imported>Rdp060707 m Reverted edits by 2409:4071:D18:715F:E100:3491:A809:DB37 (talk) to last revision by 122.161.165.177: nonconstructive edits |
robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit) |
||
| (One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
| name = S. Nijalingappa | | name = S. Nijalingappa | ||
| image = Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa stamp (cropped).jpg | | image = Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa stamp (cropped).jpg | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| imagesize = | | imagesize = | ||
| office = 4th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Mysore State]] | | office = 4th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Mysore State]] | ||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
| successor1 = [[B. D. Jatti]] | | successor1 = [[B. D. Jatti]] | ||
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1902|12|10|df=y}} | | birth_date = {{Birth date|1902|12|10|df=y}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Halavagalu| | | birth_place = [[Halavagalu]], [[Ballari district|Bellary district]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br/>(now [[Halavagalu]], [[Vijayanagara District]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]) | ||
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2000|08|08|1902|12|10|df=y}} | | death_date = {{Death date and age|2000|08|08|1902|12|10|df=y}} | ||
| death_place = [[Chitradurga]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]] | | death_place = [[Chitradurga]], [[Chitradurga District]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]] | ||
| party = [[Indian National Congress]] | | party = [[Indian National Congress]] | ||
| spouse = | | spouse = | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
'''Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa''' (10 December 1902 – 8 August 2000) was an Indian independence activist, [[Indian National Congress|Congress Party]] politician, and lawyer who served two terms as the [[Government of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Karnataka]] (then [[Mysore State]]) first between 1956 and 1958, and once again from 1962 to 1968. He was the 4th Chief Minister of the state of Karnataka. | '''Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa''' (10 December 1902 – 8 August 2000) was an Indian independence activist, [[Indian National Congress|Congress Party]] politician, and lawyer who served two terms as the [[Government of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Karnataka]] (then [[Mysore State]]) first between 1956 and 1958, and once again from 1962 to 1968. He was the 4th Chief Minister of the state of Karnataka. | ||
He played an important role not only in the Indian | He played an important role not only in the [[Indian independence movement]] but also the [[Unification of Karnataka|Karnataka Unification]] movement. | ||
==Early life and education== | ==Early life and education== | ||
Nijalingappa was born on 10 December 1902 to a middle class family in Haluvagalu, a small village in [[Bellary district|Bellary]], [[Karnataka]]<ref name="bio">{{cite web|title=FACTIONS AND POLITICAL LEADERS|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/95026/13/13_chapter%204.pdf|page=193|access-date=11 March 2018}}</ref> (then in the [[Madras Presidency]] of [[British India]]). His father, a small businessman, died when Nijalingappa was five; his mother was a homemaker. The family were [[Lingayatism|Lingayat Hindus]]; Nijalingappa's mother was noted as a devout worshipper of [[Shiva]].<ref name="bio"/> Nijalingappa later recalled that his "father's ancestors were all rich profligates" and that they "dissipated their wealth on gambling, drinking and womanising." He added that his "mother's father helped [his] parents, but [his family] were still very poor." | Nijalingappa was born on 10 December 1902 to a middle-class family in Haluvagalu, a small village in [[Bellary district|Bellary]], [[Karnataka]]<ref name="bio">{{cite web|title=FACTIONS AND POLITICAL LEADERS|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/95026/13/13_chapter%204.pdf|page=193|access-date=11 March 2018}}</ref> (then in the [[Madras Presidency]] of [[British India]]). His father, a small businessman, died when Nijalingappa was five; his mother was a homemaker. The family were [[Lingayatism|Lingayat Hindus]]; Nijalingappa's mother was noted as a devout worshipper of [[Shiva]].<ref name="bio"/> Nijalingappa later recalled that his "father's ancestors were all rich profligates" and that they "dissipated their wealth on gambling, drinking and womanising." He added that his "mother's father helped [his] parents, but [his family] were still very poor." | ||
He grew up in [[Davanagere]] and, as a child, was given a traditional education by Veerappa Master, an elder teacher. He joined a formal, western primary school in Davanagere and then a secondary school in [[Chitradurga]] in 1919. He became interested in politics during this time after reading the political writings of [[Annie Besant]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Riti|first1=M. D.|title=A politician who rose above politics|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2000/aug/09nij.htm| | He grew up in [[Davanagere]] and, as a child, was given a traditional education by Veerappa Master, an elder teacher. He joined a formal, western primary school in Davanagere and then a secondary school in [[Chitradurga]] in 1919. He became interested in politics during this time after reading the political writings of [[Annie Besant]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Riti|first1=M. D.|title=A politician who rose above politics|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2000/aug/09nij.htm|work=Rediff.com|access-date=11 March 2018}}</ref> In 1924, he graduated in the Arts from the [[Central College of Bangalore|Central College]], [[Bengaluru]], and got his law degree from the [[ILS Law College|Law College]], [[Poona|Pune]] in 1926.<ref name="bio" /> | ||
Thus, like many other leaders of the [[Indian independence movement|Indian freedom movement]], he received a blend of both traditional Indian-style and Western-style education. He was influenced by the ideologies of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and [[Rajendra Prasad]], and began to take an active part in the freedom movement in his native Karnataka. | Thus, like many other leaders of the [[Indian independence movement|Indian freedom movement]], he received a blend of both traditional Indian-style and Western-style education. He was influenced by the ideologies of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and [[Rajendra Prasad]], and began to take an active part in the freedom movement in his native Karnataka. | ||
==Political career== | ==Political career== | ||
Nijalingappa attended the Congress sessions as a spectator. It was in 1936, when he came into contact with [[N. S. Hardikar]], that he began to take an active interest in the organization. He served it first as a volunteer, rising to be the | Nijalingappa attended the Congress sessions as a spectator. It was in 1936, when he came into contact with [[N. S. Hardikar]], that he began to take an active interest in the organization. He served it first as a volunteer, rising to be the president of the [[Pradesh Congress Committee]] and finally the president of the [[All India Congress Committee]] in 1968. | ||
He became president of the Mysore Congress and was also a member of the historic [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] from 1946 to 1950. In 1952, he was elected to the [[1st Lok Sabha|First Lok Sabha]] from the [[Chitradurga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Chitradurga constituency]] (now Chitradurga) then in [[Mysore state]]. | He became president of the Mysore Congress and was also a member of the historic [[Constituent Assembly of India|Constituent Assembly]] from 1946 to 1950. In 1952, he was elected to the [[1st Lok Sabha|First Lok Sabha]] from the [[Chitradurga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Chitradurga constituency]] (now Chitradurga) then in [[Mysore state]]. | ||
| Line 53: | Line 53: | ||
He is remembered fondly by the Tibetan community of India because as Chief Minister of Karnataka, he gave land to [[Tibetan diaspora#In India|Tibetan refugees]] for the purpose of resettlement. Karnataka today has the largest Tibetan settlements and the largest population in exile. [[Bylakuppe]], [[Mundgod]], [[Kollegal]] and Gurupura (near Bylakuppe) are the four Tibetan settlements in Karnataka.<ref name="stat3">{{cite web|date=January 31, 2011|title=His Holiness the Dalai Lama Remembers Former Chief Minister Nijalingappa|url=http://tibet.net/2011/01/31/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-remembers-former-chief-minister-nijalingappa/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130321124003/https://tibet.net/2011/01/31/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-remembers-former-chief-minister-nijalingappa/|archive-date=2013-03-21|publisher=Central Tibetan Administration}}</ref> | He is remembered fondly by the Tibetan community of India because as Chief Minister of Karnataka, he gave land to [[Tibetan diaspora#In India|Tibetan refugees]] for the purpose of resettlement. Karnataka today has the largest Tibetan settlements and the largest population in exile. [[Bylakuppe]], [[Mundgod]], [[Kollegal]] and Gurupura (near Bylakuppe) are the four Tibetan settlements in Karnataka.<ref name="stat3">{{cite web|date=January 31, 2011|title=His Holiness the Dalai Lama Remembers Former Chief Minister Nijalingappa|url=http://tibet.net/2011/01/31/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-remembers-former-chief-minister-nijalingappa/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130321124003/https://tibet.net/2011/01/31/his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-remembers-former-chief-minister-nijalingappa/|archive-date=2013-03-21|publisher=Central Tibetan Administration}}</ref> | ||
== | ==Posts held== | ||
{{ | {{unreferenced section|date=March 2022}} | ||
He was an advocate till 1940 when he was debarred on account of political activities. He was a member of the Indian National Congress for thirty years. He became | {{copyedit section|reason=Spelling errors, capitalization errors and written as scattered notes rather than as prose, meaningful sentences|date=March 2022}} | ||
He was an advocate till 1940 when he was debarred on account of political activities. He was a member of the Indian National Congress for thirty years. He became president of Chitaldroog D.C.C. from 1936 to 1940. He was a member of the Mysore Legislative Council, 1937–38 and a member of the Mysore Congress Working Committee, 1938–50 and general secretary of the Mysore P.C.C., 1942–45; president, Mysore P.C.C., 1945–46; president, Karnataka P.C.C., 1946; member, Constituent Assembly of India and Provisional Parliament; member (1948–50) and president, Constituent Assembly of Mysore; member, Congress Working Committee from 1949; member, the Gopal Rao Enquiry Committee, Government of Mysore; Advocate of decentralisation of Industry and production and formation of States on linguistic basis. | |||
He is the member of Nijalingappa committee as he is appointed by the planning commission to examine the working of co-operative societies. As result they foundation the co-operative societies were formed by the member of the same family to evade laws. | He is the member of Nijalingappa committee as he is appointed by the planning commission to examine the working of co-operative societies. As result they foundation the co-operative societies were formed by the member of the same family to evade laws. | ||
Clubs: | Clubs: member, Chitaldroog Club from 1929; its secretary, 1935–37; member, Constitution Club, New Delhi. | ||
Special interest: Village and Harijan Uplift, Spinning and Literature. | Special interest: Village and Harijan Uplift, Spinning and Literature. | ||
| Line 98: | Line 99: | ||
{{KarnatakaChiefMinisters}} | {{KarnatakaChiefMinisters}} | ||
{{Indian National Congress Presidents}} | {{Indian National Congress Presidents}} | ||
{{Karnataka ministries}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:41, 28 May 2022
S. Nijalingappa | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| 4th Chief Minister of Mysore State | |
| In office 21 June 1962 – 29 May 1968 | |
| Governor | Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar S. M. Shrinagesh V. V. Giri Gopal Swarup Pathak |
| Preceded by | S. R. Kanthi |
| Succeeded by | Veerendra Patil |
| In office 1 November 1956 – 16 May 1958 | |
| Governor | Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar |
| Preceded by | Kadidal Manjappa |
| Succeeded by | B. D. Jatti |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 10 December 1902 Halavagalu, Bellary district, Madras Presidency, British India (now Halavagalu, Vijayanagara District, Karnataka, India) |
| Died | 8 August 2000 (aged 97) Chitradurga, Chitradurga District, Karnataka, India |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
| Alma mater | Central College of Bangalore, ILS Law College |
Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa (10 December 1902 – 8 August 2000) was an Indian independence activist, Congress Party politician, and lawyer who served two terms as the Chief Minister of Karnataka (then Mysore State) first between 1956 and 1958, and once again from 1962 to 1968. He was the 4th Chief Minister of the state of Karnataka.
He played an important role not only in the Indian independence movement but also the Karnataka Unification movement.
Early life and education[edit | edit source]
Nijalingappa was born on 10 December 1902 to a middle-class family in Haluvagalu, a small village in Bellary, Karnataka[1] (then in the Madras Presidency of British India). His father, a small businessman, died when Nijalingappa was five; his mother was a homemaker. The family were Lingayat Hindus; Nijalingappa's mother was noted as a devout worshipper of Shiva.[1] Nijalingappa later recalled that his "father's ancestors were all rich profligates" and that they "dissipated their wealth on gambling, drinking and womanising." He added that his "mother's father helped [his] parents, but [his family] were still very poor."
He grew up in Davanagere and, as a child, was given a traditional education by Veerappa Master, an elder teacher. He joined a formal, western primary school in Davanagere and then a secondary school in Chitradurga in 1919. He became interested in politics during this time after reading the political writings of Annie Besant.[2] In 1924, he graduated in the Arts from the Central College, Bengaluru, and got his law degree from the Law College, Pune in 1926.[1]
Thus, like many other leaders of the Indian freedom movement, he received a blend of both traditional Indian-style and Western-style education. He was influenced by the ideologies of Mahatma Gandhi and Rajendra Prasad, and began to take an active part in the freedom movement in his native Karnataka.
Political career[edit | edit source]
Nijalingappa attended the Congress sessions as a spectator. It was in 1936, when he came into contact with N. S. Hardikar, that he began to take an active interest in the organization. He served it first as a volunteer, rising to be the president of the Pradesh Congress Committee and finally the president of the All India Congress Committee in 1968.
He became president of the Mysore Congress and was also a member of the historic Constituent Assembly from 1946 to 1950. In 1952, he was elected to the First Lok Sabha from the Chitradurga constituency (now Chitradurga) then in Mysore state.
In recognition of his enormous services towards the unification of Karnataka, he was chosen as the first Chief Minister of the unified state. Then again for the second time, he was elected to the same post and he continued in that post up to April 1968. He may well be called the "Maker of Modern Karnataka". The state owes much to him for development of agricultural, irrigation, industrial and transport projects.[3]
He became the Congress President when people in many parts of the country had expressed their distrust in it in the 1967 elections. He chaired two Congress sessions in 1968 and 1969 held in Hyderabad and Faridabad respectively. Due to his untiring efforts, the Congress Party was re-invigorated.[citation needed] However, the factional feud between various factions of the party increased and finally resulted in the historic split of the party in 1969.[4][5] He was the last president of undivided Indian National Congress and had to see his party being split into Congress (R) that supported Indira Gandhi, and Congress (Organization) or Syndicate Congress that consisted of senior leaders like Nijalingappa himself, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, Kamaraj and Morarji Desai.[6]
After the Congress split, Nijalingappa gradually retired from politics. After giving up active politics, he served as chairman of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Society. He was widely revered even after his retirement and was known for his simplicity and integrity.[7] He died on 9 August 2000 at his residence in Chitradurga at the age of 97.[8]
He is remembered fondly by the Tibetan community of India because as Chief Minister of Karnataka, he gave land to Tibetan refugees for the purpose of resettlement. Karnataka today has the largest Tibetan settlements and the largest population in exile. Bylakuppe, Mundgod, Kollegal and Gurupura (near Bylakuppe) are the four Tibetan settlements in Karnataka.[9]
Posts held[edit | edit source]
 | This section does not cite any sources. (March 2022) |
Template:Copyedit section He was an advocate till 1940 when he was debarred on account of political activities. He was a member of the Indian National Congress for thirty years. He became president of Chitaldroog D.C.C. from 1936 to 1940. He was a member of the Mysore Legislative Council, 1937–38 and a member of the Mysore Congress Working Committee, 1938–50 and general secretary of the Mysore P.C.C., 1942–45; president, Mysore P.C.C., 1945–46; president, Karnataka P.C.C., 1946; member, Constituent Assembly of India and Provisional Parliament; member (1948–50) and president, Constituent Assembly of Mysore; member, Congress Working Committee from 1949; member, the Gopal Rao Enquiry Committee, Government of Mysore; Advocate of decentralisation of Industry and production and formation of States on linguistic basis.
He is the member of Nijalingappa committee as he is appointed by the planning commission to examine the working of co-operative societies. As result they foundation the co-operative societies were formed by the member of the same family to evade laws.
Clubs: member, Chitaldroog Club from 1929; its secretary, 1935–37; member, Constitution Club, New Delhi.
Special interest: Village and Harijan Uplift, Spinning and Literature.
Permanent address: Chitaldroog (Mysore).
Memorial[edit | edit source]
The memorial of Nijalingappa built beside NH-4 on the outskirts of Chitradurga near Sibara was inaugurated by the Tibetan spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama on 29 January 2011.[10] Meanwhile, Karnataka chief minister B. S. Yeddyurappa declared that he would name the Sugar research institute at Belgaum after Nijalingappa.[11]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "FACTIONS AND POLITICAL LEADERS" (PDF). p. 193. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
- ↑ Riti, M. D. "A politician who rose above politics". Rediff.com. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
- ↑ "NIJALINGAPPA – ARCHITECT OF KARNATAKA" (PDF). presidentvenkatraman.in.
- ↑ Singh, Mahendra Prasad (1981). Split in a Predominant Party: The Indian National Congress in 1969. ISBN 9788170171409.
- ↑ "From the Archives (November 13, 1969): Prime Minister expelled from Congress". The Hindu. 13 November 2019. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ↑ "Split in the Congress". Indiansaga.
- ↑ "Wearing simplicity on the sleeve". Deccan Herald. 6 November 2012.
- ↑ "Nijalingappa dead". The Hindu. 9 August 2000.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ "His Holiness the Dalai Lama Remembers Former Chief Minister Nijalingappa". Central Tibetan Administration. 31 January 2011. Archived from the original on 21 March 2013.
- ↑ "S. Nijalingappa memorial to be dedicated to the nation today". The Hindu. 29 January 2011. Archived from the original on 4 February 2011.
- ↑ "Sugar institute named after Nijalingappa". The Hindu. 28 August 2010.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- Nijalingappa, S. (2000). My Life and Politics: An Autobiography. Vision Books. ISBN 9788170944232.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Biography at Indian National Congress website
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Kadidal Manjappa |
Chief Minister of Karnataka 1 November 1956 to 16 May 1958 |
Succeeded by B. D. Jatti |
| Preceded by S. R. Kanthi |
Chief Minister of Karnataka 21 June 1962 to 29 May 1968 |
Succeeded by Veerendra Patil |
|
