Nilgiri-class frigate (2019): Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 09:29, 22 March 2026

The Nilgiri-class frigates, formally classified as the Project-17 Alpha frigates (P-17A), are a series of multi-mission^[1] stealth guided-missile frigates currently being built by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders (MDL) and Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) for the Indian Navy (IN).^[2]^[3]

Designed by the Warship Design Bureau, the class is intended to serve as a complement to the currently-serving -class frigates (P-17) with improved design portfolios, such as low radar cross-section (RCS) and reduced infrared signature.^[4]^[5]

With a total of seven vessels, the construction of the frigates are currently divided between MDL and GRSE.^[2]^[3] As of 2024, all seven frigates have been launched and are intended to enter service with the IN between 2024 and 2027.^[6] The frigates will form a part of the Eastern Fleet as well as the future Carrier Battle Group (CBG) of INS Vikrant.^[7]^[8]

Upon entering service, the class is to be complemented by an additional series of seven or eight frigates, under the codename the Project-17B series.^[9]^[10]

Design[edit | edit source]

Development[edit | edit source]

An animated depiction of the *Nilgiri*-class frigate, showing its starboard.

The frigates were designed by the Warship Design Bureau (formerly Directorate of Naval Design).^[11]

The class' design was finalised by the DND in 2013; it was later unveiled to the public in April 2018, when MDL displayed a scale model of the frigate at the DefExpo 2018 military exhibition, held at Chennai, India.^[12] The P17A ships are geo-symmetrically larger by 4.54 % vis-à-vis P17, or the Shivalik-class frigates,^[13] and also features 75% indigenous content.^[14]

On 5 September 2018, Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders (MDL) and Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) awarded Bharat Electronics (BEL) with a ₹9,200 crore (equivalent to ₹99 billion or US$1.4 billion in 2019) contract to supply seven Barak 8 LR-SAM air defence systems for Nilgiri-class frigates. In October 2018, Bharat Electronics signed a $777 million deal with Israel Aerospace Industries to help fulfil the Barak-8 order.^[15]^[16]

On 28 November 2023, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) received a contract worth ₹2,956.89 crore (US$410 million) to manufacture 16 Upgraded Super Rapid Gun Mounts (SRGMs) or Strales Systems for in-service ships as well as the under construction Nilgiri-class frigates.^[17]^[18]

The state-owned firm Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) is supplying around 4,000 tonnes of steel for each of these ships. The steel is being manufactured in Bokaro, Bhilai, and Rourkela plants.^[14]

Features[edit | edit source]

Stealth[edit | edit source]

The frigate's design incorporates a significant degree of stealth and low radar-observability – through the utility of composite materials, radar-absorbent coatings and low-observable/radar-transparent technologies; the usage of the aforementioned materials assists the vessel in maintaining a low radar cross-section (RCS).^[19]

The vessel's physical profile also features a substantial level of stealth through the application of different physical forms – including an enclosed mooring deck, flush deck-mounted weapon systems and a reduced number of antennae.^[20]

The frigate's infrared signature, most specifically emissions from its propulsion exhaust and power generation machinery, are reduced through the application of Venturi effect and fluid injection, which helps to reduce the plume and hot metal temperatures of exhaust.^[21] To maintain acoustic silence, the frigate is equipped with propellers designed to have onset of cavitation at higher speeds to reduce hydrodynamic noise.^[21] In addition to the propellers, the vessel's hull also features special acoustic enclosures for some of the machinery to reduce the emission air-borne noise.^[21]

Modular profile[edit | edit source]

The P-17A frigates are the first major class of Indian-designed warships to be built using the methodology of integrated modular construction – a manufacturing process in which multiple modules (or "blocks") of a vessel's hull are pre-assembled/pre-outfitted independently, before being aggregated for final assembly.^[22]

In December 2015, MDL contracted Fincantieri S.p.A. to provide technical assistance and essential expertise in the construction of the seven frigates using the "modular construction" methodology.^[23]^[24]

Naming[edit | edit source]

The P-17A frigates were named after the former--class frigates, which served in the IN between 1972 and 2013; the first six ships of the series were allotted the names utilised by the older class, namely – Nilgiri, Himgiri, Taragiri, Udaygiri, Dunagiri, and Vindhyagiri.^[25] The seventh and final vessel of the P-17A series, which did not have a namesake from the older class, was given the new name of Mahendragiri. The ships are given names of mountain ranges in India.^[26]

Instrumentation[edit | edit source]

Armament[edit | edit source]

Anti-surface warfare[edit | edit source]

As part of its anti-surface warfare (ASuW) capabilities, the class features eight VLS-launched BrahMos anti-ship cruise missiles, capable of speeds of up to Mach 3.^[27] The BrahMos is widely regarded as one of the most formidable anti-ship missiles currently in service, given the missile's extreme versatility and manoeuvrability.^[28]

The vessels are equipped with one upgraded OTO Melara 76 mm naval gun for anti-missile/anti-aircraft roles. The upgraded guns manufactured by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) features the Strales system with DART ammunition firing capability.^[29]^[30] However, INS Udaygiri features the original, older Compact variant of the gun as noted during its commissioning.^[14]

Originally, there were plans to install the Mk 45 127 mm (5 in) naval gun, manufactured by BAE; however, this plan was later scrapped in 2021 on account of financial constraints.^[31]

Anti-air warfare[edit | edit source]

As part of its anti-air warfare (AAW) capabilities, the class features thirty-two Barak 8 surface-to-air missiles, with eight missiles present in four 2×4 VLS configurations – with two placed at the bow and two placed aft.^[32]

The LR-SAM is an extended-range variant of the original Barak 8 and is designed to neutralize various aerial threats, including fighter aircraft, helicopters, anti-ship missiles, cruise missiles, ballistic missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). This variant has a range of about 100 km (62 mi).^[33]

The ships are also equipped with two AK-630 each for close-in weapon system (CIWS) roles as well as multiple OFT-manufactured 12.7 mm M2 Stabilized Remote Controlled Gun.^[14]

Anti-submarine warfare[edit | edit source]

As part of its anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities, the class features two 324 mm triple-tube lightweight torpedo launchers for firing TAL Shyena torpedoes.^{[citation needed]}

The class also features two RBU-6000 (RPK-8) anti-submarine rocket launchers, capable of firing ASW projectiles to depths of up to 1,000 m (3,280 ft 10 in).^[34] The launchers, designated Indigenous Rocket Launchers, have been manufactured indigenously by Larsen & Toubro.^[14]

Decoys[edit | edit source]

During the class' unveiling in 2018, the frigate's design was noted to possess two anti-torpedo decoy systems and four decoy launchers – which presumably may be the NSTL Maareech torpedo-countermeasure system and the Kavach anti-missile decoy launchers, respectively.^[35]^[36]

Aviation facilities[edit | edit source]

An animation of helicopter landing on frigate.

As part of its aviation facilities, the class is equipped with a flight-deck and an enclosed aviation hangar, capable of accommodating a single naval helicopter – most likely the ALH Dhruv MK-III maritime-reconnaissance helicopters, or the Westland Sea King Mk. 42B ASW/ASuW helicopters – both of which are operated by the Indian Naval Air Arm.^[37]

Sensors[edit | edit source]

Radar[edit | edit source]

The class features the EL/M-2248 MF-STAR active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar as its primary radar suite.^[38] The EL/M-2248 is a multi-function, phased-array radar system featuring an azimuth of 360^o, with the capability to track both aerial and surface targets, at a range of over 450 km (280 mi).^[39]

The class also features the Indra LTR-25 'Lanza' surface-search radar, as its secondary radar suite.^[40] The LTR-25 is a solid-state, three-dimensional (3D), long-range radar capable of operating in a dense electronic environment and features a range of over 250 nmi (460 km; 290 mi), with the capability to track various aerial targets – including fighter aircraft and ballistic missiles.^[41]

The frigates are also equipped with an advanced combat management system, classified as "CMS-17A", which is reportedly equipped with sophisticated data links for high, efficient interoperability with other naval vessels.^[42]

Sonar[edit | edit source]

The class is equipped with the BEL HUMSA-NG sonar, developed by the DRDO. The HUMSA-NG is a hull mounted "active cum passive" integrated sonar system capable of detecting, localizing, classifying and tracking sub-surface targets in both active and passive modes.^[43]^[44]

Electronic warfare[edit | edit source]

The frigates feature the Shakti electronic warfare (EW) suite – developed by the Defence Electronics Research Laboratory (DLRL), for defense against anti-ship missiles and for the interception, detection, classification, identification and jamming of conventional radars.^[45] Shakti is equipped with wide-band electronic-support measures (ESM), electronic countermeasures (ECM), an integrated "Radar Finger Printing System (RFPS)" and a data-recording replay feature for "post-mission analysis".^[46]^[47]

Propulsion[edit | edit source]

Each frigate is powered by two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines – manufactured by GE Aviation and two MAN 12V28/33D STC four-stroke engines – manufactured by MAN Diesel & Turbo, arranged in a combined diesel and gas (CODAG) propulsion configuration.^[48]

In December 2016, the IN contracted GE Aviation to supply fourteen LM2500 gas turbines for the seven frigates, which were license-assembled in India by the Industrial & Marine Gas Turbine Division (IMGT) of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).^[49] Under the deal, HAL was additionally sanctioned to provide comprehensive services – including the supply of spare parts, maintenance inspections and equipment overhauls.^[50]

At the time of the order, HAL had already delivered eleven LM2500 turbines to the IN; the turbines are specifically used on multiple Indian warships, most notably on the Shivalik-class frigates.^[51]

In February 2019, MDL contracted GE to supply an assortment of auxiliary equipment to the IN to support the fourteen engines; under the agreement, GE also handled the design work of the frigate's auxiliary system and its fuel supply system.^[52]

In May 2016, the IN contracted MAN Diesel & Turbo to supply fourteen MAN 12V28/33D STC four-stroke engines for the seven frigates; under the deal, the requisite parts needed for the engines were sourced from India, while the engines' final assembly and testing were conducted at MAN's facility in Aurangabad, India.^[53]

History[edit | edit source]

Background[edit | edit source]

On 19 June 2009, the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) — the main acquisition panel subordinate to India's Ministry of Defence (MoD) and chaired by the then Defence Minister of India A. K. Antony — cleared a proposal for the procurement of seven stealth frigates at a cost of ₹45,000 crore (equivalent to ₹910 billion or US$13 billion in 2019) under the designation Project 17A, as an advanced variant of -class frigates. The ships were to be constructed by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders (MDL), Mumbai and Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata. The DAC also rejected the Navy's proposal of building two of the warships abroad. The construction of the warships will incorporate modular shipbuilding where 300-tonne prefabricated blocks would be put together similar to the construction style of INS Vikrant. Earlier, on 4 December 2006,^[54] the Navy had sent out a pre-tender Request for Information (RFI) to French DCNS, Italian Fincantieri, American firms Lockheed Martin and Northrop Grumman besides shipyards in Russia and Korea for the construction of the first two ships by one of the foreign shipyards so as to ensure the timely absorption of the technology by the Indian shipyards. The project is expected to start in 2011 after both MDL and GRSE completes an upgrade to allow the modular construction. The deliveries were to begin 3–4 years after start of construction. All the firgates are to be inducted by 2022.^[55]

As reported on 5 August 2013, the design of the Project 17A frigates along with Project 15B destroyers (now, -class destroyers) were completed by the Directorate of Naval Design (DND) of the Indian Navy. Additionally, the cost negotiations for the construction of the seven vessels had been completed. As part of the project, MDL and GRSE will construct four and three frigates, respectively. Now, the Navy was awaiting clearance from the government.^[56]

On 18 February 2015, the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) — India's top decision-making institution on matters related to defense and national security chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi — green-lighted the proposal for the Project 17A frigates at a cost of ₹45,381 crore (equivalent to ₹550 billion or US$7.7 billion in 2019). The contract would be signed in the same month with an initial payment of ₹4,000 crore (equivalent to ₹49 billion or US$680 million in 2019). The project is the follow-on of the Shivalik-class or Project 17 frigates and the first ship by each the shipyards is expected to be delivered in 2022.^[57]^[58]

Construction[edit | edit source]

Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers[edit | edit source]

The sea trials of INS *Himgiri*, the first ship of the batch being built by GRSE.

On 20 February 2015, the Indian Navy signed the contract with the Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), a Kolkata-based public-sector shipyard, to build three frigates under Project 17 Alpha at an estimated cost of ₹19,294 crore (equivalent to ₹230 billion or US$3.3 billion in 2019).^[59] According to the terms of the contract, GRSE is slated to deliver the three frigates in 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.^[60] The frigates would be constructed with "Integrated Construction Methodology" in partnership with Italy's Fincantieri.^[61] In preparation for the order, GRSE re-augmented its infrastructure by establishing newer, modular shipyards along with a Goliath gantry crane, meant for enabling the construction of the frigates in a short time frame.^[62]

A significant proportion of the hull's blocks needed for the vessel's construction was procured from smaller shipyards and metal fabrication shops in and around Kolkata, while the construction/fabrication of additional infrastructure was done at GRSE's Rajabagan shipyard.^[63]

Construction reached a hiatus in April 2018, when the shipyard's Goliath crane, having failed to withstand strong cyclonic winds which had been travelling at around 100 km/h (62 mph).^[64] The accident rendered the crane permanently inoperable, whilst the module hall - which was to have fabricated the modular blocks for the future frigates, was rendered unusable.^[65] However, no damage was reported to have been inflicted on the vessels that were being built by the shipyard, according to representatives from the IN and GRSE.^[66]

The mishap forced GRSE to modify the project's timeline, by prioritizing the construction of the modular blocks at its other facilities, rather resuming constructing post-repairs to the shipyard.^[67] With the loss of the crane, GRSE resorted to building smaller 50 t and 100 t blocks (instead of the regular 250 t blocks) with the shipyard’s smaller cranes.^[68] In 2021, GRSE installed a Goliath crane that had purchased from South Korea, with a lifting capacity of 250 t, thus resuming regular construction operations.^[69]

The construction of the first frigate began in November 2018, while work on the second and third frigates began in January 2020 and March 2021, respectively.^[70] The first of the three frigates, Himgiri, was launched on 14 December 2020, with its delivery slated to occur in August 2023.^[71]^[72] The second frigate, Dunagiri, was launched on 15 June 2022, with its delivery expected in 2024.^[73] The final frigate, Vindhyagiri, was launched in August 2023.^[74]^[75]

On 3 March 2025, GRSE completed the Contractor Sea Trials (CST) of INS Himgiri was completed by GRSE along with INS Androth. As per a press release, "CST is considered the final stage of construction, when a vessel’s seaworthiness is tested".^[76]

Himgiri was delivered to the Indian Navy on 31 July 2025^[77] and was commissioned simultaneously with MDL's Udaygiri on 26 August 2025.^[78]^[79]

Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited[edit | edit source]

INS *Udaygiri*, the second ship from MDL, during sea trials

In February 2015, the IN contracted Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), a Mumbai-based public-sector shipyard, to build four P-17A frigates at an estimated cost of over ₹21,000 crore.^[80]^[81] According to the terms of the contract, MDL is to deliver the four frigates in 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.^[82]

The four frigates were built at different locations, namely, at MDL's main shipbuilding facility in Mumbai, at MDL's subordinate facility in Nhava, at a smaller shipbuilding facility also operated by MDL in Mumbai, at an MSE shipyard in Gujarat and at another shipyard in Goa.^[83] Similarly to GRSE, MDL also upgraded its existing infrastructure; the shipyard augmenting its existing facilities with newer equipment, including a "Goliath" gantry crane, a module workshop, a wet basin and a "cradle assembly" shop, meant to facilitate modular construction.^[84]

The construction of the first frigate began in December 2017, while work on the second, third and fourth frigates began in May 2019, September 2020 and June 2022, respectively.^[85]^[86] The first of the four frigates, Nilgiri, was launched on 28 September 2019, and began its sea trials five years later, in August 2024.^[87] The second frigate, Udaygiri, was launched on 17 May 2022, in a ceremony coinciding with the launch of INS Surat, a -class destroyer.^[88] The third frigate, Taragiri, was launched on 11 September 2022, and is scheduled to be delivered by 2025.^[89]

Nilgiri was commissioned into the Indian Navy service on 15 January 2025.^[90] The second ship, Udaygiri, was delivered to the Indian Navy on 1 July 2025^[91]^[13] and was commissioned simultaneously with GRSE's Himgiri on 26 August 2025.^[78]^[79]

The third ship, Taragiri, was delivered to the Indian Navy on 28 November 2025.^[92]

Ships in the class[edit | edit source]


Name	Pennant	Yard Number	Builder	Laid Down	Launched	Commissioning	Status
Indian Navy
Nilgiri	F33	12651	Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL)	28 December 2017^[93]	28 September 2019^[94]^[95]	15 January 2025^[90]	Active
Udaygiri	F35	12652		7 May 2019^[96]	17 May 2022^[97]^[98]	26 August 2025^[78]	Active
Taragiri	F41	12653		10 September 2020^[99]	11 September 2022^[100]	3 April 2026^[101]	Delivered^[92]
Mahendragiri	F38	12654		28 June 2022^[102]	1 September 2023^[103]^[104]^[105]	Q1 2026^[106]	Launched
Himgiri	F34	3022	Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE)	10 November 2018^[107]	14 December 2020^[71]^[72]	26 August 2025^[78]	Active
Dunagiri	F36	3023		24 January 2020^[108]	15 July 2022^[109]^[73]	Q1 2026^[110]	Launched
Vindhyagiri	F42	3024		5 March 2021^[111]	17 August 2023^[74]	Q3 2026^[110]	Launched

either scheduled or estimated dates

Export[edit | edit source]

In August 2024, the Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders offered to the Brazilian Navy, the project for a joint construction of up to six Project-17 Alpha frigates, to attend the requirement of Brazil for a new class of 6,000 tons vessels, to operate in conjunction with the newest Tamandaré-class frigates.^[112]^[113]

Gallery[edit | edit source]

The launch of INS Nilgiri, the lead vessel of the class.
INS Nilgiri during commissioning ceremony
Udaygiri during sea trials
INS Udaygiri during commissioning ceremony in July 2025
INS Taragiri top view

References[edit | edit source]

↑ @IN_HQENC (8 September 2025). "Multi-Mission stealth frigates..." (Tweet). Retrieved 9 September 2025 – via Twitter.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited – Products – Naval Ships". mazagondock.in.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 "Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd. – Product Profile – Frigate". grse.in.
↑ "LAUNCH OF Y3024 (VINDHYAGIRI) ON 17 AUGUST 2023". pib.gov.in. 13 August 2023.
↑ Sengupta, Prasan K. (September 2012). "CCNS finally kickstarts Indian Navy's Project 17A". ForceIndia.com. Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
↑ Mohanan, Kalesh (April–June 2012). "Indigenous Warship Building". Indian Defence Review. Vol. 27, no. 2.
↑ Bhattacharjee, Sumit (4 December 2021). "Eastern Fleet will have Carrier Battle Group: Vice Admiral". The Hindu.
↑ "INS Nilgiri joins Eastern Naval Commamd in Visakhapatnam". The Hindu. 22 June 2025. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 22 June 2025.
↑ Pubby, Manu (18 July 2024). "Mazagon, Garden Reach Shipbuilders lead race for Defence Ministry's ₹70,000 crore warships order". The Economic Times. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
↑ Menon, Adithya Krishna (13 August 2023). "India Proceeds with New Submarines, Surface Ships Development". Naval News. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
↑ "Project 17-A Nilgiri-Class Frigates". naval-technology.com. 10 October 2019.
↑ "P-17A Frigate Unveiled". c4defence.com. 26 April 2018.
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 "Project 17A Indigenous Stealth Frigate Udaygiri delivered to Indian Navy". Press Information Bureau. 1 July 2025. Retrieved 1 July 2025.
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 ^14.4 Menon, Adithya Krishna (27 August 2025). "Indian Navy inducts two more Nilgiri-class frigates to Eastern Fleet". Naval News. Retrieved 28 August 2025.
↑ "BEL Order Book Crosses 50,000 Crore landmark". Press Information Bureau. 5 September 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
↑ Dominguez, Gabriel (24 October 2018). "IAI wins USD777 million contract to supply additional Barak-8 LRSAM systems for Indian Navy". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018.
↑ "Defence ministry inks Rs 2,956 cr contract with BHEL to procure 16 super rapid gun mount for Navy". The Economic Times. 28 November 2023. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 18 January 2025.
↑ Staff, Naval News (29 November 2023). "India procures 16 Upgraded Super Rapid Naval Gun Systems for Indian Navy". Naval News. Retrieved 18 January 2025.
↑ "India's second Project P17A Nilgiri-class guided missile frigate launched". asiapacificdefensejournal.com. 31 December 2020.
↑ "INS 'Himgiri', Indian Navy's advanced P17A-class stealth frigate, launched at GRSE yard – here's all you need to know". freepressjournal.com. 14 December 2020.
↑ ^21.0 ^21.1 ^21.2 "MDL Augmented To Build 11 Submarines And 10 Ships at Any Given Time: R-Admiral AK Saxena, Director, Mazagon Dock". businessworld.com. 31 October 2020.
↑ "Indian Navy's Project 17A Stealth Frigate Launched". defenseworld.net. 14 December 2020.
↑ "Fincantieri To Collaborate with the Indian Shipyards MDL and GRSE for the Navy's Frigates". fincantieri.com. 21 December 2015.
↑ "Mazagon Dock Teams Up With Italian Fincantieri To Build Stealth Frigates For Indian Navy". defenseworld.net. 24 March 2016.
↑ "Navy to name 7th frigate in P17A series as 'Mahendragiri'". theweek.in. 4 April 2020.
↑ "Indian Navy to name 7th frigate in P17A series as 'Mahendragiri'". economictimes.indiatimes.com. 23 September 2019.
↑ "'Indigenously designed' BrahMos to equip Talwar-class frigates". business-standard.com. 1 December 2018.
↑ "Bullseye: The 5 Most Deadly Anti-Ship Missiles of All Time". nationalinterest.com. 13 March 2015.
↑ "Defence and Aerospace | Official Website of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, New Delhi, India". www.bhel.com. Archived from the original on 30 September 2022. Retrieved 18 January 2025.
↑ Menon, Adithya Krishna (15 January 2025). "Indian Navy Inducts New Destroyer, Frigate and Submarine". Naval News. Retrieved 18 January 2025.
↑ "Navy to scrap plans to procure guns from US, considering 'Make in India' route now". theprint.in. 2 August 2021.
↑ "Indo-Israeli Barak 8 missile: Indian Navy to test long-range SAM soon". economictimes.indiatimes.com. 14 July 2018.
↑ "Indian Navy successfully tests Barak 8 interceptor missile: All you need to know". indiatoday.in. 30 December 2015.
↑ "India Reveals P-17A Configuration". indiandefensenews.in. 27 April 2018.
↑ "India Revealed P-17A Frigate Configuration At Defexpo 2018". worldnavalnews.com. 30 November 2018.
↑ Menon, Adithya Krishna (29 August 2024). "India's First P17A Nilgiri-class Frigate Starts Sea Trials". Naval News. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
↑ "Very Significant About The P-17A Frigates – Sandeep Unnithan". 17 September 2019 – via Twitter.
↑ "Indian launches new Project 17A class frigates". guardingindia.com. 14 December 2020.
↑ "ELM-2248 MF-STAR Multi-Function Digital AESA Radar". iai.co.il.
↑ "Kolkata shipbuilder to launch high-tech stealth warship next week". theweek.in. 11 December 2020.
↑ "Lanza Radar LTR-25" (PDF). indracompany.com.
↑ "Project 17 A: Know about ambitious project to indigenously build advanced stealth frigates". financialexpress.com. 20 September 2019.
↑ "HUMSA NG". drdo.gov.in.
↑ "Fortifying Fleet: Significance of Nilgiri Class Frigates in Indian Naval Defence". Bharat Shakti. 2 July 2024. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
↑ "SHAKTI". vajiramias.com. 29 November 2019.
↑ "Prime Minister to Formally Handover DRDO Designed and Developed Advanced Electronic Warfare Suite 'Shakti' for Indian Naval Ships to Chief of Naval Staff". pib.gov.in. 18 November 2021.
↑ "PM Modi to handover DRDO designed advanced electronic warfare suite to Navy today". aninews.in. 19 November 2021.
↑ "Nilgiri-Class (Project 17A) Frigates". naval-technology.com. 17 December 2020.
↑ "LM2500 marine gas turbines to power Indian Navy's P17A stealth frigate". navaltoday.com. 8 December 2016.
↑ "GE Marine to provide LM2500 gas turbines for Indian Navy". turbomachinerymag.com. 1 January 2017.
↑ "LM 2500". hal-india.com.
↑ "GE to Supply LM2500 Gas Turbine Auxiliary Equipment for Indian Navy's P17A Frigates". seapowermagazine.org. 8 February 2022.
↑ "Indian Navy Orders MAN Medium Diesel Engines For Stealth Frigates". defenseworld.net. 18 May 2016.
↑ "Indian Navy on modernisation drive, to build stealth frigates". India Today. 4 December 2006. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
↑ "Navy seals 45,000-cr deal: seven warships". The Indian Express. 20 June 2009. Archived from the original on 21 July 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
↑ "Navy designs India's largest ever ship, focuses on stealth and futuristic frigates". India Today. 5 August 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
↑ Shukla, Ajai (18 February 2015). "Rs 50k-cr naval project gets Cabinet nod". Business Standard. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
↑ "Government approves construction of seven stealth frigates, 6 nuclear-powered submarines". The Times of India. 18 February 2015.
↑ admin (22 April 2015). "GRSE wins $3.17bn Indian Navy contract to build three new stealth frigates". Naval Technology. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
↑ "GRSE Wins $3.1 Billion Indian Navy's Frigate Order". www.defensemirror.com. 23 April 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
↑ "Frigate - Official website of Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited - A Government of India undertaking, Ministry of Defence". grse.in. Archived from the original on 21 July 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2025.
↑ "India finalizing mega stealth frigates' project for over Rs 50,000 crore". The Times of India. 9 July 2012.
↑ "First GRSE-built frigate enters water". janes.com. 15 December 2020.
↑ "Accident at PSU ship-builder GRSE hits operations, company says work not affected". milleniumpost.in. 2 May 2018.
↑ "Accident at PSU ship-builder GRSE hits operations, company says work not affected". business-standard.com. 2 May 2018.
↑ "Accident at PSU ship-builder GRSE hits operations, company says work not affected". bharatdefencekavach.com. 2 May 2018.
↑ "Exclusive : Despite Major Shipyard Mishap, New Frigates To Be Delivered On Time". ndtv.com. 9 May 2018.
↑ "Crane collapse at GRSE may hurt warship work". thehindubusinessline.com. 1 May 2018.
↑ "GRSE Commissioned New 250 Ton Goliath Crane". aeromagonline.com. 22 June 2021.
↑ "GRSE Starts Construction of Their First P17A Frigate for the Indian Navy". navyrecognition.com. 13 November 2018.
↑ ^71.0 ^71.1 "Launch of 2nd Project 17A Ship 'Himgiri'" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 14 December 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
↑ ^72.0 ^72.1 "GRSE-built stealth frigate Himgiri launched; General Bipin Rawat calls it a 'historic moment'". Deccan Herald. 14 December 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
↑ ^73.0 ^73.1 "Raksha Mantri launches Y3023 Dunagiri, Project 17A frigate at GRSE Ltd, Kolkata" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 15 July 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
↑ ^74.0 ^74.1 Vavasseur, Xavier (17 August 2023). "Indian Navy's 6th Nilgiri-class P17A Frigate Launched by GRSE". Naval News. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
↑ "Launch of Y3024 (Vindhyagiri)" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 17 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
↑ "GRSE completes Contractor Sea Trials of two warships simultaneously". Press Information Bureau. 17 March 2025. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
↑ @OfficialGRSE (31 July 2025). "GRSE Delivers its 801st Vessel—'Himgiri', an Advanced P17A Frigate to Indian Navy" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
↑ ^78.0 ^78.1 ^78.2 ^78.3 "Multi-mission stealth frigates - INS Udaygiri & INS Himgiri - commissioned into Indian Navy in the presence of Raksha Mantri in Vizag" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 26 August 2025. Retrieved 26 August 2025.
↑ ^79.0 ^79.1 "Maritime milestone: Indian Navy commissions INS Udaygiri and Himgiri; twin induction for first time". The Times of India. 26 August 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 26 August 2025.
↑ "Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited" (PDF). hdfcsec.com. 15 July 2021.
↑ "More than 180 contracts valued over Rs 1,96,000 crore signed with Indian Defense Industry since 2014". pib.gov.in. 5 December 2019.
↑ "A Tale of Two Navies: India and China's Current Carrier and Escort Procurement". thediplomat.com. 4 August 2021.
↑ "Making Waves" (PDF). maritimeindia.org. 31 October 2020.
↑ "Modernization and Security of Shipyards". pib.gov.in. 26 February 2016.
↑ "Construction Begins on Indian Navy's Third P17A Class Stealth Frigate". naval-technology.com. 11 September 2020. Archived from the original on 11 August 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
↑ "MDL commences production of Y-12654, fourth ship of P17A". freepressjournal.in. 30 January 2020. Archived from the original on 11 August 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.
↑ Team, IADN Editorial (25 August 2024). "INS Nilgiri Undergoes Sea-trials - IADN". - IADN. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
↑ "INS Surat, INS Udaygiri Ready To Protect India". rediff.com. 17 May 2022.
↑ "Third stealth frigate of project 17A 'Taragiri' launched". www.thehindu.com. 12 September 2022.
↑ ^90.0 ^90.1 "Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi dedicates frontline naval combatants INS Surat, INS Nilgiri & INS Vaghsheer to the nation". Press Information Bureau. 15 January 2025.
↑ @indiannavy (1 July 2025). "Udaygiri, the second warship of the Project P17A Nilgiri Class stealth frigates..." (Tweet). Retrieved 1 July 2025 – via Twitter.
↑ ^92.0 ^92.1 "Delivery of 'Taragiri', the fourth Nilgiri class (Project 17A) indigenous advanced stealth frigate" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 29 November 2025. Retrieved 29 November 2025.
↑ "Construction of P17A class stealth frigates begins". Mid Day. 29 December 2017. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017.
↑ "Rajnath Singh launches warship Nilgiri in Mumbai". The Times of India. Asian News international. 28 September 2019.
↑ "Indian Navy has launched first stealth P-17A Nilgiri-class frigate INS Nilgiri". navyrecognition.com. 29 September 2019.
↑ "Year End Review – 2019 Ministry of Defence". 27 December 2019. Keel laying ceremony of Yard 12652 (Second ship of Project 17A at M/s MDL) was held on 7 May at M/s MDL, Mumbai.
↑ "Rajnath Singh launches frontline warships INS Surat, INS Udaygiri". businesstoday.in/. 17 May 2022.
↑ "CURTAIN RAISER: LAUNCH OF YD 12707(SURAT) & YD 12652 (UDAYGIRI)". pib.gov.in. 17 May 2022.
↑ "Keel laid for the third stealth frigate of Project 17A". PIB. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
↑ "India Launches Stealth Frigate "Taragiri"". Retrieved 11 September 2022.
↑ Rana, Javier (15 March 2026). "India's latest homegrown stealth frigate INS Taragiri to join Navy next month". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 15 March 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ "KEEL LAYING – SEVENTH PROJECT 17A (P17A) SHIP". PIB. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
↑ "Warship Mahendragiri with advanced weapons, sensors launched: Top points". Livemint. 1 September 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
↑ @MazagonDockLtd (22 August 2023). "Let the countdown begin as we sail closer to the historic launch of the fourth frigate of P17A by #MDL" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
↑ "Indian Navy's stealth frigate Mahendragiri launched". Times of India. 1 September 2023.
↑ "Final Stealth Frigate INS Mahendragiri to boost Navy's edge in Indian Ocean with advanced firepower". 9 July 2025.
↑ Dominguez, Gabriel (14 November 2018). "GRSE lays keel for Indian Navy's second Project 17A frigate". IHS Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018.
↑ "Project 17A: GRSE starts building 2nd Advanced Stealth Frigate". psuwatch.com. 24 January 2020.
↑ "Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers – Q4FY21 – ICICI Securities". GRSE. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
↑ ^110.0 ^110.1 "GRSE Analyst meet-March 2024" (PDF). 21 March 2024.
↑ @OfficialGRSE (5 March 2021). "Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited (GRSE) achieved a major milestone with 'laying of the Keel' of Yard 3024 a ship of the Advanced Stealth Frigate Project, P 17A" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
↑ "La Marina de Brasil y la conexión India-Pakistán: tecnologías navales críticas compartidas". Infodefensa (in español). 23 August 2024.
↑ "El legado de la Clase Niterói: Brasil está a un paso de la botadura de la primera fragata clase Tamandaré". Infodefensa (in español). 19 July 2024.

External links[edit | edit source]

Project 17A frigate at Bharat-rakshak.com Archived 2 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine

[1] @IN_HQENC (8 September 2025). "Multi-Mission stealth frigates..." (Tweet). Retrieved 9 September 2025 – via Twitter.

[MDL-2] 2.0 ^2.1 "Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited – Products – Naval Ships". mazagondock.in.

[GRSE-3] 3.0 ^3.1 "Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd. – Product Profile – Frigate". grse.in.

[4] "LAUNCH OF Y3024 (VINDHYAGIRI) ON 17 AUGUST 2023". pib.gov.in. 13 August 2023.

[ForceIndia.com-5] Sengupta, Prasan K. (September 2012). "CCNS finally kickstarts Indian Navy's Project 17A". ForceIndia.com. Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.

[6] Mohanan, Kalesh (April–June 2012). "Indigenous Warship Building". Indian Defence Review. Vol. 27, no. 2.

[delh-rebase-7] Bhattacharjee, Sumit (4 December 2021). "Eastern Fleet will have Carrier Battle Group: Vice Admiral". The Hindu.

[8] "INS Nilgiri joins Eastern Naval Commamd in Visakhapatnam". The Hindu. 22 June 2025. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 22 June 2025.

[P-17B-9] Pubby, Manu (18 July 2024). "Mazagon, Garden Reach Shipbuilders lead race for Defence Ministry's ₹70,000 crore warships order". The Economic Times. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 26 August 2024.

[Follow-10] Menon, Adithya Krishna (13 August 2023). "India Proceeds with New Submarines, Surface Ships Development". Naval News. Retrieved 26 August 2024.

[11] "Project 17-A Nilgiri-Class Frigates". naval-technology.com. 10 October 2019.

[12] "P-17A Frigate Unveiled". c4defence.com. 26 April 2018.

[:32-13] 13.0 ^13.1 "Project 17A Indigenous Stealth Frigate Udaygiri delivered to Indian Navy". Press Information Bureau. 1 July 2025. Retrieved 1 July 2025.

[:9-14] 14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 ^14.4 Menon, Adithya Krishna (27 August 2025). "Indian Navy inducts two more Nilgiri-class frigates to Eastern Fleet". Naval News. Retrieved 28 August 2025.

[15] "BEL Order Book Crosses 50,000 Crore landmark". Press Information Bureau. 5 September 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2025.

[iai-bel-order2-16] Dominguez, Gabriel (24 October 2018). "IAI wins USD777 million contract to supply additional Barak-8 LRSAM systems for Indian Navy". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018.

[17] "Defence ministry inks Rs 2,956 cr contract with BHEL to procure 16 super rapid gun mount for Navy". The Economic Times. 28 November 2023. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 18 January 2025.

[18] Staff, Naval News (29 November 2023). "India procures 16 Upgraded Super Rapid Naval Gun Systems for Indian Navy". Naval News. Retrieved 18 January 2025.

[19] "India's second Project P17A Nilgiri-class guided missile frigate launched". asiapacificdefensejournal.com. 31 December 2020.

[20] "INS 'Himgiri', Indian Navy's advanced P17A-class stealth frigate, launched at GRSE yard – here's all you need to know". freepressjournal.com. 14 December 2020.

[MDL_P17A-21] 21.0 ^21.1 ^21.2 "MDL Augmented To Build 11 Submarines And 10 Ships at Any Given Time: R-Admiral AK Saxena, Director, Mazagon Dock". businessworld.com. 31 October 2020.

[22] "Indian Navy's Project 17A Stealth Frigate Launched". defenseworld.net. 14 December 2020.

[23] "Fincantieri To Collaborate with the Indian Shipyards MDL and GRSE for the Navy's Frigates". fincantieri.com. 21 December 2015.

[24] "Mazagon Dock Teams Up With Italian Fincantieri To Build Stealth Frigates For Indian Navy". defenseworld.net. 24 March 2016.

[25] "Navy to name 7th frigate in P17A series as 'Mahendragiri'". theweek.in. 4 April 2020.

[26] "Indian Navy to name 7th frigate in P17A series as 'Mahendragiri'". economictimes.indiatimes.com. 23 September 2019.

[27] "'Indigenously designed' BrahMos to equip Talwar-class frigates". business-standard.com. 1 December 2018.

[28] "Bullseye: The 5 Most Deadly Anti-Ship Missiles of All Time". nationalinterest.com. 13 March 2015.

[29] "Defence and Aerospace | Official Website of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, New Delhi, India". www.bhel.com. Archived from the original on 30 September 2022. Retrieved 18 January 2025.

[:0232-30] Menon, Adithya Krishna (15 January 2025). "Indian Navy Inducts New Destroyer, Frigate and Submarine". Naval News. Retrieved 18 January 2025.

[31] "Navy to scrap plans to procure guns from US, considering 'Make in India' route now". theprint.in. 2 August 2021.

[32] "Indo-Israeli Barak 8 missile: Indian Navy to test long-range SAM soon". economictimes.indiatimes.com. 14 July 2018.

[33] "Indian Navy successfully tests Barak 8 interceptor missile: All you need to know". indiatoday.in. 30 December 2015.

[34] "India Reveals P-17A Configuration". indiandefensenews.in. 27 April 2018.

[35] "India Revealed P-17A Frigate Configuration At Defexpo 2018". worldnavalnews.com. 30 November 2018.

[36] Menon, Adithya Krishna (29 August 2024). "India's First P17A Nilgiri-class Frigate Starts Sea Trials". Naval News. Retrieved 30 August 2024.

[37] "Very Significant About The P-17A Frigates – Sandeep Unnithan". 17 September 2019 – via Twitter.

[38] "Indian launches new Project 17A class frigates". guardingindia.com. 14 December 2020.

[39] "ELM-2248 MF-STAR Multi-Function Digital AESA Radar". iai.co.il.

[40] "Kolkata shipbuilder to launch high-tech stealth warship next week". theweek.in. 11 December 2020.

[41] "Lanza Radar LTR-25" (PDF). indracompany.com.

[42] "Project 17 A: Know about ambitious project to indigenously build advanced stealth frigates". financialexpress.com. 20 September 2019.

[43] "HUMSA NG". drdo.gov.in.

[44] "Fortifying Fleet: Significance of Nilgiri Class Frigates in Indian Naval Defence". Bharat Shakti. 2 July 2024. Retrieved 23 August 2024.

[45] "SHAKTI". vajiramias.com. 29 November 2019.

[46] "Prime Minister to Formally Handover DRDO Designed and Developed Advanced Electronic Warfare Suite 'Shakti' for Indian Naval Ships to Chief of Naval Staff". pib.gov.in. 18 November 2021.

[47] "PM Modi to handover DRDO designed advanced electronic warfare suite to Navy today". aninews.in. 19 November 2021.

[48] "Nilgiri-Class (Project 17A) Frigates". naval-technology.com. 17 December 2020.

[49] "LM2500 marine gas turbines to power Indian Navy's P17A stealth frigate". navaltoday.com. 8 December 2016.

[50] "GE Marine to provide LM2500 gas turbines for Indian Navy". turbomachinerymag.com. 1 January 2017.

[51] "LM 2500". hal-india.com.

[52] "GE to Supply LM2500 Gas Turbine Auxiliary Equipment for Indian Navy's P17A Frigates". seapowermagazine.org. 8 February 2022.

[53] "Indian Navy Orders MAN Medium Diesel Engines For Stealth Frigates". defenseworld.net. 18 May 2016.

[54] "Indian Navy on modernisation drive, to build stealth frigates". India Today. 4 December 2006. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

[55] "Navy seals 45,000-cr deal: seven warships". The Indian Express. 20 June 2009. Archived from the original on 21 July 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

[56] "Navy designs India's largest ever ship, focuses on stealth and futuristic frigates". India Today. 5 August 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

[:4-57] Shukla, Ajai (18 February 2015). "Rs 50k-cr naval project gets Cabinet nod". Business Standard. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

[58] "Government approves construction of seven stealth frigates, 6 nuclear-powered submarines". The Times of India. 18 February 2015.

[59] (22 April 2015). "GRSE wins $3.17bn Indian Navy contract to build three new stealth frigates". Naval Technology. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

[60] "GRSE Wins $3.1 Billion Indian Navy's Frigate Order". www.defensemirror.com. 23 April 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

[61] "Frigate - Official website of Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited - A Government of India undertaking, Ministry of Defence". grse.in. Archived from the original on 21 July 2025. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

[62] "India finalizing mega stealth frigates' project for over Rs 50,000 crore". The Times of India. 9 July 2012.

[63] "First GRSE-built frigate enters water". janes.com. 15 December 2020.

[64] "Accident at PSU ship-builder GRSE hits operations, company says work not affected". milleniumpost.in. 2 May 2018.

[65] "Accident at PSU ship-builder GRSE hits operations, company says work not affected". business-standard.com. 2 May 2018.

[66] "Accident at PSU ship-builder GRSE hits operations, company says work not affected". bharatdefencekavach.com. 2 May 2018.

[67] "Exclusive : Despite Major Shipyard Mishap, New Frigates To Be Delivered On Time". ndtv.com. 9 May 2018.

[68] "Crane collapse at GRSE may hurt warship work". thehindubusinessline.com. 1 May 2018.

[69] "GRSE Commissioned New 250 Ton Goliath Crane". aeromagonline.com. 22 June 2021.

[70] "GRSE Starts Construction of Their First P17A Frigate for the Indian Navy". navyrecognition.com. 13 November 2018.

[himgirilaunch-71] 71.0 ^71.1 "Launch of 2nd Project 17A Ship 'Himgiri'" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 14 December 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2025.

[:7-72] 72.0 ^72.1 "GRSE-built stealth frigate Himgiri launched; General Bipin Rawat calls it a 'historic moment'". Deccan Herald. 14 December 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2025.

[Dunagiri-73] 73.0 ^73.1 "Raksha Mantri launches Y3023 Dunagiri, Project 17A frigate at GRSE Ltd, Kolkata" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 15 July 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2025.

[:8-74] 74.0 ^74.1 Vavasseur, Xavier (17 August 2023). "Indian Navy's 6th Nilgiri-class P17A Frigate Launched by GRSE". Naval News. Retrieved 11 August 2025.

[75] "Launch of Y3024 (Vindhyagiri)" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 17 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2025.

[:3-76] "GRSE completes Contractor Sea Trials of two warships simultaneously". Press Information Bureau. 17 March 2025. Retrieved 19 March 2025.

[X-310725-77] @OfficialGRSE (31 July 2025). "GRSE Delivers its 801st Vessel—'Himgiri', an Advanced P17A Frigate to Indian Navy" (Tweet) – via Twitter.

[:5-78] 78.0 ^78.1 ^78.2 ^78.3 "Multi-mission stealth frigates - INS Udaygiri & INS Himgiri - commissioned into Indian Navy in the presence of Raksha Mantri in Vizag" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 26 August 2025. Retrieved 26 August 2025.

[:6-79] 79.0 ^79.1 "Maritime milestone: Indian Navy commissions INS Udaygiri and Himgiri; twin induction for first time". The Times of India. 26 August 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 26 August 2025.

[80] "Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited" (PDF). hdfcsec.com. 15 July 2021.

[81] "More than 180 contracts valued over Rs 1,96,000 crore signed with Indian Defense Industry since 2014". pib.gov.in. 5 December 2019.

[82] "A Tale of Two Navies: India and China's Current Carrier and Escort Procurement". thediplomat.com. 4 August 2021.

[83] "Making Waves" (PDF). maritimeindia.org. 31 October 2020.

[84] "Modernization and Security of Shipyards". pib.gov.in. 26 February 2016.

[85] "Construction Begins on Indian Navy's Third P17A Class Stealth Frigate". naval-technology.com. 11 September 2020. Archived from the original on 11 August 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.

[86] "MDL commences production of Y-12654, fourth ship of P17A". freepressjournal.in. 30 January 2020. Archived from the original on 11 August 2025. Retrieved 11 August 2025.

[:1-87] Team, IADN Editorial (25 August 2024). "INS Nilgiri Undergoes Sea-trials - IADN". - IADN. Retrieved 26 August 2024.

[88] "INS Surat, INS Udaygiri Ready To Protect India". rediff.com. 17 May 2022.

[89] "Third stealth frigate of project 17A 'Taragiri' launched". www.thehindu.com. 12 September 2022.

[:2-90] 90.0 ^90.1 "Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi dedicates frontline naval combatants INS Surat, INS Nilgiri & INS Vaghsheer to the nation". Press Information Bureau. 15 January 2025.

[TW-010725-91] @indiannavy (1 July 2025). "Udaygiri, the second warship of the Project P17A Nilgiri Class stealth frigates..." (Tweet). Retrieved 1 July 2025 – via Twitter.

[:10-92] 92.0 ^92.1 "Delivery of 'Taragiri', the fourth Nilgiri class (Project 17A) indigenous advanced stealth frigate" (Press release). Press Information Bureau. 29 November 2025. Retrieved 29 November 2025.

[mdl_p17a-93] "Construction of P17A class stealth frigates begins". Mid Day. 29 December 2017. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017.

[94] "Rajnath Singh launches warship Nilgiri in Mumbai". The Times of India. Asian News international. 28 September 2019.

[95] "Indian Navy has launched first stealth P-17A Nilgiri-class frigate INS Nilgiri". navyrecognition.com. 29 September 2019.

[mod-2019-review-report-96] "Year End Review – 2019 Ministry of Defence". 27 December 2019. Keel laying ceremony of Yard 12652 (Second ship of Project 17A at M/s MDL) was held on 7 May at M/s MDL, Mumbai.

[97] "Rajnath Singh launches frontline warships INS Surat, INS Udaygiri". businesstoday.in/. 17 May 2022.

[98] "CURTAIN RAISER: LAUNCH OF YD 12707(SURAT) & YD 12652 (UDAYGIRI)". pib.gov.in. 17 May 2022.

[99] "Keel laid for the third stealth frigate of Project 17A". PIB. Retrieved 10 September 2020.

[100] "India Launches Stealth Frigate "Taragiri"". Retrieved 11 September 2022.

[101] Rana, Javier (15 March 2026). "India's latest homegrown stealth frigate INS Taragiri to join Navy next month". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 15 March 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[102] "KEEL LAYING – SEVENTH PROJECT 17A (P17A) SHIP". PIB. Retrieved 28 June 2022.

[103] "Warship Mahendragiri with advanced weapons, sensors launched: Top points". Livemint. 1 September 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.

[104] @MazagonDockLtd (22 August 2023). "Let the countdown begin as we sail closer to the historic launch of the fourth frigate of P17A by #MDL" (Tweet) – via Twitter.

[105] "Indian Navy's stealth frigate Mahendragiri launched". Times of India. 1 September 2023.

[106] "Final Stealth Frigate INS Mahendragiri to boost Navy's edge in Indian Ocean with advanced firepower". 9 July 2025.

[107] Dominguez, Gabriel (14 November 2018). "GRSE lays keel for Indian Navy's second Project 17A frigate". IHS Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 14 November 2018.

[108] "Project 17A: GRSE starts building 2nd Advanced Stealth Frigate". psuwatch.com. 24 January 2020.

[109] "Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers – Q4FY21 – ICICI Securities". GRSE. Retrieved 5 June 2021.

[:0-110] 110.0 ^110.1 "GRSE Analyst meet-March 2024" (PDF). 21 March 2024.

[111] @OfficialGRSE (5 March 2021). "Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited (GRSE) achieved a major milestone with 'laying of the Keel' of Yard 3024 a ship of the Advanced Stealth Frigate Project, P 17A" (Tweet) – via Twitter.

[112] "La Marina de Brasil y la conexión India-Pakistán: tecnologías navales críticas compartidas". Infodefensa (in español). 23 August 2024.

[113] "El legado de la Clase Niterói: Brasil está a un paso de la botadura de la primera fragata clase Tamandaré". Infodefensa (in español). 19 July 2024.

[114] Transferred to Pakistan post-partition and served as PNS Dhanush.

[115] Transferred to Pakistan post-partition and served as PNS Shamsher.

[116] Renamed as INS Kukri post republic.

[117] Renamed as INS Hooghly post republic.

[118] Renamed as INS Tir post republic.

[119] Transferred to Indian Coast Guard in 1978.

[120] Transferred to Indian Coast Guard in 1978.

[121] Later reclassified as frigates

[122] Transferred to Pakistan post-partition and served as PNS Jhelum.

[123] Transferred to Pakistan post-partition and served as PNS Sind.

[124] Renamed as INS Kaveri post republic.

[125] Renamed as INS Sutlej post republic.

[126] Renamed as INS Jumuna post republic.

[127] Renamed as INS Krisna post republic.

[128] Transferred to Pakistan post-partition and served as PNS Karsaz.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

[95]

[96]

[97]

[98]

[99]

[100]