Raj Ghat and associated memorials: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Gandhi Memorial.jpg|thumb|right|Raj Ghat, Delhi]]
[[File:Gandhi Memorial.jpg|thumb|right|Raj Ghat, Delhi]]
[[File:Inscribing at Raj Ghat.jpg|thumb|right|An Inscription at Raj Ghat]]
[[File:Inscribing at Raj Ghat.jpg|thumb|right|An inscription at Raj Ghat]]


'''Raj Ghat''' is a memorial dedicated to Mahatma Gandhi in [[Delhi]], [[India]]. Originally it was the name of a historic [[ghat]] of [[Old Delhi]] ([[Shahjahanabad]]). Close to it, and east of [[Daryaganj]] was ''Raj Ghat Gate'' of the walled city, opening at ''Raj Ghat'' to the west bank of the [[Yamuna River]].<ref>[[#Fa|Fanshawe, p. 67]]</ref><ref>[[:File:1863 Dispatch Atlas Map of Delhi, India - Geographicus - Delhi-dispatch-1867.jpg|1863 Atlas Map of Delhi]]</ref> Later the memorial area was also called ''Raj Ghat''. It is a black marble platform that marks the spot of Mahatma Gandhi's cremation, ''[[Antyeshti]]'' (last rites) on 31 January 1948, a day after his [[assassination of Mahatma Gandhi|assassination]]. It is left open to the sky while an [[eternal flame]] burns at one end. Located on Delhi's [[Ring Road, Delhi|Ring Road]], officially known as Mahatma Gandhi Road, a stone footpath flanked by lawns leads to the walled enclosure that houses the memorial. The materials used in the memorial, especially in the recesses, raise a few questions about the nature of Gandhian architecture in India. There is a difference between the architecture of Rajghat and a Gandhian low-cost housing architecture. Unlike the hard material faces of some portions of Rajghat, a Gandhian low-cost housing architecture has a decidedly perishable character. In this sense the event of the construction of the Raghat Memorial belongs within a more hard-modernist Gandhian architectural history in India, at a distinct remove from a Gandhian low-cost architectural history of perishable materials.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maddipati |first1=Venugopal |title=Gandhi and Architecture: A Time for Low-Cost Housing: The Philosophy of Finitude |url=https://www.academia.edu/42743173 |access-date=22 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
'''Raj Ghat''' is a memorial dedicated to [[Mahatma Gandhi]] in [[Delhi]], [[India]]. Originally it was the name of a historic [[ghat]] of [[Old Delhi]] ([[Shahjahanabad]]). Close to it, and east of [[Daryaganj]] was ''Raj Ghat Gate'' of the walled city, opening at ''Raj Ghat'' to the west bank of the [[Yamuna River]].<ref>[[#Fa|Fanshawe, p. 67]]</ref><ref>[[:File:1863 Dispatch Atlas Map of Delhi, India - Geographicus - Delhi-dispatch-1867.jpg|1863 Atlas Map of Delhi]]</ref> Later the memorial area was also called ''Raj Ghat''. It is a black marble platform that marks the spot of Mahatma Gandhi's cremation, ''[[Antyeshti]]'' (last rites) on 31 January 1948, a day after his [[assassination of Mahatma Gandhi|assassination]]. It is left open to the sky while an [[eternal flame]] burns at one end. Located on Delhi's [[Ring Road, Delhi|Ring Road]], officially known as Mahatma Gandhi Road, a stone footpath flanked by lawns leads to the walled enclosure that houses the memorial. The materials used in the memorial, especially in the recesses, raise a few questions about the nature of Gandhian architecture in India. There is a difference between the architecture of Rajghat and a Gandhian low-cost housing architecture. Unlike the hard material faces of some portions of Rajghat, a Gandhian low-cost housing architecture has a decidedly perishable character. In this sense the event of the construction of the Rajghat Memorial belongs within a more hard-modernist Gandhian architectural history in India, distinctly removed from a Gandhian low-cost architectural history of perishable materials.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maddipati |first1=Venugopal |title=Gandhi and Architecture: A Time for Low-Cost Housing: The Philosophy of Finitude |url=https://www.academia.edu/42743173 |access-date=22 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref>


==Other memorials in the Raj Ghat area==
==Other memorials in the Raj Ghat area==
Raj Ghat loosely translates to ''Royal Steps'' (with "royal" alluding to the importance of the place and "steps" referencing the bank of [[Yamuna|Yamuna River]]).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maddipati |first1=Venugopal |title=When Landscape Became King: A Short Note on the Ascendancy of the Immediate Present as the Sovereign of Rajghat |journal=LA Journal of Landscape Architecture, India. |url=https://www.academia.edu/36919706 |access-date=27 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Several other ''[[Samadhi (shrine)|samadhis]]'' or cremation spots of other famous leaders can be found in the vicinity of Raj Ghat. The landscaping and planting of these memorials was performed by Alick Percy-Lancaster, the last Englishman to hold the post of Superintendent of Horticultural Operations, Government of India.
Raj Ghat loosely translates to ''Royal Steps'' (with "royal" alluding to the importance of the place and "steps" referencing the bank of the [[Yamuna|Yamuna River]]).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Maddipati |first1=Venugopal |title=When Landscape Became King: A Short Note on the Ascendancy of the Immediate Present as the Sovereign of Rajghat |journal=LA Journal of Landscape Architecture, India. |url=https://www.academia.edu/36919706 |access-date=27 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Several other ''[[Samadhi (shrine)|samadhis]]'' or cremation spots of other famous leaders can be found in the vicinity of Raj Ghat. The landscaping and planting of these memorials was performed by Alick Percy-Lancaster, the last Englishman to hold the post of Superintendent of Horticultural Operations, Government of India.


[[Jawaharlal Nehru]]'s samadhi is to the north of the Raj Ghat and is known as the ''Shantivan'' meaning the "garden of peace". Adjacent to Nehru's memorial is ''Ekta Sthal'', the site where [[Zail Singh]], [[List of Presidents of India|7th]] [[President of India]], was cremated with full state honours in 2005.
[[Jawaharlal Nehru]]'s samadhi is to the north of the Raj Ghat and is known as the ''Shantivan'' meaning the "garden of peace". Adjacent to Nehru's memorial is ''Ekta Sthal'', the site where [[Zail Singh]], [[List of Presidents of India|7th]] [[President of India]], was cremated with full state honours in 2005.
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|-  
|-  
| [[Mahatma Gandhi]]
| [[Mahatma Gandhi]]
| [[Freedom fighter]] and one of the founding fathers of Nation
| Leader of the [[Indian independence movement]]
| 1948
| 1948
| ''Raj Ghat''
| ''Raj Ghat''
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|-  
|-  
| [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
| [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
| [[1st Prime Minister of India]]
| 1st [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 1964
| 1964
| ''Shantivan''
| ''Shantivan''
Line 52: Line 52:
|-
|-
| [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]
| [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]
| 2nd [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 2nd Prime Minister of India
| 1966
| 1966
| ''Vijay Ghat''
| ''Vijay Ghat''
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|-  
|-  
| [[Indira Gandhi]]
| [[Indira Gandhi]]
| 3rd [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 3rd Prime Minister of India
| 1984
| 1984
| ''Shakti Sthal''
| ''[[Shakti sthal]]''
| Place of Strength
| Place of Strength
| 45  
| 45  
Line 69: Line 69:
|-
|-
|[[Jagjivan Ram]]
|[[Jagjivan Ram]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;"|[[Deputy Prime Minister of India]]
| 4th [[Deputy Prime Minister of India]]
| 1986
| 1986
| ''Samta Sthal''
| ''Samta Sthal''
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|-  
|-  
| [[Charan Singh]]
| [[Charan Singh]]
| 5th [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 5th Prime Minister of India
| 1987
| 1987
| ''Kisan Ghat''
| ''Kisan Ghat''
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|-  
|-  
| [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
| [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
| 6th [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 6th Prime Minister of India
| 1991
| 1991
| ''Veer Bhumi''
| ''Veer Bhumi''
Line 93: Line 93:
|-
|-
| [[Zail Singh]]
| [[Zail Singh]]
| [[President of India]]
| 7th [[President of India]]
| 1994
| 1994
| ''Ekta Sthal''
| ''Ekta Sthal''
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|-
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;"|[[Shankar Dayal Sharma]]<ref name="tribune2">{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99dec29/nation.htm|title=Tearful farewell to S.D. Sharma|date=28 December 1999|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|publisher=The Tribune Trust|access-date=21 December 2008}}</ref>
| style="white-space:nowrap;"|[[Shankar Dayal Sharma]]<ref name="tribune2">{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/1999/99dec29/nation.htm|title=Tearful farewell to S.D. Sharma|date=28 December 1999|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|publisher=The Tribune Trust|access-date=21 December 2008}}</ref>
| President of India
| 9th President of India
| 1999
| 1999
| ''Karma Bhumi''
| ''Karma Bhumi''
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|-
|-
| [[Devi Lal]]
| [[Devi Lal]]
| Deputy Prime Minister of India
| 6th Deputy Prime Minister of India
| 2001
| 2001
| style="white-space:nowrap;"|''Sangharsh Sthal''
| style="white-space:nowrap;"|''Sangharsh Sthal''
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|-
|-
| [[K. R. Narayanan]]  
| [[K. R. Narayanan]]  
| President of India And Vice President of India
| 10th President of India
|2005
|2005
|'' Uday Bhumi''
|'' Uday Bhumi''
|Located in Delhi Christian Community Cemetery New Delhi
|Located in Delhi Christian Community Cemetery New Delhi
|
|
|
| —
|-
|-
| [[Chandra Shekhar]]
| [[Chandra Shekhar]]
| 8th [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 8th Prime Minister of India
| 2007
| 2007
| ''Jannayak Sthal''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Former-PM-Chandrashekhars-samadhi-to-be-called-Jannayak-Sthal/articleshow/47022230.cms|title=Former PM Chandrashekhar's samadhi to be called Jannayak Sthal|date=23 April 2015|work=The Times of India|access-date=19 November 2015}}</ref>
| ''Jannayak Sthal''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Former-PM-Chandrashekhars-samadhi-to-be-called-Jannayak-Sthal/articleshow/47022230.cms|title=Former PM Chandrashekhar's samadhi to be called Jannayak Sthal|date=23 April 2015|work=The Times of India|access-date=19 November 2015}}</ref>
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|-
|-
| [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
| [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
| 12th [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 12th Prime Minister of India
| 2012
| 2012
| ''Smriti Sthal''
| ''Smriti Sthal''
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|-
|-
| [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| 10th [[Prime Minister of India]]
| 10th Prime Minister of India
| 2018
| 2018
| ''Sadaiv Atal''
| ''Sadaiv Atal''
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==External links==
==External links==
{{coord|28.640550|N|77.249433|E|region:IN-DL_type:landmark_scale:50|display=title}}
{{commons category|Rajghat}}
{{commons category|Rajghat}}
* [http://www.delhitourism.gov.in/delhitourism/tourist_place/memorial_delhi.jsp India official tourism website]
* [http://www.delhitourism.gov.in/delhitourism/tourist_place/memorial_delhi.jsp India official tourism website]
{{coord|28.6406|N|77.2495|E|region:IN-DL_type:landmark|display=title}}


{{Delhi}}
{{Delhi}}
{{Gandhi}}
{{Gandhi}}


[[Category:Eternal flames]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Delhi]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Delhi]]
[[Category:Memorials to Mahatma Gandhi]]
[[Category:Memorials to Mahatma Gandhi]]
[[Category:Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi]]
[[Category:Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi]]

Latest revision as of 10:47, 4 January 2022


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Raj Ghat, Delhi
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An inscription at Raj Ghat

Raj Ghat is a memorial dedicated to Mahatma Gandhi in Delhi, India. Originally it was the name of a historic ghat of Old Delhi (Shahjahanabad). Close to it, and east of Daryaganj was Raj Ghat Gate of the walled city, opening at Raj Ghat to the west bank of the Yamuna River.[1][2] Later the memorial area was also called Raj Ghat. It is a black marble platform that marks the spot of Mahatma Gandhi's cremation, Antyeshti (last rites) on 31 January 1948, a day after his assassination. It is left open to the sky while an eternal flame burns at one end. Located on Delhi's Ring Road, officially known as Mahatma Gandhi Road, a stone footpath flanked by lawns leads to the walled enclosure that houses the memorial. The materials used in the memorial, especially in the recesses, raise a few questions about the nature of Gandhian architecture in India. There is a difference between the architecture of Rajghat and a Gandhian low-cost housing architecture. Unlike the hard material faces of some portions of Rajghat, a Gandhian low-cost housing architecture has a decidedly perishable character. In this sense the event of the construction of the Rajghat Memorial belongs within a more hard-modernist Gandhian architectural history in India, distinctly removed from a Gandhian low-cost architectural history of perishable materials.[3]

Other memorials in the Raj Ghat area[edit | edit source]

Raj Ghat loosely translates to Royal Steps (with "royal" alluding to the importance of the place and "steps" referencing the bank of the Yamuna River).[4] Several other samadhis or cremation spots of other famous leaders can be found in the vicinity of Raj Ghat. The landscaping and planting of these memorials was performed by Alick Percy-Lancaster, the last Englishman to hold the post of Superintendent of Horticultural Operations, Government of India.

Jawaharlal Nehru's samadhi is to the north of the Raj Ghat and is known as the Shantivan meaning the "garden of peace". Adjacent to Nehru's memorial is Ekta Sthal, the site where Zail Singh, 7th President of India, was cremated with full state honours in 2005.

The Raj Ghat area has a park adorned with trees planted by visiting dignitaries and heads of state.

List of memorials in the Raj Ghat area
Name Title Year of death Memorial name Meaning Area
(acres)[5] 		Feature
Mahatma Gandhi Leader of the Indian independence movement 1948 Raj Ghat Royal Platform 5.1 Blue marble platform
Jawaharlal Nehru 1st Prime Minister of India 1964 Shantivan Garden of Peace 52.6 A large plinth covered with a lawn
Lal Bahadur Shastri 2nd Prime Minister of India 1966 Vijay Ghat Victory Platform 40 The victory alluded to in the name of the memorial is India's performance under his leadership in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.
Indira Gandhi 3rd Prime Minister of India 1984 Shakti sthal Place of Strength 45 A huge greyish-red monolithic stone
Jagjivan Ram 4th Deputy Prime Minister of India 1986 Samta Sthal Place of Equality 12.5 —
Charan Singh 5th Prime Minister of India 1987 Kisan Ghat Farmer's Platform 19 —
Rajiv Gandhi 6th Prime Minister of India 1991 Veer Bhumi Land of Brave 15 A large lotus in full bloom carved out of stone surrounded by 46 small lotuses to signify the years he lived; rocks from all the states of India are spread around.[6]
Zail Singh 7th President of India 1994 Ekta Sthal Place of Unity 22.56 —
Shankar Dayal Sharma[7] 9th President of India 1999 Karma Bhumi Land of Duty Located near Vijay Ghat.
Devi Lal 6th Deputy Prime Minister of India 2001 Sangharsh Sthal Place of Struggle Located near Kisan Ghat.
K. R. Narayanan 10th President of India 2005 Uday Bhumi Located in Delhi Christian Community Cemetery New Delhi —
Chandra Shekhar 8th Prime Minister of India 2007 Jannayak Sthal[8] Place of People's Leader —
Inder Kumar Gujral 12th Prime Minister of India 2012 Smriti Sthal Place of Remembrance —
Atal Bihari Vajpayee 10th Prime Minister of India 2018 Sadaiv Atal Firm Forever 1.5 Located near Vijay Ghat and Raj Ghat, New Delhi

Gallery[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Fanshawe, p. 67
  2. ↑ 1863 Atlas Map of Delhi
  3. ↑ Maddipati, Venugopal. "Gandhi and Architecture: A Time for Low-Cost Housing: The Philosophy of Finitude". Retrieved 22 August 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. ↑ Maddipati, Venugopal. "When Landscape Became King: A Short Note on the Ascendancy of the Immediate Present as the Sovereign of Rajghat". LA Journal of Landscape Architecture, India. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
  5. ↑ "No space for 'samadhis', VVIPs to share memorial place in Delhi". Rediff.com. 16 May 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2013.
  6. ↑ "'Rajiv' to bloom at Veer Bhumi". The Tribune Trust. 18 August 2004. Retrieved 21 December 2008.
  7. ↑ "Tearful farewell to S.D. Sharma". The Tribune. The Tribune Trust. 28 December 1999. Retrieved 21 December 2008.
  8. ↑ "Former PM Chandrashekhar's samadhi to be called Jannayak Sthal". The Times of India. 23 April 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2015.

Sources[edit | edit source]

Further reading[edit | edit source]

  • Venugopal Maddipati (2020). Gandhi and Architecture: A Time for Low-Cost Housing. ISBN 9780367199456

External links[edit | edit source]

28°38′26″N 77°14′58″E / 28.6406°N 77.2495°E / 28.6406; 77.2495

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