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Banaras Hindu University
Hindi: Kashi Hindu Vishwavidyalaya
	Seal of the University
Other names	BHU
Former name	Central Hindu College
Motto	IAST: Vidyayā'mritamașnute
Motto in English	"Knowledge imparts immortality"
Type	Public research university
Established	4 February 1916; 110 years ago
Founders	Madan Mohan Malaviya; Annie Besant; Rameshwar Singh; Prabhu Narayan Singh; Sunder Lal;
Academic affiliations	AIU; UGC; ICAR;
Budget	₹18,087,557,399 (US$250 million)
Chancellor	Giridhar Malaviya
Vice-Chancellor	Sudhir K. Jain
Students	30,698
Undergraduates	15,746
Postgraduates	7,557
Doctoral students	4,555
Location	Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India; 25°16′04″N 82°59′21″E / 25.2677°N 82.9891°E
Campus	Urban
Language	Hindi, English
Anthem	Kulgeet - Madhur Manohar
Colours	BHU Saffron, BHU Blue, BHU Grey/Silver
Mascot	Goddess Saraswati
Website	bhu.ac.in
	File:Logo of the Banaras Hindu University.png

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Banaras Hindu UniversityTemplate:Pronunciation (BHU) (IAST: kāśī hindū viśvavidyālaya IPA: /kaːʃiː hɪnd̪uː ʋɪʃwəʋid̪jaːləj/) is a collegiate, central, and research university located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, and founded in 1916. The university incorporated the Central Hindu College, founded by Indian Home Rule-leaguer and Theosophist, Annie Besant in 1898.^[6]^[7] After Besant and her associates were marginalized,^[8] the university was established by Madan Mohan Malaviya with the financial support of the maharaja of Dharbhanga Rameshwar Singh, the maharaja of Benares Prabhu Narayan Singh, and the lawyer Sunder Lal. With over 30,000 students, and 18,000 residing on campus, BHU is the largest residential university in Asia.^[9]^[10] The university is one of the eight public institutions declared as an Institute of Eminence by the Government of India.^[11]^[12]

BHU has often been referred by different names throughout the history and present. Some of the English names include Banaras University,^[13]^[14] Benares Hindu University, and Hindu University.^[15]

The university's main campus, spread over 1,370 acres (5.5 km²), was built on land donated by the Kashi Naresh Prabhu Narayan Singh, the hereditary ruler of Banaras ("Kashi" being an alternative name for Banaras or Varanasi). The south campus, spread over 2,700 acres (11 km²) is built on land donated later by Maharaj Kumar Aditya Narayan Singh in Sunderpur,^[16] hosts the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Agriculture Science Centre)^[17] and is located in Barkachha in Mirzapur district, about 60 km (37 mi) from Varanasi.^[18]^[19]

BHU is organized into six institutes, 14 faculties (streams) and about 140 departments. As of 2020^[update], the total student enrolment at the university is 30,698^[4]^[20] coming from 48 countries.^[21]^[22] It has over 65 hostels for resident students. Several of its faculties and institutes include Arts, Social Sciences, Commerce, Management Studies, Science, Performing Arts, Law, Agricultural Science, Medical Science, and Environment and Sustainable Development along with departments of Linguistics, Journalism & Mass Communication, among others.^[23] The university's engineering institute was designated as an Indian Institute of Technology in June 2012, and henceforth is Indian Institute of Technology (BHU).^[24]

Centralised in 1916 through the Banaras Hindu University Act, Banaras Hindu University is India's first central university. BHU celebrated its centenary year in 2015–2016.^[25]^[26]

History

The Banaras Hindu University was jointly established by Madan Mohan Malaviya, Annie Besant, Maharaja Rameshwar Singh of Darbhanga Raj and Prabhu Narayan Singh and Aditya Narayan Singh of Narayan dynasty, while the university is the brainchild of Malviya.^[27]^[28]^[29]

At the 21st Conference of the Indian National Congress in Benares in December 1905, Malaviya publicly announced his intent to establish a university in Banaras. Malaviya continued to develop his vision for the university with inputs from other Indian nationalists and educationists. He published his plan in 1911. The focus of his arguments was the prevailing poverty in India and the decline in income of Indians compared to Europeans. The plan called for the focus on technology and science, besides the study of India's religion and culture:^[30]

"The millions mired in poverty here can only get rid (of it) when science is used in their interest. Such maximum application of science is only possible when scientific knowledge is available to Indians in their own country."
-- Madan Mohan Malviya^[30]

Malaviya's plan evaluated whether to seek government recognition for the university or operate without its control. He decided in favour of the former for various reasons. Malaviya also considered the question of medium of instruction and decided to start with English given the prevalent environment, and gradually add Hindi and other Indian languages. A distinguishing characteristic of Malaviya's vision was the preference for a residential university. All other Indian universities of the period, such as the universities in Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, etc., were affiliating universities which only conducted examinations and awarded degrees to students of their affiliated colleges.^[31] Malaviya had supported Annie Besant's cause and in 1903, he had raised 250,000 Rupees in donations to finance the construction of the school's hostel.^[32] In 1907 Besant had applied for a royal charter to establish a university. However, there was no response from the British government.

Following the publication of Malviya's plan, Besant met Malviya and in April 1911 they agreed to unite their forces to build the university in Varanasi ^[33]

Malaviya soon left his legal practice to focus exclusively on developing the university and his independence activities.^[34] On 22 November 1911, he registered the Hindu University Society to gather support and raise funds for building the university.^[35] He spent the next four years gathering support and raising funds for the university. Malaviya sought and received early support from the Kashi Naresh Prabhu Narayan Singh and Rameshwar Singh Bahadur of Raj Darbhanga.^[31] Thakur Jadunath Singh of Arkha along with other noble houses of United Provinces contributed for the development of the university.^[36]

On 22 March 1915, then Education Minister Harcourt Butler introduced the Benares Hindu University Bill in the Imperial Legislative Council.^[37] In his speech, he remarked about the university:

My Lord, this is no ordinary occasion. We are watching to-day the birth of a new and, many hope, a better type of University in India. The main features of this University, which distinguish it from existing Universities, will be, first. that it will be a teaching and residential University; secondly, that while it will be open to all castes and creeds, it will insist upon religious instructions for Hindus, and thirdly, that it will be conducted and managed by the Hindu community and almost entirely by non-officials.
— Harcourt Butler 11 March 1915, Imperial Legislative Council, New Delhi, India ^[36]

The Benares Hindu University Bill was passed on 1 October 1915 and assented by the Viceroy and Governor-General of India on the same day.

Founder Mahamana inaugurate literacy day among students

BHU was finally established in 1916, the first university in India that was the result of people's efforts.^[38] The foundation for the main campus of the university was laid by Lord Hardinge, the then Viceroy of India, on Vasant Panchami 4 February 1916.^[33]^[39] To promote the university's expansion, Malviya invited eminent guest speakers such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jagadish Chandra Bose, C. V. Raman, Prafulla Chandra Ray, Sam Higginbottom, Patrick Geddes, and Besant to deliver a series of what are now called The University Extension Lectures between 5–8 February 1916. Gandhi's lecture on the occasion was his first public address in India.^[39]

Sunder Lal was appointed the first Vice-Chancellor, and the university began its academic session^[40] the same month with classes initially held at the Central Hindu School in the Kamachha area, while the campus was being built on over 1,300 acres (5.3 km²) of land donated by the Kashi Naresh on the outskirts of the city. The Nizam of Hyderabad and Berar, Mir Osman Ali Khan, also made a donation for the university.^[41]^[42]^[43]

The university's anthem, called Kulgeet, was composed by university professor and eminent scientist Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar.^[44]

Scrollable image. Commemorative coins released on the centenary year of Banaras Hindu University^[45]

Campus

Main campus

Banaras Hindu University's main campus is located on the southern edge of Varanasi, near the banks of the river Ganges. Development of the main campus, spread over 1,370 acres (5.5 km²),^[46]^[47] started in 1916 on land donated by the then Kashi Naresh Prabhu Narayan Singh. The campus layout approximates a semicircle, with intersecting roads laid out along the radii or in arcs. Buildings built in the first half of the 20th century are fine examples of Indo-Gothic architecture.

The campus has over 65 hostels offering residential accommodation for over 12,000 students.^[48] On-campus housing is also available to a majority of the full-time faculty.

Singh Dwar, the main entrance gate to university campus

The main entrance gate and boundary wall was built on the donation made by Maharaja of Balrampur, Maharaja Pateshvari Prashad Singh, and is named after him as the Singh Dwar (transl. Singh Gate).^[49]

The Sayaji Rao Gaekwad Library is the main library on campus and houses over 1.3 million volumes as of 2011. Completed in 1941, its construction was financed by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda. In addition to the main library, there are three institute libraries, eight faculty libraries and over 25 departmental libraries available to students and staff.

Sir Sunderlal Hospital on the campus is a teaching hospital for the Institute of Medical Sciences. Established in 1926 with 96 beds, it has since been expanded to over 900 beds and is the largest tertiary referral hospital in the region.

The most prominent landmark is the Shri Vishwanath Mandir, located in the centre of the campus. The foundation for this 252 feet (77 m) high complex of seven temples was laid in March 1931, and took almost three decades to complete.^[50]

Established in 1920, Bharat Kala Bhavan is the university museum of the Banaras Hindu University. It is situated inside the main campus of the university with over 100,000 holdings which include artifacts, paintings, philately, textiles, costumes, etc.^[51]^[52]

Scrollable image. Aerial view of the university.

Rajiv Gandhi South Campus

The south campus is located in Barkachha in Mirzapur district,^[16] about 60 km (37 mi) southwest of the main campus. Spread over an area of over 2,700 acres (11 km²), it was transferred as a lease in perpetuity to BHU by the Bharat Mandal Trust in 1979.^[53]^[54]

It hosts the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Agricultural Science Centre), with focus on research in agricultural techniques, agro-forestry and bio-diversity appropriate to the Vindhya Range region.^[55]^[56] The South Campus features a lecture complex, library, student hostels and faculty housing, besides administrative offices.^[57]^[58]

Halls of residence

A hostel in the university — Limbdi hostel in the university

BHU is a fully residential university with a total of 66 hostels^[59] - 41 hostels for male, 21 hostels for female students, and 4 hostels for International students.^[60]^[61]

Hostels in the university are divided among different faculties, institutes, campuses, and colleges catering to their specific demands.^[62] Out of the four separate hostels for international students, two are for boys and the other two for girls.^[60]^[62]

Hostels of the university are named after several historically important figures such as Raja Baldev Das Jugal Kishore Birla, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Rani Laxmibai and M. Visvesvaraya.^[60] Some hostels are named after important rivers of India; 'Triveni' for instance was initially a cluster of three girls' hostels named after rivers Ganga, Yamuna, and Sarasvati; thereby the cluster being called after Triveni Sangam. Later, hostels named after river Godavari and Kaveri were also added to the 'Triveni' block.^[63]

BHU also provides on-campus residence to a substantial number of teaching and non-teaching staff. There are 654 quarters for teaching staff, 688 quarters for non-teaching staff.^[64]

Organisation and administration

Governance

President Murmu, Visitor of the university

The President of India (as of December 2022, Droupadi Murmu) is the visitor of the Banaras Hindu University.^[65]^[66]^[67] The university's formal head is the chancellor (as of December 2022, Giridhar Malaviya), though this is a titular figure, and is not involved with the day-to-day running of the university.^[68] The chancellor is elected by the members of the University Court. The university's chief executive is the Vice-chancellor (as of December 2022, Sudhir K. Jain),^[69] appointed by the President of India on the recommendations of Ministry of Education which, in turn, is based on an open application process.^[70]^[71] All permanent administrative offices of the university are located in the Central Office.^[72]

The Central Office of BHU, which offices all permanent administrative officers of the university. Atop is the BHU flag at what is also known as the Central Registry. — The Central Office of BHU, atop is the BHU flag at what is also known as the Central Registry.

The university is governed as per the procedures laid out in the Banaras Hindu University Act of 1915, and statutes of the university.^[73] The Executive Council is the supreme executive governing body of the university and exercises all the powers on management and administration of the revenue, property, and administrative affairs of the university. The University Court is the supreme advisory body to the Visitor for all matters not otherwise provided for by the Banaras Hindu University Act, and the statutes.^[74]^[75] The Academic Council is the highest academic body of the university and is responsible for the maintenance of standards of instruction, education and examination within the university.^[76] It has the right to advise the Executive Council on all academic matters. The Finance Committee is responsible for recommending financial policies, goals, and budgets.^[77]^[73]

Prof. Jain, the incumbent VC of the university — Prof. Jain, Vice-Chancellor of the university

The BHU Act^[78] has clearly laid out procedure and functions of different administrative bodies of the university. All officers of the university draw their power and responsibilities from the BHU Act of 1915, and statues of the university.^[79]

Office of the Controller of Examinations

University Temple

Shri Vishwanath Mandir has the tallest temple tower in the world.^[80]

The university has a university temple called Shri Vishwanath Mandir also known as Vishwanath Temple located in the center of the campus, primarily dedicated to Lord Shiva along with 8 other temples inside the main temple structure.^[81]^[82]

International Centre

BHU established International Centre, a university department in 2004 to handle all international academic affairs such as foreign students' applications, international collaboration, international alumni outreach.^[83]^[84]^[85]

University Museum

The University Museum, Bharat Kala Bhavan, is an art and archaeological museum on the campus. Established in January 1920, its first chairman was Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore, with his nephew Abanindranath Tagore as the vice-chairman.^[85] The museum was expanded and gained prominence with the efforts of Rai Krishnadasa.^[86] The museum is best known for its collection of Indian paintings, but also includes archaeological artefacts, textiles and costumes, Indian philately as well as literary and archival materials.^[87]^[88] The Alice Boner Gallery was also set up at Bharat Kala Bhavan with the assistance of the Alice Boner Foundation in 1989 to mark the birth centenary of Alice Boner.^[89]^[90]

Krishna killing Aghasura, c. 1760 Malwa painting in University Museum

Banaras Hindu University Press

Established in 1936 with initial funding from Seth Jugal Kishore Birla, formally the Banaras Hindu University Press and Publication Cell, is the university press of BHU. It comprises two entities, namely BHU Press, and the Publication Cell. While the BHU press publishes books, and journals of the university, the Publication Cell looks after the sales aspect.^[91]^[92]^[93] The BHU Press also publishes Vishwa Panchang prepared by the Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vigyan.^[94]^[95]^[96]

Academics

Academic entities in the Banaras Hindu University are divided in several types of units with varying independence and budget. Institutes are a cluster of one or more faculties; faculties are a cluster of one or more departments, departments are specifically dedicated to one subject such as political science, or mathematics, or pottery. The university also has special chairs, inter-disciplinary schools, and special centres.^[97]

Institutes

Banaras Hindu University maintains six institutes:^[98]^[23]

The Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University (IIT-BHU) has its roots in the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IT-BHU). Upon receiving a proposal from the MHRD to convert IT-BHU into an Indian Institutes of Technology, the university's Executive Council approved the change in 2012.^[99]^[100] Today the IIT-BHU functions as an autonomous IIT, with certain powers vested in the BHU. IIT provides courses at UG, PG, and PhD level.^[101]

Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University

The Institute of Science, originally established as the Faculty of Science and later upgraded, provides education in zoology, botany, biochemistry, computer science, geography, mathematics, physics, geology, geophysics , chemistry, statistics.^[102]^[103]^[104] The Institute also publishes the double-blind peer reviewed Journal of Scientific Research.^[105]

Agriculture Fields of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU

Established in 1931 as the Institute of Agricultural Research, the Institute of Agricultural Sciences is one of the premier institutes of agricultural sciences in India.^[106] The institute comprises 11 departments and four auxiliary units and imparts education through undergraduate, postgraduate, special courses, PhD, and diploma programs.^[107]^[108]^[109]

The Institute of Medical Sciences, comprising three faculties and one college, is one of the premier medical institutions in India.^[110]^[111]^[112] The institute provides courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, PhD, and diploma levels.^[113] It also has the Sir Sunderlal Hospital, and a Trauma centre and Super Speciality Hospital^[114]

The Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development (IESD), which aims to develop and advance the knowledge of technology and processes for sustainable development, was started in 2010.^[115] The institute was established in accordance with the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development goal to contribute significantly to the development of appropriate knowledge and competences in the area of sustainable development.^[116]^[117]

Starting as the Department of Management Studies, which was upgraded to Faculty of Management Studies in 1984, IMSt-BHU was finally upgraded into an institute in 2015.^[118] The Institute of Management Studies is the business school of Banaras Hindu University. Among the earliest management schools in India, the institute imparts education at postgraduate and doctoral levels.^[119]^[120]^[121] Alok Kumar Rai, a professor at FMS-BHU is currently the vice-chancellor of the University of Lucknow.^[122]

Faculties

There are nine standalone (which are not under any institute or college) faculties at the Banaras Hindu University:^[123]^[98]^[23]

Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University

Founded in 1898 as the Central Hindu College, the Faculty of Arts is the oldest faculty of the university. It offers courses in History, Culture, Philosophy, Languages, Literature along with various professional and vocational courses. Due to its nature of age, it is also called the 'Mother faculty' of the university.^[124]^[125]^[126]

Established in 1940 as the Department of Commerce, the Faculty of Commerce was fully institutionalized as an independent faculty in 1965.^[127] The FoC offers courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral levels in commerce, financial management, foreign trade, and risk & insurance.^[128]^[129]

Established in 1918 as the Teacher's Training College, the Faculty of Education is based out of the Kamachha Complex (outside main campus).^[130] The FoE provides B.Ed, B.Ed (Special Visual Impairment), M.Ed and Ph.D in education.^[131]

Established in 1922, the Law School offers courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral, and diploma level in law.^[132]

The Faculty of Performing Arts offers undergraduate, postgraduate and doctorate courses in performing arts.^[133] It was founded in 1950 and had several renowned and award-winning artists and musicians as faculty members.^[134]^[135] Faculty of Performing Arts was started by Omkarnath Thakur in 1950. It was initially instituted as a college called "Music and Fine Arts". In 1966, under Govind Malviya and founding principal Omkarnath Thakur, the college was restructured to a faculty, with three departments (Vocal music, Instrumental music and Musicology). The Faculty of Performing Arts claims to have started the first department of Musicology in India headed by musicologist Prem Lata Sharma.^[134]

Faculty building of the university — Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vijnan

Established in 1918, the Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vijnan (SVDV) offers courses at Shastri (undergraduate), Acharya (postgraduate), Vidyavardhi (doctoral) and diploma levels in Hindu, Jain, and Buddhism practices and philosophies.^[136]^[137] The Faculty of Visual Arts offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in applied and visual arts. It was founded in 1916.^[138] It includes five departments: Painting, Applied arts, Plastic arts, Pottery and Ceramics, and Textile designing.^[139]

The Faculty of Social Sciences was bifurcated from the Faculty of Arts in 1971.^[126] It offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Social science and includes the departments of Economics, History, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology.^[140] Other than the departments, there are five centres which carry on the studies in various fields, namely the Centre for the Study of Nepal, Centre for Women's Study and Development, Centre for Integrated Rural Development, Centre for the Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusion Policy and the Malviya Centre for Peace Research. and Special Courses like Master of Personnel Management and Industrial Relations (MPMIR) ^[141]

Colleges and schools

Colleges

Four colleges in Varanasi are admitted to the privileges of the Banaras Hindu University.^[98]^[23]^[142]^[143]

The DAV Post Graduate College is a public, co-ed, research college admitted to the privileges of Banaras Hindu University, which was established in 1938. The DAV PG College is also accredited with A+ rating by NAAC.^[144] There are three public women's colleges: Arya Mahila Post Graduate College, established in 1956;^[145] Vasanta College for Women, which was established in 1913 by Annie Besant;^[146] and Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya, established in 1954.^[147]

Schools

Three schools in Varanasi are run by the Banaras Hindu University School Board:^[148]

Kendriya Vidyalaya BHU situated inside the university campus is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Education, run by the Kendriya Vidyalya Sangathan.^[152]

Inter-disciplinary schools

School of Biotechnology

The School of Biotechnology (SBT) is a center for postgraduate teaching and research under the aegis of Institute of Science of the BHU.^[153]^[154] It was established in 1986 with funding from the Department of Biotechnology,^[155] of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. It offers MSc and PhD programmes in Biotechnology.

The interdisciplinary program involves the partnership between the Institute of Science, the Institute of Medical Sciences and the Indian Institute of Technology at BHU. Notable faculty include Arvind Mohan Kayastha.^[156]

DBT-BHU Interdisciplinary School of Life Sciences

The Interdisciplinary School of Life Sciences (ISLS) is a joint initiative of the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India and the BHU. It was established with a grant of INR 238.9 million from the DBT.^[157]

Research centres

Apart from specialised centres directly funded by DBT, DST, ICAR and ISRO, a large number of departments under the Institutes of Sciences, Engineering & Technology and Faculty of Social Sciences receive funding from the DST Fund for Improvement of Science & Technology Infrastructure (FIST) and the University Grants Commission (UGC) Special Assistance Programme (SAP). UGC SAP provides funds under its Centre of Advanced Study (CAS), Department of Special Assistance (DSA) and Departmental Research Support (DRS) programmes.^[158]

The Centre for Genetic Disorders was established in 2008. This centre is involved in genetic diagnosis and counselling of cases referred from BHU hospital. The centre is engaged in research on various genetic disorders. It offers Ph.D. programmes and a one-year PG diploma course on Chromosomal, Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics.^[159]^[160]

The Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences (CIMS) focuses on research and education in mathematics, modelling and statistics. It was established under the management of the Faculty of Science, with support from the Department of Science and Technology (DST).^[161] The centre imparts post-graduate education and research with participation from the Department of Mathematics, Department of Statistics and Department of Computer Science of the Institute of Science and the Department of Applied Mathematics of the IIT-BHU. It regularly organises training programmes, workshops, seminars, and conferences.

The Centre of Food Science & Technology (CFST) is an inter-disciplinary research centre with collaboration between the Institute of Agricultural Sciences and the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) focusing on food processing technology.^[162] The Center for Environmental Science and Technology (CEST) is an interdisciplinary university research centre at the Faculty of Science. The CEST conducts three-year M.Sc.(Tech) and Ph.D programmes in Environmental Science & Technology. The centre also works to coordinate environmental programmes of the university^[163]

Established by the executive council of the university under the Government of India's Namami Gange Mission, the Malaviya Research Centre for Ganga, River Development & Water Resource Management is dedicated to the study of pollution of the Ganges.^[164] The centre focuses on the study of river basin ecology, hydrology and pollution management, technology development, socio-economic and culture, and data management.^[165] The centre provides training called Ganga Mitra (transl. Ganga's Friends) in pursuance of its objectives on various subjects.^[166] Established in 1991, the Malviya Centre for Ethics and Values aims to promote ethics and human values in higher education.^[167] The centre provides two-year diploma courses on human values and ethics.^[168] The centre has been tasked as the nodal agency for developing and monitoring courses on human values and ethics in all central universities.^[168]

Other research centres

Centre for Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University

Other research centres of the university include:

Center for Nanotechnology^[169]
Hydrogen Energy Center
UGC Advanced Immunodiagnostic Training and Research Center
Centre for Experimental Medicine and Surgery
Center for Women's Studies and Development^[170]
Center for the Study of Nepal^[171]
Malviya Center for Peace Research^[172]
Center for Rural Integrated Development^[173]
Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy^[174]

Special centres

Design Innovation Centre

Funded by Department of Higher Education, MHRD, and established in 2015, the Design Innovation Centre(DIC) is a collaboration between IIT-BHU and BHU. The DIC focuses on providing a platform to the students and faculties of the university in order to foster innovation and creative problem solving.^[175]^[176] The centre also serves Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad,^[177] Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad,^[178] and the University of Allahabad.^[179]

BioNest-BHU

Established in 2020 as the InnoResTech Foundation-BHU (called BioNest-BHU)^[180] by funding from the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council, BioNest-BHU aims to promote startup and entrepreneurship in sciences, biotechnology, healthcare, agritech, food technology, etc. composed of expert faculty members from IMS-BHU, IAS-BHU, and ISc-BHU.^[181]^[182]^[183]

Admissions

Starting academic year 2022, the university has confirmed shifting towards the All-India Common University Entrance Test (CUET) for admission to several undergraduate and postgraduate^[184] courses, which shall replace the Banaras Hindu University Undergraduate Entrance Test (BHU-UET) and Banaras Hindu University Postgraduate Entrance Test (BHU-PET) exams.^[185]^[186] Admissions are done according to coursewise eligibility criteria set by the university, merit in the entrance tests, and as per reservation policy of the Government of India.

University admission statistics
Year	Level	Applications	Offers	Offer Rate(%)
2022	UG	4,34,140^[187]	8,231^[188]	1.90

Admissions to undergraduate programs of IIT-BHU are only through JEE Advanced,^[189] similarly, admissions to programs of IMS-BHU are only through NEET,^[190] and admissions to FMS-BHU is through a mix of Common Admission Test and personal interview, etc.^[191]

Admissions for PhD are done on the basis of either qualification of National Eligibility Test (NET) by the candidates, or through the scores of Banaras Hindu University Research Entrance Test (BHU-RET).^[192] Admissions in Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University are done through PMT exam. Starting 2021, the UET & PET exams have been conducted by the National Testing Agency.^[193]

Admissions to the Banaras Hindu University are highly competitive and tough with more than 50 applicants for one seat.^[194]^[187] BHU attracts a substantial number of international students. The university has a separate admission pipeline for international students. Applications from international students wishing to continue their education at BHU are invited directly to the university International Centre.^[83]^[195]

Admissions to the diploma and Special Courses of Study (SCS) are conducted through varying processes depending on the faculty, directly by the university.^[196]^[197]

Banaras Hindu University Entrance Tests

After opting for CUET exam for undergraduate and postgraduate courses, the Banaras Hindu University now only conducts the Banaras Hindu University Research Entrance Test (BHU-RET) for admission to the PhD courses.^[198]

Until 2021, Banaras Hindu University has used to conduct national level BHU-UET for undergraduate courses, and BHU-PET, for postgraduate courses, usually during May–June for admission for which registrations begun on Vasant Panchmi i.e., university foundation day, for over 24 undergraduate and over 100 postgraduate courses.^[199] The UET & PET exams were held for 5166 seats in online and offline mode in subject-wise papers. The total exam duration was two hours with multiple-choice questions. Total marks varied with the exam.^[200]

The entire admission process is conducted by the Controller of Examinations.

Rankings

Internationally, BHU was ranked 601–800 in the world by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2022^[204]^[205] and 153 in Asia in 2022.^[206]

In India, the 2022 National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) ranked BHU sixth among universities^[207] and eleventh overall.^[208] ^[209] In NIRF 2022 rankings, BHU ranked fifth in medical,^[210] 20 in law,^[211] and 50 in management.^[212]

The university was ranked seventh among universities in India by Outlook India in 2020.^[213]

Its engineering institute, IIT-BHU, was ranked thirteenth by the NIRF Engineering ranking for 2021.^[214] In 2019, IIT-BHU was ranked ninth among engineering colleges in India by The Week.^[215]

The Faculty of Law, Banaras Hindu University was ranked fifth in India by Outlook India in 2019^[216] and seventh in India by The Week.^[215]

The Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University was ranked fifth among medical colleges in India in 2022 by NIRF.^[217] It was ranked seventh among medical colleges in India in 2020 by India Today,^[202] sixth by The Week ^[218] and eighth by Outlook India.^[219]

Library

The Banaras Hindu University Library system was established from a collection donated by P.K. Telang in the memory of his father Justice Kashinath Trimbak Telang in 1917. The collection was housed in the Telang Hall of the Central Hindu College, Kamachha. In 1921, the library was moved to the Central Hall of the Arts College (now the Faculty of Arts).

The present Central Library of BHU was established with a donation from Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda. Upon his return from the First round Table Conference, Gaekwad wanted a library built on the pattern of the British Library and its reading room, which was then located in the British Museum. On Malviya's suggestion, he made the donation to build the library on the BHU campus.^[220]

The Gaekwad Library is a designated Manuscript Conservation Centre (MCC) of the National Mission for Manuscripts,^[221] established in 2003.^[222]

By 1931, the library had built a collection of around 60,000 volumes. The trend of donation of personal and family collection to the library continued as late as the 1940s with the result that it has unique pieces of rarities of books and journals dating back to the 18th century.

As of 2011, the BHU Library System consisted of the Central Library and 3 Institute Libraries, 8 Faculty Libraries and over 25 Departmental Libraries, with a collection of at least 1.3 million volumes.^[220] The digital library is available to students and staff and provides online access to thousands of journals, besides access to large collections of online resources^[223] through the National Informatics Centre's DELNET^[224] and UGC's INFLIBNET.^[225]

Student life

Festivals and traditions

Swatantra Bhawan (Hall of Independence) is the university auditorium with seating capacity of 2,000 ^[226]

The Banaras Hindu University observes Saraswati puja day (also known as Vasant Panchami) as its foundation day.^[227]^[228] Goddess Saraswati is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, arts, wisdom and nature. She is also the revered mascot of the university, and is a part of the university seal.^[229]^[230]

There is an intra-university fest, Spandan, where students represent their faculty/institute in various art competitions such as literature (essay-writing, poems, debates), painting, sketches, vocal music, dancing, singing, drama, and mimicry. It is held every year after Vasant Panchami in the month of February or March.^[231] Apart from Spandan, each faculty and institute have their own in-house annual festivals, for instance, Aakanksha is the annual festival of Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University.^[232]^[233]^[234]

The university anthem, Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet, is sung in chorus before the convocation^[235]^[236] or any other official event begins.^[237]

Apart from the three national day festivals,^[238]^[239]^[240] the following festivals are celebrated at an official level in the university:

BHU Foundation Day Ceremony in 1916 ^[241]


Name of Faculty/Institute/College	Name of the Festival	Dates	References
Banaras Hindu University	Foundation Day	On Vasant Panchami	^[242]^[243]^[244]^[245]
Banaras Hindu University	Spandan (Intra-university festival and competition)	February–March	^[246]^[247]^[248]
Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)	Kashiyatra	January	^[249]^[250]^[251]
Institute of Science, BHU	Aakanksha	February–March	^[252]^[253]^[254]
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU	Srishti	February–March	^[255]^[256]^[257]
Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU	Elixir	February–March	^[258]^[259]^[260]
Institute of Management Studies, BHU	Unnayan	February–March	^[261]^[262]^[263]
Faculty of Arts, BHU	Sanskriti	February–March	^[264]^[265]^[266]
Faculty of Social Sciences, BHU	Abhikalpan	February–March	^[267]^[268]^[269]
Law School, BHU	Srijan	December, or February–March	^[270]^[271]^[272]
DAV PG College, BHU	Udaan	June–July	^[273]^[274]^[275]
Banaras Hindu University	Malviya Jayanti	December	^[276]^[277]

Convocation Dress

Convocation attendees in university academic costume

Academic costume is mandatory for university convocation. The university's academic costume is White Saree with red border, and red blouse for females; and White Kurta with Dhoti or Pyjama for male students. Both academic costumes include Safa and Uttariya.^[278]^[279] BHU was the first prominent university in India to ditch Western convocation dress for Indian traditional convocation dress, which led to students at other universities demanding the same,^[280] and eventually other universities following suit.^[281]^[282]

Clubs and societies

BHU has university level Mountaineering Centre,^[283]^[284] and University Sports Board.^[285]^[286] Other interest-specific clubs^[287]^[288] and societies exist at faculty, institute, and college level, like FSS Connect,^[289] which is a consortium of all societies and clubs at the Faculty of Social Sciences. In 2022 BHU Connect was introduced, which is a platform that acts as a consortium for different institutes' clubs and societies, as well as act as an umbrella for students run unit to manage clubs, events and ensure help to aspirants and freshers at the Banaras Hindu University.^[290]

Awards and medals

Medals and prizes are awarded at faculty, as well as university level. Each faculty and institute have several in-house awards and medals.^[291] Some of the university level medals include:

The BHU Chancellor's Medal is given to the student securing highest CGPA in the university.^[292]^[291]
The BHU Medal is given to students who secure the first position in their respective courses (e.g. B.Com.).^[293]^[291]
Late Maharaja Vibhuti Narain Singh Gold Medal is given to the student securing the highest CGPA in the university.^[294]^[295]
Ex-President of India Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma Gold Medal is awarded to the student exhibiting best character, academic excellence, outstanding co-curricular, extra-curricular, and social services in the university.^[296]^[297]
Bhagwandas Thakurdas Chandwani Gold Medal is given to the student standing first in MBBS at the IMS-BHU.^[298]^[291]
The Wagle Gold Medal is given to the student standing first in M.A. Economics.^[299]^[291]

Student unions and protests

Banaras Hindu University does not have an active political student union, but an administrative student council called the Banaras Hindu University Students Council to represent and safeguard the interests of the students.^[300]^[301]

Despite no elections, student wings of major political parties have an active presence on the campus.^[302]^[303]

Organized and unorganized protests are held often in the campus due to the vast majority of students.^[304]^[305] The most prominent protest in the last few years have been the Banaras Hindu University women's rights protest.^[306]

Gallery of notable alumni and faculty

Alumni and faculty of the Banaras Hindu University, called BHUians and महामना के मानस पुत्र/पुत्री ^[307]^[308](transl. Soulful Sons/Daughters of Mahamana), have gained prominence in India and across the world in almost all fields of arts, science, and social work. Two former Presidents of India, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and A. P. J. Abdul Kalam have worked and taught at the university. Other famous administrators include Sunder Lal,^[309] K. L. Shrimali,^[310] and Moti Lal Dhar.^[311]

Past and present administrators, visiting faculty and faculty
S Radhakrishnan^[312]
CV Raman^[313]
APJ Abdul Kalam^[314]
Girija Devi^[315]
Sucheta Kripalani^[316]
N. Rajam[317]

N. Rajam^[317]
B.C. Nirmal^[318]
Adya Prasad Pandey^[319]
S. R. Ranganathan^[320]
Ramchandra Shukla^[321]
Omkarnath Thakur^[322]
Prem Saran Satsangi^[323]
Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar^[324]
Patcha Ramachandra Rao^[325]
Birbal Sahni^[326]

Alumni include:

References

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External links

bhu.ac.in

Template:Banaras Hindu University

[1] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 7 April 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

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[BHU-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 "University". www.ugc.ac.in. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.

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[besant-chc-6] Van der Linden, B. (2022). "Hindu Nationalism and North Indian Music in the Global Age". In Ahmad, I.; Kang, J. (eds.). The National Form in the Global Age. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-030-85580-2. While ustads were thus more or less marginalized at Lucknow's Marris College, AIR and Paluskar's schools, they were, as expected expelled entirely from Benares Hindu University (BHU). Formerly known as Central Hindu College, BHU had been a centre for dissemination of Hindu nationalist ideas since its foundation in 1916. The Theosophist Annie Besant, who was actually the President of Indian National Congress in 1917–1918, had established Central Hindu College in 1898, and for a long time it was closely linked with the Theosophical movement. Theosophists generally played an important role in the making of Indian nationalism, especially because they propagated the 'spirituality' of the Hindu (and Buddhist) traditions as superior to Western 'materialistic' civilization.

[jaffe-besant-7] Jaffe, Richard M. (2019). Seeking Sakyamuni: South Asia in the Formation of Modern Japanese Buddhism. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-39114-4. In Benares, Kawaguchi took up residence in the faculty residence hall at Central Hindu College (later Banares Hindu University) while studying Sanskrit there as well as at the Government Sanskrit College (a.k.a. Benares Sanskrit College; founded in 1791 (p. 84) ... Annie Besant and her Theosophical Society associates founded Central Hindu College in 1898 as part of her broader efforts to build a higher-education system in India that honored Indian traditions. Cultivating the rising tide of nationalism, Besant argued that government-run schools were denigrating Indian language, religion, and literature, turning Indians against their glorious culture. In order to preserve the sanatana Dharma (eternal Dharma, which was understood as "orthodox Hinduism"), Besant garnered the support of many wealthy Indians, including the Maharaja of Benares who augmented the original property holdings with additional land and buildings. At the time of the college's inception, each day began with a Hindu prayer, segregation of students by caste was honored, and religious education in nonsectarian Hinduism as portrayed in the school textbook Sanatana Dharma was emphasized. The founders' concession to modern education was including instruction in science and other subjects that were in tune with the times.(p. 87)

[jaffe-besant-2-8] Jaffe, Richard M. (2019). Seeking Sakyamuni: South Asia in the Formation of Modern Japanese Buddhism. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-39114-4. Over the course of Kawaguchi's seven years in Benares, particularly as Annie Besant became enmeshed in the founding of the Order of the Rising Sun (later Order of the Star in East), which was centered on Jiddu Krishnamurti as the world messiah, Indian supporters sought to wrest control of the college from the Theosophists, fearing that Hindu education was being infused with a Theosophically tinged version of Christianity. By 1911, Madan Mohan Malaviya (1861–1946) and others promoting Hindu education were putting plans in place to forge a university that would "train teachers of religion for the preservation and promotion of the Sanatan Dharma which is inculcated by the Srutis, Smritis, and Puranas, and recognised by Varna-Ashram. In addition "the University was to be residential, students were to be admitted directly after the upanayan (sacred thread ceremony) and to observed the laws of Brahmacharya throughout their student career. At the time of the college's thirteenth-anniversary celebrations in December 1911, the Theosophists, including Besant, had lost control of the institution they had begun. Their approach to Hindu education, as expressed in Sanatana Dharma, was abandoned for the more orthodox Hinduism of Malaviya and his associates, who now controlled the governance of the school. By 1913, as Central Hindu College merged into the new Benares Hindu University, the Theosophists were left with but a nominal role in the institution's governance. (pp. 87–88)

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v t e Central universities of India
Central universities	Aligarh Muslim University Assam University Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Banaras Hindu University Central Agricultural University Dr. Hari Singh Gour University English and Foreign Languages University Indian Maritime University Indira Gandhi National Open University Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Jamia Millia Islamia Jawaharlal Nehru University Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya Manipur University Maulana Azad National Urdu University Mizoram University Nagaland University North-Eastern Hill University Pondicherry University Rajiv Gandhi University Sikkim University Tezpur University Tripura University University of Allahabad University of Delhi University of Hyderabad Visva-Bharati University
New central universities^†	Central Sanskrit University Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh Central University of Andhra Pradesh Central University of South Bihar Central University of Gujarat Central University of Himachal Pradesh Central University of Haryana Central University of Jammu Central University of Jharkhand Central University of Karnataka Central University of Kashmir Central University of Kerala Central University of Odisha Central University of Punjab Central University of Rajasthan Central University of Tamil Nadu Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Mahatma Gandhi Central University Nalanda University National Sanskrit University Rajiv Gandhi National Aviation University Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri National Sanskrit University South Asian University
^† Established or granted central university status in 2009 or afterwards.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{short description|University in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India}}
 {{Redirect|BHU}}
-{{EngvarB|date=October 2019}}
+{{Redirect2|Banaras University|Hindu University|other uses|List of educational institutions in Varanasi}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
+{{Merge from|Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet|discuss=Talk:Banaras Hindu University#Proposed merge of Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet into Banaras Hindu University|date=April 2023}}
+{{Primary sources|date=December 2022}}
+{{EngvarB|date = April 2022}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}<!-- Citations/References in lede section are minimised as per [[WP:LEDECITE]], they are available in the relevant sections later in the article. -->
 {{Infobox university
-| name = Banaras Hindu University
+ | name                   = Banaras Hindu University
-| native_name = Kashi Hindu Vishwavidyalaya
+ | native_name            = ''[[Hindi]]'': {{nowrap|'''Kashi Hindu Vishwavidyalaya'''}}
-| other_names = BHU
+ | other_names            = BHU
-| former_name = Central Hindu College
+ | former_name            = Central Hindu College
-| native_name_lang = hi
+ | native_name_lang       = [[Hindi]]
-| image = Banaras Hindu University seal.jpg
+ | image                  = Banaras Hindu University Emblem Seal Transparent.png
-| image_size =
+ | image_size             = 200
-| caption = Seal of the university
+ | caption                = Seal of the University
-| motto = {{IAST3|Vidyayā'mritamașnute}}
+ | motto                  = {{IAST3|Vidyayā'mritamașnute}}
-| mottoeng = "Knowledge imparts immortality"
+ | mottoeng               = "Knowledge imparts immortality"
-| established = {{start date and age|1916|2|4|df=y}}
+ | established            = {{start date and age|1916|2|4|df=y}}
-| type = [[Public university|Public]] [[research university]]
+ | type                   = [[Public university|Public]] [[research university]]
-| rector =
+ | rector                 =
-| chancellor = Giridhar Malaviya<ref>{{cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/admin/chancellor.php |website=www.bhu.ac.in |access-date=4 November 2019 |archive-date=30 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030183923/http://bhu.ac.in/admin/chancellor.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
+ | chancellor             = [[Giridhar Malaviya]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/admin/chancellor.php |website=www.bhu.ac.in |access-date=4 November 2019 |archive-date=30 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030183923/http://bhu.ac.in/admin/chancellor.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
-| vice_chancellor = [[Sudhir K. Jain]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University on Twitter|url=https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1479314042174914561|website=twitter.com|access-date=7 January 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>
+ | vice_chancellor        = [[Sudhir K. Jain]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Banaras university; Twitter|url=https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1479314042174914561|website=twitter.com|access-date=7 January 2022|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107045356/https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1479314042174914561|url-status=live}}</ref>
-| students = 30,698<ref name="BHU">{{cite web |title=University |url=https://www.ugc.ac.in/centralniversitylist.aspx?id=33&Unitype=1 |website=www.ugc.ac.in |access-date=10 February 2020 |archive-date=26 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626015557/https://www.ugc.ac.in/centralniversitylist.aspx?id=33&Unitype=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
+ | students               = 30,698<ref name="BHU">{{cite web |title=University |url=https://www.ugc.ac.in/centralniversitylist.aspx?id=33&Unitype=1 |website=www.ugc.ac.in |access-date=10 February 2020 |archive-date=26 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626015557/https://www.ugc.ac.in/centralniversitylist.aspx?id=33&Unitype=1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
-| undergrad = 15,746<ref name="BHU"/>
+ | undergrad              = 15,746<ref name="BHU"/>
-| postgrad = 7,557<ref name="BHU"/>
+ | postgrad               = 7,557<ref name="BHU"/>
-| doctoral = 4,555<ref name="BHU"/>
+ | doctoral               = 4,555<ref name="BHU"/>
-| city = [[Varanasi]]
+ | city                   = [[Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh]]
-| state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
+ | country                = India
-| country = India
+ | coordinates            = {{coord|25.2677|82.9891|display=inline,title}}
-| coordinates = {{coords|25.2677|82.9891|display=inline,title}}
+ | campus                 = Urban
-| campus = Urban
+ | language               = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
-| language = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], English
+ | free_label             = Anthem
-| free_label = Anthem
+ | free                   = [[Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet|Kulgeet - Madhur Manohar]]
-| free = [[Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet|Kulgeet - Madhur Manohar]]
+ | colours                = {{color box|#FF3300}}{{color box|#0000B3}}{{color box|#4D4D4D}} BHU Saffron, BHU Blue, BHU Grey/Silver<ref>{{cite web |url=https://intranet.bhu.ac.in/BHU%20LOGO%20March%2014Com%20Center/GAD%20Not.pdf/ |title=Banaras Hindu University |publisher=bhu.ac.in |access-date=12 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112125507/http://intranet.bhu.ac.in/BHU%20LOGO%20March%2014Com%20Center/GAD%20Not.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2021 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-| colours = {{color box|#FF3300}}{{color box|#0000B3}}{{color box|#4D4D4D}} BHU Saffron, BHU Blue, BHU Grey/Silver<ref>{{cite web |url=https://intranet.bhu.ac.in/BHU%20LOGO%20March%2014Com%20Center/GAD%20Not.pdf/ |title=Banaras Hindu University |publisher=bhu.ac.in |access-date=12 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112125507/http://intranet.bhu.ac.in/BHU%20LOGO%20March%2014Com%20Center/GAD%20Not.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2021 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
+ | mascot                 = [[Goddess Saraswati]]
-| mascot = [[Goddess Saraswati]]
+ | accreditation          =
-| accreditation =
+ | academic_affiliations  = {{hlist|[[Association of Indian Universities|AIU]]|[[University Grants Commission (India)|UGC]]|[[Indian Council of Agricultural Research|ICAR]]}}
-| academic_affiliations = {{hlist|[[Association of Commonwealth Universities|ACU]]|[[Association of Indian Universities|AIU]]|[[University Grants Commission (India)|UGC]]|[[Indian Council of Agricultural Research|ICAR]]}}
+ | budget                 = {{INRConvert|18087557399}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://bhu.ac.in/Images/files/Account%20%26%20Audit%20Report%202021-22-English.pdf|title=Archived copy |access-date=7 April 2023|archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407070802/https://bhu.ac.in/Images/files/Account%20%26%20Audit%20Report%202021-22-English.pdf|url-status=live }}</ref>
-| budget = {{INRConvert|17096414950.60}} <ref>https://www.bhu.ac.in/anualreport/_pdf_files/BHU_ACCOUNT%20&%20AUDIT%20REPORT_2019-20_ENGLISH.pdf</ref>
+ | website                = {{URL|bhu.ac.in}}
-| website = {{url|bhu.ac.in}}
+ | founders               = {{plainlist|*[[Madan Mohan Malaviya]]
-| founders = {{plainlist|*[[Madan Mohan Malaviya]]
 *[[Annie Besant]]
 *[[Rameshwar Singh]]
 *[[Prabhu Narayan Singh]]
 *[[Sunder Lal (lawyer)|Sunder Lal]]}}
-| logo = BHU Logo with Tagline.png
+ | logo                   = Logo of the Banaras Hindu University.png
 }}
-'''Banaras Hindu University''' ('''BHU'''), formerly '''Central Hindu College''', is a [[Collegiate university|collegiate]] [[Central University (India)|central university]] located in [[Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh]], India. It was established in 1916 jointly by the [[Maharaja of Darbhanga]] [[Rameshwar Singh]],<ref name=Founders>{{cite web|last=Jha|first=Dhirendra K|title=Malviya was not the main founder of Banaras Hindu University, researcher claims|url=http://scroll.in/article/697214/malviya-was-not-the-main-founder-of-banaras-hindu-university-researcher-claims|date=26 December 2014|access-date=9 August 2020|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112004154/https://scroll.in/article/697214/Malviya-was-not-the-main-founder-of-Banaras-Hindu-University-researcher-claims|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Narayan dynasty#Maharaja of Benares:|Maharaja of Banaras]] [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]],<ref name=Founders/> [[Madan Mohan Malaviya]], [[Sunder Lal (lawyer)|Sunder Lal]]<ref>{{Cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YY1bCgAAQBAJ&q=The+Inception+of+Banaras+Hindu+University+(|title = The Inception of Banaras Hindu University: Who Was the Founder in the Light of Historical Documents?|isbn = 9781482852479|last1 = Jha|first1 = Tejakar|date = 7 August 2015|access-date = 3 November 2020|archive-date = 15 November 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211115031420/https://books.google.com/books?id=YY1bCgAAQBAJ&q=The+Inception+of+Banaras+Hindu+University+(|url-status = live}}</ref> and British Theosophist and [[Indian Home Rule movement|Home Rule League]] founder [[Annie Besant]].<ref name=bhu-history>{{cite web |title=History of BHU |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/history1.htm |publisher=Banaras Hindu University website |access-date=8 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923184751/http://www.bhu.ac.in/history1.htm |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> With over 30,000 students residing on campus, it is the largest [[residential college|residential university]] in Asia.<ref name=red>{{cite web |title=University at Buffalo, BHU sign exchange programme |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/oct/04univ.htm |publisher=[[Rediff]] News |date=4 October 2007 |access-date=11 October 2007 |archive-date=13 September 2012 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6AensCmBc?url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/oct/04univ.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
+'''Banaras Hindu University'''{{pronunciation|English pronunciation of Banaras Hindu University.ogg|listen|}} ('''BHU''') (<small>[[IAST]]:</small> kāśī hindū viśvavidyālaya [[International Phonetic Alphabet|<small>IPA</small>]]: /kaːʃiː hɪnd̪uː ʋɪʃwəʋid̪jaːləj/)  is a [[Collegiate university|collegiate]], [[Central university (India)|central]], and [[Research university|research]] [[university]] located in [[Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh]], India, and founded in 1916. The university incorporated the '''Central Hindu College''', founded by [[Indian Home Rule]]-leaguer and [[Theosophy|Theosophist]], [[Annie Besant]] in 1898.<ref name=besant-chc>{{cite book | last = Van der Linden |first = B.| chapter = Hindu Nationalism and North Indian Music in the Global Age|title = The National Form in the Global Age| editor1-last=Ahmad|editor1-first=I.|editor2-last=Kang|editor2-first=J.|publisher = Springer Nature| year = 2022|isbn=978-3-030-85580-2|quote=While ''ustads'' were thus more or less marginalized at Lucknow's Marris College, AIR and Paluskar's schools, they were, as expected expelled entirely from Benares Hindu University (BHU).  Formerly known as Central Hindu College, BHU had been a centre for dissemination of Hindu nationalist ideas since its foundation in 1916.  The Theosophist Annie Besant, who was actually the President of Indian National Congress in 1917&ndash;1918, had established Central Hindu College in 1898, and for a long time it was closely linked with the Theosophical movement.  Theosophists generally played an important role in the making of Indian nationalism, especially because they propagated the 'spirituality' of the Hindu (and Buddhist) traditions as superior to Western 'materialistic' civilization.}}</ref><ref name=jaffe-besant>{{cite book |last = Jaffe | first = Richard M. |title=Seeking Sakyamuni: South Asia in the Formation of Modern Japanese Buddhism| publisher = University of Chicago Press | year = 2019|isbn = 978-0-226-39114-4|quote=In Benares, Kawaguchi took up residence in the faculty residence hall at Central Hindu College (later Banares Hindu University) while studying Sanskrit there as well as at the Government Sanskrit College (a.k.a. Benares Sanskrit College; founded in 1791 (p. 84) ... Annie Besant and her Theosophical Society associates founded Central Hindu College in 1898 as part of her broader efforts to build a higher-education system in India that honored Indian traditions.  Cultivating the rising tide of nationalism, Besant argued that government-run schools were denigrating Indian language, religion, and literature, turning Indians against their glorious culture. In order to preserve the ''sanatana'' Dharma (eternal Dharma, which was understood as "orthodox Hinduism"), Besant garnered the support of many wealthy Indians, including the Maharaja of Benares who augmented the original property holdings with additional land and buildings.  At the time of the college's inception, each day began with a Hindu prayer, segregation of students by caste was honored, and religious education in nonsectarian Hinduism as portrayed in the school textbook ''Sanatana Dharma'' was emphasized.  The founders' concession to modern education was including instruction in science and other subjects that were in tune with the times.(p. 87)}}</ref> After Besant and her associates were marginalized,<ref name=jaffe-besant-2>{{cite book |last = Jaffe | first = Richard M. |title=Seeking Sakyamuni: South Asia in the Formation of Modern Japanese Buddhism| publisher = University of Chicago Press | year = 2019|isbn = 978-0-226-39114-4|quote=Over the course of Kawaguchi's seven years in Benares, particularly as Annie Besant became enmeshed in the founding of the Order of the Rising Sun (later Order of the Star in East), which was centered on [[Jiddu Krishnamurti]] as the world messiah, Indian supporters sought to wrest control of the college from the Theosophists, fearing that Hindu education was being infused with a Theosophically tinged version of Christianity.  By 1911, Madan Mohan Malaviya (1861&ndash;1946) and others promoting Hindu education were putting plans in place to forge a university that would "train teachers of religion for the preservation and promotion of the Sanatan Dharma which is inculcated by the ''Srutis'', ''Smritis'', and ''Puranas'', and recognised by ''Varna-Ashram''.  In addition "the University was to be residential, students were to be admitted directly after the [[upanayan]] (sacred thread ceremony) and to observed the laws of ''[[Brahmacharya]]'' throughout their student career.  At the time of the college's thirteenth-anniversary celebrations in December 1911, the Theosophists, including Besant, had lost control of the institution they had begun.  Their approach to Hindu education, as expressed in ''Sanatana Dharma'', was abandoned for the more orthodox Hinduism of Malaviya and his associates, who now controlled the governance of the school.  By 1913, as Central Hindu College merged into the new Benares Hindu University, the Theosophists were left with but a nominal role in the institution's governance. (pp. 87&ndash;88)}}</ref> the university was established by [[Madan Mohan Malaviya]] with the financial support of the maharaja of Dharbhanga [[Rameshwar Singh]], the maharaja of Benares [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]], and the lawyer [[Sunder Lal (lawyer)|Sunder Lal]]. With over 30,000 students, and 18,000 residing on campus, BHU is the largest [[residential college|residential university]] in Asia.<ref name=red>{{cite web |title=University at Buffalo, BHU sign exchange programme |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/oct/04univ.htm |publisher=[[Rediff]] News |date=4 October 2007 |access-date=11 October 2007 |archive-date=25 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025130818/http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/oct/04univ.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= June 30, 2016 |title=Tradition meets modernity |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/education/story/20160711-banaras-hindu-university-best-college-in-varanasi-829188-2016-06-30 |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> The university is one of the eight public institutions declared as an [[Institutes of Eminence|Institute of Eminence]] by the [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-23 |title=Institutions {{!}} Government of India, Ministry of Education |url=https://www.education.gov.in/en/ioe#:~:text=Banaras%20Hindu%20University,%20Banaras,%20Uttar%20Pradesh |access-date=2022-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423075856/https://www.education.gov.in/en/ioe#:~:text=Banaras%20Hindu%20University,%20Banaras,%20Uttar%20Pradesh |archive-date=23 April 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-07 |title=Institution of Eminence: BHU to invite best professors of world, says VC |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/institution-of-eminence-bhu-to-invite-best-professors-of-world-says-vc/story-cTkJrjdC08TOePmi9tpviI.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
-The university's main campus spread over {{convert|1300|acre|km2}} was built on land donated by the [[Narayan dynasty|Kashi Naresh]] [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]], the hereditary ruler of Banaras ("Kashi" being an alternative name for Banaras or Varanasi). The south campus, spread over {{convert|2700|acre|km2}} and land donated later by Maharaj Kumar Aditya Narayan Singh in Sunderpur<ref name=bhu-rgsc-history>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/aboutrgsc.html|title=About the Campus|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=3 June 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618042838/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/aboutrgsc.html|archive-date=18 June 2012}}</ref> hosts the [[Krishi Vigyan Kendra]] (Agriculture Science Centre)<ref name=bhu-rgsc>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|title=Rajiv Gandhi South Campus|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=3 June 2012|archive-date=21 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521135132/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and is located in [[Barkachha Khurd|Barkachha]] in [[Mirzapur district]], about {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} from Banaras.<ref>{{cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University keen to {{sic|hide=y|set|up}} its Center in Bihar|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/banaras-hindu-university-keen-to-setup-its-center-in-bihar/|work=IANS|publisher=Biharprabha News|access-date=1 February 2014|archive-date=14 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414060908/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/banaras-hindu-university-keen-to-setup-its-center-in-bihar/|url-status=live}}</ref>
+BHU has often been referred by different names throughout the history and present. Some of the English names include '''Banaras University''',<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M4_JEK-6wQ4C&dq=%22Banaras+University%22&pg=PA2108 |title=Asian Recorder |date=1958 |publisher=K. K. Thomas at Recorder Press |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sabha |first=India Parliament Rajya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=npkaAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22Banaras+University%22&pg=PA981 |title=Parliamentary Debates: Official Report |date=1960 |language=en}}</ref> '''Benares Hindu University''', and '''Hindu University'''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dar |first=S.L. |title=History of the Banaras Hindu University |publisher=[[Banaras Hindu University Press]] |year=1966 |isbn=8185305226 |edition=2007 Reprint |location=Varanasi |pages=237, 243 |language=English}}</ref>
-BHU is organized into six institutes and 14 faculties (streams) and about 140 departments.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/Annexure-I%20(A%20brief%20note%20about%20the%20University).doc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211052710/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/Annexure-I%20(A%20brief%20note%20about%20the%20University).doc|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 December 2018|title=UGC BHU Fact Sheet}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723094026/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 July 2018|title=UGC Fact Sheet}}</ref><!-- Due to non-updation at official website of university, it shows there 3 institutes and/or 16 faculties etc.
+The university's main campus, spread over {{convert|1370|acre|km2}}, was built on land donated by the [[Narayan dynasty|Kashi Naresh]] [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]], the hereditary ruler of Banaras ("Kashi" being an alternative name for Banaras or Varanasi). The south campus, spread over {{convert|2700|acre|km2}} is built on land donated later by Maharaj Kumar [[Maharaja Aditya Narayan Singh|Aditya Narayan Singh]] in Sunderpur,<ref name="bhu-rgsc-history">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/aboutrgsc.html|title=About the Campus|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=3 June 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618042838/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/aboutrgsc.html|archive-date=18 June 2012}}</ref> hosts the [[Krishi Vigyan Kendra]] (Agriculture Science Centre)<ref name="bhu-rgsc">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|title=Rajiv Gandhi South Campus|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=3 June 2012|archive-date=21 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521135132/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and is located in [[Barkachha Khurd|Barkachha]] in [[Mirzapur district]], about {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} from Varanasi.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University keen to {{sic|hide=y|set|up}} its Center in Bihar|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/banaras-hindu-university-keen-to-setup-its-center-in-bihar/|work=IANS|publisher=Biharprabha News|access-date=1 February 2014|archive-date=14 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414060908/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/banaras-hindu-university-keen-to-setup-its-center-in-bihar/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Mar 17, 2022 |title=Bhu South Campus Stores Rainwater, Becomes Self-reliant In Water Needs {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-south-campus-stores-rainwater-becomes-self-reliant-in-water-needs/articleshow/90279744.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
-However calculating these numbers on the basis of printed brochures being circulated in university, on the basis of the speech-mentions of the Vice-Chancellor himself and other official printed (but non- electronic) sources, the data mentioned here is correct. --> {{as of|2017}}, the total student enrolment at the university is 27,359<ref>{{cite web|title=Submitted Institute Data for National Institute Ranking Framework - Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://nirfcdn.azureedge.net/2018/pdf/UNIVERSITY/IR-3-O-OMD-U-0500.pdf|publisher=NIRF|access-date=3 April 2018|archive-date=3 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403234635/https://nirfcdn.azureedge.net/2018/pdf/UNIVERSITY/IR-3-O-OMD-U-0500.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> coming from 48 countries.<ref>{{cite web|title = Banaras Hindu University: All rounder : 2011 - India Today|url = http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indias-best-universities-banaras-hindu-university/1/147177.html|website = indiatoday.intoday.in|access-date = 10 November 2015|archive-date = 22 December 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151222154544/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indias-best-universities-banaras-hindu-university/1/147177.html|url-status = live}}</ref> It has over 65 hostels for resident students. Several of its faculties and institutes include arts (arts, social sciences, commerce, management studies, science, performing arts, law, agricultural science, medical science, and environment and sustainable development) along with departments of linguistics, journalism & mass communication, among others. The university's engineering institute was designated as an [[Indian Institute of Technology]] ([[IIT BHU]]) in June 2012.
-BHU celebrated its [[Centennial|centenary year]] in 2015–2016.<ref>{{Cite news|title=President Pranab Mukherjee to attend centenary year celebrations at Banaras Hindu University|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/president-pranab-mukherjee-to-attend-centenary-year-celebrations-at-banaras-hindu-university/articleshow/52222449.cms|access-date=2021-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=29 September 2015|title=IIT-BHU floats mega plans for 100 year celebrations|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/iit-bhu-floats-mega-plans-for-100-year-celebrations/articleshow/49151888.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-09-21|website=The Times of India|archive-date=23 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923101028/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/iit-bhu-floats-mega-plans-for-100-year-celebrations/articleshow/49151888.cms}}</ref>
+BHU is organized into six institutes, 14 faculties (streams) and about 140 departments. {{as of|2020}}, the total student enrolment at the university is 30,698<ref name="BHU"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=BHU apathy: How many women safety panels does varsity with 30,000 students has? Zero |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-bhu-apathy-how-many-women-safety-panels-does-varsity-with-30000-students-has-zero-2548369 |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref> coming from 48 countries.<ref name=":6">{{cite web|title=Submitted Institute Data for National Institute Ranking Framework - Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://nirfcdn.azureedge.net/2018/pdf/UNIVERSITY/IR-3-O-OMD-U-0500.pdf|publisher=NIRF|access-date=3 April 2018|archive-date=3 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403234635/https://nirfcdn.azureedge.net/2018/pdf/UNIVERSITY/IR-3-O-OMD-U-0500.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title = Banaras Hindu University: All rounder : 2011 - India Today|url = http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indias-best-universities-banaras-hindu-university/1/147177.html|website = indiatoday.intoday.in|access-date = 10 November 2015|archive-date = 22 December 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151222154544/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indias-best-universities-banaras-hindu-university/1/147177.html|url-status = live}}</ref> It has over 65 hostels for resident students. Several of its faculties and institutes include Arts, Social Sciences, Commerce, Management Studies, Science, Performing Arts, Law, Agricultural Science, Medical Science, and Environment and Sustainable Development along with departments of Linguistics, Journalism & Mass Communication, among others.<ref name=":5">{{cite web |title=UGC Fact Sheet |url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723094026/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/ |archive-date=23 July 2018}}</ref> The university's engineering institute was designated as an [[Indian Institute of Technology]] in June 2012, and henceforth is [[Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi|Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=IRMA - Home {{!}} Indian Institute of Technology(BHU) |url=https://iitbhu.ac.in/rnd/irma#:~:text=In%201969%20these%20three%20colleges,organization%20contributing%20towards%20nation%20building. |access-date=2022-05-30 |website=iitbhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+Centralised in 1916 through the [[Banaras Hindu University Act]], Banaras Hindu University is India's first [[Central university (India)|central university]]. BHU celebrated its [[Centennial|centenary year]] in 2015–2016.<ref>{{Cite news|title=President Pranab Mukherjee to attend centenary year celebrations at Banaras Hindu University|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/president-pranab-mukherjee-to-attend-centenary-year-celebrations-at-banaras-hindu-university/articleshow/52222449.cms|access-date=10 December 2021|archive-date=10 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210120717/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/president-pranab-mukherjee-to-attend-centenary-year-celebrations-at-banaras-hindu-university/articleshow/52222449.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=29 September 2015|title=IIT-BHU floats mega plans for 100 year celebrations|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/iit-bhu-floats-mega-plans-for-100-year-celebrations/articleshow/49151888.cms|url-status=live|access-date=21 September 2021|website=The Times of India|archive-date=23 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210923101028/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/iit-bhu-floats-mega-plans-for-100-year-celebrations/articleshow/49151888.cms}}</ref>
+{{TOC limit}}
 ==History==
-The Banaras Hindu University was jointly established by [[Madan Mohan Malaviya]], [[Annie Besant]], [[Maharaja of Darbhanga|Maharaja Rameshwar Singh]] of [[Darbhanga Raj]]  and [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]] of [[Narayan dynasty]].[[File: Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya ji at the BHU Varanasi.jpg|thumb|Founder [[Mahamana]] at the university|298x298px]]At the 21st Conference of the [[Indian National Congress]] in [[Benares]] in December 1905, [[Malaviya]] publicly announced his intent to establish a university in Banaras. Malaviya continued to develop his vision for the university with inputs from other Indian nationalists and educationists. He published his plan in 1911. The focus of his arguments was the prevailing poverty in India and the decline in income of Indians compared to Europeans. The plan called for the focus on technology and science, besides the study of India's religion and culture:
+The Banaras Hindu University was jointly established by [[Madan Mohan Malaviya]], [[Annie Besant]], [[Maharaja of Darbhanga|Maharaja Rameshwar Singh]] of [[Darbhanga Raj]]  and [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]] and [[Maharaja Aditya Narayan Singh|Aditya Narayan Singh]] of [[Narayan dynasty]], while the university is the brainchild of Malviya.<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 June 2016|title=Tradition meets modernity|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/education/story/20160711-banaras-hindu-university-best-college-in-varanasi-829188-2016-06-30|access-date=12 January 2022|website=India Today|language=en|archive-date=12 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220112190403/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/education/story/20160711-banaras-hindu-university-best-college-in-varanasi-829188-2016-06-30|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Shekhar|first=Shashi|date=25 December 2017|title='Mahamana': A forgotten visionary|url=https://www.livemint.com/Opinion/6EvL9afbnsGs183LaQVR0I/Mahamana-A-forgotten-visionary.html|access-date=13 January 2022|website=mint|language=en|archive-date=13 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113093039/https://www.livemint.com/Opinion/6EvL9afbnsGs183LaQVR0I/Mahamana-A-forgotten-visionary.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=Anurag |title=Bhramins: who refused to beg |publisher=notionpress.com |year= |isbn=979-8-88833-370-9 |edition=2nd}}</ref>
+[[File:Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya ji at the BHU Varanasi.jpg|thumb|Madan Mohan Malviya at the university|298x298px]]At the 21st Conference of the [[Indian National Congress]] in [[Benares]] in December 1905, Malaviya publicly announced his intent to establish a university in [[Banaras]]. Malaviya continued to develop his vision for the university with inputs from other Indian nationalists and educationists. He published his plan in 1911. The focus of his arguments was the prevailing poverty in India and the decline in income of Indians compared to Europeans. The plan called for the focus on technology and science, besides the study of India's religion and culture:<ref name="bhu-founder-19">{{cite web |year=2006 |title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Bharat Ratna Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya |url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412191310/http://www.bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2012 |access-date=2012-06-04 |publisher=Banarash Hindu University |page=19}}</ref>
 <blockquote>
-"The millions mired in poverty here can only get rid (of it) when science is used in their interest. Such maximum application of science is only possible when scientific knowledge is available to Indians in their own country."<ref name=bhu-founder-19>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf|title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Bharat Ratna Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya|publisher=Banarash Hindu University|page=19|year=2006|access-date=2012-06-04|archive-date=12 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412191310/http://www.bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
+"The millions mired in poverty here can only get rid (of it) when science is used in their interest. Such maximum application of science is only possible when scientific knowledge is available to Indians in their own country."
-</blockquote>
-[[File:Prospectus of a Proposed Hindu University Banaras Hindu University BHU Varanasi.jpg|thumb|Initial prospectus of the university|357x357px]]
-Malaviya's plan evaluated whether to seek government recognition for the university or operate without its control. He decided in favour of the former for various reasons. Malaviya also considered the question of medium of instruction and decided to start with English given the prevalent environment, and gradually add [[Hindi language|Hindi]] and other [[Languages of India|Indian languages]]. A distinguishing characteristic of Malaviya's vision was the preference for a [[residential college|residential university]]. All other Indian universities of the period, such as the universities in [[University of Mumbai|Bombay]], [[University of Calcutta|Calcutta]], [[University of Madras|Madras]], etc., were affiliating universities which only conducted examinations and awarded degrees to students of their affiliated colleges.<ref name="Singh">{{cite book |title=Banaras Region: A Spiritual and Cultural Guide |last=Singh |first=Rana P.B. |author2=Pravin S. Rana |year=2002 |publisher=Indica Books |location=Varanasi |isbn=81-86569-24-3 |page=141 }}</ref> Malaviya had supported [[Annie Besant]]'s cause and in 1903, he had raised 250,000 Rupees in donations to finance the construction of the school's [[dormitory|hostel]].<ref name=bhu-founder-12>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya|publisher=Banarash Hindu University|page=12|year=2006|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513080506/http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1907 Besant had applied for a [[Royal charter#United Kingdom|royal charter]] to establish a university. However, there was no response from the British government.
+-- Madan Mohan Malviya<ref name="bhu-founder-19" />
+</blockquote>Malaviya's plan evaluated whether to seek government recognition for the university or operate without its control. He decided in favour of the former for various reasons. Malaviya also considered the question of medium of instruction and decided to start with English given the prevalent environment, and gradually add [[Hindi language|Hindi]] and other [[Languages of India|Indian languages]]. A distinguishing characteristic of Malaviya's vision was the preference for a [[residential college|residential university]]. All other Indian universities of the period, such as the universities in [[University of Mumbai|Bombay]], [[University of Calcutta|Calcutta]], [[University of Madras|Madras]], etc., were affiliating universities which only conducted examinations and awarded degrees to students of their affiliated colleges.<ref name="Singh">{{cite book |title=Banaras Region: A Spiritual and Cultural Guide |last=Singh |first=Rana P.B. |author2=Pravin S. Rana |year=2002 |publisher=Indica Books |location=Varanasi |isbn=81-86569-24-3 |page=141 }}</ref> Malaviya had supported Annie Besant's cause and in 1903, he had raised 250,000 Rupees in donations to finance the construction of the school's [[dormitory|hostel]].<ref name=bhu-founder-12>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya|publisher=Banarash Hindu University|page=12|year=2006|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513080506/http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1907 Besant had applied for a [[Royal charter#United Kingdom|royal charter]] to establish a university. However, there was no response from the British government.
 Following the publication of Malviya's plan, Besant met Malviya and in April 1911 they agreed to unite their forces to build the university in Varanasi <ref name=bhu-mahamana>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/mahamana.htm|title=Bharat Ratna Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya: The Man, The Spirit, The Vision|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=3 June 2012|archive-date=14 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614094235/http://www.bhu.ac.in/mahamana.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Malaviya soon left his legal practice to focus exclusively on developing the university and his independence activities.<ref name=bhu-founder-11>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf|title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Bharat Ratna Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya|publisher=Banarash Hindu University|page=11|year=2006|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=12 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412191310/http://www.bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> On 22 November 1911, he registered the Hindu University Society to gather support and raise funds for building the university.<ref name=bhu-founder-30>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya|publisher=Banarash Hindu University|page=30|year=2006|access-date=6 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513080506/http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> He spent the next four years gathering support and raising funds for the university. Malaviya sought and received early support from the [[Kashi Naresh]] [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]] and [[Rameshwar Singh Bahadur]] of [[Raj Darbhanga]].<ref name="Singh"/> Thakur Jadunath Singh of [[Arkha]] along with other noble houses of [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]] contributed for the development of the university.
+Malaviya soon left his legal practice to focus exclusively on developing the university and his independence activities.<ref name=bhu-founder-11>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf|title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Bharat Ratna Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya|publisher=Banarash Hindu University|page=11|year=2006|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=12 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412191310/http://www.bhu.ac.in/MMMMM.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> On 22 November 1911, he registered the Hindu University Society to gather support and raise funds for building the university.<ref name=bhu-founder-30>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|title=Founder of Banaras Hindu University: Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya|publisher=Banarash Hindu University|page=30|year=2006|access-date=6 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513080506/http://bhu.ac.in/MMMMM1.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> He spent the next four years gathering support and raising funds for the university. Malaviya sought and received early support from the [[Kashi Naresh]] [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]] and [[Rameshwar Singh Bahadur]] of [[Raj Darbhanga]].<ref name="Singh"/> Thakur Jadunath Singh of [[Arkha]] along with other noble houses of [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]] contributed for the development of the university.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last1=Dar |first1=S.L. |url=https://archive.org/details/history-of-bhu |title=History Of The Banaras Hindu University |last2=Somaskandan |first2=S. |publisher=Banaras Hindu University Press |year=1966 |isbn=8185305226 |location= |page=273 |language=English |author-link=}}</ref>[[File:Prospectus of a Proposed Hindu University Banaras Hindu University BHU Varanasi.jpg|thumb|Initial prospectus of the university]]
-On 22 March 1915, then [[Ministry of Education (India)|Education Minister]] [[Harcourt Butler]] introduced the ''Benares Hindu University Bill'' in the [[Imperial Legislative Council]]''.''<ref>{{cite book|last=Dar|first=S.L.|url=https://archive.org/details/history-of-bhu|title=History Of The Banaras Hindu University|last2=Somaskandan|first2=S.|date=|publisher=Banaras Hindu University Press|year=1966|isbn=8185305226|location=|page=271|pages=|language=English|author-link=}}</ref>  In his speech he remarked about the university:{{Blockquote|text=My Lord, this is no ordinary occasion. We are watching to-day the birth of a new and, many hope, a better type of University in India. The main features of this University, which distinguish it from existing Universities, will be, first. that it will be a teaching and residential University; secondly, that while it will be open to all castes and creeds, it will insist upon religious instructions for Hindus, and thirdly, that it will be conducted and managed by the Hindu community and almost entirely by non-officials|author=[[Harcourt Butler]] 11 March 1915, [[Imperial Legislative Council]], New Delhi, India <ref>{{cite book|last=Dar|first=S.L.|url=https://archive.org/details/history-of-bhu|title=History Of The Banaras Hindu University|last2=Somaskandan|first2=S.|date=|publisher=Banaras Hindu University Press|year=1966|isbn=8185305226|location=|page=273|pages=|language=English|author-link=}}</ref>}}The Benares Hindu University Bill was passed on 1 October 1915 and assented by the [[Governor-General of India|Viceroy and Governor-General of India]] on the same day.
+On 22 March 1915, then [[Ministry of Education (India)|Education Minister]] [[Harcourt Butler]] introduced the ''Benares Hindu University Bill'' in the [[Imperial Legislative Council]]''.''<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dar|first1=S.L.|url=https://archive.org/details/history-of-bhu|title=History Of The Banaras Hindu University|last2=Somaskandan|first2=S.|publisher=Banaras Hindu University Press|year=1966|isbn=8185305226|location=|page=271|language=English|author-link=}}</ref>  In his speech, he remarked about the university:{{Blockquote|text=My Lord, this is no ordinary occasion. We are watching to-day the birth of a new and, many hope, a better type of University in India. The main features of this University, which distinguish it from existing Universities, will be, first. that it will be a teaching and residential University; secondly, that while it will be open to all castes and creeds, it will insist upon religious instructions for Hindus, and thirdly, that it will be conducted and managed by the Hindu community and almost entirely by non-officials.|author=[[Harcourt Butler]] 11 March 1915, [[Imperial Legislative Council]], New Delhi, India <ref name=":0"/>}}The Benares Hindu University Bill was passed on 1 October 1915 and assented by the [[Governor-General of India|Viceroy and Governor-General of India]] on the same day.
 {{See also|Banaras Hindu University Act}}[[File:Mahamana Malviya ji Inaugurate Literacy Day.jpg|thumb|Founder [[Mahamana]] inaugurate literacy day among students]]
-BHU was finally established in 1916, the first university in India that was the result of a many people's efforts.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jha|first=Tejakar|title=The Inception of Banaras Hindu University: Who Was the Founder in the Light of Historical Documents?|publisher=Partridge India|date=7 August 2015|isbn=978-1482852486|location=Delhi|pages=15–20}}</ref> The foundation for the main campus of the university was laid by [[Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst|Lord Hardinge]], the then [[Viceroy of India]], on [[Vasant Panchami]] 4 February 1916.<ref name="bhu-mahamana" /><ref name="cs-bhu">{{cite journal|date=25 October 2011|title=Madan Mohan Malaviya and Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/101/08/1091.pdf|journal=Current Science|publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences|volume=101|issue=8|access-date=6 June 2012}}</ref> To promote the university's expansion, Malviya invited eminent guest speakers such as [[Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Jagadish Chandra Bose]], [[C. V. Raman]], [[Prafulla Chandra Roy]], [[Sam Higginbottom]], [[Patrick Geddes]], and Besant to deliver a series of what are now called ''The University Extension Lectures'' between 5–8 February 1916. Gandhi's lecture on the occasion was his first public address in India.<ref name="cs-bhu" />
+BHU was finally established in 1916, the first university in India that was the result of people's efforts.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jha|first=Tejakar|title=The Inception of Banaras Hindu University: Who Was the Founder in the Light of Historical Documents?|publisher=Partridge India|date=7 August 2015|isbn=978-1482852486|location=Delhi|pages=15–20}}</ref> The foundation for the main campus of the university was laid by [[Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst|Lord Hardinge]], the then [[Viceroy of India]], on [[Vasant Panchami]] 4 February 1916.<ref name="bhu-mahamana" /><ref name="cs-bhu">{{cite journal|date=25 October 2011|title=Madan Mohan Malaviya and Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/101/08/1091.pdf|journal=Current Science|publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences|volume=101|issue=8|access-date=6 June 2012|archive-date=17 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150617123506/http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/101/08/1091.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> To promote the university's expansion, Malviya invited eminent guest speakers such as [[Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Jagadish Chandra Bose]], [[C. V. Raman]], [[Prafulla Chandra Ray]], [[Sam Higginbottom]], [[Patrick Geddes]], and Besant to deliver a series of what are now called ''The University Extension Lectures'' between 5–8 February 1916. Gandhi's lecture on the occasion was his first public address in India.<ref name="cs-bhu" />
-[[Sunder Lal (lawyer)|Sunder Lal]] was appointed the first Vice-Chancellor, and the university began its academic session<ref name=bhu-history/> the same month with classes initially held at the [[Central Hindu School]] in the Kamachha area, while the campus was being built on over {{convert|1300|acres|km2}} of land donated by the Kashi Naresh on the outskirts of the city. The [[Nizam]] of [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]] and [[Central Provinces and Berar|Berar]], [[Mir Osman Ali Khan]], also made a donation of {{INR|1}} lakh for the university.<ref>{{cite news |url =https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/A-lsquomiser-who-donated-generously/article15988076.ece |title =A 'miser' who donated generously |newspaper =The Hindu |date =24 May 2013 |access-date =8 July 2018 |archive-date =5 October 2020 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20201005104303/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/A-lsquomiser-who-donated-generously/article15988076.ece |url-status =live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://telanganatoday.com/reminiscing-seventh-nizam-enormous-contribution-education|title=Reminiscing the seventh Nizam's enormous contribution to education|first=AuthorJS|last=Ifthekhar|website=Telangana Today|access-date=16 September 2018|archive-date=26 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826125103/https://telanganatoday.com/reminiscing-seventh-nizam-enormous-contribution-education|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://missiontelangana.com/nizam-gave-funding-for-temples-and-hindu-educational-institutions|title=Nizam gave funding for temples, and Hindu educational institutions|date=28 May 2013|access-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708074635/http://missiontelangana.com/nizam-gave-funding-for-temples-and-hindu-educational-institutions/|archive-date=8 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+[[Sunder Lal (lawyer)|Sunder Lal]] was appointed the first Vice-Chancellor, and the university began its academic session<ref name="bhu-history">{{cite web |title=History of BHU |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/history1.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923184751/http://www.bhu.ac.in/history1.htm |archive-date=23 September 2015 |access-date=8 January 2010 |publisher=Banaras Hindu University website}}</ref> the same month with classes initially held at the [[Central Hindu School]] in the Kamachha area, while the campus was being built on over {{convert|1300|acres|km2}} of land donated by the Kashi Naresh on the outskirts of the city. The [[Nizam]] of [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]] and [[Central Provinces and Berar|Berar]], [[Mir Osman Ali Khan]], also made a donation for the university.<ref>{{cite news |url =https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/A-lsquomiser-who-donated-generously/article15988076.ece |title =A 'miser' who donated generously |newspaper =The Hindu |date =24 May 2013 |access-date =8 July 2018 |archive-date =5 October 2020 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20201005104303/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/A-lsquomiser-who-donated-generously/article15988076.ece |url-status =live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://telanganatoday.com/reminiscing-seventh-nizam-enormous-contribution-education|title=Reminiscing the seventh Nizam's enormous contribution to education|first=AuthorJS|last=Ifthekhar|website=Telangana Today|access-date=16 September 2018|archive-date=26 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826125103/https://telanganatoday.com/reminiscing-seventh-nizam-enormous-contribution-education|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://missiontelangana.com/nizam-gave-funding-for-temples-and-hindu-educational-institutions|title=Nizam gave funding for temples, and Hindu educational institutions|date=28 May 2013|access-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708074635/http://missiontelangana.com/nizam-gave-funding-for-temples-and-hindu-educational-institutions/|archive-date=8 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-The university's anthem, known as the ''[[Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet|Kulgeet]]'', was composed by [[Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar|Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar]].<ref name=bhu-heritage>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/malviyaheritage/heritage.html|title=Heritage Complex|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513023453/http://bhu.ac.in/malviyaheritage/heritage.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+The university's anthem, called ''[[Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet|Kulgeet]]'', was composed by university professor and eminent scientist [[Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar|Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar]].<ref name=bhu-heritage>{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/malviyaheritage/heritage.html|title=Heritage Complex|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=13 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513023453/http://bhu.ac.in/malviyaheritage/heritage.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-{{Wide image|Centenary Year of Banaras Hindu University Coins.jpg|820px|Commemorative coins released on the centenary year of Banaras Hindu University<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-04|title=Centennial celebrations: Govt to release special coins, stamps of BHU|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/centennial-celebrations-govt-to-release-special-coins-stamps-of-bhu/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
+{{Wide image|Centenary Year of Banaras Hindu University Coins.jpg|700|''Scrollable image.'' Commemorative coins released on the centenary year of Banaras Hindu University<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-04|title=Centennial celebrations: Govt to release special coins, stamps of BHU|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/centennial-celebrations-govt-to-release-special-coins-stamps-of-bhu/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=11 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111070421/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/centennial-celebrations-govt-to-release-special-coins-stamps-of-bhu/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 }}
 ==Campus==
 ===Main campus===
-[[File:BHU Main Gate, Banaras Hindu University.jpg|alt=Singh Dwar, the main entrance gate to university campus|thumb|Singh Dwar, the main entrance gate to university campus]]
+Banaras Hindu University's main campus is located on the southern edge of Varanasi, near the banks of the river [[Ganges]]. Development of the main campus, spread over {{convert|1370|acre|km2}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Varanasi |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/seminar/NSU/ABOUT%20CITY.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207130324/https://www.bhu.ac.in/seminar/NSU/ABOUT%20CITY.htm |archive-date=7 February 2022 |access-date=7 February 2022 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=84th Annual Convention of Indian Society of Soil Science |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/seminar/mar2019/26/460.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206173006/http://www.bhu.ac.in/seminar/mar2019/26/460.pdf |archive-date=6 December 2019 |access-date=7 February 2022}}</ref> started in 1916 on land donated by the then Kashi Naresh [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]]. The campus layout approximates a [[semicircle]], with intersecting roads laid out along the radii or in arcs. Buildings built in the first half of the 20th century are fine examples of [[Indo-Gothic]] architecture.
-BHU is located on the southern edge of Varanasi, near the banks of the river [[Ganges]]. Development of the main campus, spread over {{convert|1300|acre|km2}}, started in 1916 on land donated by the then Kashi Naresh [[Prabhu Narayan Singh]]. The campus layout approximates a [[semicircle]], with intersecting roads laid out along the radii or in arcs. Buildings built in the first half of the 20th century are fine examples of [[Indo-Gothic]] architecture.
 The campus has over 65 hostels offering residential accommodation for over 12,000 students.<ref name="bhu-amenities">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/student/index.html|title=Student Amenities|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=1 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901034326/http://bhu.ac.in/student/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On-campus housing is also available to a majority of the full-time faculty.
+[[File:BHU Main Gate, Banaras Hindu University enhanced.jpg|thumb|Singh Dwar, the main entrance gate to university campus]]
-The main entrance gate and boundary wall was built on the donation made by Maharaja of [[Balrampur]], Maharaja Pateshvari Prashad Singh, and is named after him as the {{Lang|hi|Singh Dwar}} ({{Translation|Singh Gate}}).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-06|title=अब BHU सिंह द्वार पर नहीं होगा धरना-प्रदर्शन, विश्वविद्यालय ने लगाई रोक {{!}} BHU decides venue for protests|url=https://www.patrika.com/varanasi-news/bhu-decides-venue-for-protests-5604101/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=Patrika News|language=hi-IN}}</ref>
+The main entrance gate and boundary wall was built on the donation made by Maharaja of [[Balrampur]], Maharaja Pateshvari Prashad Singh, and is named after him as the {{Lang|hi|Singh Dwar}} ({{Translation|Singh Gate}}).<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 January 2020|title=अब BHU सिंह द्वार पर नहीं होगा धरना-प्रदर्शन, विश्वविद्यालय ने लगाई रोक {{!}} BHU decides venue for protests|url=https://www.patrika.com/varanasi-news/bhu-decides-venue-for-protests-5604101/|access-date=11 January 2022|website=Patrika News|language=hi-IN|archive-date=11 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111072511/https://www.patrika.com/varanasi-news/bhu-decides-venue-for-protests-5604101/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 The [[Sayaji Rao Gaekwad Library, BHU|Sayaji Rao Gaekwad Library]] is the main library on campus and houses over 1.3&nbsp;million volumes as of 2011. Completed in 1941, its construction was financed by Maharaja [[Sayajirao Gaekwad III]] of [[Baroda]]. In addition to the main library, there are three institute libraries, eight faculty libraries and over 25 departmental libraries available to students and staff.
@@ Line 95: / Line 100: @@
 The most prominent landmark is the [[Shri Vishwanath Mandir]], located in the centre of the campus. The foundation for this {{convert|252|ft|m}} high complex of seven temples was laid in March 1931, and took almost three decades to complete.<ref name="bhu-landmarks">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/aboutbhu/landmarks.html|title=Landmarks and Heritage of BHU|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=4 June 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614160823/http://www.bhu.ac.in/aboutbhu/landmarks.html|archive-date=14 June 2012}}</ref>
-[[Bharat Kala Bhavan]] is an art and archaeological museum on the campus. Established in January 1920, its first chairman was [[Nobel laureate]] [[Rabindranath Tagore]], with his nephew [[Abanindranath Tagore]] as the vice-chairman. The museum was expanded and gained prominence with the efforts of [[Rai Krishnadasa]].<ref name="kala-history">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm|title=History|publisher=Bharat Kala Bhavan|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=21 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521135427/http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The museum is best known for its collection of Indian paintings, but also includes archaeological artefacts, textiles and costumes, Indian philately as well as literary and archival materials.<ref name="kala-collection">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm|title=Collection|publisher=Bharat Kala Bhavan|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=21 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521135427/http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The Alice Boner Gallery was also set up at Bharat Kala Bhavan with the assistance of the Alice Boner Foundation in 1989 to mark the birth centenary of [[Alice Boner]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/kala/gallery_aliceboner.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817193547/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/kala/gallery_aliceboner.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 August 2018|title=Alice Boner Gallery}}</ref>
+Established in 1920, Bharat Kala Bhavan is the [[university museum]] of the Banaras Hindu University. It is situated inside the main campus of the university with over 100,000 holdings which include artifacts, paintings, [[philately]], textiles, costumes, etc.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Collection : Bharat Kala Bhavan |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/collection.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124073715/https://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/collection.htm |archive-date=24 January 2022 |access-date=24 January 2022 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2015 |title=Bharat Kala Bhawan (Museum) |url=http://www.easternuptourism.com/Bharat-Kala-Bhawan.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615061606/http://www.easternuptourism.com/Bharat-Kala-Bhawan.jsp |archive-date=15 June 2015 |access-date=24 January 2022}}</ref>
+{{Panorama
+| image = Aerial View of Banaras Hindu University.jpg
+| height = 200
+| caption = ''Scrollable image''. Aerial view of the university.
+}}
 === Rajiv Gandhi South Campus ===
-The south campus is located in Barkachha in [[Mirzapur district]],<ref name="bhu-rgsc-history" /> about {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of the main campus. Spread over an area of over {{convert|2700|acre|km2}}, it was transferred as a lease in perpetuity to BHU by the Bharat Mandal Trust in 1979.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|title=History|publisher=RGSC, Banaras Hindu University|access-date=25 June 2015|archive-date=8 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608011243/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+The south campus is located in Barkachha in [[Mirzapur district]],<ref name="bhu-rgsc-history" /> about {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of the main campus. Spread over an area of over {{convert|2700|acre|km2}}, it was transferred as a lease in perpetuity to BHU by the Bharat Mandal Trust in 1979.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|title=History|publisher=RGSC, Banaras Hindu University|access-date=25 June 2015|archive-date=8 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608011243/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Binay Singh|date=Dec 13, 2019 |title=Banaras Hindu University to erase Rajiv Gandhi's name from south campus {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/banaras-hindu-university-to-erase-rajiv-gandhis-name-from-south-campus/articleshow/72500371.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>[[File:RGSC BHU.jpg|thumb|Rajiv Gandhi South Campus of the university]]
-It hosts the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Agricultural Science Centre), with focus on research in agricultural techniques, agro-forestry and bio-diversity appropriate to the [[Vindhya Range]] region.<ref name="bhu-rgsc-projects">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/projects.html|title=Research Projects|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=18 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618043045/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/projects.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The South Campus features a lecture complex, library, student hostels and faculty housing, besides administrative offices.<ref name="bhu-rgsc-infra">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/infrastructure.html|title=Infrastructure|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=18 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618042920/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/infrastructure.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+It hosts the Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Agricultural Science Centre), with focus on research in agricultural techniques, agro-forestry and bio-diversity appropriate to the [[Vindhya Range]] region.<ref name="bhu-rgsc-projects">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/projects.html|title=Research Projects|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=18 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618043045/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/projects.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-27 |title=BHU में खुला ऐसा केंद्र जो किसानों की समस्या दूर करने संग आय बढाने के देगा टिप्स {{!}} RKY Speed Agricultural Industry Promotion Center Start in BHU |url=https://www.patrika.com/varanasi-news/rky-speed-agricultural-industry-promotion-center-start-in-bhu-5562316/ |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Patrika News |language=hi-IN}}</ref> The South Campus features a lecture complex, library, student hostels and faculty housing, besides administrative offices.<ref name="bhu-rgsc-infra">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/infrastructure.html|title=Infrastructure|publisher=Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=18 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618042920/http://www.bhu.ac.in/barkachha/infrastructure.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=May 17, 2010 |title=BHU south campus library to go digital {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-south-campus-library-to-go-digital/articleshow/5941886.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
 ===Halls of residence===
-BHU is a fully residential university with a total of 66 hostels - 41 hostels for male, 21 hostels for female students, and 4 hostels for [[International student]]s.<ref name="Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi">{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/|access-date=2021-12-10|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+[[File:Limbdi Hostel, IIT-BHU.jpg|alt=A hostel in the university|thumb|Limbdi hostel in the university]]
+BHU is a fully residential university with a total of 66 hostels<ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Jun 23, 2012 |title=BHU faces shortage of hostels {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-faces-shortage-of-hostels/articleshow/14346937.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> - 41 hostels for male, 21 hostels for female students, and 4 hostels for [[International student]]s.<ref name="Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi">{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/|access-date=10 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107231024/https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2016 |title=Tradition meets modernity |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/education/story/20160711-banaras-hindu-university-best-college-in-varanasi-829188-2016-06-30 |access-date=2022-05-30 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
-Hostels in the university are divided among different faculties, institutes, campuses, and colleges catering to their specific demands.
-Out of the four separate hostels for international students, two are for boys and the other two for girls.
+Hostels in the university are divided among different faculties, institutes, campuses, and colleges catering to their specific demands.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2022-03-12 |title=BHU to make 3 new hostels to accommodate RGSC college students |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/education/bhu-to-make-3-new-hostels-to-accommodate-rgsc-college-students-article-90166357 |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref> Out of the four separate hostels for international students, two are for boys and the other two for girls.<ref name="Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi" /><ref name=":2" />
-Hostels of the university are named after several historically important figures such as Raja Baldev Das Jugal Kishore Birla, [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]], [[Rani Laxmibai]] and [[M. Visvesvaraya]].<ref name="Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi" /> Some hostels are named after important rivers of India; 'Triveni' for instance was initially a cluster of three girls' hostels named after rivers [[Ganga]], [[Yamuna]], and [[Sarasvati River|Sarasvati]]; thereby the cluster being called after [[Triveni Sangam]]. Later, hostels named after river [[Godavari]] and [[Kaveri]] were also added to the 'Triveni' block.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/hostel_femal.php|access-date=2021-12-10|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+Hostels of the university are named after several historically important figures such as Raja Baldev Das Jugal Kishore Birla, [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]], [[Rani Laxmibai]] and [[M. Visvesvaraya]].<ref name="Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi" /> Some hostels are named after important rivers of India; 'Triveni' for instance was initially a cluster of three girls' hostels named after rivers [[Ganga]], [[Yamuna]], and [[Sarasvati River|Sarasvati]]; thereby the cluster being called after [[Triveni Sangam]]. Later, hostels named after river [[Godavari]] and [[Kaveri]] were also added to the 'Triveni' block.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/hostel_femal.php|access-date=10 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=10 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210142200/https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/hostel_femal.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
-BHU also provides on-campus residence to a substantial number of teaching and non-teaching staff. There are 654 quarters for teaching staff, 688 quarters for non-teaching staff.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/employeeaccomodation.php|access-date=2021-12-10|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+BHU also provides on-campus residence to a substantial number of teaching and non-teaching staff. There are 654 quarters for teaching staff, 688 quarters for non-teaching staff.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/employeeaccomodation.php|access-date=10 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=10 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210150726/https://www.bhu.ac.in/accommodation/employeeaccomodation.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
-{{Banaras Hindu University Hostels}}
 ==Organisation and administration==
 ===Governance===
-[[File:Ram Nath Kovind official portrait.jpg|alt=President Kovind, the incumbent Visitor of the university|thumb|150x150px|[[President of India|President]] [[Ram Nath Kovind|Kovind]], the incumbent Visitor of the university]]
+{{See also|Vice-Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University}}
-The [[President of India]] is the visitor of the university. The university's formal head is the [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]], though this is a titular figure, and is not involved with the day-to-day running of the university. The chancellor is elected by the members of the [[University Court]]. The university's chief executive is the [[Vice-Chancellor (education)|Vice-chancellor]], appointed by the [[President of India]] on the recommendations of [[Ministry of Education (India)|Ministry of Education]] which, in turn, is based on an open application process.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Appointment of Vice-Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University (BHU)|url=https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/advertisment/Advt_VC_BHU.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|website=[[Ministry of Education (India)]]}}</ref>
+[[File:President Droupadi Murmu official portrait higher version.jpg|left|thumb|161x161px|[[President of India|President]] [[Droupadi Murmu|Murmu]], Visitor of the university]]
+The [[President of India]] (as of December 2022, [[Droupadi Murmu]]) is the visitor of the Banaras Hindu University.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/admin/visitor.php |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=इलाहाबाद हाई कोर्ट ने कहा- BHU के बर्खास्त सहायक प्रोफेसर की विजिटर के समक्ष लंबित अपील का 1 माह में हो निस्‍तारण |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/allahabad-city-allahabad-high-court-expressed-hope-of-passing-an-appropriate-order-on-appeal-pending-before-visitor-of-dismissed-assistant-professor-of-bhu-23101400.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-02-27 |title=Kalam to address BHU convocation |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/kalam-to-address-bhu-convocation/story-01f8mihoQ5LIGOUftmQ8cL.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> The university's formal head is the [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]] (as of December 2022, [[Giridhar Malaviya]]), though this is a titular figure, and is not involved with the day-to-day running of the university.<ref>{{cite web|title=Madan Mohan Malviya's grandson named new chancellor of BHU|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/nov/26/justice-girdhar-malviya-elected-banaras-hindu-universitys-new-chancellor-1903553.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108123556/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/nov/26/justice-girdhar-malviya-elected-banaras-hindu-universitys-new-chancellor-1903553.html|archive-date=8 November 2020|access-date=25 November 2020|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> The chancellor is elected by the members of the [[University Court]]. The university's chief executive is the [[Vice-Chancellor (education)|Vice-chancellor]] (as of December 2022, [[Sudhir K. Jain]]),<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-14 |title=Sudhir K Jain appointed new VC of Banaras Hindu University |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/sudhir-k-jain-appointed-new-vc-of-banaras-hindu-university-101636907231008.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> appointed by the President of India on the recommendations of [[Ministry of Education (India)|Ministry of Education]] which, in turn, is based on an open application process.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Appointment of Vice-Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University (BHU)|url=https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/advertisment/Advt_VC_BHU.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|website=[[Ministry of Education (India)]]|archive-date=30 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030115205/https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/advertisment/Advt_VC_BHU.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Centre Posts Second Advertisement for BHU V-C Post within Nine Months, Eases Upper Age Limit |url=https://thewire.in/education/new-advertisement-forbhu-vc-post |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Wire}}</ref> All permanent administrative offices of the university are located in the Central Office.<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=hi:BHU: छात्रों ने किया सेंट्रल ऑफिस पर प्रदर्शन |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/story-bhu-students-performed-at-central-office-2066781.html |access-date=23 February 2022 |website=Live Hindustan |language=hi}}</ref>
+[[File:Banaras Hindu University Central Office (Registry) with BHU Flag atop.png|alt=The Central Office of BHU, which offices all permanent administrative officers of the university. Atop is the BHU flag at what is also known as the Central Registry.|thumb|The Central Office of BHU, atop is the BHU flag at what is also known as the Central Registry.]]
-The court is the supreme governing body of the university and exercises all the powers of the university, not otherwise provided for by the Banaras Hindu University Act, and the statutes, ordinances and regulations of the university.  The Executive Council is the highest executive body of the university. The Academic Council is the highest academic body of the university and is responsible for the maintenance of standards of instruction, education and examination within the university. It has the right to advise the Executive Council on all academic matters. The Finance Committee is responsible for recommending financial policies, goals, and budgets.<ref>{{cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University Act|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/content/BHU_ACT.pdf|access-date=25 November 2020|archive-date=26 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126150906/https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/content/BHU_ACT.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
+The university is governed as per the procedures laid out in the [[Banaras Hindu University Act|Banaras Hindu University Act of 1915]], and [[Banaras Hindu University Act#Statutes|statutes]] of the university.<ref name=":7" /> The Executive Council is the supreme executive governing body of the university and exercises all the powers on management and administration of the revenue, property, and administrative affairs of the university. The [[University court|University Court]] is the supreme advisory body to the [[Visitor]] for all matters not otherwise provided for by the [[Banaras Hindu University Act]], and the statutes.<ref>{{Cite law|type=Act|index=16|date=1915|article=10|legislature=[[Parliament of India]]|title=[[Banaras Hindu University Act]]|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap11.htm#10.%20chap1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite law|type=Act|index=16|date=1915|article=9|legislature=[[Parliament of India]]|title=[[Banaras Hindu University Act]]|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap11.htm#9.%20chap1}}</ref> The Academic Council is the highest academic body of the university and is responsible for the maintenance of standards of instruction, education and examination within the university.<ref>{{Cite law|type=Act|index=16|date=1915|article=11|legislature=[[Parliament of India]]|title=[[Banaras Hindu University Act]]|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap12.htm#11.%20chap1}}</ref> It has the right to advise the Executive Council on all academic matters. The Finance Committee is responsible for recommending financial policies, goals, and budgets.<ref>{{Cite law|type=Act|index=16|date=1915|article=14 of Chapter 2 (as per section 17(2) of the Act)|legislature=[[Parliament of India]]|title=[[Banaras Hindu University Act]] Chapter 2|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap212.htm#21.%20Finance%20Committee}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University Act|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/content/BHU_ACT.pdf|access-date=25 November 2020|archive-date=26 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126150906/https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/content/BHU_ACT.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:Sudhir K Jain Potrait.png|alt=Prof. Jain, the incumbent VC of the university|thumb|155x155px|[[Sudhir K. Jain|Prof. Jain]], Vice-Chancellor of the university]]
-In November 2021, the [[President of India]] appointed [[Sudhir K. Jain]] as the vice-chancellor of Banaras Hindu University. At the time, he was the third-term director of [[IIT Gandhinagar]].<ref>{{cite web|date=24 March 2018|title=JNU professor to be the new VC of Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/jnu-professor-to-be-the-new-vc-of-banaras-hindu-university/story-8s4nUsETOWnSQsBW4cocCM.html|access-date=25 November 2020|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109033245/https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/jnu-professor-to-be-the-new-vc-of-banaras-hindu-university/story-8s4nUsETOWnSQsBW4cocCM.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2018, Justice Girdhar Malviya, retired judge of [[Allahabad High Court]], was named the new chancellor of BHU. Justice Malviya is the grandson of BHU founder [[Mahamana]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Madan Mohan Malviya's grandson named new chancellor of BHU|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/nov/26/justice-girdhar-malviya-elected-banaras-hindu-universitys-new-chancellor-1903553.html|access-date=25 November 2020|website=The New Indian Express|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108123556/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/nov/26/justice-girdhar-malviya-elected-banaras-hindu-universitys-new-chancellor-1903553.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+The [[BHU Act]]<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=1|article-type=Chapter|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref> has clearly laid out procedure and functions of different administrative bodies of the university. All officers of the university draw their power and responsibilities from the BHU Act of 1915, and statues of the university.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU ACT CHAPTER II|url=https://bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap211.htm|access-date=14 January 2022|website=bhu.ac.in|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930185426/https://www.bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap211.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
+[[File:Office of the Controller of Examinations, Banaras Hindu University (BHU) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Office of the Controller of Examinations]]
-==== Administrative bodies ====
+=== University Temple ===
+{{Main|Shri Vishwanath Mandir}}[[File:New Vishwanath Temple at BHU.jpg|thumb|220x220px|[[Shri Vishwanath Mandir]] has the tallest temple tower in the world.<ref name="Brief description">{{cite news|title=Brief description|publisher=[[Benaras Hindu University]] website|access-date=7 March 2015|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/VT/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425201106/http://www.bhu.ac.in/VT/|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 April 2018}}</ref>]]The university has a university temple called Shri Vishwanath Mandir also known as Vishwanath Temple located in the center of the campus, primarily dedicated to [[Lord Shiva]] along with 8 other temples inside the main temple structure.<ref>{{cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.|url=https://new.bhu.ac.in/Site/UnitHomeTemplate/1_3316|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005162945/https://new.bhu.ac.in/Site/UnitHomeTemplate/1_3316|archive-date=5 October 2021|access-date=21 November 2021|website=new.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=काशी के शिवालय: कुतुबमीनार से भी ऊंचा है बीएचयू का विश्वनाथ मंदिर, नर्मदेश्वर बाणलिंग के रूप में विराजते हैं बाबा विश्वनाथ |url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/bhu-vishwanath-temple-in-varanasi-is-higher-than-qutub-minar-delhi |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref>
-The [[BHU Act]]<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=1|article-type=Chapter|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref> has clearly laid out procedure and functions of different administrative bodies of the university. Some of the primary administrative bodies include:
+=== International Centre ===
+BHU established International Centre, a university department in 2004 to handle all international academic affairs such as foreign students' applications, international collaboration, international alumni outreach.<ref name="International Centre">{{Cite web|title=International Centre|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/index1.htm|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=13 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213155709/https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/index1.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Nov 5, 2022 |title=Vietnamese Delegation Visits Bhu For Student Exchange Programme {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/vietnamese-delegation-visits-bhu-for-student-exchange-programme/articleshow/95312749.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |author=Punkhuri Kapoor|date=Aug 7, 2016 |title=When Gurudev taught BHU to focus on arts {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/when-gurudev-taught-bhu-to-focus-on-arts/articleshow/53583055.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
-===== The visitor =====
+=== University Museum ===
-The [[President of India]] is the ex-officio [[visitor]] of the university.<ref>{{cite web|title=BHU ACT CHAPTER I|url=https://bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap11.htm#5.%20chap1|access-date=2021-12-02|website=bhu.ac.in|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930194555/https://www.bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap11.htm#5.%20chap1|url-status=live}}</ref> S/he appoints the [[Vice-chancellor]] of the university.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=7(B) 1|article-type=Article|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref> As of November 2021, [[Ram Nath Kovind]] is the visitor of Banaras Hindu University.
+{{Main|Bharat Kala Bhavan}}
-===== The chancellor =====
+The University Museum, [[Bharat Kala Bhavan]], is an art and archaeological museum on the campus. Established in January 1920, its first chairman was [[Nobel laureate]] [[Rabindranath Tagore]], with his nephew [[Abanindranath Tagore]] as the vice-chairman.<ref name=":9" /> The museum was expanded and gained prominence with the efforts of Rai Krishnadasa.<ref name="kala-history">{{cite web |title=History |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521135427/http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm |archive-date=21 May 2012 |access-date=4 June 2012 |publisher=Bharat Kala Bhavan}}</ref> The museum is best known for its collection of Indian paintings, but also includes archaeological artefacts, textiles and costumes, Indian philately as well as literary and archival materials.<ref name="kala-collection">{{cite web |title=Collection |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120521135427/http://www.bhu.ac.in/kala/history.htm |archive-date=21 May 2012 |access-date=4 June 2012 |publisher=Bharat Kala Bhavan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Prashant |date=2022-07-21 |title=Bharat Kala Bhavan BHU : An archeological museum |url=https://pocketexplorer.in/bhu-museum-varanasi/ |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=PocketExplorer |language=en-US}}</ref> The Alice Boner Gallery was also set up at Bharat Kala Bhavan with the assistance of the Alice Boner Foundation in 1989 to mark the birth centenary of [[Alice Boner]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Alice Boner Gallery |url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/kala/gallery_aliceboner.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817193547/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/kala/gallery_aliceboner.htm |archive-date=17 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Alice from Switzerland: A Visionary Artist and Scholar Across Two Continents |url=https://www.eda.admin.ch/countries/india/it/home/aktuell/agenda.html/content/countries/india/en/meta/agenda/2017/february/exhibition---alice-from-switzerland--a-visionary-artist-and-scho |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=www.eda.admin.ch |language=it}}</ref>
-The [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]] is the head of the university, and is elected by the [[University court]] for a term of three years.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=7|article-type=Article|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref>
-[[File:Sudhir K Jain Potrait.png|alt=Prof. Jain, the incumbent VC of the university|thumb|155x155px|[[Sudhir K. Jain|Prof. Jain]], the incumbent VC of the university]]
-===== The vice chancellor =====
+{{Panorama
-The [[vice-chancellor]] is the [[Chief executive officer|chief executive]] and chief [[academics]] officer of the university.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=7(B)|article-type=Article|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref> He oversees day-to-day administration of the university, and acts as the ex-officio [[Chairman]] of the Executive Council, the Academic Council, and the Finance Committee of the university.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=7(C)|article-type=Article|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref>
+| image = Krishna killing Aghasura.Malwa,C.1760. BKB.jpg
+| height = 250
+| caption = [[Krishna]] killing [[Aghasura]], c. 1760 Malwa painting in University Museum
+| align =
+}}
-{{See also|List of vice-chancellors of Banaras Hindu University}}
+=== Banaras Hindu University Press ===
+[[File:Organization Chart of Banaras Hindu University (website).jpg|thumb|Organization chart of the university]]
-===== Other administrative bodies =====
+Established in 1936 with initial funding from [[Seth (surname)|Seth]] [[Jugal Kishore Birla]], formally the Banaras Hindu University Press and Publication Cell, is the [[university press]] of BHU. It comprises two entities, namely BHU Press, and the Publication Cell. While the BHU press publishes books, and journals of the university, the Publication Cell looks after the [[sales]] aspect.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/press_and_publication/|access-date=22 January 2022|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122180044/https://www.bhu.ac.in/press_and_publication/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Publisher: Banaras Hindu University Press {{!}} Open Library|url=https://openlibrary.org/publishers/Banaras_Hindu_University_Press|access-date=22 January 2022|website=openlibrary.org|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122180041/https://openlibrary.org/publishers/Banaras_Hindu_University_Press|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=प्रज्ञा : Banaras Hindu University journal|url=http://www-lib.tufs.ac.jp/opac/recordID/catalog.bib/AA11238167|access-date=22 January 2022|website=東京外国語大学附属図書館OPAC|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122180042/http://www-lib.tufs.ac.jp/opac/recordID/catalog.bib/AA11238167|url-status=live}}</ref> The BHU Press also publishes ''Vishwa [[Panchangam|Panchang]]'' prepared by the [[Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vigyan, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vigyan]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vishwa Panchangam, Kashi Hindu Vishwavidyalaya (22-23)|url=https://bhaktipooja.com/product/hrishikesh-panchang-kashi-21-22-हृषिकेश-पंचांग-काशी-2/|access-date=22 January 2022|website=Bhakti Pooja|language=en-US|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122185139/https://bhaktipooja.com/product/hrishikesh-panchang-kashi-21-22-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80-2/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=कांपेगा न्यूयार्क, भारत में अकाल-बाढ़ की भविष्यवाणी|url=https://www.amarujala.com/news-archives/india-news-archives/bhu-vishw-panchang-hindi-news-rk|access-date=22 January 2022|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122182104/https://www.amarujala.com/news-archives/india-news-archives/bhu-vishw-panchang-hindi-news-rk|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ordinances/188x.pdf|title=Internal Audit BHU 2018|pages=85|access-date=22 January 2022|archive-date=19 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819114652/http://bhu.ac.in/ordinances/188x.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
-[[File:Organization Chart of Banaras Hindu University (website).jpg|thumb|Organization chart of the university]]'''Rector'''
-The [[Rector (academia)|rector]] is a full-time salaried officer of the university. The Rector assists the Vice Chancellor in all matters, and on matters delegated to him.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=2 Article 3|article-type=Chapter|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref>
-'''Registrar'''
-The [[registrar (academic)|registrar]] is the executive head of all Assistant Registrars and their specifically delegated offices. He is the ex-officio [[Secretary]] of the Court, the Executive Council, the Academic Council, the Selection Committees and the [[Faculty of Ayurveda, Banaras Hindu University|Faculties]] of the university. He is also the custodian of all university records, university seal, etc.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=2 Article 4|article-type=Chapter|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref> Neeraj Tripathi is the current registrar of the university.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/admin/registar.php|access-date=2021-12-12|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-'''Finance officer'''
-The finance officer is a full-time officer of the university, on deputation from any of the organized services of the [[Civil Services of India]], usually (and erstwhile ''only)'' from the [[Indian Audit and Accounts Service]]. S/he acts as the general supervisor of university funds, and acts as an advisor on financial policy of the university.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=2 Article 5|article-type=Chapter|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref> Abhay Kumar, [[Indian Revenue Service|IRS]] is the current finance officer of the university.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Finance Officer Notification|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/jan2021/15/0001.pdf|url-status=live|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-'''Controller of examinations'''
-The controller of examinations is a full-time salaried officer of the university. S/he acts as the head executive for all functions relating to examinations in the university. University admissions are also controlled by him and his office.<ref>{{cite act|index=16|date=1915|article=2 Article 5(A)|article-type=Chapter|legislature=[[Imperial Legislative Council|Indian Parliament]]|title=The Banaras Hindu University Act|trans-title=BHU Act|page=|url=https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf|language=English}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119114614/https://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1915-16.pdf |date=19 November 2021 }}</ref> Manoj Kumar Pandey is the current university controller of examinations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/admin/ce.php|access-date=2021-12-12|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-=== University Temple ===
-[[File:New Vishwanath Temple at BHU.jpg|thumb|220x220px|[[Shri Vishwanath Mandir]] has the tallest temple tower in the world.<ref name="Brief description">{{cite news|title=Brief description|publisher=[[Benaras Hindu University]] website|access-date=7 March 2015|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/VT/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425201106/http://www.bhu.ac.in/VT/|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 April 2018}}</ref>]]{{Main|Shri Vishwanath Mandir}}
-The university has a university temple called '''Shri Vishwanath Mandir''' also known as '''Vishwanath Mandir''', '''Vishwanath Temple''', '''New Vishwanath Temple''' located in the center of the campus, primarily dedicated to [[Lord Shiva]] along with 8 other temples inside the main temple structure.<ref>{{cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.|url=https://new.bhu.ac.in/Site/UnitHomeTemplate/1_3316|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005162945/https://new.bhu.ac.in/Site/UnitHomeTemplate/1_3316|archive-date=5 October 2021|access-date=2021-11-21|website=new.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-=== International Centre ===
-BHU established International Centre, a university department in 2004 to handle all international academic affairs such as foreign students' applications, international collaboration, international alumni outreach.<ref name="International Centre">{{Cite web|title=International Centre|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/index1.htm|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
 == Academics ==
-Academic entities in the university are divided in several types of units with varying independence and budget. ''Institutes'' are a cluster of one or more faculties; ''faculties'' are a cluster of one or more departments, departments are specifically dedicated to one subject such as political science, or mathematics, or pottery. The university also has special chairs, inter-disciplinary schools, and special centres.<ref>{{cite web|date=|title=The Schedule The Statutes Of The University|url=http://education.nic.in/cd50years/x/7H/8I/7H8I0201.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417011232/http://education.nic.in/cd50years/x/7H/8I/7H8I0201.htm|archive-date=17 April 2009|access-date=2021-12-02|website=education.nic.in}}</ref>
+Academic entities in the Banaras Hindu University are divided in several types of units with varying independence and budget. ''Institutes'' are a cluster of one or more faculties; ''faculties'' are a cluster of one or more departments, departments are specifically dedicated to one subject such as political science, or mathematics, or pottery. The university also has special chairs, inter-disciplinary schools, and special centres.<ref>{{cite web|date=|title=The Schedule The Statutes Of The University|url=http://education.nic.in/cd50years/x/7H/8I/7H8I0201.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417011232/http://education.nic.in/cd50years/x/7H/8I/7H8I0201.htm|archive-date=17 April 2009|access-date=2 December 2021|website=education.nic.in}}</ref>
 ===Institutes===
-Banaras Hindu University maintains six institutes:[[File:Dept of Electrical Engineering IIT-BHU.jpg|thumb|220x220px|Dept. of Electrical Engineering IIT-BHU]]
+Banaras Hindu University maintains six institutes:<ref name=":4">{{cite web |title=UGC BHU Fact Sheet |url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/Annexure-I%20(A%20brief%20note%20about%20the%20University).doc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211052710/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ugc/Annexure-I%20(A%20brief%20note%20about%20the%20University).doc |archive-date=11 December 2018}}</ref><ref name=":5" />
-==== Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-BHU) ====
-{{Main|Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi}}
-IIT-BHU has its roots in the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IT-BHU). Upon receiving a proposal from the [[MHRD]] to convert IT-BHU into an [[Indian Institutes of Technology]], the university's Executive Council approved the change in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IRMA - Home {{!}} Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)|url=https://iitbhu.ac.in/rnd/irma|access-date=2021-12-12|website=iitbhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='Turn BHU-ITI into full-fledged IIT'|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2005/nov/18iit.htm|access-date=2021-12-12|website=Rediff|language=en}}</ref> Today the IIT-BHU functions as an autonomous [[IIT]], with certain powers vested in the BHU. IIT provides courses at [[Undergraduate degree|UG]], [[Postgraduate education|PG]], and [[PhD]] level.
-==== Institute of Science (ISc-BHU) ====
-{{Main|Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University}}
-The Institute of Science, originally established as the Faculty of Science and later upgraded, provides education in [[zoology]], [[botany]], [[biochemistry]], [[computer science]], [[geography]], [[mathematics]], [[physics]], [[geology]], [[geophysics]] , [[chemistry]], [[statistics]].
-==== Institute of Agricultural Sciences (IAS-BHU) ====
+[[File:Dept of Electrical Engineering IIT-BHU.jpg|thumb|220x220px|Dept. of Electrical Engineering IIT-BHU]]
+[[Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi|The Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University]] (IIT-BHU) has its roots in the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University (IT-BHU). Upon receiving a proposal from the [[MHRD]] to convert IT-BHU into an [[Indian Institutes of Technology]], the university's Executive Council approved the change in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IRMA - Home {{!}} Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)|url=https://iitbhu.ac.in/rnd/irma|access-date=12 December 2021|website=iitbhu.ac.in|archive-date=12 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212124838/https://iitbhu.ac.in/rnd/irma|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title='Turn BHU-ITI into full-fledged IIT'|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2005/nov/18iit.htm|access-date=12 December 2021|website=Rediff|language=en|archive-date=12 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212124826/https://www.rediff.com/money/2005/nov/18iit.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Today the IIT-BHU functions as an autonomous [[IIT]], with certain powers vested in the BHU. IIT provides courses at [[Undergraduate degree|UG]], [[Postgraduate education|PG]], and [[PhD]] level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISRO, IIT (BHU) To Collaborate On Research In Space Science Technology |url=https://www.ndtv.com/education/isro-iit-bhu-offer-short-term-projects-for-btech-mtech-research-students |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=NDTV.com |language=en}}</ref>
-{{Main|Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University}}
+[[File:Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University.jpg|alt=Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University|thumb|Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University]]
-Established in 1931 as the Institute of Agricultural Research, IAS-BHU is one of the premier institutes of agricultural sciences in India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ias/|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> The institute comprises 11 departments and four auxiliary units and imparts education through undergraduate, postgraduate, special courses, PhD, and diploma programs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ias/history.php|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+The [[Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University|Institute of Science]], originally established as the Faculty of Science and later upgraded, provides education in [[zoology]], [[botany]], [[biochemistry]], [[computer science]], [[geography]], [[mathematics]], [[physics]], [[geology]], [[geophysics]] , [[chemistry]], [[statistics]].<ref>{{Cite web |author=Binay Singh|date=Nov 23, 2022 |title=2 Bhu Profs Get 'outreach Grant' For Genetics Concept {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/2-bhu-profs-get-outreach-grant-for-genetics-concept/articleshow/95701847.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Nov 13, 2022 |title=Bhu Prof Conferred Asca Award {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-prof-conferred-asca-award/articleshow/95482139.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute of Science - Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/Site/UnitHomeTemplate/1_147_1103_Main-Site-Institutes-and-Faculties |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> The Institute also publishes the [[double-blind]] [[peer reviewed]] ''[[Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University#Journal of Scientific Research of the Banaras Hindu University|Journal of Scientific Research]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Das |first1=Gopinath |last2=Das |first2=Amit Kumar |last3=Dutta |first3=Bidyarthi |date=September 2021 |title=Exploring 120 years of Indian physics and astronomy journals |url=http://14.139.47.23/index.php/ALIS/article/view/44365/465479559 |journal=[[Annals of Library and Information Studies]] |volume=68 |pages=238–257}}</ref>
-==== Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS-BHU) ====
+[[File:Rice Field Crop.jpg|alt=Agriculture Fields of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU|thumb|Agriculture Fields of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU]]
-[[File:Institute Of Medical Sciences BHU.jpg|thumb|Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU|220x220px]]{{Main|Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University}}
+Established in 1931 as the Institute of Agricultural Research, the [[Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University|Institute of Agricultural Sciences]] is one of the premier institutes of agricultural sciences in India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ias/|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107221239/https://www.bhu.ac.in/ias/|url-status=live}}</ref> The institute comprises 11 departments and four auxiliary units and imparts education through undergraduate, postgraduate, special courses, PhD, and diploma programs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ias/history.php|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107222431/https://www.bhu.ac.in/ias/history.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Nov 14, 2022 |title=Formulate Curriculum To Make Ias Leader In Agri Studies: Bhu Vc {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/formulate-curriculum-to-make-ias-leader-in-agri-studies-bhu-vc/articleshow/95499216.cms |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BHU Admission 2020: Application Begins For PhD Programmes In Agriculture |url=https://www.ndtv.com/education/bhu-application-begins-for-phd-programmes-in-agriculture |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=NDTV.com |language=en}}</ref>
+[[File:Institute Of Medical Sciences BHU.jpg|thumb|Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU|220x220px]]
-IMS-BHU, comprising three faculties and one college, is one of the premier medical institutions in India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_about|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Best MEDICAL Colleges 2020: List of Top MEDICAL Colleges 2020 in India|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/bestcolleges/2020/ranks/1824931|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.indiatoday.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Best colleges: THE WEEK-Hansa Research Survey 2019|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/07/best-colleges-the-week-hansa-research-survey-2019.html|access-date=2021-12-13|website=The Week|language=en}}</ref> The institute provides courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, PhD, and diploma levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_student|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> It also has the [[Sir Sunderlal Hospital]], and a [[Trauma center|Trauma centre]] and [[Hospital#Specialized|Super Speciality Hospital]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_trauma|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>[[File:Sir sundar lal hospital.jpg|thumb|[[Sir Sunderlal Hospital|Sir Sundarlal Hospital]], IMS-BHU]]
+The [[Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University|Institute of Medical Sciences]], comprising three faculties and one college, is one of the premier medical institutions in India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_about|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=13 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213064539/https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_about|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Best MEDICAL Colleges 2020: List of Top MEDICAL Colleges 2020 in India|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/bestcolleges/2020/ranks/1824931|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.indiatoday.in|archive-date=21 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021020019/https://www.indiatoday.in/bestcolleges/2020/ranks/1824931|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Best colleges: THE WEEK-Hansa Research Survey 2019|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/07/best-colleges-the-week-hansa-research-survey-2019.html|access-date=13 December 2021|website=The Week|language=en|archive-date=21 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021203820/https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/07/best-colleges-the-week-hansa-research-survey-2019.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The institute provides courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, PhD, and diploma levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_student|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=13 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213064530/https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_student|url-status=live}}</ref> It also has the [[Sir Sunderlal Hospital]], and a [[Trauma center|Trauma centre]] and [[Hospital#Specialized|Super Speciality Hospital]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_trauma|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=13 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213064533/https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=hm_trauma|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:Sir sundar lal hospital.jpg|thumb|[[Sir Sunderlal Hospital|Sir Sundarlal Hospital]], IMS-BHU]]
-==== Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development (IESD-BHU) ====
-[[File:IESD BHU Logo.jpg|alt=IESD-BHU|thumb|IESD-BHU]]
-The Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development (IESD) aiming to develop and advance the knowledge of technology and processes for sustainable development was started in 2010.<ref name="iesd-welcome">{{cite web|title=Welcome|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/institute_enviroment_sustanable/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518100351/http://www.bhu.ac.in/institute_enviroment_sustanable/|archive-date=18 May 2012|access-date=4 June 2012|publisher=Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development, BHU}}</ref> The institute was established in accordance with the [[United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development]] goal to contribute significantly to the development of appropriate knowledge and competences in the area of sustainable development.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://bhu.ac.in/iesd/|access-date=2021-12-28|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+The Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development (IESD), which aims to develop and advance the knowledge of technology and processes for sustainable development, was started in 2010.<ref name="iesd-welcome">{{cite web|title=Welcome|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/institute_enviroment_sustanable/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518100351/http://www.bhu.ac.in/institute_enviroment_sustanable/|archive-date=18 May 2012|access-date=4 June 2012|publisher=Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development, BHU}}</ref> The institute was established in accordance with the [[United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development]] goal to contribute significantly to the development of appropriate knowledge and competences in the area of sustainable development.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://bhu.ac.in/iesd/|access-date=28 December 2021|website=bhu.ac.in|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107222556/https://www.bhu.ac.in/iesd/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BHU continues to shine as varsity's Environmental Sciences makes it to 'QS Rankings by Subject' |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/bhu-continues-to-shine-as-varsity-s-environmental-sciences-makes-it-to-qs-rankings-by-subject-1934973-2022-04-08 |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
-==== Institute of Management Studies (FMS-BHU or  IMSt-BHU) ====
+Starting as the Department of Management Studies, which was upgraded to Faculty of Management Studies in 1984, IMSt-BHU was finally upgraded into an institute in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Institute of Management Studies, BHU.|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/aboutfms.php|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130073831/https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/aboutfms.php|url-status=live}}</ref> The Institute of Management Studies is the [[business school]] of Banaras Hindu University.  Among the earliest management schools in India, the institute imparts education at postgraduate and doctoral levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Institute of Management Studies, BHU.|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/admissions.php|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130083311/https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/admissions.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=16 December 2015|title=No. R/GAD/Amend.Statute 3.A/36737|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/NofIoMS-BHU16Dec2015.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403161802/http://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/NofIoMS-BHU16Dec2015.pdf|archive-date=3 April 2018|website=Banaras Hindu University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=बीएचयू प्रबंध अध्ययन संस्थान के छात्रों का चयन |url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/selection-of-students-of-bhu-institute-of-management-studies-varanasi-news-vns6349991188 |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref> [[Alok Kumar Rai]], a professor at FMS-BHU is currently the vice-chancellor of the [[University of Lucknow]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-28 |title=BHU's Prof Alok Kumar Rai appointed vice-chancellor of Lucknow University |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/bhu-s-prof-alok-kumar-rai-appointed-vice-chancellor-of-lucknow-university/story-dFt1eSBVSSebJxwPTlJPbL.html |access-date=2022-09-11 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
-Starting as the Department of Management Studies, which was upgraded to Faculty of Management Studies in 1984, IMSt-BHU was finally upgraded into an institute in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Institute of Management Studies, BHU.|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/aboutfms.php|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> The Institute of Management Studies is the [[business school]] of Banaras Hindu University.  Among the earliest management schools in India, the institute imparts education at postgraduate and doctoral levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Institute of Management Studies, BHU.|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/admissions.php|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=December 16, 2015|title=No. R/GAD/Amend.Statute 3.A/36737|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/NofIoMS-BHU16Dec2015.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403161802/http://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/NofIoMS-BHU16Dec2015.pdf|archive-date=3 April 2018|website=Banaras Hindu University}}</ref>
 ===Faculties===
-Academic faculties of the university include:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/education/faculty.html |title=Faculty & Institute, BHU |publisher=Bhu.ac.in |date=19 August 2006 |access-date=19 August 2011 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928115824/http://www.bhu.ac.in/education/faculty.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
+There are nine standalone (which are not under any institute or college) faculties at the Banaras Hindu University:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/education/faculty.html |title=Faculty & Institute, BHU |publisher=Bhu.ac.in |date=19 August 2006 |access-date=19 August 2011 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928115824/http://www.bhu.ac.in/education/faculty.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" />
-*Faculty of Arts
-*Faculty of Commerce
-*Faculty of Education
-*Faculty of Law
-*Faculty of Performing Arts
-*Faculty of Social Sciences
-*Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vijnan Sankaya
-*Faculty of Visual Arts
-==== Faculty of Arts (FoA) ====
+[[File:Varanasi (6706096103).jpg|thumb|220x220px|Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University]]
-[[File:Faculty of Arts, BHU.JPG|thumb|Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University]]
+Founded in 1898 as the Central Hindu College, the [[Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Arts]] is the oldest faculty of the university. It offers courses in History, Culture, Philosophy, Languages, Literature along with various professional and vocational courses. Due to its nature of age, it is also called the 'Mother faculty' of the university.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Faculty of Arts|url=https://bhu.ac.in/arts.htm|access-date=7 December 2021|website=bhu.ac.in|archive-date=28 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128213438/http://www.bhu.ac.in/arts.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University gets a Department of Museology |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/edugraph/news/banaras-hindu-university-gets-a-department-of-museology/cid/1870883 |access-date=2022-12-17 |website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |date=2017-07-05 |title=Banaras Hindu University (BHU) opens doors for girls in arts, social sciences faculties |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/banaras-hindu-university-bhu-opens-doors-for-girls-in-arts-social-sciences-faculties/story-EU0y3qgKM7WxxD6hcWTPfL.html |access-date=2022-12-17 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
-{{Main articles|Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University}}
-Founded in 1898 as the [[Central Hindu College]], Faculty of Arts is the oldest faculty of the university. It offers courses in History, Culture, Philosophy, Languages, Literature along with various professional and vocational courses. Due to its nature of age, it is also called the 'Mother faculty' of the university.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Faculty of Arts|url=https://bhu.ac.in/arts.htm|access-date=2021-12-07|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-==== Faculty of Commerce (FoC) ====
+Established in 1940 as the Department of Commerce, the [[Faculty of Commerce, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Commerce]] was fully institutionalized as an independent faculty in 1965.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Commerce, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/commerce/|access-date=22 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107221459/https://www.bhu.ac.in/commerce/|url-status=live}}</ref> The FoC offers courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral levels in commerce, [[financial management]], [[foreign trade]], and [[Risk management|risk & insurance.]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Commerce, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/commerce/courses.php|access-date=22 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222134158/https://www.bhu.ac.in/commerce/courses.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Work from home BHU वाणिज्य संकाय के प्रोफेसर एचके सिंह जूम एप से दे रहे व्याख्यान |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi-city-work-from-home-bhu-commerce-professor-hk-singh-giving-lectures-from-zoom-app-20177515.html |access-date=2022-12-17 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>
-{{Main|Faculty of Commerce, Banaras Hindu University}}
-Established in 1940 as the Department of Commerce, Faculty of Commerce was fully institutionalized as an independent faculty in 1965.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Commerce, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/commerce/|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> The FoC offers courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral levels in commerce, [[financial management]], [[foreign trade]], and [[Risk management|risk & insurance.]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Commerce, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/commerce/courses.php|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-==== Faculty of Education (FoE) ====
+Established in 1918 as the Teacher's Training College, the Faculty of Education is based out of the Kamachha Complex ''(''outside main campus'')''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Education, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/education_faculty/|access-date=22 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107221800/https://www.bhu.ac.in/education_faculty/|url-status=live}}</ref> The FoE provides [[B.Ed]], [[Blindness and education|B.Ed (Special Visual Impairment)]], [[M.Ed]] and [[Ph.D]] in education.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Education, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/education_faculty/courses.php|access-date=22 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222134208/https://www.bhu.ac.in/education_faculty/courses.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Established in 1918 as the Teacher's Training College, Faculty of Education is based out of the Kamachha Complex ''(outside main campus)''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Education, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/education_faculty/|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> The FoE provides [[B.Ed]], [[Blindness and education|B.Ed (Special Visual Impairment)]], [[M.Ed]] and [[Ph.D]] in education.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Education, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/education_faculty/courses.php|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-==== Faculty of Law (Law School) ====
+Established in 1922, the [[Faculty of Law, Banaras Hindu University|Law School]] offers courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral, and diploma level in [[Legal education in India|law]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Law School, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/courses.html|access-date=22 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222134158/https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/courses.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-{{Main|Faculty of Law, Banaras Hindu University}}
-Established in 1922, the Law School offers courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral, and diploma level in [[Legal education in India|law]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Law School, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/courses.html|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-==== Faculty of Performing Arts (FPA) ====
+The Faculty of Performing Arts offers [[Undergraduate education#Indian system|undergraduate]], [[Postgraduate education|postgraduate]] and [[doctorate]] courses in [[performing arts]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=BHU invites applications for music, dance, performing arts diploma programmes |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/notification/story/bhu-invites-applications-for-music-dance-performing-arts-diploma-programmes-1862699-2021-10-08 |access-date=2022-12-17 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> It was founded in 1950 and had several renowned and award-winning artists and musicians as faculty members.<ref name="Faculty of Performing Arts">{{cite news|title=Faculty of Performing Arts|publisher=BHU website|access-date=25 June 2015|url=http://bhu.ac.in/performing_arts/|archive-date=19 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619122226/http://bhu.ac.in/performing_arts/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Location">{{cite news|title=Location|publisher=Latlong.net|access-date=25 June 2015|url=http://www.latlong.net/|archive-date=7 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807151635/http://www.latlong.net/|url-status=live}}</ref> Faculty of Performing Arts was started by [[Omkarnath Thakur]] in 1950. It was initially instituted as a college called "Music and Fine Arts". In 1966, under Govind Malviya and founding principal Omkarnath Thakur, the college was restructured to a faculty, with three departments ([[Vocal music]], [[Instrumental music]] and [[Musicology]]). The Faculty of Performing Arts claims to have started the first department of [[Musicology]] in India headed by musicologist [[Prem Lata Sharma]].<ref name="Faculty of Performing Arts"/>
-The Faculty of Performing Arts offers [[Undergraduate education#Indian system|undergraduate]], [[Postgraduate education|postgraduate]] and [[doctorate]] courses in [[performing arts]]. It was founded in 1950 and had several renowned and award-winning artists and musicians as faculty members.<ref name="Faculty of Performing Arts">{{cite news|title=Faculty of Performing Arts|publisher=BHU website|access-date=25 June 2015|url=http://bhu.ac.in/performing_arts/|archive-date=19 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619122226/http://bhu.ac.in/performing_arts/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Location">{{cite news|title=Location|publisher=Latlong.net|access-date=25 June 2015|url=http://www.latlong.net/|archive-date=7 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807151635/http://www.latlong.net/|url-status=live}}</ref> Faculty of Performing Arts was started by [[Omkarnath Thakur]] in 1950. It was initially instituted as a college called "Music and Fine Arts". In 1966, under Govind Malviya and founding principal Omkarnath Thakur, the college was restructured to a faculty, with three departments ([[Vocal music]], [[Instrumental music]] and [[Musicology]]). The Faculty of Performing Arts claims to have started the first department of [[Musicology]] in India headed by musicologist [[Prem Lata Sharma]].<ref name="Faculty of Performing Arts"/>
-==== Faculty of Social Sciences (FSS) ====
+[[File:Universidad de Banaras (Hindú).jpg|alt=Faculty building of the university|thumb|Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vijnan]]
-[[File:Fss vasu.jpg|thumb|Faculty of Social Sciences (Old PG Building) as seen from Faculty of Arts building|293x293px]]
+Established in 1918, the [[Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vigyan, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vijnan (SVDV)]] offers courses at ''Shastri'' (undergraduate), ''[[Acharya#Acharya (degree)|Acharya]]'' (postgraduate), ''Vidyavardhi'' (doctoral) and diploma levels in [[Hindu]], [[Jain]], and [[Buddhism]] practices and philosophies.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU : Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/svdv/pg_courses.php|access-date=22 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222134205/https://www.bhu.ac.in/svdv/pg_courses.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-23 |title=BHU row: RSS affiliate backs Professor Firoze Khan; students opposing end sit-in protest |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bhu-row-rss-affiliate-backs-professor-khan-students-opposing-end-sit-in-protest-6132678/ |access-date=2022-12-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> The Faculty of Visual Arts offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in [[Applied arts|applied]] and [[visual arts]]. It was founded in 1916.<ref name="About Faculty">{{cite news|title=About Faculty of Visual Arts|publisher=BHU website|access-date=1 October 2015|url=http://bhu.ac.in/visualarts/|archive-date=7 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007063241/http://www.bhu.ac.in/visualarts/|url-status=live}}</ref> It includes five departments: [[Painting]], Applied arts, [[Plastic arts]], [[Pottery]] and [[Ceramics]], and [[Textile]] designing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Visual Arts, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/visualarts/|access-date=22 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222134200/https://www.bhu.ac.in/visualarts/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-The Faculty of Social Sciences offers [[Undergraduate education#Indian system|undergraduate]] and [[Postgraduate education|postgraduate]] courses in [[Social science]]. It was bifurcated from the [[Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Arts]] in 1971. It includes the departments of Economics, History, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to "Faculty of Social Sciences"|url=http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063018/http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Other than the departments, there are five centres which carry on the studies in various fields, namely the Centre for the Study of Nepal, Centre for Women's Study and Development, Centre for Integrated Rural Development, Centre for the Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusion Policy and the Malviya Centre for Peace Research. and Special Courses like Master of Personnel Management and Industrial Relations (MPMIR) <ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to "Faculty of Social Sciences"|url=http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063018/http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|url-status=live}} Click "Centers".</ref>
+The Faculty of Social Sciences was bifurcated from the [[Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Arts]] in 1971.<ref name=":10" /> It offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in [[Social science]] and includes the departments of Economics, History, Political Science, Psychology and Sociology.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to "Faculty of Social Sciences"|url=http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063018/http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|url-status=live}}</ref> Other than the departments, there are five centres which carry on the studies in various fields, namely the Centre for the Study of Nepal, Centre for Women's Study and Development, Centre for Integrated Rural Development, Centre for the Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusion Policy and the Malviya Centre for Peace Research. and Special Courses like Master of Personnel Management and Industrial Relations (MPMIR) <ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to "Faculty of Social Sciences"|url=http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063018/http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/|url-status=live}} Click "Centers".</ref>
-The faculty holds three chairs, the currently ({{as of|2018|lc=y}}) vacant Babu Jagjivan Ram Chair for Social Research, commemorating [[Jagjivan Ram]] and his contributions,<ref>{{cite web|title=Babu Jagjivan Ram Chair for Social Research (BJRC)|url=http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/chair.php|website=bhu.ac.in|publisher=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Social Sciences Varanasi|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063048/http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/chair.php|url-status=live}}</ref> the Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Chair for Nationalism & National Integration established in 2016<ref>{{cite web|title=The Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Chair|url=http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/ambedkar/|website=bhu.ac.in|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=8 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208133933/http://www.bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/ambedkar/|url-status=live}}</ref> and the Pt. [[Deendayal Upadhyaya|Deendayal Upadhyay]] Chair, established in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Chair|url=http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/deendayal/|website=bhu.ac.in|publisher=Banaras Hindu University|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063046/http://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/deendayal/|url-status=live}}</ref>
+=== Colleges and schools ===
-Currently, [[Koushal Kishor Mishra]] is the Dean of Faculty of Social Sciences. This faculty also has several professors at administrative positions likewise: Professor Sanjay Srivastava as the Member of BHU Court and Professor Ram Pravesh Pathak (Former Dean) as Chairman of Student Grievance Cell.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Social Sciences Varanasi|url=https://bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/dean.php|access-date=2021-12-07|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+====Colleges====
+Four colleges in Varanasi are admitted to the privileges of the Banaras Hindu University.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU ACT CHAPTER II|url=https://bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap221.htm#36.%20Admission%20of%20Colleges,%20etc.%20to%20the%20privileges%20of%20the%20University|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207125454/https://bhu.ac.in/bhuact/bhuact_chap221.htm#36.%20Admission%20of%20Colleges,%20etc.%20to%20the%20privileges%20of%20the%20University|archive-date=7 February 2022|access-date=7 February 2022|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Profile of the University|url=http://new.bhu.ac.in/Images/files/RARFINAL.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207125052/http://new.bhu.ac.in/Images/files/RARFINAL.pdf|archive-date=7 February 2022|access-date=7 February 2022|page=13}}</ref>
-In 2021, the Faculty of Social Sciences started a [[Postgraduate education|postgraduate]] course [[M.A.]] in [[Kashi (Varanasi)|Kashi]] Studies, specializing  in the political, religious, and social history of the ancient holy city.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-17|title=BHU plans to start PG course on 'Kashi Studies' soon|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/bhu-plans-to-start-pg-course-on-kashi-studies-soon-7231539/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
+The [[DAV Post Graduate College]] is a [[Public college|public]], [[co-ed]], [[research college]] admitted to the privileges of Banaras Hindu University, which was established in 1938. The DAV PG College is also accredited with A+ rating by NAAC.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History|url=https://davpgcvns.ac.in/history/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413071505/https://davpgcvns.ac.in/history/|archive-date=13 April 2021|access-date=23 December 2021|website=DAV PG College|language=en-US}}</ref> There are three public women's colleges: [[Arya Mahila PG College|Arya Mahila Post Graduate College]], established in 1956;<ref>{{Cite web|title=ARYA MAHILA P.G. COLLEGE VARANASI|url=https://ampgc.ac.in/webpage/cmspage.aspx?rpk1av69BYsh+yQl7Ut7JBMbrMwXyYL5GXvUWcOzzAw=|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223115818/https://ampgc.ac.in/webpage/cmspage.aspx?rpk1av69BYsh+yQl7Ut7JBMbrMwXyYL5GXvUWcOzzAw=|archive-date=23 December 2021|access-date=23 December 2021|website=ampgc.ac.in}}</ref> [[Vasanta College for Women]], which was established in 1913 by [[Annie Besant]];<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us|url=https://vasantakfi.ac.in/about-us-2-2/profile/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223115818/https://vasantakfi.ac.in/about-us-2-2/profile/|archive-date=23 December 2021|access-date=23 December 2021|website=Vasanta College for Women|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya]], established in 1954.<ref>{{Cite web|title=College At A Glance -> History|url=http://vkm.org.in/pages/college_at_a_glance/history|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211223115817/http://vkm.org.in/pages/college_at_a_glance/history|archive-date=23 December 2021|access-date=23 December 2021|website=vkm.org.in}}</ref>
-==== Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vijnan (SVDV) ====
+====Schools====
-{{Main|Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vigyan, Banaras Hindu University}}
+Three schools in Varanasi are run by the Banaras Hindu University School Board:<ref>{{Cite web |title=BHU Schools |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/school/ |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-Established in 1918, the SVDV offers courses at ''Shastri'' (undergraduate), [[Acharya]] (postgradaute), ''Vidyavardhi'' (doctoral) and diploma levels in [[Hindu]], [[Jain]], and [[Buddhism]] practices and philoshphies.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU : Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/svdv/pg_courses.php|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+* [[Ranveer Sanskrit Vidyalaya]],<ref>{{cite web|title=RSV|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ranvir/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723093419/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ranvir/|archive-date=23 July 2018}}</ref>
+* [[Central Hindu Boys School]]<ref>{{cite web|title=CHS|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/chs/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721172601/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/chs/|archive-date=21 July 2018}}</ref>
-==== Faculty of Visual Arts (FVA) ====
+* [[Central Hindu Girls School]]<ref>{{cite web|title=CHGS|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/CHGS/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721173326/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/CHGS/|archive-date=21 July 2018}}</ref>
-The Faculty of Visual Arts offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in [[Applied arts|applied]] and [[visual arts]]. It was founded in 1916.<ref name="About Faculty">{{cite news|title=About Faculty of Visual Arts|publisher=BHU website|access-date=1 October 2015|url=http://bhu.ac.in/visualarts/|archive-date=7 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007063241/http://www.bhu.ac.in/visualarts/|url-status=live}}</ref> It includes five departments: [[Painting]], [[Applied arts]], [[Plastic arts]], [[Pottery]] and [[Ceramics]], and [[Textile]] designing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Visual Arts, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/visualarts/|access-date=2021-12-22|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+[[Kendriya Vidyalaya BHU]] situated inside the university campus is an autonomous body under the [[Ministry of Education (India)|Ministry of Education]], run by the [[Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan|Kendriya Vidyalya Sangathan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA (BHU)VARANASI |url=https://bhuvaranasi.kvs.ac.in/about-us/about-kvs |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=bhuvaranasi.kvs.ac.in}}</ref>
 ===Inter-disciplinary schools===
@@ Line 255: / Line 222: @@
 ====DBT-BHU Interdisciplinary School of Life Sciences====
-The Interdisciplinary School of Life Sciences (ISLS) is a joint initiative of the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), [[Government of India]] and the BHU. It was established with a grant of INR 238.9&nbsp;million from the DBT.<ref name="toi-lifesci">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-07/varanasi/28089134_1_life-sciences-bd-singh-dp-singh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105070023/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-07/varanasi/28089134_1_life-sciences-bd-singh-dp-singh|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 November 2012|title=Central grant to BHU for school of life sciences|date=7 October 2009|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=18 December 2019}}</ref>
+The Interdisciplinary School of Life Sciences (ISLS) is a joint initiative of the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India and the BHU. It was established with a grant of INR 238.9&nbsp;million from the DBT.<ref name="toi-lifesci">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-07/varanasi/28089134_1_life-sciences-bd-singh-dp-singh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105070023/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-07/varanasi/28089134_1_life-sciences-bd-singh-dp-singh|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 November 2012|title=Central grant to BHU for school of life sciences|date=7 October 2009|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=18 December 2019}}</ref>
 ===Research centres===
 Apart from specialised centres directly funded by DBT, DST, [[Indian Council of Agricultural Research|ICAR]] and [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]], a large number of departments under the Institutes of Sciences, Engineering & Technology and Faculty of Social Sciences receive funding from the DST Fund for Improvement of Science & Technology Infrastructure (FIST) and the [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] (UGC) Special Assistance Programme (SAP). UGC SAP provides funds under its Centre of Advanced Study (CAS), Department of Special Assistance (DSA) and Departmental Research Support (DRS) programmes.<ref name="ugc-financial">{{cite web|url=http://www.ugc.ac.in/financialsupport/guideline_24.html|title=Financial Support: Special Assistance Programme (SAP)|publisher=University Grants Commission|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=4 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204062101/http://www.ugc.ac.in/financialsupport/guideline_24.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-BHU research centres include:
+The Centre for Genetic Disorders was established in 2008. This centre is involved in genetic diagnosis and counselling of cases referred from BHU hospital. The centre is engaged in research on various genetic disorders. It offers Ph.D. programmes and a one-year PG diploma course on Chromosomal, Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics.<ref>{{cite web|title=Centre for Genetic Disorders - About Us|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/science/cgd/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030074741/https://www.bhu.ac.in/science/cgd/|archive-date=30 October 2020|access-date=1 April 2021|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref name="bhu-cgd">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/CGD/CGD%20website.htm|title=About CGD|publisher=Centre for Genetic Disorders, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511063704/http://www.bhu.ac.in/CGD/CGD%20website.htm|archive-date=11 May 2012}}</ref>
-====Centre for Genetic Disorders====
+The Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences (CIMS) focuses on research and education in mathematics, modelling and statistics. It was established under the management of the Faculty of Science, with support from the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]] (DST).<ref name="bhu-cims">{{cite web|title=About us|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/CIMS/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120619075814/http://www.bhu.ac.in/CIMS/|archive-date=19 June 2012|access-date=4 June 2012|publisher=DST Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences, BHU}}</ref> The centre imparts post-graduate education and research with participation from the Department of Mathematics, Department of Statistics and Department of Computer Science of the Institute of Science and the Department of Applied Mathematics of the IIT-BHU. It regularly organises training programmes, workshops, seminars, and conferences.
-The Centre for Genetic Disorders was established in 2008. The centre is a result of efforts of Rajiva Raman and his team who was granted a DBT-programme support in 2006 (2006-2011). This centre is involved in genetic diagnosis and counselling of cases referred from BHU hospital. The centre is engaged in research on various genetic disorders. It offers a one-year PG diploma course on Chromosomal, Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics. It also offers Ph.D. programmes.<ref>{{cite web|title=Centre for Genetic Disorders - About Us|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/science/cgd/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030074741/https://www.bhu.ac.in/science/cgd/|archive-date=30 October 2020|access-date=1 April 2021|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref name="bhu-cgd">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/CGD/CGD%20website.htm|title=About CGD|publisher=Centre for Genetic Disorders, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511063704/http://www.bhu.ac.in/CGD/CGD%20website.htm|archive-date=11 May 2012}}</ref>
-====DST Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences====
+The Centre of Food Science & Technology (CFST) is an inter-disciplinary research centre with collaboration between the Institute of Agricultural Sciences and the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) focusing on food processing technology.<ref name="bhu-cfst">{{cite web|title=Overview|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/CFST/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513054547/http://bhu.ac.in/CFST/|archive-date=13 May 2012|access-date=4 June 2012|publisher=Centre of Food Science & Technology, BHU}}</ref> The Center for Environmental Science and Technology (CEST) is an interdisciplinary university research centre at the [[Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Science]]. The CEST conducts three-year [[M.Sc.]](Tech) and [[Ph.D]] programmes in Environmental Science & Technology. The centre also works to coordinate environmental programmes of the university<ref name="bhu-cest">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/cest|title=Welcome|publisher=Centre for Environmental Science & Technology, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=26 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226234640/http://www.bhu.ac.in/cest/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-The Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences (CIMS) focuses on research and education in mathematics, modelling and statistics. It was established under the management of the Faculty of Science, with support from the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]] (DST).<ref name="bhu-cims">{{cite web|title=About us|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/CIMS/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120619075814/http://www.bhu.ac.in/CIMS/|archive-date=19 June 2012|access-date=4 June 2012|publisher=DST Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences, BHU}}</ref> The centre imparts post-graduate education and research with participation from the Department of Mathematics, Department of Statistics and Department of Computer Science of the Institute of Science and the Department of Applied Mathematics of the IIT-BHU. It regularly organises training programmes, workshops, seminars, and conferences.
-====Centre of Food Science and Technology====
+Established by the executive council of the university under the Government of India's [[Namami Gange mission|Namami Gange Mission]], the Malaviya Research Centre for Ganga, River Development & Water Resource Management is dedicated to the study of [[pollution of the Ganges]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-04-27 |title=BHU study: Pollution in Ganga has decreased by 25% to 30% during lockdown |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/bhu-study-pollution-in-ganga-has-decreased-by-25-to-30-during-lockdown/story-ffyblTwG6csVQHTgu20u1O.html |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> The centre focuses on the study of river basin ecology, hydrology and pollution management, technology development, socio-economic and culture, and data management.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mahamana Malaviya Research Centre for Ganga, River Development & Water Resource Management |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/mrcganga/division.html |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> The centre provides training called ''Ganga Mitra ({{Translation|Ganga's Friends}})'' in pursuance of its objectives on various subjects.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ganga Mitra |url=http://gangamitra.com/Ganga%20Mitra.html |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=gangamitra.com}}</ref> Established in 1991, the Malviya Centre for Ethics and Values aims to promote ethics and human values in higher education.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malaviya Centre for Ethics and Values |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/malaviyacenter/index.html |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> The centre provides two-year diploma courses on human values and ethics.<ref name="jagran.com">{{Cite web |title=भारत में मूल्य आधारित शिक्षा का केंद्र बनेगा बीएचयू, मालवीय मूल्य अनुशीलन केंद्र ने नोडल सेंटर बनाने के लिए तैयार किया प्रस्ताव |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi-city-bhu-to-become-a-center-of-value-based-education-in-india-malaviya-price-purification-center-has-prepared-proposal-to-make-nodal-center-21304385.html |access-date=2022-05-02 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref> The centre has been tasked as the nodal agency for developing and monitoring courses on human values and ethics in all [[Central university (India)|central universities]].<ref name="jagran.com"/>
-The Centre of Food Science & Technology (CFST) is an inter-disciplinary research centre with collaboration between the Institute of Agricultural Sciences and the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) focusing on food processing technology.<ref name="bhu-cfst">{{cite web|title=Overview|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/CFST/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513054547/http://bhu.ac.in/CFST/|archive-date=13 May 2012|access-date=4 June 2012|publisher=Centre of Food Science & Technology, BHU}}</ref>
-==== Centre for Environmental Science and Technology ====
+==== Other research centres ====
-The Center for Environmental Science and Technology (CEST) is an interdisciplinary university research centre at the [[Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Science]]. The CEST conducts three-year [[M.Sc.]](Tech) and [[Ph.D]] programmes in Environmental Science & Technology. The centre also works to coordinate environmental programmes of the university<ref name="bhu-cest">{{cite web|url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/cest|title=Welcome|publisher=Centre for Environmental Science & Technology, BHU|access-date=4 June 2012|archive-date=26 December 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226234640/http://www.bhu.ac.in/cest/|url-status=live}}</ref>
+[[File:Varanasi (6706097979).jpg|alt=Centre for Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University|thumb|Centre for Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University]]
-* Center for Nanotechnology<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Science, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/science/|access-date=2022-01-09|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+Other research centres of the university include:
+* Center for Nanotechnology<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Science, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/science/|access-date=9 January 2022|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501164805/https://www.bhu.ac.in/science/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * Hydrogen Energy Center
 * UGC Advanced Immunodiagnostic Training and Research Center
@@ Line 283: / Line 248: @@
 * Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/csseip/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215122901/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/social_sciences/csseip/|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 December 2018|title=CSSEIP}}</ref>
-=== Affiliated colleges and schools ===
+=== Special centres ===
-====Colleges====
-===== DAV Post Graduate College =====
+==== Design Innovation Centre ====
-{{Main|DAV Post Graduate College}}
+Funded by Department of Higher Education, [[MHRD]], and established in 2015, the Design Innovation Centre(DIC) is a collaboration between [[IIT-BHU]] and [[BHU]]. The DIC focuses on providing a platform to the students and faculties of the university in order to foster innovation and creative problem solving.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DIC BHU & IIT (BHU) » Concept|url=http://diciitbhu.com/concept/|access-date=16 January 2022|language=en-US|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112110/http://diciitbhu.com/concept/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=31 August 2020|title=BHU sets up committee to implement Startup policy|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-sets-up-committee-to-implement-startup-policy/articleshow/77839786.cms|access-date=16 January 2022|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112101/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-sets-up-committee-to-implement-startup-policy/articleshow/77839786.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The centre also serves [[Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=DIC BHU & IIT (BHU) » Project Types » IIIT Allahabad Project|url=http://diciitbhu.com/project_types/iiit/|access-date=16 January 2022|language=en-US|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112127/http://diciitbhu.com/project_types/iiit/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=DIC BHU & IIT (BHU) » Project Types » MNNIT-ALLAHABAD PROJECT|url=http://diciitbhu.com/project_types/mnnit-allahabad/|access-date=16 January 2022|language=en-US|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112633/http://diciitbhu.com/project_types/mnnit-allahabad/|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[University of Allahabad]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=DIC BHU & IIT (BHU) » Project Types » UNIVERSITY of ALLAHABAD PROJECT|url=http://diciitbhu.com/project_types/university-of-allahabad/|access-date=16 January 2022|language=en-US|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112626/http://diciitbhu.com/project_types/university-of-allahabad/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Established in 1938, DAV Post Graduate College is a [[Public college|public]] [[research college]] admitted to the privileges of Banaras Hindu University.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History|url=https://davpgcvns.ac.in/history/|access-date=2021-12-23|website=DAV PG College|language=en-US}}</ref> The college offers courses under the university administration and respective faculties of the university at undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral, and diploma levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Admission|url=https://davpgcvns.ac.in/admission/|access-date=2021-12-23|website=DAV PG College|language=en-US}}</ref>
-===== Arya Mahila Mahavidyalaya =====
+==== BioNest-BHU ====
-{{Main|Arya Mahila Mahavidyalaya}}
+Established in 2020 as the InnoResTech Foundation-BHU (called BioNest-BHU)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Innorestech Foundation, BHU|url=https://www.bionestbhu.org/|access-date=16 January 2022|website=www.bionestbhu.org|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112153/https://www.bionestbhu.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> by funding from the [[Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council]], BioNest-BHU aims to promote [[startup]] and entrepreneurship in sciences, biotechnology, healthcare, agritech, food technology, etc. composed of expert faculty members from [[IMS-BHU]], [[IAS-BHU]], and [[ISc-BHU]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 August 2020|title=BHU to promote startups, to set up BioNEST|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-to-promote-startups-to-set-up-bionest/articleshow/77357726.cms|access-date=16 January 2022|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112100/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/bhu-to-promote-startups-to-set-up-bionest/articleshow/77357726.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BioNEST|url=https://birac.nic.in/bionest.php|access-date=16 January 2022|website=birac.nic.in|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118182434/https://birac.nic.in/bionest.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Innorestech Foundation, BHU|url=https://www.bionestbhu.org/aboutus|access-date=16 January 2022|website=www.bionestbhu.org|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116112102/https://www.bionestbhu.org/aboutus|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Established in 1956, Arya Mahila Post Graduate College is a [[public college]] admitted to the privileges of Banaras Hindu University.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ARYA MAHILA P.G. COLLEGE VARANASI|url=https://ampgc.ac.in/webpage/cmspage.aspx?rpk1av69BYsh+yQl7Ut7JBMbrMwXyYL5GXvUWcOzzAw=|access-date=2021-12-23|website=ampgc.ac.in}}</ref> The college offers courses under the university administration and respective faculties of the university at undergraduate, and postgraduate levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ARYA MAHILA P.G. COLLEGE VARANASI|url=https://ampgc.ac.in/webpage/cmspage.aspx?bpKSMWrgO98FucgouEd4FH54/v1rz7Pt|access-date=2021-12-23|website=ampgc.ac.in}}</ref>
-===== Vasanta College for Women =====
+===Admissions===
-{{Main|Vasanta College for Women}}
+[[File:Varanasi (6706094385).jpg|thumb|Faculty building in the university|left]]
-Established in 1913 by [[Annie Besant]], Vasanta College for Women  is a [[public college]] in Varanasi admitted to the privileges of Banaras Hindu University.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us|url=https://vasantakfi.ac.in/about-us-2-2/profile/|access-date=2021-12-23|website=Vasanta College for Women|language=en-US}}</ref> The college offers courses under the university administration and respective faculties of the university at undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Academic Courses|url=https://vasantakfi.ac.in/regular-courses/|access-date=2021-12-23|website=Vasanta College for Women|language=en-US}}</ref>
+Starting academic year 2022, the university has confirmed shifting towards the All-India [[Common University Entrance Test]] (CUET) for admission to several undergraduate and postgraduate<ref>{{Cite web |title=Information Bulletin {{!}} Common University Entrnce Test|url=https://cuet.nta.nic.in/information-bulletin/ |access-date=2022-05-20 |language=en-US}}</ref> courses, which shall replace the ''Banaras Hindu University Undergraduate Entrance Test'' ''(BHU-UET)'' and ''Banaras Hindu University Postgraduate Entrance Test'' (''BHU-PET'')  exams.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 February 2022 |title=CUCET 2022: बीएचयू, डीयू, जेएनयू में सीयूसीईटी के माध्यम से चुने जाएंगे योग्य छात्र, जानें एंट्रेंस टेस्ट की पूरी प्रक्रिया |language=hi |work=TV9 |url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/career/cucet-2022-bhu-jnu-du-central-university-admission-process-know-about-central-university-common-entrance-test-1045685.html |access-date=19 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Amitendra |date=22 February 2022 |title=CUCET and Board Exams 2022: How students can prepare for both |language=en |work=Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/competitive-exams/cucet-and-board-exams-2022-how-students-can-prepare-for-both-101645439125090.html |access-date=19 March 2022}}</ref> Admissions are done according to coursewise eligibility criteria set by the university, merit in the entrance tests, and as per [[Reservation in India|reservation policy]] of the Government of India.
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float: right; margin-left: 1em;"
+|+University admission statistics
+!Year
+!Level
+!Applications
+!Offers
+!Offer Rate(%)
+|-
+|2022
+|UG
+|4,34,140<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-03 |title=CUET-UG 2022: DU, BHU receive highest number of applications |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/cuet-ug-2022-delhi-university-receives-highest-number-of-applications-8067227/ |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
+|8,231<ref>{{Cite web |title=BHU Undergraduate Information Bulletin (UET-IB) |url=http://bhuonline.in/pdfs22/UET-FINAL-BULLETIN-2022.pdf |url-status=live |website=BHU Online}}</ref>
+|1.90
+|}
+Admissions to undergraduate programs of [[IIT BHU|IIT-BHU]] are only through [[JEE Advanced]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=JEE(Advanced) 2021, Official Website |url=https://jeeadv.ac.in/pinstitutes.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213155708/https://jeeadv.ac.in/pinstitutes.php |archive-date=13 December 2021 |access-date=13 December 2021 |website=jeeadv.ac.in}}</ref> similarly, admissions to programs of [[IMS-BHU]] are only through [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate)|NEET]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=sm_admissions |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213064739/https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=sm_admissions |archive-date=13 December 2021 |access-date=13 December 2021 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> and admissions to FMS-BHU is through a mix of [[Common Admission Test]] and personal interview, etc.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to Institute of Management Studies, BHU. |url=https://bhu.ac.in/fms/admissions.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130083311/https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/admissions.php |archive-date=30 November 2020 |access-date=13 December 2021 |website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-===== Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya =====
+Admissions for PhD are done on the basis of either qualification of [[National Eligibility Test]] (NET) by the candidates, or through the scores of ''Banaras Hindu University Research Entrance Test (BHU-RET)''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University RET Informatin Bulletin 2022 |url=http://bhuonline.in/pdfs22/RET2022all.pdf}}</ref> Admissions in [[Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University]] are done through PMT exam. Starting 2021, the UET & PET exams have been conducted by the [[National Testing Agency]].<ref>{{cite web |date=16 August 2021 |title=Banaras Hindu University UET, PET 2021 admission process begins, check schedule here |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/bhu-uet-pet-2021-application-process-begins-check-schedule-here-bhuet-nta-nic-in-7453792/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123163823/https://indianexpress.com/article/education/bhu-uet-pet-2021-application-process-begins-check-schedule-here-bhuet-nta-nic-in-7453792/ |archive-date=23 November 2021 |access-date=23 November 2021 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
-{{Main|Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya}}
-Established in 1954, Vasant Kanya Mahavidyalaya is a public college in Varanasi admitted to the privileges of Banaras Hindu University.<ref>{{Cite web|title=College At A Glance -> History|url=http://vkm.org.in/pages/college_at_a_glance/history|access-date=2021-12-23|website=vkm.org.in}}</ref> The college offers courses under the university administration and respective faculties of the university at undergraduate, and postgraduate levels.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Academics -> Admission|url=http://vkm.org.in/pages/academics/admission|access-date=2021-12-23|website=vkm.org.in}}</ref>
-====Schools====
+Admissions to the Banaras Hindu University are highly competitive and tough with more than 50 applicants for one seat.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tough competition for admission in Banaras Hindu University - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/tough-competition-for-admission-in-banaras-hindu-university/articleshow/20376858.cms |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref name=":8" /> BHU attracts a substantial number of [[international students]]. The university has a separate admission pipeline for international students. Applications from international students wishing to continue their education at BHU are invited directly to the university [[#International Centre|International Centre]].<ref name="International Centre" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University, International Centre,Varanasi |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/admission/international/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213155705/https://www.bhu.ac.in/admission/international/ |archive-date=13 December 2021 |access-date=13 December 2021 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
-* Ranvir Sanskrit Vidyalaya,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ranvir/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723093419/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/ranvir/|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 July 2018|title=RSV}}</ref>
-* [[Central Hindu Boys School]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/chs/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721172601/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/chs/|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 July 2018|title=CHS}}</ref>
-* [[Central Hindu Girls School]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://internet.bhu.ac.in/CHGS/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721173326/http://internet.bhu.ac.in/CHGS/|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 July 2018|title=CHGS}}</ref>
-===Admissions===
+Admissions to the diploma and Special Courses of Study (SCS) are conducted through varying processes depending on the faculty, directly by the university.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Admission to Certificate Course in Statistical Methods |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/jan2022/20/0002.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122180048/https://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/jan2022/20/0002.pdf |archive-date=22 January 2022 |access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Admission to 1-Year Diploma course in STATISTICS & COMPUTING 2021-22 . |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/dec2021/23/0001.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108011707/https://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/dec2021/23/0001.pdf |archive-date=8 January 2022 |access-date=22 January 2022}}</ref>
-Banaras Hindu University conducts national level Undergraduate Entrance Test (BHU-UET) and Postgraduate Entrance Tests (BHU-PET) usually during May–June for admission for which registrations begin on [[Vasant Panchami|Vasant Panchmi]] ''i.e.'' university foundation day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bhuonline.in/pdfs17/Notification-for-session2017-18.pdf|title=Application process|access-date=30 March 2017|archive-date=30 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330180746/http://bhuonline.in/pdfs17/Notification-for-session2017-18.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Admissions are done according to merit in the entrance tests and as per [[Reservation in India|reservation policy]] of the Government of India, subject to fulfilling of other eligibility requirements.  Admissions for PhD are done on the basis of either qualification of [[National Eligibility Test]] (NET) by the candidates or through the scores of CRET (Common Research Entrance Test). Admissions in [[Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University|IMS]] are done through PMT exam. Starting 2021, the UET & PET exams have been conducted by the [[National Testing Agency]].<ref>{{cite web|date=2021-08-16|title=Banaras Hindu University UET, PET 2021 admission process begins, check schedule here|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/bhu-uet-pet-2021-application-process-begins-check-schedule-here-bhuet-nta-nic-in-7453792/|access-date=2021-11-23|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=23 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123163823/https://indianexpress.com/article/education/bhu-uet-pet-2021-application-process-begins-check-schedule-here-bhuet-nta-nic-in-7453792/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-BHU attracts a substantial number of [[international students]]. The university has a separate admission pipeline for international students. Applications from international students wishing to continue their education at BHU are invited directly to the university [[Banaras Hindu University#International Centre|International Centre]].<ref name="International Centre"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, International Centre,Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/admission/international/|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+==== Banaras Hindu University Entrance Tests ====
+After opting for [[Common University Entrance Test|CUET]] exam for undergraduate and postgraduate courses, the Banaras Hindu University now only conducts the ''Banaras Hindu University Research Entrance Test (BHU-RET)'' for admission to the PhD courses''.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University : Entrance Exam |url=http://bhuonline.in/#:~:text=Click%20Here-,RET%20INFORMATION%20BULLETIN%202022,-Bulletin%20RET%20MAIN |access-date=2022-05-20 |website=bhuonline.in}}</ref>
-The  UET & PET exams are held for 5166 seats in online and offline mode in subject-wise papers. The total exam duration is two hours with multiple-choice questions. Total marks varies with the exam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://university.careers360.com/articles/bhu-uet|title=BHU UET 2019 – Check Results, Cut Off, Scorecard, Merit List, Counselling|website=university.careers360.com|date=31 July 2018|access-date=22 September 2017|archive-date=22 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922204926/https://university.careers360.com/articles/bhu-uet|url-status=live}}</ref> The entire admission process is conducted by the Controller of Examinations.
+Until 2021, Banaras Hindu University has used to conduct national level ''BHU-UET'' for undergraduate courses, and ''BHU-PET'', for postgraduate courses, usually during May–June for admission for which registrations begun on [[Vasant Panchami|Vasant Panchmi]] ''i.e.,'' university foundation day, for over 24 undergraduate and over 100 postgraduate courses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bhuonline.in/pdfs17/Notification-for-session2017-18.pdf|title=Application process|access-date=30 March 2017|archive-date=30 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170330180746/http://bhuonline.in/pdfs17/Notification-for-session2017-18.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The UET & PET exams were held for 5166 seats in online and offline mode in subject-wise papers. The total exam duration was two hours with multiple-choice questions. Total marks varied with the exam.<ref>{{cite web|date=31 July 2018|title=BHU UET 2019 – Check Results, Cut Off, Scorecard, Merit List, Counselling|url=https://university.careers360.com/articles/bhu-uet|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922204926/https://university.careers360.com/articles/bhu-uet|archive-date=22 September 2017|access-date=22 September 2017|website=university.careers360.com}}</ref>
-Admissions to undergraduate programs of [[IIT BHU|IIT-BHU]] are only through [[JEE Advanced]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=JEE(Advanced) 2021, Official Website|url=https://jeeadv.ac.in/pinstitutes.php|access-date=2021-12-13|website=jeeadv.ac.in}}</ref> similarly, admissions to programs of [[IMS-BHU]] are only through [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate)|NEET]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU:Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/index.php?pg=sm_admissions|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> and admissions to FMS-BHU is through a mix of [[Common Admission Test]] and personal interview, etc.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Institute of Management Studies, BHU.|url=https://bhu.ac.in/fms/admissions.php|access-date=2021-12-13|website=bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+The entire admission process is conducted by the Controller of Examinations.
 ===Rankings===
@@ Line 320: / Line 292: @@
 | type = University
 <!----------International---------->
-| QS_W_2020 = 801-1000
-| QS_A_2020 = 177
-| QS_BRICS_2019 =
-| THE_W_2020 = 601-800
-| THES_A_2020 = 167
-| THES_E_2020 = 169
-<!----------General---------->
-| NIRF_U_2020 =
-| NIRF_O_2020 =
 | WEEK_U_2019 =
 | OUTLOOK_U_2020 = 7
 <!----------Engineering---------->
-| NIRF_E_2019 =
 | WEEK_E_2019 =
-| OUTLOOK_L_2019 =
-| WEEK_L_2019 =
 | IT_L_2020 = 5
 <!----------Medical---------->
 | IT_M_2020 = 7
 | OUTLOOK_M_2019 =
-| WEEK_M_2019 =
+| NIRF_O_2022=11
-| NIRF_B_2020 =
+| NIRF_U_2022=6
-| NIRF_O_2021=10
+| NIRF_E_2022=13
-| NIRF_U_2021=3
+| NIRF_M_2022=5
-| NIRF_E_2021=14
+| NIRF_L_2022=20
-| NIRF_M_2021=7
+| NIRF_B_2022=50
-| NIRF_L_2021=23
+| THE_W_2022=601-800
-| NIRF_B_2021=47
+| THES_A_2021=153 {{small|(2022)}}
-| state=collapsed}}
+| THES_E_2021=159 {{small|(2022)}}
-Internationally, BHU was ranked 801–1000 in the [[QS World University Rankings]] of 2020.<ref name="Rankings_QS_W_2020" /> The same rankings ranked it 177 in Asia in 2020<ref name="Rankings_QS_A_2020" /> and 90 among [[BRICS]] nations in 2019.<ref>[https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/brics-rankings/2019 "QS BRICS University Rankings 2019"]. QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2018.</ref> It was ranked 601–800 in the world by the ''[[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]]'' of 2020<ref name="Rankings_THE_W_2020" /> and 167 in Asia in 2020.<ref name="Rankings_THES_A_2020" />
+| state=collapsed
+}}
+Internationally, BHU was ranked 601–800 in the world by the ''[[Times Higher Education World University Rankings]]'' of 2022<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-25 |title=World University Rankings |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2022 |access-date=2022-06-15 |website=Times Higher Education (THE) |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Rankings_THE_W_2022" /> and 153 in Asia in 2022.<ref name="Rankings_THES_A_2021" />
+In India, the 2022 [[National Institutional Ranking Framework]] (NIRF) ranked BHU sixth among universities<ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2022/UniversityRanking.html |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref>  and eleventh overall.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2022/OverallRanking.html |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> <!-- The university rankings have dropped from 3rd to 6th after some 4-5 years. I am not sure if it should be added to the rankings. Therefore, leaving it here for other editors. Signed. User4edits. --><ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/Home |access-date=25 March 2022 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> In [[National Institutional Ranking Framework|NIRF]] 2022 rankings, BHU ranked fifth in medical,<ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2022/MedicalRanking.html |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> 20 in law,<ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2022/LawRanking.html |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> and 50 in management.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2022/ManagementRanking.html |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref>
-In India, the [[National Institutional Ranking Framework]] (NIRF) ranked BHU third among universities <ref>{{Cite web|title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF)|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2021/UniversityRanking.html|access-date=2021-12-24|website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> and tenth overall in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF)|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2021/OverallRanking.html|access-date=2021-12-24|website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> It also ranked it 47 in the management ranking.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF)|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2021/ManagementRanking.html|access-date=2021-12-31|website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref>
+The university was ranked seventh among universities in India by [[Outlook (Indian magazine)|''Outlook India'']] in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Top 75 Universities In India In 2020 |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/education-news-top-75-universities-in-india-in-2020/303692 |access-date=25 March 2022 |website=www.outlookindia.com/ |language=en}}</ref>
-Its engineering institute, [[IIT (BHU)|IIT]], was ranked 11 by the NIRF Engineering ranking for 2019.<ref>[https://www.nirfindia.org/2019/EngineeringRanking.html "National Institutional Ranking Framework 2019 (Engineering)"]. ''[[National Institutional Ranking Framework]]''. [[Ministry of Education (India)|Ministry of Education]]. 2018.</ref> In 2019, it was ranked ninth among engineering colleges in India by ''[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]''.<ref name="theweek.in">Pushkarna, Vijaya (8 June 2019). [https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/07/best-colleges-the-week-hansa-research-survey-2019.html "Best colleges: THE WEEK-Hansa Research Survey 2019"]. ''[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]''.</ref>
+Its engineering institute, [[IIT (BHU)|IIT-BHU]], was ranked thirteenth by the NIRF Engineering ranking for 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2022/EngineeringRanking.html |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> In 2019, IIT-BHU was ranked ninth among engineering colleges in India by ''[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]''.<ref name="theweek.in">{{Cite web|title=Best colleges: THE WEEK-Hansa Research Survey 2019|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/07/best-colleges-the-week-hansa-research-survey-2019.html|access-date=29 January 2022|website=The Week|language=en|archive-date=21 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021203820/https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/07/best-colleges-the-week-hansa-research-survey-2019.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-The [[Faculty of Law, Banaras Hindu University]] was ranked fifth in India by ''[[Outlook India]]''{{'}}s  "India's Top 30 Law Colleges In 2019"<ref>[https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/business-news-top-30-law-in-2019/301755 "Outlook India: India's Top 30 Law Colleges In 2019 Outlook India Magazine"]. Retrieved 22 January 2020.</ref> and seventh in India by ''[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]''{{'}}s "Top Law Colleges 2019".<ref name="theweek.in"/>
+The [[Faculty of Law, Banaras Hindu University]] was ranked fifth in India by ''Outlook India'' in 2019<ref>{{Cite web|title=Outlook India: India's Top 30 Law Colleges In 2019|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/business-news-top-30-law-in-2019/301755|access-date=29 January 2022|website=www.outlookindia.com/|language=en|archive-date=21 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021201351/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/business-news-top-30-law-in-2019/301755|url-status=live}}</ref> and seventh in India by ''The Week''.<ref name="theweek.in"/>
-The [[Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University]] was ranked seventh among medical colleges in India in 2020 by ''[[India Today]]'',<ref name="Rankings_IT_M_2020" /> sixth by ''[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]'' <ref>{{Cite web|last=Week|first=The|title=The Week SPECIAL ISSUE August 30 2020|url=https://www.theweek.in/content/dam/week/pdf/THE-WEEK-AUGUST-30-2020.pdf|url-status=live|page=|at=Page 110}}</ref> and eight by ''[[Outlook India]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=India's Top Medical Colleges In 2020 {{!}} Outlook India Magazine|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/business-news-medical/303623|access-date=2022-01-09|website=https://www.outlookindia.com/|language=en}}</ref>
+The Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University was ranked fifth among medical colleges in India in 2022 by [[NIRF]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=MoE, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF) |url=https://www.nirfindia.org/2022/MedicalRanking.html |access-date=2022-08-10 |website=www.nirfindia.org}}</ref> It was ranked seventh among medical colleges in India in 2020 by ''[[India Today]]'',<ref name="Rankings_IT_M_2020" /> sixth by ''The Week'' <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Week Special Issue|date=30 August 2020|url=https://www.theweek.in/content/dam/week/pdf/THE-WEEK-AUGUST-30-2020.pdf|url-status=live|at=Page 110|access-date=9 January 2022|archive-date=17 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217063115/https://www.theweek.in/content/dam/week/pdf/THE-WEEK-AUGUST-30-2020.pdf}}</ref> and eighth by ''Outlook India''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=India's Top Medical Colleges In 2020|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/business-news-medical/303623|access-date=9 January 2022|website=www.outlookindia.com/|language=en|archive-date=9 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109212210/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/business-news-medical/303623|url-status=live}}</ref>
 ===Library===
@@ Line 375: / Line 340: @@
 ===Festivals and traditions===
+[[File:Swatantrata bhawan bhu.jpg|thumb|Swatantra Bhawan (Hall of Independence) is the university auditorium with seating capacity of 2,000 <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Page 1 |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/swatantrata.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118183224/https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/swatantrata.htm |archive-date=18 January 2022 |access-date=17 January 2022 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>]]
+The Banaras Hindu University observes [[Saraswati]] puja day (also known as [[Vasant Panchami]]) as its foundation day.<ref>{{Cite web|date=31 January 2020|title=Festivities mark BHU Foundation Day|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/festivities-mark-bhu-foundation-day/articleshow/73782319.cms|access-date=11 December 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=11 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211121009/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/festivities-mark-bhu-foundation-day/articleshow/73782319.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU ने झांकियों के माध्यम से बताई विश्वविद्यालय की उपलब्धियां : देखेें तस्वीरें|url=https://www.patrika.com/varanasi-news/bhu-celebrated-102th-foundation-day-and-vasant-panchami-1-2265794/|access-date=11 December 2021|website=Patrika News|date=23 January 2018 |language=hi-IN|archive-date=11 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211121011/https://www.patrika.com/varanasi-news/bhu-celebrated-102th-foundation-day-and-vasant-panchami-1-2265794/|url-status=live}}</ref> Goddess Saraswati is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, arts, wisdom and nature. She is also the revered mascot of the university, and is a part of the [[Seal (emblem)|university seal]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 January 2015|title=100 years of Saraswati Puja at BHU|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/100-years-of-saraswati-puja-at-bhu/articleshow/46002478.cms|access-date=11 December 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=11 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211152643/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/100-years-of-saraswati-puja-at-bhu/articleshow/46002478.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU Seal|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/seal.htm|access-date=11 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=11 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211121011/https://www.bhu.ac.in/seal.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
-BHU observes [[Saraswati]] puja day (also known as [[Vasant Panchami]]) as its foundation day.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 31, 2020|title=Festivities mark BHU Foundation Day|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/festivities-mark-bhu-foundation-day/articleshow/73782319.cms|access-date=2021-12-11|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU ने झांकियों के माध्यम से बताई विश्वविद्यालय की उपलब्धियां : देखेें तस्वीरें|url=https://www.patrika.com/varanasi-news/bhu-celebrated-102th-foundation-day-and-vasant-panchami-1-2265794/|access-date=2021-12-11|website=Patrika News|language=hi-IN}}</ref> Goddess [[Saraswati]] is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, arts, wisdom and nature. She is also the revered mascot of the university, and is a part of the [[Seal (emblem)|university seal]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 24, 2015|title=100 years of Saraswati Puja at BHU|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/100-years-of-saraswati-puja-at-bhu/articleshow/46002478.cms|access-date=2021-12-11|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU Seal|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/seal.htm|access-date=2021-12-11|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+There is an intra-university fest, Spandan, where students represent their faculty/institute in various art competitions such as literature (essay-writing, poems, debates), painting, sketches, vocal music, dancing, singing, drama, and mimicry. It is held every year after Vasant Panchami in the month of February or March.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/cultural/|access-date=11 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=11 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211121014/https://www.bhu.ac.in/cultural/|url-status=live}}</ref> Apart from ''Spandan'', each faculty and institute have their own in-house annual festivals, for instance, ''Aakanksha'' is the annual festival of [[Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University]].<ref>{{Cite web|title='AAKANKSHA'|url=https://aakankshaisc.wordpress.com/|access-date=5 February 2022|website=AAKANKSHA|language=en|archive-date=5 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205131910/https://aakankshaisc.wordpress.com/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Dean, Faculty of Science|title=युवा महोत्सव 'आकांक्षा एप्प' का किया गया शुभारंभ... विज्ञान संस्थान के वार्षिक युवा महोत्सव 'आकांक्षा' का आज उद्घाटन सत्र का आयोजन हुआ जिसमें संस्थान के निदेशक @ProfAnilKumarT1 ने 'आकांक्षा एप्प' का शुभारंभ किया और इसमें प्रतिभाग करने के लिए छात्र-छात्राओं को प्रोत्साहित किया।...|url=https://twitter.com/deansciencebhu/status/1487348903976771585|access-date=5 February 2022|website=Twitter|language=en|archive-date=5 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205131907/https://twitter.com/deansciencebhu/status/1487348903976771585|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Aakanksha Youth Fest, ISc. BHU - Apps on Google Play|url=https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=in.cyberguardian.aakankshaisc&hl=en_US&gl=US|access-date=5 February 2022|website=play.google.com|language=en|archive-date=5 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205131907/https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=in.cyberguardian.aakankshaisc&hl=en_US&gl=US|url-status=live}}</ref>
-There is also an intra-university fest '''Spandan''<nowiki/>', where students represent their faculty/institute in various arts competitions such as literature (essay-writing, poems, debates), painting, sketches, vocal music, dancing, singing, drama, and mimicry. It is held every year after Vasant Panchami in the month of February or March.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/cultural/|access-date=2021-12-11|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+The university anthem, ''[[Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet]]'', is sung in chorus before the convocation<ref>{{Citation |title=BHU Kulgeet @ 100th Convocation |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3isS5FZ47Y |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109205205/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3isS5FZ47Y |language=en |access-date=9 January 2022 |archive-date=9 January 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=BHU University kul geet convocation 101 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqMJPLmILm0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109205208/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqMJPLmILm0&gl=US&hl=en |language=en |access-date=9 January 2022 |archive-date=9 January 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> or any other official event begins.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 November 2021 |title=Row erupts over photo of 'Sare Jahan Se Accha' writer in BHU |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/row-erupts-over-photo-of-sare-jahan-se-accha-writer-in-bhu-101636482550507.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104063215/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/row-erupts-over-photo-of-sare-jahan-se-accha-writer-in-bhu-101636482550507.html |archive-date=4 January 2022 |access-date=9 January 2022 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
+Apart from the [[Public holidays in India#National holidays|three national day festivals]],<ref>{{Cite web|agency=TNN|date=28 Jan 2022|title=R-day Celebrated With Patriotic Fervour In City {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/r-day-celebrated-with-patriotic-fervour-in-city/articleshow/89167942.cms|access-date=2022-02-07|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=BHU Official |user=bhupro |number=1426863931386044418 |date=2021-08-15 |title=75वें स्वतंत्रता दिवस के अवसर पर कुलपति जी ने एम्फिथियेटर ग्राउंड में ध्वजारोहण किया एवं विश्वविद्यालय परिवार के सदस्यों व देशवासियों को स्वतंत्रता दिवस की शुभकामनाएं प्रेषित कीं। #IndependenceDay #IndiaAt75 #IndependenceDay2021 @VCofficeBHU https://t.co/lDOa1y5Y9H https://t.co/CvEhvODFrz |language=hi |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220212140655/https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1426863931386044418 |archive-date=2022-02-12 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=BHU Official |user=bhupro |number=1311905798415474688 |date=2020-10-02 |title=Remembering life and values of #Bapu on his birth anniversary. Prayer meeting at Gandhi Chabutra, #BHU. #GandhiJayanti #MahatmaGandhi @VCofficeBHU @EduMinOfIndia @MinOfCultureGoI https://t.co/XqhHjcGEKD |language=en |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209215514/https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1311905798415474688 |archive-date=2022-02-09 |url-status=live}}</ref> the following festivals are celebrated at an official level in the university:
+[[File:BHU Foundation Day Ceremony 1916.jpg|alt=BHU Foundation Day Ceremony in 1916|thumb|[[BHU]] Foundation Day Ceremony in 1916 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Foundation Day Ceremony of B.H.U. in 1916 (Press Photograph)|url=http://indianculture.gov.in/archives/foundation-day-ceremony-bhu-1916-press-photograph-0|access-date=2022-02-07|website=INDIAN CULTURE|language=en}}</ref>]]
+{| class="wikitable"
+|+
+!Name of Faculty/Institute/College
+!Name of the Festival
+!Dates
+!References
+|-
+| Banaras Hindu University
+|Foundation Day
+|On [[Vasant Panchami]]
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=बीएचयू स्थापना दिवस पर विशेष: चार महीने, 22 बैठक, तब तय हुआ था शिलान्यास स्थल|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/bhu-foundation-day-special-story-four-months-and-22-meetings-then-place-and-date-of-foundation-stone-was-decided|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=कोरोना की भेंट चढ़ा उत्सव: बीएचयू में स्थापना दिवस पर इस बार भी नहीं निकलेगी शोभायात्रा, विद्यार्थियों में मायूसी|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/corona-impact-on-festival-bhu-foundation-day-no-sobha-yatra-and-no-any-procession-this-year-too-on-bansant-panchami-2022|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-06|title=BHU celebrates 107th Foundation Day|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/bhu-celebrates-107th-foundation-day-101644085889211.html|access-date=2022-02-07|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Foundation Day Ceremony of B.H.U. in 1916 (Press Photograph)|url=http://indianculture.gov.in/archives/foundation-day-ceremony-bhu-1916-press-photograph-0|access-date=2022-02-05|website=INDIAN CULTURE|language=en}}</ref>
+|-
+|Banaras Hindu University
+|Spandan <small>(Intra-university festival and competition)</small>
+|February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=स्पंदन 2018: नाटक में अभिनय तो नृत्य में दिखी अदा- PHOTO|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/story-cultural-program-in-bhu-1852131.html|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Hindustan|language=hindi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|agency=tnn|date=22 Feb 2019|title=Five-day fest 'Spandan' begins at BHU today {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/five-day-fest-spandan-begins-at-bhu-today/articleshow/68101832.cms|access-date=2022-02-05|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU में अंतर संकाय युवा महोत्सव 'स्पंदन 2020' के रंग|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/uttar-pradesh/videos/gallery/inter-faculty-youth-festival-spandan-2020-organized-at-bhu-in-varanasi/up20200226173731822|access-date=2022-02-05|website=ETV Bharat News}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi|Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)]]
+|[[Kashiyatra]]
+|January
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=बीएचयू में काशीयात्रा में झूमे छात्र, कामेडी नाइट में जाकिर खान और इटली के मशहूर डीजे ने मन मोहा|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/iit-bhu-kashiyatra-student-music-italy-comedy-zakir-khan|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=IIT BHU का वार्षिकोत्सव : काशीयात्रा-2020 के 38वें संस्करण में 60 हजार लोग होंगे शामिल|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi-city-60-thousand-people-get-celebrate-in-iit-bhu-19904996.html|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Dainik Jagran|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|agency=TNN|date=24 Jan 2013|title=IIT-BHU's 'Kashiyatra' begins today {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/iit-bhus-kashiyatra-begins-today/articleshow/18159556.cms|access-date=2022-02-05|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University|Institute of Science, BHU]]
+|Aakanksha
+|February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=बीएचयू विज्ञान संस्थान में युवा महोत्सव: ऑनलाइन आयोजन के लिए आकांक्षा एप लॉन्च, 31 से पंजीकरण शुरू|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/bhu-institute-of-science-youth-festival-akanksha-app-launched-for-online-event-registration-starts-from-31-january|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=January 2022|title=20-cultural-events-to-be-held-in-february-at-bhus-institute-of-science-in-varanasi|work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/news/20-cultural-events-to-be-held-in-february-at-bhus-institute-of-science-in-varanasi-129348782.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=Dean, Faculty of Science |user=DeanScienceBHU |number=1487348903976771585 |date=2022-01-29 |title=युवा महोत्सव 'आकांक्षा एप्प' का किया गया शुभारंभ... विज्ञान संस्थान के वार्षिक युवा महोत्सव 'आकांक्षा' का आज उद्घाटन सत्र का आयोजन हुआ जिसमें संस्थान के निदेशक @ProfAnilKumarT1 ने 'आकांक्षा एप्प' का शुभारंभ किया और इसमें प्रतिभाग करने के लिए छात्र-छात्राओं को प्रोत्साहित किया। https://t.co/U00vPul5zF |language=hi |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208230905/https://twitter.com/deansciencebhu/status/1487348903976771585 |archive-date=2022-02-08 |url-status=live}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University|Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU]]
+|Srishti
+|February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=:: INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY ::|url=http://www.iagscbhu.in/cultural.php|access-date=2022-02-05|website=www.iagscbhu.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|agency=TNN|date=29 Jan 2014|title=Debates, elocution mark first day of Srishti at IAS, BHU {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/debates-elocution-mark-first-day-of-srishti-at-ias-bhu/articleshow/29523454.cms|access-date=2022-02-05|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=Director (Agriculture) BHU |user=directoragbhu |number=1224729804991168512 |date=2020-02-04 |title=GLIMPSES : #Srishti-2020 the Annual Youth Festival of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences. @VCofficeBHU @icarindia @AgriGoI @dsw_bhu @HRDMinistry @bhupro @MinOfCultureGoI https://t.co/E11heiepT4 |language=en |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208142047/https://twitter.com/directoragbhu/status/1224729804991168512 |archive-date=2022-02-08 |url-status=live}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University|Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU]]
+|Elixir
+|February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-13|title=ELIXIR 2019 - Institute of Medical Sciences BHU|url=https://www.indcareer.com/events/elixir-ims-bhu/|access-date=2022-02-05|website=IndCareer College Events|language=en-US|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118182514/https://www.indcareer.com/events/elixir-ims-bhu/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ELIXIR 2019, Institute of Medical Sciences BHU, Cultural Festival, Varanasi|url=https://www.knowafest.com/college-fests/events/2019/01/1021-elixir-2019-institute-medical-sciences-bhu-cultural-festival-varanasi|access-date=2022-02-05|website=www.knowafest.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mr. & Ms ELIXIR 2010|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/ims/webgallery/pages/Mr.%20&%20Ms%20ELIXIR%202010.htm|access-date=2022-02-05|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Banaras Hindu University#Institute of Management Studies (FMS-BHU or IMSt-BHU)|Institute of Management Studies, BHU]]
+|Unnayan
+|February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome to Institute of Management Studies, BHU.|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/fms/unnayan.php|access-date=2022-02-05|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=IM (FMS) BHU |user=im_fms_bhu |number=1092105451230003200 |date=2019-02-03 |title=The Annual Cultural Fest of Institute of Management Studies, Banaras Hindu University 'Unnayan 2019 kick started on February 1, 2019 with lots of fun, enthusiasm, ecstasy and zeal among the students. #Unnayan2k19 #banarasHinduUniversity @VCofficeBHU @im_fms_bhu https://t.co/D7Lus8sjKU |language=en |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208162653/https://twitter.com/im_fms_bhu/status/1092105451230003200 |archive-date=2022-02-08 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=IM (FMS) BHU |user=im_fms_bhu |number=978967391781601280 |date=2018-03-28 |title=IM BHU felicitates the winners of Unnayan &amp; Pratispardha 2018:-#PRATISPARDHA (IM-BHU's annual sports fest) which had started on 3rd Feb, 2018 #UNNAYAN (Cultural and literary fest of the institute) which commenced on 9th Feb, 2018. https://t.co/836iTNXdFa |language=en |access-date=2022-02-18}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University|Faculty of Arts, BHU]]
+|Sanskriti
+|February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU: कला संकाय के युवा महोत्सव में दिखी विभिन्न राज्यों की संस्कृति, VIDEO|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/story-bhu-culture-of-various-states-seen-in-youth-festival-of-faculty-of-arts-video-3003785.html|access-date=2022-02-11|website=Hindustan|language=hindi}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |author=BHU Official |user=bhupro |number=1225005191834914816 |date=2020-02-05 |title=Day 2 of Arts Faculty's Youth Festival "Sanskriti". #BHU #BanarasHinduUniversity @VCofficeBHU @HRDMinistry @DrRPNishank https://t.co/kwbBkHCoUR |language=en |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216035337/https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1225005191834914816 |archive-date=2022-02-16 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Scroll Staff|title=BHU event featuring item that allegedly glorified Godse prompts students to make police complaint|url=https://scroll.in/latest/869536/bhu-event-featuring-item-that-allegedly-glorified-godse-prompts-students-to-make-police-complaint|access-date=2022-02-11|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Banaras Hindu University#Faculty of Social Sciences (FSS)|Faculty of Social Sciences, BHU]]
+|Abhikalpan
+|February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Abhikalpan 2020, Banaras Hindu University Faculty of Social Sciences, Youth Fest, Varanasi|url=https://www.knowafest.com/college-fests/events/2019/11/0702-abhikalpan-2020-banaras-hindu-university-faculty-social-sciences-youth-fest-varanasi|access-date=2022-02-05|website=www.knowafest.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-10|title=Abhikalpan 19 - Banaras Hindu University|url=https://www.indcareer.com/events/abhikalpan/|access-date=2022-02-05|website=IndCareer College Events|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=अभिकल्पन में कल्पनाओं की रंगोली|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/21550694773-varanasi-news|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[Faculty of Law, Banaras Hindu University|Law School, BHU]]
+|Srijan
+|December, or February–March
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Law School, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/campus-life.html#:~:text=%27Srijan%27%20is%20annual%20cultural%20festival%20of%20Law%20School%20BHU.%20Students%20showcase%20their%20talents%20and%20winners%20of%20all%20events%20in%20%27Srijan%27%20represent%20the%20faculty%20at%20university%20level%20cultural%20festival%20called%20%27Spandan%27.%20Both%20the%20festivals%20are%20celebrated%20with%20enthusiasm.%20Judges%20witness%20amazing%20talents%20every%20year.|access-date=2022-02-05|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU Law School Newsletter|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/law/content/newsletter/NEWSL.pdf|page=5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=10 February 2013|first=Binay|last=Singh|title=The Law School of Banaras Hindu University (BHU) is going to organise its annual function -Srijan at Swatantrata Bhawan on Monday. - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/the-law-school-of-banaras-hindu-university-bhu-is-going-to-organise-its-annual-function-srijan-at-swatantrata-bhawan-on-monday-/articleshow/18431243.cms|access-date=2022-02-05|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[DAV Post Graduate College|DAV PG College, BHU]]
+|Udaan
+|June–July
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cultural Activities|url=https://davpgcvns.ac.in/cultural-activities/|access-date=2022-02-05|website=DAV PG College|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=डिजिटल युवा महोत्सव में प्रतिभाओं की उड़ान|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/story-flight-of-talent-in-digital-youth-festival-4204509.html|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Hindustan|language=hindi}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |date=2020-02-18 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvnGSd59cQ8 |title=Day 3 , Highlights , UDAAN 2020 #DAV PG COLLEGE VARANASI |publisher=Wayfarer. |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=2022-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220205173055/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvnGSd59cQ8 |archive-date=2022-02-05 |url-status=live}}</ref>
+|-
+|Banaras Hindu University
+|[[Malviya]] Jayanti
+|December
+|<ref>{{Cite web|title=मालवीय जयंती समारोह: फूलों से महकी महामना की बगिया, दीपों से जमगमाया मालवीय भवन|url=https://www.amarujala.com/photo-gallery/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/malviya-jayanti-celebrations-in-bhu-mahamana-bagiya-lit-with-flowers-malviya-bhavan-lit-up-with-lamps|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=महामना की जयंती पर BHU में तीन दिवसीय पुष्प प्रदर्शनी का आगाज, नौ तसवीरों में देखें मनमोहक झलकियां|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/photos/bhu-3-days-flower-exhibition-started-from-25-december-on-madan-malviya-birth-anniversary-abk|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News|language=hi}}</ref>
+|}
+==== Convocation Dress ====
 [[File:Prime Minister Narendra Modi felicitates student at Banaras Hindu University (BHU) Convocation.png|alt=Convocation attendees in university academic costume|left|thumb|158x158px|Convocation attendees in university academic costume]]
-[[Academic costume]] is mandatory for university convocation. The university's academic costume is White [[Saree]] with red border, and red blouse for females; and White [[Kurta]] with [[Dhoti]] or [[Pyjama]] for male students. Both academic costume include yellow [[Pagri (turban)#Rajasthani pagari|Safa]] and [[Uttariya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY|url=https://bhu.ac.in/notices/oct2018/29/1882.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=April 8, 2015|first=Punkhuri|last=Kapoor|title=Sari, dhoti-kurta to replace gowns at BHU convocation|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/sari-dhoti-kurta-to-replace-gowns-at-bhu-convocation/articleshow/46855902.cms|access-date=2021-12-31|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
+[[Academic costume]] is mandatory for university convocation. The university's academic costume is White [[Saree]] with red border, and red blouse for females; and White [[Kurta]] with [[Dhoti]] or [[Pyjama]] for male students. Both academic costumes include [[Pagri (turban)#Rajasthani pagari|Safa]] and [[Uttariya]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University|url=https://bhu.ac.in/notices/oct2018/29/1882.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=31 December 2021|archive-date=1 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501210337/http://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/oct2018/29/1882.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=8 April 2015|first=Punkhuri|last=Kapoor|title=Sari Dhoti-kurta to replace gowns at BHU convocation|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/sari-dhoti-kurta-to-replace-gowns-at-bhu-convocation/articleshow/46855902.cms|access-date=31 December 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=31 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231094857/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/sari-dhoti-kurta-to-replace-gowns-at-bhu-convocation/articleshow/46855902.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> BHU was the first prominent university in India to ditch [[Academic dress#United Kingdom and Ireland|Western convocation dress]] for [[Academic dress#India|Indian traditional convocation dress]], which led to students at other universities demanding the same,<ref>{{cite news |date=14 July 2013 |title=Cracking the Dress Code |pages=2 |work=[[The Hindustan Times]] |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-lucknow/20130714/281663957609167/textview |access-date=2022-09-09}}</ref> and eventually other universities following suit.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Kritika |date=2019-06-26 |title=Convocation robes out, students will now wear traditional attire 'made of Indian handloom' |url=https://theprint.in/india/convocation-robes-out-students-will-now-wear-traditional-attire-made-of-indian-handloom/254630/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-19 |title=Mumbai University dumps 'colonial robes' for Indian attire at convocation |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mumbai-university-dumps-colonial-robes-for-indian-attire-at-convocation/ |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
-University anthem, [[Banaras Hindu University Kulgeet]], is sung in chorus before the convocation<ref>{{Citation|title=BHU Kulgeet @ 100th Convocation|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3isS5FZ47Y|language=en|access-date=2022-01-09}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=BHU University kul geet convocation 101|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqMJPLmILm0|language=en|access-date=2022-01-09}}</ref> or any other official event begins.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-09|title=Row erupts over photo of ‘Sare Jahan Se Accha’ writer in BHU|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/row-erupts-over-photo-of-sare-jahan-se-accha-writer-in-bhu-101636482550507.html|access-date=2022-01-09|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>
+=== Clubs and societies ===
+BHU has university level [[Mountaineering]] Centre,<ref>{{Cite web |title=UMC |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/UMC/Index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231070857/https://www.bhu.ac.in/UMC/Index.html |archive-date=31 December 2021 |access-date=31 December 2021 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Feb 23, 2012 |title=Workshop on adventure sports at University Mountaineering Centre {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/workshop-on-adventure-sports-at-university-mountaineering-centre/articleshow/12002700.cms |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> and University Sports Board.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Banaras Hindu University, Sports Board |url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/sport_board/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231070902/https://www.bhu.ac.in/sport_board/ |archive-date=31 December 2021 |access-date=31 December 2021 |website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=लोगो से बीएचयू स्पोर्ट्स बोर्ड को मिलेगी नई पहचान |url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/bhu-sports-board-will-get-a-new-identity-from-the-logo-varanasi-news-vns618147340 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref>  Other interest-specific clubs<ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Feb 16, 2022 |title=Nat'l Youth Parliament Ends: Rs Member Subramanian Swamy Speaks On Hate Speech {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/natl-youth-parliament-ends-rs-member-subramanian-swamy-speaks-on-hate-speech/articleshow/89603223.cms |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=लंका थाने में 18 घंटे धरने पर बैठे रहे छात्र:BHU में थिएटर ग्रुप के साथ हुई थी मारपीट और छेड़खानी; तीन के खिलाफ FIR |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]] |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/news/no-fir-registered-for-assault-and-molestation-with-theater-group-at-bhu-in-varanasi-the-university-was-sent-to-the-police-of-the-lanka-police-station-130293868.html}}</ref> and societies exist at faculty, institute, and college level, like ''FSS Connect'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2019 |title=FSS-BHU Connect - Faculty Of Social Sciences, BHU |url=https://www.fssconnect.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920131526/https://www.fssconnect.org/ |archive-date=20 September 2019 |access-date=31 December 2021 |website=}}</ref> which is a consortium of all societies and clubs at the Faculty of Social Sciences. In 2022 ''BHU Connect'' was introduced, which is a platform that acts as a consortium for different institutes' clubs and societies, as well as act as an umbrella for students run unit to manage clubs, events and ensure help to aspirants and freshers at the Banaras Hindu University.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2022 |title=FSS-BHU Connect - Faculty Of Social Sciences, BHU |url=https://www.bhuconnect.org/ |access-date=17 March 2022}}</ref>
 ===Awards and medals===
-[[File:BHU_Medal_for_meritorious_students.png|thumb|152x152px|BHU Medal]]The following awards and medals are given to meritorious students in BHU:
+[[File:BHU_Medal_for_meritorious_students.png|thumb|152x152px|BHU Medal]]Medals and prizes are awarded at faculty, as well as university level. Each faculty and institute have several in-house awards and medals.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|publisher=Banaras Hindu University Varanasi|title=List of Medals and Prizes|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/convocation2013/MedalandPrize/LISTOFMEDALSANDPRIZESBEAWARDEDAT95THCONVOCATIONOFTHEUNIVERSITY1%20.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=13 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200113212718/http://www.bhu.ac.in/convocation2013/MedalandPrize/LISTOFMEDALSANDPRIZESBEAWARDEDAT95THCONVOCATIONOFTHEUNIVERSITY1%20.pdf}}</ref> Some of the university level medals include:
-* The BHU medal, also called the BHU Chancellor's medal is given to students who secure the first position in their respective departments or faculties.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU का 100वां दीक्षांत समारोह: 57 छात्र-छात्राओं को मिला गोल्ड मेडल|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/story-bhu-100-convocation-57-students-gets-the-gold-medal-2277745.html|access-date=2021-12-11|website=Hindustan|language=hindi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=March 10, 2011|title=Jahnvee to get BHU Chancellor's Medal|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/jahnvee-to-get-bhu-chancellors-medal/articleshow/7673323.cms|access-date=2021-12-11|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
+* The ''BHU Chancellor's Medal'' is given to the student securing highest [[CGPA]] in the university.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU का 100वां दीक्षांत समारोह: 57 छात्र-छात्राओं को मिला गोल्ड मेडल|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/story-bhu-100-convocation-57-students-gets-the-gold-medal-2277745.html|access-date=11 December 2021|website=Hindustan|language=hindi|archive-date=11 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211121011/https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/story-bhu-100-convocation-57-students-gets-the-gold-medal-2277745.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1"/>
+*The ''BHU Medal'' is given to students who secure the first position in their respective courses (e.g. B.Com.).<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 March 2011|title=Jahnvee to get BHU Chancellor's Medal|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/jahnvee-to-get-bhu-chancellors-medal/articleshow/7673323.cms|access-date=11 December 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=11 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211152644/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/jahnvee-to-get-bhu-chancellors-medal/articleshow/7673323.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1"/>
-=== Clubs and societies ===
+*''Late Maharaja [[Vibhuti Narayan Singh|Vibhuti Narain Singh]] Gold Medal'' is given to the student securing the highest [[CGPA]] in the university.<ref>{{Cite web|title= BHU Official on Twitter: "The 101st #Convocation will mark the presentation of two Chancellor medals,two Late Maharaja Vibhuti Narain Singh Gold Medals & 29 BHU medals. 508 medals, prizes & awards will be presented to students at faculty level in P.G. & Under Graduate exams of the University. @VCofficeBHU"|url=https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1205928371282206728|access-date=16 January 2022|website=Twitter|language=en|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116083144/https://twitter.com/bhupro/status/1205928371282206728|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU's 101st Convocation Begins; 11,529 Degrees To Be Awarded To Students|url=https://www.ndtv.com/education/bhu-convocation-101st-on-december-23-2153030|access-date=16 January 2022|website=NDTV.com|language=en|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116083147/https://www.ndtv.com/education/bhu-convocation-101st-on-december-23-2153030|url-status=live}}</ref>
-BHU has university level [[Mountaineering]] Centre,<ref>{{Cite web|title=UMC|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/UMC/Index.html|access-date=2021-12-31|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref> and University Sports Board.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Sports Board|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/sport_board/|access-date=2021-12-31|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref>  Other interest-specific clubs and societies exist at faculty, institute, and college level,  like FSS Connect,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-09-20|title=FSS-BHU Connect - Faculty Of Social Sciences, BHU|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920131526/https://www.fssconnect.org/|access-date=2021-12-31|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> which is a consortium of all societies and clubs at the Faculty of Social Sciences.
+*''Ex-President of India Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma Gold Medal'' is awarded to the student exhibiting best character, academic excellence, outstanding co-curricular, extra-curricular, and social services in the university.<ref>{{Cite web|website=Banaras Hindu University Varanasi|title=Ex-President of India Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma Gold Medal|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/dec2020/30/0001.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=16 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416012126/https://www.bhu.ac.in/notices/dec2020/30/0001.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Dean, Faculty of Science|title= Ms. Apoorva from Department of Botany, Institute of Science has been awarded the most prestigious "Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma Gold Medal" by the Hon'ble Vice-Chancellor, Prof. Rakesh Bhatnagar. @VCofficeBHU @bhupro @ProfAnilKumarT1 @dsw_bhu... |url=https://twitter.com/deansciencebhu/status/1353982203177259009|access-date=16 January 2022|website=Twitter|language=en|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116101429/https://twitter.com/deansciencebhu/status/1353982203177259009|url-status=live}}</ref>
+*''Bhagwandas Thakurdas Chandwani Gold Medal'' is given to the student standing first in [[MBBS]] at the [[IMS-BHU]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mallika Tewari, MBBS, MS, M.Ch, MRCS.EdAssociate Professor and Head Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005, UP, India – Openventio Publishers|url=https://openventio.org/mallika-tewari-mbbs-msgeneral-surgery-m-chsurgical-oncology-mrcs-ed/|access-date=16 January 2022|language=en-US|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118182651/https://openventio.org/mallika-tewari-mbbs-msgeneral-surgery-m-chsurgical-oncology-mrcs-ed/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1" />
+*''The Wagle Gold Medal'' is given to the student standing first in M.A. Economics.<ref>{{Cite news|date=24 April 2014|title=BHU convocation: J'khand girl bags three gold medals|page=04|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|publication-place=Ranchi|url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-ranchi/20140402/281754152288857|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116083146/https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-ranchi/20140402/281754152288857|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1"/>
 === Student unions and protests ===
 {{See also|Banaras Hindu University Students' Union}}
-BHU does not have an active political student union, but an administrative student council called the '''Banaras Hindu University Students Council''' to represent and safeguard the interests of the students.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-03|title=BHU students face a long battle ahead for their union|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/bhu-students-face-a-long-battle-ahead-for-their-union/story-6LoffR29DzUGbw7PQ9gw0H.html|access-date=2021-12-31|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ORDINANCES  GOVERNING  THE STUDENTS COUNCIL OF THE BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY, 2012|url=https://bhu.ac.in/StuentsCouncil/ORDINANCESGOVERNINGTHECONTITUTIONOFBHUTUDENTSCOUNCIL2012.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
+Banaras Hindu University does not have an active political student union, but an administrative student council called the Banaras Hindu University Students Council to represent and safeguard the interests of the students.<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 October 2019|title=BHU students face a long battle ahead for their union|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/bhu-students-face-a-long-battle-ahead-for-their-union/story-6LoffR29DzUGbw7PQ9gw0H.html|access-date=31 December 2021|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|archive-date=31 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231070854/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/bhu-students-face-a-long-battle-ahead-for-their-union/story-6LoffR29DzUGbw7PQ9gw0H.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ORDINANCES GOVERNING THE STUDENTS COUNCIL OF THE BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY, 2012|url=https://bhu.ac.in/StuentsCouncil/ORDINANCESGOVERNINGTHECONTITUTIONOFBHUTUDENTSCOUNCIL2012.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=31 December 2021|archive-date=14 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414214022/http://bhu.ac.in/StuentsCouncil/ORDINANCESGOVERNINGTHECONTITUTIONOFBHUTUDENTSCOUNCIL2012.pdf}}</ref>
-Despite no elections, student wing of major political parties have an active presence on campus.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU: ABVP Protest Led to Withdrawal of Urdu Dept Poster Bearing Iqbal Photo, HoD Apologises|url=https://thewire.in/education/bhu-abvp-protest-led-to-withdrawal-of-urdu-dept-poster-bearing-iqbal-photo-hod-apologises|access-date=2021-12-31|website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=December 20, 2021|title=NSUI suspects newly appointed BHU VC missing, files police complaint|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nsui-newly-appointed-bhu-vc-missing-complaint-police-1889719-2021-12-20|access-date=2021-12-31|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref>
+Despite no elections, student wings of major political parties have an active presence on the campus.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU: ABVP Protest Led to Withdrawal of Urdu Dept Poster Bearing Iqbal Photo, HoD Apologises|url=https://thewire.in/education/bhu-abvp-protest-led-to-withdrawal-of-urdu-dept-poster-bearing-iqbal-photo-hod-apologises|access-date=31 December 2021|website=The Wire|archive-date=31 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231070854/https://thewire.in/education/bhu-abvp-protest-led-to-withdrawal-of-urdu-dept-poster-bearing-iqbal-photo-hod-apologises|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=20 December 2021|title=NSUI suspects newly appointed BHU VC missing, files police complaint|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nsui-newly-appointed-bhu-vc-missing-complaint-police-1889719-2021-12-20|access-date=31 December 2021|website=India Today|language=en|archive-date=20 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220055753/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nsui-newly-appointed-bhu-vc-missing-complaint-police-1889719-2021-12-20|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Organized and unorganized '''protests''' are held often in the campus due to the vast majority of students.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-17|title=BHU students protest decision to make Nita Ambani visiting professor|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/bhu-students-protest-decision-to-make-nita-ambani-visiting-professor-7231577/|access-date=2021-12-31|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=बीएचयू अस्पताल के खिलाफ छात्रों ने खोला मोर्चा: एंबुलेंस चालक और दलालों की मिलीभगत का आरोप, सिंह द्वार पर मौजूद पुलिस बल|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/bhu-students-protest-outside-of-main-gate-against-irregularities-in-hospital-police-deployed-in-varanasi|access-date=2021-12-31|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref> The most prominent protest in the last few years have been the [[Banaras Hindu University women's rights protest]].<ref>{{cite web |title=What is the BHU protest? everything you need to know |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/what-is/bhu-protest-police-lathicharge-video-sexual-harassment-molestation-4860135/ |website=The Indian Express |language=en-IN |date=25 September 2017 |access-date=5 May 2019 |archive-date=5 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505180055/https://indianexpress.com/article/what-is/bhu-protest-police-lathicharge-video-sexual-harassment-molestation-4860135/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
+Organized and unorganized protests are held often in the campus due to the vast majority of students.<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 March 2021|title=BHU students protest decision to make Nita Ambani visiting professor|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/bhu-students-protest-decision-to-make-nita-ambani-visiting-professor-7231577/|access-date=31 December 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=31 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231070854/https://indianexpress.com/article/education/bhu-students-protest-decision-to-make-nita-ambani-visiting-professor-7231577/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=बीएचयू अस्पताल के खिलाफ छात्रों ने खोला मोर्चा: एंबुलेंस चालक और दलालों की मिलीभगत का आरोप, सिंह द्वार पर मौजूद पुलिस बल|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/bhu-students-protest-outside-of-main-gate-against-irregularities-in-hospital-police-deployed-in-varanasi|access-date=31 December 2021|website=Amar Ujala|language=hi|archive-date=31 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231070855/https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/bhu-students-protest-outside-of-main-gate-against-irregularities-in-hospital-police-deployed-in-varanasi|url-status=live}}</ref> The most prominent protest in the last few years have been the [[Banaras Hindu University women's rights protest]].<ref>{{cite web |title=What is the BHU protest? everything you need to know |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/what-is/bhu-protest-police-lathicharge-video-sexual-harassment-molestation-4860135/ |website=The Indian Express |language=en-IN |date=25 September 2017 |access-date=5 May 2019 |archive-date=5 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505180055/https://indianexpress.com/article/what-is/bhu-protest-police-lathicharge-video-sexual-harassment-molestation-4860135/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
-==Notable people==
+==Gallery of notable alumni and faculty==
-{{alumni|date=June 2017}}
 {{main|List of Banaras Hindu University people|List of Vice-Chancellors of Banaras Hindu University}}
-Alumni and faculty of BHU have gained prominence in India and across the world. Among BHU's administrators was [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]], who went on to become the [[President of India]]. Other famous administrators include [[Sunder Lal (lawyer)|Sunder Lal]], [[K. L. Shrimali]], [[Moti Lal Dhar]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=History of BHU|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/history.html|access-date=2021-12-13|website=www.bhu.ac.in}}</ref><gallery mode="nolines" widths="100" caption="Past and present administrators, visiting faculty and faculty">
+Alumni and faculty of the Banaras Hindu University, called BHUians and ''{{Lang|hi|महामना के मानस पुत्र/पुत्री}}'' <ref>{{Cite web|last=Jhalak Har Khabar|title=महामना के मानस पुत्र|url=https://www.jhknews.in/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0/|access-date=21 January 2022|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121112818/https://www.jhknews.in/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhaskar|date=|title=BHU से राजघाट तक 900 किमी की साइकिल यात्रा कल:वाराणसी से नई दिल्ली तक स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन के वीरों की गाथा सुनाएंगे छात्र|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/news/manas-putra-of-mahamana-will-narrate-the-saga-of-the-heroes-of-the-freedom-movement-from-varanasi-to-new-delhi-129027681.html|access-date=21 January 2022|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105806/https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/news/manas-putra-of-mahamana-will-narrate-the-saga-of-the-heroes-of-the-freedom-movement-from-varanasi-to-new-delhi-129027681.html|url-status=live}}</ref>(''{{Translation|Soulful Sons/Daughters of [[Mahamana]]}}''), have gained prominence in India and across the world in almost all fields of arts, science, and social work. Two former [[President of India|Presidents of India]], [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] and [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]] have worked and taught at the university. Other famous administrators include [[Sunder Lal (lawyer)|Sunder Lal]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2015 |title=History of BHU |url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/history1.htm |access-date=21 January 2022 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923184751/http://www.bhu.ac.in/history1.htm |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[K. L. Shrimali]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Members Bioprofile|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/1017.htm|access-date=21 January 2022|website=loksabhaph.nic.in|archive-date=13 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113101319/http://loksabhaph.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/1017.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Moti Lal Dhar]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=History of BHU|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/history.html|access-date=13 December 2021|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515173748/https://www.bhu.ac.in/Centre/history.html|url-status=live}}</ref><gallery mode="nolines" widths="100" caption="Past and present administrators, visiting faculty and faculty">
-File:Photograph of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan presented to First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in 1962.jpg|[[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan|S Radhakrishnan]]
+File:Photograph of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan presented to First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in 1962.jpg|[[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan|S Radhakrishnan]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-05|title=Teachers Day 2021: Know all about Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/teachers-day-2021-know-all-about-dr-sarvepalli-radhakrishnan-101630801598409.html|access-date=2022-01-21|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105806/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/teachers-day-2021-know-all-about-dr-sarvepalli-radhakrishnan-101630801598409.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Sir CV Raman.JPG|[[C. V. Raman|CV Raman]]
+File:Sir CV Raman.JPG|[[C. V. Raman|CV Raman]]<ref>{{Cite speech |last=Raman |first=C. V. |date=1926 |title=Dr Sir C. V. Raman's Address |url=http://dspace.rri.res.in:8080/jspui/handle/2289/3265|language=en |access-date=21 January 2022|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105812/http://dspace.rri.res.in:8080/jspui/handle/2289/3265|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.jpg|[[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam|APJ Abdul Kalam]]
+File:A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.jpg|[[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam|APJ Abdul Kalam]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-10-24|title=A P J Abdul Kalam to teach at BHU|url=https://www.oneindia.com/2007/10/23/a-p-j-abdul-kalam-to-teach-at-bhu-1193206796.html|access-date=2022-01-21|website=oneindia.com|language=en|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105812/https://www.oneindia.com/2007/10/23/a-p-j-abdul-kalam-to-teach-at-bhu-1193206796.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Girija Devi at Bhopal (4).JPG|[[Girija Devi]]
+File:Girija Devi at Bhopal (4).JPG|[[Girija Devi]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-10-24|title=बीएचयू में सबसे अलग थी अप्पा जी की क्लास, संगीत-मंचकला संकाय में विजिटिंग प्रोफेसर रहीं गिरिजा देवी|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/girija-devi-was-a-visiting-professor-at-bhu|access-date=2022-01-21|language=hi|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105806/https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi/girija-devi-was-a-visiting-professor-at-bhu|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Sucheta Kripalani (cropped).jpg|[[Sucheta Kripalani]]
+File:Sucheta Kripalani (cropped).jpg|[[Sucheta Kripalani]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Loksabha Profile|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/804.htm|access-date=2022-01-21|language=en|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105808/http://loksabhaph.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/804.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:N rajam (cropped).jpg|[[N. Rajam]]
+File:N rajam (cropped).jpg|[[N. Rajam]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Anand|first=Lakshmi|date=2021-02-18|title=Rajam's journey with the violin|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/rajams-journey-with-the-violin/article33870635.ece|access-date=2022-01-29|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105806/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/rajams-journey-with-the-violin/article33870635.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:B C Nirmal.jpg|[[B.C. Nirmal]]
+File:B C Nirmal.jpg|[[B.C. Nirmal]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shrivastava|first=Prachi|title=Ex-BHU Prof BC Nirmal wins NUSRL Ranchi VC-ship|url=https://www.legallyindia.com/lawschools/ex-bhu-prof-bc-nirmal-appointed-to-nusrl-vc-ship-20140217-4353|access-date=2022-01-29|website=www.legallyindia.com|language=en-gb|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105810/https://www.legallyindia.com/lawschools/ex-bhu-prof-bc-nirmal-appointed-to-nusrl-vc-ship-20140217-4353|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Adya Prasad Pandey.jpg|[[Adya Prasad Pandey]]
+File:Adya Prasad Pandey.jpg|[[Adya Prasad Pandey]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-10-27|title=Manipur University: BHU prof Aadya Prasad Pandey named new Vice Chancellor|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/manipur-university-bhu-prof-aadya-prasad-pandey-named-new-vice-chancellor-3104763/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105807/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/manipur-university-bhu-prof-aadya-prasad-pandey-named-new-vice-chancellor-3104763/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:SR Ranganathan 1992 stamp of India.jpg|[[S. R. Ranganathan]]
+File:SR Ranganathan 1992 stamp of India.jpg|[[S. R. Ranganathan]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=S. R. Ranganathan BHU - Google Search|url=https://www.google.com/search?q&#61;S.+R.+Ranganathan+BHU&sxsrf&#61;AOaemvIp0pEYQKS9Mj_VxGSh6-O40Uajfg:1642762224454&ei&#61;8I_qYfOcG-XC3LUPobmGiAY&ved&#61;0ahUKEwjz1NqW1sL1AhVlIbcAHaGcAWEQ4dUDCA4&uact&#61;5&oq&#61;S.+R.+Ranganathan+BHU&gs_lcp&#61;Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAM6BwgjELADECc6BwgAEEcQsANKBAhBGABKBAhGGABQmwNYmwNgmQpoAXACeACAAc4BiAHOAZIBAzItMZgBAKABAqABAcgBA8ABAQ&sclient&#61;gws-wiz|access-date=2022-01-29|website=www.google.com|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105810/https://www.google.com/search?q=S.+R.+Ranganathan+BHU&sxsrf=AOaemvIp0pEYQKS9Mj_VxGSh6-O40Uajfg:1642762224454&ei=8I_qYfOcG-XC3LUPobmGiAY&ved=0ahUKEwjz1NqW1sL1AhVlIbcAHaGcAWEQ4dUDCA4&uact=5&oq=S.+R.+Ranganathan+BHU&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAM6BwgjELADECc6BwgAEEcQsANKBAhBGABKBAhGGABQmwNYmwNgmQpoAXACeACAAc4BiAHOAZIBAzItMZgBAKABAqABAcgBA8ABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Ramchandra Shukla.jpg|[[Ramchandra Shukla]]
+File:Ramchandra Shukla.jpg|[[Ramchandra Shukla]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=इनके चलते हो गया हिंदी और उर्दू का ब्रेक-अप|url=https://www.thelallantop.com/tehkhana/five-interesting-stories-about-ramchandra-shukla-on-his-birth-anniversary/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=LallanTop - News with most viral and Social Sharing Indian content on the web in Hindi|language=hi|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105811/https://www.thelallantop.com/tehkhana/five-interesting-stories-about-ramchandra-shukla-on-his-birth-anniversary/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Omkarnath Thakur 1997 stamp of India.jpg|[[Omkarnath Thakur]]
+File:Omkarnath Thakur 1997 stamp of India.jpg|[[Omkarnath Thakur]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Hindu University, Faculty of Performing Arts,Department of Musicology, Varanasi|url=https://www.bhu.ac.in/performing_arts/musicology/|access-date=2022-01-29|website=www.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105810/https://www.bhu.ac.in/performing_arts/musicology/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Revered Prof. Prem Saran Satsangi.png|[[Prem Saran Satsangi]]
+File:Revered Prof. Prem Saran Satsangi.png|[[Prem Saran Satsangi]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dei.ac.in/dei/edei/files/a1-f1-mc08e40c4a47f73e63cf6dd84184e6fff538072d2-ATT1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 January 2022 |archive-date=8 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108012316/https://www.dei.ac.in/dei/edei/files/a1-f1-mc08e40c4a47f73e63cf6dd84184e6fff538072d2-ATT1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
-File:Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar 1994 stamp of India.jpg|[[Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar]]
+File:Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar 1994 stamp of India.jpg|[[Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://vigyanprasar.gov.in/bhatnagar-shanti-swarup/ |title=Bhatnagar Shanti Swarup &#124; Home |access-date=21 January 2022 |archive-date=21 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121111316/https://vigyanprasar.gov.in/bhatnagar-shanti-swarup/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
-File:Patcha Ramachandra Rao.jpg|[[Patcha Ramachandra Rao]]
+File:Patcha Ramachandra Rao.jpg|[[Patcha Ramachandra Rao]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=INSA :: Deceased Fellow Detail|url=https://www.insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id&#61;N85-0913|access-date=2022-01-29|website=www.insaindia.res.in|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511050347/https://www.insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id=N85-0913|url-status=live}}</ref>
-File:Bust of Birbal Sahni (Birla Industrial & Technological Museum).jpg|[[Birbal Sahni]]
+File:Bust of Birbal Sahni (Birla Industrial & Technological Museum).jpg|[[Birbal Sahni]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sahni, Birbal (1891-1949) – International Organisation of Palaeobotany|url=https://palaeobotany.org/index.php/palaeobotanist-biographies/sahni-birbal-1891-1949/|access-date=2022-01-29|language=en-US|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121105809/https://palaeobotany.org/index.php/palaeobotanist-biographies/sahni-birbal-1891-1949/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-</gallery>The university's alumni include [[Ashok Agarwal]], [[Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay]],  [[Harivansh Rai Bachchan]],  [[Kamalesh Chandra Chakrabarty]], [[Ahmad Hasan Dani]], [[Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar]], [[Kota Harinarayana]], [[Bhupen Hazarika]], [[Kothapalli Jayashankar]], [[Krishan Kant]], [[Shashi P. Karna]], [[Jagdish Kashyap]], [[Akhlesh Lakhtakia]],  [[Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri]], [[Jayant Vishnu Narlikar]], [[A. K. Narain]], [[Raj Narain]], [[Veena Pandey]],  [[T. V. Ramakrishnan]], [[Amara Ranatunga]], [[C.N.R Rao]], [[Narla Tata Rao]],  [[Patcha Ramachandra Rao]], [[Harkishan Singh]],  [[Manick Sorcar]], [[Prem Saran Satsangi]], [[Tapan Singhel]], [[Shyam Sunder Surolia]], [[Satish K. Tripathi]]. Amongst its famous international students are [[Robert M. Pirsig]] and [[Koenraad Elst]].<gallery mode="nolines" widths="100">
+</gallery>
-File:Ashok Agarwal 2013.jpg|[[Ashok Agarwal]]
+Alumni include:
-File:Harivansh Rai Bachchan 2003 stamp of India.jpg|[[Harivansh Rai Bachchan]]
+<gallery mode="nolines" widths="100" heights="120">
+File:Ashok Agarwal 2013.jpg|[[Ashok Agarwal]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Ashok Agarwal is named IVF Expert of the Year 2019 {{!}} Embcol|url=https://embcol.org/Agarwal|access-date=2022-01-21|website=embcol.org|language=en|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121154940/https://embcol.org/Agarwal|url-status=live}}</ref>
+File:Harivansh Rai Bachchan 2003 stamp of India.jpg|[[Harivansh Rai Bachchan]]<ref name="indianexpress.com">{{Cite web|date=3 March 2016|title=Abhishek Bachchan: Want Aaradhya to retain the family connection with BHU|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/want-aaradhya-to-retain-the-family-connection-with-bhu-abhishek-bachchan/|access-date=21 January 2022|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121154940/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/want-aaradhya-to-retain-the-family-connection-with-bhu-abhishek-bachchan/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 File:Professor-Harkishan-Singh.jpg|[[Harkishan Singh]]
-File:Bindeshwar Pathak.jpg|[[Bindeshwar Pathak]]
+File:Bindeshwar Pathak.jpg|[[Bindeshwar Pathak]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=BHU Notable Alumni - Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.|url=https://new.bhu.ac.in/Site/BHUNotableAlumni/1_0|access-date=2022-01-29|website=new.bhu.ac.in|archive-date=14 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714065255/https://new.bhu.ac.in/Site/BHUNotableAlumni/1_0|url-status=live}}</ref>
 File:Dr. Bhupen Hazarika, Assam, India.jpg|[[Bhupen Hazarika]]
 File:Krishan Kant 2005 stamp of India.jpg|[[Krishan Kant]]
 File:Raj Narain 2007 stamp of India.jpg|[[Raj Narain]]
 File:T V Ramakrishnan 2696 (cropped).JPG|[[T. V. Ramakrishnan]]
-File:Kamanio chattopadhyay.jpeg|[[Kamanio Chattopadhyay]]
+File:Kamanio chattopadhyay.jpeg|[[Kamanio Chattopadhyay]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=INSA :: Indian Fellow Detail|url=https://www.insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id&#61;N96-1198|access-date=2022-01-29|website=www.insaindia.res.in|archive-date=1 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501205920/https://www.insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id=N96-1198|url-status=live}}</ref>
 File:Tapan Singhel, MD & CEO, Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company (cropped).jpg|[[Tapan Singhel]]
 File:Portrait of Pandit Shyam Sunder Surolia.jpg|[[Shyam Sunder Surolia]]
 File:Pirsig2005 (cropped).jpg|[[Robert M. Pirsig]]
 File:Koenraad Elst at Varanasi.jpg|[[Koenraad Elst]]
-</gallery>BHU's faculty have included  [[Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar]], [[Ganesh Prasad]], [[Birbal Sahni]], [[Prafulla Kumar Jena]],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.iates.org.in/BIODATA_AND_ACHIEVEMENTS%20OF%20PROF%20DR.%20P.%20K.%20JENA.pdf | title=Institute of Advanced Technology and Environmental Studies profile | publisher=Institute of Advanced Technology and Environmental Studies | date=2015 | access-date=26 June 2015 | archive-date=27 June 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627062121/http://www.iates.org.in/BIODATA_AND_ACHIEVEMENTS%20OF%20PROF%20DR.%20P.%20K.%20JENA.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Omkarnath Thakur]], [[N. Rajam]], [[Saket Kushwaha]] and [[A. K. Narain]].
+File:Dr Kota Harinarayana.jpg|[[Kota Harinarayana]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Profile – Dr. Kota Harinarayana |url=http://nias.res.in/sites/default/files/adjunct/CV-KotaHarinarayana.pdf|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023223254/http://nias.res.in/sites/default/files/adjunct/CV-KotaHarinarayana.pdf|archive-date=23 October 2020}}</ref>
+File:Manu Bhandari bharat-s-tiwari-photography-IMG 7163 December 27, 2015.jpg|[[Mannu Bhandari]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=काशी हिंदू विश्वविद्यालय से हिंदी में एमए किया था मन्नू भंडारी ने, 1951 से 53 तक बनारस में किया था प्रवास |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/varanasi-city-mannu-bhandari-had-done-ma-in-hindi-from-banaras-hindu-university-had-migrated-from-1951-to-53-in-banaras-jagran-special-22208964.html |access-date=2022-03-20 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>
-== In popular culture ==
+</gallery>
-*Movie [[Raanjhanaa]]; the father of lead actress, played by [[Kumud Mishra]] is a university professor. Lead actor [[Dhanush]] visits the campus frequently in the movie.
-* Book ''A Legendary Dream IMS BHU''<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lakhotia|first=Siddharth|url=https://www.amazon.in/Legendary-Dream-IMS-BHU-ebook/dp/B086J9ZXRX|title=A Legendary Dream IMS BHU|date=2020-03-28|publisher=Siddharth Lakhotia|edition=2nd|language=English}}</ref> is a book on the [[Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University]].
-* Book ''UP65''<ref>{{Cite web|title=UP 65 by Nikhil Sachan|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35848245-up-65|url-status=live|website=[[Goodreads]]}}</ref> by [[Nikhil Sachan]] revolves around [[Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi]].
-*Fiction book ''Banaras Talkies''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Banaras Talkies by Satya Vyas|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/24526673-banaras-talkies|url-status=live|website=[[Goodreads]]}}</ref> by [[Satya Vyas]] is based on the student life at Banaras Hindu University.
-*Book ''Barricade''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Barricade by Abhishek Singh|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/57327379-barricade|url-status=live|website=[[Goodreads]]}}</ref> by Abhishek Singh revolves around Banaras Hindu University.
 ==See also==
@@ Line 452: / Line 490: @@
 ==Further reading==
-* {{cite book|first=Leah|last=Renold|title=A Hindu Education: Early Years of the Banaras Hindu University|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}
+* {{cite book |last1=Dar |first1=S.L. |url=https://archive.org/details/history-of-bhu |title=History Of The Banaras Hindu University |last2=Somaskandan |first2=S. |publisher=[[Banaras Hindu University Press]] |year=1966 |isbn=8185305226 |location= |page= |pages= |language=English |author-link=}}
+* {{cite book |first=Leah |last=Renold |title=A Hindu Education: Early Years of the Banaras Hindu University |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}
 ==External links==
-{{Commons category|Banaras_Hindu_University|Banaras Hindu University}}
-* {{official|http://bhu.ac.in}}
-{{Banaras Hindu University}}
+* {{official website|http://bhu.ac.in}}
+{{Banaras Hindu University|state=auto}}
 {{IndianCentralUniv}}
 {{Varanasi}}
 {{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Banaras Hindu University]]
+[[Category:Banaras Hindu University| ]]
+[[Category:Institutes of Eminence]]
 [[Category:Hindu universities and colleges]]
 [[Category:Central universities in Uttar Pradesh]]
@@ Line 470: / Line 510: @@
 [[Category:1916 establishments in India]]
 [[Category:Madan Mohan Malaviya]]
-[[Category:Central universities in India]]

Hindi: Kashi Hindu Vishwavidyalaya
Seal of the University
Other names	BHU
Former name	Central Hindu College
Motto	IAST: Vidyayā'mritamașnute
Motto in English	"Knowledge imparts immortality"
Type	Public research university
Established	4 February 1916; 110 years ago (1916-02-04)
Founders	Madan Mohan Malaviya Annie Besant Rameshwar Singh Prabhu Narayan Singh Sunder Lal
Academic affiliations	AIU UGC ICAR
Budget	₹18,087,557,399 (US$250 million)^[1]
Chancellor	Giridhar Malaviya^[2]
Vice-Chancellor	Sudhir K. Jain^[3]
Students	30,698^[4]
Undergraduates	15,746^[4]
Postgraduates	7,557^[4]
Doctoral students	4,555^[4]
Location	Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh , India 25°16′04″N 82°59′21″E / 25.2677°N 82.9891°E / 25.2677; 82.9891
Campus	Urban
Language	Hindi, English
Anthem	Kulgeet - Madhur Manohar
Colours	BHU Saffron, BHU Blue, BHU Grey/Silver^[5]
Mascot	Goddess Saraswati
Website	bhu.ac.in
File:Logo of the Banaras Hindu University.png

University rankings
General – India
Outlook India (Universities) (2020)^[201]	7
Medical – India
India Today (2020)^[202]	7
Law – India
India Today (2020)^[203]	5