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[[File:Rajarani Temple 03.jpg|thumb|Varuna Sculpture Rajarani Temple, Bhubaneswar]] | |||
'''Stone carving in Odisha''' is the ancient practice of sculpting stone into art and utilitarian objects. It is an ancient practice in the Indian state of [[Odisha]]. Stone carving is practiced by artisans mainly in [[Puri]], [[Bhubaneswar]] and [[Lalitgiri]] in the [[Cuttack district]], though some carvings can be found in [[Khiching]] in the [[Mayurbhanj District]]. Stone carving is one of the major handcrafts of [[Odisha]]. The art form primarily consists of custom carved works,<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone carving in Orissa|url=http://www.incredibleodisha.org/Stone-Carvings-in-orissa.aspx|website=Incredible Odisha|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> with the [[Sun Temple of Konark]] and its intricate sculpture and delicate carvings on the red vivid sandstone exemplifying the practice. Other noteworthy monuments include the Stupas of [[Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves|Udayagiri]] and [[Ratnagiri, Odisha|Ratnagiri]] and the temples at [[Jagannath]], [[Lingaraj]], [[Mukteshwar]] and as well as other temples in the region. | '''Stone carving in Odisha''' is the ancient practice of sculpting stone into art and utilitarian objects. It is an ancient practice in the Indian state of [[Odisha]]. Stone carving is practiced by artisans mainly in [[Puri]], [[Bhubaneswar]] and [[Lalitgiri]] in the [[Cuttack district]], though some carvings can be found in [[Khiching]] in the [[Mayurbhanj District]]. Stone carving is one of the major handcrafts of [[Odisha]]. The art form primarily consists of custom carved works,<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone carving in Orissa|url=http://www.incredibleodisha.org/Stone-Carvings-in-orissa.aspx|website=Incredible Odisha|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> with the [[Sun Temple of Konark]] and its intricate sculpture and delicate carvings on the red vivid sandstone exemplifying the practice. Other noteworthy monuments include the Stupas of [[Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves|Udayagiri]] and [[Ratnagiri, Odisha|Ratnagiri]] and the temples at [[Jagannath]], [[Lingaraj]], [[Mukteshwar]] and as well as other temples in the region. | ||
==Stones== | ==Stones== | ||
[[Sandstone]], [[soap stone|soapstone]], [[serpentinite]], [[Makrana marble]], and [[granite]] were used in Konark stone carving.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone Carving|url=http://www.orupa.org/stone_carving.html|website=Orupa|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> Skillful artists may use the soft, white soapstone, {{ | [[Sandstone]], [[soap stone|soapstone]], [[serpentinite]], [[Makrana marble]], and [[granite]] were used in Konark stone carving.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone Carving|url=http://www.orupa.org/stone_carving.html|website=Orupa|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> Skillful artists may use the soft, white soapstone, {{Transliteration|or|khadipathara}}, or the slightly harder greenish [[chlorite]] or {{Transliteration|or|kochilapathara}}. Rocks such as the pinkish {{Transliteration|or|khandolite}}, {{Transliteration|or|sahanapathara}} or {{Transliteration|or|baulapathara}} and the hardest of all, black granite and {{Transliteration|or|muguni pathara}} are commonly used. | ||
==Procedure== | ==Procedure== | ||
An outline of sorts is first drawn on the cut-to-size stone. Once the outline is engraved, the final figure is brought out by removing the unwanted portions. For the harder stones, this is done by chiseling out the extra material. With softer stones, it is done by scraping out the extra material with a sharp flat-edged iron tool. Hammers and chisels of various sizes are used (e.g., the {{ | An outline of sorts is first drawn on the cut-to-size stone. Once the outline is engraved, the final figure is brought out by removing the unwanted portions. For the harder stones, this is done by chiseling out the extra material. With softer stones, it is done by scraping out the extra material with a sharp flat-edged iron tool. Hammers and chisels of various sizes are used (e.g., the {{Transliteration|or|muna}}, {{Transliteration|or|patili}}, {{Transliteration|or|martual}}, {{Transliteration|or|thuk-thuki}} and {{Transliteration|or|nitana}}). | ||
==Products== | ==Products== | ||
Subjects are often traditional images, including mythological figures. Utilitarian items like candle stands, pen stands, paperweights, bookends, lamp bases and [[stoneware]] utensils are also created. Turning and polishing with a wooden lathe called Kunda, the craftsmen produce beautiful polished plates (thali), containers (gina, pathuri), cups and glasses. These are used for {{ | Subjects are often traditional images, including mythological figures. Utilitarian items like candle stands, pen stands, paperweights, bookends, lamp bases and [[stoneware]] utensils are also created. Turning and polishing with a wooden lathe called Kunda, the craftsmen produce beautiful polished plates (thali), containers (gina, pathuri), cups and glasses. These are used for {{Transliteration|hi|[[Puja (Hinduism)|pujas]]}}, ritual worships and for daily eating. Stoneware containers are particularly good for storing curd as they do not react to acid. They are also filled with water and used for holding the legs of wooden almirahs to keep out the ants.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stone Carving|url=http://odishatourism.gov.in/Attractions/Handicrafts/Stone.aspx|website=Odisha Tourism|access-date=31 January 2016}}</ref> | ||
== Gallery == | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Loving couple mithuna- 13th century India.png|Loving Maithuna Sculpture - 13th century Eastern ganga dynasty | |||
File:Sculptures in the Odisha State Museum1.jpg|Sculpture art from Odisha | |||
File:Chamunda at Odisha State Museum, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.jpg|Chamunda 8th century CE at Odisha State Museum, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India | |||
File:Sculpture of Alasa Kanya at Vaital Deul, Bhubaneswar.jpg|Sculpture of Alasa Kanya at Vaital Deul, Bhubaneswar | |||
</gallery> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{Odisha}} | {{Odisha}} | ||
{{Odia culture}} | {{Odia culture}} | ||
[[Category:Geographical indications in Odisha]] | [[Category:Geographical indications in Odisha]] | ||
[[Category:Stonemasonry]] | [[Category:Stonemasonry]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:09, 12 October 2025
| Konark Stone Carving | |
|---|---|
| Geographical indication | |
 | |
| Alternative names | Konark Stone Carving (କୋଣାର୍କ ପଥର ଖୋଦେଇ) |
| Type | Handcraft, Stone |
| Area | Konark, Puri district, Odisha |
| Country | India |
| Material | Handcraft |
Stone carving in Odisha is the ancient practice of sculpting stone into art and utilitarian objects. It is an ancient practice in the Indian state of Odisha. Stone carving is practiced by artisans mainly in Puri, Bhubaneswar and Lalitgiri in the Cuttack district, though some carvings can be found in Khiching in the Mayurbhanj District. Stone carving is one of the major handcrafts of Odisha. The art form primarily consists of custom carved works,[1] with the Sun Temple of Konark and its intricate sculpture and delicate carvings on the red vivid sandstone exemplifying the practice. Other noteworthy monuments include the Stupas of Udayagiri and Ratnagiri and the temples at Jagannath, Lingaraj, Mukteshwar and as well as other temples in the region.
Stones[edit | edit source]
Sandstone, soapstone, serpentinite, Makrana marble, and granite were used in Konark stone carving.[2] Skillful artists may use the soft, white soapstone, khadipathara, or the slightly harder greenish chlorite or kochilapathara. Rocks such as the pinkish khandolite, sahanapathara or baulapathara and the hardest of all, black granite and muguni pathara are commonly used.
Procedure[edit | edit source]
An outline of sorts is first drawn on the cut-to-size stone. Once the outline is engraved, the final figure is brought out by removing the unwanted portions. For the harder stones, this is done by chiseling out the extra material. With softer stones, it is done by scraping out the extra material with a sharp flat-edged iron tool. Hammers and chisels of various sizes are used (e.g., the muna, patili, martual, thuk-thuki and nitana).
Products[edit | edit source]
Subjects are often traditional images, including mythological figures. Utilitarian items like candle stands, pen stands, paperweights, bookends, lamp bases and stoneware utensils are also created. Turning and polishing with a wooden lathe called Kunda, the craftsmen produce beautiful polished plates (thali), containers (gina, pathuri), cups and glasses. These are used for pujas, ritual worships and for daily eating. Stoneware containers are particularly good for storing curd as they do not react to acid. They are also filled with water and used for holding the legs of wooden almirahs to keep out the ants.[3]
Gallery[edit | edit source]
-
Loving Maithuna Sculpture - 13th century Eastern ganga dynasty -
Sculpture art from Odisha -
Chamunda 8th century CE at Odisha State Museum, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India -
Sculpture of Alasa Kanya at Vaital Deul, Bhubaneswar
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Stone carving in Orissa". Incredible Odisha. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ↑ "Stone Carving". Orupa. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ↑ "Stone Carving". Odisha Tourism. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
