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| image_skyline = The Gandak River from Indian side.jpg | | image_skyline = The Gandak River from Indian side.jpg | ||
| image_caption = [[Gandaki River]] near [[Valmikinagar]] | | image_caption = [[Gandaki River]] near [[Valmikinagar]] | ||
| image_seal = | | image_seal = Bihar Government Banner.png | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''West Champaran''' is an administrative [[district]] in the [[Indian state|state]] of [[Bihar]] in [[India]], located just {{Convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Birgunj]]. It is the largest district in bihar with an area of 5,228 km²(2,019sq mi). It is a part of [[Tirhut Division]].<ref>http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316011819/http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/ |date=2015-03-16 }}</ref> The district headquarters are located in [[Bettiah]]. The district is known for its | '''West Champaran''' is an administrative [[district]] in the [[Indian state|state]] of [[Bihar]] in [[India]], located just {{Convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Birgunj]]. It is the largest district in bihar with an area of 5,228 km²(2,019sq mi). It is a part of [[Tirhut Division]].<ref>http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316011819/http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/ |date=2015-03-16 }}</ref> The district headquarters are located in [[Bettiah]]. The district is known for its open border with [[Nepal]]. | ||
One of the major location in West Champaran is Kumar Bagh for [[Steel Authority of India|SAIL]] Special Processing Unit and [[Bhitiharwa Ashram railway station|Bhitiharwa]] where [[Mahatma Gandhi]] started [[Satyagraha|Satyagrah]] Aandolan. | One of the major location in West Champaran is Kumar Bagh for [[Steel Authority of India|SAIL]] Special Processing Unit and [[Bhitiharwa Ashram railway station|Bhitiharwa]] where [[Mahatma Gandhi]] started [[Satyagraha|Satyagrah]] Aandolan. | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
West Champaran district occupies an area of {{convert|5228|km2|sqmi}},<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1118–1119 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Canada]]'s [[Amund Ringnes Island]].<ref name="Islands">{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 1998-02-18 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Amund Ringnes Island 5,255km2 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://archive. | West Champaran district occupies an area of {{convert|5228|km2|sqmi}},<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1118–1119 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Canada]]'s [[Amund Ringnes Island]].<ref name="Islands">{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 1998-02-18 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Amund Ringnes Island 5,255km2 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://archive.today/20151201081219/http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | archive-date = 2015-12-01 }}</ref> | ||
===Flora and fauna=== | ===Flora and fauna=== | ||
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West Champaran district comprises the following Sub-Divisions: [[Bettiah]], [[Bagaha]], and [[Narkatiaganj]]. | West Champaran district comprises the following Sub-Divisions: [[Bettiah]], [[Bagaha]], and [[Narkatiaganj]]. | ||
Blocks: Bettiah, Sikta, Mainatand, Chanpattia, Bairia, Lauria, Bagaha - 1, Bagaha - 2, Madhubani, Gaunaha, Narkatiaganj, Manjhaulia, Nautan, [[Jogapatti]], Ramnagar, Thakraha, Bhitaha, Piprasi | Blocks: Bettiah, Sikta, Mainatand, Chanpattia, Bairia, Lauria, Bagaha - 1, Bagaha - 2, Madhubani, Gaunaha, Narkatiaganj, Manjhaulia, [[Nautan (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nautan]], [[Jogapatti]], Ramnagar, Thakraha, Bhitaha, Piprasi | ||
The district is well connected by roads and railways to all major cities. | The district is well connected by roads and railways to all major cities. | ||
==Politics== | |||
[[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]] in the district are [[Paschim Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Paschim Champaran]], [[Valmiki Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Valmiki Nagar]]. | |||
[[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]] in the district are [[Valmiki Nagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Valmiki Nagar]], [[Ramnagar, Paschim Champaran (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ramnagar]], [[Narkatiaganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Narkatiaganj]], [[Bagaha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bagaha]], [[Lauriya (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lauriya]], [[Nautan (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nautan]], [[Chanpatia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chanpatia]], [[Bettiah (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bettiah]], [[Sikta (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sikta]] | |||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
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<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> | <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> | ||
* [[Manoj Bajpayee]], Film actor. | * [[Manoj Bajpayee]], Film actor. | ||
* [[Vinay Bihari]], Actor, Lyricist. | * [[Vinay Bihari]], Actor, Lyricist. | ||
* [[Mahatma Gandhi]], Freedom fighter who started the [[Champaran Satyagraha]] [[Satyagraha|movement]] here. | * [[Mahatma Gandhi]], Freedom fighter who started the [[Champaran Satyagraha]] [[Satyagraha|movement]] here. | ||
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* [[Prakash Jha]], Film director. | * [[Prakash Jha]], Film director. | ||
* [[Manish Jha]], Film director and theatre actor. | * [[Manish Jha]], Film director and theatre actor. | ||
* [[Baidyanath Prasad Mahto]], Politician, Member of Parliament. | * [[Baidyanath Prasad Mahto]], | ||
Politician, Member of Parliament. | |||
* [[Krishna Kumar Mishra]], Politician. | * [[Krishna Kumar Mishra]], Politician. | ||
* [[Vikas Mishra (economist)]] | * [[Vikas Mishra (economist)]] | ||
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* [[Damodar Raao]], Film Music Director, Actor & Singer | * [[Damodar Raao]], Film Music Director, Actor & Singer | ||
* [[Valmiki|Valmiki Rishi]], an ascetic who wrote Hindu epic [[Ramayana]] here. | * [[Valmiki|Valmiki Rishi]], an ascetic who wrote Hindu epic [[Ramayana]] here. | ||
[Sunil Kumar], Member of Parliament | |||
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> | <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> | ||
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> | <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{EB1911 poster|Champaran}} | |||
* [https://westchamparan.nic.in/ West Champaran Official website] | * [https://westchamparan.nic.in/ West Champaran Official website] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:33, 10 June 2022
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2010) |
West Champaran district | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Error creating thumbnail: File missing Location of West Champaran district in Bihar | |
| Coordinates (Bettiah): 26°48′N 84°30′E / 26.800°N 84.500°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Bihar |
| Division | Tirhut |
| Headquarters | Bettiah |
| Tehsils | 18 |
| Government | |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Paschim Champaran, Valmiki Nagar |
| • Vidhan Sabha constituencies | Valmiki Nagar, Ramnagar, Narkatiaganj, Bagaha, Lauriya, Nautan, Chanpatia, Bettiah, Sikta |
| Area | |
| • Total | 5,228 km2 (2,019 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 1 (in bihar) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 3,935,042 |
| • Density | 750/km2 (1,900/sq mi) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 58.06 per cent |
| • Sex ratio | 906 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Major highways | NH 28B |
| Website | http://westchamparan.bih.nic.in/ |
West Champaran is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India, located just 60 km (37 mi) west of Birgunj. It is the largest district in bihar with an area of 5,228 km²(2,019sq mi). It is a part of Tirhut Division.[1] The district headquarters are located in Bettiah. The district is known for its open border with Nepal. One of the major location in West Champaran is Kumar Bagh for SAIL Special Processing Unit and Bhitiharwa where Mahatma Gandhi started Satyagrah Aandolan.
Geography[edit | edit source]
West Champaran district occupies an area of 5,228 square kilometres (2,019 sq mi),[2] comparatively equivalent to Canada's Amund Ringnes Island.[3]
Flora and fauna[edit | edit source]
In 1989 West Champaran district became home to Valmiki National Park, which has an area of 336 km2 (129.7 sq mi). It is also home to two wildlife sanctuaries: Valmiki (adjacent to its namesake national park) and Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary.[4] Fauna include the Bengal tiger.[5][6]
Sub-Divisions[edit | edit source]
West Champaran district comprises the following Sub-Divisions: Bettiah, Bagaha, and Narkatiaganj.
Blocks: Bettiah, Sikta, Mainatand, Chanpattia, Bairia, Lauria, Bagaha - 1, Bagaha - 2, Madhubani, Gaunaha, Narkatiaganj, Manjhaulia, Nautan, Jogapatti, Ramnagar, Thakraha, Bhitaha, Piprasi
The district is well connected by roads and railways to all major cities.
Politics[edit | edit source]
Lok Sabha constituencies in the district are Paschim Champaran, Valmiki Nagar.
Vidhan Sabha constituencies in the district are Valmiki Nagar, Ramnagar, Narkatiaganj, Bagaha, Lauriya, Nautan, Chanpatia, Bettiah, Sikta
Demographics[edit | edit source]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 762,628 | — |
| 1911 | 812,855 | +0.64% |
| 1921 | 826,679 | +0.17% |
| 1931 | 913,931 | +1.01% |
| 1941 | 1,021,217 | +1.12% |
| 1951 | 1,071,382 | +0.48% |
| 1961 | 1,325,122 | +2.15% |
| 1971 | 1,587,019 | +1.82% |
| 1981 | 1,972,610 | +2.20% |
| 1991 | 2,333,666 | +1.70% |
| 2001 | 3,043,466 | +2.69% |
| 2011 | 3,935,042 | +2.60% |
| source:[7] | ||
According to the 2011 census West Champaran district has a population of 3,935,042,[9] roughly equal to the nation of Liberia[10] or the US state of Oregon.[11] This gives it a ranking of 63rd in India (out of a total of 640).[9] The district has a population density of 950 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,500/sq mi) .[9] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.89%.[9] Pashchim Champaran has a sex ratio of 906 females for every 1000 males,[9] and a literacy rate of 58.06%. Scheduled Castes and Tribes made up 14.1% and 6.4% of the population respectively.[9]
Languages[edit | edit source]
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 91.86% of the population in the district spoke Bhojpuri, 3.32% Hindi and 2.97% Urdu as their first language.[13]
Languages include Bhojpuri, a tongue in the Bihari language group with almost 51,000,000 speakers, written in both the Devanagari and Kaithi scripts.[14]
Culture[edit | edit source]
The city is the birthplace of poet Gopal Singh Nepali. Mahatma Gandhi started the Champaran Satyagraha movement from here in 1917 along with nationalists Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha and Brajkishore Prasad.
Notable people[edit | edit source]
- Manoj Bajpayee, Film actor.
- Vinay Bihari, Actor, Lyricist.
- Mahatma Gandhi, Freedom fighter who started the Champaran Satyagraha movement here.
- Sanjay Jaiswal, Politician
- Prakash Jha, Film director.
- Manish Jha, Film director and theatre actor.
- Baidyanath Prasad Mahto,
Politician, Member of Parliament.
- Krishna Kumar Mishra, Politician.
- Vikas Mishra (economist)
- Gopal Singh Nepali, Hindi poet.
- Gauri Shankar Pandey, Politician.
- Kedar Pandey, Former Chief Minister of Bihar
- Raghaw Sharan Pandey, IAS (Retd), Former Union Petroleum Secretary, Politician
- Damodar Raao, Film Music Director, Actor & Singer
- Valmiki Rishi, an ascetic who wrote Hindu epic Ramayana here.
[Sunil Kumar], Member of Parliament
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in Archived 2015-03-16 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
{{cite book}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - ↑ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
Amund Ringnes Island 5,255km2
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Bihar". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
- ↑ Jhala, Y. V.; Gopal, R.; Qureshi, Q., eds. (2008), Status of the Tigers, Co-predators, and Prey in India (PDF), TR 08/001, National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi; Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2013
- ↑ Jhala, Y. V., Qureshi, Q., Sinha, P. R. (Eds.) (2011). Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India, 2010. National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. TR 2011/003 pp-302
- ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
- ↑ "Pashchim Champaran Religion-wise Data 2011". Census 2011. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
Liberia 3,786,764 July 2011 est.
- ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
Oregon 3,831,074
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
- ↑ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhojpuri: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Archived from the original on 2011-10-06. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
External links[edit | edit source]
Places adjacent to West Champaran district | |
|---|---|
Template:Districts of Bihar Template:Minority Concentrated Districts in India Template:Tirhut Division