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{{ | {{short description|Municipal council in Hansi district, Haryana, India}} | ||
{{about|the city in India|other places of this name and all other uses}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} | ||
{{use Indian English|date=November 2025}} | |||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name = Hansi | | name = Hansi | ||
| other_name = | | other_name = | ||
| settlement_type = | | settlement_type = City | ||
| image_skyline = | | image_skyline = Main gate from front side.jpg | ||
| image_alt = | | image_alt = | ||
| image_caption = [[Asigarh Fort|Hansi Fort]] | | image_caption = [[Asigarh Fort|Hansi Fort]] | ||
| Line 23: | Line 24: | ||
| subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]] | | subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]] | ||
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | ||
| subdivision_name2 = [[ | | subdivision_name2 = [[Hansi district|Hansi]] | ||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> | | established_title = <!-- Established --> | ||
| established_date = | | established_date = | ||
| founder = | | founder = | ||
| named_for = | | named_for = | ||
| government_type = | | government_type = [[Municipal council]] | ||
| governing_body = | | governing_body = | ||
| unit_pref = Metric | | unit_pref = Metric | ||
| Line 44: | Line 45: | ||
| demographics_type1 = Languages | | demographics_type1 = Languages | ||
| demographics1_title1 = Official | | demographics1_title1 = Official | ||
| demographics1_info1 = [[Haryanvi]], [[Hindi language|Hindi | | demographics1_info1 = [[Haryanvi]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]] | ||
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| Line 52: | Line 53: | ||
| area_code = 01663 | | area_code = 01663 | ||
| registration_plate = HR 21 | | registration_plate = HR 21 | ||
| website = {{URL|haryana.gov.in}} | | website = {{URL|haryana.gov.in}} | ||
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-HR]] | | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-HR]] | ||
| Line 59: | Line 59: | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Hansi''', is a city | '''Hansi''', is a historically important city and [[municipal council]] in the Hansi district of the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Haryana]]. Earlier Hansi was larger, more prosperous and more important city than Hisar, as evident by several important buildings of archeological importance. Hansi is also known for its famous sweet, [[peda]], which is made from milk. | ||
==History== | |||
Dr. Bhup Singh, historian, has written ''Hansi ka Etias'' (lit. ''History of Hansi''), a book published by [[Rotary International]]. | |||
=== Early and classic period=== | |||
[[Hansi hoard]], a large hoard of Jaina bronzes was accidentally discovered at Hansi in February 1982. These include idols that may belong to the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta period]] (319 to 605 CE), while most belonged to the 7th–8th centuries. They were apparently buried underground before the impending attack by [[Mahmud of Ghazni]]'s son [[Mas'ud I of Ghazni]] in 1037 CE. Masud attacked swordsmen of Hansi and took women into slavery who were later sold at [[Gazni]].<ref>Jaina Bronzes From Hansi, by Devendra Handa, Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 2002</ref> | |||
=== Medieval period=== | |||
====10-12th century: Tomara-Chauhan Rajpur period==== | |||
It is believed that Hansi was founded by King Anangpal Vihangpal Tomar for his guru "''Hansakar''" (957 AD). Later, the son of King [[Anangpal Tomar]], Drupad established a [[Asi (Mahabharata)|sword manufacturing]] factory in this fort, hence it is also called "[[Asigarh Fort|Asigarh]]". Swords from this fort were exported as far away as to Arab countries. As per ''Talif-e-Tajkara-e-Hansi'' by Qazi Sharif Husain in 1915, around 80 forts across the area were controlled from this centre "Asigarh".<ref>[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/addorimss/t/019addor0004796u00000000.html The fort at Hansi, the Union flag flying from the top]</ref> | It is believed that Hansi was founded by King Anangpal Vihangpal Tomar for his guru "''Hansakar''" (957 AD). Later, the son of King [[Anangpal Tomar]], Drupad established a [[Asi (Mahabharata)|sword manufacturing]] factory in this fort, hence it is also called "[[Asigarh Fort|Asigarh]]". Swords from this fort were exported as far away as to Arab countries. As per ''Talif-e-Tajkara-e-Hansi'' by Qazi Sharif Husain in 1915, around 80 forts across the area were controlled from this centre "Asigarh".<ref>[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/addorimss/t/019addor0004796u00000000.html The fort at Hansi, the Union flag flying from the top]</ref> | ||
A few also say that it was founded by ill daughter ''Hansivati/Ambavati'' of [[Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] though there exists no proof of Prithiviraj's daughter by that name. | A few also say that it was founded by ill daughter ''Hansivati/Ambavati'' of [[Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] though there exists no proof of Prithiviraj's daughter by that name. | ||
==== 13th-15th century: Sultanate period ==== | |||
In 1192, [[Mohammed Ghori]] defeated [[Prithviraj Chauhan|Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] in the [[Second Battle of Tarain]], in the same year [[Battle of Bagar]] took place to occupy Hansi, [[Jatwan]] besieged the Muslim commander Nasrat Uddin at Hansi in 1192 CE, shortly after the defeat of [[Prithviraj Chauhan|Prithviraj]].<ref name="KRQ">{{Cite book |last=Qanungo |first=Kalika Ranjan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9YlrzgEACAAJ |title=History Of The Jats: A Contribution To The History Of Northern India |date=2017 |publisher=Gyan Books |isbn=978-93-5128-513-7 |language=en}}</ref> On receiving this news [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak|Qutb-ud-din]] marched twelve farsakhs, i.e., about 40 miles during one night. [[Jatwan]] raised the siege of Hansi and prepared for an obstinate conflict. "The armies attacked each other" says the author of [[Hasan Nizami|Taj-ul-Maasir]] "like two hills of steel, and the field of battle (on the borders of the Bager country) became tulip-dyed with the blood of warriors. Jatwan had his standards of God-plurality and ensigns of perdition lowered by the hand of power".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Said |first=Hakim Mohammad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6xMNAAAAIAAJ&q=jatwan+malik |title=Road to Pakistan: 712-1858 |date=1990 |publisher=Hamdard Foundation Pakistan |isbn=978-969-412-140-6 |language=en}}</ref> Hindu rule ended in Hansi. | |||
This was the time when non-Muslims were not permitted to settle here. Slowly, Hansi lost its importance and was remembered only as a fort. Delhi started becoming the center of attention. | |||
===16th century onwards: Modern period=== | |||
====16th-17th century: Mughal period ==== | |||
Hansi is listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] under Hisar [[sarkar ( | Hansi is listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] under Hisar [[sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]], producing a revenue of 5,434,438 [[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]s for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 7000 infantry and 500 cavalry. It had a brick fort at the time.<ref name="Ain-i-Akbari">{{cite book |last1=Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |translator-last=Jarrett |translator-first=Henry Sullivan |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |location=Calcutta |page=295 |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref> | ||
[[Shahjahan]] came to Hansi, met the famous Hindu saint [[Jagganath Puri samadha hansi|Jagannath Puri Samadha Hansi]] and after his approval Hindus were allowed to settle in Hansi. In addition to the Hindus, Hansi had Muslims and a few Jains that inhabited Hansi during this Mughal rule. | [[Shahjahan]] came to Hansi, met the famous Hindu saint [[Jagganath Puri samadha hansi|Jagannath Puri Samadha Hansi]] and after his approval Hindus were allowed to settle in Hansi. In addition to the Hindus, Hansi had Muslims and a few Jains that inhabited Hansi during this Mughal rule. | ||
=== | Jagannath Puri Samadha has also many devotees because of their belief that Jagannath Puri was not a common human being but a supreme being. There are many famous stories of Jagannath Puri like a walkable wall, sweat lotus, and so on. | ||
==== 18th century: Maratha rule ==== | |||
Hansi along with small Punjabi kingdoms of the [[Cis-Sutlej states]] was under influence of [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]], until the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]] of 1803–1805, after which the Marathas lost this territory to the British.<ref> | |||
{{cite book | |||
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxhAtCflwOMC&q=daulatrao+scindia+punjab&pg=PA334 |title=A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid Eighteenth Century, Farooqui Salma Ahmed, Salma Ahmed Farooqui, Google Books |isbn=9788131732021 |accessdate=2012-05-26|last1=Ahmed |first1=Farooqui Salma |year=2011 |publisher=Pearson Education India }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | |||
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D_v3Y7hns8QC&q=mahadji+sindhia+punjab&pg=PA13 |title=History of the Marathas - R.S. Chaurasia - Google Books |isbn=9788126903948 |accessdate=2012-05-26 | |||
|last1=Chaurasia |first1=R. S. |year=2004 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nyk6oA2nOlgC&q=%22second+anglo+maratha+war%22+sutlej&pg=PA379|title=Aspects of India's International Relations, 1700 to 2000: South Asia and the World|first=Jayanta Kumar|last=Ray|date=6 August 2007|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=9788131708347}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | |||
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bXWiACEwPR8C&dq=cis+sutlej+states+Ranjit+Singh&pg=PA83|title=An Advanced History of Modern India|last1=Sen|first1=Sailendra Nath|year=2010 |publisher=Macmillan India |isbn=9780230328853 |quote=By Mahadji Shinde's treaty of 1785 with the Sikhs, Maratha influence had been established over the divided Cis-Sutlej states. But at the end of the second Maratha war in 1806 that influence had been pass over to the British.}}</ref> | |||
==== 19-20th century: British colonial rule ==== | |||
The area came under British rule after 1803 till 1947. After the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], the [[British Empire]] crushed over 100 people from Rohnat, Mangali, Hazampur, Jamalpur, Bhatla and other villages under a road roller on the road as punishment for participating in the mutiny. That road is now known as '''Lal Sadak''' (literally ''Red Road'' or ''Blood Road'') where a monument, on approach road from Hansi to Rohnat Lal Sadak, to the martyrs has been constructed after the independence.<ref name="tribune12">[http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/community/hisar-admn-never-unfurled-tricolour-at-lal-sadak/119911.html "Hisar admn never unfurled Tricolour at ‘Lal Sadak’."], [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], 14 August 2015.</ref> | |||
[[Guru Gobind Singh]] also came to Hansi in 1705 and [[Aurangzeb#Rebellions|inspired the public to revolt]] against [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] rule. In 1707, [[Baba Banda Singh Bahadur]] attacked Hansi. Hansi was under [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] rule in 1736 and, after [[Third Battle of Panipat]] in 1761, was lost to [[Ahmed Shah Abdali]]. Maharaja [[Jassa Singh Ramgarhia]] in 1780s also took this area under his control for some years and then left. | [[Guru Gobind Singh]] also came to Hansi in 1705 and [[Aurangzeb#Rebellions|inspired the public to revolt]] against [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] rule. In 1707, [[Baba Banda Singh Bahadur]] attacked Hansi. Hansi was under [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] rule in 1736 and, after [[Third Battle of Panipat]] in 1761, was lost to [[Ahmed Shah Abdali]]. Maharaja [[Jassa Singh Ramgarhia]] in 1780s also took this area under his control for some years and then left. | ||
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Raham Ali ibn Mohammad Hussain ibn Maulana Abul Khair of [[Palwal]] was killed along with Aulia Khan Balooch at Pargana Hansi.<ref>{{cite book | author=Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman| author-link=Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman | year = 2008 | title = Ḥayāt-i Karam Ḥusain | chapter = Chapter: Qazi Mohammad Rafi | edition = 2nd | pages = 48–54| publisher=[[Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences]] | language = ur | location = Aligarh, India | oclc = 852404214 | id = 978-89060706 (invalid ISBN)}}</ref> Raham Ali was brother-in-law of [[Qazi Syed Mohammad Rafi]]. | Raham Ali ibn Mohammad Hussain ibn Maulana Abul Khair of [[Palwal]] was killed along with Aulia Khan Balooch at Pargana Hansi.<ref>{{cite book | author=Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman| author-link=Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman | year = 2008 | title = Ḥayāt-i Karam Ḥusain | chapter = Chapter: Qazi Mohammad Rafi | edition = 2nd | pages = 48–54| publisher=[[Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences]] | language = ur | location = Aligarh, India | oclc = 852404214 | id = 978-89060706 (invalid ISBN)}}</ref> Raham Ali was brother-in-law of [[Qazi Syed Mohammad Rafi]]. | ||
After the [[Anglo-Maratha Wars]] Hansi came under British rule. Hansi took active part in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 war of liberation]] (Gadar), Lala [[Hukam Chand Jain]] was martyred in 1857 by Britishers. | After the [[Anglo-Maratha Wars (disambiguation)|Anglo-Maratha Wars]], Hansi came under British rule. Hansi took active part in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 war of liberation]] (Gadar), Lala [[Hukam Chand Jain]] was martyred in 1857 by Britishers. | ||
====1947 onwards: Post-independence==== | |||
== | In 1947 when [[Partition of India|British India was divided]] into Pakistan and India, a large number of Muslims including [[Sayyid|Syeds]] and [[Ranghar]]s migrated to Pakistan from Hansi city and their villages (such as [[Baliali]] and [[Khanak, Haryana|Khanak]]). Pakistani cricket player [[Inzamam-ul-Haq]]'s parents migrated to Pakistan from Hansi after partition.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/inzamam-ul-haq/203599 |accessdate=29 December 2021 |title=Inzamam-ul Haq | website=Outlook | date=28 May 1997 }}</ref> | ||
A proposal to carve out the new Hansi district out of the existing Hisar district had been pending since 2016.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-haryana-mulls-creation-of-three-new-districts-charkhi-hansi-and-gohana-2204388 Haryana mulls creation of three new districts: Charkhi, Hansi and Gohana]</ref> On the 16th of December, 2025, present Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini announced in a public rally that Hansi would become the 23rd district of the Haryana state.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2025 |title=Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini addressing a Public Meeting in Hansi |url=https://www.youtube.com/live/N0JkU8jYTxc?si=6L1zPRdBIb-ekpQc&t=7042 |url-status=live |website=Youtube}}</ref> The official gazette notification "682-ARIC-03-2025/7392"<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 Dec 2025 |title=Creation of new Hansi district |url=https://www.egazetteharyana.gov.in/home.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref> was released on the 19th of December, making Hansi the 23rd district of the Haryana state. The new district would comprise of Hansi-1, Hansi-2 and [[Narnaund]] sub-divisions with a total of 110 villages shared amongst them, including villages such as Lohari-Ragho, Rakhi Khas and the village where the oldest civilatisation markers have been found, [[Rakhigarhi|Rakhigarhi.]] | |||
==Geography== | |||
=== | ===Topography=== | ||
Hansi is located at {{Coord|29.1|N|75.97|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/10/Hansi.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Hansi]</ref> It has an average elevation of 207metres (679ft) People Density is 348 people per km^2 .Area is 1272.32km^2. It is located at a distance of {{convert|26|km}} east of [[Hisar, Haryana|Hisar]] on [[National Highway 9 (India)|NH-9]]. Geographically, it is semi-arid with around 46cm of annual rainfall. | |||
===Historic sites === | |||
=== | ====Asigarh Fort==== | ||
[[Asigarh Fort]], is a prominent and historic feature of this ancient city. Extended in an area of {{convert|30|acre|m2}}, it is square in shape and has security posts in all the four corners. | |||
====Barsi gate==== | |||
The historic city of Hansi had five gates of entry – Delhi Gate (East), Hisar Gate (West), Gosain Gate (North-west), [[Barsi Gate]] (South) and Umra Gate (South west). The peculiarity of this town is that its altitude increases after entry from any of the gates. Deserts guard this city towards its west (cities like Tosham, Devsar, Khanak). | |||
During the period of Firoz Shan Tuglaq about 1302, a tunnel was constructed connecting the present Hansi to Hisar. The gate of fort has figures of gods, and pictures of gods, goddesses, birds can also be seen on the walls of the fort. The entry gate of the fort was built by George Thomas. This fort was declared a Protected Monument of National Importance in 1937 by the Archeological Survey, the present ASI, and is still in good condition. | |||
==== 16th century Baba Jagganmathpuri Samadha ==== | |||
'''Baba Jaggannathpuri Samadha temple''', a [[Samadhi (shrine)|samadhi]] (revered shrine) dedicated to the 16th century [[Hindu]] [[Sadhu]] (saint), '''Jaggannathpuri''', at the spot where he established an [[ashram]] (monastery) after arriving in Hansi in 1586 CE when there were no Hindus left in Hansi under the Islamic rule. He revived the Hinduism in the area. The complex has the sacred [[banyan]] tree with a big floating [[Aerial root#Prop|aerial prop-root]] branch connected to the grounded main [[taproot]] stem, which gives an illusion as if the aerial prop-root branch is floating in the air by itself. Pilgrims tie the sacred [[Kautuka|red-saffron mauli]] thread around the stem.<ref name=jagh1>[https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/delhi-ncr-haryana/jara-hatke/haryana-floating-tree-in-hansi-samadha-temple-where-baba-jagannathpuri-took-samadhi/2821866 Haryana Floating Tree: हरियाणा में यहां है हवा में लटकता चमत्कारी पेड़, जहां बाबा जगन्नाथपुरी ने ली थी समाधि], Zee News, 30 June 2025.</ref> | |||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
As per [[census of India]] data, Hansi had a population of 75,730 in 2001,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns | |||
As per [[census of India]] data, Hansi had a population of 75,730 in 2001,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> which rose to 86,770 by 2011, and in 2020 its becomes about 93098. In 2011, [[sex ratio|female sex ratio]] was 883 per 1000 men and female child sex ratio was 830.<ref name="hanpop1">2011, [http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/800407-hansi-haryana.html Hansi Population Census 2011], [[Census of India]].</ref> In 2011, Hansi had an average literacy rate of 81.06% (68% in 2001), higher than the state average of 75.5%, male literacy is 86.59% (73% in 2001), and female literacy is 74.84% (61% in 2001).<ref name=hanpop1/> In Hansi, 11.41% of the population is under 6 years of age.<ref name=hanpop1/> | |||
===Religion=== | ===Religion=== | ||
In 2011, 96.77% of residents are [[Hindu]]s, 1.34% [[Jain]], 0.99% [[Sikh]]s, 0.05% [[Buddhist]], 0.66% Muslim, 0.10% Christian and 0.10% unstated.<ref name=hanpop1/> | In 2011, 96.77% of residents are [[Hindu]]s, 1.34% [[Jain]], 0.99% [[Sikh]]s, 0.05% [[Buddhist]], 0.66% Muslim, 0.10% Christian and 0.10% unstated.<ref name=hanpop1/> | ||
== | {{bar box | ||
=== | | title = Religions in Hansi city (2011) | ||
| titlebar = #Fcd116 | |||
| left1 = Religion | |||
| right1 = Percent | |||
| align = left | |||
| bars = | |||
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|96.77}} | |||
{{bar percent|[[Jainism]]|pink|1.34}} | |||
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|0.99}} | |||
{{bar percent|Others|black|0.76}} | |||
}} | |||
==== City ==== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|+ ''Religion in Hansi City'' | |||
|- | |||
! Religion | |||
! Population (1911)<ref name="HansiCity1911">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1911-26575903/|title=Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 1, Report.|access-date=21 July 2022}}</ref> | |||
! Percentage (1911) | |||
! Population (1941)<ref name="Hansi1941"/>{{rp|30}} | |||
! Percentage (1941) | |||
|- | |||
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]] | |||
| 6,907 | |||
|{{Percentage | 6907 | 14576 | 2 }} | |||
| 10,166 | |||
|{{Percentage | 10166 | 22590 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]] | |||
| 6,896 | |||
|{{Percentage | 6896| 14576 | 2 }} | |||
| 10,752 | |||
|{{Percentage | 10752 | 22590 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]] | |||
| 14 | |||
|{{Percentage | 14 | 14576 | 2 }} | |||
| 80 | |||
|{{Percentage | 80 | 22590 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]] | |||
| 7 | |||
|{{Percentage | 7 | 14576 | 2 }} | |||
| 36 | |||
|{{Percentage | 36 | 22590 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}} | |||
| 752 | |||
|{{Percentage | 752 | 14576 | 2 }} | |||
| 1,556 | |||
|{{Percentage | 1556 | 22590 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| '''Total Population''' | |||
| '''14,576''' | |||
| '''{{Percentage | 14576 | 14576 | 2 }}''' | |||
| '''22,590''' | |||
| '''{{Percentage | 22590 | 22590 | 2 }}''' | |||
|} | |||
==== Tehsil ==== | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
|+ ''Religion in Hansi Tehsil (1941)'' | |||
|- | |||
! Religion | |||
! Population (1941)<ref name="Hansi1941">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/south-asia-open-archives/saoa/censusofindia1941-28216851/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE|access-date=20 July 2022}}</ref>{{rp|58}} | |||
! Percentage (1941) | |||
|- | |||
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]] | |||
| 175,761 | |||
|{{Percentage | 175761 | 224370 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]] | |||
| 45,551 | |||
|{{Percentage | 45551 | 224370 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]] | |||
| 165 | |||
|{{Percentage | 165 | 224370 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]] | |||
| 56 | |||
|{{Percentage | 56 | 224370 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}} | |||
| 2,837 | |||
|{{Percentage | 2837 | 224370 | 2 }} | |||
|- | |||
| '''Total Population''' | |||
| '''224,370''' | |||
| '''{{Percentage | 224370 | 224370 | 2 }}''' | |||
|} | |||
==Education == | |||
Colleges are: | |||
* [[Nehru Memorial Government College, Hansi]] | * [[Nehru Memorial Government College, Hansi]] | ||
* [[S. D. Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Hansi]] | |||
* [[S. D. Higher Secondary School, Hansi]] | |||
=== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Asigarh Fort]] | * [[Asigarh Fort]] | ||
*[[Hisar (city)|Hisar]] | * [[Administrative divisions of Haryana]] | ||
* [[Hisar | ** [[Hisar division]] | ||
** [[Hisar (city)|Hisar]] | |||
** [[Hansi Block of Hisar District|Hansi Block]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
* {{cite book |title=[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India | {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} | ||
{{notelist}} | |||
* {{cite book |title=[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India|The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 13]] |chapter=Hansi Town|publisher=Oxford at Clarendon Press |year=1909|page=25 |chapter-url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V13_031.gif|ref=Imp }} | |||
* {{cite news |title=Excavation at Hansi fort begins |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20041204/haryana.htm#3 |work=The Tribune |location=India |date=4 December 2004 }} | * {{cite news |title=Excavation at Hansi fort begins |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20041204/haryana.htm#3 |work=The Tribune |location=India |date=4 December 2004 }} | ||
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* [http://archaeologyharyana.nic.in/pic3.html Barsi Gate, Umra Gate, Hansi] | * [http://archaeologyharyana.nic.in/pic3.html Barsi Gate, Umra Gate, Hansi] | ||
{{Hisar, India topics}} | {{Hisar, India topics}}{{Municipalities of Haryana}} | ||
[[Category:Cities and towns in Hisar district]] | [[Category:Cities and towns in Hisar district]] | ||
[[Category:Hisar (city)]] | [[Category:Hisar (city)]] | ||
Latest revision as of 01:49, 11 January 2026
Hansi | |
|---|---|
City | |
 | |
  Hansi  Hansi | |
| Coordinates: 29°06′N 75°58′E / 29.1°N 75.97°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Haryana |
| District | Hansi |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal council |
| Elevation | 207 m (679 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 86,770 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Haryanvi, Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 125033 |
| Telephone code | 01663 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-HR |
| Vehicle registration | HR 21 |
| Website | haryana |
Hansi, is a historically important city and municipal council in the Hansi district of the Indian state of Haryana. Earlier Hansi was larger, more prosperous and more important city than Hisar, as evident by several important buildings of archeological importance. Hansi is also known for its famous sweet, peda, which is made from milk.
History[edit | edit source]
Dr. Bhup Singh, historian, has written Hansi ka Etias (lit. History of Hansi), a book published by Rotary International.
Early and classic period[edit | edit source]
Hansi hoard, a large hoard of Jaina bronzes was accidentally discovered at Hansi in February 1982. These include idols that may belong to the Gupta period (319 to 605 CE), while most belonged to the 7th–8th centuries. They were apparently buried underground before the impending attack by Mahmud of Ghazni's son Mas'ud I of Ghazni in 1037 CE. Masud attacked swordsmen of Hansi and took women into slavery who were later sold at Gazni.[1]
Medieval period[edit | edit source]
10-12th century: Tomara-Chauhan Rajpur period[edit | edit source]
It is believed that Hansi was founded by King Anangpal Vihangpal Tomar for his guru "Hansakar" (957 AD). Later, the son of King Anangpal Tomar, Drupad established a sword manufacturing factory in this fort, hence it is also called "Asigarh". Swords from this fort were exported as far away as to Arab countries. As per Talif-e-Tajkara-e-Hansi by Qazi Sharif Husain in 1915, around 80 forts across the area were controlled from this centre "Asigarh".[2]
A few also say that it was founded by ill daughter Hansivati/Ambavati of Prithvi Raj Chauhan though there exists no proof of Prithiviraj's daughter by that name.
13th-15th century: Sultanate period[edit | edit source]
In 1192, Mohammed Ghori defeated Prithvi Raj Chauhan in the Second Battle of Tarain, in the same year Battle of Bagar took place to occupy Hansi, Jatwan besieged the Muslim commander Nasrat Uddin at Hansi in 1192 CE, shortly after the defeat of Prithviraj.[3] On receiving this news Qutb-ud-din marched twelve farsakhs, i.e., about 40 miles during one night. Jatwan raised the siege of Hansi and prepared for an obstinate conflict. "The armies attacked each other" says the author of Taj-ul-Maasir "like two hills of steel, and the field of battle (on the borders of the Bager country) became tulip-dyed with the blood of warriors. Jatwan had his standards of God-plurality and ensigns of perdition lowered by the hand of power".[4] Hindu rule ended in Hansi.
This was the time when non-Muslims were not permitted to settle here. Slowly, Hansi lost its importance and was remembered only as a fort. Delhi started becoming the center of attention.
16th century onwards: Modern period[edit | edit source]
16th-17th century: Mughal period[edit | edit source]
Hansi is listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a pargana under Hisar sarkar, producing a revenue of 5,434,438 dams for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 7000 infantry and 500 cavalry. It had a brick fort at the time.[5]
Shahjahan came to Hansi, met the famous Hindu saint Jagannath Puri Samadha Hansi and after his approval Hindus were allowed to settle in Hansi. In addition to the Hindus, Hansi had Muslims and a few Jains that inhabited Hansi during this Mughal rule.
Jagannath Puri Samadha has also many devotees because of their belief that Jagannath Puri was not a common human being but a supreme being. There are many famous stories of Jagannath Puri like a walkable wall, sweat lotus, and so on.
18th century: Maratha rule[edit | edit source]
Hansi along with small Punjabi kingdoms of the Cis-Sutlej states was under influence of Marathas, until the Second Anglo-Maratha War of 1803–1805, after which the Marathas lost this territory to the British.[6][7][8][9]
19-20th century: British colonial rule[edit | edit source]
The area came under British rule after 1803 till 1947. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Empire crushed over 100 people from Rohnat, Mangali, Hazampur, Jamalpur, Bhatla and other villages under a road roller on the road as punishment for participating in the mutiny. That road is now known as Lal Sadak (literally Red Road or Blood Road) where a monument, on approach road from Hansi to Rohnat Lal Sadak, to the martyrs has been constructed after the independence.[10]
Guru Gobind Singh also came to Hansi in 1705 and inspired the public to revolt against Mughal rule. In 1707, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur attacked Hansi. Hansi was under Maratha rule in 1736 and, after Third Battle of Panipat in 1761, was lost to Ahmed Shah Abdali. Maharaja Jassa Singh Ramgarhia in 1780s also took this area under his control for some years and then left.
George Thomas, an Irish mercenary and raider who rose from an ordinary sailor to become a feudal lord (jagirdar), made Hansi as his capital. Hansi was seized by the British East India Company rule in 1802. From 1819–32, Hansi was a District HQ which was later shifted to Hisar in 1832.
Hansi was also the headquarters of Colonel James Skinner CB (1778 – 4 December 1841) the Anglo-Indian immigrant and mercenary in India, who became known as Sikandar Sahib. 1st Skinner's Horse and 3rd Skinner's Horse (formerly 2nd Skinner's Horse) were founded by Colonel James Skinner at Hansi in 1803. These units are still part of the Indian Army.[11] He also built the Sheikhpura Kothi, on Hansi-Ugalan road off NH9 Hansi bypass, named after his son.
Raham Ali ibn Mohammad Hussain ibn Maulana Abul Khair of Palwal was killed along with Aulia Khan Balooch at Pargana Hansi.[12] Raham Ali was brother-in-law of Qazi Syed Mohammad Rafi.
After the Anglo-Maratha Wars, Hansi came under British rule. Hansi took active part in the 1857 war of liberation (Gadar), Lala Hukam Chand Jain was martyred in 1857 by Britishers.
1947 onwards: Post-independence[edit | edit source]
In 1947 when British India was divided into Pakistan and India, a large number of Muslims including Syeds and Ranghars migrated to Pakistan from Hansi city and their villages (such as Baliali and Khanak). Pakistani cricket player Inzamam-ul-Haq's parents migrated to Pakistan from Hansi after partition.[13]
A proposal to carve out the new Hansi district out of the existing Hisar district had been pending since 2016.[14] On the 16th of December, 2025, present Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini announced in a public rally that Hansi would become the 23rd district of the Haryana state.[15] The official gazette notification "682-ARIC-03-2025/7392"[16] was released on the 19th of December, making Hansi the 23rd district of the Haryana state. The new district would comprise of Hansi-1, Hansi-2 and Narnaund sub-divisions with a total of 110 villages shared amongst them, including villages such as Lohari-Ragho, Rakhi Khas and the village where the oldest civilatisation markers have been found, Rakhigarhi.
Geography[edit | edit source]
Topography[edit | edit source]
Hansi is located at 29°06′N 75°58′E / 29.1°N 75.97°E.[17] It has an average elevation of 207metres (679ft) People Density is 348 people per km^2 .Area is 1272.32km^2. It is located at a distance of 26 kilometres (16 mi) east of Hisar on NH-9. Geographically, it is semi-arid with around 46cm of annual rainfall.
Historic sites[edit | edit source]
Asigarh Fort[edit | edit source]
Asigarh Fort, is a prominent and historic feature of this ancient city. Extended in an area of 30 acres (120,000 m2), it is square in shape and has security posts in all the four corners.
Barsi gate[edit | edit source]
The historic city of Hansi had five gates of entry – Delhi Gate (East), Hisar Gate (West), Gosain Gate (North-west), Barsi Gate (South) and Umra Gate (South west). The peculiarity of this town is that its altitude increases after entry from any of the gates. Deserts guard this city towards its west (cities like Tosham, Devsar, Khanak).
During the period of Firoz Shan Tuglaq about 1302, a tunnel was constructed connecting the present Hansi to Hisar. The gate of fort has figures of gods, and pictures of gods, goddesses, birds can also be seen on the walls of the fort. The entry gate of the fort was built by George Thomas. This fort was declared a Protected Monument of National Importance in 1937 by the Archeological Survey, the present ASI, and is still in good condition.
16th century Baba Jagganmathpuri Samadha[edit | edit source]
Baba Jaggannathpuri Samadha temple, a samadhi (revered shrine) dedicated to the 16th century Hindu Sadhu (saint), Jaggannathpuri, at the spot where he established an ashram (monastery) after arriving in Hansi in 1586 CE when there were no Hindus left in Hansi under the Islamic rule. He revived the Hinduism in the area. The complex has the sacred banyan tree with a big floating aerial prop-root branch connected to the grounded main taproot stem, which gives an illusion as if the aerial prop-root branch is floating in the air by itself. Pilgrims tie the sacred red-saffron mauli thread around the stem.[18]
Demographics[edit | edit source]
As per census of India data, Hansi had a population of 75,730 in 2001,[19] which rose to 86,770 by 2011, and in 2020 its becomes about 93098. In 2011, female sex ratio was 883 per 1000 men and female child sex ratio was 830.[20] In 2011, Hansi had an average literacy rate of 81.06% (68% in 2001), higher than the state average of 75.5%, male literacy is 86.59% (73% in 2001), and female literacy is 74.84% (61% in 2001).[20] In Hansi, 11.41% of the population is under 6 years of age.[20]
Religion[edit | edit source]
In 2011, 96.77% of residents are Hindus, 1.34% Jain, 0.99% Sikhs, 0.05% Buddhist, 0.66% Muslim, 0.10% Christian and 0.10% unstated.[20]
City[edit | edit source]
| Religion | Population (1911)[21] | Percentage (1911) | Population (1941)[22]:30 | Percentage (1941) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Islam 
|
6,907 | 47.39% | 10,166 | 45% |
Hinduism 
|
6,896 | 47.31% | 10,752 | 47.6% |
Sikhism 
|
14 | 0.1% | 80 | 0.35% |
Christianity 
|
7 | 0.05% | 36 | 0.16% |
| Others [lower-alpha 1] | 752 | 5.16% | 1,556 | 6.89% |
| Total Population | 14,576 | 100% | 22,590 | 100% |
Tehsil[edit | edit source]
| Religion | Population (1941)[22]:58 | Percentage (1941) |
|---|---|---|
| Hinduism
|
175,761 | 78.34% |
| Islam
|
45,551 | 20.3% |
| Sikhism
|
165 | 0.07% |
| Christianity
|
56 | 0.02% |
| Others [lower-alpha 2] | 2,837 | 1.26% |
| Total Population | 224,370 | 100% |
Education[edit | edit source]
Colleges are:
- Nehru Memorial Government College, Hansi
- S. D. Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Hansi
- S. D. Higher Secondary School, Hansi
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Jaina Bronzes From Hansi, by Devendra Handa, Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 2002
- ↑ The fort at Hansi, the Union flag flying from the top
- ↑ Qanungo, Kalika Ranjan (2017). History Of The Jats: A Contribution To The History Of Northern India. Gyan Books. ISBN 978-93-5128-513-7.
- ↑ Said, Hakim Mohammad (1990). Road to Pakistan: 712-1858. Hamdard Foundation Pakistan. ISBN 978-969-412-140-6.
- ↑ Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak (1891). The Ain-i-Akbari. Translated by Jarrett, Henry Sullivan. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal. p. 295. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ↑ Ahmed, Farooqui Salma (2011). A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid Eighteenth Century, Farooqui Salma Ahmed, Salma Ahmed Farooqui, Google Books. Pearson Education India. ISBN 9788131732021. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ↑ Chaurasia, R. S. (2004). History of the Marathas - R.S. Chaurasia - Google Books. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. ISBN 9788126903948. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
- ↑ Ray, Jayanta Kumar (6 August 2007). Aspects of India's International Relations, 1700 to 2000: South Asia and the World. Pearson Education India. ISBN 9788131708347.
- ↑ Sen, Sailendra Nath (2010). An Advanced History of Modern India. Macmillan India. ISBN 9780230328853.
By Mahadji Shinde's treaty of 1785 with the Sikhs, Maratha influence had been established over the divided Cis-Sutlej states. But at the end of the second Maratha war in 1806 that influence had been pass over to the British.
- ↑ "Hisar admn never unfurled Tricolour at ‘Lal Sadak’.", The Tribune, 14 August 2015.
- ↑ Colonel James Skinner CB Archived 18 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine National Army Museum (British Army).
- ↑ Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (2008). "Chapter: Qazi Mohammad Rafi". Ḥayāt-i Karam Ḥusain (in اردو) (2nd ed.). Aligarh, India: Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences. pp. 48–54. OCLC 852404214. 978-89060706 (invalid ISBN).
- ↑ "Inzamam-ul Haq". Outlook. 28 May 1997. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ↑ Haryana mulls creation of three new districts: Charkhi, Hansi and Gohana
- ↑ "Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini addressing a Public Meeting in Hansi". Youtube. 16 December 2025.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Creation of new Hansi district". 19 December 2025.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Hansi
- ↑ Haryana Floating Tree: हरियाणा में यहां है हवा में लटकता चमत्कारी पेड़, जहां बाबा जगन्नाथपुरी ने ली थी समाधि, Zee News, 30 June 2025.
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 2011, Hansi Population Census 2011, Census of India.
- ↑ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 1, Report". Retrieved 21 July 2022.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE". Retrieved 20 July 2022.
- ↑ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated
- ↑ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated
- "Hansi Town". The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Vol. 13. Oxford at Clarendon Press. 1909. p. 25.
- "Excavation at Hansi fort begins". The Tribune. India. 4 December 2004.
