Udupi: Difference between revisions

| subdivision_name                = [[India]]

'''Udupi''', otherwise spelt ''Udipi'' and also known as '''Odipu''', is a [[city]] in the Indian state of [[Karnataka]]. Udupi is situated about {{cvt|55|km}} north of the educational, commercial & industrial hub [[Mangalore]] and about {{cvt|422|km}} west of state capital [[Bangalore]] by road.

It is the administrative headquarters of [[Udupi District]], and one of the fastest growing cities in Karnataka. Udupi is one of the top tourist attractions in Karnataka and has various educational institutions. It is notable for the [[Udupi Sri Krishna Matha|Krishna Temple]] and is also known as the temple city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Karnataka / Udupi News : Temple town gearing up for the grand Paryaya|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2005/12/31/stories/2005123112270500.htm|website=[[The Hindu]]|date=2005-12-31|access-date=2016-12-05}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> It also lends its name to the popular [[Udupi cuisine]], is also known as Lord Parashurama Kshetra, and is famous for [[Kanakana kindi]]. A centre of pilgrimage, Udupi is known as Rajata Peetha and Shivalli (Shivabelle).

The name ''Udupi'' is the stylized form of the city

== History ==

In the 13th century, [[Vaishnavism|Vaishnavite]] saint [[Madhvacharya]] founded the [[Udupi Sri Krishna Matha|Sri Krishna Temple]].<ref name="Tumbe" /> He set up eight ''[[matha]]s'' - [[Ashta Mathas of Udupi|Ashta Mathas]]- In [[Kannada]] - ಅಷ್ಟ ಮಠಗಳು in Udupi to propagate the [[Dvaita Vedanta]] philosophy, and this caused a vibrant temple culture to take root in present-day [[Udupi district]].<ref name="Tumbe" /> Significant migration of [[Brahmin]]s to the region took place subsequently, and they came to comprise 10 per cent of the region's population, three times higher than elsewhere in [[South India]].<ref name="Tumbe">Chinmay Tumbe, ''India Moving: A History of Migration'' (2019), p.42</ref>

|thumb=left

|caption='''Religions in Udupi city'''<br /><small>'''source:''' Census 2011 </small>

|value1 = 85.72

|label1 = Hindus

|color1 =orange

|value2 = 8.22

|label2 = Muslims

|value3 = 5.59

|label3 = Christians

|label4 = Jains

|value5 = 0.04

|label5 = Not stated

|value6 = 0.02

|label6 = Sikh

|value7 = 0.01

|label7 = Buddhist

|value8 = 0.01

|label8 = Other

|color8 = grey

The most spoken language in Udupi town is [[Kundagannada dialect|Kundagannada]], are also spoken. A dialect of [[Kannada]] ([[Kundagannada dialect|Kundagannada]]) is the most spoken language in northern [[Udupi district]].

Udupi city falls under the Udupi Chikmagalur [[Lok Sabha]] [[constituency]] and the [[Udupi (Vidhana Sabha constituency)|Udupi Chikmagalur State assembly constituency]] and is represented by the Member of Parliament [[Shobha Karandlaje]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Members : Lok Sabha|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/StateDetail.aspx?state_code=Karnataka|access-date=2020-09-05|website=loksabhaph.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Udupi City Municipal Council|url=http://www.udupicity.mrc.gov.in/en/node/55}}</ref> and Member of Legislative Assembly, [[K. Raghupati Bhat|K Raghupathi Bhat]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Udupi: Waste management unit - Residents oppose, MLA negotiates|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=671002|access-date=2020-09-07|website=www.daijiworld.com}}</ref>

The city of Udupi is governed by the City Municipal Council and has 31 wards<ref>{{Cite web|title=Udupi City Municipal Council|url=http://www.udupicity.mrc.gov.in/en/node/59}}</ref> spread across an area of {{cvt|75.92|km2}}.<ref name=":0" /> It is headed by Anand C Kallolikar, the [[Municipal commissioner|Municipal Commissioner]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Udupi Municipal Council City Staff|url=http://www.udupicity.mrc.gov.in/en/city-staff}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-10|title=Udupi divided into 3 zones for daily water supply|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/mangaluru/udupi-divided-into-3-zones-for-daily-water-supply-812202.html|access-date=2020-09-05|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref> The city council has departments for health, urban planning, technical division, revenue, finance, birth and death, and Day-NULM.<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 October 2020|title=Udupi City Council|url=http://www.udupicity.mrc.gov.in/}}</ref>

The city receives its primary source of drinking water from water stored at Baje vented dam.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last1=Apr 9|first1=Jaideep Shenoy / TNN /|last2=2020|last3=Ist|first3=19:19|title=Karnataka: Udupi CMC authorities augment water storage at Baje dam {{!}} Mangaluru News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/karnataka-udupi-cmc-authorities-augment-water-storage-at-baje-dam/articleshow/75068827.cms|access-date=2020-09-07|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> The municipality also seeks to augment its water storage by pumping water accumulated in the Swarna River at Sanebettu.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=CMC pumping water from Baje dam for Udupi|url=https://www.mangaloretoday.com/main/CMC-pumping-water-from-Baje-dam-for-Udupi.html|access-date=2020-09-07|website=www.mangaloretoday.com}}</ref> The city is divided into three zones with different timings for efficient water supply.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-10|title=Udupi divided into 3 zones for daily water supply|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/mangaluru/udupi-divided-into-3-zones-for-daily-water-supply-812202.html|access-date=2020-09-07|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref> It also received a loan of $75 million from the Asian Development Bank to have all round the clock water supply in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Tripathy|first=Antara|title=Karnataka's four coastal towns of Kundapura, Mangalore Puttur and Udupi and improve sanitation infrastructure for Mangalore town with GOI & ADB $75 Million LoanIBG News {{!}} IBG News|url=http://ibgnews.com/2018/11/28/karnatakas-four-coastal-towns-of-kundapura-mangalore-puttur-and-udupi-and-improve-sanitation-infrastructure-for-mangalore-town-with-goi-adb-75-million-loan/|access-date=2020-09-07|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=IANS|date=2018-11-27|title=ADB to lend $75 million for 24-hour water supply in four Karnataka towns|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/adb-to-lend-75-million-for-24-hour-water-supply-in-four-karnataka-towns-118112700918_1.html|access-date=2020-09-07}}</ref>

Udupi has an elevation of {{convert|27|m|abbr=on}} above mean sea level.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://elevationmap.net/aj-alse-rd-brahmagiri-udupi-karnataka-576101-india?latlngs=(13.338555384458855,74.74767208099365)|title=Elevation of Udupi town, Karnataka|access-date=15 December 2017}}</ref> The climate in Udupi is hot in summers and pleasant in winter. During summers (from March to May) the temperature reaches up to {{cvt|38|°C}} and in winters (from December to February) it is usually between {{cvt|32 and 20|°C}}. As it is a coastal area, there are a few beaches which are a tourist attraction. Kaup beach, Malpe beach are two of the beaches in Udupi.

[[Bhuta Kola]], [[Aati kalenja]], Karangolu, and [[Nagaradhane]] are some cultural traditions of Udupi. The residents celebrate festivals such as [[Makara Sankranti]], [[Naga Panchami|Nagara Panchami]], [[Krishna Janmashtami]], [[Navaratri]], [[Deepavali]], [[Eid al-Adha]], [[Eid al-Fitr]] and [[Christmas]]. Folk arts like [[Yakshagana]] are also popular.

 

Rathabeedhi Geleyaru and Kalavrinda are local non-profit organisations, founded to encourage creative pursuits, especially those that keep alive the traditions of the region. Its primary focus has been historical dramas.

The term ''Udupi'' (also ''Udipi'') is synonymous with vegetarian food now found all over the world.{{citation needed|reason=Proof to such a claim|date=October 2014}} The origin of this cuisine is linked to Krishna Matha (Mutt). Lord Krishna is offered food of different varieties every day, and there are certain restrictions on ingredients during Chaturmasa (a four-month period during the monsoon season). These restrictions coupled with the requirement of variety led to innovation, especially in dishes incorporating seasonal and locally available materials.<ref>http://www.newskarnataka.com/udupi/jackfruit-mela-2015-brings-jackfruit-lovers-together</ref> This cuisine was developed by [[Shivalli]] Madhwa Brahmins who cooked food for Lord Krishna, and at Krishna Matha in Udupi, the food is provided free of cost. Restaurants specialised in Udupi cuisine can be seen widely in most metropolitan and large cities around the length and breadth of India.

[[Tebma Shipyard Limited|TEBMA Shipyards]] Ltd is located in Malpe harbour complex. It is involved in building multipurpose platform supply vessels (MPSVs), platform supply vessel, geotechnical research vessel, dredgers and tugs for Indian as well as export markets.<ref>[http://www.tebma.com/]</ref>

Udupi has a local [[handloom]] [[sari]] industry. Made of pure cotton and lightweight, the sari has art silk design on its border and pallu besides [[Paisley (design)|butta]] of art silk dotting it. Hard work, low returns, and competition from [[power loom]] has led to a drop in the number of weavers of nearly 95% over three decades.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/its-udupis-finest-but-whos-to-weave-them/article7124481.ece| title=It's Udupi's finest, but who's to weave them?, The Hindu| access-date=1 April 2015}}</ref> A [[geographical indication]] tag for Udupi sarees is under examination with the Geographical Indications Registry of India.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://ipindia.nic.in/girindia/GI_Status/pendency_GI_01April2015.pdf| title=Status of GI Application Pending before the GI Registry as on March 31, 2015, pg 1| access-date=1 April 2015}}</ref>

[[Udupi railway station]] is managed by Konkan Railways. It is in Indrali<ref>{{Cite web|title=Railway station {{!}} Udupi District {{!}} India|url=https://udupi.nic.in/public-utility-category/railway-station/|access-date=2020-07-17|language=en-US}}</ref> about 4&nbsp;km from Udupi city and is on the [[Kanyakumari]]-[[Mumbai]] rail route. Direct trains are available to [[Bengaluru]], [[Mumbai]], [[New Delhi]], [[Amritsar]], [[Chandigarh]], [[Pune]], [[Ajmer]], [[Jaipur]], [[Rajkot]], [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Okha, Gujarat|Okha]]. Cities like [[Mysore]], [[Belgaum]], [[Jodhpur]], [[Agra]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Ernakulam]], [[Kollam]](Quilon), etc., are also connected to Udupi.