Matigara (community development block): Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
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{{Other uses|Matigara (disambiguation){{!}}Matigara}}
{{Other uses|Matigara (disambiguation){{!}}Matigara}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Matigara  
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| image_map              = Matigara in Darjeeling (West Bengal).svg
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'''Matigara''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|community development block (CD block)]] that forms an administrative division in the [[Siliguri subdivision]] of the [[Darjeeling district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].  
'''Matigara''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|community development block (CD block)]] that forms an administrative division in the [[Siliguri subdivision]] of the [[Darjeeling district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].


==Geography==
==Geography==
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Matigara CD block is bounded by the [[Kurseong (community development block)|Kurseong]] CD block on the north, [[Rajganj (community development block)|Rajganj]] CD block in Jalpaiguri district on the east, [[Phansidewa (community development block)|Phansidewa]] CD block on the south and [[Naxalbari (community development block)|Naxalbari]] CD block on the west.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Darjeeling, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 Census of India| work= Map of Darjeeling district on the fifth page| publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/tehsil/jalpaiguri.html | title = Tehsil map of Jalpaiguri| publisher =  Maps of India|access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref>
Matigara CD block is bounded by the [[Kurseong (community development block)|Kurseong]] CD block on the north, [[Rajganj (community development block)|Rajganj]] CD block in Jalpaiguri district on the east, [[Phansidewa (community development block)|Phansidewa]] CD block on the south and [[Naxalbari (community development block)|Naxalbari]] CD block on the west.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Darjeeling, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 Census of India| work= Map of Darjeeling district on the fifth page| publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/tehsil/jalpaiguri.html | title = Tehsil map of Jalpaiguri| publisher =  Maps of India|access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref>


The Matigara CD block has an area of 143.00&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 5 [[gram panchayat]]s, 123 gram sansads (village councils), 79 [[mouza]]s, 59 inhabited villages and 6 [[census town]]s. [[Matigarahat#Police station|Matigara]] police station serves this block. Pradhan Nagar Police Station has jurisdiction over a part of the Siliguri Municipal Corporation.<ref>{{cite web  |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  |title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling  |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2  |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal  |access-date = 12 February 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead  }}</ref><ref name=census2001>{{cite web| url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm| title = Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal , Table 4| publisher = Census Commissioner of India| work = Census of India 2001, Darjeeling district (01)| access-date = 12 February 2020| url-status=dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110719040244/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm| archive-date = 19 July 2011| df = dmy-all}}</ref>Headquarters of this CD block is at [[Bairatisal]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Darjiling | work=  Map of District Darjiling with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher=  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 12 February 2020 }}</ref>As per map of Matigara CD block in the District Census Handbook, Matigara Police Station is shown in Matigarahat mouza and Pradhan Nagar Police Station is shown as being a part of the Siliguri Municipal Corporation area. In both the cases, the places are not named but indicated by symbols indicating PS.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Darjiling | work=  Map of Matigara CD block on page 265) |publisher=  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 12 February 2020 }}</ref>
The Matigara CD block has an area of 143.00&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 5 [[gram panchayat]]s, 123 gram sansads (village councils), 79 [[mouza]]s, 59 inhabited villages and 6 [[census town]]s. [[Matigarahat#Police station|Matigara]] police station serves this block. Pradhan Nagar Police Station has jurisdiction over a part of the Siliguri Municipal Corporation.<ref>{{cite web  |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  |title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling  |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2  |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal  |access-date = 12 February 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead  }}</ref><ref name=census2001>{{cite web| url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm| title = Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal, Table 4| publisher = Census Commissioner of India| work = Census of India 2001, Darjeeling district (01)| access-date = 12 February 2020| url-status=dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110719040244/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm| archive-date = 19 July 2011| df = dmy-all}}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at [[Bairatisal]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Darjiling | work=  Map of District Darjiling with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher=  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 12 February 2020 }}</ref> As per map of Matigara CD block in the District Census Handbook, Matigara Police Station is shown in Matigarahat mouza and Pradhan Nagar Police Station is shown as being a part of the Siliguri Municipal Corporation area. In both the cases, the places are not named but indicated by symbols indicating PS.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Darjiling | work=  Map of Matigara CD block on page 265) |publisher=  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 12 February 2020 }}</ref>


[[Gram panchayat]]s in Matigara CD block are: Atharakhai, Champasari, Matigara I, Matigara II and Patharghata.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://darjeeling.gov.in/misc/District-Detail.pdf | title = Egiye Bangla Darjeeling | work= Miscellaneous - District Detail| publisher =  District administration |access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref>
[[Gram panchayat]]s in Matigara CD block are: Atharakhai, Patharghata, Matigara I, Matigara II and Champasari.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://darjeeling.gov.in/misc/District-Detail.pdf | title = Egiye Bangla Darjeeling | work= Miscellaneous - District Detail| publisher =  District administration |access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
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===Language and religion===
===Language and religion===
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Darjeeling, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, 46.0% of the population of the Darjeeling district had [[Nepali language|Nepali/ Gorkhali]] as their mother-tongue followed by [[Bengali language|Bengali]] with 24.0%, [[Hindi]] with 10.4%, [[Sadri language|Sadan/ Sadri]] (3.1%), [[Kurukh language|Kurukh/ Oraon]] (2.1%), [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] (1.1%), [[Santali language|Santali]] (1.0%), [[Urdu]] (0.9%), [[Lepcha language|Lepcha]] (0.9%), [[Rangpuri language|Rajbanshi]] (0.6%), [[Mundari language|Munda]] (0.4%), [[Standard Tibetan|Tibetan]] (0.4%), [[Sherpa language|Bhotia]] (0.3%), [[Marwari language|Marwari]] (0.3%), [[Maithili language|Maithili]] (0.3%) and others (7.6%). The proportion of those who have Nepali/ Gorkhali as their mother-tongue has declined from 59.1% in 1961 to 46.1% in 2001, while that of Bengali has risen from 18.4% in 1961 to 24.0% in 2001 and that of Hindi has risen from 7.7% in 1961 to 10.4% in 2001.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title =  District Census Handbook Darjeeling, Series 20, Part XXA , 2011 census|work = page 52: Mother tongue| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref>


{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Matigara CD block
|title=Religion in Matigara CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#ddd
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|left1=
|float=right
|float=right
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|Orange|87.51}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|87.51}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians|Christian]]|Blue|5.37}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in West Bengal|Christian]]|dodgerblue|5.37}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|Green|5.22}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|5.22}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhist]]|Yellow|1.45}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism]]|Yellow|1.45}}
{{bar percent|Others|Maroon|0.45}}
{{bar percent|Others|Maroon|0.45}}
}}
}}


In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 172,637 and formed 87.51% of the population in the Matigara CD block. Christians numbered 10,591 and formed 5.37% of the population. Muslims numbered 10,305 and formed 5.22% of the population. Buddhists numbered 2,855 and formed 1.45% of the population. Others numbered  890 and formed 0.45% of the population.<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html  |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref>
In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 172,637 and formed 87.51% of the population in the Matigara CD block. Christians numbered 10,591 and formed 5.37% of the population. Muslims numbered 10,305 and formed 5.22% of the population. Buddhists numbered 2,855 and formed 1.45% of the population. Others numbered  890 and formed 0.45% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
 
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Matigara CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 44.26 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 12.41 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Rangpuri language|Rajbongshi]] |value3 = 12.22 |color3 = plum
|label4 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value4 = 12.14 |color4 = lightcoral
|label5 = [[Nagpuri language|Sadri]] |value5 = 10.11 |color5 = burlywood
|label6 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value6 = 1.42 |color6 = gold
|label7 = 'Other' Bengali |value7 = 1.32 |color7 = mediumpurple
|label8 = Others |value8 = 6.12 |color8 = grey
}}
 
At the time of the 2011 census, 44.26% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 12.41% [[Hindi]], 12.22% [[Rangpuri language|Rajbongshi]], 12.14% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 10.11% [[Nagpuri language|Sadri]] and 1.42% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] as their first language. 1.32% were recorded as speaking 'Others' under Bengali. Other languages spoken in the district include [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], [[Boro language (India)|Boro]], [[Munda languages|Munda]] and [[Santali language|Santali]].<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>


==Rural Poverty==
==Rural Poverty==
According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 24.40% of the total number of families were [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] families in the Darjeeling district.<ref>{{cite web | url =  http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| title =West Bengal Summary | work= Rural Household Survey 2005| publisher =  Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal |access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref> According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 4-9% of the population in Darjeeling, North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas districts were below poverty level, the lowest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.<ref>{{cite web | url =  http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/315791504252302097/pdf/119344-BRI-P157572-West-Bengal-Poverty.pdf| title = West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality| publisher =  World Bank Group|access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref>
According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 24.40% of the total number of families were [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] families in the Darjeeling district.<ref>{{cite web| url =  http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| title = West Bengal Summary| work = Rural Household Survey 2005| publisher =  Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal| access-date =  12 February 2020| archive-date =  13 January 2020| archive-url =  https://web.archive.org/web/20200113235534/http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| url-status =  dead}}</ref> According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 4-9% of the population in Darjeeling, North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas districts were below poverty level, the lowest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.<ref>{{cite web | url =  http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/315791504252302097/pdf/119344-BRI-P157572-West-Bengal-Poverty.pdf| title = West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality| publisher =  World Bank Group|access-date =  12 February 2020}}</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==
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|label4 = Other Workers}}
|label4 = Other Workers}}


In the Matigara CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 1,852 and formed 2.46%, agricultural labourers numbered 964 and formed 1.28%, household industry workers numbered 1,765 and formed 2.34% and other workers numbered 70,786 and formed 93.92%.<ref>{{cite web| url =  http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref>Total workers numbered 76,367 and formed 38.20% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 121,911 and formed 61.80% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url =  http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref>
In the Matigara CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 1,852 and formed 2.46%, agricultural labourers numbered 964 and formed 1.28%, household industry workers numbered 1,765 and formed 2.34% and other workers numbered 70,786 and formed 93.92%.<ref>{{cite web| url =  http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref> Total workers numbered 76,367 and formed 38.20% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 121,911 and formed 61.80% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url =  http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref>


<small>Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers.  It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work =  Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 31  | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref></small>
<small>Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers.  It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work =  Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 31  | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref></small>
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===Agriculture===
===Agriculture===
In 2012-13, there were 2 fertiliser depots, 2 seed stores, 18 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in Matigara CD block.<ref name=handbook2013>{{cite web  | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  | title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling  | work = Table No. 16.1, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 – arranged as per use  | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal  | access-date = 12 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead  }}</ref>
In 2012-13, there were 2 fertiliser depots, 2 seed stores, 18 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in Matigara CD block.<ref name=handbook2013>{{cite web  | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  | title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling  | work = Table No. 16.1, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 – arranged as per use  | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal  | access-date = 12 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook  | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead  }}</ref>


In 2013–14, Matigara CD block produced 1,242 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 784 hectares, 24 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 18 hectares, 12 tonnes of wheat from 17 hectares, 23 tonnes of maize from 10 hectares, 409 tonnes of jute from 29 hectares and 425 tonnes of potatoes from 23 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2013/>
In 2013–14, Matigara CD block produced 1,242 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 784 hectares, 24 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 18 hectares, 12 tonnes of wheat from 17 hectares, 23 tonnes of maize from 10 hectares, 409 tonnes of jute from 29 hectares and 425 tonnes of potatoes from 23 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2013/>


===Tea gardens===
===Tea gardens===
[[Darjeeling tea]] “received the iconic status due to its significant aroma, taste and colour… the first Indian product to be marked with the [[Geographical indication|Geographical Indication]] (GI) tag in 2003… As per the definition, “Darjeeling Tea” can only refer to tea that has been cultivated, grown, produced, manufactured and processed in tea gardens in few specific hilly areas of the district.” Apart from the hill areas, tea is also grown in the plain areas of the terai and dooars, but such gardens are not covered under the GI tag. <ref name=tea>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf  | title = District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 26: Tea industry of Darjeeling district  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 13 February 2020}}</ref>
[[Darjeeling tea]] “received the iconic status due to its significant aroma, taste and colour… the first Indian product to be marked with the [[Geographical indication|Geographical Indication]] (GI) tag in 2003… As per the definition, “Darjeeling Tea” can only refer to tea that has been cultivated, grown, produced, manufactured and processed in tea gardens in few specific hilly areas of the district.” Apart from the hill areas, tea is also grown in the plain areas of the terai and dooars, but such gardens are not covered under the GI tag.<ref name=tea>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf  | title = District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 26: Tea industry of Darjeeling district  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 13 February 2020}}</ref>


As of 2009-10, there were 87 tea gardens covered under the GI tag, employing 51,091 persons. Total land under cultivation was 17,828.38 hectares and total production was 7.36 million kg. A much larger population is indirectly dependent on the tea industry in the district. The average annual production including those from the plain areas, exceeds 10 million kg.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling | work = Table No. 5.3 (f): Area, production and employment in the tea industry | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 12 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name=tea/>
As of 2009-10, there were 87 tea gardens covered under the GI tag, employing 51,091 persons. Total land under cultivation was 17,828.38 hectares and total production was 7.36 million kg. A much larger population is indirectly dependent on the tea industry in the district. The average annual production including those from the plain areas, exceeds 10 million kg.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling | work = Table No. 5.3 (f): Area, production and employment in the tea industry | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 12 February 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name=tea/>
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{{Darjeeling Himalayan Railway|collapse=yes}}
{{Darjeeling Himalayan Railway|collapse=yes}}
{{Katihar–Siliguri line|collapse=yes|inline=}}
{{Katihar–Siliguri line|collapse=yes|inline=}}
Matigara CD block has 5 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 3 km from the block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2013/>
Matigara CD block has 5 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 3&nbsp;km from the block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2013/>


[[National Highway 110 (India)|National Highway 110]] /Hill Cart Road passes through Matigara CD block. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2011/E_574_2012_016.pdf|title=New Numbering of National Highways notification - Government of India|website=[[The Gazette of India]]|access-date=21 February 2020}}</ref>  
[[National Highway 110 (India)|National Highway 110]] /Hill Cart Road passes through Matigara CD block.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2011/E_574_2012_016.pdf|title=New Numbering of National Highways notification - Government of India|website=[[The Gazette of India]]|access-date=21 February 2020}}</ref>


[[State Highway 12 (West Bengal)|State Highway 12]] passes through Matigara CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url =  http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal  | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 21 February 2020}}</ref>
[[State Highway 12 (West Bengal)|State Highway 12]] passes through Matigara CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url =  http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal  | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 21 February 2020}}</ref>
Line 149: Line 162:
See also – [[Education in India]]
See also – [[Education in India]]


According to the 2011 census, in Matigara CD block, among the 59 inhabited villages, 3 villages did not have a school, 24 villages had two or more  primary schools, 22 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 16 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 394, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref>
According to the 2011 census, in Matigara CD block, among the 59 inhabited villages, 3 villages did not have a school, 24 villages had two or more  primary schools, 22 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 16 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 394, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 12 February 2020}}</ref>


==Healthcare==
==Healthcare==
In 2013, Matigara CD block had 2 hospitals, 1 block primary health centres and 2 private nursing homes with total 599 beds and 83 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 15 family welfare subcentres. 75,199 patients were treated indoor and 663,066 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2013/>
In 2013, Matigara CD block had 2 hospitals, 1 block primary health centres and 2 private nursing homes with total 599 beds and 83 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 15 family welfare subcentres. 75,199 patients were treated indoor and 663,066 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2013/>


Matigara Block Primary Health Centre, with 10 beds at [[Matigarahat]], is the major government medical facility in the Matigara CD block.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 28 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf  | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres  | publisher = Government of West Bengal  |access-date = 28 February 2020}}</ref>
Matigara Block Primary Health Centre, with 10 beds at [[Matigarahat]], is the major government medical facility in the Matigara CD block.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 28 February 2020 | archive-date = 16 August 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200816074737/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf  | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres  | publisher = Government of West Bengal  | access-date = 28 February 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf  | url-status = dead  }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 160: Line 173:


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Siliguri}}
* {{Wikivoyage inline|Siliguri}}


{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}

Latest revision as of 15:37, 27 January 2026

For other uses, see Matigara.
Matigara
Community development block
Location of Matigara
Coordinates: 26°43′00″N 88°23′00″E / 26.716667°N 88.383333°E / 26.716667; 88.383333
Country India
StateWest Bengal
DistrictDarjeeling
Area
 • Total143.00 km2 (55.21 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total197,278
 • Density1,400/km2 (3,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Lok Sabha constituencyDarjeeling
Vidhan Sabha constituencyMatigara-Naxalbari, Kurseong
Websitedarjeeling.gov.in

Matigara is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Siliguri subdivision of the Darjeeling district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Geography[edit | edit source]

Matigara is located at 26°43′0″N 88°23′0″E / 26.71667°N 88.38333°E / 26.71667; 88.38333 at an elevation of 127 m above sea level.[1]

Matigara CD block is bounded by the Kurseong CD block on the north, Rajganj CD block in Jalpaiguri district on the east, Phansidewa CD block on the south and Naxalbari CD block on the west.[2][3]

The Matigara CD block has an area of 143.00 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 5 gram panchayats, 123 gram sansads (village councils), 79 mouzas, 59 inhabited villages and 6 census towns. Matigara police station serves this block. Pradhan Nagar Police Station has jurisdiction over a part of the Siliguri Municipal Corporation.[4][5] Headquarters of this CD block is at Bairatisal.[6] As per map of Matigara CD block in the District Census Handbook, Matigara Police Station is shown in Matigarahat mouza and Pradhan Nagar Police Station is shown as being a part of the Siliguri Municipal Corporation area. In both the cases, the places are not named but indicated by symbols indicating PS.[7]

Gram panchayats in Matigara CD block are: Atharakhai, Patharghata, Matigara I, Matigara II and Champasari.[8]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Population[edit | edit source]

According to the 2011 Census of India, the Matigara CD block had a total population of 197,278, of which 135,583 were rural and 61,695 were urban. There were 101,023 (51%) males and 96,255 (49%) females. There were 24,760 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The Scheduled Castes numbered 70,527 (35.75%) and the Scheduled Tribes numbered 26,484 (13.42%).[9]

Census towns in the Matigara CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Kalkut (9,184), Tari (14,558), Bairatisal (4,916), Jitu (5,892), Mathapari (11,529) and Bara Mohansingh (15,616).[9]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Matigara CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Khaprail (4,004), Khopalasi (5,284), Pachanai (5,105), Palash (4,204), Mahishmari (6,010), Baniakhari (5,088), Kaukhali (6,615), Kalam (5,664), Patiram (8,315), Tomba (9,632), Matigarahat (4,710), Gaurcharan (4,124) and Daknikata (4,497).[9]

Other villages in the Matigara CD block include (2011 census figures in brackets): Mohorgon Tea Garden (3,169).[9]

Literacy[edit | edit source]

According to the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in the Matigara CD block was 129,006 (74.78% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 72,352 (81.75% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 56,654 (67.43% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 14.32%.[9]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Template:Literacy in CD blocks of Darjeeling district (2011)

Language and religion[edit | edit source]

Religion in Matigara CD block (2011)[10]
Hinduism
 
 87.51%
Christian
 
 5.37%
Islam
 
 5.22%
Buddhism
 
 1.45%
Others
 
 0.45%

In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 172,637 and formed 87.51% of the population in the Matigara CD block. Christians numbered 10,591 and formed 5.37% of the population. Muslims numbered 10,305 and formed 5.22% of the population. Buddhists numbered 2,855 and formed 1.45% of the population. Others numbered 890 and formed 0.45% of the population.[10]

Languages of Matigara CD block (2011)[11]

  Bengali (44.26%)
  Hindi (12.41%)
  Rajbongshi (12.22%)
  Nepali (12.14%)
  Sadri (10.11%)
  Bhojpuri (1.42%)
  'Other' Bengali (1.32%)
  Others (6.12%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 44.26% of the population spoke Bengali, 12.41% Hindi, 12.22% Rajbongshi, 12.14% Nepali, 10.11% Sadri and 1.42% Bhojpuri as their first language. 1.32% were recorded as speaking 'Others' under Bengali. Other languages spoken in the district include Kurukh, Boro, Munda and Santali.[11]

Rural Poverty[edit | edit source]

According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 24.40% of the total number of families were BPL families in the Darjeeling district.[12] According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 4-9% of the population in Darjeeling, North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas districts were below poverty level, the lowest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.[13]

Economy[edit | edit source]

Livelihood[edit | edit source]

Livelihood
in Matigara CD block

  Cultivators (2.46%)
  Agricultural labourers (1.28%)
  Household industries (2.34%)
  Other Workers (93.92%)

In the Matigara CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 1,852 and formed 2.46%, agricultural labourers numbered 964 and formed 1.28%, household industry workers numbered 1,765 and formed 2.34% and other workers numbered 70,786 and formed 93.92%.[14] Total workers numbered 76,367 and formed 38.20% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 121,911 and formed 61.80% of the population.[15]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[16]

Infrastructure[edit | edit source]

There are 59 inhabited villages in the Matigara CD block, as per the District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 100% villages have drinking water supply. 6 villages (10.17%) have post offices. 57 villages (96.61%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 52 villages (88.14%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 18 villages (30.51%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 3 villages (5.08%) have banks.[17]

Agriculture[edit | edit source]

In 2012-13, there were 2 fertiliser depots, 2 seed stores, 18 fair price shops in Matigara CD block.[18]

In 2013–14, Matigara CD block produced 1,242 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 784 hectares, 24 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 18 hectares, 12 tonnes of wheat from 17 hectares, 23 tonnes of maize from 10 hectares, 409 tonnes of jute from 29 hectares and 425 tonnes of potatoes from 23 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.[18]

Tea gardens[edit | edit source]

Darjeeling tea “received the iconic status due to its significant aroma, taste and colour… the first Indian product to be marked with the Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2003… As per the definition, “Darjeeling Tea” can only refer to tea that has been cultivated, grown, produced, manufactured and processed in tea gardens in few specific hilly areas of the district.” Apart from the hill areas, tea is also grown in the plain areas of the terai and dooars, but such gardens are not covered under the GI tag.[19]

As of 2009-10, there were 87 tea gardens covered under the GI tag, employing 51,091 persons. Total land under cultivation was 17,828.38 hectares and total production was 7.36 million kg. A much larger population is indirectly dependent on the tea industry in the district. The average annual production including those from the plain areas, exceeds 10 million kg.[20][19]

As of 2013, Darjeeling subdivision had 46 tea estates, Kalimpong subdivision had 29 tea estates and Kurseong subdivision had 6 tea gardens. This added up to 81 tea estates in the hill areas. Bannackburn Tea Estate and Lingia Tea Estate in Darjeeling were the first to come up in 1835. Siliguri subdivision in the terai region had 45 tea estates.[21]

Banking[edit | edit source]

In 2012-13, Matigara CD block had offices of 9 commercial banks and 4 gramin banks.[18]

Transport[edit | edit source]

Template:Darjeeling Himalayan Railway

Matigara CD block has 5 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 3 km from the block headquarters.[18]

National Highway 110 /Hill Cart Road passes through Matigara CD block.[22]

State Highway 12 passes through Matigara CD block.[23]

Education[edit | edit source]

In 2012-13, Matigara CD block had 120 primary schools with 15,022 students, 5 middle schools with 1,545 students, 7 high schools with 2,618 students and 7 higher secondary schools with 11,209 students. Matigara CD block had 3 general degree colleges with 3,618 students, 7 technical/ professional institutions with 2243 students, 392 institutions for special and non-formal education with 25,625 students[18]

See also – Education in India

According to the 2011 census, in Matigara CD block, among the 59 inhabited villages, 3 villages did not have a school, 24 villages had two or more primary schools, 22 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 16 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.[24]

Healthcare[edit | edit source]

In 2013, Matigara CD block had 2 hospitals, 1 block primary health centres and 2 private nursing homes with total 599 beds and 83 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 15 family welfare subcentres. 75,199 patients were treated indoor and 663,066 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.[18]

Matigara Block Primary Health Centre, with 10 beds at Matigarahat, is the major government medical facility in the Matigara CD block.[25][26]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Matigara.html Map and weather of Matigara
  2. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Darjeeling, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 Census of India" (PDF). Map of Darjeeling district on the fifth page. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  3. ↑ "Tehsil map of Jalpaiguri". Maps of India. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  4. ↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling". Tables 2.1, 2.2. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  5. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal, Table 4". Census of India 2001, Darjeeling district (01). Census Commissioner of India. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  6. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Darjiling" (PDF). Map of District Darjiling with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  7. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Darjiling" (PDF). Map of Matigara CD block on page 265). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  8. ↑ "Egiye Bangla Darjeeling" (PDF). Miscellaneous - District Detail. District administration. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 "CD block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  12. ↑ "West Bengal Summary". Rural Household Survey 2005. Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  13. ↑ "West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality" (PDF). World Bank Group. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  14. ↑ "District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  15. ↑ "District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  16. ↑ "District Census Handbook Darjiling, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 31. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  17. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 85, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 "District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling". Table No. 16.1, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 26: Tea industry of Darjeeling district. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  20. ↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling". Table No. 5.3 (f): Area, production and employment in the tea industry. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  21. ↑ "Synopsis on Survey of Tea Gardens" (PDF). Regional Labour Offices under jurisdiction of Joint Labour Commissioner, North Bengal Zone. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
  22. ↑ "New Numbering of National Highways notification - Government of India" (PDF). The Gazette of India. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
  23. ↑ "List of State Highways in West Bengal". West Bengal Traffic Police. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
  24. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Darjiling, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 394, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
  25. ↑ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 August 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
  26. ↑ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2020.

External links[edit | edit source]

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