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->Woodlot (remove redundant text added on December 8, 2020, Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Tosham already listed) |
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{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}} | {{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}} | ||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name | | name = Tosham | ||
| other_name | | other_name = Tusham | ||
| nickname | | nickname = | ||
| settlement_type | | settlement_type = Town | ||
| image_skyline | | image_skyline = Tosham Hill 3.jpg | ||
| image_alt | | image_alt = Tosham Hill | ||
| image_caption | | image_caption = Tosham Hill | ||
| pushpin_map | | pushpin_map = India Haryana#India3 | ||
| pushpin_label_position | | pushpin_label_position = right | ||
| pushpin_map_alt | | pushpin_map_alt = | ||
| pushpin_relief | | pushpin_relief = yes | ||
| pushpin_map_caption | | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Haryana, India | ||
| coordinates | | coordinates = {{coord|28.88|N|75.92|E|display=inline,title}} | ||
| subdivision_type | | subdivision_type = Country | ||
| subdivision_name | | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | ||
| subdivision_type1 | | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | ||
| subdivision_name1 | | subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]] | ||
| subdivision_type2 | | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | ||
| subdivision_name2 | | subdivision_name2 = [[Bhiwani district|Bhiwani]] | ||
| established_title | | established_title = <!-- Established --> | ||
| established_date | | established_date = | ||
| founder | | founder = | ||
| named_for | | named_for = | ||
| government_type | | government_type = | ||
| governing_body | | governing_body = | ||
| unit_pref | | unit_pref = Metric | ||
| area_footnotes | | area_footnotes = | ||
| area_rank | | area_rank = | ||
| area_total_km2 | | area_total_km2 = | ||
| elevation_footnotes | | elevation_footnotes = | ||
| elevation_m | | elevation_m = 207 | ||
| population_total | | population_total = 15559 | ||
| population_as_of | | population_as_of = 2011 | ||
| population_rank | | population_rank = | ||
| population_density_km2 | | population_density_km2 = auto | ||
| population_demonym | | population_demonym = | ||
| population_footnotes | | population_footnotes = | ||
| demographics_type1 | | demographics_type1 = Languages | ||
| demographics1_title1 | | demographics1_title1 = Official | ||
| demographics1_info1 | | demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]] | ||
| timezone1 | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| utc_offset1 | | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| postal_code_type | | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | ||
| postal_code | | postal_code = 127040 | ||
| area_code_type | | area_code_type = Telephone code | ||
| area_code | | area_code = +91-1253-XXXXXX | ||
| registration_plate | | registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#HR—Haryana|HR]]-46 to HR-48 | ||
| website | | website = {{URL|haryana.gov.in}} | ||
| iso_code | | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-HR]] | ||
| footnotes | | footnotes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Tosham''' is a town and a [[Gram Panchayat]] on the foot of [[Tosham Hill range]] in [[Bhiwani district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Haryana]]. It has been awarded the title of "Adarsh Village". It is situated in the foothill of [[Tosham hill range]] of [[Aravalli Range|Aravali Mountain Range]]. The hill has several historic places, such as forts, carvings, paintings, temples, sacred ponds, dating as far back 1800 years. It is a [[rural area]]. | '''Tosham''' is a town and a [[Gram Panchayat]] on the foot of [[Tosham Hill range]] in [[Bhiwani district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Haryana]]. It has been awarded the title of "Adarsh Village". It is situated in the foothill of [[Tosham hill range]] of [[Aravalli Range|Aravali Mountain Range]]. The hill has several historic places, such as forts, carvings, paintings, temples, sacred ponds, dating as far back 1800 years. It is a [[rural area]]. | ||
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=== Early and medieval history === | === Early and medieval history === | ||
Tosham was under Gupta rule in the 4th Century as per the inscription. History of Tosham dates back to at least the 4th century, as evident by the [[Sanskrit]] language [[Tosham rock inscription]] at Tosham hill. Later it came under [[Tomara dynasty|Tomar]] during the rule of [[Anangpal Tomar]] and then [[Chauhan]] during the rule of [[Prithviraj Chauhan]] who built the Baradari | Tosham was under Gupta rule in the 4th Century as per the inscription. History of Tosham dates back to at least the 4th century, as evident by the [[Sanskrit]] language [[Tosham rock inscription]] at Tosham hill. Later it came under [[Tomara dynasty|Tomar]] during the rule of [[Anangpal Tomar]] and then [[Chauhan]] [[Rajput]] rulers during the rule of [[Prithviraj Chauhan]] who built the Baradari, before falling into the hands of [[Delhi Sultanate]]s, [[Mughal Empire]], [[Shekhawati]] and [[British Raj]]. Pre-Indus Valley Civilization mine, smelt and houses have been found at Khanak hills of Tosham Hill range<ref>{{cite web | url=https://bhiwani.gov.in/history/ | title=History | District Bhiwani,Haryana | India }}</ref> | ||
=== Post-independence === | === Post-independence === | ||
According to the data maintained by the Government of India's Department of Statistics, following were established at | According to the data maintained by the Government of India's Department of Statistics, following were established at Tosham:<ref name="B5">[http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/Directories_of_Establishment(Modified)/Rural_06.pdf Establishment details and start dated, page 30, 37, 38, 49, 51] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016193152/http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/Directories_of_Establishment%28Modified%29/Rural_06.pdf |date=16 October 2016 }}</ref> | ||
{{div col|colwidth=15em}} | {{div col|colwidth=15em}} | ||
* [[Public Health Engineering Department]] (1970) | * [[Public Health Engineering Department]] (1970) | ||
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== Demographics == | == Demographics == | ||
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns | {{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Tosham had a population of 11,271. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Tosham has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 72%, and female literacy is 54%. In Tosham, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. | ||
== Geography == | == Geography == | ||
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Tosham is located at {{Coord|28.88|N|75.92|E|}}. It has an average elevation of 207 metres (679 feet). | Tosham is located at {{Coord|28.88|N|75.92|E|}}. It has an average elevation of 207 metres (679 feet). | ||
There are | === Tosham tehsil=== | ||
There are total 108 villages in Tosham tehsil where the main villages are: | |||
{{div col|colwidth=12em}} | {{div col|colwidth=12em}} | ||
* | * Bahal | ||
* Baganwala | |||
* Dhani Mah | |||
* Dulheri | * Dulheri | ||
* Indiwali | |||
* Isharwal | |||
* Jhanwari | * Jhanwari | ||
* Khanak | |||
* Kharkari Makhwan | * Kharkari Makhwan | ||
* Laxmanpura | * Laxmanpura | ||
* Miran | * Miran | ||
* | * Nigana Kalan | ||
* Sagwan | * Sagwan | ||
{{col div end}} | {{col div end}} | ||
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==== Tosham rock inscription ==== | ==== Tosham rock inscription ==== | ||
{{Main|Tosham rock inscription}} | {{Main|Tosham rock inscription}} | ||
[[File:Tosham | [[File:Tosham rock.JPG|thumb|[[Tosham rock inscription]], dating from 4th to 5th century, is an [[epigraphy|epigraph]] documenting the establishment of a monastery and the building of water tanks at water cascade for followers of the [[Yadava#The Satvatas|Satvata]] (ancient [[Yadava]] kingdom)]] | ||
Two interesting antiquities are to be seen in the neighborhood of Tosham. A baradari and another Sanskrit inscription on a rock on the face of the hill to the west of the town.<ref name="Gazetteer" /> The '''Toshām rock inscription''' is an epigraphic record documenting the establishment of a monastery and the building of water tanks for followers of the Sātvata religion. Found in Tosham, Haryana (India), It is not dated but can be assigned to the early fifth century CE. The inscription records the lineage and building activities of a line of Sātvata religious preceptors (''ācārya'') dating to the 4th and 5th centuries CE. This is an important record for the history of the Vaiṣṇava faith. The kinship and clan position of the Sātvatas is described in the article on the [[Yadavas]]. It does not appear to have been as yet satisfactorily translated. It seems to refer to a Scythian king Tushara who appears to have conquered the Gupta Galotkacha who reigned from about A. D. 50 to A. D. 79 and is referred to in the inscription. There appears to be evidence to show that the Tosham hill was a monastery of Buddhist monks or Bhikshus. The date of the inscription is said to be A. D. 162–224.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite web|url=http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/hissar%201915.pdf|title=Loharu State|year=1915|work=Punjab State Gazetteers|access-date=10 January 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501205845/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/HISSAR%201915.pdf|archive-date=1 May 2014|df=dmy-all}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> | Two interesting antiquities are to be seen in the neighborhood of Tosham. A baradari and another Sanskrit inscription on a rock on the face of the hill to the west of the town.<ref name="Gazetteer" /> The '''Toshām rock inscription''' is an epigraphic record documenting the establishment of a monastery and the building of water tanks for followers of the Sātvata religion. Found in Tosham, Haryana (India), It is not dated but can be assigned to the early fifth century CE. The inscription records the lineage and building activities of a line of Sātvata religious preceptors (''ācārya'') dating to the 4th and 5th centuries CE. This is an important record for the history of the Vaiṣṇava faith. The kinship and clan position of the Sātvatas is described in the article on the [[Yadavas]]. It does not appear to have been as yet satisfactorily translated. It seems to refer to a Scythian king Tushara who appears to have conquered the Gupta Galotkacha who reigned from about A. D. 50 to A. D. 79 and is referred to in the inscription. There appears to be evidence to show that the Tosham hill was a monastery of Buddhist monks or Bhikshus. The date of the inscription is said to be A. D. 162–224.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite web|url=http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/hissar%201915.pdf|title=Loharu State|year=1915|work=Punjab State Gazetteers|access-date=10 January 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501205845/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/HISSAR%201915.pdf|archive-date=1 May 2014|df=dmy-all}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> | ||
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==== Vaman statue ==== | ==== Vaman statue ==== | ||
'''Tosham Vaman statue''', a 1,000 years old 60 kg carved red stone statue dating back to 8th to 10 century, of [[Vaman]] incarnation of Hindu deity [[Vishnu]] was found atop Tosham hill in January 2018 while policemen protecting the [[Haryana Police]] wireless repeater antennae system were clearing the rubble to clean the water tank there.<ref name="stat1">[https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/punjab-and-haryana/jind/8th-century-statue-of-vishnu-found/articleshow/62404819.cms 8वीं सदी की विष्णु की प्रतिमा मिली], Navbharat Times, 6 Jan 2018.</ref> | '''Tosham Vaman statue''', a 1,000 years old 60 kg carved red stone statue dating back to 8th to 10 century, of [[Vaman]] incarnation of Hindu deity [[Vishnu]] was found atop Tosham hill in January 2018 while policemen protecting the [[Haryana Police]] wireless repeater antennae system were clearing the rubble to clean the water tank there.<ref name="stat1">[https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/punjab-and-haryana/jind/8th-century-statue-of-vishnu-found/articleshow/62404819.cms 8वीं सदी की विष्णु की प्रतिमा मिली], Navbharat Times, 6 Jan 2018.</ref> | ||
<ref name="stat2">[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/1-000-yr-old-statue-of-hindu-god-found/524617.html 1,000-yr-old statue of Hindu god found], [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)]], 6 January 2018.</ref> In March 2018, this | <ref name="stat2">[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/1-000-yr-old-statue-of-hindu-god-found/524617.html 1,000-yr-old statue of Hindu god found], [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)]], 6 January 2018.</ref> In March 2018, this statue was relocated to the [[Jahaj Kothi Zonal Museum]] at [[Hisar city|Hisar]].<ref name="exist1" /> | ||
=== Prithvi Raj Ki Katchery === | === Prithvi Raj Ki Katchery === | ||
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==== Tosham lake ==== | ==== Tosham lake ==== | ||
'''Tosham lake''' is a wetland area inhabited by many birds and animals also have a landscaped park. It is located near Government Girls College and new bus stand. Before the establishment of to sham lake. There was a pond there and on its shore, there was a temple of hanuman that exists | '''Tosham lake''' is a wetland area inhabited by many birds and animals also have a landscaped park. It is located near Government Girls College and new bus stand. Before the establishment of to sham lake. There was a pond there and on its shore, there was a temple of hanuman that exists until now. | ||
Tosham | Tosham | ||