COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory
![]() | This article documents a current event. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (January 2020) |
COVID‑19 pandemic | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() Confirmed cases per 100,000 population
as of
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Clockwise, starting from top:
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Disease | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) | ||||||
Virus strain | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2)[lower-alpha 1] | ||||||
Source | Probably bats, possibly via pangolins[2][3] | ||||||
Location | Worldwide | ||||||
First outbreak | China[4] | ||||||
Index case | Wuhan, Hubei, China 30°37′11″N 114°15′28″E / 30.61972°N 114.25778°E | ||||||
Date | 1 December 2019[4] | –present||||||
Confirmed cases | 148,815,508[5] | ||||||
Deaths | 3,138,173[5] | ||||||
Territories | 192[5] |
The COVID-19 pandemic, also called the coronavirus pandemic, is a current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).[1][6][lower-alpha 2] The outbreak started in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) called it a pandemic on 11 March 2020.[7][8][9][10][11] The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses gave the virus its name. As of February 19, 2021, more than 110 million cases of COVID-19 have been reported in more than 188 countries and territories. More than three million people have died of COVID-19,[12] and more than 85 million people have defeated, or recovered from the disease.[12][13][14]
The virus usually moves from one person to another with small drops made when coughing[15][16] or sneezing.[17] It mostly spreads when people are close to each other, which is why social distancing is encouraged. Coronavirus can also spread when people touch a surface with the virus, and then they touch their face.[16][17] Common symptoms include fever, cough, and trouble breathing.[18] The illness can worsen with pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome.[19] As of January 2021, a number of vaccines for COVID-19 have been developed, but only a few have been approved as safe for use. The first vaccine to be approved was created by Pfizer and BioNTech,[20] followed by the Oxford / AstraZeneca [21] vaccine. Vaccine distribution has begun in many countries in Europe, North America, South America and Asia.[22] The United Kingdom was the first western country to administer a COVID-19 vaccine.[23] No antiviral medicine for COVID-19 is available.[24] Doctors usually give patients supportive therapy instead.[25] People can avoid spreading the virus by regularly washing their hands, covering their mouth when coughing, maintaining distance from other people, staying away from crowds, wearing medical or cloth face coverings, and being alone for people who think they are infected, also known as quarantining.[24]
The outbreak might be from a coronavirus that usually lives in bats. This infected another animal, possibly a pangolin. It then changed inside that other animal until it could infect humans.[26] It possibly originated at a wet market, Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market.[27] A 55-year-old person from Hubei province was the first human to contract the virus on November 17, 2019.[28] A 61-year-old man who was a regular customer at the market was the first person to die from the virus on January 11, 2020.[29] The exact origin of the virus is still unknown since the market in Wuhan sold a variety of live wild animals in cages. Chinese tourists have spread the virus by traveling to other countries and made it a worldwide pandemic.[30]
Racism and xenophobia against Chinese people and Asians increased during the pandemic.
In November 2020, two companies, Pfizer and Moderna, said they had finished making COVID-19 vaccines. Both are over 90% effective. Two mRNA vaccines, one by Pfizer and one by Moderna, have been tested. Both were over 90% effective.[31] Countries began planning to give the vaccine to many people.[32] [33][34] 17 other vaccines have been approved by at least one country, and many others are being developed.
The United States has the most deaths from the virus. More than 600,000 Americans have died from the virus.[35] California had the most COVID-19 cases in the country.[36]
Epidemiology[edit]
Epidemiology is the study of how diseases affect the health and illness of groups of people.
Background[edit]
On 31 December 2019, Chinese health authorities reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) a cluster of viral pneumonia cases of unknown cause in Wuhan,[37][38] and an investigation was launched in early January 2020.[39]
On 9 June 2020, a Harvard University study suggested that COVID-19 may have been spreading in China as early as August 2019, based on hospital car park usage and web search trends.[40]
Cases[edit]
Cases means the number of people who have been tested for COVID-19 and have tested positive.[41] These cases are according to Johns Hopkins University.
Deaths[edit]

Most people who contract COVID-19 recover. For those who do not, the time between the start of symptoms and death usually ranges from 6 to 41 days, but most of the time about 14 days.[42] This data are recorded by the WHO.
Duration[edit]
On 11 March 2020, the WHO said that the pandemic could be controlled.[7]
Symptoms[edit]

According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 makes people feel sick in different ways, but it usually affects the lungs. People usually cough and have difficulty breathing. They often also have a fever, chills, headache, pain in their muscles, or trouble tasting or smelling things,[44] which can often be confused with the flu virus. [45]
According to an April 2020 study by the American Gastroenterological Association, COVID-19 can make sick people vomit or have diarrhea, but this is rare. They said about 7.7% of COVID-19 patients vomited, about 7.8% had diarrhea and about 3.6% had pain in their stomachs.[46]
Data[edit]
Location[lower-alpha 3] | Cases[lower-alpha 4] | Deaths[lower-alpha 5] | Recov.[lower-alpha 6] | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
World[lower-alpha 7] | 148,815,508 | 3,138,173 | 86,344,434 | [5] |
![]() |
United States[lower-alpha 8] | 32,375,602 | 579,162 | No data | [54] |
India | [55] | ||||
![]() |
Brazil | 14,446,541 | 395,324 | 12,992,442 | [56][57] |
![]() |
France[lower-alpha 9] | 5,534,313 | 103,603 | No data | [58][59] |
![]() |
Russia[lower-alpha 10] | 4,787,273 | 109,367 | 4,411,098 | [60] |
![]() |
Turkey[lower-alpha 11] | 4,710,582 | 39,057 | 4,167,263 | [64] |
![]() |
United Kingdom[lower-alpha 12] | 4,409,631 | 127,451 | No data | [66] |
![]() |
Italy | 3,981,512 | 119,912 | 3,413,451 | [67] |
![]() |
Spain[lower-alpha 13] | 3,496,134 | 77,855 | No data | [68] |
![]() |
Germany[lower-alpha 14] | 3,307,769 | 82,344 | 2,910,042 | [70][69] |
![]() |
Argentina[lower-alpha 15] | 2,905,109 | 62,599 | 2,563,160 | [72] |
![]() |
Colombia | 2,804,881 | 72,235 | 2,616,821 | [73] |
![]() |
Poland | 2,776,927 | 66,533 | 2,473,974 | [74] |
![]() |
Iran | 2,459,906 | 70,966 | 1,923,081 | [75] |
![]() |
Mexico | 2,333,126 | 215,547 | 1,856,543 | [76] |
![]() |
Ukraine[lower-alpha 16] | 2,047,838 | 43,391 | 1,616,891 | [77][78] |
![]() |
Peru | 1,775,062 | 60,416 | 1,721,922 | [79][80] |
![]() |
Indonesia | Lua error in Module:Wd at line 620: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). | |||
![]() |
Czech Republic | 1,626,033 | 29,141 | 1,542,244 | [81] |
![]() |
South Africa | 1,577,200 | 54,237 | 1,502,986 | [82][83] |
![]() |
Netherlands[lower-alpha 17] | 1,417,772 | 16,965 | No data | [85][86] |
![]() |
Canada[lower-alpha 18] | 1,192,427 | 24,066 | 1,084,029 | [89] |
![]() |
Chile[lower-alpha 19] | 1,179,772 | 26,020 | 1,113,463 | [93] |
![]() |
Romania | 1,051,779 | 27,833 | 983,040 | [94] |
![]() |
Iraq | 1,031,322 | 15,257 | 905,301 | [95] |
![]() |
Philippines | 1,020,495 | 17,031 | 935,695 | [96][97] |
![]() |
Belgium[lower-alpha 20] | 979,034 | 24,104 | No data | [99][100] |
![]() |
Sweden | 960,520 | 14,000 | No data | [101] |
![]() |
Israel[lower-alpha 21] | 837,357 | 6,345 | 828,902 | [102] |
![]() |
Portugal | 835,563 | 16,973 | 794,781 | [103][104] |
![]() |
Pakistan | 810,231 | 17,530 | 704,494 | [105] |
![]() |
Hungary | 769,518 | 26,625 | 482,207 | [106] |
![]() |
Bangladesh | 754,614 | 11,305 | 672,319 | [107][108] |
![]() |
Jordan | 704,540 | 8,660 | 671,127 | [109] |
![]() |
Serbia[lower-alpha 22] | 685,937 | 6,312 | No data | [110] |
![]() |
Switzerland[lower-alpha 23] | 656,077 | 10,001 | 317,600 | [111][112] |
![]() |
Austria | 604,823 | 10,055 | 568,213 | [113] |
![]() |
Japan[lower-alpha 24] | 575,563 | 10,055 | 512,069 | [114] |
![]() |
Lebanon | 522,763 | 7,197 | 453,865 | [115] |
![]() |
United Arab Emirates | 516,301 | 1,580 | 497,140 | [116] |
![]() |
Morocco[lower-alpha 25] | 509,972 | 9,005 | 496,031 | [117] |
![]() |
Saudi Arabia | 412,216 | 6,900 | 395,557 | [118] |
![]() |
Malaysia | 401,593 | 1,477 | 373,397 | [119] |
![]() |
Bulgaria | 401,109 | 16,182 | 332,418 | [120][121] |
![]() |
Slovakia | 380,498 | 11,572 | No data | [122] |
![]() |
Ecuador | 375,329 | 18,389 | 318,598 | [123][124] |
![]() |
Panama | 363,533 | 6,216 | 353,503 | [125] |
![]() |
Belarus | 355,924 | 2,522 | 346,148 | [126] |
![]() |
Greece | 337,723 | 10,179 | No data | [127] |
![]() |
Croatia | 327,737 | 7,001 | 306,132 | [128] |
![]() |
Azerbaijan[lower-alpha 26] | 315,119 | 4,429 | 282,786 | [129] |
![]() |
Nepal | 312,699 | 3,211 | 279,279 | [130] |
![]() |
Georgia[lower-alpha 27] | 307,401 | 4,077 | 288,816 | [131] |
![]() |
Kazakhstan | 300,733 | 3,512 | 257,278 | [132][133] |
![]() |
Bolivia | 300,258 | 12,885 | 247,961 | [134] |
![]() |
Tunisia | 296,343 | 10,170 | 246,001 | [135] |
![]() |
Palestine | 289,120 | 3,138 | 259,105 | [136] |
![]() |
Paraguay | 271,814 | 6,094 | 223,606 | [137] |
![]() |
Kuwait | 269,681 | 1,535 | 252,888 | [138] |
![]() |
Dominican Republic | 265,481 | 3,462 | 222,466 | [139] |
![]() |
Ethiopia | 254,044 | 3,605 | 195,547 | [140][141] |
![]() |
Moldova[lower-alpha 28] | 249,714 | 5,762 | 238,423 | [142] |
![]() |
Denmark[lower-alpha 29] | 248,950 | 2,479 | 236,925 | [143][144] |
![]() |
Ireland | 247,489 | 4,884 | No data | [145] |
![]() |
Lithuania | 244,555 | 3,900 | 220,565 | [146][147] |
![]() |
Costa Rica | 243,167 | 3,186 | 201,784 | [148][149] |
![]() |
Slovenia | 238,023 | 4,221 | No data | [150][151] |
![]() |
Egypt[lower-alpha 30] | 224,517 | 13,168 | 168,665 | [152] |
![]() |
Guatemala | 223,025 | 7,453 | 199,005 | [153] |
![]() |
Armenia | 214,064 | 4,058 | 195,701 | [154] |
File:Flag of Honduras (2008 Olympics).svg | Honduras | 208,356 | 5,212 | 78,127 | [155][156] |
![]() |
Qatar | 203,599 | 441 | 184,712 | [157] |
![]() |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 197,378 | 8,464 | 158,160 | [158] |
![]() |
Venezuela | 192,498 | 2,065 | 175,242 | [159] |
![]() |
Oman | 190,270 | 1,983 | 169,784 | [160] |
![]() |
Uruguay | 190,096 | 2,452 | 160,362 | [161][162] |
![]() |
Libya | 176,254 | 3,010 | 161,676 | [163] |
![]() |
Bahrain | 172,576 | 625 | 161,491 | [164] |
![]() |
Nigeria | 164,912 | 2,063 | 155,012 | [165] |
![]() |
Kenya | 157,492 | 2,665 | 106,836 | [166] |
![]() |
North Macedonia | 151,122 | 4,742 | 130,910 | [167] |
![]() |
Myanmar | 142,778 | 3,208 | 131,951 | [168] |
![]() |
Albania | 130,736 | 2,383 | 107,163 | [169][170] |
![]() |
Estonia | 121,232 | 1,148 | 109,860 | [171][172] |
![]() |
Algeria | 120,992 | 3,207 | 84,299 | [173] |
![]() |
South Korea | 120,673 | 1,821 | 110,248 | [174][175] |
![]() |
Latvia | 115,316 | 2,102 | 105,254 | [176][177] |
![]() |
Puerto Rico | 114,852 | 2,285 | No data | [178][179] |
![]() |
Norway[lower-alpha 31] | 111,686 | 736 | 54,004 | [182] |
![]() |
Kosovo | 104,196 | 2,140 | 91,972 | [183] |
![]() |
Cuba[lower-alpha 32] | 103,524 | 604 | 97,462 | [184][185] |
![]() |
Sri Lanka | 103,487 | 647 | 94,856 | [186][187] |
![]() |
Montenegro | 96,930 | 1,478 | 92,971 | [188] |
![]() |
Kyrgyzstan | 94,277 | 1,589 | 88,415 | [189] |
![]() |
Ghana | 92,464 | 779 | 90,103 | [190] |
![]() |
Zambia | 91,418 | 1,249 | 89,717 | [191][192] |
![]() |
China[lower-alpha 33] | 90,599 | 4,636 | 85,652 | [193] |
![]() |
Uzbekistan | 89,355 | 645 | 85,976 | [194] |
![]() |
Finland[lower-alpha 34] | 86,405 | 911 | 31,000 | [197][198] |
![]() |
Mozambique | 69,762 | 814 | 64,448 | [199] |
![]() |
El Salvador | 68,922 | 2,111 | 64,667 | [200] |
![]() |
Luxembourg | 66,007 | 790 | 62,183 | [201] |
![]() |
Cameroon | 65,998 | 991 | 57,821 | [202][203] |
![]() |
Cyprus[lower-alpha 35] | 63,730 | 303 | No data | [204] |
![]() |
Thailand | 61,699 | 178 | 34,402 | [205][206] |
![]() |
Singapore | 61,063 | 30 | 60,704 | [207] |
![]() |
Afghanistan | 59,576 | 2,618 | 52,974 | [208] |
![]() |
Namibia | 48,011 | 634 | 45,740 | [209] |
![]() |
Ivory Coast | 45,885 | 285 | 45,451 | [210] |
![]() |
Jamaica | 45,212 | 767 | 20,729 | [211][212] |
![]() |
Botswana[lower-alpha 36] | 41,729 | 684 | 39,733 | [214] |
![]() |
Uganda | 41,373 | 341 | 40,898 | [215][216] |
![]() |
Senegal | 40,249 | 1,107 | 38,991 | [217] |
![]() |
Zimbabwe | 38,164 | 1,565 | 35,480 | [218] |
![]() |
Madagascar | 36,045 | 605 | 28,868 | [219][220] |
![]() |
Malawi | 34,031 | 1,147 | 31,953 | [221] |
![]() |
Mongolia | 33,608 | 97 | 18,033 | [222] |
![]() |
Sudan | 33,104 | 2,349 | 26,795 | [223][224] |
![]() |
Donetsk PR[lower-alpha 37] | 32,890 | 2,502 | 26,323 | [225] |
![]() |
Malta | 30,249 | 413 | 29,462 | [226] |
![]() |
DR Congo[lower-alpha 38] | 29,768 | 763 | 26,172 | [227][228] |
![]() |
Australia[lower-alpha 39] | 29,749 | 910 | No data | [229] |
![]() |
Maldives | 28,588 | 71 | 24,494 | [230] |
![]() |
Angola | 25,942 | 587 | 23,341 | [231] |
![]() |
Rwanda | 24,814 | 331 | 23,089 | [232][233] |
![]() |
Cape Verde | 22,772 | 211 | 19,715 | [234] |
![]() |
Gabon | 22,568 | 138 | 19,173 | [235] |
![]() |
Syria[lower-alpha 40] | 22,265 | 1,548 | 16,097 | [236] |
![]() |
Guinea | 22,087 | 141 | 19,558 | [237] |
![]() |
French Polynesia | 18,744 | 141 | 4,842 | [238] |
![]() |
Eswatini | 18,448 | 671 | 17,741 | [239] |
![]() |
Mauritania | 18,314 | 455 | 17,620 | [240][241] |
![]() |
Abkhazia[lower-alpha 41] | 14,408 | 222 | 13,479 | [242] |
![]() |
Mali | 13,722 | 476 | 8,313 | [243][244] |
![]() |
Somalia[lower-alpha 42] | 13,670 | 698 | 5,539 | [245] |
![]() |
Tajikistan | 13,308 | 90 | 13,218 | [246][247] |
![]() |
Burkina Faso | 13,286 | 157 | 13,000 | [248][249] |
![]() |
Andorra | 13,121 | 124 | 12,561 | [250] |
![]() |
Haiti | 13,017 | 254 | 12,143 | [251][252] |
![]() |
Togo | 12,884 | 122 | 10,927 | [253] |
![]() |
Guyana | 12,826 | 291 | 10,944 | [254] |
![]() |
Belize | 12,631 | 322 | 12,193 | [255] |
![]() |
Curaçao | 12,146 | 107 | 11,339 | [256] |
![]() |
Hong Kong | 11,756 | 209 | 11,392 | [257] |
![]() |
Cambodia | 11,063 | 82 | 3,704 | [258] |
![]() |
Djibouti | 10,931 | 142 | 10,510 | [259][260] |
![]() |
Papua New Guinea | 10,835 | 105 | 8,561 | [261][262] |
![]() |
Lesotho | 10,730 | 316 | 6,267 | [263] |
![]() |
Congo[lower-alpha 43] | 10,678 | 144 | 8,208 | [264][265] |
![]() |
Aruba | 10,570 | 98 | 10,245 | [266] |
![]() |
South Sudan | 10,553 | 114 | 10,312 | [267] |
![]() |
Bahamas[lower-alpha 44] | 10,220 | 198 | 9,326 | [268][269] |
![]() |
Suriname | 10,157 | 201 | 9,193 | [270] |
![]() |
Trinidad and Tobago | 9,947 | 161 | 8,281 | [271][272] |
![]() |
Guam[lower-alpha 45] | 7,939 | 136 | 7,735 | [54][273] |
![]() |
Benin | 7,720 | 97 | 7,510 | [274][275] |
![]() |
Equatorial Guinea | 7,559 | 107 | 7,097 | [276] |
![]() |
Nicaragua | 6,835 | 181 | No data | [277] |
![]() |
Iceland | 6,456 | 29 | 6,244 | [278] |
![]() |
Central African Republic | 6,359 | 87 | 1,924 | [279][280] |
![]() |
Yemen | 6,220 | 1,207 | 2,674 | [281] |
![]() |
Northern Cyprus[lower-alpha 46] | 6,071 | 29 | 5,272 | [282] |
![]() |
The Gambia | 5,882 | 174 | 5,309 | [283] |
![]() |
Seychelles | 5,170 | 26 | 4,675 | [284][285] |
![]() |
San Marino | 5,058 | 90 | 4,880 | [286] |
![]() |
Niger | 5,048 | 188 | 4,715 | [287] |
![]() |
Chad | 4,779 | 170 | 4,406 | [288][289] |
![]() |
Saint Lucia | 4,508 | 74 | 4,344 | [290] |
![]() |
Luhansk PR[lower-alpha 37] | 4,297 | 398 | 3,706 | [291] |
![]() |
Gibraltar | 4,283 | 94 | 4,183 | [292] |
![]() |
Sierra Leone | 4,046 | 79 | 3,045 | [293][294] |
![]() |
Somaliland[lower-alpha 47] | 3,946 | 247 | 2,781 | [295][296] |
![]() |
Burundi | 3,884 | 6 | 773 | [297][298] |
![]() |
Comoros | 3,833 | 146 | 3,664 | [299] |
![]() |
Barbados | 3,831 | 44 | 3,750 | [300] |
![]() |
Guinea-Bissau | 3,726 | 67 | 3,142 | [301][302] |
![]() |
Eritrea | 3,640 | 10 | 3,455 | [303] |
![]() |
South Ossetia[lower-alpha 48] | 3,296 | 60+ | 2,963 | [304] |
![]() |
Jersey | 3,233 | 69 | 3,172 | [305] |
![]() |
U.S. Virgin Islands | 3,093 | 27 | 3,008 | [306][307] |
![]() |
Liechtenstein | 2,908 | 57 | 2,774 | [308] |
![]() |
Vietnam | 2,857 | 35 | 2,516 | [309] |
![]() |
Artsakh[lower-alpha 49] | 2,652 | 31 | 337 | [310][311] |
![]() |
Monaco | 2,442 | 32 | 2,338 | [312] |
![]() |
Turks and Caicos Islands | 2,379 | 17 | 2,328 | [313] |
![]() |
Bermuda | 2,362 | 24 | 1,737 | [314] |
![]() |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 2,299 | 35 | 2,240 | [315] |
![]() |
New Zealand | 2,254 | 26 | 2,201 | [316][317] |
![]() |
Sint Maarten | 2,220 | 27 | 2,181 | [318] |
![]() |
East Timor | 2,124 | 3 | 1.020 | [319][320] |
![]() |
Liberia | 2,098 | 85 | 1,942 | [321] |
![]() |
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines | 1,844 | 11 | 1,711 | [322] |
![]() |
Isle of Man[lower-alpha 50] | 1,587 | 29 | 1,445 | [324] |
![]() |
Bonaire | 1,530 | 15 | 1,496 | [325] |
![]() |
Antigua and Barbuda | 1,232 | 32 | 1,014 | [326] |
![]() |
Mauritius | 1,206 | 17 | 1,055 | [327] |
![]() |
Taiwan[lower-alpha 51] | 1,116 | 12 | 1,050 | [329] |
![]() |
USS Theodore Roosevelt[lower-alpha 45] | 1,102 | 1 | 751 | [330][331] |
![]() |
Charles de Gaulle[lower-alpha 52] | 1,081 | 0 | 0 | [332] |
![]() |
Bhutan | 1,053 | 1 | 951 | [336] |
![]() |
Guernsey | 822 | 14 | 808 | [337] |
![]() |
Diamond Princess[lower-alpha 24] | 712 | 14 | 653 | [338][339] |
![]() |
Faroe Islands | 663 | 1 | 661 | [340][341] |
![]() |
Laos | 604 | 0 | 50 | [342] |
![]() |
Cayman Islands | 541 | 2 | 521 | [343] |
![]() |
Wallis and Futuna | 443 | 5 | 11 | [344] |
![]() |
Sahrawi Arab DR[lower-alpha 53] | 353 | 20 | 236 | [345] |
![]() |
Brunei | 224 | 3 | 215 | [346][347] |
![]() |
British Virgin Islands | 194 | 1 | 189 | [348] |
![]() |
Dominica | 172 | 0 | 167 | [349] |
![]() |
Northern Mariana Islands | 164 | 2 | 32 | [350][351] |
![]() |
Grenada | 159 | 1 | 157 | [352][353] |
![]() |
Costa Atlantica | 148 | 0 | 148 | [354][355] |
![]() |
Greg Mortimer | 128 | 1 | No data | [356][357] |
![]() |
New Caledonia | 124 | 0 | 30 | [358] |
![]() |
Fiji | 111 | 2 | 65 | [359] |
![]() |
Anguilla | 87 | 0 | 29 | [360] |
![]() |
Falkland Islands | 63 | 0 | 62 | [361] |
![]() |
Antarctica | 58 | 0 | 0 | [362] |
![]() |
Macau | 49 | 0 | 49 | [363] |
![]() |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 44 | 0 | 44 | [364][365] |
![]() |
Greenland | 31 | 0 | 31 | [366][367] |
![]() |
Vatican City | 29 | 0 | 27 | [368][369] |
![]() |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 25 | 0 | 25 | [370][371] |
![]() |
Montserrat | 20 | 1 | 18 | [372] |
![]() |
Sint Eustatius | 20 | 0 | 20 | [373] |
![]() |
Solomon Islands | 20 | 0 | 18 | [374][375] |
![]() |
MS Zaandam[lower-alpha 54] | 13 | 4 | No data | [378][379] |
![]() |
Coral Princess[lower-alpha 55] | 12 | 3 | No data | [381] |
![]() |
SeaDream I[lower-alpha 56] | 9 | 0 | No data | [382][383] |
![]() |
HNLMS Dolfijn[lower-alpha 57] | 8 | 0 | 8 | [384][387] |
![]() |
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 7 | 0 | 7 | [388][389] |
![]() |
Saba | 6 | 0 | 6 | [390] |
![]() |
Marshall Islands | 4 | 0 | 4 | [391][392] |
![]() |
American Samoa | 4 | 0 | 3 | [393] |
![]() |
Samoa | 4 | 0 | 2 | [394][395] |
![]() |
Vanuatu | 3 | 0 | 3 | [396][397] |
![]() |
Federated States of Micronesia | 1 | 0 | 1 | [398] |
![]() |
Tanzania[lower-alpha 58] | No data | No data | No data | [400][401] |
As of 25 December 2021 (UTC) · History of cases · History of deaths | |||||
Notes
|
Name[edit]
In February 2020, the WHO announced a name for the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2: COVID-19. It replaced the name "2019-nCoV."[402] "Covi" is for "coronavirus," "D" for "disease," and "19" for the year 2019 – the year it was first detected. They said they did not want the name to have any person, place, or animal in it because people might blame the disease on that place, person, or animal. For example, it did not use the word "Wuhan." They also wanted the name to be easy to say out loud.[403]
Mortality rate of COVID-19[edit]
According to an article in Market Watch dated on February 27, 2020, the overall case mortality rate in China was 2.3%. However, these results might be severely different between different age groups and between men and women. People over the age of 70 experienced a rate of mortality 4-5 times that of the average. Men were more likely to die than women (2.8% versus 1.7% for women) possibly due to lifestyle, such as it being more possible in men to drink and smoke, making the risk of having a respiratory illness more possible, and thus more vulnerable. [404]These numbers were the conclusion of a study by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention using 72,314 COVID-19 cases in mainland China as of Feb. 11. At that point this was the largest sample of cases for such a study.[405]
On March 5, 2020, the WHO released the case fatality rate.[406]
Race and racism[edit]
COVID-19 did not affect everyone in each country the same way.[407] As of May 2020, APM Research Lab said the death rate among black Americans was 2.4 times as high as for white Americans and 2.2 times as high as for Latino and Asian Americans.[408] In July 2020, The New York Times printed data from the Centers for Disease Control showing that black and Latino Americans were three times as likely to become sick and twice as likely to die as white Americans. This was not only in large cities but also in rural areas. This was not only for old people but for people in all age groups. Native Americans were also more likely than whites to become sick and die. Asian Americans were 1.3 times as likely as whites to become sick.[409]
Camara Jones, an epidemiologist who once worked for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said this was socioeconomic and not because of any natural difference in black and white people's bodies.[410] In the United States, black citizens are more likely to work jobs where they serve the public directly and to ride on public transport rather than take their own cars to work. This makes them more likely to be infected than people who work in private offices or from home. Sharrelle Barber, an epidemiologist and biostatistician from Drexel University, also said black Americans can live in crowded neighborhoods where social distancing is harder to do and healthy food harder to find.[411] Both Barber and Jones blamed the long history of racism in the United States for these things. Three senators, Kamala Harris, Cory Booker and Elizabeth Warren said the federal government should start recording the race of COVID-19 patients so scientists could study this problem.[411]
In June, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) told the public that people using the United States' government's Medicare health program had different results depending on race. Four times as many black Medicare patients went to hospitals for COVID-19 than white Medicare patients. There were twice as many hospitalized Hispanic patients than white patients. There were three hospitalized Asian patients for every two hospitalized white patients. The head of CMS, Seema Verma, said this was mostly because of socioeconomic status.[412]
In the United Kingdom, twice as many black COVID-19 patients died as white COVID-19 patients. Other non-white people, like people from India and Bangladesh, were also more likely to die of COVID-19 than whites. Britain's Office of National Statistics said that the differences in money and education explained some of this difference but not all of it. They also said they did not know whether non-white patients caught COVID-19 more often or whether they caught more severe cases. Only female Chinese Britons were less likely to die of COVID-19 than white Britons.[413]
Indigenous peoples[edit]
Native Americans in the United States have shown more deaths from COVID-19 than the rest of the U.S.[414] As of May, the Navajo Nation had 88 deaths and 2,757 cases, and the money they had been promised by the government arrived several weeks late. Only 30% of the people in the Navajo Nation have pipes with running water, which made it difficult for people to wash their hands.[415]
Scientists from Chapman University made a plan to protect the Tsimane people in Bolivia from COVID-19 and said this plan would also work for other indigenous peoples living on their own land. The scientists said that many indigenous peoples have problems that make COVID-19 more dangerous for them, like poverty, less clean water, and other lung diseases. Hospitals may be a long distance away, and racism can affect the way doctors and nurses react. But they also sometimes have things that help, like traditions of making decisions together and the ability to grow food nearby.[414] The scientists found people who spoke the Tsimane language as a first language and made teams to go to Tsimane towns to warn them about COVID-19. They also used radio stations. They said the best plan was for whole communities to decide to isolate. They found this worked well because the Tsimane already usually made their big decisions together as a community in special meetings and already had a tradition of quarantining new mothers. The Chapman scientists said their plan would also work for other indigenous peoples who also make decisions together, like the Tsimane. [416][414] The Waswanipi Cree in Canada, the Mapoon people in Australia, and many groups in South America already tried plans like these on their own.[414][417]
George Floyd protests[edit]
In May 2020, police officers in Minneapolis, Minnesota killed an unarmed black man called George Floyd while they were arresting him. There were weeks of protests all over the world against police brutality and racism. Experts said they were worried protesters and police could spread SARS-CoV-2 to each other. Other experts said some of the reasons that the protests were so big was because non-white people were being killed by COVID-19 more than white people were, because poor leadership in the COVID-19 crisis reminded them of poor leadership about racism, and because the lockdowns shut down workplaces and other things. This meant people had more time to protest.[417] [418][419][420]
African Americans[edit]
African Americans are more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts in the United States,[421] and are also more likely to die from it.[422][423] 50,000 African Americans died of COVID-19 in 2020.[424] African Americans are the least likely to get vaccinated against the disease.[425]
Romani people[edit]
Romani people (Gypsies) in Europe were hard-hit by COVID-19.[426]
Hispanics[edit]
Latinos have been at a higher risk of hospitalization or death from COVID-19 in the United States.[427]
Conspiracy theories[edit]
In early 2020, some people began to think that the SARS-CoV-2 may have been made on purpose in a laboratory and either released by accident or on purpose like a weapon. Some Iranians thought the Americans might have made it.[428] Chinese state media said COVID-19 came from the United States to China and not the other way around.[429] Some Americans thought the Chinese might have made it.[430] Some Britons thought it might have been created by accident by 5G cell phone networks.[431]
On March 17, 2020, scientists from Columbia University and other places published a paper in Nature Medicine showing that SARS-CoV-2 was almost surely not made by humans in a laboratory. They did this by comparing the genomes of different viruses to each other.[26] The scientists saw that SARS-CoV-2 did not match any of the viral backbones that already exist for virologists to use.[432] Within a few weeks, it became one of the most cited scientific papers in history, meaning that other scientists were reading and using it.
Graphs[edit]
Case fatality rates by age group in China. Data through 11 February 2020.[433]
COVID-19 total cases per 100,000 population from selected countries[434]
COVID-19 active cases per 100,000 population from selected countries[434]
COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 population from selected countries[434]
Timelines of COVID-19[edit]

On December 31, 2019, China alerted WHO to several cases of unusual pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei province. [435]
On January 20, 2020, Chinese premier Li Keqiang called for efforts to stop and control the pneumonia epidemic caused by a novel coronavirus.[436] As of February 5, 2020, 24,588 cases have been confirmed,[437][438] including in every province-level division of China.[437] A larger number of people may have been infected, but not detected (especially mild cases).[439][440] The first local transmission of the virus outside China occurred in Vietnam between family members,[441] while the first local transmission not involving family occurred in Germany, on January 22, when a German man contracted the disease from a Chinese business visitor at a meeting.[442] As of 5 February 2020[update], 493 deaths have been attributed to the virus since the first confirmed death on January 9, with 990 recoveries.[443][437] The first death outside China was reported in the Philippines, in a 44-year-old Chinese male on February 1.[444] but another source reported: "The first cases of COVID-19 outside of China were identified on January 13 in Thailand and on January 16 in Japan".[445]
There has been testing which have showed over 6000 confirmed cases in China,[446] some of whom are healthcare workers.[447][448]
Confirmed cases have also been reported in Thailand, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Macau, Hong Kong, the United States (Everett, Washington and Chicago),[448] Singapore,[449] Vietnam,[450] France[451] and Nepal.[452]
The World Health Organization declared that this is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern since January 30, 2020.
Bloomberg News and other business publications have reported several plant closures, travel restrictions, and imposed quarantines as a result of this outbreak.[453]
As of February 10, 2020 there have been 40,235 confirmed cases reported of people infected by the virus in China. Also reported were 909 deaths, and 319 cases in 24 other countries, including one death, according to WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.[454]
On November 14, 2020, there were 53,853,718 global COVID-19 cases and 1,311,524 deaths with cases in 217 countries and territories.[455]
China[edit]
- The first cases of COVID-19 were detected in Wuhan, Hubei, Mainland China in December of 2019.[456]
- On Feb. 4, 2020, the Seattle Times reported that Around 2020 Chinese new year authorities closed down travel from China to Macau. As a result visits fell eighty percent.[457]
- Feb 6, 2020, the COVID-19 whistleblower, Li Wenliang, dies of the disease.
- On February 6, 2020, according to Chinese authorities, a man from the United States who tested positive for the virus died.[458]
- On February 25, 2020 the Asian Scientist Magazine reported Chinese Scientists Sequence Genome Of COVID-19 [459]
- According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention, China had the largest number of confirmed cases and deaths on March 1, 2020.[460]
- On March 3, 2020 Science (journal) reported:
- China built two new hospitals in one week just for patients of COVID-19
- The article praised the way China has handled this crisis, but said "draconian" measures were used to achieve success.[461]
- On March 6, 2020, CNN reported that a hotel used as a COVID-19 quarantine center collapsed. Seventy people were trapped in a collapsed Quanzhou hotel.[462]
- The Chinese economy was greatly affected by the virus, and many factories shut down during the spike of cases in China during the early months of the pandemic.[463]
- As of October 30, 2020, the number of cases of the virus in China were generally going down, with only 771 new cases being reported in the month of October.[464]
United States[edit]
- The first case of COVID-19 in the United States was detected in a man from the state of Washington on January 21, 2020.[465]
- On February 27, 2020, US President Donald Trump appointed Vice President Mike Pence to lead the US response to COVID-19.[466]
- On February 29, 2020, the first death in the US was reported from the state of Washington.[467]
- On March 3, 2020 CBS reported 15 states with confirmed cases.[468]
- Movements such as elbow bumps began replacing handshakes , as handshakes spread the virus and bacteria more.[469]
- On March 6, 2020, the CDC announced that one million test kits would be distributed.[470][471]
- On March 9, 2020, the US stock market was approaching bear territory.[472]
- On March 9, 2020, there were also scattered reports that some were quarantined while their household members were not.[473]
- On March 10, 2020, the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, Alex Azar, said that it is was not known how many Americans tested positive for the virus. This was because many of the test kits went out to private companies.[474]
- On March 10, 2020, the governor of New York, Andrew Cuomo, announced that the city of New Rochelle was the largest cluster of COVID-19 cases in the state. Among other things done to contain the virus in New Rochelle, the National Guard was sent to the city to hand out food and disinfect buildings.[475]
- On March 26, the United States surpass Italy and China's cases, becoming the epicenter for a while.[476]
- On April 3, 2020, the CDC first recommended the use of cloth face coverings by the general public to reduce the spread of the virus in places such as grocery stores and pharmacies.[477]
- On April 11, the U.S became the most death in the world. [478]
- On July 22, 2020, the United States surpassed 1,000 daily COVID-19 deaths for a second time.[479]
- On September 22, 2020, the United States reached 200,000 deaths from the virus.[480]
- Between September to October, there was a COVID-19 outbreak at the White House, causing many officials to be diagnosed with the infection, including President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump.[481]
- In December 2020, California surpassed over 30,000 new cases in a day.[482]
- On December 11, 2020, the Food and Drug Administration said doctors could give people the Pfizer vaccine.[32][34]
- On December 14, 2020, the State of New York gave people the first vaccines, starting with health care workers.[32][34]
- On December 26, 2020, California had a record breaking 65,055 new cases in a day after Christmas.[483]
- California became the first state to surpass 2 million cases in December 2020.[484]
Economic effects of COVID-19 in the United States[edit]
- On March 6, President Trump signed a $8.3 billion emergency spending package to fight the COVID outbreak.[485][486]
- On March 5, 2020, it was announced that medical costs for Washington state residents asking to be tested would be waived until May.[487] (People have to pay for their own health care in the United States. See: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act).
- On March 9, 2020, President Trump proposed, among other measures, a payroll tax cut to help the US economy.[488]
Italy[edit]
- On February 27, 2020, according to the EU Observer, a dozen towns in the northern regions of Lombardy and Veneto were under lockdown, with around 50,000 citizens not allowed to leave, and over 200 reported cases of COVID n Italy.[489]
- On March 4, 2020, according to the Guardian , the Italian government has ordered the closing of all of Italy's schools and universities until 15 March, 2020[490]
- On March 5, 2020 the Guardian reported: "Italian educational institutions close as Covid-19 deaths pass 100"[491]
- On March 8, 2020, Al Jazeera reported that after a daily infection rate of 1,247 cases, Lombardy together with ten other areas were sealed off to try to quarantine 16 million people.[492] The cities of Milan and Venice were in the quarantined area. [493]
- On March 10, 2020, it was reported that Italy was under quarantine.[494][495]
- On October 5, 2020, Italy imposed a new lockdown and set of restrictions after previously relaxing them. This was due to a second wave of cases that was even worse than the one in spring.[496]
Iran[edit]
- On 28 February 2020, the BBC reported COVID-19 deaths in Iran were at least 210.[497]
- March 3, 2020 multiple Iranian government officials including deputy health minister Iraj Harirchi and vice president of women and family affairs Masoumeh Ebtekar, who served as a spokesperson during the Iran hostage crisis, had contracted COVID-19.[498][499]
Canada[edit]
- The first case of COVID-19 in Canada was detected in a man from Toronto on January 25, 2020.[500]
- On March 12, 2020, Sophie Grégoire Trudeau, the wife of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, tested positive for coronavirus. The Prime Minister and his wife isolated for 14 days.[501]
- On April 6, 2020, Canada’s Chief Public Health Officer, Theresa Tam, said that people should use simple cloth facemasks to help slow the spread of the virus.[502]
- On May 1, 2020, Canada surpassed 200 daily coronavirus deaths.[503]
- On November 12, 2020, Canada surpassed 5,000 daily COVID-19 cases.[503]
- On December 26, 2020, Canada confirmed first two cases of mutant coronavirus strain from England.[504]
South Africa[edit]
- The new coronavirus strain, called the 501.V2 Variant, was first discovered in South African province Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape. It spreads more rapidly.[505]
Australia[edit]
- First case reported on 25 January 2020.[506]
- See COVID-19 pandemic in Australia
New Zealand[edit]
- The first case of COVID-19 in New Zealand was detected in late February 2020 in a person in their 60s.[507]
- On March 24, 2020, New Zealand reported over 100 daily coronavirus cases for the first time.[508]
- From April to November 2020, New Zealand reported between 0 to 50 daily cases.[508]
- Between August 25, 2021 and August 31, 2021, the whole of New Zealand had been temporarily increased to its maximum lockdown level, Level 4, due to the delta variant.[509] Most of the cases during August 2021 were originated from New South Wales.[510] As of September 6, 2021, all of New Zealand has dropped to Level 2, while Auckland remains at Level 4.[509]
Cruise ships[edit]
- On the Diamond Princess cruise ship, out of 3,711 total passengers and crew members, 621 people, or 17% of all the people on board the ship tested positive for COVID-19. The ship ended its quarantine on February 18th.[511]
Africa[edit]
- In late February 2020, Nigeria had it’s first case in Sub-Saharan Africa.
- In November 2020, Africa surpassed 2 million cases.[512]
Food and hunger[edit]
The pandemic made it more difficult for millions of people all over the world to get enough food. People lost their jobs, so they did not have money to buy food. Farms were shut down, so there was less food made. Processing plants and food factories were shut down, so less food was made ready for people to eat.[513]
In April, Arif Husain of the United Nations' World Food Program said that 130 million more people could go hungry, in addition to the 135 million who were already hungry before the pandemic began. He said that poorer countries would be more affected than rich countries because the way they move raw food from farms to cities and other places where people live is less organized and relies more on human beings than on automatic systems.[513]
This hunger crisis is different from crises in other years because it happened to the whole world at the same time. That meant that people working in other countries could not help by sending money home.[513][514]
All over the world, children who ate meals at school had less access to food when the schools were shut down.[513]
Scientists from the University of Michigan said the pandemic was making it harder for people to find food. In a study published in May, they said one in seven Americans over age 50 said they had trouble getting enough food before the pandemic, and it got worse when senior centers that provided meals were closed.[515] Federal and state governments started programs to bring food to older people and children. There were also more food donation drives in towns.[514]
Old people[edit]
In the United States, nursing homes had some of the highest rates of infection and death,
40% of all COVID-19 deaths in the country. Nursing homes are group homes for old people who need medical care, for disabled people who need medical care, and for people recovering from severe sickness or injury, like stroke patients.
Many people who live in nursing homes pay through the government program Medicaid, which pays less than Medicare or regular insurance companies. In June, many American nursing homes were caught throwing their regular patients out so they could make room for COVID-19 patients who could pay them more. Because nursing homes had stopped allowing visitors, it took longer for them to get caught. United States law requires nursing homes to warn patients 30 days before kicking them out, but the nursing homes did not do this.
Some of the nursing homes took the COVID-19 patients because state governments asked them to and they say they sent their elderly residents away because they were worried they would catch COVID-19 from the sick patients.[516]
Environment[edit]
Because so many governments told people to stay at home, there was less air pollution than usual for that time of year. Pollution in New York fell by 50% and the use of coal in China fell by 40%.[517] The European Space Agency showed pictures taken from a satellite of China's pollution disappearing during quarantine and coming back when everyone went back to work.[518]
The pandemic and shutdowns made people use less electricity. In the United States, people got less of their electricity from coal power but kept using gas and renewable power like wind and solar power. This was because coal plants are more expensive to run, so power companies used them less.[519]
Pollution from before the pandemic also affected what happened after people became sick. Scientists saw that more people died from COVID-19 in places with large amounts of air pollution. One team of scientists from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg looked at air pollution information from satellites and statistics on COVID-19 deaths in Italy, France, Germany and Spain and saw that places with large amounts of nitrogen dioxide pollution had more people die from COVID-19. Nitrogen dioxide can damage the lungs.[520][521]
The shutdowns and social distancing also affected animals. Human beings started staying at home about the same time in the spring when sea turtles like to come on land to lay their eggs. Turtle scientists in the United States and Thailand both reported more nests than usual on seashores in Florida and Phuket. They say it is because people are not coming to the beach or bringing their dogs to the beach and because there are fewer boats in the water nearby. Scientists also say they see more dugong and dolphins.[522][523][524] With fewer cars driving down roads, salamanders, frogs, and other amphibians were able to cross them for their spring migration. According to citizen scientists from Big Night Maine, a group that watches amphibians, four amphibians made it across the roads alive for every one amphibian killed by cars. Most years, it is only two to one.[525]
Not all ocean mammals did well. According to marine biologists in Florida, manatee deaths in April and May were 20% higher than in 2019. They say this was because many people decided to go boating because other things to do were closed.[526]
Stopping the next pandemic[edit]
Researchers from the San Diego Zoo Global had the idea for a system that people could use to find dangerous germs before they become pandemics or even before they jump from other animals to humans. They said it was important to watch the wildlife trade, like in the Wuhan wet market. The scientists said that over the past eleven years it has gotten easier and easier to sequence viral genomes, and it does not have to be done by a large lab or by a government any more. The scientists said it would be better to spread the work out among more people.[527][528]
Prevention and treatment[edit]
Avoiding traveling and staying home will greatly reduce your risk from catching COVID-19. Staying home doesn't apply if one is sick and needs medical care. Get enough rest and stay hydrated.[529] Wearing a mask and washing your hands can prevent the virus from spreading.[530] Masks should not be placed on children under 2 years of age, people who have trouble breathing, have a respiratory or other medical condition which renders one unable to wear a mask safely, or anyone who is unable to remove the mask without help. Covering coughs and sneezes also reduce the risk of spreading the virus, but one can infect someone else by touching things with coughed/sneezed-in hands. Making sure not to share drinking glasses, cups and particularly other objects which people will drink or eat out of is important if one assumes they are infected or tested positive in the past. Washing eating utensils and other oral eating objects is preferable and cleaning surfaces or possessions which have been repeatedly touched is also important. These include, according to the Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, phones, remote controls, counters, tabletops, doorknobs, bathroom fixtures, toilets, keyboards, tablets, and bedside tables. Avoiding touching your face, nose, or mouth with your hands. Avoiding public transportation, taxis or taking rides with others can stop one's exposure to the virus. [529] Rumors spread about high doses of Vitamin C preventing COVID-19, but these as of October 14, 2020, there has been no conclusive evidence to support this idea.[531] However, there has been evidence pointing to the fact that dosing patients with Vitamin C, either through mouth or IV can reduce time on mechanical ventilators for seriously ill patients by 14%.[532]Drinking tea such as black tea and green tea can inhibit the virus.[533] Staying home for the holidays, having a small gathering of close friends and family members who are consistently taking measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and celebrating virtually through social media can prevent being infected by the virus. Airports, bus stations, train stations, public transport, gas stations, and rest stops are all places travelers can be exposed to catching the virus.[534] Eating a healthy diet that is high in fruits and vegetables, getting rest and sleep, exercising, consuming raw honey, probiotics, garlic, mushrooms and elderberry can boost the immune system.[535] Playing video games to pass time during quarantine can prevent the virus from spreading.[536] Flavanols and proanthocyanidins which are chemicals found in dark chocolate, grapes and green tea may block SARS-CoV-2 proteins.[537] Places you are most likely to catch the virus are churches, hair and nail salons, cruise ships, hospitals and the doctor’s office, restaurants and bars, theaters, sporting events, concert venues, buses, restrooms, elevators, the gym, airplanes, hotels, public swimming pools, nightclubs and the beach.[538] Vaccinated people still need to wear a mask.[539] Flying in a private jet can prevent the spread of coronavirus.[540] Smoking marijuana and tobacco can further damage your lungs.[541] Getting vaccinated can prevent new virus strains.[542]
List of terminology associated with COVID-19[edit]
- SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes COVID-19
- 2019-nCoV is the old name for SARS-CoV-2
- Coronavirus disease 2019 is the complete name for COVID-19
- community spread is the spread of the disease without a known travel connection
- clusters are groups of COVID-19 cases in which many people in the same area became infected with COVID-19
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it". World Health Organization (WHO).
- ↑ "Coronavirus very likely of animal origin, no sign of lab manipulation: WHO". Reuters. 21 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
- ↑ Lau SK, Luk HK, Wong AC, Li KS, Zhu L, He Z, et al. (April 2020). "Possible Bat Origin of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2". Emerging Infectious Diseases. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 26 (7): 1542–1547. doi:10.3201/eid2607.200092. ISSN 1080-6059. OCLC 1058036512. PMC 7323513. PMID 32315281. S2CID 216073459.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Novel Coronavirus—China". World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU)". ArcGIS. Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Coronavirus disease 2019". World Health Organization. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "WHO Director-General's opening 7remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19—11 March 2020". World Health Organization. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2020.
- ↑ Hui, David S.; Azhar, Esam EI; Madani, Tariq A.; Ntoumi, Francine; Kock, Richard; Dar, Osman; Ippolito, Giuseppe; Mchugh, Timothy D.; Memish, Ziad A.; Drosten, Christian; Zumla, Alimuddin (14 January 2020). "The continuing epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health – the latest novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 91: 264–266. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009. ISSN 1201-9712.
- ↑ "Undiagnosed pneumonia - China (HU) (01): wildlife sales, market closed, RFI Archive Number: 20200102.6866757". Pro-MED-mail. International Society for Infectious Diseases. Archived from the original on 22 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
- ↑ Cohen, Jon; Normile, Dennis (17 January 2020). "New SARS-like virus in China triggers alarm". Science. 367 (6475): 234–235. doi:10.1126/science.367.6475.234. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 31949058. Archived from the original on 17 January 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
- ↑ Parry, Jane (20 January 2020). "China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission". British Medical Journal. 368. doi:10.1136/bmj.m236. ISSN 1756-1833.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "COVID-19 Map". Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ↑ "Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases". Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- ↑ "Coronavirus Update (Live): 307,627 Cases and 13,050 Deaths from COVID-19 Virus Outbreak—Worldometer". www.worldometers.info.
- ↑ "Q & A on COVID-19". European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Q&A on coronaviruses". World Health Organization. 11 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—Transmission". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 17 March 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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- ↑ "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 11 February 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ↑ "Covid: Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine approved for EU states". BBC News. 2020-12-21. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
- ↑ Reuters, Source: (2020-12-30). "'Safety first': UK health regulatory officials approve Oxford vaccine – video". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
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has generic name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ↑ "Which countries have rolled out COVID vaccine?". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
- ↑ CNN, Emma Reynolds, Stephanie Halasz, Frederik Pleitgen and Lindsay Isaac. "UK becomes first country to authorize Pfizer/BioNTech's Covid-19 vaccine, first shots roll out next week". CNN. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
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:|last=
has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ 24.0 24.1 "FAQ: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)". World Health Organization. 12 October 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ↑ "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 11 February 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 University of Sydney (March 26, 2020). "Unlocking the Genetic Code of the Novel Coronavirus: How COVID-19 Made the Leap From Animals to Humans". SciTech Daily. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
- ↑ https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/coronavirus-could-started-market-koala-21346952
- ↑ https://www.livescience.com/first-case-coronavirus-found.html
- ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/article/coronavirus-timeline.html
- ↑ https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/travel/article/3047888/china-coronavirus-unchecked-flow-chinese-tourists
- ↑ Denise Grady (November 16, 2020). "Early Data Show Moderna's Coronavirus Vaccine Is 94.5% Effective". New York Times. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 Richard Pérez-Peña (December 12, 2020). "How the Vaccine Rollout Will Compare in Britain, Canada and the U.S." New York Times. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
- ↑ Benjamin Mueller (December 8, 2020). "As U.K. Begins Vaccinations, a Glimpse of Life After Covid". New York Times. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
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- ↑ COVID-19 deaths worldwide as of May 17, 2021, by country
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{{cite web}}
:|author=
has generic name (help) - ↑ "Symptoms of Coronavirus". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
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- ↑ "COVID-19 : bilan et chiffres clés en France". www.santepubliquefrance.fr (in français). Retrieved 27 April 2021.
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- ↑ Niebieskikwiat N (13 April 2020). "Coronavirus en Argentina: los casos de las Islas Malvinas se incluirán en el total nacional". Clarín (in español).
- ↑ "Información epidemiológica" (in español). Ministerio de Salud. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ↑ "CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19)". covid19.minsalud.gov.co. 26 April 2021. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
- ↑ "Ministerstwo Zdrowia". Twitter (in polski). Ministry of Health (Poland). 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
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- ↑ "Covid-19 Mexico" (in español). Instituciones del Gobierno de México. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "За весь час пандемії в Україні" (in українська). Maksym Stepanov. 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Coronavirus epidemic monitoring system". National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ Ministry of Health (Peru) (27 April 2021). "Sala Situacional COVID-19 Perú" (in español).
- ↑ "Minsa: Casos confirmados por coronavirus COVID-19 ascienden a 1 775 062 en el Perú (Comunicado N°506)". gob.pe (in español). 27 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
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- ↑ "Actuele informatie over het nieuwe coronavirus (COVID-19)" (in Nederlands). RIVM. 20 April 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
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- ↑ Shah, Maryam (17 July 2020). "88% of Canada's coronavirus cases are considered recovered". Global News. Archived from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- ↑ Forani, Jonathan. "Active coronavirus cases in Canada plummet as Quebec changes recovery criteria". CTV News. Archived from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
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- ↑ Vega, Matías (25 May 2020). ""Recuperados" podrían estar en la UCI: Mañalich aclara que cuentan a quienes dejan de contagiar". BioBioChile (in español). Retrieved 26 May 2020.
- ↑ "Gobierno informa 3.069 fallecidos sospechosos de Covid-19". Cooperativa.cl (in español). 20 June 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- ↑ "Informe Epidemiológico 109 – Enfermedad por SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)" (PDF). Department of Statistics and Health Information – Ministry of Health of Chile (in español). 5 April 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
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- ↑ "Comunicate de presă" [Press release] (in română). Ministry of Internal Affairs (Romania). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "الموقف الوبائي اليومي لجائحة كورونا في العراق ليوم الخميس الموافق ٥ تشرين الثاني ٢٠٢٠". Facebook (in العربية). Ministry of Health of Iraq. 25 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
- ↑ "COVID-19 Case Bulletin". Department of Health (Philippines). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "COVID-19 Tracker". Department of Health (Philippines). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Nieuw gemor over Belgische rapportering coronadoden". De Tijd. 20 April 2020.
- ↑ "COVID-19 – Epidemiologische situatie". Sciensano (in Nederlands). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Coronavirus COVID-19" (in Nederlands). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Antal fall av covid-19 i Sverige – data uppdateras 11:30 och siffrorna är tillgängliga 14:00". Public Health Agency of Sweden – Official statistics at arcgis (in svenska). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
Data updated daily at 11:30 [CEST]
{{cite web}}
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ignored (help) - ↑ נגיף הקורונה בישראל – תמונת מצב כללית [Corona virus in Israel] (in עברית). Retrieved 20 April 2021.
- ↑ "Ponto de Situação Atual em Portugal" (in português). Direção-Geral da Saúde. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Já se encontra disponível o relatório de situação de hoje" (in português). Direção-Geral da Saúde. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "COVID-19 Situation". covid.gov.pk. Government of Pakistan. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Tájékoztató oldal a koronavírusról". koronavirus.gov.hu. 25 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ করোনা ভাইরাস ইনফো ২০১৯. corona.gov.bd (in Bengali). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "কোভিড-১৯ ট্র্যাকার" [COVID-19 Tracker]. covid19tracker.gov.bd. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "COVID-19 Statistical report". Ministry of Health (Jordan). 26 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ↑ "Latest Information about COVID-19 in the Republic of Serbia". covid19.rs. Ministry of Health (Serbia). Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Current situation in Switzerland". Federal Office of Public Health. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Cas d'infection au Sars-CoV-2 en Suisse". Tribune de Genève (in français). Retrieved 24 December 2020.
- ↑ "Bundesministerium für Inneres: Aktuelle Zahlen zum Corona-Virus" (in Deutsch). Innenministerium. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
- ↑ 新型コロナウイルス感染症の現在の状況と厚生労働省の対応について. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) (in 日本語). 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ الجمهورية اللبنانية – وزارة اﻹعلام – الموقع الرسمي لمتابعة أخبار فيروس الكورونا في لبنان (in العربية). Ministry of Information (Lebanon). 27 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ↑ "UAE CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) UPDATES". National Emergency Crisis and Disaster Management Authority (UAE). 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ "Le Portail Officiel du Coronavirus au Maroco". Ministère de la santé (in français). Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ↑ "COVID 19 Dashboard: Saudi Arabia" (in العربية). Ministry of Health (Saudi Arabia). 25 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
- ↑ "Terkini Harian" [Daily updates] (in Bahasa Melayu). Ministry of Health (Malaysia). 28 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ↑ 1 352 са новодиагностицираните с COVID-19 лица у нас през изминалото днонощие (in български). Ministry of Health (Bulgaria). 11 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
- ↑ "COVID-19 in Bulgaria". coronavirus.bg. 28 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
- ↑ "Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the Slovak Republic in numbers". korona.gov.sk. National Health Information Center. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
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- ↑ "Službena stranica Vlade". Croatian Institute of Public Health. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
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- ↑ 414.0 414.1 414.2 414.3 Hillard S. Kaplan; Benjamin C. Trumble; Jonathan Stieglitz; Roberta Mendez Mamany; Maguin Gutierrez Cayuba; Leonardina Maito Moye; Sarah Alami; Thomas Kraft; Raul Quispe Gutierrez; Juan Copajira Adrian; Randall C. Thompson; Gregory S. Thomas; David E. Michalik; Daniel Eid Rodriguez; Michael D. Gurven (May 15, 2020). "Voluntary collective isolation as a best response to COVID-19 for indigenous populations? A case study and protocol from the Bolivian Amazon" (PDF). Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31104-1. Retrieved May 16, 2020.
{{cite journal}}
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(help) - ↑ Chapman University (May 15, 2020). (Press release). Eurekalert https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-05/cu-vci051520.php. Retrieved May 16, 2020.
{{cite press release}}
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(help); Text "Voluntary collective isolation is best response to COVID-19 for indigenous populations" ignored (help) - ↑ 417.0 417.1 Javier C. Hernández; Benjamin Mueller (June 1, 2020). "Global Anger Grows Over George Floyd's Death in Minneapolis". New York Times. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
- ↑ Brooke Cunningham (June 8, 2020). "Protesting Police Brutality and Racial Oppression Is Essential Work". Time. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
- ↑ David Robinson; David McKay Wilson; Nancy Cutler; Ashley Biviano; Matt Steecker (June 6, 2020). "Why George Floyd's death, COVID-19 inequality sparked protests: 'We're witnessing history'". USA Today. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
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- ↑ US blacks 3 times more likely than whites to get COVID-19
- ↑ African Americans more likely to die from coronavirus illness, early data shows
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- ↑ https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/12/pandemic-black-death-toll-racism/617460/
- ↑ Black Americans Are Getting Vaccinated at Lower Rates Than White Americans
- ↑ Europe's marginalised Roma people hit hard by coronavirus
- ↑ For U.S. Latinos, COVID-19 Has Taken a Personal and Financial Toll
- ↑ Jon Gambrell. "Iran leader refuses US help, citing virus conspiracy theory". Associated Press.
- ↑ Kuo, Lily (March 13, 2020). "'American coronavirus': China pushes propaganda casting doubt on virus origin". The Guardian. London.
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- ↑ Kristian G. Anderson; Andrew Rambaut; W. Ian Lipkin; Edward C. Holmes; Robert F. Garry (March 17, 2020). "The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2". Nature Medicine. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
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(help) - ↑ The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team. The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) – China, 2020. China CDC Weekly, 2020, 2(8): 113–122.
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- ↑ "全国新型肺炎疫情实时动态 – 丁香园·丁香医生". ncov.dxy.cn. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ↑ Imai, Natsuko; Dorigatti, Ilaria; Cori, Anne; Donnelly, Christl; Riley, Steven; Ferguson, Neil M (21 January 2020). "Estimating the potential total number of novel Coronavirus cases in Wuhan City, China (Report 2" (PDF). Imperial College London. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2020. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
- ↑ "HKUMed WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control releases real-time nowcast on the likely extent of the Wuhan coronavirus outbreak, domestic and international spread with the forecast for chunyun". HKUMed School of Public Health. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
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- ↑ "Germany confirms human transmission of coronavirus". Deutsche Welle. 28 January 2020. Archived from the original on 28 January 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
- ↑ Qin, Amy; Hernández, Javier C. (10 January 2020). "China Reports First Death From New Virus". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 11 January 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ↑ Ramzy, Austin; May, Tiffany (2 February 2020). "Philippines Reports First Coronavirus Death Outside China". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 February 2020. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
- ↑ coronavirus#citationMax Roser and Hannah Ritchie (2020) - "Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus'[permanent dead link] [Online Resource]
- ↑ World Health Organization (2020). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): situation report, 13 (PDF) (Report). World Health Organization. hdl:10665/330778.
- ↑ Lisa Schnirring: WHO decision on nCoV emergency delayed as cases spike Archived 2020-01-24 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ 448.0 448.1 Field, Field (22 January 2020). "Nine dead as Chinese coronavirus spreads, despite efforts to contain it". The Washington Post. Retrieved 22 January 2020.
- ↑ Goh, Timothy; Toh, Ting Wei (23 January 2020). "Singapore confirms first case of Wuhan virus; second case likely". The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ↑ Vietnam confirms first acute pneumonia cases in Saigon - VnExpress International
- ↑ "France confirms two cases of deadly coronavirus". The Independent. 2020-01-24. Retrieved 2020-01-24.
- ↑ "First case of coronavirus in Nepal after student who returned from Wuhan tests positive". 24 January 2020.
- ↑ Bloomberg - Are you a robot?
- ↑ Coronavirus cases outside China could spark a ‘bigger fire’: WHO | National Post
- ↑ "Coronavirus Update (Live): 53,854,371 Cases and 1,311,534 Deaths from COVID-19 Virus Pandemic - Worldometer". www.worldometers.info. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
- ↑ James Gallagher (January 18, 2020). "New virus in China 'will have infected hundreds'". BBC. Retrieved April 13, 2020.
- ↑ Coronavirus shuts Macao, the world’s gambling capital | The Seattle Times
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- ↑ Chinese Scientists Sequence Genome Of COVID-19 | Asian Scientist Magazine | Science, technology and medical news updates from Asia
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- ↑ Quarantine hotel collapses in China, leaving 10 dead - CNN
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- ↑ "China - COVID-19 Overview - Johns Hopkins". Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Retrieved 2020-10-30.
- ↑ News, A. B. C. "1st confirmed case of new coronavirus reported in US: CDC". ABC News. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
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has generic name (help) - ↑ Trump appoints Pence to lead US response to COVID-19
- ↑ US Reports First Death From COVID-19
- ↑ Coronavirus updates: COVID-19 kills 6 people in Washington state
- ↑ Davies, Caroline (2020-03-03). "Elbow-bumps and footshakes: the new coronavirus etiquette". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
- ↑ "Trying to make up for lost time, the CDC will distribute 1.1M COVID-19 tests by this weekend". TechCrunch. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
- ↑ White House says it will fail to hit 1M goal for coronavirus test kits - Business Insider
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- ↑ Newman, Andy (2020-03-09). "Confusion Over Coronavirus Quarantines Feeds Anxiety". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
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has generic name (help) - ↑ Nir, Sarah Maslin; McKinley, Jesse (2020-03-19). "'Containment Area' Is Ordered for New Rochelle Coronavirus Cluster". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
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