State legislative assemblies of India: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Lower house (or only house) of an Indian state, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, or Pondocherry}}
{{short description|Lower house (or only house) of an Indian state, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, or Pondocherry}}
{{for|the upper house|State legislative councils of India}}
{{for|the upper house|State legislative councils of India}}
The '''State Legislative Assembly''', or '''Vidhan Sabha''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Vidhan_Sabha |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/vidhan+sabha |website=[[Collins English Dictionary]] |publisher=[[HarperCollins Publishers]] |date=2014}}</ref> is a legislative body in the states and union territories of [[India]]. In the [[States and union territories of India|22 states]] and [[Union territory|3 union territories]] with a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] [[State legislature (India)|state legislature]], it is the sole legislative body and in 6 states it is the [[lower house]] of their [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] state legislatures with the [[upper house]] being [[State legislative councils of India|State Legislative Council]]. 5 Union territories are governed directly by the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]] and have no legislative body.
The '''State Legislative Assembly''', or '''Vidhan Sabha''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Vidhan_Sabha |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/vidhan+sabha |website=[[Collins English Dictionary]] |publisher=[[HarperCollins Publishers]] |date=2014}}</ref> or also '''Saasana Sabha''' is a legislative body in the states and union territories of [[India]]. In the [[States and union territories of India|22 states]] and 3 [[Union territory|union territories]] with a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] [[State legislature (India)|state legislature]], it is the sole legislative body and in 6 states it is the [[lower house]] of their [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] state legislatures with the [[upper house]] being [[State legislative councils of India|State Legislative Council]]. 5 union territories are governed directly by the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]] and have no legislative body.


Each [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) is directly elected to serve 5 year terms by [[Single-member district|single-member constituencies]]. The [[Constitution of India]] states that a State Legislative Assembly must have no less than 60 and no more than 500 members however an exception may be granted via an [[List of Acts of the Parliament of India|Act]] of [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] as is the case in the states of [[Goa]], [[Sikkim]], [[Mizoram]] and the union territory of [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] which have fewer than 60 members. A State Legislative Assembly may be [[dissolution of parliament|dissolved]] in a [[State of Emergency in India|state of emergency]], by the [[Governor (India)|Governor]] on request of the [[Chief Minister (India)|Chief Minister]], or if a [[motion of no confidence]] is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.<ref>{{Cite web|title=State Legislative Assemblies|url=https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf|website=www.india.gov.in|access-date=2018-12-12}}</ref>
Each [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) is directly elected to serve 5 year terms by [[Single-member district|single-member constituencies]]. The [[Constitution of India]] states that a State Legislative Assembly must have no less than 60 and no more than 500 members however an exception may be granted via an [[List of Acts of the Parliament of India|Act]] of [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] as is the case in the states of [[Goa]], [[Sikkim]], [[Mizoram]] and the union territory of [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] which have fewer than 60 members. A State Legislative Assembly may be [[dissolution of parliament|dissolved]] in a [[State of Emergency in India|state of emergency]], by the [[Governor (India)|Governor]] on request of the [[Chief Minister (India)|Chief Minister]], or if a [[motion of no confidence]] is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.<ref>{{Cite web|title=State Legislative Assemblies|url=https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf|website=www.india.gov.in|access-date=2018-12-12}}</ref>


==Qualifications required to become an MLA==
==Member of Legislative Assembly==
To become a member of a State Legislative Assembly (MLA), a person must be a [[Indian nationality law|citizen of India]], not less than 25 years of age, should be [[sanity|mentally sound]], should not be [[bankruptcy|bankrupt]], and must be enrolled on the voters' list of the state for which he or she is contesting an election. He or she may not be a [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]] and Member of the State Legislative Council at the same time. He or she should also state an [[affidavit]] that there are no [[criminal procedure]]s against him or her.  
To become a member of a State Legislative Assembly ( voters' list of the state for which he or she is contesting an election. He or she may not be a [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]] and Member of the State Legislative Council at the same time. He or she should also state that there are no [[criminal procedure]]s against him or her.
 
A State Legislative Assembly holds equal legislative power with the [[upper house]] of state legislature, the State Legislative Council, except in the area of [[Dissolution of parliament|dissolution]] of [[State governments of India|state government]] and passing of [[money bill]]s, in which case the State Legislative Assembly has the ultimate authority.
A State Legislative Assembly holds equal legislative power with the [[upper house]] of state legislature, the State Legislative Council, except in the area of [[Dissolution of parliament|dissolution]] of [[State governments of India|state government]] and passing of [[money bill]]s, in which case the State Legislative Assembly has the ultimate authority.


Powers of legislative assemblies are given below:
Powers of legislative assemblies are given below:
* A [[motion of no confidence]] against the government in the state can only be introduced in the State Legislative Assembly. If it is passed by a majority vote, then the [[Chief Minister (India)|Chief Minister]] and her/his [[Cabinet (government)|Council of Ministers]] must [[cabinet collective responsibility|collectively]] resign.
* A [[motion of no confidence]] against the government in the state can only be introduced in the State Legislative Assembly. If it is passed by a majority vote, then the [[Chief Minister (India)|Chief Minister]] and her/his [[Cabinet (government)|Council of Ministers]] must [[cabinet collective responsibility|collectively]] resign.
* A [[money bill]] can only be introduced in State Legislative Assembly. In bicameral jurisdictions, after it is passed in the State Legislative Assembly, it is sent to the [[State legislative councils of India|State Legislative Council]], where it can be kept for a maximum time of 14 days.
* A [[money bill]] can only be introduced in State Legislative Assembly. In bicameral jurisdictions, after it is passed in the State Legislative Assembly, it is sent to the [[State legislative councils of India|State Legislative Council]], where it can be kept for a maximum time of 14 days.
* In matters related to ordinary bills, the will of State Legislative Assembly prevails and there is no provision of [[joint session|joint sitting]]. In such cases, State Legislative Council can delay the legislation by maximum 4 months (3 months in first visit and 1 month in the second visit of the bill).
* In matters related to ordinary bills, the will of State Legislative Assembly prevails and there is no provision of [[joint session|joint sitting]]. In such cases, State Legislative Council can delay the legislation by maximum 4 months (3 months in first visit and 1 month in the second visit of the bill).
* Legislative Assembly of the state has to power to create or abolish the State Legislative Council by passing a resolution to that effect by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Explainer: Why Jagan Reddy wants to abolish the legislative council in Andhra Pradesh|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/01/28/explainer-what-are-state-legislative-councils-and-why-did-andhra-pradesh-abolish-it.html}}</ref>
* Legislative Assembly of the state has to power to create or abolish the State Legislative Council by passing a resolution to that effect by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Explainer: Why Jagan Reddy wants to abolish the legislative council in Andhra Pradesh|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/01/28/explainer-what-are-state-legislative-councils-and-why-did-andhra-pradesh-abolish-it.html}}</ref>


==Current State Legislative Assemblies==
==Current State Legislative Assemblies==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Names !! Image !! Constituencies !! Seat/ state capital !! No. of seats
! Assembly !! Image !! Constituencies !! Seat(s) !! House strength
! colspan="2" | Ruling party !! Current term
! colspan="2" | Ruling party !! Current house
|-
|-
|[[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
Line 31: Line 27:
|Fifteenth  
|Fifteenth  
|-
|-
|[[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
|||[[List of constituencies of the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Itanagar]]|| 60
|||[[List of constituencies of the Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Itanagar]]|| 60
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
Line 41: Line 37:
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|Thirteenth
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]  
Line 83: Line 79:
|Fourteenth
|Fourteenth
|-
|-
| [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
||| [[List of constituencies of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Shimla]] {{small|(summer)}} and<br>[[Dharamshala]] {{small|(winter)}}
| [[File:Himachal Pradesh e-Assembly.jpg|frameless|250px]]
|| [[List of constituencies of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Shimla]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Dharamshala]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| 68
|| 68
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
Line 92: Line 89:
| [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]  
||| [[List of constituencies of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|List]]
||| [[List of constituencies of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|List]]
|| [[Srinagar]] {{small|(summer)}}<br>& [[Jammu]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| [[Srinagar]] {{small|(summer)}}<br />[[Jammu]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| 85<sup>†</sup>
|| 85<sup>†</sup>
| colspan="3"|<center>N/A<br />{{small|([[President's rule]])}}</center>
|bgcolor="grey"|
| colspan="2"|<center>N/A<br />([[President's rule]])</center>
|-
|-
| [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]  
Line 103: Line 101:
|-
|-
| [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[File:Vidhana Souda , Bangalore.jpg|frameless|125px]] [[File:Suvarna Vidhana Soudha.jpg|frameless|125px]] ||[[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly|List]]
| [[File:Vidhana Souda , Bangalore.jpg|frameless|250px]] [[File:Suvarna Vidhana Soudha.jpg|frameless|250px]] ||[[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly|List]]
|| [[Bangalore]] {{small|(summer)}}<br> and [[Belgaum]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| [[Bangalore]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Belgaum]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| 224
|| 224
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
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|style="background-color: {{Communist Party of India (Marxist)/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Communist Party of India (Marxist)/meta/color}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|Fourteenth
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]  
Line 123: Line 121:
|-
|-
| [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[File:Vidhan Bhavan1.jpg|frameless|125px]]
|[[File:Vidhan Bhavan1.jpg|frameless|250px]]
|| [[List of constituencies of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Mumbai]] {{small|(summer)}}<br>& [[Nagpur]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| [[List of constituencies of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Mumbai]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Nagpur]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| 288
|| 288
|style="background-color: {{Shiv Sena/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Shiv Sena/meta/color}}" |
Line 162: Line 160:
| [[Puducherry Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Puducherry Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[File:Pondicherry Legislative Assembly.jpg|frameless|125px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] || 33<sup>‡</sup>
|[[File:Pondicherry Legislative Assembly.jpg|frameless|125px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] || 33<sup>‡</sup>
| colspan="3"|<center>N/A<br />{{small|([[President's rule]])}}</center>
|style="background-color: {{All India N.R. Congress/meta/color}}" |
|[[All India N.R. Congress]]
|Fifteenth
|-
|-
| [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]]  
Line 184: Line 184:
| [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]  
| [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[File:Fort St. George, Chennai 2.jpg|frameless|250x250px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Chennai]] || 234
|[[File:Fort St. George, Chennai 2.jpg|frameless|250x250px]]|| [[List of constituencies of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Chennai]] || 234
|style="background-color: {{All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam/meta/color}}" |
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|[[15th Tamil Nadu Assembly|Fifteenth]]
|[[16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|Sixteenth]]
|-
|-
|[[Telangana Legislative Assembly]]  
|[[Telangana Legislative Assembly]]  
Line 207: Line 207:
|-
|-
| [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]
||| [[List of constituencies of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Gairsain]] {{small|(summer)}}<br>& [[Dehradun]] {{small|(winter)}}
||| [[List of constituencies of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|List]] || [[Gairsain]] {{small|(summer)}}<br/ >[[Dehradun]] {{small|(winter)}}
|| 70
|| 70
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
Line 217: Line 217:
|style="background-color: {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}" |
|style="background-color: {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}" |
|[[All India Trinamool Congress]]
|[[All India Trinamool Congress]]
|Sixteenth
|Seventeenth
|-
|-
| Total  
| Total  
|| <center>{{em dash}}</center> || <center>{{em dash}}</center> || <center>{{em dash}}</center> || 4,121<ref>{{cite web|title=Election Commission of India|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/seat_in_legislativeassembilies.aspx|publisher=eci.nic.in|access-date=12 January 2017}}</ref>
|| <center>{{em dash}}</center> || <center>{{em dash}}</center> || <center>{{em dash}}</center> || 4,121<ref>{{cite web|title=Election Commission of India|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/seat_in_legislativeassembilies.aspx|publisher=eci.nic.in|access-date=12 January 2017}}</ref>
| colspan="3" | <center>{{em dash}}</center>
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | {{em dash}}  
|}
|}


Line 227: Line 227:
[[File:State- and union territory-level parties.svg|alt=|thumb|350x350px|Current ruling parties in India
[[File:State- and union territory-level parties.svg|alt=|thumb|350x350px|Current ruling parties in India
{{legend|#FF9933|BJP (12)}}
{{legend|#FF9933|BJP (12)}}
{{legend|#FFC969|[[National Democratic Alliance|Coalition with BJP]] (6)}}
{{legend|#FFC969|[[National Democratic Alliance|BJP as junior partner]] (6)}}
{{legend|#00BFFF|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (3)}}{{Legend|#00EBFF|[[United Progressive Alliance|Coalition with INC]] (2)}}
{{legend|#00BFFF|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (3)}}{{Legend|#00EBFF|[[United Progressive Alliance|INC as junior partner]] (3)}}
{{legend|#FF0001|Other parties ([[Aam Admi Party|AAP]], [[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]], [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]], [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]], [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi|TRS]] and [[YSR Congress Party|YSRCP]]) (6)}}
{{legend|#FF0001|Other parties ([[Aam Admi Party|AAP]], [[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]], [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]], [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]], [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi|TRS]] and [[YSR Congress Party|YSRCP]]) (6)}}
{{legend|#000000|[[President's rule]] (2)}}
{{legend|#000000|[[President's rule]] (1)}}
{{legend|#808080|[[Union territory|No legislature]] (5)}}]]
{{legend|#808080|[[Union territory|No legislature]] (5)}}]]


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="2" | Ruling party  
! colspan="2" | Ruling party  
! States/Union territories
! States/ UTs
! colspan="2" | Alliance
! colspan="2" | Alliance
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
| colspan="5" |'''State Govts Ruled By BJP & NDA'''
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|12
|12
|style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[National Democratic Alliance]]
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Indian National Congress/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Biju Janata Dal/meta/color}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
|3
|1
|style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[United Progressive Alliance]]
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Aam Aadmi Party/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Janata Dal (United)/meta/color}}" |
|[[Aam Aadmi Party]]
|[[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]]
|1
|1
|bgcolor=FF0001|
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|Others
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Telangana Rashtra Samithi/meta/color}}" |
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi|TRS]]  
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[National Democratic Alliance]]
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Sikkim Krantikari Morcha/meta/color}}" |
|[[All India Trinamool Congress]]
|[[Sikkim Krantikari Morcha|SKM]]
|1
|1
|bgcolor=FF0001|
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|Others
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Biju Janata Dal/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Mizo National Front/meta/color}}" |
|[[Biju Janata Dal]]
|[[Mizo National Front|MNF]]  
|1
|1
|bgcolor=FF0001|
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|Others
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Communist Party of India (Marxist)/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{National People's Party (India)/meta/color}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[National People's Party (India)|NPP]]
|1
|1
|bgcolor=FF0001|
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|Others
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Janata Dal (United)/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{All India N.R. Congress/meta/color}}" |
|[[Janata Dal (United)]]
|[[All India N.R. Congress|AINRC]]
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[National Democratic Alliance]]
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{YSR Congress Party/meta/color}}" |
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
|[[YSR Congress Party|YSRCP]]
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}"|  
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[United Progressive Alliance]]
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Mizo National Front/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party/meta/color}}" |
|[[Mizo National Front]]
|[[Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party|NDPP]]
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[National Democratic Alliance]]
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{National People's Party (India)/meta/color}}" |
| colspan="5" |'''State Govts Ruled by INC & UPA'''
|[[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{Indian National Congress/meta/color}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|3
| style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam/meta/color}}" |
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[National Democratic Alliance]]
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Jharkhand Mukti Morcha/meta/color}}" |
|[[Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party]]
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|JMM]]
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[National Democratic Alliance]]
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Shiv Sena/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Shiv Sena/meta/color}}" |
|[[Shiv Sena]]
|[[Shiv Sena|SHS]]
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[United Progressive Alliance]]
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Sikkim Krantikari Morcha/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Aam Aadmi Party/meta/color}}" |
|[[Sikkim Krantikari Morcha]]
|[[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
|1
|1
|style="background-color: {{National Democratic Alliance/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|[[National Democratic Alliance]]
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{Telangana Rashtra Samithi/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{All India Trinamool Congress/meta/color}}" |
|[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]
|[[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]]
|1
|1
|bgcolor=FF0001|
| style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|Others
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
|-
|style="background-color: {{YSR Congress Party/meta/color}}" |
| style="background-color: {{Communist Party of India (Marxist)/meta/color}}" |
|[[YSR Congress Party]]
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
|1
|1
|bgcolor=FF0001|
| style="background-color: {{United Progressive Alliance/meta/color}}" |
|Others
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|}
|}


==Former State Legislative Assemblies==
==Former State Legislative Assemblies==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Names
! Assembly
! Seat/ state capital
! Seat
! Period Active
! Period active
! Abolished by
! Abolished by
|-
|-
| [[Ajmer Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Ajmer Legislative Assembly]]
|| [[Ajmer]] || 1950 - 1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Ajmer]] || 1950–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|-
|-
| [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]]
|| [[Mumbai|Bombay]] || 1937 - 1960 || Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960 & later replaced by [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]].
|| [[Mumbai|Bombay]] || 1950–1960 || Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960.
|-
|-
| [[Coorg Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Coorg Legislative Assembly]]
|| [[Madikeri|Mercara]] || 1950 - 1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Madikeri|Mercara]] || 1950–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|-
|-
|Hyderabad Legislative Assembly
|Hyderabad Legislative Assembly
|| [[Hyderabad]] || 1952 - 1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Hyderabad]] || 1952–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|-
|-
| [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union Legislative Assembly|PEPSU Legislative Assembly]]
| [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union Legislative Assembly|PEPSU Legislative Assembly]]
|| [[Patiala]] || 1950 - 1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
|| [[Patiala]] || 1950–1956 || [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]].
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*[[Legislative assembly]]
*[[Legislative assembly]]
*[[State governments of India]]
*[[State governments of India]]
*[[State Assembly elections in India]]
*[[List of Indian state legislative assembly elections]]
*[[Politics of India]]
*[[Politics of India]]


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{{Elections in India}}
{{Elections in India}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:State Legislative Assembly}}
[[Category:State legislatures of India|*]]
[[Category:State legislatures of India|*]]
[[Category:State lower houses in India]]
[[Category:State lower houses in India]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:State Legislative Assembly}}

Revision as of 13:18, 28 August 2021


For the upper house, see State legislative councils of India.

The State Legislative Assembly, or Vidhan Sabha,[1] or also Saasana Sabha is a legislative body in the states and union territories of India. In the 22 states and 3 union territories with a unicameral state legislature, it is the sole legislative body and in 6 states it is the lower house of their bicameral state legislatures with the upper house being State Legislative Council. 5 union territories are governed directly by the Union Government of India and have no legislative body.

Each Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) is directly elected to serve 5 year terms by single-member constituencies. The Constitution of India states that a State Legislative Assembly must have no less than 60 and no more than 500 members however an exception may be granted via an Act of Parliament as is the case in the states of Goa, Sikkim, Mizoram and the union territory of Puducherry which have fewer than 60 members. A State Legislative Assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the Governor on request of the Chief Minister, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.[2]

Member of Legislative Assembly

To become a member of a State Legislative Assembly ( voters' list of the state for which he or she is contesting an election. He or she may not be a Member of Parliament and Member of the State Legislative Council at the same time. He or she should also state that there are no criminal procedures against him or her. A State Legislative Assembly holds equal legislative power with the upper house of state legislature, the State Legislative Council, except in the area of dissolution of state government and passing of money bills, in which case the State Legislative Assembly has the ultimate authority.

Powers of legislative assemblies are given below:

  • A motion of no confidence against the government in the state can only be introduced in the State Legislative Assembly. If it is passed by a majority vote, then the Chief Minister and her/his Council of Ministers must collectively resign.
  • A money bill can only be introduced in State Legislative Assembly. In bicameral jurisdictions, after it is passed in the State Legislative Assembly, it is sent to the State Legislative Council, where it can be kept for a maximum time of 14 days.
  • In matters related to ordinary bills, the will of State Legislative Assembly prevails and there is no provision of joint sitting. In such cases, State Legislative Council can delay the legislation by maximum 4 months (3 months in first visit and 1 month in the second visit of the bill).
  • Legislative Assembly of the state has to power to create or abolish the State Legislative Council by passing a resolution to that effect by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting.[3]

Current State Legislative Assemblies

Assembly Image Constituencies Seat(s) House strength Ruling party Current house
Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Andhra Pradesh Secretariat.jpg List Amaravati 175 YSR Congress Party Fifteenth
Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly List Itanagar 60 Bharatiya Janata Party Seventh
Assam Legislative Assembly List Dispur 126 Bharatiya Janata Party Fifteenth
Bihar Legislative Assembly Vidhan-sabha-bihar.jpg List Patna 243 Janata Dal (United) Seventeenth
Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly List Naya Raipur 90 Indian National Congress Fifth
Delhi Legislative Assembly List New Delhi 70 Aam Aadmi Party Seventh
Goa Legislative Assembly India Goa Assembly.jpg List Panaji 40 Bharatiya Janata Party Seventh
Gujarat Legislative Assembly SACHIVALAY PANORAMA.jpg List Gandhinagar 182 Bharatiya Janata Party Fourteenth
Haryana Legislative Assembly Secretariat Chandigarh.jpg List Chandigarh 90 Bharatiya Janata Party Fourteenth
Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly Himachal Pradesh e-Assembly.jpg List Shimla (summer)
Dharamshala (winter) 		68 Bharatiya Janata Party Thirteenth
Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly List Srinagar (summer)
Jammu (winter) 		85†
N/A
(President's rule)
Jharkhand Legislative Assembly List Ranchi 81 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Fifth
Karnataka Legislative Assembly Vidhana Souda , Bangalore.jpg Suvarna Vidhana Soudha.jpg List Bangalore (summer)
Belgaum (winter) 		224 Bharatiya Janata Party Fifteenth
Kerala Legislative Assembly Niyamasabha Mandiram.JPG List Thiruvananthapuram 140 Communist Party of India (Marxist) Fifteenth
Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly Madhyapradesh Legislative Assembly.jpg List Bhopal 230 Bharatiya Janata Party Fifteenth
Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Vidhan Bhavan1.jpg List Mumbai (summer)
Nagpur (winter) 		288 Shiv Sena Fourteenth
Manipur Legislative Assembly List Imphal 60 Bharatiya Janata Party Twelfth
Meghalaya Legislative Assembly List Shillong 60 National People's Party Tenth
Mizoram Legislative Assembly Mizoram Assembly House.jpg List Aizawl 40 Mizo National Front Seventh
Nagaland Legislative Assembly List Kohima 60 Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party Thirteenth
Odisha Legislative Assembly ORISSA SECRETARIAT.jpg List Bhubaneshwar 147 Biju Janata Dal Sixteenth
Puducherry Legislative Assembly Pondicherry Legislative Assembly.jpg List Puducherry 33‡ All India N.R. Congress Fifteenth
Punjab Legislative Assembly Assembly 09.jpg List Chandigarh 117 Indian National Congress Fifteenth
Rajasthan Legislative Assembly List Jaipur 200 Indian National Congress Fifteenth
Sikkim Legislative Assembly Sikkim legislative Assembly.jpg List Gangtok 32 Sikkim Krantikari Morcha Tenth
Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Fort St. George, Chennai 2.jpg List Chennai 234 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Sixteenth
Telangana Legislative Assembly Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.jpg List Hyderabad 119 Telangana Rashtra Samithi Second
Tripura Legislative Assembly Ujjayanta palace Tripura State Museum Agartala India.jpg List Agartala 60 Bharatiya Janata Party Twelfth
Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Vidhan Sabha Lucknow.jpg List Lucknow 403 Bharatiya Janata Party Seventeenth
Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly List Gairsain (summer)
Dehradun (winter) 		70 Bharatiya Janata Party Fourth
West Bengal Legislative Assembly West Bengal State Legislative Assembly House, Kolkata.jpg List Kolkata 294 All India Trinamool Congress Seventeenth
Total
—
—
—
 4,121[4] —

State Legislative Assemblies by ruling parties

Current ruling parties in India
  BJP (12)
  BJP as junior partner (6)
  INC (3)
  INC as junior partner (3)
  Other parties (AAP, AITC, BJD, CPI(M), TRS and YSRCP) (6)
  President's rule (1)
  No legislature (5)
Ruling party States/ UTs Alliance
State Govts Ruled By BJP & NDA
BJP 12 NDA
BJD 1 NDA
JD(U) 1 NDA
TRS 1 NDA
SKM 1 NDA
MNF 1 NDA
NPP 1 NDA
AINRC 1 NDA
YSRCP 1 NDA
NDPP 1 NDA
State Govts Ruled by INC & UPA
INC 3 UPA
DMK 1 UPA
JMM 1 UPA
SHS 1 UPA
AAP 1 UPA
AITC 1 UPA
CPI(M) 1 UPA

Former State Legislative Assemblies

Assembly Seat Period active Abolished by
Ajmer Legislative Assembly Ajmer 1950–1956 States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
Bombay Legislative Assembly Bombay 1950–1960 Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960.
Coorg Legislative Assembly Mercara 1950–1956 States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
Hyderabad Legislative Assembly Hyderabad 1952–1956 States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
PEPSU Legislative Assembly Patiala 1950–1956 States Reorganisation Act, 1956.

Notes

  • † – In Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly, two seats are reserved for the nominated women members. In addition to that, twenty-four more seats are reserved for the representatives from Pakistan-administered Kashmir and not counted normally.
  • ‡ – In Puducherry Legislative Assembly, three seats are reserved for the members nominated by the Union Government of India.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Vidhan_Sabha". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins Publishers. 2014.
  2. ↑ "State Legislative Assemblies" (PDF). www.india.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-12-12.
  3. ↑ "Explainer: Why Jagan Reddy wants to abolish the legislative council in Andhra Pradesh".
  4. ↑ "Election Commission of India". eci.nic.in. Retrieved 12 January 2017.

External links

Template:Elections in India

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