Shibu Soren: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Indian politician and former chief minister of Jharkhand}}
{{Short description|Indian politician (1944–2025)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
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| image              = Shibu Soren.jpg
| image              = Shibu Soren.jpg
| caption            = Soren in 2006
| caption            = Soren in 2006
| office1            = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| office1            = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| term_start1        = 22 June 2020
| term_start1        = 22 June 2020
| term_end1          =  
| term_end1          = 4 August 2025
| predecessor1        = [[Prem Chand Gupta]]
| predecessor1        = [[Prem Chand Gupta]]
| constituency1      = [[Jharkhand]]
| constituency1      = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Jharkhand|Jharkhand]]  
| office2            = 3rd [[List of Chief Ministers of Jharkhand|Chief Minister of Jharkhand]]
| term_start2        = 10 April 2002
| term_start2        = 30 December 2009
| term_end2          = 2 June 2002
| term_end2          = 31 May 2010
| constituency2      = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Jharkhand|Jharkhand]]
| governor2          = [[K. Sankaranarayanan]]<br>[[M. O. H. Farook]]
| term_start3        = 8 July 1998
| deputy2            = [[Raghubar Das]]<br>[[Sudesh Mahto]]
| term_end3          = 18 July 2001
| predecessor2        = [[President's rule]]
| constituency3      = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Jharkhand|Jharkhand]]
| successor2          = [[President's rule]]
| office4             = 3rd [[List of Chief Ministers of Jharkhand|Chief Minister of Jharkhand]]
| term_start3        = 27 August 2008
| governor4          = {{ubl|[[K. Sankaranarayanan]]|[[M. O. H. Farook]]}}
| term_end3          = 18 January 2009
| term_start4        = 30 December 2009
| governor3          = [[Syed Sibtey Razi]]
| term_end4          = 31 May 2010
| deputy3             = [[Stephen Marandi]]
| predecessor4        = [[President's rule]]
| predecessor3        = [[Madhu Koda]]
| successor4          = [[President's rule]]
| successor3          = [[President's rule]]
| governor5          = [[Syed Sibtey Razi]]
| term_start4        = 2 March 2005
| term_start5        = 27 August 2008
| term_end4          = 12 March 2005
| term_end5          = 18 January 2009
| governor4          = [[Syed Sibtey Razi]]
| predecessor5        = [[Madhu Koda]]
| predecessor4        = [[Arjun Munda]]
| successor5          = [[President's rule]]
| successor4          = [[Arjun Munda]]
| governor6          = [[Syed Sibtey Razi]]
| office5            = [[Ministry of Coal|Minister of Coal]]
| term_start6        = 2 March 2005
| primeminister5      = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| term_end6          = 12 March 2005
| term_start5        = 29 January 2006
| predecessor6        = [[Arjun Munda]]
| term_end5          = 28 November 2006
| successor6          = [[Arjun Munda]]
| predecessor5        = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| office7            = [[Ministry of Coal|Union Minister of Coal]]
| successor5          = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| primeminister6      = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| term_start6        = 27 November 2004
| term_end6          = 2 March 2005
| predecessor6        = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| successor6          = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| primeminister7      = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| primeminister7      = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| term_start7        = 23 May 2004
| term_start7         = 29 January 2006
| term_end7           = 24 July 2004
| term_end7          = 28 November 2006
| predecessor7       = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
| predecessor7        = Manmohan Singh
| successor7         = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| successor7          = Manmohan Singh
| office8             = [[Member of Parliament|Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| term_start8        = 27 November 2004
| term_start8         = 2002
| term_end8          = 2 March 2005
| term_end8           = 2019
| predecessor8        = Manmohan Singh
| predecessor8       = [[Babulal Marandi]]
| successor8          = Manmohan Singh
| successor8         = [[Sunil Soren]]
| primeminister8      = Manmohan Singh
| constituency8       = [[Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
| term_start9         = 23 May 2004
| term_start9         = 1989
| term_end9           = 24 July 2004
| term_end9           = 1998
| primeminister9      = Manmohan Singh
| predecessor9       = [[Prithvi Chand Kisku]]
| predecessor9       = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
| successor9         = [[Babulal Marandi]]
| successor9         = Manmohan Singh
| constituency9       = [[Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
| office10             = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| term_start10       = 1980
| term_start10         = 2002
| term_end10         = 1984
| term_end10           = 2019
| predecessor10       = [[Babulal Marandi]]
| predecessor10       = [[Babulal Marandi]]
| successor10         = [[Prithvi Chand Kisku]]
| successor10         = [[Sunil Soren]]
| constituency10     = [[Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
| constituency10       = [[Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dumka, Jharkhand]]
| birth_date          = {{Birth date and age|1944|1|11|df=y}}
| term_start11         = 1989
| birth_place        = [[Ramgarh district|Ramgarh]], [[Bihar Province|Bihar]], [[British India]] (Now in [[Jharkhand]], [[India]])
| term_end11           = 1998
| residence          = [[Bokaro Steel City|Bokaro]]
| predecessor12       = [[Prithvi Chand Kisku]]
| party              = [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|JMM]]
| successor12         = [[Babulal Marandi]]
| spouse              = [[Roopi Soren]]
| constituency12       = [[Dumka Lok Sabha constituency|Dumka, Jharkhand]]
| children            = {{unbulleted list|[[Durga Soren]]|[[Hemant Soren]]|[[Basant Soren]]|[[Anjali Soren]]}}
| term_start13       = 1980
| footnotes          =  
| term_end13         = 1984
| predecessor13       = [[Babulal Marandi]]
| successor13         = [[Prithvi Chand Kisku]]
| constituency13     = [[Dumka Lok Sabha constituency|Dumka, Jharkhand]]
| office14            = [[President (corporate title)|President]] of [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
| term_start14        =  1987
| predecessor14      = [[Binod Bihari Mahato]]
| successor14        = [[Hemant Soren]]
| term_end14          = 15 April 2025
| birth_date          = {{Birth date|1944|01|11|df=y}}
| birth_place        = Nemra, Bihar Province, British India (present-day [[Jharkhand]], India)
| death_date          = {{Death date and age|2025|08|04|1944|01|11|df=y}}
| death_place        = [[Delhi]], India
| residence          = [[New Delhi|1, Motilal Nehru Marg, New Delhi]], India
| party              = [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
| spouse              = {{marriage|Roopi Soren|1962}}
| children            = {{hlist|[[Durga Soren|Durga]]|[[Hemant Soren|Hemant]]|[[Basant Soren|Basant]]|Anjali}}
| occupation          = {{hlist|Agriculturist|politician}}
| date                = 25 September|
| date                = 25 September|
| year                = 2006|
| year                = 2006|
| source              = https://web.archive.org/web/20060619230325/http://164.100.24.208/ls/lsmember/biodata.asp?mpsno=2917
| source              = https://web.archive.org/web/20060619230325/http://164.100.24.208/ls/lsmember/biodata.asp?mpsno=2917
| nickname            = "Dishom Guru"<ref name="ndtvaugust2025">{{cite news |last1=Bose |first1=Saikat Kumar |title='Dishom Guru' Shibu Soren Dies At 81, Son Hemant Says "Lost Everything" |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/shibu-soren-former-jharkhand-chief-minister-dies-at-81-9013698 |access-date=4 August 2025 |work=www.ndtv.com |date=4 August 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
| native_name_lang    = sat
| native_name        = ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ
}}
}}


'''Shibu Soren''' (born 11 January 1944) is an Indian politician who thrice served as [[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]], first in 2005 for 10 days (2 March to 12 March), then from 2008 to 2009 and again from 2009 to 2010.<ref>{{cite web|publisher = Rediff|url = http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/aug/27jhar.htm|title = Shibu Soren sworn in as Jharkhand CM|access-date = 30 December 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher = IndianKanoon|url = http://indiankanoon.org/doc/782555/|title = Shibu Soren vs Cbi on 10 March, 1999|access-date = 10 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-11-28/india/27801788_1_ajay-kumar-mehta-shailendra-bhattacharya-shashi-nath-jha|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131105105051/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-11-28/india/27801788_1_ajay-kumar-mehta-shailendra-bhattacharya-shashi-nath-jha|url-status = dead|archive-date = 5 November 2013|work = [[The Times of India]]|title = Shibu Soren, four others convicted in murder case|access-date = 28 November 2006}}</ref> He was sworn in as the third [[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]] on 30 December 2009 after winning the Jharkhand Assembly elections.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/aug/29soren.htm|title = Jharkhand CM Shibu Soren wins trust vote|access-date = 2008-08-29}}</ref> He resigned on 30 May 2010 after failing to obtain coalition support from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], his national party partner.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/31/stories/2010053158860100.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100601212527/http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/31/stories/2010053158860100.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=1 June 2010 | location=Chennai, India | work=[[The Hindu]] | title=Shibu Soren resigns; trust vote today | date=31 May 2010}}</ref> He previously represented the [[Dumka (Lok Sabha Constituency)|Dumka]] constituency of Jharkhand in the [[14th Lok Sabha]], and is the President of the [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] (JMM) political party, a constituent of the [[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]].
'''Shibu Soren''' ({{IPA|hi|ʃɪbuː soːɾeːn̪}}; 11 January 1944 – 4 August 2025), popularly known as the '''Dishom Guru''', was an Indian social reformer and politician who was a founder and longtime president of the [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] (JMM).<ref name="thehindu2025">{{cite news | last=Bhelari | first=Amit | title=Shibu Soren: From a social reformer to an iconic tribal leader | website=[[The Hindu]] | date=4 August 2025 | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/jharkhand/shibu-soren-from-a-social-reformer-to-an-iconic-tribal-leader/article69892637.ece | access-date=12 October 2025}}</ref> He played a crucial role in the formation of the separate state of Jharkhand from [[Bihar]]<ref>
* {{cite news | last=Bhelari | first=Amit | title=Shibu Soren: From a social reformer to an iconic tribal leader | website=[[The Hindu]] | date=4 August 2025 | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/jharkhand/shibu-soren-from-a-social-reformer-to-an-iconic-tribal-leader/article69892637.ece | access-date=12 October 2025|quote=He played a crucial role in the creation of the separate state of Jharkhand, turning a long-standing dream into reality.}}
* {{cite news | last=Pathak | first=Vikas | title=Pivotal figure in Jharkhand movement, Shibu Soren had a storied career with fleeting stints in power | website=[[The Indian Express]] | date=5 August 2025 | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/pivotal-figure-jharkhand-movement-shibu-soren-storied-career-fleeting-stints-in-power-10168642/ | access-date=12 October 2025|quote=He had only brief stints in office as Union minister and Chief Minister because of recurrent legal troubles and coalition frictions, but Shibu Soren the politician left an indelible mark on the politics of Jharkhand as a key figure of the decades-long statehood movement that ultimately led to the carving out of the state from Bihar in 2000.}}
* {{cite web | last=D'Souza | first=Shanthie Mariet | title=Shibu Soren| website=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]] | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shibu-Soren | quote=The Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) movement was formed in 1973 by Soren and others, with its main objective being the creation of a separate Jharkhand state out of the eastern and southern portions of the existing Bihar state. That goal was achieved in 2000. Soren successfully expanded the political base of the JMM by soliciting the support of industrial and mine workers and of the region’s minority peoples. He became the president of the JMM in 1987.}}</ref> and later served as the 3rd [[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]], first for 10 days in March 2005, then from 2008 to 2009, and again from 2009 to 2010.  


On 9 January 2009, Soren was defeated in the by-election for the Tamar assembly constituency by political novice Gopal Krishan Patar, alias Raja Peter, of the Jharkhand Party by a margin of over 9,000 votes. Sooner he contested another bye polls after the rebel BJP MLA [[Bishnu Prasad Bhaiya]] resigned from his seat in his favour and soren won the bye election from that Jamtara constituency. But the Government could not lasts longer. In 2009 After the Assembly elections Soren once again formed the Government along with the BJP, and was sworn in as Chief Minister of Jharkhand on 30 December 2009.
Soren was a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]] from [[Dumka]] from 1980 to 1984, 1989 to 1998, and 2002 to 2019. He was also a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], representing [[Jharkhand]] from 2020 until his death in 2025. He also served as the Minister for Coal in the [[Union Cabinet]] three times: in 2004, from 2004 to 2005, and in 2006. However, he was convicted by a Delhi district court of his involvement in the 1994 murder of his private secretary, Shashi Nath Jha.<ref name="rediff">
 
He was the Minister for Coal in the [[Union Cabinet]] in November 2006, when a Delhi district court found him guilty in the murder of his private secretary Shashi Nath Jha in 1994.<ref name=rediff>
{{cite news
{{cite news
  | title = Shibu Soren guilty in murder case, quits cabinet
  | title = Shibu Soren guilty in murder case, quits cabinet
Line 84: Line 99:
  | date = 28 November 2006
  | date = 28 November 2006
  | access-date = 2007-05-12
  | access-date = 2007-05-12
}}</ref> He has also been indicted in the past on other criminal charges.
}}</ref> He had also been indicted in the past on other criminal charges.
 
==Political career==
Soren entered activism following the murder of his father, Shobaran Soren, on {{date|27 November 1957}}. His father was a teacher and tribal activist who worked on tribal land rights issues.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-11-28 |title=Sobaran Soren assassinated for agitation against moneylenders |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/sobaran-soren-assassinated-for-agitation-against-moneylenders/articleshow/87954733.cms |access-date=2025-10-01 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> At the age of eighteen, Soren founded the Santhal Navyuvak Sangh.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/shibu-soren-sworn-in-as-jharkhand-chief-minister/articleshow/5394522.cms|title=Shibu Soren sworn in as Jharkhand Chief Minister|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=30 December 2009 }}</ref> In 1972, Bengali Marxist trade union leader [[A. K. Roy]], Kurmi-Mahato leader [[Binod Bihari Mahato]] and Santal leader Shibu Soren formed [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]. Soren became the general secretary of JMM. JMM organised agitations to reclaim the tribal lands which were alienated. They started forcibly harvesting in the lands. Shibu Soren was known for delivering summary justice against landlords and money lenders, sometimes by holding own courts.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abENAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA75|title=Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins|isbn=9781849042291|last1=Tillin|first1=Louise|date=October 2013|publisher=Hurst Publishers }}</ref> On 23 January 1975, he allegedly incited a campaign to drive away "outsiders", or the 'non-tribal' people. At least eleven people were killed. Soren and numerous others were charged with various crimes related to this incident. After extended legal proceedings, Soren was acquitted on 6 March 2008.<ref>[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/soren-acquitted-in-chirudih-massacre-case_10024753.html Soren acquitted in Chirudih massacre case] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008192733/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/soren-acquitted-in-chirudih-massacre-case_10024753.html |date=8 October 2012 }} Thaindian News. 6 March 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2010.</ref> However, possibly related incitement charges—dating from two earlier deaths in 1974—remain pending.<ref>[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/verdict-in-murder-case-involving-soren-june-15_100374265.html Verdict in murder case involving Soren 15 June] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008192748/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/verdict-in-murder-case-involving-soren-june-15_100374265.html |date=8 October 2012 }} Thaindian News. 3 June 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20130126095307/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Verdict-in-murder-case-involving-Soren-June-15/H1-Article1-552529.aspx Verdict in murder case involving Soren on 15 June] ''Hindustan Times'' 3 June 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.</ref>
 
He entered to electoral politics as an Independent candidate to the Bihar assembly elections in 1977 but lost to Janata Party candidate.{{cn|date=August 2025}} Then, he was first elected to the Lok Sabha in 1980 from Dumka.{{cn|date=August 2025}} An arrest warrant was issued against him. He was subsequently elected to the Lok Sabha in 1989, 1991 and 1996 as well.{{cn|date=August 2025}}


==Life==
In 2002, he was elected to the [[Rajya Sabha]].{{cn|date=August 2025}} He won the [[Dumka]] Lok Sabha seat in a by-election the same year and resigned his Rajya Sabha seat. He was re-elected in 2004.{{cn|date=August 2025}}
Soren was born in Nemra village of [[Ramgarh district]], in what was, at the time, [[Bihar]] [[States and territories of India|state]], India. He belongs to [[Santal]] tribe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shibu-Soren|title=Shibu Soren|website=britannica}}</ref> He completed his schooling in the same district. During his schooling his father was murdered by thugs employed by money lenders.


At the age of 18, he formed the Santhal Navyuvak Sangh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/shibu-soren-sworn-in-as-jharkhand-chief-minister/articleshow/5394522.cms|title=Shibu Soren sworn in as Jharkhand Chief Minister|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref>
[[File:The President Dr. A.P. J. Abdul Kalam administering the oath as Cabinet Minister to Shri Shibu Soren at a Swearing-in Ceremony in New Delhi on May 22, 2004.jpg|thumb|[[President of India|PoI]] [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]] administering oath to Soren as Union Cabinet Minister on 22 May 2004]]
In 1972, Bengali Maxist trade union leader [[A. K. Roy]], Kurmi-Mahato leader [[Binod Bihari Mahato]] and Santal leader Shibu Soren formed [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]. Soren became the general secretary of JMM. JMM organised agitations to reclaim the tribal lands which were alienated. They started forcibly harvesting in the lands. Shibu Soren was known for delivering summary justice against landlords and money lenders, sometimes by holding own courts.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abENAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA75|title=Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins|isbn=9781849042291|last1=Tillin|first1=Louise|date=October 2013}}</ref> On 23 January 1975, he allegedly incited a campaign to drive away "outsiders", or the 'non-tribal' people. At least eleven people were killed. Soren and numerous others were charged with various crimes related to this incident. After extended legal proceedings, Soren was acquitted on 6 March 2008.<ref>[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/soren-acquitted-in-chirudih-massacre-case_10024753.html Soren acquitted in Chirudih massacre case] Thaindian News. 6 March 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2010.</ref> However, possibly related incitement charges—dating from two earlier deaths in 1974—remain pending.<ref>[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/verdict-in-murder-case-involving-soren-june-15_100374265.html Verdict in murder case involving Soren 15 June] Thaindian News. 3 June 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20130126095307/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Verdict-in-murder-case-involving-Soren-June-15/H1-Article1-552529.aspx Verdict in murder case involving Soren on 15 June] ''Hindustan Times'' 3 June 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.</ref>


He lost his first [[Lok Sabha]] election in 1977. He was first elected to the Lok Sabha in 1980 from Dumka. An arrest warrant was issued against him. He was subsequently elected to the Lok Sabha in 1989, 1991 and 1996 as well. In 2002, he was elected to the [[Rajya Sabha]]. He won the [[Dumka]] Lok Sabha seat in a by-election the same year and resigned his Rajya Sabha seat. He was re-elected in 2004.
He became the Union Coal Minister in the [[Manmohan Singh]] government, but was asked to resign following an arrest warrant in his name in the thirty-year-old Chirudih case. He was one of the main accused amongst 69, with allegations to kill 10 people (including 9 Muslims) on 23 January 1975, in a clash between tribals and Muslims.<ref>{{Cite web|title = 1975 Chirudih massacre: Past catches up with Shibu Soren, arrest warrant issued|url = http://m.indiatoday.in/story/court-declares-shibu-soren-absconder-in-1975-chirudih-massacre-case/1/195758.html|website = m.indiatoday.in| date=2 August 2004 |access-date = 2015-12-01}}</ref> After the warrant was issued, he initially went underground. He resigned on 24 July 2004. He was able to secure bail after spending over a month in judicial custody; released on bail on 8 September, he was re-inducted into the Union Cabinet and given back the coal ministry on 27 November 2004, as part of a deal for a Congress-JMM alliance before assembly elections in [[Jharkhand]] in February/March 2005.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20041204122323/http://www.hindu.com/2004/11/28/stories/2004112808950100.htm Soren back in Union Cabinet] ''[[The Hindu]]''. 28 November 2004. Retrieved 22 August 2007.</ref>


He became the Union Coal Minister in the [[Manmohan Singh]] government, but was asked to resign following an arrest warrant in his name in the thirty-year-old Chirudih case. He was one of the main accused amongst 69, with allegations to kill 10 people (including 9 Muslims) on 23 January 1975, in a clash between tribals and Muslims.<ref>{{Cite web|title = 1975 Chirudih massacre: Past catches up with Shibu Soren, arrest warrant issued|url = http://m.indiatoday.in/story/court-declares-shibu-soren-absconder-in-1975-chirudih-massacre-case/1/195758.html|website = m.indiatoday.in|access-date = 2015-12-01}}</ref> After the warrant was issued, he initially went underground. He resigned on 24 July 2004. He was able to secure bail after spending over a month in judicial custody; released on bail on 8 September, he was re-inducted into the Union Cabinet and given back the coal ministry on 27 November 2004, as part of a deal for a Congress-JMM alliance before assembly elections in [[Jharkhand]] in February/March 2005.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20041204122323/http://www.hindu.com/2004/11/28/stories/2004112808950100.htm Soren back in Union Cabinet] ''[[The Hindu]]''. 28 November 2004. Retrieved 22 August 2007.</ref>
== Chief Minister of Jharkhand (2005–2010) ==
On 2 March 2005, after much political bargaining and quid pro quo he was invited to form the government in [[Jharkhand]] by the Governor of Jharkhand.{{cn|date=August 2025}} He resigned as Chief Minister nine days later, on 11 March, following his failure to obtain a [[vote of confidence]] in the assembly.{{cn|date=August 2025}}
===Later career===
In the [[Results of the 2019 Indian general election|2019 Lok Sabha elections]], he lost to Sunil Soren of the BJP from [[Dumka Lok Sabha constituency|Dumka constituency]].<ref>{{cite news | title=Former Jharkhand CM Shibu Soren loses from Dumka | website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] | date=23 May 2019 | url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/230519/former-jharkhand-cm-shibu-soren-from-dumka.html | access-date=12 October 2025}}</ref> He didn't contest 2024 Indian Lok Sabha elections.


On 2 March 2005, after much political bargaining and quid pro quo he was invited to form the government in [[Jharkhand]] by the Governor of Jharkhand. He resigned as Chief Minister nine days later, on 11 March, following his failure to obtain a [[vote of confidence]] in the assembly. In 2019 Lok Sabha Elections he lost to Sunil Soren of BJP from Dumka constituency.
==Electoral history==
{{unreferenced section|date=August 2025}}
===Lok Sabha===
{| class="sortable wikitable"
! Year
! <small>Constituency</small>
! colspan="2"|Party
! Votes
! %
! Opponent
! colspan="2"|<small>Opponent Party</small>
! <small>Opponent Votes</small>
! %
! <small>Result</small>
! Margin
! %
! Ref
|-
! [[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
| rowspan="10"|[[Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
| {{Party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|rowspan=9}}
| 437,333
| 42.63
| rowspan="3"|<small>[[Sunil Soren]]</small>
| {{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=7}}
| 484,923
| 47.26
| {{no2|Lost}}
| -47,590
| -4.63
| <ref name="TOI1">{{cite web | title=Dumka Constituency Lok Sabha Election Result: Candidates Profiles, Map, Total Votes, Past Results | website=[[The Times of India]] | date=12 October 2025 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/jharkhand/dumka | access-date=12 October 2025}}</ref>
|-
! [[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
| 335,815
| 37.19
| 296,785
| 32.86
| {{yes2|Won}}
| 39,030
| 4.33
| <ref name="TOI1" />
|-
! [[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
| 208,518
| 33.52
| 189,706
| 30.5
| {{yes2|Won}}
| 18,812
| 3.02
|
|-
! [[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
| 339,542
| 33.52
| <small>Sonelal Hembrom</small>
| 224,527
| 30.5
| {{yes2|Won}}
| 115,015
| 3.02
|
|-
! [[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
| 264,778
| 44.88
| rowspan="3"|<small>[[Babulal Marandi]]</small>
| 277,334
| 47.01
| {{no2|Lost}}
| -12,556
| -2.13
|
|-
! [[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
| 165,411
| 31.94
| 159,933
| 30.89
| {{yes2|Won}}
| 5,478
| 1.05
|
|-
! [[1991 Indian general election|1991]]
| 260,169
| 58.28
| 126,528
| 28.34
| {{yes2|Won}}
| 133,641
| 29.94
|
|-
! [[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
| 247,502
| 60.97
| rowspan="3"|<small>[[Prithvi Chand Kisku]]</small>
| {{Party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
| 137,901
| 33.97
| {{yes2|Won}}
| 109,601
| 27
|
|-
! [[1984 Indian general election|1984]]
| 102,535
| 27.67
| 199,722
| 53.89
| {{no2|Lost}}
| -97,187
| -26.22
|
|-
! [[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
| {{Party name with color|Independent politician|shortname=IND}}
| 112,160
| 37.55
| {{Party name with color|Indian National Congress (Indira)}}
| 108,647
| 36.37
| {{yes2|Won}}
| 3,513
| 1.18
|
|-
|} {{missing information|2002 bypoll|date=January 2026}}
 
===Assembly===
{| class="sortable wikitable"
! Year
! <small>Constituency</small>
! colspan="2"|Party
! Votes
! %
! Opponent
! colspan="2"|<small>Opponent Party</small>
! <small>Opponent Votes</small>
! %
! <small>Result</small>
! Margin
! %
|-
! 2009 <br>{{small|By-election (June)}}
| [[Jamtara Assembly constituency|Jamtara]]
| {{Party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|rowspan=3}}
| 42,668
| 35.64%
| Tarun Kumar Gupta
| {{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| 25,036
| 20.91%
| {{Won}}
| 17,632
| 14.73%
|-
! 2009<br>{{small|By-election (January)}}
| [[Tamar Assembly constituency|Tamar]]
| 25,154
| -
| Gopal Krishna Patar
| {{Party name with color|Jharkhand Party|shortname=JKP}}
| 25,154
| -
| {{Lost}}
| 9,062
| -
|-
! [[1985 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| [[Jama Assembly constituency|Jama]]  
| 34,828
| 66.2%
| Prome Murmu
| {{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
| 16,484
| 31.33
| {{Won}}
| 18,344
| 34.87
|-
! [[1977 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| [[Tundi Assembly constituency|Tundi]]
| {{Party name with color|Independent|shortname=IND}}
| 7,523
| 19.51
| Satya Narayan Dudani
| {{Party name with color|Janata Party}}
| 16,055
| 41.64
| {{Lost}}
| -8,532
| 22.13
|-
|}


==Life imprisonment and acquittal==
==Life imprisonment and acquittal==
On 28 November 2006, Soren was found guilty in a twelve-year-old case involving the kidnapping and murder of his former personal secretary Shashinath Jha. It was claimed that Jha was abducted from the [[Dhaula Kuan]] area in [[Delhi]] on 22 May 1994 and taken to Piska Nagari village near [[Ranchi]] where he was killed. The CBI chargesheet stated that Jha's knowledge of the reported deal between the Congress and the JMM to save the Narasimha Rao government during the July 1993 [[no-confidence motion]] and an act of sodomy was the motive behind the murder. The charge-sheet asserted that: "Jha was aware of the illegal transactions and also expected and demanded a substantial share out of this amount from Soren." [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927122055/http://news.indlaw.com/527C7CE8127F523ABA578A792E73B70B].
On 28 November 2006, Soren was found guilty in a twelve-year-old case involving the kidnapping and murder of his former personal secretary Shashinath Jha. It was claimed that Jha was abducted from the [[Dhaula Kuan]] area in [[Delhi]] on 22 May 1994 and taken to Piska Nagari near [[Ranchi]] where he was killed. The CBI chargesheet stated that Jha's knowledge of the reported deal between the Congress and the JMM to save the [[P. V. Narasimha Rao|Narasimha Rao]] government during the July 1993 [[no-confidence motion]] and an act of sodomy was the motive behind the murder. The charge-sheet asserted that: "Jha was aware of the illegal transactions and also expected and demanded a substantial share out of this amount from Soren."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.indlaw.com/527C7CE8127F523ABA578A792E73B70B | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927122055/http://news.indlaw.com/527C7CE8127F523ABA578A792E73B70B | archive-date=27 September 2007 | title=Legal Solutions }}</ref>


Soren resigned from his post of [[Union Minister]] for Coal after [[Prime Minister]] [[Manmohan Singh]] demanded that he should do so in the wake of the verdict. This is the first case of a Union Minister of the Government of India being found guilty of involvement in a murder. On 5 December 2006, Shibu Soren was sentenced to life imprisonment. A Delhi court rejected his bail plea, stating: 'We cannot overlook the fact that the appellant (Soren) has been convicted after a detailed and elaborate trial only in November 2006 and sentenced in December 2006.
Soren resigned from his post of [[Union Minister]] for Coal after [[Prime Minister]] [[Manmohan Singh]] demanded that he should do so in the wake of the verdict. This is the first case of a Union Minister of the Government of India being found guilty of involvement in a murder. On 5 December 2006, Shibu Soren was sentenced to life imprisonment. A Delhi court rejected his bail plea, stating: 'We cannot overlook the fact that the appellant (Soren) has been convicted after a detailed and elaborate trial only in November 2006 and sentenced in December 2006.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shibu Soren Resigns|date=24 July 2004|access-date=5 August 2025|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/252888}}</ref>


The bench also noted that he was also being tried in a number of other cases, including the case of mass murder in Jharkhand.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shibu Soren's bail plea rejected|date=14 March 2007|access-date=13 May 2007|url=http://www.nerve.in/news:25350037986}}</ref>
The bench also noted that he was also being tried in a number of other cases, including the case of mass murder in Jharkhand.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shibu Soren's bail plea rejected|date=14 March 2007|access-date=13 May 2007|url=http://www.nerve.in/news:25350037986}}</ref>


On 25 June 2007, Shibu Soren was being escorted to his jail in [[Dumka]], [[Jharkhand]] when his convoy was attacked by bombs,<ref>{{cite news|title=Shibu Soren escapes bomb attack|publisher=[[India Abroad]] News Service [[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]|url=http://shibu-soren-news.newslib.com/story/3909-3234880/|date=25 June 2007|access-date=26 July 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714174233/http://shibu-soren-news.newslib.com/story/3909-3234880/|archive-date=14 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> but no one was hurt.<ref>{{cite news|title=HC slams CBI for failing to counter Soren challenge|author=Abhinav Garg|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-05-29/india/27887787_1_cbi-counsel-shashi-nath-jha-shibu-soren|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017211606/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-05-29/india/27887787_1_cbi-counsel-shashi-nath-jha-shibu-soren|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 October 2012|date=29 May 2007|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=3 August 2007}}</ref>
On 25 June 2007, Shibu Soren was being escorted to his jail in [[Dumka]], [[Jharkhand]] when his convoy was attacked by bombs,<ref>{{cite news|title=Shibu Soren escapes bomb attack|publisher=[[India Abroad]] News Service [[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]|url=http://shibu-soren-news.newslib.com/story/3909-3234880/|date=25 June 2007|access-date=26 July 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714174233/http://shibu-soren-news.newslib.com/story/3909-3234880/|archive-date=14 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> but no one was hurt.<ref>{{cite news|title=HC slams CBI for failing to counter Soren challenge|author=Abhinav Garg|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/HC-slams-CBI-for-failing-to-counter-Soren-challenge/articleshow/2081534.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017211606/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-05-29/india/27887787_1_cbi-counsel-shashi-nath-jha-shibu-soren|url-status=live|archive-date=17 October 2012|date=29 May 2007|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=3 August 2007}}</ref>


The Delhi High Court on 23 August 2007 overruled the District Court and acquitted Soren, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121017232726/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-08-23/india/27976196_1_hc-acquits-soren-shibu-soren-chirudih-massacre-case] stating that "The trial court's analysis is far from convincing and not sustainable."
The [[Delhi High Court]] on 23 August 2007 overruled the District Court and acquitted Soren, stating that "The trial court's analysis is far from convincing and not sustainable."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/HC-acquits-Soren-slams-CBI-for-lapses/articleshow/2302536.cms | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017232726/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-08-23/india/27976196_1_hc-acquits-soren-shibu-soren-chirudih-massacre-case | archive-date=17 October 2012 | url-status=live | title=HC acquits Soren, slams CBI for lapses - Times of India | website=[[The Times of India]] | date=23 August 2007 }}</ref>


The five men convicted by the [[Tis Hazari]] court were held guilty of criminal conspiracy, abduction and murder primarily on the basis of [[forensic evidence]] provided by a post-mortem report of a body discovered in Jharkhand, namely a skull superimposition test and skull injury report. This was in addition to eyewitness accounts and some circumstantial evidence.<ref name="HT">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930024434/http://www.hindustantimes.com/storypage/storypage.aspx?id=97a99e43-93c7-45a8-81e6-424282ec1a14&&Headline=Shibu+Soren%e2%80%99s+aquittal+on+expected+lines Shibu Soren’s {{sic|aqui|ttal|nolink=y}} on expected lines] ''[[Hindustan Times]]''. 23 August 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
The five men convicted by the [[Tis Hazari]] court were held guilty of criminal conspiracy, abduction and murder primarily on the basis of [[forensic evidence]] provided by a post-mortem report of a body discovered in Jharkhand, namely a skull superimposition test and skull injury report. This was in addition to eyewitness accounts and some circumstantial evidence.<ref name="HT">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930024434/http://www.hindustantimes.com/storypage/storypage.aspx?id=97a99e43-93c7-45a8-81e6-424282ec1a14&&Headline=Shibu+Soren%e2%80%99s+aquittal+on+expected+lines Shibu Soren’s {{sic|aqui|ttal|nolink=y}} on expected lines] ''[[Hindustan Times]]''. 23 August 2007. {{dead link|date=October 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
Soren was born on {{date|11 January 1944}} into a [[Santal people|Santal]] family to Shobaran Soren and Sonamuni Soren in Nemra village of [[Ramgarh district]], then part of [[Bihar Province]] in [[British India]]. Shibu Soren was elder among his four brothers namely 1.Raja Ram Soren 2.Shankar Soren 3. Lalu Soren and youngest 4.Ramu Soren.He completed his matriculation at Gola High School.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shibu-Soren|title=Shibu Soren|website=britannica|date=3 April 2024 }}</ref> He completed his schooling in the same district.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-04 |title=Who was Shibu Soren? Rose through struggles to become Jharkhand's 'Dishom Guru' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/who-was-shibu-soren-former-jharkhand-cm-dies-at-81-101754281971164.html |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>


He is married to Roopi Kisku. He has three sons Durga Soren, Hemant Soren, and Basant Soren and a daughter, Anjali Soren. [[Hemant Soren]] is the current [[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]], having held the same office previously from July 2013 to December 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Hemant-Soren-becomes-Jharkhand-CM-heads-9th-government-in-13-years/articleshow/21051174.cms|title=Hemant Soren becomes Jharkhand CM, heads 9th government in 13 years - The Times of India|work=[[India Times]]|year=2013|quote=JMM leader Hemant Soren, son of party chief Shibu Soren, was on Saturday sworn in as the new chief minister of Jharkhand|access-date=14 July 2013}}</ref> His elder son [[Durga Soren]] was MLA from [[Jama (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jama]] from 1995 to 2005.<ref>[http://elections.traceall.in/vidhan-sabha-assembly-election-results/Jama-in-Bihar Bihar Assembly Election Results (Constituency Wise)]</ref> Durga's wife [[Sita Soren]] is current MLA from [[Jama (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jama]]. {{Citation needed|date=February 2020}} [[Basant Soren]] is president of the [[Jharkhand Yuva Morcha]], a youth wing of [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] and current MLA from [[Dumka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dumka]].<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/basant-soren-chosen-for-rajya-sabha-jmm-too-focusses-on-dynasty-in-jharkhand/articleshow/52552596.cms Basant Soren chosen for Rajya Sabha, JMM too focusses on dynasty in Jharkhand]</ref>
Soren was married to Roopi Kisku in 1962. He had three sons [[Durga Soren]], [[Hemant Soren]], and [[Basant Soren]] and a daughter, [[Anjali Soren]]. His son, [[Hemant Soren]] is the [[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]] currently and was the CM previously from July 2013 to December 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Hemant-Soren-becomes-Jharkhand-CM-heads-9th-government-in-13-years/articleshow/21051174.cms|title=Hemant Soren becomes Jharkhand CM, heads 9th government in 13 years - The Times of India|work=[[India Times]]|year=2013|quote=JMM leader Hemant Soren, son of party chief Shibu Soren, was on Saturday sworn in as the new chief minister of Jharkhand|access-date=14 July 2013}}</ref> His elder son [[Durga Soren]] was MLA from [[Jama (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jama]] from 1995 to 2005.<ref>[http://elections.traceall.in/vidhan-sabha-assembly-election-results/Jama-in-Bihar Bihar Assembly Election Results (Constituency Wise)]</ref> Durga's wife, [[Sita Soren]] is former MLA from [[Jama (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jama]], but is now in [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shibu-Soren|title = Shibu SorenIndian politician}}</ref> Basant Soren is president of the Jharkhand Yuva Morcha, a youth wing of [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] and current MLA from [[Dumka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dumka]].<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/basant-soren-chosen-for-rajya-sabha-jmm-too-focusses-on-dynasty-in-jharkhand/articleshow/52552596.cms Basant Soren chosen for Rajya Sabha, JMM too focusses on dynasty in Jharkhand]</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myneta.info/jharkhand2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=12521|title = Basant Soren(JMM):Constituency- DUMKA (ST) : BYE ELECTION ON 03-11-2020(DUMKA ) - Affidavit Information of Candidate}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myneta.info/jharkhand2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=12521|title = Basant Soren(JMM):Constituency- DUMKA (ST) : BYE ELECTION ON 03-11-2020(DUMKA ) - Affidavit Information of Candidate}}</ref>
Soren died at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in Delhi, on 4 August 2025, at the age of 81.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-04 |title=Shibu Soren: India tribal icon has died, aged 81 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvg3130l8kno |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=BBC News |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=4 August 2025 |title=Dishom Guru Shibu Soren is no more, died at the age of 81. |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/ranchi/shibu-soren-jmm-supremo-dead-in-sir-ganga-ram-hospital-delhi-mourning-in-jharkhand |access-date=5 August 2025 |work=Prabhat Khabar}}</ref> He had been admitted in late June 2025 for chronic kidney disease, and reportedly suffered a stroke during his treatment. After about a month on life support, he died with his family by his bedside.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-08-04 |title=Shibu Soren’s cause of death: What we know about the passing of Jharkhand CM Hemant Soren’s father |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/shibu-soren-death-reason-know-how-jharkhand-former-cm-shibu-soren-passes-away-at-81-in-sir-gangaram-hospital/articleshow/123087981.cms |access-date=2025-12-10 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Mishra |first=Pallav |title=Full Hospital Statement On Ex-Jharkhand Chief Minister Shibu Soren's Death |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/shibu-soren-dies-full-hospital-statement-on-ex-jharkhand-chief-minister-shibu-sorens-death-9013952 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250822153813/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/shibu-soren-dies-full-hospital-statement-on-ex-jharkhand-chief-minister-shibu-sorens-death-9013952 |archive-date=2025-08-22 |access-date=2025-12-10 |work=www.ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Jharkhand movement]]


==References==
==References==
Line 123: Line 346:
* [http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jul/21soren.htm Jharkhand cops chasing Union minister with arrest warrant] - [[rediff.com]] article dated 21 July 2004
* [http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jul/21soren.htm Jharkhand cops chasing Union minister with arrest warrant] - [[rediff.com]] article dated 21 July 2004
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040805182453/http://web.mid-day.com/news/city/2004/july/88218.htm Shibu Soren goes underground] - Mid Day article dated 21 July 2004
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040805182453/http://web.mid-day.com/news/city/2004/july/88218.htm Shibu Soren goes underground] - Mid Day article dated 21 July 2004
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041102030249/http://www.indiaexpress.com/news/regional/delhi/20040724-0.html PM asks Shibu Soren to resign] - [[Indian Express]] article dated 24 July 2004
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20041102030249/http://www.indiaexpress.com/news/regional/delhi/20040724-0.html PM asks Shibu Soren to resign]}} - [[Indian Express]] article dated 24 July 2004
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040815062435/http://in.news.yahoo.com/040724/137/2f4lr.html Shibu Soren resigns after arrest warrant] - Yahoo! India News story dated 24 July 2004
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040815062435/http://in.news.yahoo.com/040724/137/2f4lr.html Shibu Soren resigns after arrest warrant] - Yahoo! India News story dated 24 July 2004
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040903063256/http://www.123bharath.com/world-news/index.php?action=fullnews&id=4269 Shibu Soren: from farmer's son to fugitive minister] - 123bharath.com article dated 24 July 2004
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040903063256/http://www.123bharath.com/world-news/index.php?action=fullnews&id=4269 Shibu Soren: from farmer's son to fugitive minister] - 123bharath.com article dated 24 July 2004
Line 132: Line 355:


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Bateshwar Hembram]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br />for [[Dumka Lok Sabha constituency|Dumka]] |years=1980–1984}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Prithvi Chand Kisku]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Prithvi Chand Kisku]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br />for [[Dumka Lok Sabha constituency|Dumka]] |years=1989–1998}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Babulal Marandi]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Babulal Marandi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br />for [[Dumka Lok Sabha constituency|Dumka]] |years=2002–2019}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Sunil Soren]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Arjun Munda]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]]|years=2 March 2005 - 12 March 2005}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Arjun Munda]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Madhu Koda]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]]|years=27 August 2008 - 19 January 2009}}
{{s-aft|after=[[President's rule]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[President's rule]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Jharkhand]]|years=30 December 2009 - 1 June 2010}}
{{s-aft|after=[[President's rule]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Mamata Banerjee]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Coal|Minister of Coal]]|years=22 May 2004 - 24 July 2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Manmohan Singh]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Mamata Banerjee]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Mines (India)|Minister of Mines and Minerals]]|years=22 May 2004 - 24 July 2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Manmohan Singh]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Manmohan Singh]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Coal|Minister of Coal]]|years=27 November 2004 - 2 March 2005}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Manmohan Singh]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Manmohan Singh]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Coal|Minister of Coal]]|years=29 January 2006 - 29 November 2006}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Manmohan Singh]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=}}
{{s-bef|before=}}
{{s-ttl|title=Leader of the [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] Party in the [[16th Lok Sabha]]|years=2014–2019}}
{{s-ttl|title=Leader of the [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] Party in the [[16th Lok Sabha]]|years=2014–2019}}
{{s-aft|after=}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Vijay Kumar Hansdak]]}}
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{{Padma Bhushan Award Recipients 2020–2029}}
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[[Category:Coal Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Coal ministers of India]]

Latest revision as of 07:28, 2 February 2026


Shibu Soren
ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ
Soren in 2006
Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
In office
22 June 2020 – 4 August 2025
Preceded byPrem Chand Gupta
ConstituencyJharkhand
In office
10 April 2002 – 2 June 2002
ConstituencyJharkhand
In office
8 July 1998 – 18 July 2001
ConstituencyJharkhand
3rd Chief Minister of Jharkhand
In office
30 December 2009 – 31 May 2010
Governor
Preceded byPresident's rule
Succeeded byPresident's rule
In office
27 August 2008 – 18 January 2009
GovernorSyed Sibtey Razi
Preceded byMadhu Koda
Succeeded byPresident's rule
In office
2 March 2005 – 12 March 2005
GovernorSyed Sibtey Razi
Preceded byArjun Munda
Succeeded byArjun Munda
Union Minister of Coal
In office
29 January 2006 – 28 November 2006
Prime MinisterManmohan Singh
Preceded byManmohan Singh
Succeeded byManmohan Singh
In office
27 November 2004 – 2 March 2005
Prime MinisterManmohan Singh
Preceded byManmohan Singh
Succeeded byManmohan Singh
In office
23 May 2004 – 24 July 2004
Prime MinisterManmohan Singh
Preceded byMamata Banerjee
Succeeded byManmohan Singh
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office
2002–2019
Preceded byBabulal Marandi
Succeeded bySunil Soren
ConstituencyDumka, Jharkhand
In office
1989–1998
Preceded byPrithvi Chand Kisku
Succeeded byBabulal Marandi
ConstituencyDumka, Jharkhand
In office
1980–1984
Preceded byBabulal Marandi
Succeeded byPrithvi Chand Kisku
ConstituencyDumka, Jharkhand
President of Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
In office
1987 – 15 April 2025
Preceded byBinod Bihari Mahato
Succeeded byHemant Soren
Personal details
Born(1944-01-11)11 January 1944
Nemra, Bihar Province, British India (present-day Jharkhand, India)
Died4 August 2025(2025-08-04) (aged 81)
Delhi, India
Political partyJharkhand Mukti Morcha
Spouse(s)
Roopi Soren
(
m. 1962)
Children
Residence1, Motilal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, India
Occupation
  • Agriculturist
  • politician
Nickname(s)"Dishom Guru"[1]
As of 25 September, 2006
Source: [1]

Shibu Soren (hi; 11 January 1944 – 4 August 2025), popularly known as the Dishom Guru, was an Indian social reformer and politician who was a founder and longtime president of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM).[2] He played a crucial role in the formation of the separate state of Jharkhand from Bihar[3] and later served as the 3rd Chief Minister of Jharkhand, first for 10 days in March 2005, then from 2008 to 2009, and again from 2009 to 2010.

Soren was a Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Dumka from 1980 to 1984, 1989 to 1998, and 2002 to 2019. He was also a member of the Rajya Sabha, representing Jharkhand from 2020 until his death in 2025. He also served as the Minister for Coal in the Union Cabinet three times: in 2004, from 2004 to 2005, and in 2006. However, he was convicted by a Delhi district court of his involvement in the 1994 murder of his private secretary, Shashi Nath Jha.[4] He had also been indicted in the past on other criminal charges.

Political career[edit | edit source]

Soren entered activism following the murder of his father, Shobaran Soren, on 27 November 1957. His father was a teacher and tribal activist who worked on tribal land rights issues.[5] At the age of eighteen, Soren founded the Santhal Navyuvak Sangh.[6] In 1972, Bengali Marxist trade union leader A. K. Roy, Kurmi-Mahato leader Binod Bihari Mahato and Santal leader Shibu Soren formed Jharkhand Mukti Morcha. Soren became the general secretary of JMM. JMM organised agitations to reclaim the tribal lands which were alienated. They started forcibly harvesting in the lands. Shibu Soren was known for delivering summary justice against landlords and money lenders, sometimes by holding own courts.[7] On 23 January 1975, he allegedly incited a campaign to drive away "outsiders", or the 'non-tribal' people. At least eleven people were killed. Soren and numerous others were charged with various crimes related to this incident. After extended legal proceedings, Soren was acquitted on 6 March 2008.[8] However, possibly related incitement charges—dating from two earlier deaths in 1974—remain pending.[9][10]

He entered to electoral politics as an Independent candidate to the Bihar assembly elections in 1977 but lost to Janata Party candidate.[citation needed] Then, he was first elected to the Lok Sabha in 1980 from Dumka.[citation needed] An arrest warrant was issued against him. He was subsequently elected to the Lok Sabha in 1989, 1991 and 1996 as well.[citation needed]

In 2002, he was elected to the Rajya Sabha.[citation needed] He won the Dumka Lok Sabha seat in a by-election the same year and resigned his Rajya Sabha seat. He was re-elected in 2004.[citation needed]

PoI A. P. J. Abdul Kalam administering oath to Soren as Union Cabinet Minister on 22 May 2004

He became the Union Coal Minister in the Manmohan Singh government, but was asked to resign following an arrest warrant in his name in the thirty-year-old Chirudih case. He was one of the main accused amongst 69, with allegations to kill 10 people (including 9 Muslims) on 23 January 1975, in a clash between tribals and Muslims.[11] After the warrant was issued, he initially went underground. He resigned on 24 July 2004. He was able to secure bail after spending over a month in judicial custody; released on bail on 8 September, he was re-inducted into the Union Cabinet and given back the coal ministry on 27 November 2004, as part of a deal for a Congress-JMM alliance before assembly elections in Jharkhand in February/March 2005.[12]

Chief Minister of Jharkhand (2005–2010)[edit | edit source]

On 2 March 2005, after much political bargaining and quid pro quo he was invited to form the government in Jharkhand by the Governor of Jharkhand.[citation needed] He resigned as Chief Minister nine days later, on 11 March, following his failure to obtain a vote of confidence in the assembly.[citation needed]

Later career[edit | edit source]

In the 2019 Lok Sabha elections, he lost to Sunil Soren of the BJP from Dumka constituency.[13] He didn't contest 2024 Indian Lok Sabha elections.

Electoral history[edit | edit source]

Lok Sabha[edit | edit source]

Year Constituency Party Votes % Opponent Opponent Party Opponent Votes % Result Margin % Ref
2019 Dumka JMM 437,333 42.63 Sunil Soren BJP 484,923 47.26 Lost -47,590 -4.63 [14]
2014 335,815 37.19 296,785 32.86 Won 39,030 4.33 [14]
2009 208,518 33.52 189,706 30.5 Won 18,812 3.02
2004 339,542 33.52 Sonelal Hembrom 224,527 30.5 Won 115,015 3.02
1998 264,778 44.88 Babulal Marandi 277,334 47.01 Lost -12,556 -2.13
1996 165,411 31.94 159,933 30.89 Won 5,478 1.05
1991 260,169 58.28 126,528 28.34 Won 133,641 29.94
1989 247,502 60.97 Prithvi Chand Kisku INC 137,901 33.97 Won 109,601 27
1984 102,535 27.67 199,722 53.89 Lost -97,187 -26.22
1980 Independent 112,160 37.55 Indian National Congress 108,647 36.37 Won 3,513 1.18

Assembly[edit | edit source]

Year Constituency Party Votes % Opponent Opponent Party Opponent Votes % Result Margin %
2009
By-election (June) 		Jamtara JMM 42,668 35.64% Tarun Kumar Gupta BJP 25,036 20.91% Won 17,632 14.73%
2009
By-election (January) 		Tamar 25,154 - Gopal Krishna Patar Jharkhand Party 25,154 - Lost 9,062 -
1985 Jama 34,828 66.2% Prome Murmu INC 16,484 31.33 Won 18,344 34.87
1977 Tundi Independent 7,523 19.51 Satya Narayan Dudani JP 16,055 41.64 Lost -8,532 22.13

Life imprisonment and acquittal[edit | edit source]

On 28 November 2006, Soren was found guilty in a twelve-year-old case involving the kidnapping and murder of his former personal secretary Shashinath Jha. It was claimed that Jha was abducted from the Dhaula Kuan area in Delhi on 22 May 1994 and taken to Piska Nagari near Ranchi where he was killed. The CBI chargesheet stated that Jha's knowledge of the reported deal between the Congress and the JMM to save the Narasimha Rao government during the July 1993 no-confidence motion and an act of sodomy was the motive behind the murder. The charge-sheet asserted that: "Jha was aware of the illegal transactions and also expected and demanded a substantial share out of this amount from Soren."[15]

Soren resigned from his post of Union Minister for Coal after Prime Minister Manmohan Singh demanded that he should do so in the wake of the verdict. This is the first case of a Union Minister of the Government of India being found guilty of involvement in a murder. On 5 December 2006, Shibu Soren was sentenced to life imprisonment. A Delhi court rejected his bail plea, stating: 'We cannot overlook the fact that the appellant (Soren) has been convicted after a detailed and elaborate trial only in November 2006 and sentenced in December 2006.[16]

The bench also noted that he was also being tried in a number of other cases, including the case of mass murder in Jharkhand.[17]

On 25 June 2007, Shibu Soren was being escorted to his jail in Dumka, Jharkhand when his convoy was attacked by bombs,[18] but no one was hurt.[19]

The Delhi High Court on 23 August 2007 overruled the District Court and acquitted Soren, stating that "The trial court's analysis is far from convincing and not sustainable."[20]

The five men convicted by the Tis Hazari court were held guilty of criminal conspiracy, abduction and murder primarily on the basis of forensic evidence provided by a post-mortem report of a body discovered in Jharkhand, namely a skull superimposition test and skull injury report. This was in addition to eyewitness accounts and some circumstantial evidence.[21]

Personal life[edit | edit source]

Soren was born on 11 January 1944 into a Santal family to Shobaran Soren and Sonamuni Soren in Nemra village of Ramgarh district, then part of Bihar Province in British India. Shibu Soren was elder among his four brothers namely 1.Raja Ram Soren 2.Shankar Soren 3. Lalu Soren and youngest 4.Ramu Soren.He completed his matriculation at Gola High School.[22] He completed his schooling in the same district.[23]

Soren was married to Roopi Kisku in 1962. He had three sons Durga Soren, Hemant Soren, and Basant Soren and a daughter, Anjali Soren. His son, Hemant Soren is the Chief Minister of Jharkhand currently and was the CM previously from July 2013 to December 2014.[24] His elder son Durga Soren was MLA from Jama from 1995 to 2005.[25] Durga's wife, Sita Soren is former MLA from Jama, but is now in BJP.[26] Basant Soren is president of the Jharkhand Yuva Morcha, a youth wing of Jharkhand Mukti Morcha and current MLA from Dumka.[27] [28]

Soren died at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in Delhi, on 4 August 2025, at the age of 81.[29][30] He had been admitted in late June 2025 for chronic kidney disease, and reportedly suffered a stroke during his treatment. After about a month on life support, he died with his family by his bedside.[31][32]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Bose, Saikat Kumar (4 August 2025). "'Dishom Guru' Shibu Soren Dies At 81, Son Hemant Says "Lost Everything"". www.ndtv.com. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  2. ↑ Bhelari, Amit (4 August 2025). "Shibu Soren: From a social reformer to an iconic tribal leader". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 October 2025.
  3. ↑
    • Bhelari, Amit (4 August 2025). "Shibu Soren: From a social reformer to an iconic tribal leader". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 October 2025. He played a crucial role in the creation of the separate state of Jharkhand, turning a long-standing dream into reality.
    • Pathak, Vikas (5 August 2025). "Pivotal figure in Jharkhand movement, Shibu Soren had a storied career with fleeting stints in power". The Indian Express. Retrieved 12 October 2025. He had only brief stints in office as Union minister and Chief Minister because of recurrent legal troubles and coalition frictions, but Shibu Soren the politician left an indelible mark on the politics of Jharkhand as a key figure of the decades-long statehood movement that ultimately led to the carving out of the state from Bihar in 2000.
    • D'Souza, Shanthie Mariet. "Shibu Soren". Encyclopedia Britannica. The Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) movement was formed in 1973 by Soren and others, with its main objective being the creation of a separate Jharkhand state out of the eastern and southern portions of the existing Bihar state. That goal was achieved in 2000. Soren successfully expanded the political base of the JMM by soliciting the support of industrial and mine workers and of the region's minority peoples. He became the president of the JMM in 1987.
  4. ↑ PTI (28 November 2006). "Shibu Soren guilty in murder case, quits cabinet". rediff.com. Retrieved 12 May 2007.
  5. ↑ "Sobaran Soren assassinated for agitation against moneylenders". The Times of India. 28 November 2021. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 1 October 2025.
  6. ↑ "Shibu Soren sworn in as Jharkhand Chief Minister". The Economic Times. 30 December 2009.
  7. ↑ Tillin, Louise (October 2013). Remapping India: New States and their Political Origins. Hurst Publishers. ISBN 9781849042291.
  8. ↑ Soren acquitted in Chirudih massacre case Archived 8 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Thaindian News. 6 March 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  9. ↑ Verdict in murder case involving Soren 15 June Archived 8 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Thaindian News. 3 June 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  10. ↑ Verdict in murder case involving Soren on 15 June Hindustan Times 3 June 2010. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  11. ↑ "1975 Chirudih massacre: Past catches up with Shibu Soren, arrest warrant issued". m.indiatoday.in. 2 August 2004. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  12. ↑ Soren back in Union Cabinet The Hindu. 28 November 2004. Retrieved 22 August 2007.
  13. ↑ "Former Jharkhand CM Shibu Soren loses from Dumka". Deccan Chronicle. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2025.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Dumka Constituency Lok Sabha Election Result: Candidates Profiles, Map, Total Votes, Past Results". The Times of India. 12 October 2025. Retrieved 12 October 2025.
  15. ↑ "Legal Solutions". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
  16. ↑ "Shibu Soren Resigns". 24 July 2004. Retrieved 5 August 2025.
  17. ↑ "Shibu Soren's bail plea rejected". 14 March 2007. Retrieved 13 May 2007.
  18. ↑ "Shibu Soren escapes bomb attack". India Abroad News Service IANS. 25 June 2007. Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2007.
  19. ↑ Abhinav Garg (29 May 2007). "HC slams CBI for failing to counter Soren challenge". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2007.
  20. ↑ "HC acquits Soren, slams CBI for lapses - Times of India". The Times of India. 23 August 2007. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012.
  21. ↑ Shibu Soren’s aquittal [sic] on expected lines Hindustan Times. 23 August 2007. [dead link]
  22. ↑ "Shibu Soren". britannica. 3 April 2024.
  23. ↑ "Who was Shibu Soren? Rose through struggles to become Jharkhand's 'Dishom Guru'". Hindustan Times. 4 August 2025. Retrieved 1 October 2025.
  24. ↑ "Hemant Soren becomes Jharkhand CM, heads 9th government in 13 years - The Times of India". India Times. 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2013. JMM leader Hemant Soren, son of party chief Shibu Soren, was on Saturday sworn in as the new chief minister of Jharkhand
  25. ↑ Bihar Assembly Election Results (Constituency Wise)
  26. ↑ "Shibu SorenIndian politician".
  27. ↑ Basant Soren chosen for Rajya Sabha, JMM too focusses on dynasty in Jharkhand
  28. ↑ "Basant Soren(JMM):Constituency- DUMKA (ST) : BYE ELECTION ON 03-11-2020(DUMKA ) - Affidavit Information of Candidate".
  29. ↑ "Shibu Soren: India tribal icon has died, aged 81". BBC News. 4 August 2025. Retrieved 4 August 2025.
  30. ↑ "Dishom Guru Shibu Soren is no more, died at the age of 81". Prabhat Khabar. 4 August 2025. Retrieved 5 August 2025.
  31. ↑ "Shibu Soren's cause of death: What we know about the passing of Jharkhand CM Hemant Soren's father". The Economic Times. 4 August 2025. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 10 December 2025.
  32. ↑ Mishra, Pallav. "Full Hospital Statement On Ex-Jharkhand Chief Minister Shibu Soren's Death". www.ndtv.com. Archived from the original on 22 August 2025. Retrieved 10 December 2025.

External links[edit | edit source]

Lok Sabha
Preceded by
Bateshwar Hembram 		Member of Parliament
for Dumka
1980–1984 		Succeeded by
Prithvi Chand Kisku
Preceded by
Prithvi Chand Kisku 		Member of Parliament
for Dumka
1989–1998 		Succeeded by
Babulal Marandi
Preceded by
Babulal Marandi 		Member of Parliament
for Dumka
2002–2019 		Succeeded by
Sunil Soren
Political offices
Preceded by
Arjun Munda 		Chief Minister of Jharkhand
2 March 2005 - 12 March 2005 		Succeeded by
Arjun Munda
Preceded by
Madhu Koda 		Chief Minister of Jharkhand
27 August 2008 - 19 January 2009 		Succeeded by
President's rule
Preceded by
President's rule 		Chief Minister of Jharkhand
30 December 2009 - 1 June 2010 		Succeeded by
President's rule
Preceded by
Mamata Banerjee 		Minister of Coal
22 May 2004 - 24 July 2004 		Succeeded by
Manmohan Singh
Preceded by
Mamata Banerjee 		Minister of Mines and Minerals
22 May 2004 - 24 July 2004 		Succeeded by
Manmohan Singh
Preceded by
Manmohan Singh 		Minister of Coal
27 November 2004 - 2 March 2005 		Succeeded by
Manmohan Singh
Preceded by
Manmohan Singh 		Minister of Coal
29 January 2006 - 29 November 2006 		Succeeded by
Manmohan Singh
Party political offices
Preceded by
 Leader of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Party in the 16th Lok Sabha
2014–2019 		Succeeded by
Vijay Kumar Hansdak

Template:Padma Bhushan Award Recipients 2020–2029 Template:Chief Ministers of Jharkhand

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