Americans in India

Americans in India

Total population
1,000,000 (2019)
Regions with significant populations
Bangalore · Chennai · Hyderabad · Mumbai · New Delhi  · Kochi
Languages
American English · Indian languages
Religion
Christianity · Hinduism · Islam · Sikhism
Related ethnic groups
American diaspora

Americans in India comprise expatriates and immigrants from the United States living in India, along with Indian citizens of American descent. They have a history stretching back to the late 18th century.

History

During World War II, more than 400,000 American soldiers were sent to India.

After the end of British colonial rule in India in 1947, the "colonial third culture" surrounding employment, which featured expatriates in superior roles, natives in subordinate roles, and little informal socialisation between the two, began to be replaced with a "co-ordinate third culture", based around the common social life of Americans working in multinational corporations and their Indian colleagues. Americans who came to India for work slowly assimilated into this culture. Many companies in those days found they had difficulty retaining American employees with children; they found educational facilities at the high school level to be inadequate.

In a break from the long tradition of older American expatriates coming to India to manage local subsidiaries of American companies, a trend began in the 2000s of younger Americans taking jobs at Indian companies, especially in the information technology sector, often at lower wages than they had previously earned in the U.S. In 2006 there were estimated to be roughly 800 American immigrants working in high-tech companies in India.

Numbers

According to a White House press release on June 26, 2017, over 700,000 U.S. citizens reside in India.

In 2002, one widely cited estimate stated that 60,000 Americans including African Americans lived in India. However, exact numbers were difficult to come by because many did not register with the embassy. Some media reports around the time of the 2008 U.S. presidential election stated that 10,000 Americans lived in India at the time. However this conflicted with another figure given by the head of the U.S. consulate in Mumbai, who estimated that there were 9,000 living in Mumbai and its surroundings alone, representing almost 0,1% of its total population.

In fiction

Fictional portrayals include Paul Theroux's The Elephanta Suite. Outsourced aired on NBC during the 2010 television season, depicting an American manager at a call center in Mumbai.

Education

American schools in India include:

• American Embassy School (Delhi)
• American School of Bombay
• American International School–Chennai

Notable people

This is a list of current and former U.S. citizens whose notability is related to their residence in India.

• Akhil Akkineni, American actor of Indian descent, who works in Telugu films
• Tom Alter, actor in the Indian cinema industry, former U.S. citizen
• Martha Chen, born and raised up in India but later became an American citizen
• Mary Curzon, Baroness Curzon of Kedleston, CI (27 May 1870 – 18 July 1906); as Vicereine of India, she held the highest official title in history of any American woman up to her time
• Monica Dogra, American singer and actor of Indian origin based in Mumbai
• Ellis R. Dungan, American director who worked in Tamil films
• Goa Gil
• Lauren Gottlieb, actress and dancer
• Nathaniel Higginson, Governor of Madras (1692–98)
• Deva Katta, Indian-born film director who has later acquired U.S. citizenship, works in Telugu films
• Imran Khan, American actor of Indian origin, who works in Hindi films
• Jiah Khan
• Dr. Anna Sarah Kugler, first medical missionary of the Evangelical Lutheran General Synod of the United States of North America
• Pooja Kumar, American actress born to Indian immigrants; works in the Tamil industry
• Justin McCarthy, American-born Indian Bharatnatyam dancer, instructor and choreographer
• Nandini Nimbkar, president of the Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute (NARI)
• Alexx O'Nell, actor and singer
• Joseph Allen Stein, American architect
• Samuel Evans Stokes, later Satyananda Stokes, came to India in 1904 to work at a leper colony in the Simla Hills
• Romulus Whitaker, herpetologist and wildlife conservationist, born in New York City, became an Indian citizen in 1975
• Elihu Yale, Governor of Madras Presidency (1684–85, 1687–92), founder of Yale University

See also

• Indian American

References

Sources

• Bhagat, G. (1970), Americans in India, 1784–1860, New York University Press, OCLC 119335
  • Reviewed by Huttenback, Robert A.; Bhagat, G. (April 1972), "Review: Americans in India, 1784–1860, G. Bhagat", The American Historical Review, American Historical Association, 77 (2): 567, doi:10.2307/1868817, JSTOR 1868817
• Useem, John (1966), "Work Patterns of Americans in India", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 368 (1): 146–156, doi:10.1177/000271626636800114, S2CID 146651358
• Useem, Ruth Hill (1966), "The American Family in India", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 368 (1): 132–145, doi:10.1177/000271626636800113, S2CID 145784887
• Vest, Eugene B. (October–December 1948), "Native Words Learned by American Soldiers in India and Burma in World War II", American Speech, Duke University Press, 23 (3/4): 223–231, doi:10.2307/486923, JSTOR 486923

Further reading

• Blood, Archer K. (2005). The cruel birth of Bangladesh: Memoirs of an American diplomat. Dhaka: University Press.
• Heideman, Eugene P. (2001), From Mission to Church: The Reformed Church in America Mission to India, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8028-4900-7
• Lambert, Richard D. (1966), "Some Minor Pathologies in the American Presence in India", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 368 (1): 157–170, doi:10.1177/000271626636800115, S2CID 145463917
• Useem, John; Useem, Ruth Hill (1968), "American-Educated Indians and Americans in India: A Comparison of Two Modernizing Roles", Journal of Social Issues, 24 (4): 143–158, doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02319.x
• Hudson, Dana Andrew (2010-07-18), "What I Did When I Couldn't Find a Job", Chronicle of Higher Education, retrieved 2010-07-27; a personal account from an unemployed American who moved to Sikkim to work as a newspaper editor

External links

• Young Americans in India, a video report from CBS News