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{{Short description|Vedic Hindu deities in the Rig Veda}}
{{Short description|Vedic Hindu deities in the Rig Veda}}
{{distinguish|Aaryaman}}
{{distinguish|Airyaman|Ahriman}}
{{use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}
{{use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}
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{{Infobox deity
{{Infobox deity
| type = hindu
| type = hindu
| parents = [[Aditi]] and [[ Kashyapa ]]
| mother = [[Aditi]]
| father = '''Vedic''': [[Vishnu]]<br />
'''Itihasa-Puranic''': [[Kashyapa]]
| planet = [[Sun]]
| planet = [[Sun]]
| deity_of = God of Customs;
| deity_of = God of Customs;
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| texts = [[Vedas]], [[Upanishads]]
| texts = [[Vedas]], [[Upanishads]]
| affiliation = [[Adityas]], [[Deva (Hinduism)|Deva]]
| affiliation = [[Adityas]], [[Deva (Hinduism)|Deva]]
| consort = Mātṛkā {{small|(according to ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]'')<ref name = "BhP" >{{cite web | url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-bhagavata-purana/d/doc1127150.html | title=Progeny of Dakṣa's Daughters &#91;Chapter 6&#93; | date=19 August 2022 }}</ref>}}
| children = Garṣaṇi {{small|(according to ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]'')<ref name = "BhP" />}}
| Indo-european_equivalent = Heryomen
}}{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
}}{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
'''Aryaman''' ({{Lang-sa|अर्यमन्‌|translit=Āryaman}}) is one of the early Vedic [[Hindu deities]].<ref name="Keith1989">{{cite book|author=Arthur Berriedale Keith|title=The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PaH4uKI7MaEC&pg=PA99|year=1989|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishe|isbn=978-81-208-0645-0|pages=99–}}</ref> His name signifies "Life-Partner", "close friend", "Partner", "play-fellow" or "companion".<ref name="ReferenceA">Monier-Williams Sanskrit Dictionary</ref> He is the third son of Kashyapa and [[Aditi]], the father and mother of the [[adityas]], and is depicted as the mid-morning sun disc. He is the deity of customs, and rules over the customs that rule the various Vedic tribes and peoples.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|author=Stephanie Jamison|title=The Rigveda –– Earliest Religious Poetry of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LTRDwAAQBAJ|year=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0190633394|page=44}}</ref>
'''Aryaman''' ({{langx|sa|अर्यमन्‌}}) is one of the early [[Rigvedic deities]].<ref name="Keith1989">{{cite book |author=Keith, Arthur Berriedale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PaH4uKI7MaEC&pg=PA99 |title=The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Published |year=1989 |isbn=978-81-208-0645-0 |pages=99–}}</ref> His name signifies "Life-Partner", "Close Friend", "Sun", "Play-Fellow" or "Companion".<ref name="ReferenceA">Monier-Williams Sanskrit Dictionary</ref> He is the third son of [[Kashyapa]] and [[Aditi]], the father and mother of the [[adityas]], and is depicted as the mid-morning [[Solar symbol|sun disc]]. He is the deity of the customs that rule the various Vedic tribes and people. His name is used widely across India for its deep roots in Hindu culture and rituals. <ref name=":0">{{cite book|author=Stephanie Jamison|title=The Rigveda –– Earliest Religious Poetry of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LTRDwAAQBAJ|year=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0190633394|page=44}}</ref>


In the [[Rigveda]], Aryaman is described as the protector of mares and stallions, and the [[Milky Way]] (aryamṇáḥ pánthāḥ) is said to be his path.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
In the Rigveda, Aryaman is described as the protector of [[mares]] and [[stallions]], and the [[Milky Way]] (aryamṇáḥ pánthāḥ) is said to be his path.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
Aryaman is commonly invoked together with [[Varuna]]-[[Mitra (Vedic)|Mitra]], [[Bhaga]], [[Bṛhaspati]], and other adityas and [[Asura|asuras]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/>  
Aryaman is commonly invoked together with [[Mitra (Vedic)|Mitra]]-[[Varuna]], [[Bhaga]], [[Bṛhaspati]], and other adityas and [[asura]]s.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>  


According to Griffith, the Rigveda also suggests that Aryaman is a supreme deity alongside Mitra and Varuna.<ref name="ref51qudak">[https://books.google.com/books?id=ot7NfhBy148C&pg=PA367&lpg=PA367&dq=Aaryaman+supreme&source=bl&ots=45UTgPcMuB&sig=Xbj_L2ptp9puro_0oozPeA5znsU&hl=en&sa=X&ei=kREKVbTSEJS1sQTk6oCwCA&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Aaryaman%20supreme&f=false (The Hymns of the Rig Veda)]</ref> According to the Rigveda, Indra, who is traditionally considered the most important deity in the Rigveda, is asked to obtain boons and gifts from Aryaman.<ref name="refduyak">[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv04030.htm(Rig Veda Book 4 Hymn 30)]{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Hindu marriage oaths are administered with an invocation to Aryaman being the witness to the event.<ref name="ref14doqol">[https://books.google.com/books?id=4g4cAQAAMAAJ वैदिक विवाह और विवाहित जीवन (Vedic weddings and married life)], रामशरण वशिष्ठ, ''... १४-२-१३--मेरी इस शुभ नारी को धाता प्रजा दे । इसे अर्यमन, मग, अश्विन, प्रजापति, सब प्रजा वाली करें। इसकी संतान बढ़े। ...''</ref><ref name="ref62gulaq">[https://books.google.com/books?id=PSghAAAAMAAJ हिन्दी कथा-कोष: प्राचीन हिन्दी साहित्य में व्यवहारता नामों तथा पौराणिक अंतरकथाओं का संदर्भ ग्रन्थ (Hindi Myth Treasury)], धीरेन्द्र वर्मा, हिन्दुस्तानी एकेडमी, 1974, ''... अर्यमन - १. एक वैदिक देवता जो विश्वदेवों में से एक हैं। २. कश्यप तथा अदिति के पुत्र पितृगण में प्रमुख हैं। ३. द्वादह आदित्यों में से एक जो वैशाख मास में उदय होते हैं और जिनकी किरणों की संख्या ३०० मानी जाती है।''</ref><ref name=":0" /> Aryaman also is the deity of the customs of hospitality.<ref name=":0" />
According to Griffith, the Rigveda also suggests that Aryaman is a supreme deity alongside Mitra and Varuna.<ref name="ref51qudak">[https://books.google.com/books?id=ot7NfhBy148C&dq=Aaryaman+supreme&pg=PA367 (The Hymns of the Rig Veda)]</ref> According to the Rigveda, [[Indra]], who is traditionally considered the most important deity in the Rigveda, is asked to obtain boons and gifts from Aryaman.<ref name="refduyak">[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv04030.htm(Rig Veda Book 4 Hymn 30)]{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Hindu marriage oaths are administered with an invocation to Aryaman being the witness to the event.<ref name="ref14doqol">[https://books.google.com/books?id=4g4cAQAAMAAJ वैदिक विवाह और विवाहित जीवन (Vedic weddings and married life)], रामशरण वशिष्ठ, ''... १४-२-१३--मेरी इस शुभ नारी को धाता प्रजा दे । इसे अर्यमन, मग, अश्विन, प्रजापति, सब प्रजा वाली करें। इसकी संतान बढ़े। ...''</ref><ref name="ref62gulaq">[https://books.google.com/books?id=PSghAAAAMAAJ हिन्दी कथा-कोष: प्राचीन हिन्दी साहित्य में व्यवहारता नामों तथा पौराणिक अंतरकथाओं का संदर्भ ग्रन्थ (Hindi Myth Treasury)], धीरेन्द्र वर्मा, हिन्दुस्तानी एकेडमी, 1974, ''... अर्यमन - १. एक वैदिक देवता जो विश्वदेवों में से एक हैं। २. कश्यप तथा अदिति के पुत्र पितृगण में प्रमुख हैं। ३. द्वादह आदित्यों में से एक जो वैशाख मास में उदय होते हैं और जिनकी किरणों की संख्या ३०० मानी जाती है।''</ref><ref name=":0" /> Aryaman also is the deity of the customs of hospitality.<ref name=":0" />
 
Aryaman is sometimes said to be the presiding deity of the [[Uttara Phalgunī]] Nakshatra based on Rg Veda. However, based on other texts, such as the nakshatra-focused ''Taittiriya Brahmanam'', Aryaman presides over [[Purva Phalgunī]].


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Airyaman]]
*[[Airyaman]]
*[[Amshuman (deity)]]
*[[Amshuman (deity)]]
*[[Ayyappa]]
*[[List of solar deities]]
*[[List of solar deities]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}{{Rigveda}}{{HinduMythology}}
 
{{HinduMythology}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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{{Hindu-myth-stub}}
{{Hindu-deity-stub}}

Latest revision as of 14:24, 10 March 2026


Not to be confused with Airyaman or Ahriman.

Aryaman
God of Customs; Protector of Mares, Stallions and Milky Way, Wealth
Member of Adityas
AffiliationAdityas, Deva
PlanetSun
TextsVedas, Upanishads
Personal information
Parents
ConsortMātṛkā (according to Bhagavata Purana)[1]
ChildrenGarṣaṇi (according to Bhagavata Purana)[1]

Aryaman (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) is one of the early Rigvedic deities.[2] His name signifies "Life-Partner", "Close Friend", "Sun", "Play-Fellow" or "Companion".[3] He is the third son of Kashyapa and Aditi, the father and mother of the adityas, and is depicted as the mid-morning sun disc. He is the deity of the customs that rule the various Vedic tribes and people. His name is used widely across India for its deep roots in Hindu culture and rituals. [4]

In the Rigveda, Aryaman is described as the protector of mares and stallions, and the Milky Way (aryamṇáḥ pánthāḥ) is said to be his path.[3] Aryaman is commonly invoked together with Mitra-Varuna, Bhaga, Bṛhaspati, and other adityas and asuras.[3]

According to Griffith, the Rigveda also suggests that Aryaman is a supreme deity alongside Mitra and Varuna.[5] According to the Rigveda, Indra, who is traditionally considered the most important deity in the Rigveda, is asked to obtain boons and gifts from Aryaman.[6] Hindu marriage oaths are administered with an invocation to Aryaman being the witness to the event.[7][8][4] Aryaman also is the deity of the customs of hospitality.[4]

Aryaman is sometimes said to be the presiding deity of the Uttara Phalgunī Nakshatra based on Rg Veda. However, based on other texts, such as the nakshatra-focused Taittiriya Brahmanam, Aryaman presides over Purva Phalgunī.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Progeny of Dakṣa's Daughters [Chapter 6]". 19 August 2022.
  2. ↑ Keith, Arthur Berriedale (1989). The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads. Motilal Banarsidass Published. pp. 99–. ISBN 978-81-208-0645-0.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Monier-Williams Sanskrit Dictionary
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Stephanie Jamison (2015). The Rigveda –– Earliest Religious Poetry of India. Oxford University Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-0190633394.
  5. ↑ (The Hymns of the Rig Veda)
  6. ↑ Veda Book 4 Hymn 30)[permanent dead link]
  7. ↑ वैदिक विवाह और विवाहित जीवन (Vedic weddings and married life), रामशरण वशिष्ठ, ... १४-२-१३--मेरी इस शुभ नारी को धाता प्रजा दे । इसे अर्यमन, मग, अश्विन, प्रजापति, सब प्रजा वाली करें। इसकी संतान बढ़े। ...
  8. ↑ हिन्दी कथा-कोष: प्राचीन हिन्दी साहित्य में व्यवहारता नामों तथा पौराणिक अंतरकथाओं का संदर्भ ग्रन्थ (Hindi Myth Treasury), धीरेन्द्र वर्मा, हिन्दुस्तानी एकेडमी, 1974, ... अर्यमन - १. एक वैदिक देवता जो विश्वदेवों में से एक हैं। २. कश्यप तथा अदिति के पुत्र पितृगण में प्रमुख हैं। ३. द्वादह आदित्यों में से एक जो वैशाख मास में उदय होते हैं और जिनकी किरणों की संख्या ३०० मानी जाती है।


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