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{{ | {{Short description|Seventeenth raga in the Melakarta}} | ||
{{for multi|the actress|Suryakantham (actress)|the film|Suryakantham (film)}} | |||
{{Use British English|date=November 2011}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}} | |||
{{Carnatic}} | |||
{{Infobox ragam | {{Infobox ragam | ||
| name = Suryakantam | | name = Suryakantam | ||
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| similar = | | similar = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Suryakantam''' or '''Sooryakantam''' (pronounced sūryakāntam) is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 17th ''[[melakarta]]'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called '''Chāyāvati''' in [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school of Carnatic music.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref><ref | '''Suryakantam''' or '''Sooryakantam''' (pronounced sūryakāntam) is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 17th ''[[melakarta]]'' rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called '''Chāyāvati''' in [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school of Carnatic music.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref><ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref> | ||
==Structure and Lakshana== | ==Structure and Lakshana== | ||
[[Image:Sooryakantam scale.svg|thumb|right|300px|''Suryakantam'' scale with ''shadjam'' at C]] | [[Image:Sooryakantam scale.svg|thumb|right|300px|''Suryakantam'' scale with ''shadjam'' at C]] | ||
It is the 5th rāgam in the 3rd ''chakra Agni''. The mnemonic name is ''Agni-Ma''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gu ma pa dhi nu''.<ref name="ragas" /> Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see [[Swara# | It is the 5th rāgam in the 3rd ''chakra Agni''. The mnemonic name is ''Agni-Ma''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gu ma pa dhi nu''.<ref name="ragas" /> Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see [[Swara#Svaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]] for details on below notation and terms): | ||
*[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S|R1|G3|M1|P|D2|N3|S'|foot=yes}} | *[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S|R1|G3|M1|P|D2|N3|S'|foot=yes}} | ||
*[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S'|N3|D2|P|M1|G3|R1|S|foot=yes}} | *[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S'|N3|D2|P|M1|G3|R1|S|foot=yes}} | ||
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*'' Ranga Manege Baro'' By [[Sripadaraja]] | *'' Ranga Manege Baro'' By [[Sripadaraja]] | ||
*''Muddumomu elagu'' by [[Thyagaraja]] | *''Muddumomu elagu'' by [[Thyagaraja]] | ||
*''Chayavathim'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] | |||
*''Takkuvemi manaku'' by [[Bhadrachala Ramadasu]] | *''Takkuvemi manaku'' by [[Bhadrachala Ramadasu]] | ||
*''Sri Sambasivaiyya'' by [[Muthiah Bhagavatar]] | *''Sri Sambasivaiyya'' by [[Muthiah Bhagavatar]] | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist | {{reflist}} | ||
{{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}} | {{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:18, 27 October 2025
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| Arohanam | S R₁ G₃ M₁ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ |
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| Avarohanam | Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S |
Suryakantam or Sooryakantam (pronounced sūryakāntam) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 17th melakarta rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Chāyāvati in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.[1][2]
Structure and Lakshana[edit | edit source]
It is the 5th rāgam in the 3rd chakra Agni. The mnemonic name is Agni-Ma. The mnemonic phrase is sa ra gu ma pa dhi nu.[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):
- ārohaṇa: S R₁ G₃ M₁ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ<
- avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S<
This scale uses the swaras, shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham and kakali nishadham. As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorṇa rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Gamanashrama, which is the 53rd melakarta scale.
Asampurna Melakarta[edit | edit source]
Chāyāvati is the 17th Melakarta in the original list compiled by Venkatamakhin. The notes used in the scale are the same, but the actual ascending scale is different, where-in the panchamam is not used.
- ārohaṇa: S R₁ G₃ M₁ D₂ N₃ Ṡ<
- avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S<
Janya rāgams[edit | edit source]
Suryakantam has many janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which Vasanta, Sowrashtram and Bhairavam are popular in concerts. See List of janya rāgams for those associated with Suryakantam.
Compositions[edit | edit source]
Here are a few common compositions sung in concerts, set to Suryakantam.
- Ranga Manege Baro By Sripadaraja
- Muddumomu elagu by Thyagaraja
- Chayavathim by Muthuswami Dikshitar
- Takkuvemi manaku by Bhadrachala Ramadasu
- Sri Sambasivaiyya by Muthiah Bhagavatar
- Kanavo ninaivo by Koteeswara Iyer
Related rāgams[edit | edit source]
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.
Suryakantam's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 2 melakarta rāgams, namely Senavati and Latangi. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Suryakantam.