>JohnmgKing Adding short description: "Biodiversity of Assam, a state in North-East India" (Shortdesc helper) |
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[[File:Betel nuts (from top).jpg|thumb|upright|right|Areca nut tree or tamul goss]] | [[File:Betel nuts (from top).jpg|thumb|upright|right|Areca nut tree or tamul goss]] | ||
The '''biodiversity of Assam''', a [[Assam|state]] in [[North-East India]], makes it a biological hotspot with many rare and endemic plant and animal species. | The '''biodiversity of Assam''' ({{Lang-as|অসমৰ জৈৱবৈচিত্ৰ}}), a [[Assam|state]] in [[North-East India]], makes it a biological hotspot with many rare and [[Endemism|endemic]] plant and animal species. The greatest success in recent years has been the conservation of the [[Indian rhinoceros]] at the [[Kaziranga National Park]], but a rapid increase in human population in [[Assam]] threatens many plants and animals and their natural habitats. | ||
The rhinoceros, tiger, deer or [[chital]] / ''futukihorina'' (''Axis axis''), [[swamp deer]] or ''dolhorina'' (''Cervus duvauceli duvauceli''), [[clouded leopard]] (''Neofelis nebulosa''), [[hoolock gibbon]], [[pygmy hog]] or ''nol-gahori'' (''Porcula salvania''), [[hispid hare]], [[golden langur]] (''Trachypithecus geei''), [[Asian golden cat|golden cat]], [[giant civet]], [[binturong]], [[hog badger]], [[porcupine]], and [[civet]] are found in Assam. Moreover, there are abundant numbers of [[South Asian river dolphin|Gangetic dolphin]]s, [[mongoose]]s, [[giant squirrel]]s and [[Pythonidae|pythons]]. The largest population of wild water buffalo anywhere is in Assam.<ref>Choudhury, A.U. (2010)The vanishing herds : the wild water buffalo. Gibbon Books, Rhino Foundation, CEPF & COA, Taiwan, Guwahati, India</ref> | The rhinoceros, tiger, deer or [[chital]] / ''futukihorina'' (''Axis axis''), [[swamp deer]] or ''dolhorina'' (''Cervus duvauceli duvauceli''), [[clouded leopard]] (''Neofelis nebulosa''), [[hoolock gibbon]], [[pygmy hog]] or ''nol-gahori'' (''Porcula salvania''), [[hispid hare]], [[golden langur]] (''Trachypithecus geei''), [[Asian golden cat|golden cat]], [[giant civet]], [[binturong]], [[hog badger]], [[porcupine]], and [[civet]] are found in Assam. Moreover, there are abundant numbers of [[South Asian river dolphin|Gangetic dolphin]]s, [[mongoose]]s, [[giant squirrel]]s and [[Pythonidae|pythons]]. The largest population of wild water buffalo anywhere is in Assam.<ref>Choudhury, A.U. (2010)The vanishing herds : the wild water buffalo. Gibbon Books, Rhino Foundation, CEPF & COA, Taiwan, Guwahati, India.</ref> | ||
The major birds in Assam include the [[blue-throated barbet]] or ''hetuluka'' (''Megalaima asiatica''), [[white-winged wood duck]] or ''deuhnah'' (''Asarcornis scultulata''), | The major birds in Assam include the [[blue-throated barbet]] or ''hetuluka'' (''Megalaima asiatica''), [[white-winged wood duck]] or ''deuhnah'' (''Asarcornis scultulata''), [[Pallas's fish eagle]] or ''kuruwa'' (''Haliaeetus leucoryphus''), great pied hornbill or ''rajdhonesh'' (''Buceros bicornis homrai''), Himalayan golden-backed three-toed wood-pecker or ''barhoituka'' (''Dinopium shorii shorii''), and migratory pelican. | ||
Assam is also known for [[Orchidaceae|orchids]] and for valuable plant species and forest products. | Assam is also known for [[Orchidaceae|orchids]] and for valuable plant species and forest products. | ||
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* [[Dibru-Saikhowa National Park]] (490 km<sup>2</sup>) | * [[Dibru-Saikhowa National Park]] (490 km<sup>2</sup>) | ||
; | ;Wildlife sanctuaries<ref name="wildlife-sanctuary">{{Cite web |date=2022-03-30 |title=Wildlife Sanctuary |url=https://forest.assam.gov.in/portlets/wildlife-sanctuary |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=Environment & Forest, Govt. of Assam}}</ref> | ||
# [[Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Bura Chapori Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Pani Dihing Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Hollongapar Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Bherjan-Borajan-Padumoni Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[East Karbi-Anglong Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Nambor Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Nambor - Doigrung Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Dehing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# [[Borail Wildlife Sanctuary]] | |||
# Deepar Beel Wildlife Sanctuary | |||
# Bordoibam Bilmukh Bird Wildlife Sanctuary (Proposed) | |||
# North K. Anglong Wildlife Sanctuary (Proposed) | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
* {{WWF ecoregion|name=Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests|id=im0105}} | * {{WWF ecoregion|name=Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests|id=im0105}} | ||
{{Assam}} | {{Assam}}{{Biodiversity Worldwide}} | ||
{{Biodiversity Worldwide}} | |||
[[Category:Biodiversity|Assam]] | [[Category:Biodiversity|Assam]] | ||
[[Category:Biota of Assam]] | [[Category:Biota of Assam]] | ||
[[Category:Tourism in Assam]] | [[Category:Tourism in Assam]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:39, 11 November 2022
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The biodiversity of Assam (Assamese: অসমৰ জৈৱবৈচিত্ৰ), a state in North-East India, makes it a biological hotspot with many rare and endemic plant and animal species. The greatest success in recent years has been the conservation of the Indian rhinoceros at the Kaziranga National Park, but a rapid increase in human population in Assam threatens many plants and animals and their natural habitats.
The rhinoceros, tiger, deer or chital / futukihorina (Axis axis), swamp deer or dolhorina (Cervus duvauceli duvauceli), clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), hoolock gibbon, pygmy hog or nol-gahori (Porcula salvania), hispid hare, golden langur (Trachypithecus geei), golden cat, giant civet, binturong, hog badger, porcupine, and civet are found in Assam. Moreover, there are abundant numbers of Gangetic dolphins, mongooses, giant squirrels and pythons. The largest population of wild water buffalo anywhere is in Assam.[1]
The major birds in Assam include the blue-throated barbet or hetuluka (Megalaima asiatica), white-winged wood duck or deuhnah (Asarcornis scultulata), Pallas's fish eagle or kuruwa (Haliaeetus leucoryphus), great pied hornbill or rajdhonesh (Buceros bicornis homrai), Himalayan golden-backed three-toed wood-pecker or barhoituka (Dinopium shorii shorii), and migratory pelican.
Assam is also known for orchids and for valuable plant species and forest products.
Protected areas in Assam[edit | edit source]
There are several protections in Assam, including several national parks, in particular in the Brahmaputra Valley.
- National parks
- Manas National Park (560 km2)
- Kaziranga National Park (320 km2)
- Orang National Park (110 km2)
- Nameri National Park (90 km2)
- Dibru-Saikhowa National Park (490 km2)
- Wildlife sanctuaries[2]
- Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary
- Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary
- Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary
- Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary
- Bura Chapori Wildlife Sanctuary
- Pani Dihing Wildlife Sanctuary
- Hollongapar Wildlife Sanctuary
- Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
- Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary
- Bherjan-Borajan-Padumoni Wildlife Sanctuary
- East Karbi-Anglong Wildlife Sanctuary
- Nambor Wildlife Sanctuary
- Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary
- Nambor - Doigrung Wildlife Sanctuary
- Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary
- Dehing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary
- Borail Wildlife Sanctuary
- Deepar Beel Wildlife Sanctuary
- Bordoibam Bilmukh Bird Wildlife Sanctuary (Proposed)
- North K. Anglong Wildlife Sanctuary (Proposed)
See also[edit | edit source]
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Choudhury, A.U. (2010)The vanishing herds : the wild water buffalo. Gibbon Books, Rhino Foundation, CEPF & COA, Taiwan, Guwahati, India.
- ↑ "Wildlife Sanctuary". Environment & Forest, Govt. of Assam. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
References[edit | edit source]
- Biodiversity of Assam: Status Strategy & Action Plan for Conservation, eds A K Bhagabati, M C Kalita, S Baruah, Eastern Book House, New Delhi (2006)
External links[edit | edit source]
- "Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
