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| blank1_info_sec1        = [[Jangipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jangipur]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = [[Jangipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jangipur]]
| blank2_name_sec1        = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_name_sec1        = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1        = [[Jangipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jangipur]]
| blank2_info_sec1        = [[Jangipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jangipur]]
| website                = {{URL|http://jangipurmunicipality.org/}}  
| website                = {{URL|http://jangipurmunicipality.org/}}  
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| footnotes              = {{URL|http://murshidabad.nic.in/}}
| footnotes              = {{URL|https://murshidabad.nic.in/}}
}}
}}


'''Jangipur''' is a city and a municipality in [[Murshidabad district]] in the state of [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. It is the headquarters of the [[Jangipur subdivision]]. It is situated on the banks of the [[Bhagirathi]]. The city is said to have been founded by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Jahangir]] which it is also known as Jahangirpur. During the early years of British rule (when it was known as Jungipoor) it was an important centre of the Silk Trade and the site of [[British East India Company|East India Company's]] commercial residencies.<ref>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Jangipur |volume=15 |page=150 |inline=1}}</ref> In 1858, [[Sir William Herschel, 2nd Baronet|W. J. Herschel]], while serving as Magistrate, began the use of [[fingerprint]]s for identification on contracts.
'''Jangipur''' is a city and a municipality in [[Murshidabad district]] in the state of [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. It is the headquarters of the [[Jangipur subdivision]]. It is situated on the banks of the [[Bhagirathi]]. Jangipur is an old town having reference from the historical period of Moghul emperor Jahangir when an army camp was established here.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to jangipurmunicipality.org |url=http://jangipurmunicipality.org/Default.aspx?PageId=71 |access-date=2022-05-14 |website=jangipurmunicipality.org}}</ref>
==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=400| height=550| zoom=11
| coord={{coord|24|26|0|N|88|6|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities, towns and locations in the southern portion of Jangipur subdivision, Murshidabad district (including Suti I, Raghunathganj I, Raghunathganj II, Sagardighi CD blocks)'''<br/> M: municipal town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, F: Facility<br/>Abbreviation- TPS: Thermal Power Station, AMU: Aligarh Muslim University<br/>Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|24|33|50|N|88|3|18|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Ramakantapur | numbered1=CT| mark-title1=[[Ramakantapur]] (CT)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|24|31|52|N|88|4|6|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2= Fatellapur| numbered2=CT| mark-title2=[[Fatellapur]] (CT)
|mark-coord3={{coord|24|34|8|N|88|2|13|E}} | label-pos3=left|label3= Madna| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[Madna, West Bengal]] (CT)
|mark-coord4={{coord|24|33|0|N|88|3|46|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= Nayabahadurpur| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[Nayabahadurpur]] (CT)
|mark-coord5={{coord|24|28|2|N|88|2|2|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Ghorsala| numbered5=CT| mark-title5=[[Ghorsala]] (CT)
|mark-coord6={{coord|24|27|36|N|88|3|0|E}} | label-pos6= bottom|label6= Srikantabati| numbered6=CT| mark-title6=[[Srikantabati]] (CT)
|mark-coord7={{coord|24|27|0|N|88|4|45|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Charka| numbered7=CT| mark-title7=[[Charka, Jangipur]] (CT)
|mark-coord8={{coord|24|26|35|N|88|6|9|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Dafarpur| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=[[Dafarpur]] (CT)
|mark-coord9={{coord|24|26|9|N|88|6|24|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Ramnagar| numbered9=CT| mark-title9=[[Ramnagar, Murshidabad]] (CT)
|mark-coord10={{coord|24|24|27|N|88|4|4|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Mirzapur| numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[Mirzapur, Murshidabad]] (CT)
|mark-coord11={{coord|24|30|30|N|88|4|36|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Giria| numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[Giria, India]] (CT)
|mark-coord12={{coord|24|29|11|N|88|4|57|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12= Mithipur| numbered12=CT| mark-title12=[[Mithipur]] (CT)
|mark-coord13={{coord|24|28|20|N|88|5|37|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13= Jot Kamal| numbered13=CT| mark-title13=[[Jot Kamal]] (CT)
|mark-coord14={{coord|24|27|54|N|88|5|44|E}} | label-pos14=left|label14= Osmanpur| numbered14=CT| mark-title14=[[Osmanpur]] (CT)
|mark-coord15={{coord|24|0|36|N|88|28|36|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15= Sahajadpur| numbered15=CT| mark-title15=[[Sahajadpur]] (CT)
|mark-coord16={{coord|24|27|45|N|88|6|27|E}} | label-pos16=right|label16= Khodarampur| numbered16=CT| mark-title16=[[Khodarampur]] (CT)
|mark-coord17={{coord|24|27|21|N|88|7|22|E}} | label-pos17=right|label17= Donalia| numbered17=CT| mark-title17=[[Donalia]] (CT)
|mark-coord18={{coord|24|26|55|N|88|7|53|E}} | label-pos18=right|label18= Teghari| numbered18=CT| mark-title18=[[Teghari, Murshidabad]] (CT)
|mark-coord19={{coord|24|26|26|N|88|9|9|E}} | label-pos19=right|label19= Krishna Sali| numbered19=CT| mark-title19=[[Krishna Sali]] (CT)
|mark-coord20={{coord|24|26|0|N|88|10|32|E}} | label-pos20=bottom|label20= Bara Jumla| numbered20=CT| mark-title20=[[Bara Jumla]] (CT)
|mark-coord21={{coord|24|31|6|N|88|2|38|E}} | label-pos21=right|label21= AMU: Murshidabad Centre| numbered21=F| mark-title21= [[Aligarh Muslim University: Murshidabad Centre]] (F) |shape-color21=#967117
|mark-coord22={{coord|24|22|9|N|88|6|22|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22= Sagardighi TPS| numbered22=F| mark-title22= [[Sagardighi Thermal Power Station]] (F) |shape-color22=#967117
|mark-coord23={{coord|24|28|18|N|88|6|11|E}} | label-pos23=right|label23= Jangipur| numbered23=M| mark-title23=Jangipur, Murshidabad (M) |shape-color23=black| label-size23=13|label-color23=black <!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors -->
|mark-coord24={{coord|24|31|5|N|88|1|12|E}} | label-pos24=left|label24= Ahiran|  numbered24=R| mark-title24= [[Ahiran]] (R) |shape-color24=#C40000
|mark-coord25={{coord|24|29|24|N|87|59|40|E}} | label-pos25=right|label25= Bansabati|  numbered25=R| mark-title25= [[Bansabati]] (R) |shape-color25=#C40000
|mark-coord26={{coord|24|31|32|N|87|59|23|E}} | label-pos26=right|label26= Harua|  numbered26=R| mark-title26= [[Harua]] (R) |shape-color26=#C40000
|mark-coord27={{coord|24|21|33|N|88|6|51|E}} | label-pos27=right|label27= Manigram|  numbered27=R| mark-title27= [[Manigram]] (R) |shape-color27=#C40000
|mark-coord28={{coord|24|18|20|N|88|1|48|E}} | label-pos28=right|label28= Morgram|  numbered28=R| mark-title28= [[Morgram]] (R) |shape-color28=#C40000
|mark-coord29={{coord|24|28|14|N|88|2|58|E}} | label-pos29=top|label29= Raghunathganj| numbered29=R| mark-title29= [[Raghunathganj]] (R) |shape-color29=#C40000
|mark-coord30={{coord|24|33|0|N|88|2|1|E}} | label-pos30=top|label30= Sadikpur|  numbered30=R| mark-title30= [[Sadikpur, Murshidabad]] (R) |shape-color30=#C40000
|mark-coord31={{coord|24|17|50|N|88|5|5|E}} | label-pos31=right|label31= Sagardighi|  numbered31=R| mark-title31= [[Sagardighi, Murshidabad]] (R) |shape-color31=#C40000
|mark-coord32={{coord|24|17|38|N|88|11|9|E}} | label-pos32=right|label32= Nurpur|  numbered32=R| mark-title32= [[Nurpur, Murshidabad]] (R) |shape-color32=#C40000
|mark-coord33={{coord|24|25|56|N|88|5|4|E}} | label-pos33=left|label33= Rajnagar|  numbered33=R| mark-title33= [[Rajnagar, Murshidabad]] (R) |shape-color33=#C40000
|mark-coord34={{coord|24|34|0|N|88|9|0|E}} | label34= Padma River| label-color34 = #77A1CB| label-angle34= 80| label-pos34=right| label-size34=10| mark-size34=0| mark-title34 =none
|mark-coord35={{coord|24|35|0|N|87|58|20|E}} | label35= Farakka Feeder Canal | label-color35 = #77A1CB| label-angle35= 43| label-pos35=right| label-size35=10| mark-size35=0| mark-title35 =none
|mark-coord36={{coord|24|33|20|N|87|58|40|E}}| label36=Bansloi River| label-color36 = #77A1CB| label-angle36= 30| label-pos36=right| label-size36=10| mark-size36=0| mark-title36 =none
|mark-coord37={{coord|24|23|0|N|88|9|0|E}} | label37= Bhagirathi River| label-color37 = #77A1CB| label-angle37= 40| label-pos37=right| label-size37=10| mark-size37=0| mark-title37 =none
|mark-coord38={{coord|24|20|57|N|88|4|23|E}} | label-pos38= left|label38=Kherur Mosque| numbered38=H| mark-title38= [[Kherur Mosque]] (H)| shape-color38=#AA6666
|arc-coordA={{coord|24|35|0|N|88|10|0|E}}|arc-textA= BANGLADESH| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=50| arc-gapA=4.0| arc-radiusA=0.35}}


==Geography==      
===Location===
Jangipur is located at {{Coord|24.4691|N|88.1032|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Jangipur.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jangipur]</ref> It has an average elevation of 11&nbsp;metres (36&nbsp;[[foot (length)|feet]]).
Jangipur is located at {{Coord|24.4691|N|88.1032|E|}}.<ref>[https://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Jangipur.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jangipur]</ref> It has an average elevation of 11&nbsp;metres (36&nbsp;[[foot (length)|feet]]).


===Jangipur Barrage===
===Jangipur Barrage===
There is a 213 m long barrage across the Bhagirathi at Jangipur.<ref>{{cite web | url =  http://wrmin.nic.in/writereaddata/Publications/anu141200246187.pdf| title = Chapter 14: Farakka Barrage Project | publisher = Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India  |access-date =  3 September 2017}}</ref>
There is a 1&nbsp;km long barrage across the Bhagirathi at Jangipur.<ref>{{cite web | url =  http://wrmin.nic.in/writereaddata/Publications/anu141200246187.pdf| title = Chapter 14: Farakka Barrage Project | publisher = Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India  |access-date =  3 September 2017}}</ref>
 
===Area overview===
Jangipur subdivision is crowded with 52 [[census towns]] and as such it had to be presented in two location maps. One of the maps can be seen alongside. The subdivision is located in the [[Rarh region]] that is spread over from adjoining [[Santhal Pargana division]] of [[Jharkhand]]. The land is slightly higher in altitude than the surrounding plains and is gently undulating.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Physiography, Page 13 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 24 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url= http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#2 | title= Murshidabad | work= Geography | publisher= Murshidabad district authorities | access-date= 24 July 2017 | archive-date= 29 August 2017 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170829154116/http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#2 | url-status= dead }}</ref> The river [[Ganges]], along with its distributaries, is prominent in both the maps. At the head of the subdivision is the 2,245 m long [[Farakka Barrage]], one of the largest projects of its kind in the country.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://fbp.gov.in/ | title = Farakka Barrage Project | publisher = FBP | access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref> Murshidabad district shares with Bangladesh a porous international border which is notoriously crime prone (partly shown in this map).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://edgeofhumanity.com/2020/12/27/child-labor-illnesses-lost-childhoods-indias-tobacco-industry/ |title = Child labour, illness & lost childhoods, India's tobacco industry  |date = 27 December 2020 |publisher= Edge of Humanity Magazine, 27 December 2020| access-date = 13 July 2021}}</ref> The subdivision has two large power plants - the 2,100 MW [[Farakka Super Thermal Power Station]] and the 1,600 MW [[Sagardighi Thermal Power Station]].<ref>{{cite web | url= http://ntpc.co.in/power-generation/coal-based-power-stations/farakka | title= Power Generation | work= Farakka | publisher= NTPC | access-date= 7 August 2016 | archive-date= 30 October 2016 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161030030445/http://www.ntpc.co.in/power-generation/coal-based-power-stations/farakka | url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpdcl.co.in/wbpdcl/sagardighipowerstation.html | title = The West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited | work = Sagardighi Thermal Power Project | publisher = WBPDCL | access-date = 15 August 2017 | archive-date = 23 August 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170823115439/http://www.wbpdcl.co.in/wbpdcl/sagardighipowerstation.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> According to a 2016 report, there are around 1,000,000 (1 million/ ten lakh) workers engaged in the [[beedi]] industry in Jangipur subdivision. 90% are home-based and 70% of the home-based workers are women.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/28080/6/06_chapter%201.pdf| title = Child workers in household industry: a study of beedi industry in Murshidabad district of West Bengal | first= Sunirmal| last= Kar| work = Viswa Bharati University thesis, page 5 | publisher = Shodhganga | access-date = 28 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.thestatesman.com/features/the-poor-man-s-cigarette-1485045757.html | title = The 'Poor man's cigarette' | work = Gurvinder Singh | date = 22 January 2017 | publisher = The Statesman, 22 January 2017 | access-date = 28 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/Beedi-workers-of-Jangipur-hold-key/article16588097.ece#! | title = Beedi workers of Jangipur hold key | work = Indrani Dutta | date = 30 April 2009 | publisher = The Hindu, 1 May 2009 | access-date = 28 August 2017}}</ref> As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the [[Ganges]] alone in Murshidabad district. [[River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts|Severe erosion]] occurs along the banks.<ref name="erosion1">{{cite web | url = http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf | title = Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal | work = Swati Mollah | publisher = Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013 | access-date = 5 September 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170820073737/http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf | archive-date = 20 August 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
 
<small>Note: The two maps present some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the maps are linked in the larger full screen maps.</small>
 
== History ==
The city is said to have been founded by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Jahangir]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ray |first=B. |title=District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 1961 |publisher=The superintendent, Government Printing, West Bengal |location=Calcutta |pages=111}}</ref> During Moghul period, it was known as Jahangirpur and an army camp was established in this place. During the early years of British rule (then it was known as Jungypore, Jungypoor etc) it was an important centre of the Silk Trade and the site of [[British East India Company|East India Company's]] commercial residencies.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sherer |first=Moyle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1NcRAAAAYAAJ&dq=jungypore&pg=PA169 |title=Sketches of India |date=1821 |publisher=Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ray |first=B. |title=District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 1961 |publisher=The superintendent, Government Printing, West Bengal |location=Calcutta |pages=111}}</ref> The Jungypore silk was very famous during that time period.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Affairs of the East India Company: Minutes of evidence, 29 April 1830 {{!}} British History Online |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/lords-jrnl/vol62/pp1044-1050 |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk}}</ref> It was also an important centre of indigo cultivation during the later years of Company rule.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t0MTCfTz_OoC&dq=jungypoor+indigo&pg=RA1-PA217 |title=The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India, China, and Australia |date=1838 |publisher=Parbury, Allen, and Company |language=en}}</ref> In the early twentieth century, it was best known as the toll station for registering all the traffic on the Bhagirathi.<ref>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Jangipur |volume=15 |page=150 |inline=1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Andrew |first=sir William Patrick |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4hkEAAAAQAAJ&q=Jungypore |title=Indian railways, by an old Indian postmaster [sir W.P. Andrew]. |date=1848 |language=en}}</ref> But  now the trade and traffic has fallen and much of the town has been swept away by the river [[Bhagirathi River|Bhagirathi]].
 
The subdivisional courts and offices formerly stood on the east bank of the Bhagirathi, and were moved to the west bank in consequence of the encroachments of the river. This quarter of the town is called [[Raghunathganj]] and is within municipal limits.
 
Here there is an old mosque with an inscription saying that it was built by Saiyad Kasim and containing a chronogram, which gives 1075 A. H., or 1664 A. D., as the date.
 
Sir Ashley Eden, Lieutenant Governor of Bengal from 1877 to 1882, was once stationed at Jangipur and transferred the subdivisional headquarters there from Aurangabad in 1856.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ray |first=B. |title=District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 1961 |publisher=The superintendent, Government Printing, West Bengal |location=Calcutta |pages=112}}</ref>
 
North of Jangipur is [[Giria, India|Giria]], where two important battles were fought. One between [[Alivardi Khan]] and [[Sarfaraz Khan]] on April 29, 1740, and the other between the English under Major Adams and the troop of [[Mir Qasim]] in 1763.
 
In 1858, [[Sir William Herschel, 2nd Baronet|W. J. Herschel]], while serving as Magistrate at Jangipur,  first began the use of [[fingerprint]]s for identification at the beginning of a road building project when he made a supplier named Rajyadhar Konai sign the contract with the impression of his right hand.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sarkar |first=Abhishek |date=2021-01-25 |title=Origins of Fingerprint Classification in Bengal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348778064 |journal= |quote="In July 1858, at the beginning of a road-building project in Jangipur (now in Murshidabad district of West Bengal), Herschel almost serendipitously made a supplier named Rajyadhar Konai sign the contract with the impression of his right hand. This was the beginning of Herschel’s life-long fascination with fingerprints"}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
Line 73: Line 135:
{{see also|List of cities in West Bengal}}
{{see also|List of cities in West Bengal}}


{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Jangipur had a population of 74,464. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Jangipur has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 68%, and female literacy is 56%. In Jangipur, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Jangipur had a population of 74,464. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Jangipur has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 68%, and female literacy is 56%. In Jangipur, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.


==Infrastructure==
==Infrastructure==
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Murshidabad'',  2011, Jangipur covered an area of 8.2&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. The protected water-supply involved overhead tank etc. It had 6,968 domestic electric connections. Among the medical facilities it had 1 hospital (with 250 beds), 3 charitable hospitals/ nursing homes, 100 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities, it had 57 primary schools, 6 middle schools, 5 secondary schools, 5 senior secondary schools, 1 general degree college. It had  46  non-formal education centres (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan). Among the social, recreational & cultural facilities it had 1 working women’s hostel, 1 stadium, 1 cinema theatre, 1 auditorium/ community hall, 3 public libraries, 3 reading rooms. It produced [[beedi]], napkins. It had the branch offices of 7 nationalised banks, 1 private commercial bank, 1 cooperative bank.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title =  District Census Handbook Murshidabad, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 981-987: Statement I: Growth History, Pages 990-993: Statement III: Civic & Other Amenities, Pages 993-995: Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 995-1001 Section V: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities; Pages 1 001- 1002: Statement VI: Industry & Banking  | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal  |access-date =  26 June 2021}}</ref>
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Murshidabad'',  2011, Jangipur covered an area of 8.2&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. The protected water-supply involved overhead tank etc. It had 6,968 domestic electric connections. Among the medical facilities it had 1 hospital (with 250 beds), 3 charitable hospitals/ nursing homes, 100 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities, it had 57 primary schools, 6 middle schools, 5 secondary schools, 5 senior secondary schools, 1 general degree college. It had  46  non-formal education centres (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan). Among the social, recreational & cultural facilities it had 1 working women's hostel, 1 stadium, 1 cinema theatre, 1 auditorium/ community hall, 3 public libraries, 3 reading rooms. It produced [[beedi]], napkins. It had the branch offices of 7 nationalised banks, 1 private commercial bank, 1 cooperative bank.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title =  District Census Handbook Murshidabad, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 981-987: Statement I: Growth History, Pages 990-993: Statement III: Civic & Other Amenities, Pages 993-995: Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 995-1001 Section V: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities; Pages 1 001- 1002: Statement VI: Industry & Banking  | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal  |access-date =  26 June 2021}}</ref>


== Transport ==
== Transport ==
Line 82: Line 144:


==Education==
==Education==
[[Jangipur College]] was established in 1950 at Jangipur. Affiliated to the [[University of Kalyani]] it offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, geography, philosophy, political science, economics, physics, chemistry, mathematics, botany, zoology and accountancy. From 2016-17, it is offering post-graduate courses in Bengali, English, history and education in distance mode.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.jangipurcollege.in/ | title = Jangipur College | publisher = JC  |access-date =  12 September 2017}}</ref> There is a Management Development Institute of Murshidabad which is optional from 2014.This was inaugurated by then Indian President Shri Pranab Mukherjee.This institute is one of the premier educational institution of India.
[[Jangipur College]] was established in 1950 at Jangipur. Affiliated to the [[University of Kalyani]] it offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, geography, philosophy, political science, economics, physics, chemistry, mathematics, botany, zoology and accountancy. From 2016 to 2017, it is offering post-graduate courses in Bengali, English, history and education in distance mode.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.jangipurcollege.in/ | title = Jangipur College | publisher = JC  |access-date =  12 September 2017}}</ref> There is a Management Development Institute of Murshidabad which is operational from 2014.This was inaugurated by then Indian President Shri Pranab Mukherjee.This institute is one of the premier educational institution of India.
 
*[[Mahasweta Devi]] Memorial Academy in 2018.
 
*[[Jangipur Government Polytechnic]] (2015), recognized by the [[All India Council for Technical Education]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Affiliated Polytechnic with the West Bengal State Council of Technical Education |url=http://wbscte.net/info/list-of-politichnic.html |access-date=10 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627082310/http://wbscte.net/info/list-of-politichnic.html |archive-date=27 June 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


== Healthcare ==
== Healthcare ==
Jangipur Subdivisional Hospital at Jangipur functions with 250 beds.<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal |access-date = 6 July 2021}}</ref>
Jangipur Subdivisional Hospital at Jangipur functions with 250 beds.<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 6 July 2021 | archive-date = 28 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211028134305/https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-99a499ee367f0c1530476c81086270c8 | url-status = dead }}</ref>


Jangipur Superspeciality Hospital is functional.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://murshidabad.gov.in/public-utility-category/hospitals/ | title = Hospitals | work = Jangipur Super Speciality Hospital | publisher = Murshidabad district administration  | accessdate =  6 July 2021}}</ref>
Jangipur Superspeciality Hospital is functional.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://murshidabad.gov.in/public-utility-category/hospitals/ | title = Hospitals | work = Jangipur Super Speciality Hospital | publisher = Murshidabad district administration  | accessdate =  6 July 2021}}</ref>
==Notable residents==
*[[Sarat Chandra Pandit]]
*[[Md. Sohrab]]


==References==
==References==
Line 96: Line 165:


[[Category:Cities and towns in Murshidabad district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Murshidabad district]]
[[Category:Cities in West Bengal]]

Revision as of 19:21, 22 March 2026

For other uses, see Jangipur.
Jangipur
Jahangirpur
City
Jangipur Road railway station
Jangipur Road railway station
Location in West Bengal, India
Jangipur is located in India
Jangipur
Jangipur
Jangipur (India)
Coordinates: 24°28′09″N 88°06′12″E / 24.4691°N 88.1032°E / 24.4691; 88.1032
Country India
StateWest Bengal
DistrictMurshidabad
Jangipur Municipality (JM)1869
Government
 • TypeMunicipality
 • BodyJangipur Municipality
 • Administrative DivisionMalda
Area
[1]
 • City8.20 km2 (3.17 sq mi)
Elevation
11 m (36 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • City88,165
 • Density11,000/km2 (28,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
122,875
Languages
 • OfficialBengali, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 codeIN-WB
Lok Sabha constituencyJangipur
Vidhan Sabha constituencyJangipur
Websitejangipurmunicipality.org
murshidabad.nic.in

Jangipur is a city and a municipality in Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is the headquarters of the Jangipur subdivision. It is situated on the banks of the Bhagirathi. Jangipur is an old town having reference from the historical period of Moghul emperor Jahangir when an army camp was established here.[2]

Geography

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Location

Jangipur is located at 24°28′09″N 88°06′12″E / 24.4691°N 88.1032°E / 24.4691; 88.1032.[3] It has an average elevation of 11 metres (36 feet).

Jangipur Barrage

There is a 1 km long barrage across the Bhagirathi at Jangipur.[4]

Area overview

Jangipur subdivision is crowded with 52 census towns and as such it had to be presented in two location maps. One of the maps can be seen alongside. The subdivision is located in the Rarh region that is spread over from adjoining Santhal Pargana division of Jharkhand. The land is slightly higher in altitude than the surrounding plains and is gently undulating.[5][6] The river Ganges, along with its distributaries, is prominent in both the maps. At the head of the subdivision is the 2,245 m long Farakka Barrage, one of the largest projects of its kind in the country.[7] Murshidabad district shares with Bangladesh a porous international border which is notoriously crime prone (partly shown in this map).[8] The subdivision has two large power plants - the 2,100 MW Farakka Super Thermal Power Station and the 1,600 MW Sagardighi Thermal Power Station.[9][10] According to a 2016 report, there are around 1,000,000 (1 million/ ten lakh) workers engaged in the beedi industry in Jangipur subdivision. 90% are home-based and 70% of the home-based workers are women.[11][12][13] As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the Ganges alone in Murshidabad district. Severe erosion occurs along the banks.[14]

Note: The two maps present some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the maps are linked in the larger full screen maps.

History

The city is said to have been founded by the Mughal emperor Jahangir.[15] During Moghul period, it was known as Jahangirpur and an army camp was established in this place. During the early years of British rule (then it was known as Jungypore, Jungypoor etc) it was an important centre of the Silk Trade and the site of East India Company's commercial residencies.[16][17] The Jungypore silk was very famous during that time period.[18] It was also an important centre of indigo cultivation during the later years of Company rule.[19] In the early twentieth century, it was best known as the toll station for registering all the traffic on the Bhagirathi.[20][21] But now the trade and traffic has fallen and much of the town has been swept away by the river Bhagirathi.

The subdivisional courts and offices formerly stood on the east bank of the Bhagirathi, and were moved to the west bank in consequence of the encroachments of the river. This quarter of the town is called Raghunathganj and is within municipal limits.

Here there is an old mosque with an inscription saying that it was built by Saiyad Kasim and containing a chronogram, which gives 1075 A. H., or 1664 A. D., as the date.

Sir Ashley Eden, Lieutenant Governor of Bengal from 1877 to 1882, was once stationed at Jangipur and transferred the subdivisional headquarters there from Aurangabad in 1856.[22]

North of Jangipur is Giria, where two important battles were fought. One between Alivardi Khan and Sarfaraz Khan on April 29, 1740, and the other between the English under Major Adams and the troop of Mir Qasim in 1763.

In 1858, W. J. Herschel, while serving as Magistrate at Jangipur, first began the use of fingerprints for identification at the beginning of a road building project when he made a supplier named Rajyadhar Konai sign the contract with the impression of his right hand.[23]

Demographics

In the 2011 census, Jangipur Urban Agglomeration had a population of 122,875, out of which 62,734 were males and 60,141 were females. The 0–6 years population was 16,299. Effective literacy rate for the 7+ population was 75.71 per cent.[24]

See also: List of cities in West Bengal

As of 2001 India census,[25] Jangipur had a population of 74,464. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Jangipur has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 68%, and female literacy is 56%. In Jangipur, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Jangipur covered an area of 8.2 km2. The protected water-supply involved overhead tank etc. It had 6,968 domestic electric connections. Among the medical facilities it had 1 hospital (with 250 beds), 3 charitable hospitals/ nursing homes, 100 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities, it had 57 primary schools, 6 middle schools, 5 secondary schools, 5 senior secondary schools, 1 general degree college. It had 46 non-formal education centres (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan). Among the social, recreational & cultural facilities it had 1 working women's hostel, 1 stadium, 1 cinema theatre, 1 auditorium/ community hall, 3 public libraries, 3 reading rooms. It produced beedi, napkins. It had the branch offices of 7 nationalised banks, 1 private commercial bank, 1 cooperative bank.[26]

Transport

Jangipur is well connected with Kolkata and district headquarter Baharampur via NH 34. A railway station, (In Azimganj - Farakka line) Jangipur Road railway station is situated in Raghunathganj. Many express and passengers trains pass regularly over the city. Raghunathganj is a twin town of Jangipur opposite of the Bhagirathi River.

Education

Jangipur College was established in 1950 at Jangipur. Affiliated to the University of Kalyani it offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, geography, philosophy, political science, economics, physics, chemistry, mathematics, botany, zoology and accountancy. From 2016 to 2017, it is offering post-graduate courses in Bengali, English, history and education in distance mode.[27] There is a Management Development Institute of Murshidabad which is operational from 2014.This was inaugurated by then Indian President Shri Pranab Mukherjee.This institute is one of the premier educational institution of India.

Healthcare

Jangipur Subdivisional Hospital at Jangipur functions with 250 beds.[29]

Jangipur Superspeciality Hospital is functional.[30]

Notable residents

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Jangipur City".
  2. ↑ "Welcome to jangipurmunicipality.org". jangipurmunicipality.org. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  3. ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jangipur
  4. ↑ "Chapter 14: Farakka Barrage Project" (PDF). Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  5. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Physiography, Page 13. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  6. ↑ "Murshidabad". Geography. Murshidabad district authorities. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  7. ↑ "Farakka Barrage Project". FBP. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  8. ↑ "Child labour, illness & lost childhoods, India's tobacco industry". Edge of Humanity Magazine, 27 December 2020. 27 December 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
  9. ↑ "Power Generation". Farakka. NTPC. Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
  10. ↑ "The West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited". Sagardighi Thermal Power Project. WBPDCL. Archived from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  11. ↑ Kar, Sunirmal. "Child workers in household industry: a study of beedi industry in Murshidabad district of West Bengal" (PDF). Viswa Bharati University thesis, page 5. Shodhganga. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  12. ↑ "The 'Poor man's cigarette'". Gurvinder Singh. The Statesman, 22 January 2017. 22 January 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  13. ↑ "Beedi workers of Jangipur hold key". Indrani Dutta. The Hindu, 1 May 2009. 30 April 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  14. ↑ "Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal" (PDF). Swati Mollah. Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
  15. ↑ Ray, B. District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 1961. Calcutta: The superintendent, Government Printing, West Bengal. p. 111.
  16. ↑ Sherer, Moyle (1821). Sketches of India. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown.
  17. ↑ Ray, B. District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 1961. Calcutta: The superintendent, Government Printing, West Bengal. p. 111.
  18. ↑ "Affairs of the East India Company: Minutes of evidence, 29 April 1830 | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  19. ↑ The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India, China, and Australia. Parbury, Allen, and Company. 1838.
  20. ↑  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Jangipur". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 150.
  21. ↑ Andrew, sir William Patrick (1848). Indian railways, by an old Indian postmaster [sir W.P. Andrew].
  22. ↑ Ray, B. District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 1961. Calcutta: The superintendent, Government Printing, West Bengal. p. 112.
  23. ↑ Sarkar, Abhishek (25 January 2021). "Origins of Fingerprint Classification in Bengal". In July 1858, at the beginning of a road-building project in Jangipur (now in Murshidabad district of West Bengal), Herschel almost serendipitously made a supplier named Rajyadhar Konai sign the contract with the impression of his right hand. This was the beginning of Herschel's life-long fascination with fingerprints {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  24. ↑ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  25. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  26. ↑ "District Census Handbook Murshidabad, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Section II Town Directory, Pages 981-987: Statement I: Growth History, Pages 990-993: Statement III: Civic & Other Amenities, Pages 993-995: Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 995-1001 Section V: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities; Pages 1 001- 1002: Statement VI: Industry & Banking. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  27. ↑ "Jangipur College". JC. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  28. ↑ "Affiliated Polytechnic with the West Bengal State Council of Technical Education". Archived from the original on 27 June 2017. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  29. ↑ "Health & Family Welfare Department". Health Statistics. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  30. ↑ "Hospitals". Jangipur Super Speciality Hospital. Murshidabad district administration. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
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