Kamrup district: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Kamrup district
| name                            = Kamrup district
| settlement_type                = [[List of districts of Assam|District of Assam]]
| settlement_type                = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| total_type                      = Total
| total_type                      = Total
| native_name                    = [[:as:কামৰূপ জিলা|কামৰূপ]]
| image_skyline                  = Three Boats And A Lake (189522955).jpeg
| image_map                      = India Assam Kamrup district map.svg
| image_caption                  = [[Dipor Bil|Dipor Beel]]
| map_caption                    = Location of Kamrup district in Assam
| image_map                      = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Kamrup district'''
|type=shape |id=Q2247441
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Kamrup district of Assam
|type2=line|id2=Q1164|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Assam
}}
| map_alt                        =
| map_caption                    = Location in Assam
| coordinates                    = {{coord|26|20|N|91|15|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates                    = {{coord|26|20|N|91|15|E|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint                  = Amingaon
| coor_pinpoint                  = Amingaon
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = [[India]]
| subdivision_name                = India
| subdivision_type1              = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type1              = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1              = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_name1              = [[Assam]]
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| leader_name                    =  
| leader_name                    =  
| leader_title1                  = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_title1                  = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1                    = [[Gauhati (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gauhati Lok Sabha constituency]]
| leader_name1                    = [[Gauhati (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gauhati]], [[Mangaldoi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mangaldoi]]
| leader_title2                  =  
| leader_title2                  = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2                    =  
| leader_name2                    = [[Boko (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Boko]], [[Chaygaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chaygaon]], [[Palasbari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Palasbari]], [[Hajo (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hajo]], [[Kamalpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kamalpur]], [[Rangiya (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rangiya]]
| timezone1                      = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1                      = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                    = +05:30
| utc_offset1                    = +05:30
| registration_plate              =  
| registration_plate              =  
| blank_name_sec1                = [[Indian road network|Major highways]]
| blank_name_sec1                = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1                = [[National Highway 31 (India)|National Highway 31]], [[National Highway 37 (India)|National Highway 37]]
| blank_info_sec1                = [[National Highway 31 (India)|National Highway 31]], [[National Highway 37 (India)|National Highway 37]]
| blank_name_sec2                = Average annual precipitation
| blank_name_sec2                = Average annual precipitation
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| website                        = {{URL|https://kamrup.assam.gov.in/}}
| website                        = {{URL|https://kamrup.assam.gov.in/}}
| official_name                  =  
| official_name                  =  
| image_skyline                  =
| image_caption                  =
}}
}}


'''Kamrup Rural district''', or simply '''Kamrup district''' (Pron:ˈkæmˌrəp or ˈkæmˌru:p) is an administrative [[districts of Assam|district]] in the state of [[Assam]] in [[India]] formed by dividing the [[Undivided Kamrup district|old Kamrup district]] into two in the year 2003; other being [[Kamrup Metropolitan district]], named after [[Kamrup region|region]] it constitute. The district, along with [[Nalbari district|Nalbari]], [[Barpeta District|Barpeta]], [[Kamrup Metropolitan district|Kamrup Metropolitan]], Bajali and [[Baksa district]]s have been created from the [[Undivided Kamrup district]].
'''Kamrup Rural district''', or simply '''Kamrup district''' (Pron: ˈkæmˌrəp or ˈkæmˌru:p), is an administrative [[districts of Assam|district]] in the state of [[Assam]] in India formed by dividing the [[Undivided Kamrup district|old Kamrup district]] into two in the year 2003; other being [[Kamrup Metropolitan district]], named after [[Kamrup region|region]] it constitute. The district, along with [[Nalbari district|Nalbari]], [[Barpeta District|Barpeta]], [[Kamrup Metropolitan district|Kamrup Metropolitan]], Bajali and [[Baksa district]]s have been created from the [[Undivided Kamrup district]].


==History==
==History==
[[Image:Madan Kamdev 8.jpg|thumb|200px|<center>[[Madan Kamdev]]</center>]]
[[Image:Madan Kamdev 8.jpg|thumb|[[Madan Kamdev]]|left]]
Kamrup Rural district was created by bifurcating [[Undivided Kamrup district]] in 2003.
Kamrup Rural district was created by bifurcating [[Undivided Kamrup district]] in 2003.


The Government of Assam, during the Chief-ministership of Late [[Tarun Gogoi]], had proposed to bifurcate it further and create a new district, named South Kamrup. In 2016, the process of creation of the district was started.<ref>{{Cite news|last=India|first=Press Trust of|date=2016-01-27|title=Assam issues notification to form new administrative districts|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/assam-issues-notification-to-form-new-administrative-districts-116012701006_1.html|access-date=2021-05-10}}</ref> But later that year, the process of creation was stopped midway due to lack of infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Sentinel Digital|title=Revocation of East Kamrup, South Kamrup districts begins - Sentinelassam|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/guwahati-today/revocation-of-east-kamrup-south-kamrup-districts-begins/|access-date=2021-05-10|website=The Sentinel Assam|language=en}}</ref>
The Government of Assam, during the Chief-ministership of Late [[Tarun Gogoi]], had proposed to bifurcate it further and create a new district, named South Kamrup. In 2016, the process of creation of the district was started.<ref>{{Cite news|agency=Press Trust of India|date=2016-01-27|title=Assam issues notification to form new administrative districts|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/assam-issues-notification-to-form-new-administrative-districts-116012701006_1.html|access-date=2021-05-10}}</ref> But later that year, the process of creation was stopped midway due to lack of infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=Sentinel Digital|title=Revocation of East Kamrup, South Kamrup districts begins - Sentinelassam|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/guwahati-today/revocation-of-east-kamrup-south-kamrup-districts-begins/|access-date=2021-05-10|website=The Sentinel Assam|language=en}}</ref>


==Geography and environment==
==Geography and environment==
[[File:Chandubi Lake.jpg|200px|thumb|<center>[[Chandubi Lake]]</center>]]
===Overview===
===Overview===
Kamrup district occupies an area of {{convert|4345|km2|sqmi}},<ref name='Reference Annual'>{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Assam: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1116 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Australia]]'s [[Kangaroo Island]].<ref name='Islands'>{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 2011-10-11 | date = 1998-02-18 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Kangaroo Island}}</ref> Kamrup district has some territorial disputes with neighbouring [[West Khasi Hills district]], [[Meghalaya]], including that over the village of [[Langpih]].<ref name="Zeenews20081122">{{citation|url=http://zeenews.india.com/Elections08/JKStory.aspx?aid=485586|title=Meghalaya flexes muscle on Assam boundary|periodical=[[Zee News]]|date=2008-11-22|access-date=2012-08-11|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224003636/http://zeenews.india.com/Elections08/JKStory.aspx?aid=485586|archive-date=24 February 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
Kamrup district occupies an area of {{convert|4345|km2|sqmi}}.<ref name="Reference Annual">{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Assam: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1116 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> Kamrup district has some territorial disputes with neighbouring [[West Khasi Hills district]], [[Meghalaya]], including that over the village of [[Langpih]].<ref name="Zeenews20081122">{{citation|url=http://zeenews.india.com/Elections08/JKStory.aspx?aid=485586|title=Meghalaya flexes muscle on Assam boundary|periodical=[[Zee News]]|date=2008-11-22|access-date=2012-08-11|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224003636/http://zeenews.india.com/Elections08/JKStory.aspx?aid=485586|archive-date=24 February 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


===Hydrography===
===Hydrography===
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===Population===
===Population===
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Kamrup district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,517,542,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the [[West Africa]]n country of [[Gabon]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Gabon 1,576,665}}</ref> or the US state of [[Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=Hawaii 1,360,301 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/619lRoKht?url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=23 August 2011 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 327th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|436|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.67%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Kamrup has a [[sex ratio]] of 946 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 72.81%.<ref name=districtcensus/>
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=2,73,945|13=1911|14=3,04,339|15=1921|16=3,25,816|17=1931|18=3,56,369|19=1941|20=4,24,814|21=1951|22=4,97,763|23=1961|24=5,98,357|25=1971|26=8,04,775|27=1991|28=10,91,651|29=2001|30=13,11,698|31=2011|32=15,17,542|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Kamrup district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,517,542,<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the [[West Africa]]n country of [[Gabon]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Gabon 1,576,665}}</ref> or the US state of [[Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=Hawaii 1,360,301 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/619lRoKht?url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=23 August 2011 }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 327th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name="districtcensus" /> The district has a population density of {{convert|436|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name="districtcensus" /> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.67%.<ref name="districtcensus" /> Kamrup has a [[sex ratio]] of 946 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name="districtcensus" /> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 72.81%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 7.11% and 12.00% of the population respectively.<ref name="districtcensus" />
 
{{bar box
{{Pie chart
|title=Religion in Kamrup district
|thumb = right
|titlebar=#FCD116
|caption = Religions in Kamrup District (2011 census)
|left1=Religion
|label1 = Hinduism
|right1=Percent
|value1 = 57.82
|float=left
|color1 = Orange
|bars=
|label2 = Islam
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Assam|Hinduism]]|darkorange|57.82}}
|value2 = 39.66
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Assam|Islam]]|#008000|39.66}}
|color2 = Green
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Assam|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|2.19}}
|label3 = others
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.33}}
|value3 = 2.52
}}
|color3 = Pink}}
The religious composition of the district includes [[Hinduism]] (877,495) 57.82% majority, second most popular is [[Islam]] numbering (601,784) constituting 39.66% of the region and rest 2.52% include others religions like [[Sikhism]] , [[Christianity]] , [[Buddhism]], [[Jainism]] and indigenous tribal religions according to census 2011 report. The district has people belonging to various [[Assamese people|indigenous Assamese communities]] like Keots/Kaibarta, Bodo, Rabha, Tiwa/Lalung, Amri Karbi, Dom/Nadiyal, Koch-Rajbongshi etc.
The religious composition of the district includes [[Hinduism]] (877,495) 57.82% majority, second most popular is [[Islam]] numbering (601,784) constituting 39.66% of the region and rest 2.52% include others religions like [[Sikhism]] , [[Christianity]] , [[Buddhism]], [[Jainism]] and indigenous tribal religions according to census 2011 report. The district has people belonging to various [[Assamese people|indigenous Assamese communities]] like Keots/Kaibarta, Bodo, Rabha, Tiwa/Lalung, Amri Karbi, Dom/Nadiyal, Koch-Rajbongshi etc.
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=2,73,945|13=1911|14=3,04,339|15=1921|16=3,25,816|17=1931|18=3,56,369|19=1941|20=4,24,814|21=1951|22=4,97,763|23=1961|24=5,98,357|25=1971|26=8,04,775|27=1991|28=10,91,651|29=2001|30=13,11,698|31=2011|32=15,17,542|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}


===Religious important places===
===Religious important places===
[[Image:Entrance Madhab mandir.jpg|thumb|200px|<center>Hayagriha Madhava Temple</center>]]
The district has followers of [[Hinduism]], [[Islam]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]] and [[Animism]]. The ancient temples of [[Kamakhya Temple|Kamakhya]] and [[Hajo]] attracts many pilgrims from all quarters.<ref name=EB1911/> The people of Kamrup also donated a sacred Arya [[Avalokiteśvara]] statue to [[Stakna Monastery]] in [[Ladakh]].<ref name="Temples">{{cite web|url=http://www.buddhist-temples.com/buddhist-monastery/ladakh/stakna.html|title= Stakna Gompa|publisher=Buddhist-temples.com|access-date=19 October 2009}}</ref>
The district has followers of [[Hinduism]], [[Islam]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]] and [[Animism]]. The ancient temples of [[Kamakhya Temple|Kamakhya]] and [[Hajo]] attracts many pilgrims from all quarters.<ref name=EB1911/> The people of Kamrup also donated a sacred Arya [[Avalokiteśvara]] statue to [[Stakna Monastery]] in [[Ladakh]].<ref name="Temples">{{cite web|url=http://www.buddhist-temples.com/buddhist-monastery/ladakh/stakna.html|title= Stakna Gompa|publisher=Buddhist-temples.com|access-date=19 October 2009}}</ref>


===Language===
===Language===
Major language spoken natively is [[Kamrupi dialect]] of [[Assamese language|Assamese]] with pockets of [[Amri language|Amri]], a language related with [[Karbi language|Karbi]], with 1,25,000 speakers;<ref name='ethnoamri'>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M . Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Amri Karbi: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ajz | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009| publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref> [[Tiwa (Lalung)]] and [[Atong language (Sino-Tibetan)|A'Tong]], also  spoken by 10,000 people, found mostly in southern parts bordering Meghalaya. All the indigenous Assamese communities use the Assamese language to communicate with other indigenous Assamese communities.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M . Paul Lewis| encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = A'Tong: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=aot| access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009| publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref> According to the 2011 census, 74.43% of the population spoke Assamese, 19.92% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 1.86% [[Garo language|Garo]], 1.41% [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] and 1.17% [[Hindi]] as their first language.<ref name="districtcensus" />
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Kamrup district (2011)
|label1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value1 = 74.43 |color1 = gold
|label2 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value2 = 19.90 |color2 = saddlebrown
|label3 = [[Garo language|Garo]] |value3 = 1.86 |color3 = cornflowerblue
|label4 = [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] |value4 = 1.41 |color4 = royalblue
|label5 = [[Hindi]] |value5 = 1.17 |color5 = orange
|label6 = Others |value6 =1.23 |color6 = grey
|thumb=left
}}
 
Major language spoken natively is [[Kamrupi dialects|Kamrupi dialect]] of [[Assamese language|Assamese]] with pockets of [[Amri language|Amri]], a language related with [[Karbi language|Karbi]], with 1,30,000 speakers;<ref name='ethnoamri'>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M . Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Amri Karbi: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ajz | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009| publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref> [[Tiwa (Lalung)]] and [[Atong language (Sino-Tibetan)|A'Tong]], also  spoken by 10,000 people, found mostly in southern parts bordering Meghalaya. [[Rabha language|Rabha]] is spoken by some along the Meghalaya border. All the indigenous Assamese communities use Assamese to communicate with other indigenous Assamese communities.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M . Paul Lewis| encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = A'Tong: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=aot| access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009| publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref>
 
According to the 2011 census, 74.43% of the population spoke Assamese, 19.90% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 1.86% [[Garo language|Garo]], 1.41% [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] and 1.17% [[Hindi]] as their first language.<ref name="districtcensus" />


==Economy==
==Economy==
[[Image:Academic complex iitg.jpeg|thumb|200px|<center>Indian Institute of Technology in North Gauhati</center>]]
[[Image:Academic complex iitg.jpeg|thumb|200px|{{center|Indian Institute of Technology in North Gauhati}}]]
The staple crop of the district is rice, of which there are three crops{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}. The indigenous manufactures are confined to the weaving of [[silk]] and [[cotton]] cloths for home use, and to the making of brass cups and plates. The chief exports are rice, oilseeds, timber, and cotton; the imports are fine rice, salt, piece goods, sugar, betel nuts, coconuts, and hardware. A section of the Assam-Bengal railway starts from Guwahati and a branch of the Eastern Bengal railway has recently been opened to the opposite bank of the river. A metalled road runs due south from Guwahati to [[Shillong]].{{citation needed|date=August 2012}}
The staple crop of the district is rice, of which there are three crops{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}. The indigenous manufactures are confined to the weaving of [[silk]] and [[cotton]] cloths for home use, and to the making of brass cups and plates. The chief exports are rice, oilseeds, timber, and cotton; the imports are fine rice, salt, piece goods, sugar, betel nuts, coconuts, and hardware. A section of the Assam-Bengal railway starts from Guwahati and a branch of the Eastern Bengal railway has recently been opened to the opposite bank of the river. A metalled road runs due south from Guwahati to [[Shillong]].{{citation needed|date=August 2012}}


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|Centre    = Kamrup district
|Centre    = Kamrup district
|North    =  
|North    =  
|Northeast = [[Udalguri district]] <br> [[Darrang district]]
|Northeast = [[Udalguri district]] <br /> [[Darrang district]]
|East      = [[Morigaon district]]
|East      = [[Morigaon district]]
|Southeast = [[Ri-Bhoi district]], [[Meghalaya]]
|Southeast = [[Ri-Bhoi district]], [[Meghalaya]]
Line 134: Line 150:
|Southwest = [[East Garo Hills district]], Meghalaya
|Southwest = [[East Garo Hills district]], Meghalaya
|West      = [[Goalpara district]]
|West      = [[Goalpara district]]
|Northwest = [[Baksa district]] <br> [[Nalbari district]]
|Northwest = [[Baksa district]] <br /> [[Nalbari district]]
}} <div style="text-align: center;">'''Note''': [[Kamrup Metropolitan district]] is completely surrounded by Kamrup Rural district. </div>
}} <div style="text-align: center;">'''Note''': [[Kamrup Metropolitan district]] is completely surrounded by Kamrup Rural district. </div>


Latest revision as of 19:29, 18 April 2022

For old Kamrup district, see Undivided Kamrup district.
Kamrup district
District of Assam
Dipor Beel
Dipor Beel
Coordinates (Amingaon): 26°20′N 91°15′E / 26.333°N 91.250°E / 26.333; 91.250Coordinates: 26°20′N 91°15′E / 26.333°N 91.250°E / 26.333; 91.250
CountryIndia
StateAssam
DivisionLower Assam
HeadquartersAmingaon
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesGauhati, Mangaldoi
 • Vidhan Sabha constituenciesBoko, Chaygaon, Palasbari, Hajo, Kamalpur, Rangiya
Area
 • Total3,105 km2 (1,199 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total1,517,542
 • Density490/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
 • Urban
142,394
Demographics
 • Literacy70.95%
 • Sex ratio914
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNational Highway 31, National Highway 37
Average annual precipitation1,400 mm
Websitekamrup.assam.gov.in

Kamrup Rural district, or simply Kamrup district (Pron: ˈkæmˌrəp or ˈkæmˌru:p), is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India formed by dividing the old Kamrup district into two in the year 2003; other being Kamrup Metropolitan district, named after region it constitute. The district, along with Nalbari, Barpeta, Kamrup Metropolitan, Bajali and Baksa districts have been created from the Undivided Kamrup district.

History[edit]

Madan Kamdev

Kamrup Rural district was created by bifurcating Undivided Kamrup district in 2003.

The Government of Assam, during the Chief-ministership of Late Tarun Gogoi, had proposed to bifurcate it further and create a new district, named South Kamrup. In 2016, the process of creation of the district was started.[1] But later that year, the process of creation was stopped midway due to lack of infrastructure.[2]

Geography and environment[edit]

Overview[edit]

Kamrup district occupies an area of 4,345 square kilometres (1,678 sq mi).[3] Kamrup district has some territorial disputes with neighbouring West Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya, including that over the village of Langpih.[4]

Hydrography[edit]

In the immediate neighborhood of the Brahmaputra, the land is low and exposed to annual inundation. In this marshy tract reeds and canes flourish luxuriantly, and the only cultivation is that of rice. At a comparatively short distance from the river banks the ground begins to rise in undulating knolls towards the mountains of Bhutan on the north, and towards the Khasi hills on the south. The hills south of the Brahmaputra in some parts reach the height of 800 feet (240 m). The Brahmaputra, which divides the district into two nearly equal portions, is navigable by river steamers throughout the year, and receives several tributaries navigable by large native boats in the rainy season. The chief of these are the Manas, Chaul Khoya and Barnadi on the north, and the Kulsi and Dibru on the south bank.[5]

Flora and fauna[edit]

In 1989 Kamrup district became home to the Dipor Bil Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 4.1 km2 (1.6 sq mi).[6] There is also a plantation where seedlings of teak, sal, sissu, sum, and nahor are reared, and experiments are being made with the caoutchouc tree.[5]

Kamrup is home to one of the few large colonies of greater adjutant storks still in existence. The villagers previously regarded the birds as pests, but outreach efforts including cultural and religious programming, especially aimed at local women, have rallied Kamrup residents to be proud of and protect the storks.[7]

Demographics[edit]

Population[edit]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901273,945—    
1911304,339+1.06%
1921325,816+0.68%
1931356,369+0.90%
1941424,814+1.77%
1951497,763+1.60%
1961598,357+1.86%
1971804,775+3.01%
19911,091,651+1.54%
20011,311,698+1.85%
20111,517,542+1.47%
source:[8]

According to the 2011 census Kamrup district has a population of 1,517,542,[9] roughly equal to the West African country of Gabon[10] or the US state of Hawaii.[11] This gives it a ranking of 327th in India (out of a total of 640).[9] The district has a population density of 436 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,130/sq mi) .[9] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.67%.[9] Kamrup has a sex ratio of 946 females for every 1000 males,[9] and a literacy rate of 72.81%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 7.11% and 12.00% of the population respectively.[9]

Religion in Kamrup district
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 57.82%
Islam
 
 39.66%
Christianity
 
 2.19%
Other or not stated
 
 0.33%

The religious composition of the district includes Hinduism (877,495) 57.82% majority, second most popular is Islam numbering (601,784) constituting 39.66% of the region and rest 2.52% include others religions like Sikhism , Christianity , Buddhism, Jainism and indigenous tribal religions according to census 2011 report. The district has people belonging to various indigenous Assamese communities like Keots/Kaibarta, Bodo, Rabha, Tiwa/Lalung, Amri Karbi, Dom/Nadiyal, Koch-Rajbongshi etc.

Religious important places[edit]

The district has followers of Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism and Animism. The ancient temples of Kamakhya and Hajo attracts many pilgrims from all quarters.[5] The people of Kamrup also donated a sacred Arya Avalokiteśvara statue to Stakna Monastery in Ladakh.[12]

Language[edit]

Languages of Kamrup district (2011)

  Assamese (74.43%)
  Bengali (19.90%)
  Garo (1.86%)
  Boro (1.41%)
  Hindi (1.17%)
  Others (1.23%)

Major language spoken natively is Kamrupi dialect of Assamese with pockets of Amri, a language related with Karbi, with 1,30,000 speakers;[13] Tiwa (Lalung) and A'Tong, also spoken by 10,000 people, found mostly in southern parts bordering Meghalaya. Rabha is spoken by some along the Meghalaya border. All the indigenous Assamese communities use Assamese to communicate with other indigenous Assamese communities.[14]

According to the 2011 census, 74.43% of the population spoke Assamese, 19.90% Bengali, 1.86% Garo, 1.41% Boro and 1.17% Hindi as their first language.[9]

Economy[edit]

Indian Institute of Technology in North Gauhati

The staple crop of the district is rice, of which there are three crops[citation needed]. The indigenous manufactures are confined to the weaving of silk and cotton cloths for home use, and to the making of brass cups and plates. The chief exports are rice, oilseeds, timber, and cotton; the imports are fine rice, salt, piece goods, sugar, betel nuts, coconuts, and hardware. A section of the Assam-Bengal railway starts from Guwahati and a branch of the Eastern Bengal railway has recently been opened to the opposite bank of the river. A metalled road runs due south from Guwahati to Shillong.[citation needed]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "Assam issues notification to form new administrative districts". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 27 January 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  2. ↑ Desk, Sentinel Digital. "Revocation of East Kamrup, South Kamrup districts begins - Sentinelassam". The Sentinel Assam. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  3. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Assam: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. p. 1116. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7. {{cite book}}: |last1= has generic name (help)
  4. ↑ "Meghalaya flexes muscle on Assam boundary", Zee News, 22 November 2008, archived from the original on 24 February 2014, retrieved 11 August 2012
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kamrup". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 647.
  6. ↑ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Assam". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  7. ↑ Toomey, Diane (6 December 2016). "From loathed to loved: Villagers rally to save Greater Adjutant storks". Mongabay. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
  8. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  10. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Gabon 1,576,665
  11. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Hawaii 1,360,301
  12. ↑ "Stakna Gompa". Buddhist-temples.com. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
  13. ↑ M . Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Amri Karbi: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  14. ↑ M . Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "A'Tong: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Bannerje, A C (1992). "Chapter 1: The New Regime, 1826-31". In Barpujari, H K (ed.). The Comprehensive History of Assam: Modern Period. Vol. IV. Guwahati: Publication Board, Assam. pp. 1–43.
  • Hunter, William Wislon (1879). A Statistical Account of Assam. Vol. 1. Trübner & co. Retrieved 13 December 2012.

External links[edit]

Note: Kamrup Metropolitan district is completely surrounded by Kamrup Rural district.

Template:Western Assam

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