent/ |access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> and investment,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2019 |title=Saudi prince signs $20bn in Pakistan deals |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-47274672 |website=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref> and reforms were made to the [[Ehsaas Programme|social safety net]]. His government committed to a [[Energy policy of Pakistan|renewable energy]] transition, launched a national [[Plant for Pakistan|reforestation initiative]] and expanded [[Protected areas of Pakistan|protected areas]], and led the country during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan|COVID-19 pandemic]]. His government committed to a [[renewable energy]] transition, launched the [[Ehsaas Programme]] and the [[Plant for Pakistan]] initiative, and expanded the [[protected areas of Pakistan]]. He presided over the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan|COVID-19 pandemic]], which caused economic turmoil and rising inflation in the country, and threatened his political position.<ref name="dw.com">{{Cite web |date=15 November 2021 |title=Pakistan: Rampant inflation piles on the pressure |url=https://www.dw.com/en/pakistan-rampant-inflation-piles-on-the-pressure/a-59823980 |website=Deutsche Welle}}</ref> He enacted policies that increased tax collection<ref name="FBRtrillion3" /><ref name="17pc3" /> and investment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2019 |title=Saudi prince signs $20bn in Pakistan deals |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-47274672 |website=BBC News}}</ref> | |||
However, his failure to revive the [[Economy of Pakistan|economy]] and the rising [[inflation]] rate caused him political problems.<ref name="dw.com" /> Despite his promised anti-corruption campaign, the perception of [[corruption in Pakistan]] worsened during his rule.<ref name="amp.dw.com">{{Cite web |date=26 January 2022 |title=Pakistan: Is PM Khan's government more corrupt than previous administrations? |url=https://amp.dw.com/en/pakistan-is-pm-khans-government-more-corrupt-than-previous-administrations/a-60559804 |website=Deutsche Welle}}</ref> He was accused of political victimisation of opponents and clamping down on [[freedom of expression]] and [[dissent]].<ref name="BBC News">{{cite news |date=24 August 2019 |title=Imran Khan: A year facing Pakistan's harsh realities |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-49450145 |access-date=23 June 2020}}</ref> | |||
<!-- Fall -->On 10 April 2022, Khan became the country's first prime minister to be ousted through a no-confidence motion vote in parliament. On 22 August 2022, Khan was charged by the Pakistani police under anti-terror laws after Khan accused the police and judiciary of detaining and torturing his close aide.<ref name="bbc.com">{{cite news |date=22 August 2022 |title=Imran Khan: Pakistan police charge ex-PM under terrorism act |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-62628124 |access-date=22 August 2022}}</ref> | |||
=== Foreign relations === | |||
In [[Foreign relations of Pakistan|foreign relations]], he dealt with [[2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes|border skirmishes against India]], strengthened [[China–Pakistan relations|relations with China]] and [[Pakistan–Russia relations|Russia]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russia, Pakistan agree to build Pakistan Stream gas pipeline |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/russia-pakistan-agree-to-build-pakistan-stream-gas-pipeline/2257458 |website=Aa.com.tr}}</ref> while [[Pakistan–United States relations|relations with the United States]] cooled.<!-- Indian relations --> | |||
In 2010, Khan said in an interview: "I grew up hating India because I grew up in [[Lahore]] and there were [[Partition of India|massacres of 1947]], so much bloodshed and anger. But as I started touring India, I got such love and friendship there that all this disappeared."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dawn.com |date=14 November 2011 |title=I grew up hating India: Imran Khan |url=https://www.dawn.com/2011/11/14/i-grew-up-hating-india-imran-khan/ |access-date=7 March 2022 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> | In 2010, Khan said in an interview: "I grew up hating India because I grew up in [[Lahore]] and there were [[Partition of India|massacres of 1947]], so much bloodshed and anger. But as I started touring India, I got such love and friendship there that all this disappeared."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dawn.com |date=14 November 2011 |title=I grew up hating India: Imran Khan |url=https://www.dawn.com/2011/11/14/i-grew-up-hating-india-imran-khan/ |access-date=7 March 2022 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> | ||
Khan views the [[Kashmir conflict|Kashmir issue]] as a humanitarian issue, as opposed to a territorial dispute between two countries (India and Pakistan). He also proposed secret talks to settle the issue as he thinks the vested interests on both sides will try to subvert them. He ruled out a military solution to the conflict and denied the possibility of a fourth war between India and Pakistan over the disputed mountainous region.<ref name="Kashmir">{{cite news |last=Naqvi |first=Jawed |date=8 December 2013 |title=Imran suggests secret talks on Kashmir issue |work=Dawn |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1061219/imran-suggests-secret-talks-on-kashmir-issue |url-status=live |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210045441/http://www.dawn.com/news/1061219/imran-suggests-secret-talks-on-kashmir-issue |archive-date=10 December 2013}}</ref> | |||
<!-- Bangladesh --> | |||
Khan publicly demanded a Pakistani apology towards the Bangladeshi people for the [[1971 Bangladesh genocide|atrocities committed in 1971]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=37808&Cat=2 |title=Imran demands apology from Pakistan to Bangladesh |date=24 March 2011 |work=[[The News International]] |access-date=1 July 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006205350/http://www.thenews.com.pk/TodaysPrintDetail.aspx?ID=37808&Cat=2 |archive-date=6 October 2013 }}</ref><ref name="NoLesson">{{cite news |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=218441 |title=Pakistan learnt no lesson from 1971 |work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |date=15 January 2012 |access-date=1 July 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007004843/http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=218441 |archive-date=7 October 2013 }}</ref> He called the [[Operation Searchlight|1971 operation]] a "blunder"<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=179184 |title=Pakistan must apologise for 1971 atrocities |work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |date=26 March 2011 |access-date=1 July 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007004652/http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=179184 |archive-date=7 October 2013 }}</ref> and likened it to today's treatment of [[Pashtun people|Pashtuns]] in the war on terror.<ref name="NoLesson" /> However, he repeatedly criticised [[International Crimes Tribunal (Bangladesh)|the war crimes trials in Bangladesh]] in favour of the convicts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/997161/plea-for-forgiveness-imran-requested-bangladesh-pm-to-stay-hangings/|title=Plea for forgiveness Imran requested Bangladesh PM to stay hangings|date=24 November 2015|work=Express Tribune|access-date=5 December 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125160252/http://tribune.com.pk/story/997161/plea-for-forgiveness-imran-requested-bangladesh-pm-to-stay-hangings/|archive-date=25 November 2015}} [https://web. Alt URL]</ref> | |||
<!-- Tablibans and religion(s): --> | |||
In August 2012, the Pakistani Taliban issued death threats if he went ahead with his march to their tribal stronghold along the Afghan border to protest US drone attacks, because he calls himself a "liberal" – a term they associate with a lack of religious belief.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/taliban-threaten-to-kill-imran-khan/985961/0|title= Taliban threaten to kill Imran Khan |date=9 August 2012}}</ref> On 1 October 2012, prior to his plan to address a rally in [[South Waziristan]], senior commanders of Pakistani Taliban said after a meeting headed by the Taliban leader Hakimullah Mehsud that they now offered Khan security assistance for the rally because of Khan's opposition to drone attacks in Pakistan, reversing their previous stance.<ref name="Telegraph2">{{cite news|title=Pakistan Taliban offers Imran Khan protection|work=The Telegraph|location=UK|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/9579223/Pakistan-Taliban-offers-Imran-Khan-protection.html|date=1 October 2012|access-date=1 October 2012|first=Rob|last=Crilly|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004001644/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/9579223/Pakistan-Taliban-offers-Imran-Khan-protection.html|archive-date=4 October 2012}}</ref> | In August 2012, the Pakistani Taliban issued death threats if he went ahead with his march to their tribal stronghold along the Afghan border to protest US drone attacks, because he calls himself a "liberal" – a term they associate with a lack of religious belief.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/taliban-threaten-to-kill-imran-khan/985961/0|title= Taliban threaten to kill Imran Khan |date=9 August 2012}}</ref> On 1 October 2012, prior to his plan to address a rally in [[South Waziristan]], senior commanders of Pakistani Taliban said after a meeting headed by the Taliban leader Hakimullah Mehsud that they now offered Khan security assistance for the rally because of Khan's opposition to drone attacks in Pakistan, reversing their previous stance.<ref name="Telegraph2">{{cite news|title=Pakistan Taliban offers Imran Khan protection|work=The Telegraph|location=UK|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/9579223/Pakistan-Taliban-offers-Imran-Khan-protection.html|date=1 October 2012|access-date=1 October 2012|first=Rob|last=Crilly|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004001644/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/9579223/Pakistan-Taliban-offers-Imran-Khan-protection.html|archive-date=4 October 2012}}</ref> | ||
His sympathetic position toward the Pakistani Taliban and Afghan Taliban, as well as his criticism of the US-led [[war on terror]], has earned him the moniker "Taliban Khan" in [[Pakistani politics]]. He believes in negotiations with Taliban and the pull out of the [[Pakistan Army]] from [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]] (FATA). He is against US drone strikes and plans to disengage Pakistan from the US-led war on terror. Khan also opposes almost all military operations, including the [[Siege of Lal Masjid]].<ref name="mykhan">{{cite news |date=11 May 2010 |title=Imran Khan opposes military action in Kala Dhaka |work=The Express Tribune |location=Pakistan |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/12392/imran-khan-opposes-military-action-in-kala-dhaka/ |url-status=live |access-date=11 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006192434/http://tribune.com.pk/story/12392/imran-khan-opposes-military-action-in-kala-dhaka/ |archive-date=6 October 2013}}</ref><ref name="Paktoday">{{cite news |date=24 February 2012 |title=Imran says can negotiate with Taliban if asked |work=[[Pakistan Today]] |location=Pakistan |url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2012/02/24/news/national/imran-says-can-negotiate-with-taliban-if-asked/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120824235401/http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2012/02/24/news/national/imran-says-can-negotiate-with-taliban-if-asked/ |archive-date=24 August 2012}}</ref> | |||
In 2014, when Pakistani Taliban announced armed struggle against [[Ismailism|Isma'ili Muslims]] (denouncing them as non-Muslims)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://qz.com/404179/why-terrorists-are-targeting-pakistans-ismaili-community/amp/|title=Why terrorists are targeting Pakistan's Ismaili community|website=qz.com|date=14 May 2015 |access-date=25 August 2018}}</ref> and the [[Kalash people]], Khan released a statement describing "forced conversions as un-Islamic".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1086976/forcibly-converting-people-un-islamic-says-imran|title=Forcibly converting people un-Islamic, says Imran|date=14 February 2014|work=Dawn|location=Pakistan|access-date=20 February 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218080542/http://www.dawn.com/news/1086976/forcibly-converting-people-un-islamic-says-imran|archive-date=18 February 2014}}</ref> He has also condemned the incidents of forced conversion of Hindu girls in Sindh.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghori |first1=Habib Khan |title=Imran slams incidents of forced conversion in Sindh |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1366045 |work=Dawn |date=25 October 2017}}</ref> | |||
Following the [[Fall of Kabul (2021)|Taliban takeover of Kabul]] in 2021, Khan congratulated the [[Taliban]] for their victory in the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)|2001–2021 war]], and urged the international community to support their new government.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan PM Urges World to Support Taliban, Not Isolate It |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/pakistan-pm-urges-world-to-support-taliban-not-isolate-it/6245191.html |website=Voice of America|date=24 September 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan's Imran Khan warns of 'civil war' in Afghanistan |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/9/22/pakistan-imran-khan-civil-war-afghanistan-taliban |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2022 |title=Pakistan's 'good Taliban-bad Taliban' strategy backfires, posing regional risks |url=https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20220209-pakistan-s-good-taliban-bad-taliban-strategy-backfires-posing-regional-risks |website=France 24}}</ref> He also said that his government was negotiating a peace deal with the [[Pakistani Taliban|Pakistani Taliban (TTP)]] with the help of the Afghan Taliban.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan's PM Says Peace Talks Underway With Pakistani Taliban |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/pakistan-imran-khan-says-peace-talks-underway-with-pakistani-taliban/6253786.html |website=Voice of America|date=October 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Butt |first=Ahsan I. |title=Imran Khan's talks with the Pakistan Taliban will not bring peace |website=www.aljazeera.com |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2021/10/27/imran-khans-talks-with-the-pakistan-taliban-wont-work}}</ref> | |||
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On 8 January 2016, Khan visited the embassies of Iran and Saudi Arabia in Islamabad and met their head of commissions to understand their stances about the conflict that engulfed both nations after the [[Execution of Nimr al-Nimr|execution]] of [[Nimr al-Nimr|Sheikh Nimr]] by Saudi Arabia. He urged the Government of Pakistan to play a positive role to resolve the matter between both countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nation.com.pk/national/09-Jan-2016/imran-wants-govt-to-mediate-in-saudi-iran-conflict|title=Imran wants govt to mediate in Saudi-Iran conflict|date=9 January 2016|work=The Nation|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109125744/http://nation.com.pk/national/09-Jan-2016/imran-wants-govt-to-mediate-in-saudi-iran-conflict|archive-date=9 January 2016}}</ref> After parliament passed a unanimous resolution keeping Pakistan out of the [[Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen|War in Yemen]] in April 2015, Khan claimed that his party was responsible for "many critical clauses" of the resolution.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/868550/neutrality-in-war-imran-takes-credit-for-parliaments-verdict-on-yemen/|title=Neutrality in war: Imran takes credit for parliament's verdict on Yemen {{!}} The Express Tribune|date=12 April 2015|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=25 August 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> In July 2018, the Saudi-based [[Islamic Development Bank]] activated its $4.5 billion oil financing facility for Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/columns/pakistan-caught-between-two-heavyweights-muslim-world-1262539570|title=Pakistan's dilemma: Can Imran Khan afford to tilt towards Iran?|work=Middle East Eye|access-date=25 August 2018|language=en}}</ref> | |||
Khan's support for [[Blasphemy in Pakistan|Pakistan's blasphemy laws]] carried over into relations with the West. In 2021 he called on "Muslim countries to pressure Western governments to make insulting" the Islamic Prophet [[Muhammad]] a crime, "likening this measure to laws against [[Holocaust denial]]".<ref name="ICG-NEoSViP-2022-14">{{cite book |title=A New Era of Sectarian Violence in Pakistan |date=2022 |publisher=International Crisis Group |pages=14 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep42808.7 |access-date=20 July 2023}}</ref> He urged Muslims to launch a boycott on products of countries that do not punish "insult" to "the honour of the prophet”. (Blasphemy is a "sensitive subject" in Pakistan -- at least 78 people have been murdered in mob violence and targeted attacks related to blasphemy accusations since 1990<ref name="Hashim-AJ-2021"/> -- and French president [[Emmanuel Macron]] became a lightening rod after defending a "publication’s right to republish caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad", which many Pakistanis consider blasphemous.)<ref name="Hashim-AJ-2021">{{cite news |last1=Hashim |first1=Asad |title=Pakistan PM calls for West to criminalise blasphemy against Islam |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/19/pakistan-pm-calls-for-west-to-criminalise-blasphemy-against-islam |access-date=16 August 2023 |agency=AlJazeera |date=19 April 2021}}</ref> | |||
== | == Early political career == | ||
=== Initial years === | === Initial years === | ||
[[File:Iktearsoffpapers.jpg|thumb|Khan tearing his nomination paper for National Assembly at a press conference; he boycotted the [[2008 Pakistani general election|2008]] elections.]] | [[File:Iktearsoffpapers.jpg|thumb|Khan tearing his nomination paper for the National Assembly at a press conference; he boycotted the [[2008 Pakistani general election|2008]] elections.]] | ||
Khan was offered political positions more than a few times during his cricketing career. In 1987, | Khan was offered political positions more than a few times during his cricketing career. In 1987, president [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq]] offered him a political position in [[Pakistan Muslim League]] (PML) which he politely declined.<ref name="flamboyant">{{cite web |date=17 August 2018 |title=Imran Khan ─ from flamboyant cricketer to prime minister |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1423231/imran-khan-from-flamboyant-cricketer-to-prime-minister |work=Dawn}}</ref> Khan was also invited by [[Nawaz Sharif]] to join his political party.<ref name="flamboyant" /> | ||
In 1993, Khan was appointed as the ambassador for tourism in the caretaker government of [[Moeenuddin Ahmad | In 1993, Khan was appointed as the ambassador for tourism in the caretaker government of [[Moeenuddin Ahmad Qureshi]] and held the portfolio for three months until the government dissolved.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sandford, Christopher|title=Imran Khan : the cricketer, the celebrity, the politician : the biography|date=2009|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|isbn=978-0-00-735337-8|oclc=610566791}}</ref> In 1994, Khan joined the Jamiat-e-Pasban, a breakaway faction of [[Jamaat-e-Islami (Pakistan)|Jamaat-e-Islami]], of [[Hamid Gul]] and [[Muhammad Ali Durrani]].<ref name="flamboyant" /> | ||
On 25 April 1996, Khan founded a political party, [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] (PTI).<ref name="2006 profile" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/8858550/Imran-Khan-leads-100000-rally-against-Pakistans-US-alliance.html |title=Imran Khan leads 100,000 rally against Pakistan's US alliance |work=The Telegraph |date=30 October 2011 |access-date=6 November 2011 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106002644/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/8858550/Imran-Khan-leads-100000-rally-against-Pakistans-US-alliance.html |archive-date=6 November 2011}}</ref> He ran for the seat of National Assembly of Pakistan in [[1997 Pakistani general election]] as a candidate of PTI from two constituencies – NA-53, Mianwali and NA-94, Lahore – but was unsuccessful and lost both the seats to candidates of PML (N).<ref>{{cite web|title=Results election 1997|url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Results%201988%20-%201997/NA.pdf|publisher=ECP|access-date=30 August 2017|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828225608/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Results%201988%20-%201997/NA.pdf|archive-date=28 August 2017}}</ref> | On 25 April 1996, Khan founded a political party, [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf]] (PTI).<ref name="2006 profile" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/8858550/Imran-Khan-leads-100000-rally-against-Pakistans-US-alliance.html |title=Imran Khan leads 100,000 rally against Pakistan's US alliance |work=The Telegraph |date=30 October 2011 |access-date=6 November 2011 |location=London |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106002644/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/8858550/Imran-Khan-leads-100000-rally-against-Pakistans-US-alliance.html |archive-date=6 November 2011}}</ref> He ran for the seat of National Assembly of Pakistan in [[1997 Pakistani general election]] as a candidate of PTI from two constituencies – NA-53, Mianwali and NA-94, Lahore – but was unsuccessful and lost both the seats to candidates of PML (N).<ref>{{cite web|title=Results election 1997|url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Results%201988%20-%201997/NA.pdf|publisher=ECP|access-date=30 August 2017|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828225608/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Results%201988%20-%201997/NA.pdf|archive-date=28 August 2017}}</ref> | ||
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A year after elections, on 11 May 2014, Khan alleged that 2013 general elections were rigged in favour of the ruling PML (N).<ref>[http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-30285-Imran-demands-new-ECP-resignation-of-its-members Imran demands new ECP, resignation of its members] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819091319/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-30285-Imran-demands-new-ECP-resignation-of-its-members |date=19 August 2014 }} 12 May 2014; ''The News International''. Retrieved 15 August 2014</ref> On 14 August 2014, Imran Khan led a [[2014 Azadi March|rally]] of supporters from Lahore to Islamabad, demanding Prime Minister [[Nawaz Sharif]]'s resignation and investigation into alleged electoral fraud.<ref name="Imran Khan address at Faisal Chowk">[http://tribune.com.pk/story/748978/destination-islamabad-azadi-march-takes-off/ Destination Islamabad: Azadi march takes off] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817200918/http://tribune.com.pk/story/748978/destination-islamabad-azadi-march-takes-off/ |date=17 August 2014 }} By Anwer Sumra; Published: 15 August 2014; ''The Express Tribune''. Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> On its way to the capital Khan's convoy was attacked by stones from PML (N) supporters in [[Gujranwala]]; however, there were no fatalities.<ref name="Attack on convoy by PMLN supporters">[http://tribune.com.pk/story/749397/azadi-march-attacked-with-stones-shoes-in-gujranwala/ Azadi march attacked with stones, shoes in Gujranwala] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818133706/http://tribune.com.pk/story/749397/azadi-march-attacked-with-stones-shoes-in-gujranwala/ |date=18 August 2014 }} 16 August 2014; By Anwer Sumra; ''The Express Tribune''. Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> Khan was reported to be attacked with guns which forced him to travel in a bullet-proof vehicle.<ref name="Gun shots fired at Imran Khan's vehicle">[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/Clashes-in-Pakistan-after-gun-shots-fired-at-Imran-Khans-vehicle/articleshow/40307754.cms Clashes in Pakistan after gun shots fired at Imran Khan's vehicle] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816000301/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/Clashes-in-Pakistan-after-gun-shots-fired-at-Imran-Khans-vehicle/articleshow/40307754.cms |date=16 August 2014 }} 15 August 2014; ''The Times of India''. Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> On 15 August, Khan-led protesters entered the capital and a few days later marched into the high-security [[Red Zone (Islamabad)|Red Zone]]; on 1 September 2014, according to [[Al Jazeera]], protesters attempted to storm Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif's official residence, which prompted the outbreak of violence. Three people died and more than 595 people were injured, including 115 police officers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/09/pakistan-anti-pm-protesters-storm-state-broad-201491132720191166.html|title=Anti-PM protesters storm Pakistan broadcaster|author=Asad Hashim|work=aljazeera.com|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/09/pakistan-anti-pm-protesters-storm-state-broad-201491132720191166.html|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> Prior to the violence that resulted in deaths, Khan asked his followers to take law into their own hands.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dai.ly/x2aetc1|title=Azadi March- PTI Leader Imran Khan openly asked workers to attack on the Police in Islamabad – Video Dailymotion|date=17 November 2014|website=Dailymotion|language=en|access-date=21 August 2018}}</ref> | A year after elections, on 11 May 2014, Khan alleged that 2013 general elections were rigged in favour of the ruling PML (N).<ref>[http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-30285-Imran-demands-new-ECP-resignation-of-its-members Imran demands new ECP, resignation of its members] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819091319/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-30285-Imran-demands-new-ECP-resignation-of-its-members |date=19 August 2014 }} 12 May 2014; ''The News International''. Retrieved 15 August 2014</ref> On 14 August 2014, Imran Khan led a [[2014 Azadi March|rally]] of supporters from Lahore to Islamabad, demanding Prime Minister [[Nawaz Sharif]]'s resignation and investigation into alleged electoral fraud.<ref name="Imran Khan address at Faisal Chowk">[http://tribune.com.pk/story/748978/destination-islamabad-azadi-march-takes-off/ Destination Islamabad: Azadi march takes off] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817200918/http://tribune.com.pk/story/748978/destination-islamabad-azadi-march-takes-off/ |date=17 August 2014 }} By Anwer Sumra; Published: 15 August 2014; ''The Express Tribune''. Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> On its way to the capital Khan's convoy was attacked by stones from PML (N) supporters in [[Gujranwala]]; however, there were no fatalities.<ref name="Attack on convoy by PMLN supporters">[http://tribune.com.pk/story/749397/azadi-march-attacked-with-stones-shoes-in-gujranwala/ Azadi march attacked with stones, shoes in Gujranwala] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818133706/http://tribune.com.pk/story/749397/azadi-march-attacked-with-stones-shoes-in-gujranwala/ |date=18 August 2014 }} 16 August 2014; By Anwer Sumra; ''The Express Tribune''. Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> Khan was reported to be attacked with guns which forced him to travel in a bullet-proof vehicle.<ref name="Gun shots fired at Imran Khan's vehicle">[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/Clashes-in-Pakistan-after-gun-shots-fired-at-Imran-Khans-vehicle/articleshow/40307754.cms Clashes in Pakistan after gun shots fired at Imran Khan's vehicle] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816000301/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/Clashes-in-Pakistan-after-gun-shots-fired-at-Imran-Khans-vehicle/articleshow/40307754.cms |date=16 August 2014 }} 15 August 2014; ''The Times of India''. Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> On 15 August, Khan-led protesters entered the capital and a few days later marched into the high-security [[Red Zone (Islamabad)|Red Zone]]; on 1 September 2014, according to [[Al Jazeera]], protesters attempted to storm Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif's official residence, which prompted the outbreak of violence. Three people died and more than 595 people were injured, including 115 police officers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/09/pakistan-anti-pm-protesters-storm-state-broad-201491132720191166.html|title=Anti-PM protesters storm Pakistan broadcaster|author=Asad Hashim|work=aljazeera.com|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/09/pakistan-anti-pm-protesters-storm-state-broad-201491132720191166.html|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> Prior to the violence that resulted in deaths, Khan asked his followers to take law into their own hands.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dai.ly/x2aetc1|title=Azadi March- PTI Leader Imran Khan openly asked workers to attack on the Police in Islamabad – Video Dailymotion|date=17 November 2014|website=Dailymotion|language=en|access-date=21 August 2018}}</ref> | ||
By September 2014, Khan had entered into a de facto alliance with Canadian-Pakistani cleric [[Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri]]; both have aimed to mobilise their supporters for regime change.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/08/pakistan-set-decisive-day-protests-2014828640256887.htmlPakistan|title=Pakistan set for 'decisive' day of protests|work=aljazeera.com|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/08/pakistan-set-decisive-day-protests-2014828640256887.htmlPakistan|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref><ref>[http://video.dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/mustwatch/6841/Gujranwala:-4-PTI-workers-injured-after-PML-N-allegedly-attacked-Azadi-4 March PTI Workers Injured After PML-N Allegedly Attacked Azadi March] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104025401/http://video.dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/mustwatch/6841/Gujranwala%3A-4-PTI-workers-injured-after-PML-N-allegedly-attacked-Azadi-4 |date=4 January 2015 }} 15 August 2014; ''Dunya News'' . Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> Khan entered into an agreement with the Sharif administration to establish a three-member high-powered judicial commission which would be formed under a presidential ordinance. The commission would make its final report public. If the commission | By September 2014, Khan had entered into a de facto alliance with Canadian-Pakistani cleric [[Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri]]; both have aimed to mobilise their supporters for regime change.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/08/pakistan-set-decisive-day-protests-2014828640256887.htmlPakistan|title=Pakistan set for 'decisive' day of protests|work=aljazeera.com|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2014/08/pakistan-set-decisive-day-protests-2014828640256887.htmlPakistan|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref><ref>[http://video.dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/mustwatch/6841/Gujranwala:-4-PTI-workers-injured-after-PML-N-allegedly-attacked-Azadi-4 March PTI Workers Injured After PML-N Allegedly Attacked Azadi March] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104025401/http://video.dunyanews.tv/index.php/en/mustwatch/6841/Gujranwala%3A-4-PTI-workers-injured-after-PML-N-allegedly-attacked-Azadi-4 |date=4 January 2015 }} 15 August 2014; ''Dunya News'' . Retrieved 16 August 2014</ref> Khan entered into an agreement with the Sharif administration to establish a three-member high-powered judicial commission which would be formed under a presidential ordinance. The commission would make its final report public. If the commission found a country-wide pattern of rigging proved, the prime minister would dissolve the national and provincial assemblies in terms of the articles 58(1) and 112(1) of the Constitution – thereby meaning that the premier would also appoint the caretaker setup in consultation with the leader of the opposition and fresh elections would be held.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2015/03/23/national/pti-pml-n-come-together-in-national-interest/|title=PTI, PML-N come together in 'national interest'|work=pakistantoday.com.pk|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2015/03/23/national/pti-pml-n-come-together-in-national-interest/|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> He also met [[Syed Mustafa Kamal]], when he was in the opposition. | ||
==2018 general election== | |||
=== 2018 elections campaign === | === 2018 elections campaign === | ||
{{Main|2018 Pakistani general election}} | {{Main|2018 Pakistani general election}} | ||
[[File:Imran Khan Arif Alvi.jpg|thumb|Khan holding a media press with [[Arif Alvi]] during 2018 electoral campaign]] | [[File:Imran Khan Arif Alvi.jpg|thumb|Khan holding a media press with [[Arif Alvi]] during 2018 electoral campaign]] | ||
Imran Khan contested the [[2018 Pakistani general election|general election]] from [[NA-35 (Bannu)]], [[NA-53 (Islamabad-II)]], [[NA-95 (Mianwali-I)]], [[NA-131 (Lahore-IX)]], and [[NA-243 (Karachi East-II)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/04-Jun-2018/pti-finalises-85-na-candidates-of-punjab|title=PTI finalises 85 NA candidates of Punjab|date=4 June 2018|website=nation.com.pk|access-date=5 June 2018}}</ref> According to early, official results, Khan led the poll, although his opposition, mainly PML-N, alleged large-scale vote rigging and administrative malpractices.<ref>{{cite news |work=BBC News |title=Ex-cricketer Khan leads Pakistan elections in early counting |date=26 July 2018 |access-date=27 July 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-44961193}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Gannon |first=Kathy |publisher=TIME Magazine |title=Unofficial Results in Pakistan's Election Show Lead For Imran Khan, But Opponents Allege Fraud |date=26 July 2018 |access-date=26 July 2018 |url=http://time.com/5349389/pakistan-election-imran-khan-lead-fraud/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729214550/http://time.com/5349389/pakistan-election-imran-khan-lead-fraud/|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Shah |first=Saeed |publisher=Wall Street Journal |title=Ex-Cricket Star Imran Khan Headed for Pakistan Election Victory |date=25 July 2018 |access-date=26 July 2018 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ex-cricket-star-imran-khan-headed-for-pakistan-election-victory-1532554443}}</ref> On 27 July, election officials declared that Khan's party had won 110 of the 269 seats,<ref name="PTIleads">{{Cite news|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/205011-imran-khans-pti-wins-110-of-251-na-seats?5b5aaea4ec950|title=ECP declares results of 251 of 270 NA seats; Imran Khan's PTI leads with 110|date=27 July 2018|work=Geo News|access-date=27 July 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> giving PTI a plurality in the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/imran-khan-wins-pakistan-general-election-but-needs-to-form-coalition-government-a3897541.html|title=Imran Khan wins Pakistan general election but needs to form coalition|last=Morrison|first=Sean|date=27 July 2018|work=[[London Evening Standard]]|access-date=27 July 2018|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727085041/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/imran-khan-wins-pakistan-general-election-but-needs-to-form-coalition-government-a3897541.html|archive-date=27 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> At the conclusion of the count on 28 July, the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]] (ECP) announced that the PTI had won a total of 116 of the 270 seats contested. Khan became the first person in the history of [[Pakistan elections|Pakistan general elections]] who contested and won in all five constituencies, surpassing [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] who contested in four but won in three constituencies in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/449748-Pakistan-Election-2018-result-Imran-Khan-win-constituencies-PTI|title=Election 2018 results: Imran clean sweeps all five constituencies|date=26 July 2018|website=Dunya News|access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://epaper.brecorder.com/2018/07/27/1-page/729916-news.html|title=Imran makes history by winning 5 NA seats|date=27 July 2018|website=Business Recorder|access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref> | Imran Khan contested the [[2018 Pakistani general election|general election]] from [[NA-35 (Bannu)]], [[NA-53 (Islamabad-II)]], [[NA-95 (Mianwali-I)]], [[NA-131 (Lahore-IX)]], and [[NA-243 (Karachi East-II)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/04-Jun-2018/pti-finalises-85-na-candidates-of-punjab|title=PTI finalises 85 NA candidates of Punjab|date=4 June 2018|website=nation.com.pk|access-date=5 June 2018}}</ref> According to early, official results, Khan led the poll, although his opposition, mainly PML-N, alleged large-scale vote rigging and administrative malpractices.<ref>{{cite news |work=BBC News |title=Ex-cricketer Khan leads Pakistan elections in early counting |date=26 July 2018 |access-date=27 July 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-44961193}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Gannon |first=Kathy |publisher=TIME Magazine |title=Unofficial Results in Pakistan's Election Show Lead For Imran Khan, But Opponents Allege Fraud |date=26 July 2018 |access-date=26 July 2018 |url=http://time.com/5349389/pakistan-election-imran-khan-lead-fraud/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729214550/http://time.com/5349389/pakistan-election-imran-khan-lead-fraud/|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Shah |first=Saeed |publisher=Wall Street Journal |title=Ex-Cricket Star Imran Khan Headed for Pakistan Election Victory |date=25 July 2018 |access-date=26 July 2018 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ex-cricket-star-imran-khan-headed-for-pakistan-election-victory-1532554443}}</ref> On 27 July, election officials declared that Khan's party had won 110 of the 269 seats,<ref name="PTIleads">{{Cite news|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/205011-imran-khans-pti-wins-110-of-251-na-seats?5b5aaea4ec950|title=ECP declares results of 251 of 270 NA seats; Imran Khan's PTI leads with 110|date=27 July 2018|work=Geo News|access-date=27 July 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> giving PTI a plurality in the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/imran-khan-wins-pakistan-general-election-but-needs-to-form-coalition-government-a3897541.html|title=Imran Khan wins Pakistan general election but needs to form coalition|last=Morrison|first=Sean|date=27 July 2018|work=[[London Evening Standard]]|access-date=27 July 2018|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727085041/https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/imran-khan-wins-pakistan-general-election-but-needs-to-form-coalition-government-a3897541.html|archive-date=27 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=25 December 2011 |title=Voting positions: PTI won more popular votes than PPP |work=Express Tribune |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/552650/voting-positions-pti-won-more-popular-votes-than-ppp/ |url-status=live |access-date=25 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607061535/http://tribune.com.pk/story/552650/voting-positions-pti-won-more-popular-votes-than-ppp/ |archive-date=7 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="resignation" /> At the conclusion of the count on 28 July, the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]] (ECP) announced that the PTI had won a total of 116 of the 270 seats contested. Khan became the first person in the history of [[Pakistan elections|Pakistan general elections]] who contested and won in all five constituencies, surpassing [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] who contested in four but won in three constituencies in 1970.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/449748-Pakistan-Election-2018-result-Imran-Khan-win-constituencies-PTI|title=Election 2018 results: Imran clean sweeps all five constituencies|date=26 July 2018|website=Dunya News|access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://epaper.brecorder.com/2018/07/27/1-page/729916-news.html|title=Imran makes history by winning 5 NA seats|date=27 July 2018|website=Business Recorder|access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref> | ||
In May 2018, Khan's party announced a 100-day agenda for a possible future government. The agenda included sweeping reforms in almost all areas of government including creation of a new province in [[Saraikistan|Southern Punjab]], fast tracking of merger of [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]] into [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], betterment of law and order situation in [[Karachi]], and betterment of relations with Baloch political leaders.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1409003|title=Imran unveils ambitious agenda for first 100 days of govt|last=Wasim|first=Amir|date=21 May 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://nation.com.pk/21-May-2018/pti-unveils-first-100-days-action-plan|title=PTI unveils 'first 100 days' action plan|date=21 May 2018|work=The Nation|access-date=20 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/242790/pti-unveils-agenda-for-first-100-days-in-power/|title=PTI unveils agenda for first 100 days in power – Daily Times|date=21 May 2018|work=Daily Times|access-date=20 August 2018}}</ref> | In May 2018, Khan's party announced a 100-day agenda for a possible future government. The agenda included sweeping reforms in almost all areas of government including creation of a new province in [[Saraikistan|Southern Punjab]], fast tracking of merger of [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas]] into [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], betterment of law and order situation in [[Karachi]], and betterment of relations with Baloch political leaders.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1409003|title=Imran unveils ambitious agenda for first 100 days of govt|last=Wasim|first=Amir|date=21 May 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://nation.com.pk/21-May-2018/pti-unveils-first-100-days-action-plan|title=PTI unveils 'first 100 days' action plan|date=21 May 2018|work=The Nation|access-date=20 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/242790/pti-unveils-agenda-for-first-100-days-in-power/|title=PTI unveils agenda for first 100 days in power – Daily Times|date=21 May 2018|work=Daily Times|access-date=20 August 2018}}</ref> | ||
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On 6 August 2018, PTI officially nominated him as the candidate for prime minister.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/amp/206277|title=PTI formally nominates Imran Khan as prime minister candidate|website=Geo.tv|date=6 August 2018|access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref> Delivering a speech during his nomination, he said that he will present himself for public accountability for an hour every week in which he will answer questions put forward by masses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/amp/351449-imran-khan-to|title=Imran Khan to have 'one hour of accountability' every week to answer public's questions|website=Thenews.com.pk|date=6 August 2018|access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref> | On 6 August 2018, PTI officially nominated him as the candidate for prime minister.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/amp/206277|title=PTI formally nominates Imran Khan as prime minister candidate|website=Geo.tv|date=6 August 2018|access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref> Delivering a speech during his nomination, he said that he will present himself for public accountability for an hour every week in which he will answer questions put forward by masses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/amp/351449-imran-khan-to|title=Imran Khan to have 'one hour of accountability' every week to answer public's questions|website=Thenews.com.pk|date=6 August 2018|access-date=7 August 2018}}</ref> | ||
After the election, Khan made some appointments and nominations for national and provincial level public office holders as the head of the winning party. [[Asad Umar]] was designated finance minister in the future government of Khan in the center.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofislamabad.com/04-Aug-2018/in-a-surprise-pti-finance-minister-designate-asad-umer-hits-out-at-america|title=In a surprise, PTI Finance Minister designate Asad Umer hits out at America|date=4 August 2018|website=timesofislamabad.com|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> Khan nominated [[Imran Ismail]] for [[Governor of Sindh]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/351433-imran-khan-decides-to-appoint-imran-ismail-as-sindh-governor|title=Imran Khan decides to appoint Imran Ismail as Sindh Governor|website=thenews.com.pk|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> [[Mahmood Khan]] as future [[Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1776208/1-imran-nominates-ex-sports-minister-mehmood-khan-k-p-cm-post/|title=PTI chief nominates ex-sports minister Mehmood Khan for K–P CM post – The Express Tribune|date=8 August 2018|website=tribune.com.pk|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> [[Mohammad Sarwar (politician)|Chaudhry Muhammad Sarwar]] as [[Governor of Punjab, Pakistan|Governor of Punjab]], [[Asad Qaiser]] as [[Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1426175|title=PTI nominates Asad Qaiser for NA speaker, Chaudhry Sarwar for Punjab governor|date=10 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> and [[Shah Farman]] as [[Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/206980-imran-decides-to-appoint-shah-farman-governor-kp-sources|title=Imran decides to appoint Shah Farman as KP governor: sources|website=geo.tv|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> In Balochistan, his party decided to support [[Balochistan Awami Party]] which nominated [[Jam Kamal Khan]] for chief minister and former chief minister [[Abdul Quddus Bizenjo]] for speaker.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/10-Aug-2018/jam-kamal-named-balochistan-cm|title=Jam Kamal named Balochistan CM|date=10 August 2018|website=nation.com.pk|access-date=12 August 2018}}</ref> His party nominated [[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)]] leader and former [[Deputy Prime Minister of Pakistan]], [[Pervaiz Elahi]] for the slot of Speaker of the Punjab Assembly.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paktribune.com/news/Pervaiz-Elahi-nominated-as-Punjab-Assembly-speaker-281208.html|title=Pervaiz Elahi nominated as Punjab Assembly speaker|website=Paktribune|access-date=12 August 2018}}</ref> [[Abdul Razak Dawood]] was nominated to be the advisor to prime minister on economic affairs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/amp/1426553|title=PTI chief picks economy aide as team takes shape|first=Syed Irfan|last=Raza|date=12 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref> [[Qasim Khan Suri]] was nominated for deputy speaker of national assembly slot.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/452465-PTI-nominates-Qasim-Suri-for-NA-Deputy-Speaker-slot|title=PTI nominates Qasim Suri for NA Deputy Speaker slot|website=dunyanews.tv|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> [[Mushtaq Ahmed Ghani]] and [[Mehmood Jan]] were nominated as speaker and deputy speaker of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa assembly respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1780020/1-pti-names-mushtaq-ghani-speaker-mehmood-jan-deputy-speaker-k-p-assembly/|title=PTI names Mushtaq Ghani for speaker, Mehmood Jan deputy speaker in K–P Assembly – The Express Tribune|date=13 August 2018|website=tribune.com.pk|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> [[Dost Muhammad Mazari]] was nominated as Deputy Speaker for the Provincial Assembly of Punjab. Khan nominated [[Sardar Usman Buzdar]] for [[Chief Minister of Punjab, Pakistan|Chief Minister of Punjab]]. Announcing the nomination, Khan said that he chose Buzdar because he belongs to the most backward area of Punjab.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geo.tv/amp/207826|title=Imran nominates Sardar Usman Buzdar as CM Punjab|website=Geo.tv|date=17 August 2018|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> According to some sources, Buzdar was nominated as a makeshift arrangement because it will be easier to remove a lesser-known individual when [[Shah Mahmood Qureshi]] is ready to become chief minister.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/08/17/pti-nominates-sardar-usman-ahmad-khan-buzdar-for-punjab-cm-slot/amp/|title=PTI nominates Sardar Usman Ahmad Khan Buzdar for Punjab CM slot – Pakistan Today|website=Pakistantoday.com.pk|access-date=18 August 2018 | After the election, Khan made some appointments and nominations for national and provincial level public office holders as the head of the winning party. [[Asad Umar]] was designated finance minister in the future government of Khan in the center.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofislamabad.com/04-Aug-2018/in-a-surprise-pti-finance-minister-designate-asad-umer-hits-out-at-america|title=In a surprise, PTI Finance Minister designate Asad Umer hits out at America|date=4 August 2018|website=timesofislamabad.com|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> Khan nominated [[Imran Ismail]] for [[Governor of Sindh]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/351433-imran-khan-decides-to-appoint-imran-ismail-as-sindh-governor|title=Imran Khan decides to appoint Imran Ismail as Sindh Governor|website=thenews.com.pk|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> [[Mahmood Khan]] as future [[Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1776208/1-imran-nominates-ex-sports-minister-mehmood-khan-k-p-cm-post/|title=PTI chief nominates ex-sports minister Mehmood Khan for K–P CM post – The Express Tribune|date=8 August 2018|website=tribune.com.pk|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> [[Mohammad Sarwar (politician)|Chaudhry Muhammad Sarwar]] as [[Governor of Punjab, Pakistan|Governor of Punjab]], [[Asad Qaiser]] as [[Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1426175|title=PTI nominates Asad Qaiser for NA speaker, Chaudhry Sarwar for Punjab governor|date=10 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> and [[Shah Farman]] as [[Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/206980-imran-decides-to-appoint-shah-farman-governor-kp-sources|title=Imran decides to appoint Shah Farman as KP governor: sources|website=geo.tv|access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> In Balochistan, his party decided to support [[Balochistan Awami Party]] which nominated [[Jam Kamal Khan]] for chief minister and former chief minister [[Abdul Quddus Bizenjo]] for speaker.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/10-Aug-2018/jam-kamal-named-balochistan-cm|title=Jam Kamal named Balochistan CM|date=10 August 2018|website=nation.com.pk|access-date=12 August 2018}}</ref> His party nominated [[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)]] leader and former [[Deputy Prime Minister of Pakistan]], [[Pervaiz Elahi]] for the slot of Speaker of the Punjab Assembly.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paktribune.com/news/Pervaiz-Elahi-nominated-as-Punjab-Assembly-speaker-281208.html|title=Pervaiz Elahi nominated as Punjab Assembly speaker|website=Paktribune|access-date=12 August 2018}}</ref> [[Abdul Razak Dawood]] was nominated to be the advisor to prime minister on economic affairs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/amp/1426553|title=PTI chief picks economy aide as team takes shape|first=Syed Irfan|last=Raza|date=12 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref> [[Qasim Khan Suri]] was nominated for deputy speaker of national assembly slot.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/452465-PTI-nominates-Qasim-Suri-for-NA-Deputy-Speaker-slot|title=PTI nominates Qasim Suri for NA Deputy Speaker slot|website=dunyanews.tv|date=14 February 2008 |access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> [[Mushtaq Ahmed Ghani]] and [[Mehmood Jan]] were nominated as speaker and deputy speaker of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa assembly respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1780020/1-pti-names-mushtaq-ghani-speaker-mehmood-jan-deputy-speaker-k-p-assembly/|title=PTI names Mushtaq Ghani for speaker, Mehmood Jan deputy speaker in K–P Assembly – The Express Tribune|date=13 August 2018|website=tribune.com.pk|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> [[Dost Muhammad Mazari]] was nominated as Deputy Speaker for the Provincial Assembly of Punjab. Khan nominated [[Sardar Usman Buzdar]] for [[Chief Minister of Punjab, Pakistan|Chief Minister of Punjab]]. Announcing the nomination, Khan said that he chose Buzdar because he belongs to the most backward area of Punjab.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geo.tv/amp/207826|title=Imran nominates Sardar Usman Buzdar as CM Punjab|website=Geo.tv|date=17 August 2018|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> According to some sources, Buzdar was nominated as a makeshift arrangement because it will be easier to remove a lesser-known individual when [[Shah Mahmood Qureshi]] is ready to become chief minister.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/08/17/pti-nominates-sardar-usman-ahmad-khan-buzdar-for-punjab-cm-slot/amp/|title=PTI nominates Sardar Usman Ahmad Khan Buzdar for Punjab CM slot – Pakistan Today|website=Pakistantoday.com.pk|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> | ||
== Prime Minister of Pakistan == | == Prime Minister of Pakistan == | ||
{{unbalanced section|date=August 2021}} | {{unbalanced section|date=August 2021}} | ||
[[File:President Trump Meets with the Prime Minister of Pakistan (48350243921).jpg|thumb|Khan with US President [[Donald Trump]] and First Lady [[Melania Trump]] at the [[White House]] in July 2019]]{{Main|Premiership of Imran Khan}} | |||
=== First 100 days === | === First 100 days === | ||
On 17 August 2018, Khan secured 176 votes and became [[List of Prime Ministers of Pakistan|22nd]] [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] and took [[Swearing-in ceremony of Imran Khan|oath of office]] on 18 August 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/207654-imran-khan-elected-prime-minister-pakistan|title=PTI chief Imran Khan elected prime minister of Pakistan|work=[[Geo News]]|date=17 August 2018|access-date=17 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/amp/1427560|title=Prime Minister Imran Khan: PTI chairman sworn in as 22nd premier of Pakistan|first=Nadir|last=Guramani|date=18 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> Khan ordered top level reshuffling in the country's bureaucracy, including the appointment of [[Sohail Mahmood]] as [[Foreign Secretary of Pakistan|Foreign Secretary]], [[Rizwan Ahmed (civil servant)|Rizwan Ahmed]] as [[Maritime Secretary of Pakistan|Maritime Secretary]] and [[Naveed Kamran Baloch]] as [[Finance Secretary of Pakistan|Finance Secretary]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1473045|title=High Commissioner to India Sohail Mahmood appointed new foreign secretary|date=31 March 2019|website=dawn.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribune.com.pk/story/1790079/2-rid-fbr-corruption-jahanzeb-khan-appointed-chairman/?amp=1|title=To rid FBR of corruption, Jahanzeb Khan appointed chairman – The Express Tribune|website=Tribune.com.pk|date=28 August 2018}}</ref> His first major appointment in the [[Pakistan Army]] was that of Lieutenant General [[Asim Munir (general)|Asim Munir]] to the key slot of [[Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1822407/1-lt-gen-asim-munir-appointed-dg-isi/?amp=1|title=Lt Gen Asim Munir named as new ISI chief | The Express Tribune|date=10 October 2018|website=tribune.com.pk}}</ref> | |||
On 17 August 2018, Khan secured 176 votes and became [[List of Prime Ministers of Pakistan|22nd]] [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] and took [[Swearing-in ceremony of Imran Khan|oath of office]] on 18 August 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/207654-imran-khan-elected-prime-minister-pakistan|title=PTI chief Imran Khan elected prime minister of Pakistan|work=[[Geo News]]|date=17 August 2018|access-date=17 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/amp/1427560|title=Prime Minister Imran Khan: PTI chairman sworn in as 22nd premier of Pakistan|first=Nadir|last=Guramani|date=18 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> Khan ordered top level reshuffling in the country's bureaucracy, including the appointment of [[Sohail Mahmood]] as [[Foreign Secretary of Pakistan|Foreign Secretary]], [[Rizwan Ahmed (civil servant)|Rizwan Ahmed]] as [[Maritime Secretary of Pakistan|Maritime Secretary]] and [[Naveed Kamran Baloch]] as [[Finance Secretary of Pakistan|Finance Secretary]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1473045|title=High Commissioner to India Sohail Mahmood appointed new foreign secretary|date=31 March 2019|website=dawn.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribune.com.pk/story/1790079/2-rid-fbr-corruption-jahanzeb-khan-appointed-chairman/?amp=1|title=To rid FBR of corruption, Jahanzeb Khan appointed chairman – The Express Tribune|website=Tribune.com.pk|date=28 August 2018}}</ref> His first major appointment in the [[Pakistan Army]] was that of Lieutenant General [[Asim Munir ( | |||
Khan announced his [[Khan ministry|cabinet]] soon after taking oath, choosing to keep the [[Ministry of Interior (Pakistan)|Ministry of Interior]] to himself.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dailypakistan.com.pk/18-Aug-2018/833212 |title=عمران خان کی وفاقی کابینہ کل حلف اٹھائے گی،اسد عمر |publisher=Dailypakistan.com.pk |language=ur |date=18 August 2018 |access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> Though he later appointed [[Ijaz Ahmed Shah]] as interior minister.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1476955|title=Profile: Ijaz Shah — Imran Khan's new Interior Minister|first=Baqir Sajjad|last=Syed|date=18 April 2019|website=dawn.com}}</ref> Many of his appointees were previously ministers during Musharraf era, although some were defectors from the left-wing People's Party.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/08/18/pm-imran-khans-first-cabinet-anything-but-naya-pakistan/amp/|title=PM Imran Khan's first cabinet anything but 'Naya Pakistan' – Pakistan Today|website=Pakistantoday.com.pk|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/amp/1427792|title=PM Imran Khan finalises names of 21-member cabinet|date=18 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> In 2019 Khan committed to a major cabinet reshuffle in the ministries of interior, finance, information and planning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/government/2019/04/pm-house-announces-major-cabinet-reshuffle/|title=PM House announces major cabinet reshuffle |website=Samaa TV|date=18 April 2019 }}</ref> | Khan announced his [[Khan ministry|cabinet]] soon after taking oath, choosing to keep the [[Ministry of Interior (Pakistan)|Ministry of Interior]] to himself.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dailypakistan.com.pk/18-Aug-2018/833212 |title=عمران خان کی وفاقی کابینہ کل حلف اٹھائے گی،اسد عمر |publisher=Dailypakistan.com.pk |language=ur |date=18 August 2018 |access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> Though he later appointed [[Ijaz Ahmed Shah]] as interior minister.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1476955|title=Profile: Ijaz Shah — Imran Khan's new Interior Minister|first=Baqir Sajjad|last=Syed|date=18 April 2019|website=dawn.com}}</ref> Many of his appointees were previously ministers during Musharraf era, although some were defectors from the left-wing People's Party.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/08/18/pm-imran-khans-first-cabinet-anything-but-naya-pakistan/amp/|title=PM Imran Khan's first cabinet anything but 'Naya Pakistan' – Pakistan Today|website=Pakistantoday.com.pk|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/amp/1427792|title=PM Imran Khan finalises names of 21-member cabinet|date=18 August 2018|website=dawn.com|access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref> In 2019 Khan committed to a major cabinet reshuffle in the ministries of interior, finance, information and planning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/government/2019/04/pm-house-announces-major-cabinet-reshuffle/|title=PM House announces major cabinet reshuffle |website=Samaa TV|date=18 April 2019 }}</ref> | ||
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Khan stated that despite the [[Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi|assassination]] of Saudi journalist [[Jamal Khashoggi]], Pakistan must prioritize good relations with [[Saudi Arabia]] due to an economic crisis. He also added that [[U.S. sanctions against Iran]] are affecting neighboring Pakistan, stating "The last thing the Muslim World needs is another conflict. The Trump administration is moving towards that direction."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/imran-khan-pakistan-khashoggi-iran-saudi-arabia-syria-764307301 |title=Imran Khan: Pakistan cannot afford to snub Saudis over Khashoggi killing |first1=Jonathan |last1=Steele |first2=Peter |last2=Oborne |date=22 October 2018 |work=[[Middle East Eye]]}} (updated 8 November 2018).</ref> Khan has prioritised close ties with [[People's Republic of China|China]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Where Do China-Pakistan Ties Go in the Age of Imran Khan? |url=https://thediplomat.com/2018/08/where-do-china-pakistan-ties-go-in-the-age-of-imran-khan/ |work=The Diplomat |date=14 August 2018}}</ref> saying he "did not know" much about [[Xinjiang re-education camps|concentration camps]] for China's [[Islam in China|Muslims]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Saudi crown prince defends China's right to put Uighur Muslims in concentration camps |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/02/22/saudi-crown-prince-defends-chinas-right-put-uighur-muslims-concentration/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/02/22/saudi-crown-prince-defends-chinas-right-put-uighur-muslims-concentration/ |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=22 February 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Though Khan confirmed he had raised the matter "privately" in discussions with China.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dw.com/en/exclusive-pakistani-pm-imran-khan-says-escalation-of-iran-conflict-would-be-disastrous/a-52021938|title=Exclusive: Pakistani PM Imran Khan says escalation of Iran conflict would be 'disastrous'|date=16 January 2020|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref> | Khan stated that despite the [[Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi|assassination]] of Saudi journalist [[Jamal Khashoggi]], Pakistan must prioritize good relations with [[Saudi Arabia]] due to an economic crisis. He also added that [[U.S. sanctions against Iran]] are affecting neighboring Pakistan, stating "The last thing the Muslim World needs is another conflict. The Trump administration is moving towards that direction."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/imran-khan-pakistan-khashoggi-iran-saudi-arabia-syria-764307301 |title=Imran Khan: Pakistan cannot afford to snub Saudis over Khashoggi killing |first1=Jonathan |last1=Steele |first2=Peter |last2=Oborne |date=22 October 2018 |work=[[Middle East Eye]]}} (updated 8 November 2018).</ref> Khan has prioritised close ties with [[People's Republic of China|China]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Where Do China-Pakistan Ties Go in the Age of Imran Khan? |url=https://thediplomat.com/2018/08/where-do-china-pakistan-ties-go-in-the-age-of-imran-khan/ |work=The Diplomat |date=14 August 2018}}</ref> saying he "did not know" much about [[Xinjiang re-education camps|concentration camps]] for China's [[Islam in China|Muslims]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Saudi crown prince defends China's right to put Uighur Muslims in concentration camps |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/02/22/saudi-crown-prince-defends-chinas-right-put-uighur-muslims-concentration/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/02/22/saudi-crown-prince-defends-chinas-right-put-uighur-muslims-concentration/ |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=22 February 2019}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Though Khan confirmed he had raised the matter "privately" in discussions with China.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dw.com/en/exclusive-pakistani-pm-imran-khan-says-escalation-of-iran-conflict-would-be-disastrous/a-52021938|title=Exclusive: Pakistani PM Imran Khan says escalation of Iran conflict would be 'disastrous'|date=16 January 2020|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref> | ||
Khan was named one of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine's [[Time 100|100 Most Influential People]] of 2019.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Imran Khan: The 100 Most Influential People of 2019 |url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567764/imran-khan/ |magazine=Time |language=en-us |access-date=22 September 2020}}</ref> | Khan was named one of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine's [[Time 100|100 Most Influential People]] of 2019, in the section "''Leaders''".<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Imran Khan: The 100 Most Influential People of 2019 |url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567764/imran-khan/ |magazine=Time |language=en-us |access-date=22 September 2020}}</ref> | ||
=== Economic policy === | === Economic policy === | ||
In domestic economic policy, Khan inherited a twin [[balance of payments|balance of payments and debt crisis]] with a large current account deficit and fiscal deficit in 2018, Khan's government sought a bailout from the IMF.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8b64d9f6-9e24-11e9-9c06-a4640c9feebb |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/8b64d9f6-9e24-11e9-9c06-a4640c9feebb |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |title=IMF approves $6bn Pakistan bailout package after austerity budget |website=[[Financial Times]]|date=4 July 2019 |last1=Findlay |first1=Stephanie }}</ref> In exchange for the bailout, Khan's government slashed subsidy spending in the energy sector and unveiled an austerity budget to curb the fiscal deficit and limit government borrowing.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/ee1e2aa6-8c69-11e9-a24d-b42f641eca37 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/ee1e2aa6-8c69-11e9-a24d-b42f641eca37 |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Pakistan unveils austerity budget in bid to secure IMF loan |website=[[Financial Times]]|date=11 June 2019 |last1=Bokhari |first1=Farhan }}</ref> Also, the IMF demanded that the Pakistani government depreciate the rupee, and improve tax collection. Khan's government decided to raise import tariffs to collect higher tax revenues and devalued the currency, this alongside the heavy import duty helped to curtail the current account deficit (see [[import substitution]]).<ref name="raremove"/> Pakistan's overall balance of payment's position improved significantly following record-high remittances in 2020, which stabilised the central bank's foreign exchange reserves.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/local/pakistan-receives-record-231b-remittances-|title=Pakistan receives record $23.1 billion remittances|first=Waheed|last=Abbas|website=Khaleej Times}}</ref> The fiscal deficit narrowed to less than 1% of GDP by 2020 due to the government's austerity policies.<ref name="deficitimproves">{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2265491/pakistans-budget-deficit-improves-to-rs440b|title=Pakistan's budget deficit improves to Rs440b|date=24 September 2020|website=The Express Tribune|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> | In domestic economic policy, Khan inherited a twin [[balance of payments|balance of payments and debt crisis]] with a large current account deficit and fiscal deficit in 2018, Khan's government sought a bailout from the IMF.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8b64d9f6-9e24-11e9-9c06-a4640c9feebb |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/8b64d9f6-9e24-11e9-9c06-a4640c9feebb |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |title=IMF approves $6bn Pakistan bailout package after austerity budget |website=[[Financial Times]]|date=4 July 2019 |last1=Findlay |first1=Stephanie }}</ref> In exchange for the bailout, Khan's government slashed subsidy spending in the energy sector and unveiled an austerity budget to curb the fiscal deficit and limit government borrowing.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/ee1e2aa6-8c69-11e9-a24d-b42f641eca37 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/ee1e2aa6-8c69-11e9-a24d-b42f641eca37 |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Pakistan unveils austerity budget in bid to secure IMF loan |website=[[Financial Times]]|date=11 June 2019 |last1=Bokhari |first1=Farhan }}</ref> Also, the IMF demanded that the Pakistani government depreciate the rupee, and improve tax collection. Khan's government decided to raise import tariffs to collect higher tax revenues and devalued the currency, this alongside the heavy import duty helped to curtail the current account deficit (see [[import substitution]]).<ref name="raremove"/> Pakistan's overall balance of payment's position improved significantly following record-high remittances in 2020, which stabilised the central bank's foreign exchange reserves.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/local/pakistan-receives-record-231b-remittances-|title=Pakistan receives record $23.1 billion remittances|first=Waheed|last=Abbas|website=Khaleej Times}}</ref> The fiscal deficit narrowed to less than 1% of GDP by 2020 due to the government's austerity policies.<ref name="deficitimproves">{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2265491/pakistans-budget-deficit-improves-to-rs440b|title=Pakistan's budget deficit improves to Rs440b|date=24 September 2020|website=The Express Tribune|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> | ||
Thus the rate of debt accumulation had significantly slowed, but Pakistan's debt remained high due to the high borrowing of previous governments in which the current government had to allocate $24 billion to pay off loans taken during the tenure of previous governments.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/40022495|title=Debt repayment, servicing for past loans: PTI government had to borrow $24 billion, MoF tells cabinet|first=Zaheer|last=Abbasi|date=30 September 2020|website=Brecorder|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> | Thus the rate of debt accumulation had significantly slowed, but Pakistan's debt remained high due to the high borrowing of previous governments in which the current government had to allocate $24 billion to pay off loans taken during the tenure of previous governments.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/40022495|title=Debt repayment, servicing for past loans: PTI government had to borrow $24 billion, MoF tells cabinet|first=Zaheer|last=Abbasi|date=30 September 2020|website=Brecorder|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Kaptaan Khan's slog from sports icon to Pakistan's likely new leader |work=[[Dunya News]] |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/449844-Kaptaan-Khans-slog-from-sports-icon-to-Pakistans-likely-new-leader |access-date=3 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Imran Khan: Forever the Kaptaan |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sporting/cricket/imran-khan-forever-the-kaptaan/article24520284.ece |access-date=3 August 2018}}</ref> | ||
Aside from IMF-mandated reforms, Khan's government introduced policies to improve the business operating climate. As a result, Pakistan climbed 28 places higher on the [[World Bank|World Bank's]] ease of doing business index. Pakistan ranked amongst the top 10 most improved countries in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2019/10/24/doing-business-2020-accelerated-business-climate-reform-agenda-puts-pakistan-among-top-10-improvers|title=Doing Business 2020: Accelerated Business Climate Reform Agenda Puts Pakistan Among Top 10 Improvers|website=World Bank|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> Pakistan's tax collection also hit record highs in 2019.<ref name="17pc3"/> As the government raised more revenue from domestic taxes with no increase in tax revenue from import taxes (given import compression had lowered the quantity being imported so the government collected less tax revenue from imports). This trend continued into 2020, albeit at a slower pace.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.samaa.tv/money/2020/05/fbr-tax-duty-collection-increases-by-10-4/|title=FBR tax, duty collection increases by 10.4% |website=Samaa TV|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> The fiscal deficit was also controlled to less than 1% of GDP in the second half of 2020, Pakistan recorded a primary surplus (excluding interest payment and principal repayment of previous debt), but was in deficit once the interest payment on debt was accounted for, albeit the deficit was smaller. Economists primarily pinned this reduction in the fiscal deficit on an increase in non-tax revenues rather than an increase in tax revenues. For example, from the higher prices, consumers paid for oil from state-owned oil companies.<ref name="deficitimproves" /> Nevertheless, tax revenues also went on an upward trajectory with Pakistan's tax agency (FBR) both exceeding its tax collection target and collecting a record amount for the first quarter of the fiscal year 2021 in the calendar year 2020.<ref name="FBRtrillion3"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2266399/fbr-achieves-first-quarter-tax-target|title=FBR achieves first quarter tax target|date=30 September 2020|website=The Express Tribune|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> | Aside from IMF-mandated reforms, Khan's government introduced policies to improve the business operating climate. As a result, Pakistan climbed 28 places higher on the [[World Bank|World Bank's]] ease of doing business index. Pakistan ranked amongst the top 10 most improved countries in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2019/10/24/doing-business-2020-accelerated-business-climate-reform-agenda-puts-pakistan-among-top-10-improvers|title=Doing Business 2020: Accelerated Business Climate Reform Agenda Puts Pakistan Among Top 10 Improvers|website=World Bank|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> Pakistan's tax collection also hit record highs in 2019.<ref name="17pc3"/> As the government raised more revenue from domestic taxes with no increase in tax revenue from import taxes (given import compression had lowered the quantity being imported so the government collected less tax revenue from imports). This trend continued into 2020, albeit at a slower pace.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.samaa.tv/money/2020/05/fbr-tax-duty-collection-increases-by-10-4/|title=FBR tax, duty collection increases by 10.4% |website=Samaa TV|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> The fiscal deficit was also controlled to less than 1% of GDP in the second half of 2020, Pakistan recorded a primary surplus (excluding interest payment and principal repayment of previous debt), but was in deficit once the interest payment on debt was accounted for, albeit the deficit was smaller. Economists primarily pinned this reduction in the fiscal deficit on an increase in non-tax revenues rather than an increase in tax revenues. For example, from the higher prices, consumers paid for oil from state-owned oil companies.<ref name="deficitimproves" /> Nevertheless, tax revenues also went on an upward trajectory with Pakistan's tax agency (FBR) both exceeding its tax collection target and collecting a record amount for the first quarter of the fiscal year 2021 in the calendar year 2020.<ref name="FBRtrillion3"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2266399/fbr-achieves-first-quarter-tax-target|title=FBR achieves first quarter tax target|date=30 September 2020|website=The Express Tribune|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> | ||
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In economic policy with respect to international trade, from January 2020 Khan's government implemented the second phase of the [[China–Pakistan Free Trade Agreement]] these renegotiations with China led to concessionary rates by China on Pakistani exports of goods and services to mainland China such as reduced tariffs or zero tariffs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/02-Jan-2020/second-phase-of-pakistan-china-free-trade-agreement-comes-into-effect|title=Second phase of Pakistan-China Free Trade Agreement comes into effect|date=2 January 2020|website=The Nation|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> The negotiations were termed a "significant milestone" in the country's foreign policy by expanding trade relations in a relationship traditionally dominated by defence and security matters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2266948/china-pak-ties-fta-ii-a-significant-milestone|title=China-Pak ties: FTA-II a significant milestone|date=4 October 2020|website=The Express Tribune|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> | In economic policy with respect to international trade, from January 2020 Khan's government implemented the second phase of the [[China–Pakistan Free Trade Agreement]] these renegotiations with China led to concessionary rates by China on Pakistani exports of goods and services to mainland China such as reduced tariffs or zero tariffs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/02-Jan-2020/second-phase-of-pakistan-china-free-trade-agreement-comes-into-effect|title=Second phase of Pakistan-China Free Trade Agreement comes into effect|date=2 January 2020|website=The Nation|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> The negotiations were termed a "significant milestone" in the country's foreign policy by expanding trade relations in a relationship traditionally dominated by defence and security matters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2266948/china-pak-ties-fta-ii-a-significant-milestone|title=China-Pak ties: FTA-II a significant milestone|date=4 October 2020|website=The Express Tribune|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> | ||
In June 2018 (before Khan | In June 2018 (before Khan became Prime Minister), the [[Financial Action Task Force|FATF]] placed [[Pakistan]] onto its grey list and demanded a series of actions be taken by Pakistan to remedy terror financing laws. Khan's government had initially used constitutional provisions of Presidential power held by [[Arif Alvi]] to issue ordinances (temporary legislation via Presidential decree)<ref>{{Cite web |title=No more chances of entering into FATF's blacklist for Pakistan |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Business/533221-No-more-chances-of-entering-into-FATF-blacklist-for-Pakistan |website=Dunya News|date=14 February 2008 }}</ref> and the country became compliant with 14 points on the FATF agenda.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2020 |title=Pakistan compliant on '14 FATF action points' |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2257208/pakistan-compliant-on-14-fatf-action-points |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> Subsequently, a series of bills were presented in [[Parliament of Pakistan|Pakistan's Parliament]] to ensure the legislation would permanently remain in place beyond a temporary Presidential decree. Minor parts of the legislation passed both the lower house and upper house of Pakistan's parliament with the support of Khan's ruling coalition and part of the opposition parties too.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Guramani |first1=Nadir |last2=Hussain |first2=Javed |date=30 July 2020 |title=Senate passes Anti-Terrorism Act, UNSC amendment bills |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1571968 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> However, the opposition-dominated Senate did not pass a significant portion of the FATF bills and walked out on crucial moments, creating hurdles for Khan's government.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Guramani |first=Nadir |date=16 September 2020 |title=Opposition blocks another FATF-related bill in Senate |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1579992 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=dawn.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first= Iftikhar A. |date=26 August 2020 |title=Opposition-ruled Senate rejects two FATF bills|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1576499|website=dawn.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Opposition stage walkout as 3 FATF-related bills get passed during joint parliament session |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/715712-joint-session-of-parliament-meets-today |website=The News International}}</ref> | ||
Subsequently, Khan summoned a joint session of both upper and lower house of parliament in which the bills passed given the government held a majority and without the support of the opposition.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Joint session of parliament passes crucial FATF related bills |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/564213-Joint-session-Parliament-approves-ICT-Waqf-Properties-Bill-FATF |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Dunya News|date=14 February 2008 }}</ref> By October 2020, Pakistan became successfully compliant on 21 out of 27 points on the FATF agenda, an increase from the 14 points in February 2020, with the remaining 6 points outstanding reviewed in February 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hussain |first=Fayaz |date=23 October 2020 |title='To remain on grey list': FATF urges Pakistan to complete action plan by Feb 2021 |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1586624 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> In FATF's February 2021 review, Khan's government had successfully implemented about 90% of the FATF agenda with 24 out of 27 points 'largely addressed' and the remaining 3 out of 27 points 'partially addressed'.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=FATF keeps Pakistan on grey list till June |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2286250/fatf-keeps-pakistan-on-grey-list-till-june |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> The FATF President remarked that as Pakistan was progressing with its action plan so it "is not the time to put a country on the blacklist".<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 February 2021 |title=FATF keeps Pakistan on grey list until June despite 'significant progress' |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1609329 |website=dawn.com |agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan won't be blacklisted citing significant progress: FATF |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/589904-Pakistan-wont-be-blacklisted-citing-significant-progress-FATF |website=Dunya News|date=14 February 2008 }}</ref> In FATF's June 2021 review, the Khan government implemented more progress, the FATF found that Pakistan has now largely addressed 26 out of the 27 action items, US State Department spokesperson [[Ned Price]] praised Pakistan's progress but encouraged Pakistan to tackle its remaining action item saying "We do recognise and we support Pakistan's continued efforts to satisfy those (first action plan) obligations. Pakistan has made significant progress on its first action plan with 26 of 27 action items largely addressed — We encourage Pakistan to continue working with the FATF and the international community to swiftly complete the remaining action item by demonstrating that terrorism financing, investigations and prosecutions target senior leaders and commanders of UN-designated groups," he said.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/us-tells-pakistan-to-swiftly-complete-27-point-action-plan-on-terror-work-with-fatf-2490567|title = US Tells Pakistan to "Swiftly Complete" 27-Point Action Plan on Terror|work=NDTV|date=20 July 2021|access-date=6 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/356551-with-compliance-on-26-points-no-justification-to-keep-pakistan-in-fatfs-grey-list-qureshi|title=With compliance on 26 points, no justification to keep Pakistan in FATF's grey list: Qureshi|website=www.geo.tv}}</ref> On 8 April 2022 the Khan government made progress on its remaining action plan by sentencing [[Hafiz Saeed]] a mastermind of the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]] and a UN-designated terrorist to 31 years in prison.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/pakistan-sentences-anti-india-militant-leader-31-years-83959012|title = Pakistan sentences anti-India militant leader to 31 years|website = [[ABC News]]}}</ref> | |||
Due to the efforts of [[Hammad Azhar]], Pakistan eventually made it out of the FATF greylist in October 2022.<ref>{{cite news |title=Proud of you: Former PM Imran hails FATF decision as accomplishment of Hammad Azhar-led committee |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1695294 |newspaper=Dawn}}</ref> | |||
=== Security and terrorism === | === Security and terrorism === | ||
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=== Social policy === | === Social policy === | ||
In social policy, Khan's government has taken steps to restore religious sites belonging to religious minorities <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/pakistan-returns-200-year-old-temple-to-sikhs-in-quetta-1.72757412|title=Pakistan returns 200-year-old temple to Sikhs in Quetta|website=gulfnews.com}}</ref> this included the [[Kartarpur Corridor]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1515830|title='This is the beginning': PM Imran inaugurates Kartarpur Corridor on a historic day|work=Dawn|first=Naveed|last=Siddiqui|date=9 November 2019}}</ref> Khan's government took a significantly different position on the policy of minorities than the main opposition party, the [[PML-N]], who had opposed the building of the corridor for Indian pilgrims.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1516197|title=PML-N opposes, PPP supports Kartarpur Corridor initiative in NA|date=12 November 2019|website=dawn.com}}</ref> | In social policy, Khan's government has taken steps to restore religious sites belonging to religious minorities <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/pakistan-returns-200-year-old-temple-to-sikhs-in-quetta-1.72757412|title=Pakistan returns 200-year-old temple to Sikhs in Quetta|website=gulfnews.com|date=23 July 2020 }}</ref> this included the [[Kartarpur Corridor]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1515830|title='This is the beginning': PM Imran inaugurates Kartarpur Corridor on a historic day|work=Dawn|first=Naveed|last=Siddiqui|date=9 November 2019}}</ref> Khan's government took a significantly different position on the policy of minorities than the main opposition party, the [[PML-N]], who had opposed the building of the corridor for Indian pilgrims.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1516197|title=PML-N opposes, PPP supports Kartarpur Corridor initiative in NA|date=12 November 2019|website=dawn.com}}</ref> | ||
Khan's government also instituted reforms to [[Education in Pakistan|education]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Raza |first=Syed Irfan |date=20 March 2020 |title=First phase of single national curriculum completed, says govt |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1542309 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> and [[Healthcare in Pakistan|healthcare]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sehat Insaf cards distributed among 7.2m families: CM |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/614747-sehat-insaf-cards-distributed-among-7-2m-families-cm |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Thenews.com.pk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2020 |title=PM Khan launches Sehat Sahulat Programme in KP |url=https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/08/20/pm-khan-launches-sehat-sahulat-programme-in-kp/ |access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> on a national and regional level respectively. | Khan's government also instituted reforms to [[Education in Pakistan|education]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Raza |first=Syed Irfan |date=20 March 2020 |title=First phase of single national curriculum completed, says govt |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1542309 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> and [[Healthcare in Pakistan|healthcare]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sehat Insaf cards distributed among 7.2m families: CM |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/614747-sehat-insaf-cards-distributed-among-7-2m-families-cm |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Thenews.com.pk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2020 |title=PM Khan launches Sehat Sahulat Programme in KP |url=https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/08/20/pm-khan-launches-sehat-sahulat-programme-in-kp/ |access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref> on a national and regional level respectively. | ||
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=== Environment and energy === | === Environment and energy === | ||
Khan pushed for an increase in [[Energy policy of Pakistan|renewable energy production]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2020 |title=Hydel electricity generation increased by 20pc in FY20 to highest ever level, says Asad Umar |url=https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/07/06/hydel-electricity-generation-increased-by-20pc-in-fy20-to-highest-ever-level-says-asad-umar/}}</ref> and [[Coal phase-out|halted coal power]] from future construction<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/south-central-asia_pakistan-decides-against-new-coal-fired-power/6199512.html|title=Pakistan Decides Against New Coal-fired Power|website=VOA}}</ref> working toward an aim to make Pakistan mostly renewable by 2030.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 July 2019 |title=Five Things Imran Khan Has Done to Improve Pakistan |url=https://www.cpicglobal.com/five-things-imran-khan-has-done-to-improve-pakistan/ |access-date=23 June 2020 |publisher=CPIC Global}}</ref> In 2020, Khan's government commenced building work for the [[Diamer-Bhasha Dam]], as part of his government's investment in [[Renewable energy in Pakistan|renewable energy]] projects.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2020 |title=Diamer-Bhasha Dam will benefit country economically, environmentally: PM Imran |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2254999/diamer-bhasha-dam-will-benefit-country-economically-environmentally-pm-imran |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> The World Bank loaned Pakistan $450mn for investment in renewable energy projects as part of the government's stated aim of making Pakistan a renewable-energy reliant economy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat [[Climate change in Pakistan|climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Ali |date=25 September 2020 |title=WB approves $450mn for Pakistan's renewable transition |url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/40021355 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Brecorder}}</ref> | Khan pushed for an increase in [[Energy policy of Pakistan|renewable energy production]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 July 2020 |title=Hydel electricity generation increased by 20pc in FY20 to highest ever level, says Asad Umar |url=https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/07/06/hydel-electricity-generation-increased-by-20pc-in-fy20-to-highest-ever-level-says-asad-umar/}}</ref> and [[Coal phase-out|halted coal power]] from future construction<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/south-central-asia_pakistan-decides-against-new-coal-fired-power/6199512.html|title=Pakistan Decides Against New Coal-fired Power|website=VOA|date=12 December 2020 }}</ref> working toward an aim to make Pakistan mostly renewable by 2030.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 July 2019 |title=Five Things Imran Khan Has Done to Improve Pakistan |url=https://www.cpicglobal.com/five-things-imran-khan-has-done-to-improve-pakistan/ |access-date=23 June 2020 |publisher=CPIC Global}}</ref> In 2020, Khan's government commenced building work for the [[Diamer-Bhasha Dam]], as part of his government's investment in [[Renewable energy in Pakistan|renewable energy]] projects.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2020 |title=Diamer-Bhasha Dam will benefit country economically, environmentally: PM Imran |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2254999/diamer-bhasha-dam-will-benefit-country-economically-environmentally-pm-imran |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> The World Bank loaned Pakistan $450mn for investment in renewable energy projects as part of the government's stated aim of making Pakistan a renewable-energy reliant economy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat [[Climate change in Pakistan|climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Ali |date=25 September 2020 |title=WB approves $450mn for Pakistan's renewable transition |url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/40021355 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Brecorder}}</ref> | ||
The government also introduced | The government also introduced an [[electric vehicle]] (EV) policy,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Rina Saeed |date=29 June 2020 |title=Pakistan launches electric vehicle plan with cars in slow lane |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-pakistan-transportation-electric-clim-idUSKBN2400BY |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=uk.reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Khizar |first=Ali |date=20 December 2020 |title=EV policy – nice and cautious start |url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/40042975 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=Brecorder.com}}</ref> the first in South Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan first South Asian country to have electric vehicles this year: Fawad |url=https://twnews.co.uk/pk-news/pakistan-first-south-asian-country-to-have-electric-vehicles-this-year-fawad |website=The World News |access-date=8 January 2021 |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109221806/https://twnews.co.uk/pk-news/pakistan-first-south-asian-country-to-have-electric-vehicles-this-year-fawad |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan first South Asian country to have electric vehicles this year: Fawad |url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/08/26/pakistan-first-south-asian-country-to-have-electric-vehicles-this-year-fawad/ |website=Pakistan Today}}</ref> | ||
Further efforts to [[Climate change mitigation|combat climate change]] consisted of [[Reforestation|re-foresting]] Pakistan with over 10 billion trees under the [[Plant for Pakistan]] project<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2020 |title=As a 'green stimulus' Pakistan sets virus-idled to work planting trees |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-pakistan-trees-fea-idUSKCN22A369 |website=reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2020 |title=A 10 Billion-Tree Plan Is Restoring Pakistan's Lost Forests |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-17/a-10-billion-tree-plan-is-restoring-pakistan-s-lost-forests |website=Bloomberg}}</ref> with the government on course to plant 3.3 billion trees in the first three and a half years of Khan's government, the reforestation programme includes an agreement with the UN [[Food and Agriculture Organization|Food and Agriculture Organisation]] (FAO), [[World Wide Fund for Nature|World Wildlife Fund]] (WWF) and others to independently monitor the projects in order to maintain transparency about funding.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan Plants 500 Million New Trees in Drive Against Climate Change | Voice of America – English |url=https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/pakistan-plants-500-million-new-trees-drive-against-climate-change |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=Voanews.com}}</ref> Khan also expanded [[List of national parks of Pakistan|national parks]] under a [[Protected areas of Pakistan|protected areas]] initiative.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2020 |title=PM Imran announces 15 national parks as part of 'Protective Areas Initiative' |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2252957/pm-imran-announces-15-national-parks-as-part-of-protective-areas-initiative |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> | Further efforts to [[Climate change mitigation|combat climate change]] consisted of [[Reforestation|re-foresting]] Pakistan with over 10 billion trees under the [[Plant for Pakistan]] project<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2020 |title=As a 'green stimulus' Pakistan sets virus-idled to work planting trees |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-pakistan-trees-fea-idUSKCN22A369 |website=reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2020 |title=A 10 Billion-Tree Plan Is Restoring Pakistan's Lost Forests |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-17/a-10-billion-tree-plan-is-restoring-pakistan-s-lost-forests |website=Bloomberg}}</ref> with the government on course to plant 3.3 billion trees in the first three and a half years of Khan's government, the reforestation programme includes an agreement with the UN [[Food and Agriculture Organization|Food and Agriculture Organisation]] (FAO), [[World Wide Fund for Nature|World Wildlife Fund]] (WWF) and others to independently monitor the projects in order to maintain transparency about funding.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan Plants 500 Million New Trees in Drive Against Climate Change | Voice of America – English |url=https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/pakistan-plants-500-million-new-trees-drive-against-climate-change |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=Voanews.com|date=6 October 2020 }}</ref> Khan also expanded [[List of national parks of Pakistan|national parks]] under a [[Protected areas of Pakistan|protected areas]] initiative.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2020 |title=PM Imran announces 15 national parks as part of 'Protective Areas Initiative' |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2252957/pm-imran-announces-15-national-parks-as-part-of-protective-areas-initiative |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> | ||
=== Governance and anti-corruption === | === Governance and anti-corruption === | ||
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Khan's government introduced reforms to Pakistan's bloated public sector.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 September 2020 |title=ECC grants Rs19.66 billion for golden handshake scheme for PSM employees |newspaper=[[The Nation]] |url=https://nation.com.pk/01-Oct-2020/ecc-grants-rs19-66-billion-for-golden-handshake-scheme-for-psm-employees |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2020 |title=ECC approves golden handshake plan for PSM employees: sources |url=https://arynews.tv/en/ecc-golden-handshake-psm-employees/}}</ref> The public sector consisted of state-owned enterprises that were consistently making losses and accumulating debt for decades, including national services such as railways, airlines, postal services as well as other state-owned companies such as Pakistan's state-owned steel company. In 2019, [[Pakistan International Airlines]] reached breakeven in operating profit<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 April 2019 |title=PIA reaches break-even in operating profit |newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]] |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1954858/2-pia-reaches-break-even-operating-profit |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref> however the halt in air travel in the following year due to [[COVID-19]] meant further reforms had to be made. This led to a proposal to cut the airline's workforce almost by half in order to save costs and thus help the state-owned airline breakeven on a net profit level in addition to the operating profit level.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 December 2020 |title=PIA finalises plan to lay off half of its employees |newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]] |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2276160/pia-finalises-plan-to-lay-off-half-of-its-employees |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref> The national airline confirmed it would layoff employees in phases<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asghar |first=Iftikhar A. Khan | Mohammad |date=1 January 2021 |title=2,000 employees have applied for voluntary separation: PIA |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1598986 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> as part of PIA's restructuring plan in line with the government's policy of reversing the losses at state-owned companies.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 December 2020 |title=PIA to completely shift to Islamabad by June |newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]] |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2276799/pia-to-completely-shift-to-islamabad-by-june |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref> Khan's government is set to axe many PIA workers due to the fact that those appointments were politically motivated to reward loyalty to previous governments.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 July 2020 |title=Teach like PTV, PIA & PSM crushed by past governments through political appointments: Shibli |newspaper=[[The Nation]] |url=https://nation.com.pk/23-Jul-2020/teach-like-ptv-pia-psm-crushed-by-past-governments-through-political-appointments-shibli |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Asghar |first=Mohammad |date=17 December 2020 |title=Goal set to axe majority of PIA workers |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1596199 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> | Khan's government introduced reforms to Pakistan's bloated public sector.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 September 2020 |title=ECC grants Rs19.66 billion for golden handshake scheme for PSM employees |newspaper=[[The Nation]] |url=https://nation.com.pk/01-Oct-2020/ecc-grants-rs19-66-billion-for-golden-handshake-scheme-for-psm-employees |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2020 |title=ECC approves golden handshake plan for PSM employees: sources |url=https://arynews.tv/en/ecc-golden-handshake-psm-employees/}}</ref> The public sector consisted of state-owned enterprises that were consistently making losses and accumulating debt for decades, including national services such as railways, airlines, postal services as well as other state-owned companies such as Pakistan's state-owned steel company. In 2019, [[Pakistan International Airlines]] reached breakeven in operating profit<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 April 2019 |title=PIA reaches break-even in operating profit |newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]] |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1954858/2-pia-reaches-break-even-operating-profit |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref> however the halt in air travel in the following year due to [[COVID-19]] meant further reforms had to be made. This led to a proposal to cut the airline's workforce almost by half in order to save costs and thus help the state-owned airline breakeven on a net profit level in addition to the operating profit level.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 December 2020 |title=PIA finalises plan to lay off half of its employees |newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]] |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2276160/pia-finalises-plan-to-lay-off-half-of-its-employees |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref> The national airline confirmed it would layoff employees in phases<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asghar |first=Iftikhar A. Khan | Mohammad |date=1 January 2021 |title=2,000 employees have applied for voluntary separation: PIA |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1598986 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> as part of PIA's restructuring plan in line with the government's policy of reversing the losses at state-owned companies.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 December 2020 |title=PIA to completely shift to Islamabad by June |newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]] |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2276799/pia-to-completely-shift-to-islamabad-by-june |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref> Khan's government is set to axe many PIA workers due to the fact that those appointments were politically motivated to reward loyalty to previous governments.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 July 2020 |title=Teach like PTV, PIA & PSM crushed by past governments through political appointments: Shibli |newspaper=[[The Nation]] |url=https://nation.com.pk/23-Jul-2020/teach-like-ptv-pia-psm-crushed-by-past-governments-through-political-appointments-shibli |access-date=3 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Asghar |first=Mohammad |date=17 December 2020 |title=Goal set to axe majority of PIA workers |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1596199 |access-date=3 January 2021 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> | ||
In 2019, Khan's government launched an [[anti-corruption]] campaign<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jorgic |first=Drazen |date=4 July 2019 |title='Government go-slow', as Pakistan's anti-corruption drive bites |website=Reuters.com |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pakistan-politics-corruption-idUSKCN1TZ148}}</ref> which was premised on the basis that no amnesty (known as NRO or [[National Reconciliation Ordinance]] in Pakistani political parlance) would be given to politicians or relatives who benefitted from a politician's patronage. The campaign has been criticised for targeting Khan's political opponents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=The Newspaper's Staff |date=8 August 2020 |title=NAB's victimisation of critics will be exposed: PPP |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1573166 |access-date=19 April 2021 |website=dawn.com |language=en}}</ref> Nevertheless, Khan's supporters argue that the campaign is genuine, as senior members of Khan's own ruling party, including [[Jahangir Khan Tareen]] and [[Aleem Khan]], have faced investigation or prosecution,<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2021 |title=Jahangir Tareen to be prosecuted as per law: Shahzad Akbar |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2292674/jahangir-tareen-to-be-prosecuted-as-per-law-shahzad-akbar |access-date=19 April 2021 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Waqar |first=Ali |date=6 February 2019 |title=PTI minister Aleem Khan taken into custody by NAB Lahore |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1462183 |access-date=19 April 2021 |website=dawn.com |language=en}}</ref> with Khan going as far as rejecting the formation of a "judicial commission" demanded by supporters of Tareen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM rejects Jahangir Tareen group's request for Judicial Commission |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/599208-PM-rejects-Jahangir-Tareen-group-request-Judicial-Commission |website=Dunya News}}</ref> | In 2019, Khan's government launched an [[anti-corruption]] campaign<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jorgic |first=Drazen |date=4 July 2019 |title='Government go-slow', as Pakistan's anti-corruption drive bites |website=Reuters.com |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pakistan-politics-corruption-idUSKCN1TZ148}}</ref> which was premised on the basis that no amnesty (known as NRO or [[National Reconciliation Ordinance]] in Pakistani political parlance) would be given to politicians or relatives who benefitted from a politician's patronage. The campaign has been criticised for targeting Khan's political opponents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=The Newspaper's Staff |date=8 August 2020 |title=NAB's victimisation of critics will be exposed: PPP |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1573166 |access-date=19 April 2021 |website=dawn.com |language=en}}</ref> Nevertheless, Khan's supporters argue that the campaign is genuine, as senior members of Khan's own ruling party, including [[Jahangir Khan Tareen]] and [[Aleem Khan]], have faced investigation or prosecution,<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2021 |title=Jahangir Tareen to be prosecuted as per law: Shahzad Akbar |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2292674/jahangir-tareen-to-be-prosecuted-as-per-law-shahzad-akbar |access-date=19 April 2021 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Waqar |first=Ali |date=6 February 2019 |title=PTI minister Aleem Khan taken into custody by NAB Lahore |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1462183 |access-date=19 April 2021 |website=dawn.com |language=en}}</ref> with Khan going as far as rejecting the formation of a "judicial commission" demanded by supporters of Tareen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM rejects Jahangir Tareen group's request for Judicial Commission |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/599208-PM-rejects-Jahangir-Tareen-group-request-Judicial-Commission |website=Dunya News|date=14 February 2008 }}</ref> | ||
Under Khan's premiership, the performance of Pakistan's anti-corruption agency, the [[National Accountability Bureau]] improved significantly<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2020 |title=NAB recovered Rs 363 billion during last two years, says Javed Iqbal |url=https://arynews.tv/en/nab-recover-javed-iqbal/|work=ARY News|access-date=14 November 2022}}</ref> when measured in terms of recovery of money in cases involving plea bargains and/or convictions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NAB Lahore shows 280pc increase in recovery |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/767897-nab-lahore-shows-280pc-increase-in-recovery |website=The News}}</ref> The recovery of the anti-corruption agency had risen to [[Pakistani rupee|Rs]]. 487 billion over three years from the start of 2018 to the beginning of 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 January 2021 |title=Rs 487bn ill-gotten money recovered in three years: NAB |website=dawn.com |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1599533}}</ref> This recovery was significantly higher than the anti-corruption agency's 10-year performance from 2008 to 2018 prior to Khan's government taking office.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2021 |title=NAB's 3-year output remains remarkable |url=https://nation.com.pk/04-Jan-2021/nab-s-3-year-output-remains-remarkable |website=The Nation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Imran Khan says NAB recovered over Rs200bn more compared to PML-N, PPP tenures |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/328060-pm-imran-khan-lauds-nab-says-recovered-over-rs200bn-more-as-compared-to-pml-n-ppp-tenure |website=Geo.tv}}</ref> | Under Khan's premiership, the performance of Pakistan's anti-corruption agency, the [[National Accountability Bureau]] improved significantly<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2020 |title=NAB recovered Rs 363 billion during last two years, says Javed Iqbal |url=https://arynews.tv/en/nab-recover-javed-iqbal/|work=ARY News|access-date=14 November 2022}}</ref> when measured in terms of recovery of money in cases involving plea bargains and/or convictions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NAB Lahore shows 280pc increase in recovery |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/767897-nab-lahore-shows-280pc-increase-in-recovery |website=The News}}</ref> The recovery of the anti-corruption agency had risen to [[Pakistani rupee|Rs]]. 487 billion over three years from the start of 2018 to the beginning of 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 January 2021 |title=Rs 487bn ill-gotten money recovered in three years: NAB |website=dawn.com |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1599533}}</ref> This recovery was significantly higher than the anti-corruption agency's 10-year performance from 2008 to 2018 prior to Khan's government taking office.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2021 |title=NAB's 3-year output remains remarkable |url=https://nation.com.pk/04-Jan-2021/nab-s-3-year-output-remains-remarkable |website=The Nation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Imran Khan says NAB recovered over Rs200bn more compared to PML-N, PPP tenures |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/328060-pm-imran-khan-lauds-nab-says-recovered-over-rs200bn-more-as-compared-to-pml-n-ppp-tenure |website=Geo.tv}}</ref> | ||
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[[File:-UNGA (48784545487).jpg|thumb|Khan with U.S. President [[Donald Trump]] in September 2019]] | [[File:-UNGA (48784545487).jpg|thumb|Khan with U.S. President [[Donald Trump]] in September 2019]] | ||
In foreign policy, Khan voiced support for the [[2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria]] against the [[Kurds in Syria|Kurdish]]-led [[Syrian Democratic Forces | In foreign policy, Khan voiced support for the [[2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria]] against the [[Kurds in Syria|Kurdish]]-led [[Syrian Democratic Forces]]. On 11 October 2019, Khan told the Turkish president [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] that "Pakistan fully understands Turkey's concerns relating to terrorism".<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2019 |title=PM Imran telephones Erdogan, assures full support to Turkey |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/amp/539756-pm-imran-telephones-erdogan-assures-full-support-to-turkey |website=TheNews}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2019 |title=PM Imran assures Erdogan of Pakistan's support, solidarity over Turkey's Syria operation |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/amp/1510278 |website=Dawn}}</ref> Khan's foreign policy towards neighbouring Afghanistan consists primarily of support for the [[Afghan peace process]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 July 2020 |title=UN report warns TTP, JUA target Pakistan from Afghan bases |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2256755/un-report-warns-ttp-jua-target-pakistan-from-afghan-bases |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> and also inaugurated a 24/7 border crossing with Afghanistan to facilitate travel and trade.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan, Afghanistan inaugurate 24/7 Torkham border crossing |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/9/18/pakistan-afghanistan-inaugurate-24-7-torkham-border |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Aljazeera.com}}</ref> He said that Pakistan will never recognize [[Israel]] until a [[State of Palestine|Palestinian state]] is created, a statement in line with the vision of Pakistan's founder [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]].<ref>{{cite news |date=20 August 2020 |title=Pakistan will not recognise Israel: PM Khan |publisher=Al Jazeera |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/08/pakistan-recognise-israel-pm-khan-200819115442159.html}}</ref> | ||
According to the British newspaper ''[[The Independent]]'', Khan's government had improved Pakistan's reputation abroad by stepping into its role as a 'world player'.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=After a year of Imran Khan, Pakistan is finally stepping into its role as a world player |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/imran-khan-naya-pakistan-india-kashmir-us-iran-new-messages-a9121126.html |access-date=23 June 2020 |work=The Independent}}</ref> In 2019, Khan was included in the [[Time 100|''Time'' 100]], [[Time (magazine)|''Time'']]'s annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567764/imran-khan/|title=Imran Khan|first=Ahmed|last=Rashid|magazine=Time|date=2019|accessdate=27 May 2022}}</ref> | According to the British newspaper ''[[The Independent]]'', Khan's government had improved Pakistan's reputation abroad by stepping into its role as a 'world player'.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=After a year of Imran Khan, Pakistan is finally stepping into its role as a world player |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/imran-khan-naya-pakistan-india-kashmir-us-iran-new-messages-a9121126.html |access-date=23 June 2020 |work=The Independent}}</ref> In 2019, Khan was included in the [[Time 100|''Time'' 100]], [[Time (magazine)|''Time'']]'s annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567764/imran-khan/|title=Imran Khan|first=Ahmed|last=Rashid|magazine=Time|date=2019|accessdate=27 May 2022}}</ref> | ||
Khan also pursued a reset in ties with Gulf Arab states such as the [[United Arab Emirates]] and [[Saudi Arabia]], with the UAE agreeing to roll over Pakistan's debt on an interest-free loan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abbas |first=Waheed |title=UAE extends repayment of $2 billion loan given to Pakistan |url=https://m.khaleejtimes.com/news/uae-extends-repayment-of-2-billion-loan-given-to-pakistan |website=m.khaleejtimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hashim |first=Asad |title=Pakistan FM raises visa restrictions issue with top UAE officials |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/20/pakistan-fm-raises-visa-restrictions-issue-with-top-uae-officials |website=Aljazeera.com}}</ref> Subsequently, Khan embarked on a three-day visit to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in order to reset ties, where he was personally received at the airport by Mohammad bin Salman.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2021 |title=PM Imran arrives in Saudi Arabia on three-day visit |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2298792/pm-imran-arrives-in-saudi-arabia-on-three-day-visit |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> The ties had become tense previously due to the unwillingness of Pakistan to contribute militarily to the [[Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 April 2015 |title=Yemen conflict: Pakistan rebuffs Saudi coalition call |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32246547}}</ref> Saudi Arabia's ambassador to Pakistan confirmed that the Saudi government had approved a concessionary loan for building a hydroelectric dam, the Mohmand dam.<ref>{{Cite web | Khan also pursued a reset in ties with Gulf Arab states such as the [[United Arab Emirates]] and [[Saudi Arabia]], with the UAE agreeing to roll over Pakistan's debt on an interest-free loan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abbas |first=Waheed |title=UAE extends repayment of $2 billion loan given to Pakistan |url=https://m.khaleejtimes.com/news/uae-extends-repayment-of-2-billion-loan-given-to-pakistan |website=m.khaleejtimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hashim |first=Asad |title=Pakistan FM raises visa restrictions issue with top UAE officials |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/20/pakistan-fm-raises-visa-restrictions-issue-with-top-uae-officials |website=Aljazeera.com}}</ref> Subsequently, Khan embarked on a three-day visit to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in order to reset ties, where he was personally received at the airport by Mohammad bin Salman.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2021 |title=PM Imran arrives in Saudi Arabia on three-day visit |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2298792/pm-imran-arrives-in-saudi-arabia-on-three-day-visit |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> The ties had become tense previously due to the unwillingness of Pakistan to contribute militarily to the [[Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 April 2015 |title=Yemen conflict: Pakistan rebuffs Saudi coalition call |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32246547}}</ref> Saudi Arabia's ambassador to Pakistan confirmed that the Saudi government had approved a concessionary loan for building a hydroelectric dam, the Mohmand dam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2304320/saudi-arabia-pledges-rs374b-for-construction-of-mohmand-dam |date=9 June 2021 |title=Saudi Arabia pledges Rs37.4b for Mohmand dam|work=The Express Tribune|first=Irshad|last=Ansari|date=9 June 2021|access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref> Khan's government also improved ties with the Gulf state of Kuwait, as Kuwait confirmed it had lifted a ten-year visa ban on Pakistani nationals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/kuwait-resumes-visas-for-pakistani-citizens-after-10-year-suspension-1.1622444455991#|title=Kuwait resumes visas for Pakistani citizens after 10 year suspension|work=Gulf News|date=31 May 2021|access-date=17 May 2023}}</ref> Khan's government enhanced economic ties with [[Qatar]] which is expected to benefit Pakistan by US$3 billion over 10 years by renegotiating terms in an energy supply deal which saw a significant reduction in Pakistan's energy import bill compared to the previous deal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 March 2021 |title=Pakistan hopes to save $3 billion in new gas deal with Qatar |url=https://apnews.com/article/pakistan-qatar-islamabad-07225e00bf4d11540444bc88133c0908 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Cheaper LNG deal signed with Qatar |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/796105-cheaper-lng-deal-inked-with-qatar |website=Thenews.com.pk}}</ref> Khan was mediating between [[Iran]] and Saudi Arabia in an effort to end the war in [[Yemen]], which is part of an [[Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Pakistan Mediating Between Saudi Arabia, Iran to End Yemen War |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/pakistan-mediating-between-saudi-arabia-iran-to-end-yemen-war/4627750.html |work=VOA News |date=24 October 2018}}</ref> | ||
On 9 May 2021, Khan condemned the [[2021 Israel–Palestine crisis|Israeli police actions]] at [[ | On 9 May 2021, Khan condemned the [[2021 Israel–Palestine crisis|Israeli police actions]] at [[Al-Aqsa]], stating that such actions violated "all norms of humanity and [international] law".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raza |first=Syed Ifran |date=10 May 2021 |title=PM slams Israeli attack, urges OIC to combat Islamophobia |work=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] |location=Islamabad, Pakistan |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1622962/pm-slams-israeli-attack-urges-oic-to-combat-islamophobia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510074949/https://www.dawn.com/news/1622962/pm-slams-israeli-attack-urges-oic-to-combat-islamophobia |archive-date=10 May 2021}}</ref> Also, Khan has been vocal on the Kashmir issue, and his government adopted the foreign policy stance that no talks will be held with India on the [[Kashmir dispute]] until autonomy was restored in Indian-held Kashmir.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan ready to talk with India if it restores Kashmir's autonomy: PM Imran |url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/604682-Pakistan-ready-to-talk-with-India-restores-Kashmir-autonomy-PM-Imran |website=Dunya News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2021 |title=Pakistan ready for talks with India if it gives roadmap to restore Kashmir's status: PM Imran |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1627517 |website=dawn.com}}</ref> Khan's national security adviser [[Moeed Yusuf]] confirmed that backdoor contacts with India (ostensibly brokered by the UAE<ref>{{Cite web |title=UAE brokering secret India-Pakistan peace roadmap: Officials |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/22/bb-uae-brokering-secret-india-pakistan-peace-roadmap |website=Aljazeera.com}}</ref>) had broken down after India had refused to restore the region's autonomy.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2021 |title='No longer backdoor contacts with India' |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2308819/no-longer-backdoor-contacts-with-india}}</ref> | ||
In August 2021, Khan celebrated the [[Withdrawal of United States troops from Afghanistan (2020–2021)|departure of the United States from Afghanistan]], describing it as Afghans breaking "the shackles of slavery".<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 August 2021 |title=Afghans have broken 'shackles of slavery': Pakistan PM Imran Khan |newspaper=Business Standard India |agency=Press Trust of India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/afghans-have-broken-shackles-of-slavery-pakistan-pm-imran-khan-121081601134_1.html}}</ref> | In August 2021, Khan celebrated the [[Withdrawal of United States troops from Afghanistan (2020–2021)|departure of the United States from Afghanistan]], describing it as Afghans breaking "the shackles of slavery".<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 August 2021 |title=Afghans have broken 'shackles of slavery': Pakistan PM Imran Khan |newspaper=Business Standard India |agency=Press Trust of India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/afghans-have-broken-shackles-of-slavery-pakistan-pm-imran-khan-121081601134_1.html}}</ref> | ||
==== | ==== Russia ==== | ||
[[File:Vladimir Putin and Imran Khan (2022-02-24) 01.jpg|thumb|Khan met with Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] in [[Moscow]] just hours after [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russia's invasion of Ukraine began]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Western-Led Pressure Grows on Pakistan to Condemn Russia's Invasion of Ukraine |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/western-led-pressure-grows-on-pakistan-to-condemn-russia-s-invasion-of-ukraine/6465104.html |work=VOA News |date=1 March 2022}}</ref>]] | [[File:Vladimir Putin and Imran Khan (2022-02-24) 01.jpg|thumb|Khan met with Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] in [[Moscow]] just hours after [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russia's invasion of Ukraine began]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Western-Led Pressure Grows on Pakistan to Condemn Russia's Invasion of Ukraine |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/western-led-pressure-grows-on-pakistan-to-condemn-russia-s-invasion-of-ukraine/6465104.html |work=VOA News |date=1 March 2022}}</ref>]] | ||
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The meeting between the two heads of state was planned months in advance, and [[Vladimir Putin|President Vladimir Putin]] met with Khan just hours after the Russian "special military operation" into the Donbas<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Osborn |first1=Andrew |last2=Nikolskaya |first2=Polina |date=24 February 2022 |title=Russia's Putin authorises 'special military operation' against Ukraine |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-putin-authorises-military-operations-donbass-domestic-media-2022-02-24/ |access-date=19 July 2022}}</ref> in an attack on neighboring Ukraine,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Kalita |first=Jayanta |date=25 February 2022 |title=Imran Khan Meets Putin At The 'Worst Possible Time'; Why Is Pakistan So Important For Russia? |url=https://eurasiantimes.com/khan-meets-putin-at-the-worst-time-pakistan-russia/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News |language=en-US}}</ref> during the second day of Khan's visit. [[Radio Pakistan]] reported the two discussed "economic and energy cooperation,"<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=In the midst of Ukraine crisis, Pakistan seeks 'multi-dimensional relationship' with Russia as Imran Khan meet Putin |url=https://www.southasiamonitor.org/pakistan/midst-ukraine-crisis-pakistan-seeks-multi-dimensional-relationship-russia-imran-khan-meet |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=South Asia Monitor |language=en}}</ref> namely, a several billion dollar<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Pak PM Imran Khan to visit Russia soon, 2 mega gas pipeline projects on agenda |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2022/feb/17/pak-pm-imran-khan-to-visit-russia-soon-2-mega-gas-pipeline-projects-on-agenda-2420687.html |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> [[Pakistan Stream gas pipeline|Pakistan Stream Gas Pipeline]] project that Russian enterprise partnered in developing southward from Karachi to Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hashim |first=Asad |title=Pakistani PM Khan meets Putin amid Ukraine invasion |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/25/pakistan-imran-putin-russia-ukraine-invasion |access-date=3 April 2022 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bigg |first=Matthew Mpoke |date=24 February 2022 |title=Pakistan's leader is in Moscow to meet with Putin about a gas pipeline. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/24/world/europe/pakistans-leader-is-in-moscow-to-meet-with-putin-about-a-gas-pipeline.html |access-date=19 July 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | The meeting between the two heads of state was planned months in advance, and [[Vladimir Putin|President Vladimir Putin]] met with Khan just hours after the Russian "special military operation" into the Donbas<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Osborn |first1=Andrew |last2=Nikolskaya |first2=Polina |date=24 February 2022 |title=Russia's Putin authorises 'special military operation' against Ukraine |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-putin-authorises-military-operations-donbass-domestic-media-2022-02-24/ |access-date=19 July 2022}}</ref> in an attack on neighboring Ukraine,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Kalita |first=Jayanta |date=25 February 2022 |title=Imran Khan Meets Putin At The 'Worst Possible Time'; Why Is Pakistan So Important For Russia? |url=https://eurasiantimes.com/khan-meets-putin-at-the-worst-time-pakistan-russia/ |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News |language=en-US}}</ref> during the second day of Khan's visit. [[Radio Pakistan]] reported the two discussed "economic and energy cooperation,"<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=In the midst of Ukraine crisis, Pakistan seeks 'multi-dimensional relationship' with Russia as Imran Khan meet Putin |url=https://www.southasiamonitor.org/pakistan/midst-ukraine-crisis-pakistan-seeks-multi-dimensional-relationship-russia-imran-khan-meet |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=South Asia Monitor |language=en}}</ref> namely, a several billion dollar<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Pak PM Imran Khan to visit Russia soon, 2 mega gas pipeline projects on agenda |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2022/feb/17/pak-pm-imran-khan-to-visit-russia-soon-2-mega-gas-pipeline-projects-on-agenda-2420687.html |access-date=19 July 2022 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> [[Pakistan Stream gas pipeline|Pakistan Stream Gas Pipeline]] project that Russian enterprise partnered in developing southward from Karachi to Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hashim |first=Asad |title=Pakistani PM Khan meets Putin amid Ukraine invasion |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/25/pakistan-imran-putin-russia-ukraine-invasion |access-date=3 April 2022 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bigg |first=Matthew Mpoke |date=24 February 2022 |title=Pakistan's leader is in Moscow to meet with Putin about a gas pipeline. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/24/world/europe/pakistans-leader-is-in-moscow-to-meet-with-putin-about-a-gas-pipeline.html |access-date=19 July 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | ||
The pipeline, which | The pipeline, which was begun in 2020, is the result of a 2015 agreement for a 1,100 km pipeline with a designed capacity ranging from 12.4 to 16 billion cubic meters, with Russia financing 26% of costs, which ranged from US$1.5–3.5 billion.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite news |date=23 February 2022 |title=Factbox: Pakistan-Russia collaboration on gas pipeline project |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/pakistan-russia-collaboration-gas-pipeline-project-2022-02-23/ |access-date=19 July 2022}}</ref> It was expected that even under sanctions against Russia Pakistan could still import up to 14 billion cubic meters of [[Liquefied natural gas|liquid natural gas]] (LNG) from the vast [[Natural gas in Russia|Russian reserves]] to the "energy-starved power plants"<ref name=":2" /> in Pakistan. The Eurasian Pipeline Consortium and pipeline supplier [[OAO TMK|TMK]] were tasked with the completion of the pipeline.<ref name=":4" /> | ||
Of the timing on the talks, Khan explained that he was invited by Putin months in advance, but furthermore that he was not interested in joining any "blocs"<ref name=":3" /> and welcomed neutrality, in hopes of "peace and harmony within and among societies."<ref name=":2" /> | Of the timing on the talks, Khan explained that he was invited by Putin months in advance, but furthermore that he was not interested in joining any "blocs"<ref name=":3" /> and welcomed neutrality, in hopes of "peace and harmony within and among societies."<ref name=":2" /> | ||
Following the visit, Khan | Following the visit, Khan refused a request from Western nations to support a United Nations resolution condemning Russia's invasion of Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-03-06 |title=Pakistani premier hits out at Western envoys' joint letter on Russia |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistani-premier-hits-out-western-envoys-joint-letter-russia-2022-03-06/ |access-date=2022-11-30}}</ref> During the UN General Assembly emergency meeting on the invasion he expressed regret for the situation while registering an abstention, and called for deescalation with adherence to international law as laid out in the UN Charter.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-02 |title=At UN, Pakistan refuses to condemn Russia |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2346053/at-un-pakistan-refuses-to-condemn-russia |access-date=2022-11-30 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref> | ||
=== No confidence motion and removal from office === | === No-confidence motion and removal from office === | ||
{{Main|2022 Pakistani constitutional crisis|No-confidence motion against Imran Khan}} | {{Main|2022 Pakistani constitutional crisis|No-confidence motion against Imran Khan}} | ||
According to a leaked classified Pakistani cypher, at a March 7, 2022 meeting, the U.S. State Department encouraged the Pakistani government to remove Khan from office because of his neutrality on the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Grim |first=Ryan |author-link=Ryan Grim |last2=Hussain |first2=Murtaza |date=9 August 2023 |title=Secret Pakistan Cable Documents U.S. Pressure to Remove Imran Khan |url=https://theintercept.com/2023/08/09/imran-khan-pakistan-cypher-ukraine-russia/ |access-date=10 August 2023 |website=The Intercept |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=voa-20230809>{{cite news |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/purported-text-of-secret-cable-shows-us-ire-at-imran-khan-/7219123.html |title=Purported Text of Secret Cable Shows US Ire at Imran Khan |last1=Zaman |first1=Sarah |last2=Saine |first2=Cindy |publisher=Voice of America |date=9 August 2023 |access-date=12 August 2023}}</ref> | |||
On 8 March 2022, the opposition parties submitted a [[motion of no confidence]] against Khan to the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]]'s secretariat.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Opposition submits no-confidence motion against PM Imran Khan |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/403780-opposition-likely-to-move-no-confidence-motion-against-pm-imran-khan-within-24-hours-sources |access-date=9 March 2022 |website=www.geo.tv |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Shahzad |first=Asif |date=8 March 2022 |title=Pakistani opposition moves no-confidence motion to seek PM Khan's ouster |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistani-opposition-rallies-press-pm-khan-resign-2022-03-08/ |access-date=4 April 2022}}</ref> On 27 March 2022, Khan waved a [[Lettergate|diplomatic cypher]] from US in the public,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Malik |first1=Hasnaat |title=Imran Khan sends diplomatic cypher to CJP |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2351864/imran-khan-sends-diplomatic-cypher-to-cjp/ |work=The Express Tribune |date=April 10, 2022}}</ref> claiming that it demands to remove Khan's government in a coup.<ref>{{cite news |title=Copy of cipher 'missing' from PM House records, cabinet told |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1712744 |work=Dawn |date=September 30, 2022}}</ref> Though, later he changed his stance about the US conspiracy against his government.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hussain |first1=Abid |title=Imran Khan's U-turn: No longer blaming US for his ouster as PM |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/14/imran-khan-u-turn-no-longer-blames-us-for-removal-as-premier |work=Al Jazeera |date=14 Nov 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Imran Khan seeks to repair ties with US; says cipher conspiracy is over |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1009606-imran-khan-seeks-to-repair-ties-with-us-after-cypher-conspiracy |work=The News International |date=November 13, 2022}}</ref> On 1 April 2022, Prime Minister Khan announced that in context of the no-confidence motion against him in the National Assembly, the three options were discussed with "[[The Establishment (Pakistan)|establishment]]" to choose from viz: "resignation, no-confidence [vote] or elections".<ref>{{cite news |title=All institutions were on board over former PM's Russia visit: DG ISPR |url=https://arynews.tv/dg-ispr-address-press-conference/ |access-date=15 April 2022 |work=[[ARY News]] |publisher=arynews.tv |date=14 April 2022}}</ref> On 3 April 2022, [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Arif Alvi]] dissolved the National Assembly of Pakistan on Khan's advice, after the Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly rejected and set-aside the motion of no confidence; this move would have required elections to the National Assembly to be held within 90 days.<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 April 2022 |title=Imran Khan advised President Alvi to dissolve assemblies |language=en |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/imran-khan-no-trust-vote-live-updates-pakistan-assembly-prime-minister-1932844-2022-04-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan|url=https://na.gov.pk/uploads/documents/1333523681_951.pdf|date=28 February 2012|accessdate=10 April 2022|author=[[National Assembly of Pakistan]]}}</ref> On 10 April, after a Supreme Court ruling that the no-confidence motion was illegally rejected, a no-confidence vote was conducted and he was ousted from office,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-61055210|title=Imran Khan ousted as Pakistan's PM after key vote|work=[[BBC News]]|date=9 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 April 2022 |title=Imran Khan becomes first PM to be ousted via no-trust vote |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2351683/imran-khan-becomes-countrys-first-pm-to-be-ousted-through-no-trust-vote |access-date=9 April 2022 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref> becoming the first prime minister in Pakistan to be removed from office by a vote of no confidence.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chaudhry |first=Fahad |date=9 April 2022 |title=Imran Khan loses no-trust vote, prime ministerial term comes to unceremonious end |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1684168 |access-date=9 April 2022 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live updates: NA votes out PM Imran Khan in a historic first for Pakistan |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/948739-live-updates-na-to-vote-on-no-confidence-motion-against-pm-imran-khan |access-date=9 April 2022 |website=www.thenews.com.pk |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=No-trust motion: Imran Khan becomes first prime minister to be voted out of pow |url=https://nation.com.pk/2022/04/10/no-trust-motion-imran-khan-becomes-first-prime-minister-to-be-voted-out-of-pow/ |access-date=9 April 2022 |website=Latest News – The Nation |language=en-US}}</ref> Khan claimed the US was behind his removal because he conducted an independent foreign policy and had friendly relations with China and Russia. His removal led to protests from his supporters across Pakistan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Protests in Pakistan over Khan's removal, Sharif set to be new PM |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/4/11/imran-khan-removal-as-pm-triggers-protests-across-pakistan |access-date=14 April 2022 |work=www.aljazeera.com |date=11 April 2022 |language=en|quote=Khan has claimed the US worked behind the scenes to bring him down, purportedly because of Washington's displeasure over his independent foreign policy choices, which often favour China and Russia.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Imran Khan supporters stage protests across Pakistan against his ouster as PM |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/massive-protests-in-pakistan-against-imran-khans-ouster/articleshow/90769057.cms |access-date=14 April 2022 |work=The Economic Times |date=11 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Imran Khan supporters stage protests across Pakistan against his ouster as PM |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2022/apr/11/imran-khan-supporters-stage-protests-across-pakistan-against-his-ouster-as-pm-2440649.html |access-date=14 April 2022 |work=The New Indian Express |date=11 April 2022}}</ref> | |||
==Post-premiership== | |||
=== 2022 Toshakhana reference case === | |||
{{Further|Toshakhana reference case}} | |||
The [[Pakistan Democratic Movement]]'s [[Member of Parliament, National Assembly of Pakistan|MNA]]s brought the Toshakhana case against Imran Khan in August 2022 because he failed to disclose the specifics of the Toshakhana presents in his yearly asset report to the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]] (ECP).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=BR Web |date=2022-10-21 |title=Toshakhana reference: ECP disqualifies PTI chief Imran Khan |url=https://www.brecorder.com/news/40204406 |access-date=2022-11-17 |website=Brecorder |language=en}}</ref> The investigation was started by the ECP, which then made its final determination on 21 October 2022, disqualifying Imran from holding public office for engaging in dishonest behavior, fabricating information, and making an inaccurate declaration in the reference under Article 63(1)(p) of the constitution of Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-21 |title=Imran disqualified |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2382771/imran-disqualified |access-date=2022-11-17 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-14 |title=Toshakhana reference sent to trial court against Imran |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2386284/toshakhana-reference-sent-to-trial-court-for-criminal-proceedings-against-imran |access-date=2022-11-21 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref> Following the verdict, Khan organized the [[2022 Azadi March II|Azadi March II]] to protest.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 28, 2022 |title=Kaptaan marches again: What next? |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2383653/kaptaan-marches-again-what-next |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> | |||
=== 2023 arrests === | |||
==== First arrest and release ==== | |||
{{Main|2023 Imran Khan arrest protests|Arrest of Imran Khan}} | |||
As a result of an arrest warrant issued by the district and sessions court in [[Islamabad]], the [[Islamabad Police]] and [[Punjab Police (Pakistan)|Lahore Police]] started an operation to arrest the former prime minister Imran Khan on March 14, 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hussain |first=Abid |title='Police here to send me to jail,' Khan says in video amid clashes |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/3/14/tear-gas-water-cannons-fired-outside-ex-pakistan-pms-residence |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Syed |first=Sophia Saifi, Tara John, Vasco Cotovio, Kathleen Magramo, Azaz |date=2023-03-14 |title=Imran Khan greets supporters outside home after Pakistan police arrest operation ends in chaos |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/14/asia/pakistan-imran-khan-clashes-police-intl/index.html |access-date=2023-03-16 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> On May 9, Imran Khan was arrested at the Islamabad High Court by paramilitary forces<ref>{{Cite web |title=Imran Khan Arrested Outside Court, Whisked Away By Paramilitary Personnel |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/former-pakistan-pm-imran-khan-arrested-outside-islamabad-high-court-news-agency-ani-quoting-local-media-4018356 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hussain |first=Abid |title=Former Pakistani PM Imran Khan arrested at Islamabad court |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/5/9/former-pakistan-pm-imran-khan-arrested-outside-islamabad-court |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=12 November 2022 |title=Zaman Park: Imran Khan's new political base |work=The Nation (newspaper) |url=https://www.nation.com.pk/12-Nov-2022/zaman-park-imran-khan-s-new-political-base |access-date=10 April 2022}}</ref> over his alleged role in the<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2023-05-09 |title=Imran Khan Arrest LIVE Updates: Former Pakistan PM taken into custody from outside Islamabad High Court |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/pakistan/imran-khan-arrested-live-updates-8599944/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> [[Al-Qadir Trust]] [[Al-Qadir Trust case|case]],<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Burney |first=Dawn com {{!}} Umer |date=2023-05-09 |title=Imran Khan arrested from outside IHC in Al-Qadir Trust case |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1751782 |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> after which PTI-party members had called for nationwide protests.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Imran Khan arrest live updates: PTI leaders call for nationwide protests |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/imran-khan-arrest-live-updates/liveblog/100098611.cms |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2023 |title=Imran Khan:Dozens of police seize ex-PM outside court in Pakistan |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65531648 |website=BBC News}}</ref><ref name="bbc.com" /> His arrest led to [[2023 Pakistani protests|widespread protests]] and the [[May 9 riots]].<ref>{{cite web |title=May 9 riots 'mastermind' Imran Khan to be tried in military court: Rana Sanaullah |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/490237-imran-khan-to-be-tried-in-military-court-for-may-9-riots-rana-sanaullah}}</ref> The arrest was later declared illegal by the Supreme Court.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Saifi |first=Sophia |date=2023-05-11 |title=Arrest of Pakistan's former Prime Minister Imran Khan was illegal, top court rules |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/11/asia/imran-khan-arrest-illegal-pakistan-supreme-court-gbr-intl/index.html |access-date=2023-06-06 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> Following the May 9 riots, many PTI members deserted Khan and founded the [[Istehkam-e-Pakistan Party]] under the leadership of [[Jahangir Tareen]].<ref>{{Cite web |author=Samaa Web Desk |date=2023-06-08 |title=Demanding action against May 9 instigators, JKT, Aleem Khan officially launch Istehkam-e-Pakistan Party |url=https://www.samaaenglish.tv/news/40038303 |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=Samaa |language=en}}</ref> | |||
===== Bailout ===== | |||
On 12 May, the Islamabad High Court declared the arrest illegal and mandated Khan's immediate release.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite news |date=2023-05-12 |title=Imran Khan leaves court after being granted bail |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-65571796 |access-date=2023-05-13}}</ref> Khan was granted protected bail and released on the same day, meaning he could not be re-arrested on those charges for two weeks.<ref name="ReferenceB"/> | |||
==== Conviction and second arrest ==== | |||
On 5 August 2023, Khan was arrested for the second time.<ref name="Walsh 2023">{{Cite news |last=Walsh|first=Aoife|date=2023-08-05 |title=Pakistan ex-PM Khan given three-year jail sentence |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66414696 |access-date=2023-08-05}}</ref> | |||
== Wealth == | == Wealth == | ||
In 2003, Khan had a house in Zaman Park, Lahore worth {{PKRConvert|29|m}}. He was also an [[investor]], investing more than {{PKRConvert|40|m}} in various businesses. He was owner of agriculture land of 39 [[Kanal (unit)|kanals]] (5 acres) at Talhar, Islamabad, and 530 kanals (66 acres) at [[Khanewal]] and had a share in 363 kanals (44 acres) of other agricultural land which he had inherited.<ref name="dawn.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/125353|title=Lawmakers declare assets|date=17 November 2003}}</ref> Khan paid {{PKRConvert|10.19|m}} to buy two apartments at [[Constitution Avenue (Islamabad)|Shahra-e-Dastoor]] in Islamabad.<ref name="gulf-times.com">{{Cite web|url=https://gulf-times.com/story/677697|title=ECP releases details of PM's assets|date=11 November 2020|website=Gulf-Times}}</ref> Other assets in 2017 included [[furniture]] worth {{PKRConvert|0.6|m}} and [[livestock]] valued at {{PKRConvert|0.2|m}}. However he then had no vehicle registered in his name.<ref name="net worth">{{cite web|title=Imran Khan's net worth over a billion, yet no vehicle in his name|url=https://www.samaa.tv/pakistan/2017/06/imran-khans-net-worth-over-a-billion-yet-no-vehicle-in-his-name/|website=[[Samaa TV]]|access-date=30 July 2017|date=16 June 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804054737/https://www.samaa.tv/pakistan/2017/06/imran-khans-net-worth-over-a-billion-yet-no-vehicle-in-his-name/|archive-date=4 August 2017}}</ref> | |||
Khan | In 2017 Khan owned a 300 kanal mansion in Bani Gala, Islamabad, worth {{PKRConvert|750|m}}, which he declared as a gift in his statement to the [[Election Commission of Pakistan]]. The mansion is located within a gated enclosure and is accessible through a private driveway.<ref name="banigala">{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1347990|title=Bani Gala: Built on Illegalitiess|first=Faiza|last=Moatasim|date=30 July 2017|website=dawn.com|access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref> | ||
In November 2019, using FBR statements, Pakistani media revealed how much tax Khan had paid in 37 years. Khan paid {{PKRConvert|103.763|k}} of tax in 2017, and over 37 years, he paid a total of {{PKRConvert|4|m|year=2019|to=USD}} in tax up to 2019. The documents released by the FBR also state that during this period he was exempted for some years from paying tax.<ref>{{cite web|title=How much tax Imran paid in last 37 years? |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/571131-how-much-tax-imran-paid-in-last-37-years |last=Durrani |first=Fakhar |date=19 November 2019 |website=[[The News International]]}}</ref> On 3 January 2022, [[Federal Board of Revenue|FBR]] released its 2019 tax directory for parliamentarians and it was revealed that Khan had paid {{PKRConvert|9.8|m|0|nolink=yes}} in taxes in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1667427|title=FBR 2019 data: PM Imran paid Rs9.8m in taxes while PPP's Yousuf Raza Gillani paid none|first=Tahir|last=Sherani|date=3 January 2022|website=Dawn.com|access-date=20 January 2022}}</ref> | In November 2019, using FBR statements, Pakistani media revealed how much tax Khan had paid in 37 years. Khan paid {{PKRConvert|103.763|k}} of tax in 2017, and over 37 years, he paid a total of {{PKRConvert|4|m|year=2019|to=USD}} in tax up to 2019. The documents released by the FBR also state that during this period he was exempted for some years from paying tax.<ref>{{cite web|title=How much tax Imran paid in last 37 years? |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/571131-how-much-tax-imran-paid-in-last-37-years |last=Durrani |first=Fakhar |date=19 November 2019 |website=[[The News International]]}}</ref> On 3 January 2022, [[Federal Board of Revenue|FBR]] released its 2019 tax directory for parliamentarians and it was revealed that Khan had paid {{PKRConvert|9.8|m|0|nolink=yes}} in taxes in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1667427|title=FBR 2019 data: PM Imran paid Rs9.8m in taxes while PPP's Yousuf Raza Gillani paid none|first=Tahir|last=Sherani|date=3 January 2022|website=Dawn.com|access-date=20 January 2022}}</ref> | ||
== Public profile == | == Public profile == | ||
After the May 2013 elections, [[Mohammed Hanif]] writing for ''[[The Guardian]]'' termed Khan's support as appealing "to the educated middle classes but Pakistan's main problem is that there aren't enough educated urban middle-class citizens in the country".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/13/pakistan-elections-nawaz-sharif-imran-khan|title=Pakistan elections: how Nawaz Sharif beat Imran Khan and what happens next|last=Hanif|first=Mohammed|date=13 May 2013|work=The Guardian|issn=0261-3077|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118085353/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/13/pakistan-elections-nawaz-sharif-imran-khan|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> [[Pankaj Mishra]] writing for ''[[The New York Times]]'' in 2012, charactised Khan as a "cogent picture out of his—and Pakistan's—clashing identities" adding that "his identification with the suffering masses and his attacks on his affluent, English-speaking peers have long been mocked in the living rooms of Lahore and Karachi as the hypocritical ravings of "Im the Dim" and "Taliban Khan"—the two favored monikers for him." Mishra concluded with "like all populist politicians, Khan appears to offer something to everyone. Yet the great differences between his constituencies—socially liberal, upper-middle-class Pakistanis and the deeply conservative residents of Pakistan's tribal areas—seem irreconcilable."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/magazine/pakistans-imran-khan-must-be-doing-something-right.html|title=Pakistan's Imran Khan Must Be Doing Something Right|last=Mishra|first=Pankaj|date=16 August 2012|work=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118032308/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/magazine/pakistans-imran-khan-must-be-doing-something-right.html|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> | After the May 2013 elections, [[Mohammed Hanif]] writing for ''[[The Guardian]]'' termed Khan's support as appealing "to the educated middle classes but Pakistan's main problem is that there aren't enough educated urban middle-class citizens in the country".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/13/pakistan-elections-nawaz-sharif-imran-khan|title=Pakistan elections: how Nawaz Sharif beat Imran Khan and what happens next|last=Hanif|first=Mohammed|date=13 May 2013|work=The Guardian|issn=0261-3077|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118085353/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/13/pakistan-elections-nawaz-sharif-imran-khan|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> [[Pankaj Mishra]] writing for ''[[The New York Times]]'' in 2012, charactised Khan as a "cogent picture out of his—and Pakistan's—clashing identities" adding that "his identification with the suffering masses and his attacks on his affluent, English-speaking peers have long been mocked in the living rooms of Lahore and Karachi as the hypocritical ravings of "Im the Dim" and "Taliban Khan"—the two favored monikers for him." Mishra concluded with "like all populist politicians, Khan appears to offer something to everyone. Yet the great differences between his constituencies—socially liberal, upper-middle-class Pakistanis and the deeply conservative residents of Pakistan's tribal areas—seem irreconcilable."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/magazine/pakistans-imran-khan-must-be-doing-something-right.html|title=Pakistan's Imran Khan Must Be Doing Something Right|last=Mishra|first=Pankaj|date=16 August 2012|work=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118032308/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/19/magazine/pakistans-imran-khan-must-be-doing-something-right.html|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> His critics have often called him "Fitna Khan" and "Zinayi Khan".<ref>{{Cite web |author=Web Desk |date=2023-02-23 |title='Fitna Khan' will hold long march if he loses election: Rana Sana Ullah |url=https://arynews.tv/fitna-khan-will-hold-long-march-if-he-loses-election-sana-ullah/ |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=ARY NEWS |language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
[[File:Interfaith Christmas Dinner 2014 (2).jpg|left|thumb|Khan addressing an Interfaith Christmas Dinner in 2014]] | [[File:Interfaith Christmas Dinner 2014 (2).jpg|left|thumb|Khan addressing an Interfaith Christmas Dinner in 2014]] | ||
On 18 March 2012, [[Salman Rushdie]] criticised Khan for refusing to attend the ''[[India Today]]'' Conference because of Rushdie's attendance. Khan cited the "immeasurable hurt" that Rushdie's writings have caused Muslims around the world. Rushdie, in turn, suggested that Khan was a "dictator in waiting."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/18/in-delhi-rushdie-issues-a-battle-cry/|title=In Delhi, Rushdie Issues a Battle Cry|last=Timmons|first=Heather|work=India Ink|date=18 March 2012 |access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814180037/https://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/18/in-delhi-rushdie-issues-a-battle-cry/|archive-date=14 August 2017}}</ref> In 2011, While writing for ''[[The Washington Post]]'', Richard Leiby termed Khan as an underdog adding that he "often sounds like a pro-democracy liberal but is well known for his coziness with conservative Islamist parties."<ref name="politicalplayer">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistani-cricket-hero-imran-khan-becomes-a-political-player/2011/08/31/gIQAVYYBxJ_story.html|title=Pakistani cricket hero Imran Khan becomes a political player|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118041803/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistani-cricket-hero-imran-khan-becomes-a-political-player/2011/08/31/gIQAVYYBxJ_story.html|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> [[Ayesha Siddiqa]], in September 2014, writing for ''[[The Express Tribune]]'', claimed that "while we can all sympathise with Khan's right to change the political tone, it would be worthwhile for him to envision how he would, if he did become the prime minister of this country, put the genie back into the bottle."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/763612/no-room-for-democracy/|title=No room for democracy – The Express Tribune|date=18 September 2014|work=The Express Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118033459/http://tribune.com.pk/story/763612/no-room-for-democracy/|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> [[H. M. Naqvi]] termed Khan as a "sort of a [[Ron Paul]] figure", adding that "there is no taint of corruption and there is his anti-establishment message."<ref name="politicalplayer" /> | On 18 March 2012, [[Salman Rushdie]] criticised Khan for refusing to attend the ''[[India Today]]'' Conference because of Rushdie's attendance. Khan cited the "immeasurable hurt" that Rushdie's writings have caused Muslims around the world. Rushdie, in turn, suggested that Khan was a "dictator in waiting."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/18/in-delhi-rushdie-issues-a-battle-cry/|title=In Delhi, Rushdie Issues a Battle Cry|last=Timmons|first=Heather|work=India Ink|date=18 March 2012 |access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814180037/https://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/18/in-delhi-rushdie-issues-a-battle-cry/|archive-date=14 August 2017}}</ref> In 2011, While writing for ''[[The Washington Post]]'', Richard Leiby termed Khan as an underdog adding that he "often sounds like a pro-democracy liberal but is well known for his coziness with conservative Islamist parties."<ref name="politicalplayer">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistani-cricket-hero-imran-khan-becomes-a-political-player/2011/08/31/gIQAVYYBxJ_story.html|title=Pakistani cricket hero Imran Khan becomes a political player|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118041803/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistani-cricket-hero-imran-khan-becomes-a-political-player/2011/08/31/gIQAVYYBxJ_story.html|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> [[Ayesha Siddiqa]], in September 2014, writing for ''[[The Express Tribune]]'', claimed that "while we can all sympathise with Khan's right to change the political tone, it would be worthwhile for him to envision how he would, if he did become the prime minister of this country, put the genie back into the bottle."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/763612/no-room-for-democracy/|title=No room for democracy – The Express Tribune|date=18 September 2014|work=The Express Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=16 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118033459/http://tribune.com.pk/story/763612/no-room-for-democracy/|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref> [[H. M. Naqvi]] termed Khan as a "sort of a [[Ron Paul]] figure", adding that "there is no taint of corruption and there is his anti-establishment message."<ref name="politicalplayer" /> | ||
During the 1970s, 1980s | During the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, Khan was a popular [[sex symbol]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/world/profiling-imran-khan-the-medias-favourite-hot-dumb-blonde-555966.html|title=Profiling Imran Khan: The media's favourite hot, dumb blonde|work=Firstpost|date=13 December 2012|access-date=29 March 2017|first=Lakshmi|last=Chaudhry}}</ref><ref name="MT">{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/mohsin-tanveer/imran-khan_b_14859332.html|title=Imran Khan: Why This Man Isn't Really Sexy|work=The Huffington Post|date=20 February 2017|access-date=29 March 2017|first=Mohsin|last=Tanveer}}</ref> He became known as a socialite in English [[High society (social class)|high society]],<ref name="MT" /> and sported a [[playboy (lifestyle)|playboy]] image amongst the British press and [[paparazzi]] due to his "non-stop partying" at London nightclubs such as [[Annabel's]] and Tramp, though he claims to have hated English pubs and never drank alcohol.<ref name="times profile" /><ref name="2006 profile" /><ref name="WP profile" /><ref name="khan artist">{{cite news|url=http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/005/658vhcpk.asp?pg=1|title=Khan Artist|last=Forsyth|first=James|date=31 May 2005|work=[[The Weekly Standard]]|access-date=5 November 2007|archive-date=19 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019002136/http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/005/658vhcpk.asp?pg=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> British heiress Sita White, daughter of [[Gordon White, Baron White of Hull]], became the mother of his alleged [[out of wedlock|lovechild]] daughter, Tyrian Jade White. A judge in the US ruled him to be the father of Tyrian due to his failure to appear in court,<ref name="LA">{{cite web|url=http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/USA-LOS-ANGELES-COURT-RULES-THAT-IMRAN-KHAN-IS-FATHER-OF-5-YEAR-OLD/1967905a9826cb5e0b1a199978b1d1b6?query=Princess+Diana|title=USA: Los Angeles: Court Rules That Imran Khan Is Father of 5 Year Old|website=AP Archive|access-date=8 January 2019}}</ref> but Khan has denied paternity and asked for the case to be open in Pakistani courts.<ref name="deccan herald">{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/Content/Nov152007/foreign2007111535867.asp?section=updatenews|title=Imran slogs it out in the rugged world of Pakistani politics|work=Deccan Herald|access-date=5 October 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071117025701/http://www.deccanherald.com/Content/Nov152007/foreign2007111535867.asp?section=updatenews|archive-date=17 November 2007}}</ref><ref name="ECP rejects references against Imran">{{cite news|url=http://www.dawn.com/2007/09/06/top5.htm|title=ECP rejects references against Imran|date=6 September 2007|publisher=[[Dawn News]]|access-date=6 September 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905161811/http://www.dawn.com/2007/09/06/top5.htm|archive-date=5 September 2008}}</ref> Later in 2007, [[Election Commission of Pakistan]] ruled in favour of Khan and dismissed the ''[[ex parte]]'' judgment of the US court, on grounds that it was neither admissible in evidence before any court or tribunal in Pakistan nor executable against him.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ecp.gov.pk/CecJudgement/Imran%20Khan%20final%20order.pdf|title=Dr. Sher Afgan Khan Niazi Versus Mr. Imran Khan, MNA/Dr. Farooq Sattar & 9 Others. Versus Mr. Imran Khan, MNA|date=5 September 2007|work=Election Commission of Pakistan|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923233307/http://www.ecp.gov.pk/CecJudgement/Imran%20Khan%20final%20order.pdf|archive-date=23 September 2015}}</ref> About his lifestyle as a bachelor, he has often said that, "I never claim to have led an angelic life."<ref name="2006 profile" /> | ||
[[Declan Walsh (journalist)|Declan Walsh]] in ''[[The Guardian]]'' newspaper in England in 2005 described Khan as a "miserable politician, | [[Declan Walsh (journalist)|Declan Walsh]] in ''[[The Guardian]]'' newspaper in England in 2005 described Khan as a "miserable politician", observing that, "Khan's ideas and affiliations since entering politics in 1996 have swerved and skidded like a [[Auto rickshaw|rickshaw]] in a rainshower... He preaches democracy one day but gives a vote to reactionary mullahs the next."<ref name="Walsh profile1">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/aug/31/cricket.pakistan|title=When you speak out, people react|last=Walsh|first=Delcan|date=31 August 2005|work=The Guardian|location=UK|access-date=21 July 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829163743/http://www.theguardian.com/sport/2005/aug/31/cricket.pakistan|archive-date=29 August 2013}}</ref> Khan has also been accused by some opponents and critics of hypocrisy and opportunism, including what has been called his life's "playboy to puritan U-turn."<ref name="foreign correspondent feature" /> Political commentator [[Najam Sethi]], stated that, "A lot of the Imran Khan story is about backtracking on a lot of things he said earlier, which is why this doesn't inspire people."<ref name="foreign correspondent feature" /> Author [[Fatima Bhutto]] has criticised Khan for "incredible coziness not with the military but with dictatorship" as well as some of his political decisions.<ref name="Fatima Bhutto Blasts Imran Khan">{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-IRTB-14200|title=Fatima Bhutto Blasts Imran Khan|date=22 January 2012|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Nevertheless, Khan's approval rating since he became Prime Minister remained comparatively robust for an officeholder in Pakistani politics with a majority approving (51%), compared to 46% disapproval and 3% undecided.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gallup.com.pk/opinions-on-imran-khans-performance-at-51-around-half-of-pakistanis-express-a-favourable-opinion-on-imran-khans-performance-to-date-as-prime-minister-goodvery-good/|title=Opinions on Imran Khan's Performance: At 51%, around half of Pakistanis express a favourable opinion on Imran Khan's performance to date as Prime Minister (good/very good).|date=25 January 2019|website=Gallup Pakistan}}</ref> Other polls suggested his approval was as high as 57%.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1470150|title=IRI poll shows strong approval rating for PTI govt|newspaper=Dawn.com|date=17 March 2019|last1=Khan|first1=Iftikhar A.}}</ref> | ||
=== In popular culture === | === In popular culture === | ||
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In January 2015, it was announced that Khan married British-Pakistani journalist Reham Khan in a private [[Nikah]] ceremony at his residence in Islamabad.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1155695/imran-and-reham-khan-tie-the-knot-in-bani-gala | work=[[Dawn News]] | title=Imran and Reham Khan tied the knot in Bani Gala | date=8 January 2015 | access-date=8 January 2015 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108121954/http://www.dawn.com/news/1155695/imran-and-reham-khan-tie-the-knot-in-bani-gala | archive-date=8 January 2015 | df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/08/imran-khan-marries-ex-bbc-journalist-reham-khan-pakistan|title=Imran Khan marries ex-BBC journalist|author=Jon Boone|work=The Guardian|date=8 January 2015|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/08/imran-khan-marries-ex-bbc-journalist-reham-khan-pakistan|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> However, Reham Khan later states in her autobiography that they in fact got married in October 2014 but the announcement only came in January the year after. On 22 October, they announced their intention to file for divorce.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arynews.tv/en/imran-parts-ways-with-wife-reham-khan/|title=Imran, Reham decide to part ways after 10 months of marriage|work=arynews.tv|date=30 October 2015|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://arynews.tv/en/imran-parts-ways-with-wife-reham-khan/|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> | In January 2015, it was announced that Khan married British-Pakistani journalist Reham Khan in a private [[Nikah]] ceremony at his residence in Islamabad.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1155695/imran-and-reham-khan-tie-the-knot-in-bani-gala | work=[[Dawn News]] | title=Imran and Reham Khan tied the knot in Bani Gala | date=8 January 2015 | access-date=8 January 2015 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108121954/http://www.dawn.com/news/1155695/imran-and-reham-khan-tie-the-knot-in-bani-gala | archive-date=8 January 2015 | df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/08/imran-khan-marries-ex-bbc-journalist-reham-khan-pakistan|title=Imran Khan marries ex-BBC journalist|author=Jon Boone|work=The Guardian|date=8 January 2015|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jan/08/imran-khan-marries-ex-bbc-journalist-reham-khan-pakistan|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> However, Reham Khan later states in her autobiography that they in fact got married in October 2014 but the announcement only came in January the year after. On 22 October, they announced their intention to file for divorce.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arynews.tv/en/imran-parts-ways-with-wife-reham-khan/|title=Imran, Reham decide to part ways after 10 months of marriage|work=arynews.tv|date=30 October 2015|access-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106095135/http://arynews.tv/en/imran-parts-ways-with-wife-reham-khan/|archive-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> | ||
In mid-2016, late 2017 and early 2018, reports emerged that Khan had married his [[Spiritual direction|spiritual mentor]] (''[[murshid]]''), [[Bushra Bibi]]. Khan,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1140735/putting-rest-rumours-third-marriage-baseless-says-imran-khan/|title=Putting to rest: Rumours of third marriage are baseless, says Imran Khan – The Express Tribune|date=13 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1140052/rumours-imran-khans-third-marriage-baseless-pti-leader/|title=Will celebrate publicly when I get married: Imran Khan – The Express Tribune|date=12 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> PTI aides<ref>{{cite news|title=Imran Khan marries again?|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/264968-imran-khan-marries-again|access-date=6 January 2018|work=thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Imran Khan ties the knot again: report|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/01/06/imran-khan-ties-the-knot-again-report/|access-date=6 January 2018|work=pakistantoday.com.pk}}</ref> and members of the Manika family<ref>{{cite news|last1=Butt|first1=Shafiq|title=What brings PTI chief to a remote town?|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1349312|access-date=6 January 2018|work=dawn.com|date=3 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1141594/manika-family-clears-air-imrans-third-marriage/|title=Manika family clears the air on Imran's third marriage – The Express Tribune|date=14 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> denied the rumour. Khan termed the media "unethical" for spreading the rumour,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1141095/imran-slams-media-sharing-pictures-women-hes-never-met/|title=Imran slams media for sharing pictures of women he's 'never met' – The Express Tribune|date=13 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> and PTI filed a complaint against the news channels that had aired it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1141206/imrans-third-marriage-pti-files-complaint-media-spreading-disinformation/|title=Imran's third marriage: PTI files complaint against media for spreading 'disinformation' – The Express Tribune|date=13 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> On 7 January 2018, however, the PTI central secretariat issued a statement that said Khan had proposed to Manika, but she had not yet accepted his proposal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Imran Khan has proposed marriage to Bushra Maneka: PTI|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/175680-imran-khan-has-proposed-marriage-to-bushra-maneka-pti|access-date=7 January 2018|work=geo.tv}}</ref> On 18 February 2018, PTI confirmed Khan has married Manika.<ref>{{cite news|title=PTI confirms Imran Khan's marriage with Bushra Maneka|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/182576-pti-confirms-imran-khans-marriage-with-bushra-maneka|access-date=18 February 2018|work=geo.tv|date=18 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=PTI confirms Imran Khan's marriage to Bushra Manika|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1390200|access-date=18 February 2018|work=dawn.com|date=18 February 2018}}</ref> According to Khan, his life has been influenced by [[Sufism]] for three decades, and this is what drew him closer to his wife.<ref name="DM2">{{cite news|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1180500|title=I know more about physical attraction than anyone else: Imran Khan on his third marriage|work=Dawn|date=22 July 2018|access-date=19 August 2018}}</ref> | In mid-2016, late 2017 and early 2018, reports emerged that Khan had married his [[Spiritual direction|spiritual mentor]] (''[[murshid]]''), [[Bushra Bibi]]. Khan,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1140735/putting-rest-rumours-third-marriage-baseless-says-imran-khan/|title=Putting to rest: Rumours of third marriage are baseless, says Imran Khan – The Express Tribune|date=13 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1140052/rumours-imran-khans-third-marriage-baseless-pti-leader/|title=Will celebrate publicly when I get married: Imran Khan – The Express Tribune|date=12 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> PTI aides<ref>{{cite news|title=Imran Khan marries again?|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/264968-imran-khan-marries-again|access-date=6 January 2018|work=thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Imran Khan ties the knot again: report|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/01/06/imran-khan-ties-the-knot-again-report/|access-date=6 January 2018|work=pakistantoday.com.pk}}</ref> and members of the Manika family<ref>{{cite news|last1=Butt|first1=Shafiq|title=What brings PTI chief to a remote town?|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1349312|access-date=6 January 2018|work=dawn.com|date=3 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1141594/manika-family-clears-air-imrans-third-marriage/|title=Manika family clears the air on Imran's third marriage – The Express Tribune|date=14 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> denied the rumour. Khan termed the media "unethical" for spreading the rumour,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1141095/imran-slams-media-sharing-pictures-women-hes-never-met/|title=Imran slams media for sharing pictures of women he's 'never met' – The Express Tribune|date=13 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> and PTI filed a complaint against the news channels that had aired it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1141206/imrans-third-marriage-pti-files-complaint-media-spreading-disinformation/|title=Imran's third marriage: PTI files complaint against media for spreading 'disinformation' – The Express Tribune|date=13 July 2016|work=The Express Tribune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> On 7 January 2018, however, the PTI central secretariat issued a statement that said Khan had proposed to Manika, but she had not yet accepted his proposal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Imran Khan has proposed marriage to Bushra Maneka: PTI|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/175680-imran-khan-has-proposed-marriage-to-bushra-maneka-pti|access-date=7 January 2018|work=geo.tv}}</ref> On 18 February 2018, PTI confirmed Khan has married Manika.<ref>{{cite news|title=PTI confirms Imran Khan's marriage with Bushra Maneka|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/182576-pti-confirms-imran-khans-marriage-with-bushra-maneka|access-date=18 February 2018|work=geo.tv|date=18 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=PTI confirms Imran Khan's marriage to Bushra Manika|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1390200|access-date=18 February 2018|work=dawn.com|date=18 February 2018}}</ref> According to Khan, his life has been influenced by [[Sufism]] for three decades, and this is what drew him closer to his wife.<ref name="DM2">{{cite news|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1180500|title=I know more about physical attraction than anyone else: Imran Khan on his third marriage|work=Dawn|date=22 July 2018|access-date=19 August 2018}}</ref> The Mufti who conducted the marriage later testified to a court that Khan's nikah had been conducted twice. The first nikah was conducted on 1 January 2018, while his to-be wife was still in her [[Iddah|Iddat]], as Khan believed he would become prime minister if he married her on that date.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=The Newspaper's Staff |date=2023-04-13 |title=Imran married Bushra during Iddat, Mufti tells court |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1747419 |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> | ||
Khan resides in his sprawling farmhouse at Bani Gala.<ref name="declared">{{cite web|title=PTI publishes Imran's asset declaration|work=The Express Tribune|date=29 August 2012|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/427617/pti-publishes-imrans-asset-declaration/|access-date=29 August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830070224/http://tribune.com.pk/story/427617/pti-publishes-imrans-asset-declaration/|archive-date=30 August 2012}}</ref> In November 2009, Khan underwent emergency surgery at Lahore's Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital to remove an obstruction in his [[small intestine]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/other_international/pakistan/8352170.stm |work=BBC News | title=Imran Khan has emergency surgery | date=10 November 2009 | access-date=5 May 2010}}</ref> | Khan resides in his sprawling farmhouse at [[Bani Gala]].<ref name="declared">{{cite web|title=PTI publishes Imran's asset declaration|work=The Express Tribune|date=29 August 2012|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/427617/pti-publishes-imrans-asset-declaration/|access-date=29 August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830070224/http://tribune.com.pk/story/427617/pti-publishes-imrans-asset-declaration/|archive-date=30 August 2012}}</ref> In November 2009, Khan underwent emergency surgery at Lahore's Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital to remove an obstruction in his [[small intestine]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/other_international/pakistan/8352170.stm |work=BBC News | title=Imran Khan has emergency surgery | date=10 November 2009 | access-date=5 May 2010}}</ref> | ||
As of 2018, he owned [[Pets of Imran Khan|five pet dogs]], who resided in his estate.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sheru died years ago: Imran dismisses viral reports |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/189799-sheru-died-years-ago-imran-dismisses-viral-reports |access-date=6 August 2018 |work=Geo News}}</ref> | As of 2018, he owned [[Pets of Imran Khan|five pet dogs]], who resided in his estate.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sheru died years ago: Imran dismisses viral reports |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/189799-sheru-died-years-ago-imran-dismisses-viral-reports |access-date=6 August 2018 |work=Geo News}}</ref> | ||
== Awards and honours == | == Awards and honours == | ||
{{Main|List of awards and honours received by Imran Khan}} | {{Main|List of awards and honours received by Imran Khan}} | ||
===State honours === | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|-- | |||
! colspan=2 width="350px"| Decoration | |||
! width="150px"| Country | |||
! width="150px"| Date | |||
! width="300px"| Note | |||
! Ref. | |||
|- | |||
| [[File:Order of Bahrain, 1st class.png |100x100px|frameless]] | |||
| '''[[King Hamad Order of the Renaissance]]''' | |||
| {{flag |Bahrain}} | |||
| 17 December 2019 | |||
| ''First Class'', the highest honour of Bahrain awarded to foreign dignitaries | |||
|<ref name="Order of the Renaissance">{{cite news |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/584510|title=Imran awarded Bahrain's highest civil award|date=17 December 2019|work=The International|access-date=22 June 2023}}</ref> | |||
|} | |||
== Literary work == | == Literary work == | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
{{Portal|Cricket|Pakistan|Politics}} | |||
* [[Family of Imran Khan]] | * [[Family of Imran Khan]] | ||
* [[Goldschmidt family]] | * [[Goldschmidt family]] | ||
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* [[Player of the Match awards (cricket)]] | * [[Player of the Match awards (cricket)]] | ||
* [[List of sportsperson-politicians]] | * [[List of sportsperson-politicians]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Project Imran Khan]] | ||
<!-- * [[List of sledging incidents and fights in cricket]] --> | <!-- * [[List of sledging incidents and fights in cricket]] --> | ||
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=== Bibliography === | === Bibliography === | ||
{{refbegin|33em}} | {{refbegin|33em}} | ||
* {{citation| | * {{citation|first1=Chris|last1=Hutchins|author-link=Chris Hutchins|first2=Dominic|last2=Midgley|url={{Google books|mLxVDQAAQBAJ|page=PT163|plainurl=yes}}|title=Goldsmith: Money, Women and Power|date=2015|publisher=BookBaby|page=163|isbn=978-0-9933566-3-6}} | ||
* {{cite book | last = Tennant | first = Ivo | year = 1996 | title = Imran Khan | publisher=[[Trafalgar Square Publishing]] | isbn=978-0-575-05936-8}} | * {{cite book | last = Tennant | first = Ivo | year = 1996 | title = Imran Khan | publisher=[[Trafalgar Square Publishing]] | isbn=978-0-575-05936-8}} | ||
* {{cite book|last=Huzur|first=Frank|title=Imran Versus Imran: The Untold Story|url=http://www.frankhuzur.com/imran-vs-imran.html|year=2011|publisher=Falcon & Falcon|isbn=978-8192055107|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007041922/http://www.frankhuzur.com/imran-vs-imran.html|archive-date=7 October 2013}} | * {{cite book|last=Huzur|first=Frank|title=Imran Versus Imran: The Untold Story|url=http://www.frankhuzur.com/imran-vs-imran.html|year=2011|publisher=Falcon & Falcon|isbn=978-8192055107|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007041922/http://www.frankhuzur.com/imran-vs-imran.html|archive-date=7 October 2013}} | ||
*{{cite book | last = Sandford | first = Christopher|author-link=Christopher Sandford (biographer) | year = 2009 | title = Imran Khan: The Cricketer, the Celebrity, the Politician | publisher=[[HarperCollins]] | isbn= 978-0-00-731888-9}} | *{{cite book | last = Sandford | first = Christopher|author-link=Christopher Sandford (biographer) | year = 2009 | title = Imran Khan: The Cricketer, the Celebrity, the Politician | publisher=[[HarperCollins]] | isbn= 978-0-00-731888-9}} | ||
*{{cite book | last = Sadiq | first = B. J. | year = 2017 | title = Let There Be Justice: The Political Journey of Imran Khan | publisher=Fonthill Media | isbn= 978-1-78155-637-5}} | *{{cite book | last = Sadiq | first = B. J. | year = 2017 | title = Let There Be Justice: The Political Journey of Imran Khan | publisher=Fonthill Media | isbn= 978-1-78155-637-5}} | ||
* {{citation| | * {{citation|first=Reham|last=Khan|author-link=Reham Khan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52VmDwAAQBAJ|title=Reham Khan|date=2018|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers India|isbn=978-9-35-302322-5}} | ||
* {{citation | | * {{citation |first=Piers |last=Morgan|author-link=Piers Morgan|url={{Google books|oKXJxdjenHIC|page=PT64|plainurl=yes}}|title=The Insider: The Private Diaries of a Scandalous Decade|date=2012|publisher=Random House|isbn=978-1-4464-9168-3|page=81}} | ||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
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{{Pakistan Squad 1975 Cricket World Cup}} | {{Pakistan Squad 1975 Cricket World Cup}} | ||