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{{short description|100 lakh in the Indian numbering system (10 million)}}
{{Short description|Indian numbering system name for ten million}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
A '''crore''' ({{IPAc-en|k|r|ɔər}}; abbreviated '''cr'''), '''karor''' or '''koti''' denotes [[10,000,000 (number)|ten million]] (10,000,000 or&nbsp;10<sup>7</sup> in [[scientific notation]]) and is equal to 100 [[lakh]] in the [[Indian numbering system]].  It is written as '''1,00,00,000''' with the local '''2,2,3''' style of [[digit group separator]]s (one lakh is equal to [[100000 (number)|one hundred thousand]], and is written as 1,00,000).<ref name="nroer">{{cite web |title= Knowing our Numbers |url= http://nroer.gov.in/nroer_team/file/readDoc/55b23f2881fccb054b6be25f/|website=Department of School Education And Literacy |publisher= National Repository of Open Educational Resources|access-date=13 February 2016}}</ref>


==Money==
'''Crore''' ({{IPAc-en|k|r|ɔər}}; abbreviated '''cr''') denotes the quantity [[10,000,000|ten million]] (10<sup>7</sup>) and is equal to 100 [[lakh]] in the [[Indian numbering system]]. In many international contexts, the [[decimal]] quantity is formatted as 10,000,000, but when used in the context of the Indian  numbering system, the quantity is usually formatted 1,00,00,000<!--**DO NOT CHANGE COMMA FORMATTING**-->.<ref name="nroer">{{cite web |title=Knowing our Numbers |url=http://nroer.gov.in/nroer_team/file/readDoc/55b23f2881fccb054b6be25f/ |website=Department of School Education And Literacy |publisher=National Repository of Open Educational Resources |access-date=13 February 2016 |archive-date=16 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216163129/http://nroer.gov.in/nroer_team/file/readDoc/55b23f2881fccb054b6be25f/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Large amounts of money in [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], and [[Nepal]] are often written in terms of ''crore''. For example, 150,000,000 (one hundred and fifty million) is written as "fifteen ''crore'' [[rupee]]s", "15crore" or "Rs&nbsp;15 crore".<ref name="nroer" /> In the abbreviated form, usage such as "{{INR|link=Indian rupee}}15cr" (for "15 ''crore'' rupees") is common.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}
 
Crore is widely used both in official and other contexts in [[Bangladesh]], [[Bhutan]], [[India]], [[Myanmar]], [[Nepal]], and [[Pakistan]]. The next named numbers after it are ''arab'' (i.e. a billion), and ''kharab'' (i.e. a trillion), although they are not widely used in the modern-day Indian subcontinent.
 
== Etymology and regional variants ==
 
The word ''crore'' derives from the [[Prakrit]] word {{Transliteration|pra|kroḍi}}, which in turn comes from the [[Sanskrit]] {{Transliteration|sa|koṭi}} ({{Lang|sa|कोटि}}),<ref>''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', 1st ed., 1893, ''s.v.'' 'crore'</ref> denoting ten million in the [[Indian number system]], which has separate terms for most powers of ten from 10<sup>0</sup> up to 10<sup>19</sup>.
 
'''By language'''


[[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|Trillions]] (in the [[long and short scales|short scale]]) of money are often written or spoken of in terms of ''lakh crore''. For example, ''one [[Trillion (short scale)|trillion]] rupees'' is:<br>
* '''[[Assamese language|Assamese]]''': ক্ৰোড় kroṛ
:= ''One lakh crore rupees''
* '''[[Bengali language|Bengali]]''': কোটি kōṭī (though some also use the word "ক্ৰোড়" kroṛ)
:= {{Indian Rupees}}1&nbsp;lakh crore
* '''[[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]''': कड़ो kaṛo
:= {{Indian Rupees}}10<sup>5+7</sup>
* '''[[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]''': (Hindi: करोड़, Urdu: کروڑ) kroṛ
:= {{Indian Rupees}}10<sup>12</sup>
* '''[[Maldivian language|Dhivehi]]''': ކޯރޯ  kāroo
:= {{Indian Rupees}}10,00,00,00,00,000 in [[Indian numbering system#Use of separators|Indian notation]]
* '''[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]''': કરોડ koṛo
:= {{Indian Rupees}}1,000,000,000,000 in Western notation
* '''[[Kannada]]''': ಕೋಟಿ kōṭi
* '''[[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]''': کروڑ kroṛ
* '''[[Khasi language|Khasi]]''': kro
* '''[[Malayalam]]''': കോടി kōṭi
* '''[[Marathi language|Marathi]]''': कोटी kōṭī
* '''[[Meitei language|Meitei]]''': ꯀꯩꯡ kōṭi1
* '''[[Nepali language|Nepali]]''': करोड kroṛ
* '''[[Odia language|Odia]]''': କୋଟି kōṭi
* '''[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]''': ([[Shahmukhi]]:کروڑ [[Gurmukhi]]: ਕਰੋੜ)
* '''[[Sanskrit]]''': कोटि kōṭi
* '''[[Sinhala language|Sinhala]]''': කෝටිය kōṭiya
* '''[[Tamil Nadu|Tamil]]''': கோடி kōṭi
* '''[[Telugu language|Telugu]]''': కోటి kōṭi


''Crore'' is also used in [[Sri Lanka]]; however, most Sri Lankans use the term ''koti'' ({{lang|ta|கோடி}}) for ''crore'' when referring to money.{{Clarify|date=November 2016|reason=Is the word 'crore' used otherwise, for example, in demographics?}}
==Money==
The word ''crore'' derives from the [[Prakrit]] word ''kroḍi'', which in turn comes from the [[Sanskrit]] ''koṭi'',<ref>''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', 1st ed., 1893, ''s.v.'' 'crore'</ref> denoting ten million in the Indian numbering system, which has separate terms for most powers of ten from 10<sup>0</sup> up to 10<sup>19</sup>. The ''crore'' is known by various regional names.
Large amounts of money in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan are often written in terms of ''crore''. For example 150,000,000 (one hundred and fifty million) rupees is written as "fifteen ''crore'' [[rupee]]s", "{{INR}} 15&nbsp;crore".<ref name="nroer" /> In the abbreviated form, usage such as "{{INR}} 15 cr" is common.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Posamentier |first1=Alfred S. |last2=Poole |first2=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FmPcDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA478 |title=Understanding Mathematics Through Problem Solving |date=2020-03-23 |publisher=World Scientific |isbn=978-981-4663-69-4 }}</ref>


==In South Asian languages==
[[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|Trillions]] (in the [[long and short scales|short scale]]) of money are often written or spoken of in terms of ''lakh crore''. For example, ''one trillion rupees'' is equivalent to:
{{See also|Languages of South Asia|Languages of India|Languages of Bangladesh|Languages of Pakistan|Languages of Nepal|Languages of Sri Lanka}}
*[[Assamese language|Assamese]]: {{lang|as|কোটি}} ''kûti'', {{lang|as|কৌটি}} ''kouti''
*[[Bengali language|Bengali]]: {{lang|bn|কোটি}} ''ko̊ŧi''
*[[Hindi language|Hindi]]: {{lang|hi|करोड़}} ''karoṛ''
*[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]: {{lang|gu|કરોડ}} ''karoḍ''
*[[Kannada language|Kannada]]: {{lang|kn|ಕೋಟಿ}} ''koṭi''
*[[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]: {{lang|ks|{{uninastaliq|کَرور}}}} ''karōr'' or {{lang|ks|{{uninastaliq|کۄرور}}}} ''kọrōr''
*[[Khasi language|Khasi]]: ''klur'' or ''krur''
*[[Konkani language|Konkani]]: {{lang|kn|कोटि}} ''koṭi'' or {{lang|kn|करोड}} ''karod''
*[[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]: {{lang|ml|കോടി}} ''koḍi'' (often written ''kodi'')
*[[Marathi language|Marathi]]: {{lang|mr|कोटि}} ''koṭi''
*[[Nepali language|Nepali]]: करोड karoḍ
*[[Odia language|Odia]]: କୋଟି ''koṭi''
*[[Pāli]]: ''koṭi''
*[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: {{lang|pa|{{Nastaliq|کروڑ}}}} - {{lang|pa|ਕਰੋੜ}} ''karoṛ'' (often written ''karor'')
*[[Sanskrit]]:कोटयः ''kautayaɦ'' (singular-कोटि ''kauti'')
*[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]: {{lang|sd|ڪروڙ}} ''{{transl|sd|kiroṛu}}''
*[[Sinhala language|Sinhala]]: {{lang|si|කෝටිය}} ''koṭiya''
*[[Tamil language|Tamil]]: {{lang|ta|கோடி}} ''kōdi [<nowiki/>[[Tamil numerals]]]''
*[[Telugu language|Telugu]]: {{lang|te|కోటి}} ''kōṭi''
*[[Urdu language|Urdu]]: {{lang|ur|کروڑ}} ''karoṛ''


==In other languages==
* {{Indian Rupees}}1&nbsp;lakh crore
*[[Burmese language|Burmese]]: {{my|ကုဋေ}} {{IPA-my|ɡədè|}} (increasingly archaic)
* {{Indian Rupees}}10<sup>12</sup>
*[[Chinese language|Chinese]]: {{lang|zh-hant|克若}} or {{lang|zh-hans|克若}} ''kèruò''; {{lang|zh|俱胝}} ''jùzhī'' in [[Chinese Buddhist]] texts, but {{lang|zh-hant|一千萬}} or {{lang|zh-hans|一千万}} ''yī qiānwàn'' ("a thousand [[myriad]]") is used in ordinary contexts
* {{Indian Rupees}}10,00,00,00,00,000 in [[Indian numbering system#Decimal formatting|Indian notation]]
*[[Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]]: ''katâ / kata-katâ''
* {{Indian Rupees}}1,000,000,000,000 in metric notation
*[[Pashto language|Pashto]]: {{lang|ps|کروړ}} ''korur''
*{{lang-fa|کرور}} Krur / Korur
*[[Filipino language|Tagalog]]: ''karora'' (archaic usage, also ''kotiha'' or ''kotiya''). ''Sampúng milyón'' is normally used.
*[[Rohingya language|Rohingya]]: ''kurul''
*[[Thai language|Thai]]: {{lang|th|โกฏิ}} ''kot or kot̩i'' (from Pali ''koti'', obsolete)


==See also==
== See also ==
<!-- PLEASE RESPECT ALPHABETICAL ORDER -->
{{Wiktionary|crore}}
{{div col}}
<!-- PLEASE RESPECT ALPHABETICAL ORDER. -->
* [[English numerals]]
* [[Hebdo-]]
* [[Hebdo-]]
* [[Lakh]]
* [[Myriad]] (10,000)
* [[Myriad]] (10,000)
* [[Names of large numbers]]
* [[Names of large numbers]]
* [[Names of numbers in English]]
{{end div col}}
* [[Bollywood 100 Crore Club]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Sources==
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Crore}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Crore}}
{{Reflist}}
* {{Merriam-Webster|Crore}}
<!-- above refs give only basic information; need more refs -->


[[Category:Customary units in India]]
[[Category:Hindi words and phrases]]
[[Category:Powers of ten]]
[[Category:Units of amount]]
[[Category:Units of amount]]
[[Category:Powers of ten]]
[[Category:Urdu words and phrases]]
[[Category:Hindi words and phrases]]
[[Category:Nepali words and phrases]]
[[Category:Urdu-language words and phrases]]
[[Category:Customary units in India]]

Latest revision as of 00:10, 28 April 2026



Crore (/krɔːr/; abbreviated cr) denotes the quantity ten million (107) and is equal to 100 lakh in the Indian numbering system. In many international contexts, the decimal quantity is formatted as 10,000,000, but when used in the context of the Indian numbering system, the quantity is usually formatted 1,00,00,000.[1]

Crore is widely used both in official and other contexts in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan. The next named numbers after it are arab (i.e. a billion), and kharab (i.e. a trillion), although they are not widely used in the modern-day Indian subcontinent.

Etymology and regional variants[edit | edit source]

The word crore derives from the Prakrit word kroḍi, which in turn comes from the Sanskrit koṭi (कोटि),[2] denoting ten million in the Indian number system, which has separate terms for most powers of ten from 100 up to 1019.

By language

Money[edit | edit source]

Large amounts of money in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan are often written in terms of crore. For example 150,000,000 (one hundred and fifty million) rupees is written as "fifteen crore rupees", "₹ 15 crore".[1] In the abbreviated form, usage such as "₹ 15 cr" is common.[3]

Trillions (in the short scale) of money are often written or spoken of in terms of lakh crore. For example, one trillion rupees is equivalent to:

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Knowing our Numbers". Department of School Education And Literacy. National Repository of Open Educational Resources. Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
  2. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary, 1st ed., 1893, s.v. 'crore'
  3. ↑ Posamentier, Alfred S.; Poole, Peter (23 March 2020). Understanding Mathematics Through Problem Solving. World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-4663-69-4.

Sources[edit | edit source]

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