>Monkbot m Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 34 templates: hyphenate params (33×); |
Gurushivam (talk | contribs) enhance layout for clarity and fixed typos based on references |
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{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name | | name = Jamboni | ||
| other_name | | other_name = | ||
| nickname | | nickname = | ||
| settlement_type | | settlement_type = Community development block | ||
| image_skyline | | image_skyline = | ||
| image_alt | | image_alt = | ||
| image_caption | | image_caption = | ||
| | | image_map = Jamboni in Jhargram (West Bengal).svg | ||
| pushpin_label_position | | pushpin_map = | ||
| pushpin_map_alt | | pushpin_label_position = right | ||
| pushpin_map_caption | | pushpin_map_alt = | ||
| coordinates | | pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India | ||
| subdivision_type | | coordinates = {{coord|22.451|N|86.879|E|display=inline,title}} | ||
| subdivision_name | | subdivision_type = Country | ||
| subdivision_type1 | | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | ||
| subdivision_name1 | | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | ||
| subdivision_type2 | | subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]] | ||
| subdivision_name2 | | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | ||
| established_title | | subdivision_name2 = [[Jhargram district|Jhargram]] | ||
| established_date | | established_title = <!-- Established --> | ||
| founder | | established_date = | ||
| named_for | | founder = | ||
| government_type | | named_for = | ||
| governing_body | | government_type = [[Federalism in India|Federal democracy]] | ||
| unit_pref | | governing_body = | ||
| area_footnotes | | unit_pref = Metric | ||
| area_rank | | area_footnotes = | ||
| area_total_km2 | | area_rank = | ||
| elevation_footnotes | | area_total_km2 = 318.83 | ||
| elevation_m | | elevation_footnotes = | ||
| population_total | | elevation_m = 79 | ||
| population_as_of | | population_total = 113,197 | ||
| population_rank | | population_as_of = 2011 | ||
| population_density_km2 | | population_rank = | ||
| population_demonym | | population_density_km2 = auto | ||
| population_footnotes | | population_demonym = | ||
| demographics_type1 | | population_footnotes = | ||
| demographics1_title1 | | demographics_type1 = Languages | ||
| demographics1_info1 | | demographics1_title1 = Official | ||
| timezone1 | | demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[Kurmali language|Kudmali/Kurmali]], [[English language|English]] | ||
| utc_offset1 | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| postal_code_type | | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| postal_code | | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | ||
| area_code | | postal_code = 721505 (Gidhni)<br/>721503 (Chilkigarh) | ||
| registration_plate | | area_code = 03221 | ||
| blank1_name_sec1 | | registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-34 | ||
| blank1_info_sec1 | | blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy | ||
| blank2_name_sec1 | | blank1_info_sec1 = 72.63% | ||
| blank2_info_sec1 | | blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency | ||
| blank3_name_sec1 | | blank2_info_sec1 = [[Jhargram Lok Sabha constituency|Jhargram]] | ||
| blank3_info_sec1 | | blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency | ||
| website | | blank3_info_sec1 = [[Binpur Assembly constituency|Binpur]] | ||
| website = {{URL|jhargram.gov.in/}} | |||
[http://jamboniblock.in/ Jamboni Block] | [http://jamboniblock.in/ Jamboni Block] | ||
| footnotes | | footnotes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
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===Red corridor=== | ===Red corridor=== | ||
106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being a part of the [[Far-left politics| | 106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being a part of the [[Far-left politics|left wing extremism]] activities, constitutes the [[Red corridor]]. In West Bengal the districts of Pashim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there has been no reported incidents of [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoist]] related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/red-corridor-to-be-redrawn/article8894304.ece |title = Red Corridor to be redrawn |last = Singh|first= Vijayita | publisher= The Hindu, 25 July 2016 | access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref> In the period 2009-2011 LWE violence resulted in more than 500 deaths and a similar number missing in Paschim Medinipur district.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = May 2011. Page 271 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 31 July 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> | ||
The [[Operation Lalgarh|Lalgarh movement]], which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]], then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.<ref name=frontline>{{Cite news| url = http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2614/stories/20090717261412900.htm | title = Lalgarh Battle |magazine = Frontline|date= 17 July 2009 |access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of [[Central Reserve Police Force|CRPF]] and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011 state assembly elections]] and change of government in West Bengal. The death of [[Kishenji]], the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoist]] commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark.<ref name=frontline/><ref>{{Cite news| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kishenjis-death-a-serious-blow-to-maoist-movement/article2657105.ece| title = Kishenji’s death a serious blow to Maoist movement |newspaper = The Hindu|date= 25 November 2011|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> | The [[Operation Lalgarh|Lalgarh movement]], which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]], then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.<ref name=frontline>{{Cite news| url = http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2614/stories/20090717261412900.htm | title = Lalgarh Battle |magazine = Frontline|date= 17 July 2009 |access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of [[Central Reserve Police Force|CRPF]] and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011 state assembly elections]] and change of government in West Bengal. The death of [[Kishenji]], the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoist]] commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark.<ref name=frontline/><ref>{{Cite news| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kishenjis-death-a-serious-blow-to-maoist-movement/article2657105.ece| title = Kishenji’s death a serious blow to Maoist movement |newspaper = The Hindu|date= 25 November 2011|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> | ||
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Gidhni is located at {{coord|22.451|N|86.879|E|format=dms|}}. | Gidhni is located at {{coord|22.451|N|86.879|E|format=dms|}}. | ||
Jamboni CD block is bounded by [[Binpur II]] and [[Binpur I]] CD blocks in the north, [[Jhargram (community development block)|Jhargram]] CD block in the east, [[Gopiballavpur II]] CD Bblock in the south and Chakulia and Dhalbhumgarh CD blocks, in [[East Singhbhum district]] in Jharkhand, in the west. | Jamboni CD block is bounded by [[Binpur II]] and [[Binpur I]] CD blocks in the north, [[Jhargram (community development block)|Jhargram]] CD block in the east, [[Gopiballavpur II]] CD Bblock in the south and [[Chakulia block|Chakulia]] and [[Dhalbhumgarh block|Dhalbhumgarh]] CD blocks, in [[East Singhbhum district]] in Jharkhand, in the west. | ||
It is located | It is located 13 km to the west of [[Jhargram]] town, the district headquarters. | ||
Jamboni CD block has an area of 318.83 km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 10 [[gram panchayat]]s, 85 gram sansads (village councils), 338 [[mouza]]s and 281 inhabited villages. [[Jamboni#Police station|Jamboni]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 20 September 2020 }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at [[Gidhni]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur | work= Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 20 November 2016 }}</ref> | Jamboni CD block has an area of 318.83 km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 10 [[gram panchayat]]s, 85 gram sansads (village councils), 338 [[mouza]]s and 281 inhabited villages. [[Jamboni#Police station|Jamboni]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 20 September 2020 }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block is at [[Gidhni]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1918_PART_A_DCHB_PASCHIM%20MEDINIPUR.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur | work= Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 20 November 2016 }}</ref> | ||
Jamboni CD block had a forest cover of 7,640 hectares, against a total geographical area of 33,110 hectares in | Jamboni CD block had a forest cover of 7,640 hectares, against a total geographical area of 33,110 hectares in 2005–06.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> | ||
[[Gram panchayat]]s of Jamboni block/ panchayat samiti are: Chichra, [[Chilkigarh]], Dharsa, Dubra, [[Gidhni]], [[Jamboni]], [[Kapgari]], Kenddangri and Parihati.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref> | [[Gram panchayat]]s of Jamboni block/ panchayat samiti are: Chichra, [[Chilkigarh]], Dharsa, Dubra, [[Gidhni]], [[Jamboni]], [[Kapgari]], Kenddangri and Parihati.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 1 August 2016}}</ref> | ||
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===Literacy=== | ===Literacy=== | ||
According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Jamboni CD block was 72,348 (72.63% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 41,574 (82.04% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 30,774 (62.88% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 19.15%.<ref name=census2011/> | According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Jamboni CD block was 72,348 (72.63% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 41,574 (82.04% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 30,774 (62.88% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 19.15%.<ref name=census2011/> | ||
See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]] | See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]] | ||
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===Language and religion=== | ===Language and religion=== | ||
{{bar box | {{bar box | ||
|title=Religion in Jamboni CD block | |title=Religion in Jamboni CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/> | ||
|titlebar=# | |titlebar=#FCD116 | ||
|left1= | |left1= | ||
|float= | |float=left | ||
|bars= | |bars= | ||
{{bar percent|[[ | {{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|77.70}} | ||
{{bar percent|[[ | {{bar percent|Other <small>(tribal religion)</small>|maroon|15.15}} | ||
{{bar percent| | {{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|6.78}} | ||
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.37}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 87,957 and formed 77.70% of the population in Jamboni CD block. Muslims numbered 7,677 and formed 6.78% of the population. Others numbered 17,563 and formed 15.52% of the population.<ref name= | |||
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 87,957 and formed 77.70% of the population in Jamboni CD block. Muslims numbered 7,677 and formed 6.78% of the population. Others numbered 17,563 and formed 15.52% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html |title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 29 July 2016}}</ref> Christian and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 67.56%, Muslims 6.31% and tribal religions 25.91% of the population respectively.<ref name=censusreligion2001>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21481/download/24613/PC01_C01_19.xls|title = Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal |publisher = [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]] |date=2001}}</ref> | |||
{{Pie chart | |||
|caption = Languages of Jamboni CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/> | |||
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 75.86 |color1 = orchid | |||
|label2 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value2 = 21.88 |color2 = darkturquoise | |||
|label3 = [[Hindi]] |value3 = 1.52 |color3 = orange | |||
|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.74 |color4 = grey | |||
}} | |||
At the time of the 2011 census, 75.86% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 21.88% [[Santali language|Santali]] and 1.52% [[Hindi]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> | |||
==BPL families== | ==BPL families== | ||
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283 or 84% of mouzas in Jamboni CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 20 September 2020}}</ref> | 283 or 84% of mouzas in Jamboni CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur | work = Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 20 September 2020}}</ref> | ||
284 mouzas in Jamboni CD block had drinking water facilities in | 284 mouzas in Jamboni CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013–14. There were 31 fertiliser depots, 3 seed stores and 40 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/> | ||
===Agriculture=== | ===Agriculture=== | ||
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|label5= Agricultural labourers}} | |label5= Agricultural labourers}} | ||
Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In | Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Jamboni CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 4.69%, patta (document) holders 36.57%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.34%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 14.15% and agricultural labourers 42.26%.<ref name=handbook2014/> | ||
In 2005-06 net cropped area in Jamboni CD block was 20,450 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 10,843 hectares.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> | In 2005-06 net cropped area in Jamboni CD block was 20,450 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 10,843 hectares.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur | work = Table 2.4, Page 28 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> | ||
The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead}}</ref> In | The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead}}</ref> In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Jamboni CD block was 4,140 hectares, out of which 900 hectares was by canal water, 240 hectares by tank water, 20 hectares by deep tubewells, 1,850 hectares by shallow tube wells, 450 hectares by river lift irrigation, 30 hectares by open dug wells and 650 hectares by other methods.<ref name=handbook2014/> | ||
In | In 2013–14, Jamboni CD block produced 28,941 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 14,703 hectares, 3,221 tonnes of Boro paddy (summer crop) from 1,106 hectares, 183 tonnes of wheat from 67 hectares and 20,749 tonnes of potatoes from 745 hectares. It also produced mustard and til.<ref name=handbook2014/> | ||
===Banking=== | ===Banking=== | ||
In | In 2013–14, Jamboni CD block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 2 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/> | ||
==Transport== | ==Transport== | ||
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==Education== | ==Education== | ||
In | In 2013–14, Jamboni CD block had 114 primary schools with 7.947 students, 17 middle schools with 801 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 11,375 students. Jamboni CD block had 1 general college with 670 students, 1 technical/ professional institution with 50 students and 272 institutions for special and non-formal education with 6,992 students.<ref name=handbook2014/> | ||
The [[United Nations Development Programme]] considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Jamboni CD block out of the total 113 primary schools in | The [[United Nations Development Programme]] considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Jamboni CD block out of the total 113 primary schools in 2008–2009, 89 had pucca buildings, 3 partially pucca, 4 kucha and 17 multiple type.<ref name=humandev2>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | title = District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur | work = May 2011. Page: 60 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 31 July 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170329040941/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Paschim%20Medinipur.pdf | archive-date = 29 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> | ||
[[Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya]] at [[Kapgari]] was established in 1964 and is affiliated to [[Vidyasagar University]]. It offers honours courses in Bengali, Santali, English, history, philosophy, geography, mathematics, chemistry (proposed), anthropology and accountancy.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/SevaBharatiMahavidyalaya/Seva_Bharati_Mahavidyalaya.shtml |title = Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya |publisher= College Admission | [[Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya]] at [[Kapgari]] was established in 1964 and is affiliated to [[Vidyasagar University]]. It offers honours courses in Bengali, Santali, English, history, philosophy, geography, mathematics, chemistry (proposed), anthropology and accountancy.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/SevaBharatiMahavidyalaya/Seva_Bharati_Mahavidyalaya.shtml | title = Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya | publisher = College Admission | access-date = 28 October 2016 | archive-date = 3 December 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161203101359/http://www.collegeadmission.in/SevaBharatiMahavidyalaya/Seva_Bharati_Mahavidyalaya.shtml | url-status = dead }}</ref> | ||
==Healthcare== | ==Healthcare== | ||
In 2014, Jamboni CD block had 1 block primary health centre and 2 primary health centres with total 31 beds and 5 doctors. It had 25 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 3,106 patients were treated indoor and 80,593 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/> | In 2014, Jamboni CD block had 1 block primary health centre and 2 primary health centres with total 31 beds and 5 doctors. It had 25 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 3,106 patients were treated indoor and 80,593 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/> | ||
Chilkigarh Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds at [[Chilkigarh]], is the major government medical facility in the Jamboni CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at: Chinchira (with 10 beds), and Kapgari (with 6 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = | Chilkigarh Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds at [[Chilkigarh]], is the major government medical facility in the Jamboni CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at: Chinchira (with 10 beds), and Kapgari (with 6 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres | publisher =Government of West Bengal | access-date =1 September 2020 | archive-date =16 August 2020 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20200816074737/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 1 September 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 180: | Line 186: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* {{Wikivoyage | * {{Wikivoyage inline|Jhargram}} | ||
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}} | {{Municipalities of West Bengal}} | ||
Latest revision as of 07:35, 10 August 2025
Jamboni | |
|---|---|
Community development block | |
.svg) | |
| Coordinates: 22°27′04″N 86°52′44″E / 22.451°N 86.879°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | Jhargram |
| Government | |
| • Type | Federal democracy |
| Area | |
| • Total | 318.83 km2 (123.10 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 79 m (259 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 113,197 |
| • Density | 360/km2 (920/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali, Santali, Kudmali/Kurmali, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 721505 (Gidhni) 721503 (Chilkigarh) |
| Area code | 03221 |
| Vehicle registration | WB-34 |
| Literacy | 72.63% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Jhargram |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Binpur |
| Website | jhargram |
Jamboni (also spelled Jambani) is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Jhargram subdivision of Jhargram district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
History[edit | edit source]
Red corridor[edit | edit source]
106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being a part of the left wing extremism activities, constitutes the Red corridor. In West Bengal the districts of Pashim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there has been no reported incidents of Maoist related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years.[1] In the period 2009-2011 LWE violence resulted in more than 500 deaths and a similar number missing in Paschim Medinipur district.[2]
The Lalgarh movement, which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.[3] The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists, and others active in different political parties, were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of CRPF and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the 2011 state assembly elections and change of government in West Bengal. The death of Kishenji, the Maoist commander, on 24 November 2011 was the last major landmark.[3][4]
From 2009 Maoist violence had rapidly spread across eleven western CD blocks of the district: Binpur I, Binpur II, Salboni, Grahbeta II, Jamboni, Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Gopiballavpur I, Gopiballavpur II, Sankrail and Nayagram.[5]
Geography[edit | edit source]
The Chota Nagpur Plateau gradually slopes down creating an undulating area with infertile laterite rocks/ soil. In Jamboni CD block 85% of the cultivated area has lateritic soil and 15% has alluvial soil. Jamboni CD block is drought prone with a particularly severe drought situation.[6]
Gidhni is located at 22°27′04″N 86°52′44″E / 22.451°N 86.879°E.
Jamboni CD block is bounded by Binpur II and Binpur I CD blocks in the north, Jhargram CD block in the east, Gopiballavpur II CD Bblock in the south and Chakulia and Dhalbhumgarh CD blocks, in East Singhbhum district in Jharkhand, in the west.
It is located 13 km to the west of Jhargram town, the district headquarters.
Jamboni CD block has an area of 318.83 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 10 gram panchayats, 85 gram sansads (village councils), 338 mouzas and 281 inhabited villages. Jamboni police station serves this block.[7] Headquarters of this CD block is at Gidhni.[8]
Jamboni CD block had a forest cover of 7,640 hectares, against a total geographical area of 33,110 hectares in 2005–06.[9]
Gram panchayats of Jamboni block/ panchayat samiti are: Chichra, Chilkigarh, Dharsa, Dubra, Gidhni, Jamboni, Kapgari, Kenddangri and Parihati.[10]
Demographics[edit | edit source]
Population[edit | edit source]
According to the 2011 Census of India, Jamboni CD block had a total population of 113,197, all of which were rural. There were 57,607 (51%) males and 55,590 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 13,582. Scheduled Castes numbered 20,484 (18.10%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 32,369 (28.60%).[11]
According to 2001 census, Jamboni block had a total population of 101,715, out of which 51,868 were males and 49,847 were females. Jamboni block registered a population growth of 12.83 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent.[12] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.45 per cent.[13]
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Jamboni CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Parihati (4,312).[11]
Other villages in Jamboni CD block included (2011 census figures in brackets): Jamboni (886), Gidhni (1,935), Chilkigarh (1,553), Kapgari (1,225) and Chichra (3,116).[11]
Literacy[edit | edit source]
According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Jamboni CD block was 72,348 (72.63% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 41,574 (82.04% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 30,774 (62.88% of the female population over 6 years). The gender gap in literacy rates was 19.15%.[11]
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
Template:Literacy in CD Blocks of Paschim Medinipur district
Language and religion[edit | edit source]
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 87,957 and formed 77.70% of the population in Jamboni CD block. Muslims numbered 7,677 and formed 6.78% of the population. Others numbered 17,563 and formed 15.52% of the population.[14] Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,[15] Christian and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 67.56%, Muslims 6.31% and tribal religions 25.91% of the population respectively.[16]
At the time of the 2011 census, 75.86% of the population spoke Bengali, 21.88% Santali and 1.52% Hindi as their first language.[17]
BPL families[edit | edit source]
In Jamboni CD block 67.11% families were living below poverty line in 2007.[18]
According to the District Human Development Report of Paschim Medinipur: The 29 CD blocks of the district were classified into four categories based on the poverty ratio. Nayagram, Binpur II and Jamboni CD blocks have very high poverty levels (above 60%). Kharagpur I, Kharagpur II, Sankrail, Garhbeta II, Pingla and Mohanpur CD blocks have high levels of poverty (50-60%), Jhargram, Midnapore Sadar, Dantan I, Gopiballavpur II, Binpur I, Dantan II, Keshiari, Chandrakona I, Gopiballavpur I, Chandrakona II, Narayangarh, Keshpur, Ghatal, Sabang, Garhbeta I, Salboni, Debra and Garhbeta III CD blocks have moderate levels of poverty (25-50%) and Daspur II and Daspur I CD blocks have low levels of poverty (below 25%).[18]
Economy[edit | edit source]
Infrastructure[edit | edit source]
283 or 84% of mouzas in Jamboni CD block were electrified by 31 March 2014.[19]
284 mouzas in Jamboni CD block had drinking water facilities in 2013–14. There were 31 fertiliser depots, 3 seed stores and 40 fair price shops in the CD block.[19]
Agriculture[edit | edit source]
Persons engaged in agriculture
in Jamboni CD block
Bargadars (4.69%)
Patta holders (36.57%)
Small farmers (2.34%)
Marginal farmers (14.15%)
Agricultural labourers (42.26%)
Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of bargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not fully implemented. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.[20] Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Jamboni CD block could be classified as follows: bargadars 4.69%, patta (document) holders 36.57%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.34%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 14.15% and agricultural labourers 42.26%.[19]
In 2005-06 net cropped area in Jamboni CD block was 20,450 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 10,843 hectares.[21]
The extension of irrigation has played a role in growth of the predominantly agricultural economy.[22] In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Jamboni CD block was 4,140 hectares, out of which 900 hectares was by canal water, 240 hectares by tank water, 20 hectares by deep tubewells, 1,850 hectares by shallow tube wells, 450 hectares by river lift irrigation, 30 hectares by open dug wells and 650 hectares by other methods.[19]
In 2013–14, Jamboni CD block produced 28,941 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 14,703 hectares, 3,221 tonnes of Boro paddy (summer crop) from 1,106 hectares, 183 tonnes of wheat from 67 hectares and 20,749 tonnes of potatoes from 745 hectares. It also produced mustard and til.[19]
Banking[edit | edit source]
In 2013–14, Jamboni CD block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.[19]
Transport[edit | edit source]
Jamboni CD block has 16 originating/ terminating bus routes.[19]
The Kharagpur-Tatanagar line of South Eastern Railway passes through this CD block and there is a station at Gidhni,[23]
State Highway 9 running from Durgapur (in Paschim Bardhaman district) to Nayagram (in Jhargram district) passes through this CD block.[24]
Education[edit | edit source]
In 2013–14, Jamboni CD block had 114 primary schools with 7.947 students, 17 middle schools with 801 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 11,375 students. Jamboni CD block had 1 general college with 670 students, 1 technical/ professional institution with 50 students and 272 institutions for special and non-formal education with 6,992 students.[19]
The United Nations Development Programme considers the combined primary and secondary enrolment ratio as the simple indicator of educational achievement of the children in the school going age. The infrastructure available is important. In Jamboni CD block out of the total 113 primary schools in 2008–2009, 89 had pucca buildings, 3 partially pucca, 4 kucha and 17 multiple type.[25]
Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya at Kapgari was established in 1964 and is affiliated to Vidyasagar University. It offers honours courses in Bengali, Santali, English, history, philosophy, geography, mathematics, chemistry (proposed), anthropology and accountancy.[26]
Healthcare[edit | edit source]
In 2014, Jamboni CD block had 1 block primary health centre and 2 primary health centres with total 31 beds and 5 doctors. It had 25 family welfare sub centres and 1 family welfare centre. 3,106 patients were treated indoor and 80,593 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.[19]
Chilkigarh Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds at Chilkigarh, is the major government medical facility in the Jamboni CD block. There are primary health centres at: Chinchira (with 10 beds), and Kapgari (with 6 beds).[27][28]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Singh, Vijayita. "Red Corridor to be redrawn". The Hindu, 25 July 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Page 271. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Lalgarh Battle". Frontline. 17 July 2009. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ↑ "Kishenji's death a serious blow to Maoist movement". The Hindu. 25 November 2011. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Page 271. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). page 4 (About Paschim Medinipur), page 26 (Predominant Soil), pages 265- 268 (Identification of Flood prone areas, Names of drought prone blocks). Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur". Tables 2.1, 2.2. Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
- ↑ "District Census Handbook: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Map of Paschim Medinipur with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Table 2.4, Page 28. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ↑ "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 "CD block wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
- ↑ "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, (erstwhile) Medinipur District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
- ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ↑ "ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
- ↑ "Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal". Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2001.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Page 177. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 19.8 "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Paschim Medinipur". Tables 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report, Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Table 2.4, Page 28. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). Chapter V: Economic Livelihoods, pages 129-131. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
- ↑ "58021 Kharagpur-Tatanagar Passenger". Time Table. indiarailinfo. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ↑ "List of State Highways in West Bengal". West Bengal Traffic Police. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
- ↑ "District Human Development Report: Paschim Medinipur" (PDF). May 2011. Page: 60. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
- ↑ "Seva Bharati Mahavidyalaya". College Admission. Archived from the original on 3 December 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
- ↑ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 August 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
- ↑ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2020.