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{{Politics of Pakistan}} | {{Politics of Pakistan}} | ||
The '''Constitution of Pakistan''' ({{lang | The '''Constitution of Pakistan''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|آئینِ پاکستان}}|Ā'īn-e-Pākistān|engvar=in}}; also called the '''1973 Constitution''') stands as the supreme legal authority in the country. It governs Pakistan’s legal framework, political ethos, and institutional structure, defining the state’s framework, citizens’ fundamental rights, legal and administrative order, as well as the organisation and functions of state institutions and the armed forces.<ref name="British Institute of International and Comparative Law">{{cite book|last=Abiad|first=Nisrine|title=Sharia, Muslim states and international human rights treaty obligations : a comparative study|year=2008|publisher=British Institute of International and Comparative Law|location=London|isbn=978-1-905221-41-7|pages=96–200|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dex7TKuoUhgC&pg=PA96 }}</ref> | ||
Formulated under the leadership of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s government, with contributions from opposition parties, it was adopted unanimously by the 5th Parliament on 10 April and formally enacted on 14 August 1973. The initial three chapters delineate the roles, authority, and separation of powers among the three branches of government: a bicameral legislature, an executive branch led by the prime minister as chief executive, and a federal judiciary with the Supreme Court at its apex.<ref name="The Story of Pakistan">{{cite web|last=Enterprise Team|title=The Constitution of 1973'|url=http://storyofpakistan.com/the-constitution-of-1973/|work=The Story of Pakistan|access-date=15 October 2011|date=1 June 2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002225754/http://storyofpakistan.com/the-constitution-of-1973/|archive-date=2 October 2013}}</ref><ref name="Constitution of Pakistan">{{cite web |title=The Constitution of Pakistan|url=http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/|publisher=pakistani.org |access-date=22 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110712160058/http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/|archive-date=12 July 2011}}</ref> | Formulated under the leadership of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s government, with contributions from opposition parties, it was adopted unanimously by the 5th Parliament on 10 April and formally enacted on 14 August 1973. The initial three chapters delineate the roles, authority, and separation of powers among the three branches of government: a bicameral legislature, an executive branch led by the prime minister as chief executive, and a federal judiciary with the Supreme Court at its apex.<ref name="The Story of Pakistan">{{cite web|last=Enterprise Team|title=The Constitution of 1973'|url=http://storyofpakistan.com/the-constitution-of-1973/|work=The Story of Pakistan|access-date=15 October 2011|date=1 June 2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002225754/http://storyofpakistan.com/the-constitution-of-1973/|archive-date=2 October 2013}}</ref><ref name="Constitution of Pakistan">{{cite web |title=The Constitution of Pakistan|url=http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/|publisher=pakistani.org |access-date=22 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110712160058/http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/|archive-date=12 July 2011}}</ref> | ||
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The Constitution of Pakistan (Urdu: آئینِ پاکستان, romanized: Ā'īn-e-Pākistān; also called the 1973 Constitution) stands as the supreme legal authority in the country. It governs Pakistan’s legal framework, political ethos, and institutional structure, defining the state’s framework, citizens’ fundamental rights, legal and administrative order, as well as the organisation and functions of state institutions and the armed forces.[1]
Formulated under the leadership of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s government, with contributions from opposition parties, it was adopted unanimously by the 5th Parliament on 10 April and formally enacted on 14 August 1973. The initial three chapters delineate the roles, authority, and separation of powers among the three branches of government: a bicameral legislature, an executive branch led by the prime minister as chief executive, and a federal judiciary with the Supreme Court at its apex.[2][3]
The Constitution designates the President of Pakistan as a ceremonial Head of State, tasked with symbolising national unity.[4] The first six articles establish the political system as a federal parliamentary republic and declare Islam the state religion.[5] Additionally, the Constitution incorporates provisions requiring the legal system to align with Islamic principles as enshrined in the Quran and Sunnah.[6]
References
- ↑ Abiad, Nisrine (2008). Sharia, Muslim states and international human rights treaty obligations : a comparative study. London: British Institute of International and Comparative Law. pp. 96–200. ISBN 978-1-905221-41-7.
- ↑ Enterprise Team (1 June 2003). "The Constitution of 1973'". The Story of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
- ↑ "The Constitution of Pakistan". pakistani.org. Archived from the original on 12 July 2011. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ↑ "Part III. The Federation of Pakistan: Chapter 1; The President". Const. of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 7 April 2011. Retrieved 22 January 2013 – via pakistani.org.
- ↑ "First Six Articles". Archived from the original on 21 May 2013.
- ↑ Iqbal, Khurshid (2009). The Right to Development in International Law: The Case of Pakistan. Routledge. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-134-01999-1.
The constitution proclaims ... that all existing laws shall be brought in accordance with the injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Quran and Sunnah, and no law shall be enacted which is repugnant to such injunctions.