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{{short description|Indian criminal and terrorist (born 1955)}}
{{short description|Indian criminal and terrorist (born 1955)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2013}}
{{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}
{{Infobox criminal
{{Infobox criminal
| name              = Dawood Ibrahim
| name              = Dawood Ibrahim
| image            =  
| image            =
| caption          =  
| caption          =  
| birth_name        =  
| birth_name        = Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar
| birth_date        = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1955|12|26}}
| birth_date        = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1955|12|26}}
| birth_place      = [[Khed, Ratnagiri]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| birth_place      = [[Khed, Ratnagiri]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| occupation        = {{hlist|[[Gangster]]|[[criminal]]|[[Drug cartel|drug kingpin]]}}
| occupation        = {{hlist|[[Gangster]]|[[crime lord]]|[[drug lord]]|[[Organized crime|syndicate leader]]}}
| organization      = [[D-Company]]
| organization      = [[D-Company]]
| criminal_charge  = [[Organised crime]], [[drug trafficking]], [[extortion]], [[targeted killing]], [[terrorism]], [[Burglary]]
| criminal_charge  = [[Organised crime]], [[drug trafficking]], [[extortion]], [[targeted killing]], [[terrorism]], [[narcoterrorism]] [[burglary]], [[raping]]
| wanted_by        = {{plainlist|
| wanted_by        = {{plainlist|
* India
* India
* United States of America}}
* [[United States of America]]}}
| wanted_since      = 1993
| wanted_since      = 1993
| opponents        = {{ubl
| opponents        = {{ubl
| 1                = [[Chhota Rajan]]
| 1                 = [[Deputy Commissioner of Police|DCP]] [[G. R. Khairnar]]
| 2                 = [[Ali Budesh#Open war with Dawood Ibrahim|Ali Budesh]]
| 2                 = [[Chhota Rajan]]
| 3                 = [[Ejaz Lakdawala]]
| 3                 = [[Ali Budesh]]
| 4                 = [[Arun Gawli#Criminal activities|Arun Gawli]]}}
| 4                 = [[Ejaz Lakdawala]]
| 5                 = [[Arun Gawli]]}}
| relatives        = [[Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar]] (brother; deceased)
| relatives        = [[Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar]] (brother; deceased)
| years_active      = 1976–present
| years_active      = 1976–present
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}}
}}


'''Dawood Ibrahim''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Dawood_Ibrahim_from_India_pronunciation_(Voice_of_America).ogg |ɪ|b|r|ə|ˈ|h|iː|m}} ) (born 26 December 1955) is an [[Indian mafia|Indian mob]] [[Crime boss|boss]], [[drug kingpin|drug lord]],<ref>{{cite web |title=3 students forced to end their 'Dawood hunt' after money runs out |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/3-students-forced-to-end-their-dawood-hunt-after-money-runs-out-1373291.html |website=Firstpost.com |date=4 February 2014 |publisher=Firstpost |access-date=23 August 2020}}</ref> and [[terrorist]] from [[Dongri]], [[Mumbai]], who is wanted by the Indian government.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl9742.aspx|title=Treasury Sanctions Two Indian Nationals and a Company Based in Pakistan for Ties to the South Asian Criminal Network 'D Company'|website=www.treasury.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2017-09-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/sc/suborg/en/sanctions/1267/aq_sanctions_list/summaries/individual/dawood-ibrahim|title=DAWOOD IBRAHIM {{!}} United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organs|website=www.un.org|language=en|access-date=2017-09-08}}</ref> He reportedly heads the Indian [[organised crime]] syndicate [[D-Company]], which he founded in [[Mumbai]] in the 1970s.<ref>[http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/asia/article3093209.ece The name on the '''Mumbai street''' over terror attacks is Dawood Ibrahim.] ''The Times''. 13 July 2011</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21583285-growth-slows-and-reforms-falter-economic-activity-shifting-out-india-made-outside|title=Made outside India|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=2017-12-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/24/opinion/fix-the-link-to-pakistan-bond-with-india.html|title=Opinion {{!}} Fix the Link to Pakistan, Bond With India|last=Kugelman|first=Michael|date=2015|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-12-20|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/dec/02/mumbai-most-wanted|title=India names two most-wanted fugitives after Mumbai attacks|last=Tran|first=Mark|date=2008-12-02|work=The Guardian|access-date=2017-12-20|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Ibrahim is wanted on charges including [[murder]], [[extortion]], [[targeted killing]], [[drug trafficking]], and [[terrorism]].
'''Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Dawood_Ibrahim_from_India_pronunciation_(Voice_of_America).ogg |ɪ|b|r|ə|ˈ|h|iː|m}}; born 26 December 1955) is an Indian [[gangster]], [[Crime boss|mob boss]], [[drug kingpin|drug lord]]<ref name="reward">{{cite web |date=4 February 2014 |title=3 students forced to end their 'Dawood hunt' after money runs out |url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/3-students-forced-to-end-their-dawood-hunt-after-money-runs-out-1373291.html/amp |access-date=25 July 2017 |website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref> and [[narcoterrorist]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl9742.aspx|title=Treasury Sanctions Two Indian Nationals and a Company Based in Pakistan for Ties to the South Asian Criminal Network 'D Company'|website=treasury.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2017-09-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/sc/suborg/en/sanctions/1267/aq_sanctions_list/summaries/individual/dawood-ibrahim|title=DAWOOD IBRAHIM {{!}} United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organs|website=un.org|language=en|access-date=2017-09-08}}</ref> He is the leader of the [[Organized crime|organised crime syndicate]] [[D-Company]], which he founded in [[Mumbai]] in the 1970s.<ref>[https://www.thetimes.com/article/the-name-on-the-mumbai-street-over-terror-attacks-is-dawood-ibrahim-zd2zj9qjskd The name on the Mumbai street over terror attacks is Dawood Ibrahim.] ''[[The Times]]''. 13 July 2011.</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Made outside India |url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21583285-growth-slows-and-reforms-falter-economic-activity-shifting-out-india-made-outside |access-date=2017-12-20 |newspaper=[[The Economist]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kugelman |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Kugelman |date=2015 |title=Fix the Link to Pakistan, Bond With India |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/24/opinion/fix-the-link-to-pakistan-bond-with-india.html |access-date=2018-12-20 |work=[[The New York Times]] |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Tran |first=Mark |date=2008-12-02 |title=India names two most-wanted fugitives after Mumbai attacks |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/dec/02/mumbai-most-wanted |access-date=2017-12-20 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Ibrahim is wanted on multiple charges of [[Murder in Indian law|murder]], [[extortion]], [[targeted killing]], [[Drug trafficking in India|drug trafficking]] and [[Terrorism in India|terrorism]] among others.


He was designated a global terrorist by India and the United States in 2003, with a reward of US$25 million on his head for his suspected role in the [[1993 Bombay bombings]].<ref name="reward">{{cite web|title=3 students forced to end their 'Dawood hunt' after money runs out|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/3-students-forced-to-end-their-dawood-hunt-after-money-runs-out-1373291.html/amp|website=[[First Post]]|date=4 February 2014|access-date=25 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="Interpol">{{cite web |title=Shaikh, Dawood Hasan |publisher=[[Interpol]] |url=http://www.interpol.int/Wanted-Persons/%28wanted_id%29/1993-14193 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121212010010/http://www.interpol.int/Wanted-Persons/(wanted_id)/1993-14193 |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 December 2012 |access-date=30 December 2012 }}</ref> In 2011, he was named number three on "The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives" by the U.S. [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Henley |first1=Jon |title=Who is now on the World's Most Wanted list? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/04/the-worlds-most-wanted-list |website=The Guardian |date=4 May 2011 |access-date=22 December 2019}}</ref> and [[Forbes]].<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/2011/06/14/most-wanted-fugitives_slide_4.html "Dawood 4th 'most wanted' criminal on Forbes list"]. ''Forbes''. (29 April 2008). Retrieved 16 April 2012.</ref> Recently, the Pakistani government listed Dawood and 87 others in its sanction list in order to avoid [[FATF]] sanctions.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dawood Ibrahim Will Never Face Trial In India; No Closure For Families Of Mumbai Blasts Victims|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/news-analysis-dawood-ibrahim-will-never-face-trial-in-india-no-closure-for-families-of-mumbai-blasts-victims/359194|access-date=2021-08-06|website=www.outlookindia.com/}}</ref>
He has been reported to live in [[Karachi]], Pakistan, though the [[government of Pakistan]] denies it.<ref name="IndiaToday" />


He has been reported to live in [[Karachi]], [[Pakistan]], though the government of Pakistan denies it.<ref name="IndiaToday" /> In 2020, the Indian government sold off Dawood's six properties in his ancestral village in Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan in Maharashtra. The government organized the e-auction of his properties under the Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Act (SAFEMA), 1976. In November 2017, Dawood's three properties, including the famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, also known as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned off by the government.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-10|title=Central government sells Dawood Ibrahim's six properties at Ratnagiri|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/central-government-sells-dawood-ibrahim-s-six-properties-at-ratnagiri/story-fzwPbp3qC9ruDGnfEhlcLP.html|access-date=2021-08-06|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>
He was designated a global terrorist by the [[Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee]] of the [[United Nations Security Council]] and by the [[United States of America|United States]] in 2003 for masterminding the [[1993 Bombay bombings]] and is said to have an influence in [[2008 Mumbai attacks|26/11 attacks]].<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":3" /> The United States has a bounty of US$25 million on his head.
 
In a [[Time (magazine)|''Time'']] list of the world's most notorious mob bosses, Ibrahim was ranked 9th.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top 10 Real-Life Mob Bosses |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2043575_2043788_2043675,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120109041051/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2043575_2043788_2043675,00.html |archive-date=2012-01-09 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref> Ibrahim was third on [[Forbes]]' "The World's 10 Most Wanted" list from 2010 until it stopped publishing the list in 2011. In 2011, he was named number two on "The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives" by the US [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar - D-Company |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/dawood-ibrahim-kaskar/ |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Vardi |first=Nathan |date=13 May 2010 |title=The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives |url=https://www.forbes.com/2010/05/13/bin-laden-joaquin-guzman-dawood-ibrahim-business-world-most-wanted.html |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Henley |first=Jon |date=2011-05-04 |title=Who is now on the World's Most Wanted list? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/04/the-worlds-most-wanted-list |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Dawood Ibrahim was born on 26 December 1955 to a [[Konkani Muslim]] family in [[Khed, Ratnagiri|Khed]] in [[Maharashtra]], India.<ref>{{cite web|title=10 things to know about Dawood Ibrahim|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/10-things-to-know-about-dawood-ibrahim/story-yoROzlpjb6WWBq3yftvi9L.html|website=Hindustan Times|date=5 May 2015|access-date=19 March 2021}}</ref> His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked as a head constable with the [[Mumbai Police]] and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Swami|first=Praveen|date=9 April 1999|title=Mumbai's mafia wars|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1607/16070420.htm|journal=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|volume=16|issue=7|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref>
Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar was born on 26 December 1955 to a [[Konkani Muslim]] family in [[Khed, Ratnagiri|Khed]] in [[Maharashtra]], India.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2015 |title=10 things to know about Dawood Ibrahim |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/10-things-to-know-about-dawood-ibrahim/story-yoROzlpjb6WWBq3yftvi9L.html |access-date=19 March 2021 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dawood Ibrahim |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/topic/dawood-ibrahim |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked as a [[head constable]] with the [[Mumbai Police]] and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Swami|first=Praveen|author-link=Praveen Swami|date=9 April 1999|title=Mumbai's mafia wars|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1607/16070420.htm|journal=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|volume=16|issue=7|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref> He lived in the Temkar [[Mohalla]] area of [[Dongri]], [[Mumbai]] and attended Ahmed Sailor High School, from which he dropped out.
He lived in the Zadgaon area of Dongri and attended Ahmed Sailor High School, from which he dropped out.
 
==Crime and terrorism==
{{Main|Organised crime in India|D-Company|1993 Bombay bombings|2008 Mumbai attacks}}
Dawood started committing [[fraud]], [[theft]] and [[robbery]] while still in his teens. In Dongri, he first came into contact with the gangster [[Haji Mastan]], after he attacked two of Ibrahim's men.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Dongri to Dubai,' the rise of Dawood Ibrahim |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/books/dongri-to-dubai-the-rise-of-dawood-ibrahim-484211.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821162100/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/books/dongri-to-dubai-the-rise-of-dawood-ibrahim-484211.html |archive-date=2015-08-21 |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[IBN Live]]}}</ref> Eventually, he joined the gang of local [[gangster]] and [[Crime boss|don]] Baashu Dada, part of the [[Organised crime in India|local organised crime syndicate]]. In the late 1970s, he later split from the gang, creating his own gang with his elder brother [[Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar]]. After Shabir was killed by the rival [[Pathan]] gang of [[Karim Lala]], he became the sole boss of his gang and later [[criminal syndicate]] [[D-Company]]. He was then chiefly involved in gold smuggling, [[Real estate in India|real estate]], [[extortion]] and [[drug trafficking]]. He fled from India to [[Dubai]] in 1986 after being wanted by the [[Mumbai Police]] for the murder of Samad Khan. In the following years, he further expanded his gang with the help of his second-in-command [[Chhota Rajan]], with his gang having over 5000 members and bringing in hundreds of millions of rupees in revenue annually by the early 1990s.
 
Ibrahim had a long-standing feud with notorious Indian criminal [[Manya Surve]].
 
Dawood is widely believed to have masterminded the March [[1993 Bombay bombings|1993 bombings in Bombay]].<ref name=":7">[http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/dec/22isi.htm 'ISI pressured Dawood to carry out Mumbai blasts']. ''[[Rediff.com]]''. 22 December 2002. Retrieved 16 April 2012.</ref> In a public discourse in June 2017, [[Ram Jethmalani]] confirmed that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from London, saying that he was prepared to come to India and stand trial, on the condition that he should not be subjected to any [[Third-degree methods|third degree]] treatment from the police.<ref name="algebra2">{{cite web |title=The legend of Ram&nbsp;– a conversation with Ram Jethmalani |url=http://www.algebratheclub.com/event/the-legend-of-ram/ |access-date=13 June 2018 |website=Algebra Talks |publisher=Algebra}}</ref> Jethmalani had conveyed this to [[Sharad Pawar]], but the politicians in power did not agree to this proposal. As per Jethmalani, their refusal to allow Dawood's return was due to their fears that he would expose their secrets.<ref name="it2">{{cite magazine |date=4 July 2015 |title=Ram Jethmalani, Sharad Pawar spar over Dawood Ibrahim |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dawood-ibrahim-surrender-ram-jethmalani-sharad-pawar-spar-280635-2015-07-04 |access-date=13 June 2018 |magazine=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-07-05 |title=Sharad Pawar: Jethmalani’s proposal on Dawood Ibrahim was conditional |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/ram-jethmalanis-proposal-on-dawood-was-conditional-sharad-pawar/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184312/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/ram-jethmalanis-proposal-on-dawood-was-conditional-sharad-pawar/ |archive-date=2018-06-13 |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
 
Following the attacks, he fled Dubai for [[Karachi]], Pakistan where he is said to live to this day.
 
It is reported that selective police action against the D-Company during the [[Shiv Sena]] administration and its subsequent decline through [[encounter killings]] helped strengthen former Ibrahim aide Chhota Rajan's position in the underworld.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 October 2015 |title=Rajan, a spent force... |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sunday-anchor/Chhota-Rajan-a-spent-force.../article60492965.ece |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> This is similar to how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted from the 1980s police campaign against the Pathan gang.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2017 |title=Police action during Mumbai gang wars |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/mid-day/20170623/283502206014997 |website=[[mid-day]]}}</ref> The Shiv Sena laid bare its affection for Rajan in an editorial in the ''[[Saamana]]'' newspaper, its mouthpiece, edited by [[Bal Thackeray]]. The editorial heaved a sigh of relief, attributing Rajan's survival to "good fortune" resulting from divine grace.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Article |url=http://www.ketan.net/art1_13.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624012337/http://www.ketan.net/art1_13.html |archive-date=2008-06-24 |access-date=2008-10-09 |website=ketan.net}}</ref> To reinforce his reputation as a 'patriotic don', Rajan threatened to brutally murder those accused of engineering the 1993 Bombay bombings. Saleem "Kurla" in April 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran in June 1998 and Majeed Khan on 1 March 1999 were shot dead.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=26 October 2015 |title=The patriotic don: Chhota Rajan was said to be helping India find Dawood Ibrahim |url=http://scroll.in/article/764928/the-patriotic-don-chhota-rajan-was-said-to-be-helping-india-find-dawood-ibrahim |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Scroll.in]] |language=en}}</ref> Rajan is believed to have assisted Indian intelligence agencies in understanding the activities of the D-Company and its members by using his intimate knowledge of the criminal organisation and its operations from his experience. The Pakistani [[Inter-Services Intelligence]] (ISI) was subsequently believed to be behind an attempted assassination of Rajan.<ref name=":0" />


==Criminal career==
In February 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan associates gunned down Nepali media baron [[Jamim Shah]] point blank in broad daylight as he was driving to his residence on a public road. Shah ostensibly had links with Ibrahim and was the mastermind of a racket producing counterfeit Indian currency within Nepal. His anti-Indian criminal activities had rankled the Indian government for more than a decade and a half prior.<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 March 2011 |title='Indian' contract killer targets 'Dawood's man' in Nepal jail |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/south-asia/Indian-contract-killer-targets-Dawoods-man-in-Nepal-jail/articleshow/7670573.cms |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=8 February 2010 |title=Chhota Rajan gang killed Nepal baron |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/latest-headlines/story/chhota-rajan-gang-killed-nepal-baron-66920-2010-02-08 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Mail Today]] |publisher=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref>
Dawood started committing fraud, theft and robbery while still in his teens. Eventually, he joined the gang of local gangster and don Baashu Dada, part of the local organised crime syndicate. In the late 1970s, he later split from the gang, creating his own gang with his elder brother [[Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar]]. After Shabir was killed by the rival Pathan gang, he became the sole boss of his gang, known as the [[D-Company]]. He was then chiefly involved in gold smuggling, real estate, extortion and drug trafficking. He fled from India to [[Dubai]] in 1986 after being wanted by the [[Mumbai Police]] for the murder of Samad Khan. In the following years he further expanded his gang with the help of his second-in-command [[Chhota Rajan]], with his gang having over 5000 members and bringing in tens of [[crore]]s of rupees in revenue annually by the early 1990s.


He was named by the Indian government as one of the masterminds in the [[1993 Mumbai Attacks]]. Following the attacks, he fled Dubai for [[Karachi]], where he is said to live to this day.
The [[United States Department of the Treasury]] keeps a fact sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate having smuggling routes from [[South Asia]], the [[Middle East]] and [[Africa]] shared with and used by the terrorist organization [[al-Qaeda]]. The fact sheet also says that Ibrahim's syndicate is involved in large-scale shipment of narcotics in the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Western Europe]]. He is also believed to have had contacts with al-Qaeda leader [[Osama bin Laden]]. In the late 1990s, Ibrahim travelled to Afghanistan under the [[Taliban]]'s protection. The syndicate has consistently aimed to destabilise India through [[Religious violence in India|riots]], terrorism, [[civil unrest]] and pumping [[Fake Indian currency note|fake Indian currency notes]] into the country.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-08 |title=Treasury Sanctions Two Indian Nationals and a Company Based in Pakistan for Ties to the South Asian Criminal Network ‘D Company’ |url=https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[United States Department of the Treasury]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Windrem |first=Robert |date=11 July 2006 |title=Possible al-Qaida link to India train attacks |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/13815413 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130311125130/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/13815413/ |archive-date=11 March 2013 |access-date=10 April 2007 |publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref>


The [[United States Department of the Treasury]] [[Office of Foreign Assets Control]] designated Ibrahim as a terrorist on the [[Specially Designated Nationals List]] and the [[Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act]] as part of its international sanctions program, effectively forbidding US financial entities from working with him and seizing assets believed to be under his control.<ref>{{cite web |title=IBRAHIM, Dawood |url=https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/Details.aspx?id=9758 |website=sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov}}</ref> The Department of Treasury keeps a fact sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate having smuggling routes from South Asia, the Middle-East and Africa shared with and used by terrorist organization [[al-Qaeda]]. The fact sheet also said that Ibrahim's syndicate is involved in large-scale shipment of narcotics in the United Kingdom and Western Europe. He is also believed to have had contacts with al-Qaeda leader [[Osama bin-Laden]]. In the late 1990s, Ibrahim traveled to [[Afghanistan]] under the [[Taliban]]'s protection. The syndicate has consistently aimed to destabilise India through riots, terrorism, civil disobedience and pumping fake Indian currency notes into the country.<ref>{{cite news |title=Possible al-Qaida link to India train attacks |publisher=[[NBC News]] |author=Robert Windrem |date=11 July 2006 |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/13815413 |access-date=10 April 2007 }}</ref>
Presently, Ibrahim's criminal activities are terror funding, drug trafficking, [[Arms trafficking in India|gunrunning]], extortion and [[Money laundering in India|money laundering]]. He has also heavily invested in the real estate of [[Real estate in Pakistan|Karachi]], [[Real estate in Dubai|Dubai]] and India. He is believed to control much of the [[hawala]] system, which is the very commonly used [[informal value transfer system|unofficial system for transferring money]] and remittances outside the view of official agents.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":7" />
''[[India Today]]'' reported that Ibrahim provided the logistics for the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]].<ref>[http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&issueid=81&task=view&id=21254&sectionid=4&Itemid=1 India Today] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201082310/http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&issueid=81&task=view&id=21254&sectionid=4&Itemid=1 |date=1 December 2008 }}. Indiatoday.digitaltoday.in (28 November 2008). Retrieved 16 April 2012.</ref>
He was linked to the financing of increasing attacks in [[Gujarat]] by the [[Lashkar-e-Taiba]] (LeT).<ref name="Rediff22">{{cite news |date=17 October 2003 |title=Dawood Ibrahim is a global terrorist: US |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/17daw.htm |access-date=10 April 2007 |work=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> ''[[India Today]]'' reported that Ibrahim provided the logistics for the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]] perpetrated by the LeT.<ref name=":1">[http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&issueid=81&task=view&id=21254&sectionid=4&Itemid=1 Issue 81]. ''[[India Today]]''. 28 November 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2012. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201082310/http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&issueid=81&task=view&id=21254&sectionid=4&Itemid=1|date=1 December 2008}}.</ref>


Presently, Ibrahim's criminal activities are terror funding, drug trafficking, gunrunning, extortion and money laundering. He has also heavily invested in real estate in Karachi, Dubai and India. He is believed to control much of the [[hawala]] system, which is the very commonly used [[informal value transfer system|unofficial system for transferring money]] and remittances outside the view of official agents.
His D-Company criminal syndicate spreads across [[Asia]], [[Europe]] and Africa, with over 40% of its earnings coming from India.<ref name=":8">[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20001231/main1.htm Main News]. ''[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]]''. 31 December 2000. Retrieved 16 April 2012.</ref><ref name=":7" />
He was linked to the financing of increasing attacks in [[Gujarat]] by [[Lashkar-e-Taiba]].<ref name="Rediff"/> In 2006, the government of India handed over to Pakistan, a list of 38 most wanted criminals including Ibrahim.<ref name="ID">{{cite news|title=Bush administration imposes sanctions on India's most wanted criminals Dawood Ibrahim and sai bansod |publisher=IndiaDaily |date=2 June 2006 |url=http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/9367.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212112236/http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/9367.asp |archive-date=12 February 2007 |df=dmy }}</ref> His crime syndicate spreads across Asia, Europe and Africa, with over 40% of its earnings coming from India.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20001231/main1.htm Chandigarh, India&nbsp;– Main News]. ''The Tribune''. (31 December 2000). Retrieved 16 April 2012.</ref><ref>[http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/dec/22isi.htm 'ISI pressured Dawood to carry out Mumbai blasts']. Rediff.com (22 December 2002). Retrieved 16 April 2012.</ref>


==1993 Bombay bombings==
==Sanctions and location==
{{Main|1993 Bombay bombings}}
In 2003, he was designated a global terrorist by the [[Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee]] of the [[United Nations Security Council]] and by the United States for masterminding the 1993 Bombay bombings.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar |url=https://main.un.org/securitycouncil/en/sanctions/1267/aq_sanctions_list/summaries/individual/dawood-ibrahim-kaskar |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[United Nations Security Council]] |publisher=[[United Nations]]}}</ref><ref name=":4" /><ref name="Rediff22" /> The [[Rewards for Justice Program|United States has a reward]] of US$25 million on his head.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=IBRAHIM, Dawood |url=https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/Details.aspx?id=9758 |website=[[Office of Foreign Assets Control]] |publisher=[[United States Department of the Treasury]]}}</ref> Then [[Deputy Prime Minister of India|Indian Deputy Prime Minister]] [[L. K. Advani|Lal Krishna Advani]] described it as a major development. Ibrahim is on the [[NIA Most Wanted]] list in India.<ref name="Rediff22" /> He has also been wanted by Interpol since 1993 for organised crime and forgery.<ref name="Interpol2">{{cite web |title=Shaikh, Dawood Hasan |url=http://www.interpol.int/Wanted-Persons/%28wanted_id%29/1993-14193 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121212010010/http://www.interpol.int/Wanted-Persons/(wanted_id)/1993-14193 |archive-date=12 December 2012 |access-date=30 December 2012 |publisher=[[Interpol]]}}</ref>
Dawood is widely believed to have masterminded the [[1993 Bombay bombings|March 1993 bombings in Bombay]]. In 2003, the Indian and United States governments declared Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist." The Indian Deputy Prime Minister [[L. K. Advani|Lal Krishna Advani]] described it as a major development. Ibrahim is currently on India's "Most Wanted List".<ref name="Rediff">{{cite news |title=Dawood Ibrahim is a global terrorist: US |work=[[Rediff.com]] |date=17 October 2003 |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/17daw.htm |access-date=10 April 2007 }}</ref>


In a public discourse in June 2017, [[Ram Jethmalani]] confirmed that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from [[London]], saying that he was prepared to come to India and stand trial, on the condition that he should not be subjected to any [[Third-degree methods|third degree]] treatment from the police.<ref name="algebra">{{cite web |title=The legend of Ram&nbsp;– a conversation with Ram Jethmalani |url=http://www.algebratheclub.com/event/the-legend-of-ram/ |website=Algebra talks |publisher=Algebra |access-date=13 June 2018}}</ref> Jethmalani had conveyed this to [[Sharad Pawar]], but the politicians in power did not agree to this proposal. As per Jethmalani, their refusal to allow Dawood's return was due to their fears that he would expose their secrets.<ref name="it">{{cite magazine |title=Ram Jethmalani, Sharad Pawar spar over Dawood Ibrahim |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dawood-ibrahim-surrender-ram-jethmalani-sharad-pawar-spar-280635-2015-07-04 |access-date=13 June 2018 |magazine=India Today |date=4 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sharad Pawar: Jethmalani's proposal on Dawood Ibrahim was conditional |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/ram-jethmalanis-proposal-on-dawood-was-conditional-sharad-pawar/ |access-date=13 June 2018 |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>
In the United States, the [[United States Department of the Treasury]] [[Office of Foreign Assets Control]] designates Ibrahim as a terrorist on the [[Specially Designated Nationals List]] and under the [[Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act]] as part of its international sanctions programme, effectively forbidding US financial entities from working with him and seizing assets believed to be under his control.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> In 2006, the [[Federal government of the United States|U.S. government]] announced that it planned to file a petition with the [[United Nations]] requesting that all [[Member states of the United Nations|UN member states]] [[asset freezing|freeze assets]] of Ibrahim and impose a [[travel ban]] on him in order to identify and disrupt the financial links between terrorism and organised crime.<ref name="ID22" />


==Location==
On 21 November 2006, it was ten members of Dawood Ibrahim's D-Company were arrested by the [[Mumbai Crime Branch]] after being extradited from the [[United Arab Emirates]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dubai extradites 10 Dawood aides |url=http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/nov/21arrest.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070603091639/http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/nov/21arrest.htm |archive-date=2007-06-03 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> In 2013, the [[Government of Nepal|Nepalese government]] froze the assets of 224 individuals and 64 entities linked to Dawood Ibrahim as part of an [[Anti–money laundering|anti-money laundering]] campaign.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepal freezes assets of entities with Dawood, Al Qaeda links |url=http://www.indistannews.com/nepal-freezes-assets-of-entities-with-dawood-al-qaeda-links/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131229163322/http://www.indistannews.com/nepal-freezes-assets-of-entities-with-dawood-al-qaeda-links/ |archive-date=2013-12-29 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=Indistan News |language=en-US}}</ref>
Ibrahim is previously assumed to be living in [[Pakistan]] and then in the [[United Arab Emirates]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.in.com/news/current-affairs/bdawood-ibrahim-was-in-pak-till-april-2013-ipl-spotfixing-chargesheetb-50243851-in-1.html |title=Dawood Ibrahim was in Pak till April 2013: IPL spot-fixing chargesheet |publisher=In.com |access-date=12 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319043200/http://www.in.com/news/current-affairs/bdawood-ibrahim-was-in-pak-till-april-2013-ipl-spotfixing-chargesheetb-50243851-in-1.html |archive-date=19 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/588663/dawood-ibrahim-chased-out-of-pakistan-pms-special-envoy/ |title=Dawood Ibrahim chased out of Pakistan: PM's special envoy |work=The Express Tribune |date=9 August 2013 |access-date=12 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/cnnibn-videos/413193/time-crunch-10082013.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019170120/http://ibnlive.in.com/cnnibn-videos/413193/time-crunch-10082013.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 October 2013 |title=Dawood Ibrahim was in Pak till April 2013: IPL spot-fixing chargesheet-CNN-IBN |publisher=IBNLive |date=10 August 2013 |access-date=12 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/dawood-ibrahim-was-here-but-we-chased-him-out-may-be-in-uae-now-shahryar-khan/1153581/ |title=Dawood Ibrahim was here but we chased him out, may be in UAE now: Shahryar Khan |work=The Indian Express |date=10 August 2013 |access-date=12 April 2014}}</ref> India says he has shifted to the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. Indian sources add that "[[Inter-Services Intelligence]] appeared extremely wary of the new US-Indo cooperation to fight terrorism."<ref>{{cite news|author=ET Bureau |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/44943006.cms |title=ISI shifts underworld don Dawood Ibrahim to Pakistan-Afghanistan border&nbsp;— timesofindia-economictimes |newspaper=The Economic Times |publisher=Economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=2014-10-27 |access-date=2015-08-10}}</ref>
On 5 May 2015 MP [[Haribhai Chaudhary]] informed the [[Lok Sabha]] (the [[lower house]] of India's Parliament) that the whereabouts of Ibrahim were unknown.<ref name="ind-exp-inpakistan" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Dawood Ibrahim Whereabouts |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/videos/india/former-officers-contradict-centres-claim-of-dawood-ibrahim-being-untraceable-congress-sees-red-987622.html |newspaper=IBN Live}}</ref> However, on 11 May, [[Rajnath Singh]], the then [[Home Minister of India]], told the parliament that Ibrahim was in Pakistan and he will bring him back to India.<ref name="ind-exp-inpakistan">{{cite news |title=Dawood Ibrahim is in Pakistan, Rajnath assures Lok Sabha |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/dawood-ibrahim-is-in-pakistan-rajnath-assures-lok-sabha/ |access-date=19 May 2015 |newspaper=Indian Express |date=11 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dawood in Pakistan, Will Get Him No Matter What: Rajnath Singh in Parliament |url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dawood-in-pakistan-will-get-him-no-matter-what-rajnath-singh-in-parliament-762125 |access-date=19 May 2015 |publisher=NDTV |date=11 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dawood in pakistan |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/dawood-is-in-pakistan-india-will-leave-no-stone-unturned-to-bring-him-back-rajnath/article1-1345945.aspx |access-date=19 May 2015 |newspaper=Hindustan Times |date=11 May 2015 |archive-date=20 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520204621/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/dawood-is-in-pakistan-india-will-leave-no-stone-unturned-to-bring-him-back-rajnath/article1-1345945.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Rajnath says Dawood is in Pakistan|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dawood-ibrahim-rajnath-singh-pakistan/1/437341.html |access-date=19 May 2015 |magazine=India Today|date=11 May 2015}}</ref>


According to claims of Indian news media ''[[Times Now]]'' on 22 August 2015, Dawood was in [[Karachi]], [[Pakistan]]. According to said media corporation, they had conversation with a woman in Karachi on 22 August 2015. Transcripts of conversations which were published on the news agency's website, in one conversation she said that she is Dawood's wife and "he is sleeping", while in the second conversation she said that there was no one by that name known to her.<ref>{{cite news|agency=Times News Network |url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Dawoods-wife-confirms-her-husband-is-in-Karachi/articleshow/48616473.cms |title=Dawood's wife confirms her husband is in Karachi&nbsp;— The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=August 22, 2015 |access-date=2015-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timesnow.tv/videoshow/4479776.cms |title=TIMES NOW tracks Dawood Ibrahim-News-Exclusives-TIMESNOW.tv&nbsp;— Latest Breaking News, Big News Stories, News Videos |publisher=Timesnow.tv |access-date=2015-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150824080224/http://www.timesnow.tv/videoshow/4479776.cms |archive-date=24 August 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In 2020, the Indian government sold off Dawood's six properties in his ancestral village in [[Ratnagiri district]] in [[Konkan|coastal Konkan]] in Maharashtra. The government organized the [[Online auction|e-auction]] of his properties under the Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Act (SAFEMA), 1976. In November 2017, Dawood's three properties, including the famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, also known as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned off by the government.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-10 |title=Central government sells Dawood Ibrahim’s six properties at Ratnagiri |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/central-government-sells-dawood-ibrahim-s-six-properties-at-ratnagiri/story-fzwPbp3qC9ruDGnfEhlcLP.html |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Varun |title=Dawood Ibrahim's ancestral home in Ratnagiri to be soon put on auction |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-dawood-ibrahim-s-ancestral-home-in-ratnagiri-to-be-soon-put-on-auction-2762013 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[DNA India]] |language=en}}</ref>


According to a dossier prepared by India in August 2015, to be handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses to travel.<ref>{{cite web|title = Dawood Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan, Delhi says|url = http://gulfnews.com/news/asia/pakistan/dawood-ibrahim-has-nine-residences-in-pakistan-delhi-says-1.1571342|website = gulfnews.com| date=23 August 2015 |access-date = 2015-08-24}}</ref>
Many attempts have been made to locate Ibrahim by the Indian intelligence agencies, [[Research and Analysis Wing]] and [[Intelligence Bureau (India)|Intelligence Bureau]] (IB), ever since he went into hiding after the 1993 Bombay bombings. Ibrahim has previously been reported to be in Pakistan or the United Arab Emirates at various times.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2013-08-09 |title=Dawood Ibrahim chased out of Pakistan: PM's special envoy |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/588663/dawood-ibrahim-chased-out-of-pakistan-pms-special-envoy |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[The Express Tribune]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 August 2013 |title=Dawood Ibrahim was here but we chased him out, may be in UAE now: Shahryar Khan |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/dawood-ibrahim-was-here-but-we-chased-him-out-may-be-in-uae-now-shahryar-khan/1153581/ |access-date=12 April 2014 |work=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dawood Ibrahim was in Pak till April 2013: IPL spot-fixing chargesheet |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/cnnibn-videos/413193/time-crunch-10082013.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019170120/http://ibnlive.in.com/cnnibn-videos/413193/time-crunch-10082013.html |archive-date=2013-10-19 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[CNN-IBN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1993 Bombay attack mastermind Dawood Ibrahim is in Pakistan |url=http://dinakaran.com/News_Detail.asp?nid=30254 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108091808/http://dinakaran.com/News_Detail.asp?nid=30254 |archive-date=2012-11-08 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Dinakaran]] |language=ta}}</ref> His current location has been frequently traced to [[Karachi]], Pakistan, a claim which the [[Government of Pakistan|Pakistani authorities]] have frequently denied.<ref name="BanksNevers20072">{{cite book |last1=Banks |first1=William C. |author-link1=William C. Banks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g2UXBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT113 |title=Combating Terrorism: Strategies and Approaches |author2=Nevers |first2=Renée de |author3=Wallerstein |first3=Mitchel B. |author-link3=Mitchel B. Wallerstein |date=1 October 2007 |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]] |isbn=978-1-4833-7092-7 |page=113}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2007 |title=Pakistan denies Dawood's presence on its soil |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/2007/oct/19pakpoll1.htm |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-05-11 |title=Envoy denies Dawood’s presence in Pakistan |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/envoy-denies-dawoods-presence-in-pakistan/article7195012.ece |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=21 March 2013 |title=Exclusive:  This is where Dawood lives in Karachi. A la Osama, the Pakistanis don't know! |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/dawood-ibrahim-sanjay-dutt-1993-mumbai-blasts-pakistan-156738-2013-03-21 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Mail Today]] |publisher=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhalla |first=Abhishek |date=11 August 2013 |title=Pakistan's Dawood lie nailed! RAW report on terrorist's Pak stay shows he wasn't chased out of country |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/raw-report-on-terrorist-dawood-pakistan-stay-shows-he-was-not-chased-out-173450-2013-08-10 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> In an interview with ''[[India Today]]'', Chhota Rajan, a former aide of Ibrahim, with whom he later fell out in 1992, said, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out of Pakistan once in a while but Karachi is his base."<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 1996 |title=I will return to India and face trial but after teaching Dawood a lesson: Chhota Rajan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/interview/story/19960131-i-will-return-to-india-and-face-trial-but-after-teaching-dawood-a-lesson-says-chhota-rajan-833413-1996-01-30 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref>


On 22 August 2020, Pakistan issued two notifications sanctioning key terrorist figures. In it, three addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Saudi Mosque, [[Clifton, Karachi|Clifton]]" in Karachi, Pakistan; in addition to "House Nu 37 – 30th Street – [[Defence Housing Authority, Karachi|defence, Housing Authority]], Karachi" and "Palatial bungalow in the hilly area of Noorabad in Karachi".<ref>{{cite web|title = Where does Dawood Ibrahim live in Karachi? Pakistan has three addresses|url = https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/where-does-dawood-ibrahim-live-in-karachi-pakistan-has-three-addresses/story-yQQycwMwEOePyQSc6PluZI.html|website = Hindustan Times|date = 23 August 2020|access-date = 2020-08-23}}</ref> Pakistan denied it was admitting he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications only contained what was listed in the list of sanctioned individuals and the entities belonging to the [[United Nations]].<ref name="IndiaToday">{{cite web|title = Now, Pakistan denies presence of Dawood Ibrahim in Karachi, says media claims are baseless|url = https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pakistan-denies-presence-dawood-ibrahim-karachi-baseless-un-india-grey-list-fatf-1714095-2020-08-23|website = India Today|access-date = 2020-08-23}}</ref> He had been designated by the [[Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee]] with those addresses in 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AQ Sanctions List |url=https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/sanctions/1267/aq_sanctions_list |website=[[un.org]]}}</ref>
In 2006, the government of India handed over to Pakistan, a list of 38 most wanted criminals including Ibrahim.<ref name="ID22">{{cite news |date=2 June 2006 |title=Bush administration imposes sanctions on India's most wanted criminals |url=http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/9367.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070212112236/http://www.indiadaily.com/editorial/9367.asp |archive-date=12 February 2007 |publisher=India Daily |df=dmy}}</ref>


== Search for Dawood Ibrahim ==
On 11 May, [[Rajnath Singh]], the then [[Home Minister of India]], told the parliament that Ibrahim was in Pakistan and he will bring him back to India.<ref name="ind-exp-inpakistan2">{{cite news |date=11 May 2015 |title=Dawood Ibrahim is in Pakistan, Rajnath assures Lok Sabha |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/dawood-ibrahim-is-in-pakistan-rajnath-assures-lok-sabha/ |access-date=19 May 2015 |newspaper=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |date=11 May 2015 |title=Rajnath says Dawood is in Pakistan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dawood-ibrahim-rajnath-singh-pakistan-252303-2015-05-08 |access-date=19 May 2015 |magazine=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Former officers contradict centre's claim of Dawood Ibrahim being untraceable |url=http://www.ibnlive.com/videos/india/former-officers-contradict-centres-claim-of-dawood-ibrahim-being-untraceable-congress-sees-red-987622.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202102219/http://www.ibnlive.com/videos/india/former-officers-contradict-centres-claim-of-dawood-ibrahim-being-untraceable-congress-sees-red-987622.html |archive-date=2 February 2016 |access-date=8 June 2015 |newspaper=[[IBN Live]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Dawood in Pakistan, Will Get Him No Matter What: Rajnath Singh in Parliament |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dawood-in-pakistan-will-get-him-no-matter-what-rajnath-singh-in-parliament-762125 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250703110111/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dawood-in-pakistan-will-get-him-no-matter-what-rajnath-singh-in-parliament-762125 |archive-date=2025-07-03 |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[NDTV]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dawood in Pakistan, we will get him back: Rajnath Singh |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/dawood-is-in-pakistan-india-will-leave-no-stone-unturned-to-bring-him-back-rajnath/article1-1345945.aspx |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20150919104123/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/dawood-is-in-pakistan-india-will-leave-no-stone-unturned-to-bring-him-back-rajnath/article1-1345945.aspx |archive-date=2015-09-19 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref> The claims were further established in August 2015, when a phone call made to his home by an Indian television channel, ''[[Times Now]]'', was answered by his wife, who confirmed his presence at their home in Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Times Now tracks Dawood Ibrahim |url=http://www.timesnow.tv/videoshow/4479776.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150824080224/http://www.timesnow.tv/videoshow/4479776.cms |archive-date=2015-08-24 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Times Now]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-08-22 |title=Dawood's wife confirms her husband is in Karachi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Dawoods-wife-confirms-her-husband-is-in-Karachi/articleshow/48616473.cms |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> According to a dossier on Ibrahim prepared by Indian intelligence agencies in August 2015, to be handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses to travel.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=15 September 2018 |title=Dawood Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan, Delhi says |url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/dawood-ibrahim-has-nine-residences-in-pakistan-delhi-says-1.1571342 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Gulf News]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=22 August 2015 |title=Dawood Ibrahim purchased property close to Bhutto son's house in 2013 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/dawood-ibrahim-purchased-property-close-to-bhutto-sons-house-in-2013/article7569182.ece |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2015 |title=Dawood Ibrahim’s new residence in Karachi near Bilawal’s residence |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/india-has-evidence-of-dawood-ibrahim-living-in-pakistan-report/ |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref>{{Excerpt|Organised crime in Pakistan|paragraphs=2|hat=no}}On 22 August 2020, Pakistan amid looming [[Financial Action Task Force]] sanctions issued two notifications listing and sanctioning key terrorist figures including Dawood and 87 others.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2020 |title=Dawood Ibrahim Will Never Face Trial In India; No Closure For Families Of Mumbai Blasts Victims |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/news-analysis-dawood-ibrahim-will-never-face-trial-in-india-no-closure-for-families-of-mumbai-blasts-victims-news-359194 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[Outlook India]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="IndiaToday" /> In it, three addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Saudi Mosque, [[Clifton, Karachi|Clifton]]" in Karachi, Pakistan; in addition to "House No. 37 – 30th Street – [[Defence Housing Authority, Karachi|defence, Housing Authority]], Karachi" and "Palatial bungalow in the hilly area of Noorabad in Karachi".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 August 2020 |title=Where does Dawood Ibrahim live in Karachi? Pakistan has three addresses |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/where-does-dawood-ibrahim-live-in-karachi-pakistan-has-three-addresses/story-yQQycwMwEOePyQSc6PluZI.html |access-date=2020-08-23 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> Pakistan denied it was admitting he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications only contained what was listed in the list of sanctioned individuals and the entities belonging to the United Nations.<ref name="IndiaToday">{{cite web |date=23 August 2020 |title=Now, Pakistan denies presence of Dawood Ibrahim in Karachi, says media claims are baseless |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pakistan-denies-presence-dawood-ibrahim-karachi-baseless-un-india-grey-list-fatf-1714095-2020-08-23 |access-date=2020-08-23 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref> He had been designated by the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee of the United Nations Security Council with those addresses in 2003.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=AQ Sanctions List |url=https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/sanctions/1267/aq_sanctions_list |website=[[United Nations Security Council]] |publisher=[[United Nations]]}}</ref>
He was third on Forbes's ''The World's 10 Most Wanted list'' from 2010 until it stopped publishing the list in 2011,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/2010/05/13/bin-laden-joaquin-guzman-dawood-ibrahim-business-world-most-wanted.html|title=The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives|last1=Vardi|first1=Nathan|website=Forbes|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref> and is designated a "global terrorist".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/17daw.htm|title=Dawood Ibrahim is a global terrorist: US|date=17 October 2003|work=Rediff|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref> Many attempts have been made to locate Ibrahim by the Indian intelligence agencies, [[Research and Analysis Wing]] and [[Intelligence Bureau (India)|Intelligence Bureau]] (IB), ever since he went into hiding. His location has been frequently traced to [[Karachi]], [[Pakistan]], a claim which the Pakistani authorities have frequently denied.<ref name="BanksNevers2007">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g2UXBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT113|title=Combating Terrorism: Strategies and Approaches|author1=William C. Banks|author2=Renée de Nevers|author3=Mitchel B. Wallerstein|date=1 October 2007|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4833-7092-7|page=113}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/oct/19pakpoll1.htm|title=Pakistan denies Dawood's presence on its soil|date=19 October 2007|work=Rediff|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/envoy-denies-dawoods-presence-in-pakistan/article7195012.ece|title=Envoy denies Dawood's presence in Pakistan|last1=Khan|first1=Atiq|date=12 May 2015|work=The Hindu|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dawood-ibrahim-sanjay-dutt-1993-mumbai-blasts--pakistan/1/258887.html|title=Exclusive: This is where Dawood lives in Karachi. A la Osama, the Pakistanis don't know!|date=22 March 2013|work=India Today|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/raw-report-on-terrorist-dawood-pakistan-stay-shows-he-was-not-chased-out/1/298998.html|title=Pakistan's Dawood lie nailed! RAW report on terrorist's Pak stay shows he wasn't chased out of country|date=11 August 2013|work=India Today|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref> The claims were further established in August 2015, when a phone call made to his home by an Indian television channel, ''[[Times Now]]'', was answered by his wife, who confirmed his presence at their home in Karachi. The Indian intelligence agencies immediately prepared a [[Dossier criminal|dossier]] of Ibrahim which included evidence of his location in Karachi, among other evidence. It was to be presented at the [[National Security Agency]]-level talks between the two countries in the same month, which was however, called off due to political reasons.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/dawood-ibrahim-purchased-property-close-to-bhutto-sons-house-in-2013/article7569182.ece|title=Indian dossier lists don Dawood Ibrahim's Pakistan assets|last1=Singh|first1=Vijaota|date=23 August 2015|work=The Hindu|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/india-has-evidence-of-dawood-ibrahim-living-in-pakistan-report/|title=Dawood Ibrahim's new home in Karachi near Bilawal's residence|last1=Chowdhury|first1=Sagnik|date=23 August 2013|work=The Indian Express|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref>


In an interview with ''[[India Today]]'', [[Chhota Rajan]], a former aide of Ibrahim, who he later fell out with in 1992, said that, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out of Pakistan once in a while but Karachi is his base."<ref>{{cite journal|date=31 January 1996|title='I gave the instructions for Wahid's killing'|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/i-will-return-to-india-and-face-trial-but-after-teaching-dawood-a-lesson-says-chhota-rajan/1/281836.html|journal=[[India Today]]|access-date=23 August 2015}}</ref>
==Personal life and family==
Ibrahim's wife is Mahjabeen Shaikh {{Aka}} Zubeena Zareen.<ref name=":5">{{Cite news |date=2015-10-29 |title=It's official: Ahead of NSA talks fresh photo passport copy of Dawood confirm he's in Pakistan |url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/its-official-again-ahead-of-nsa-talks-fresh-photo-passport-copy-of-dawood-confirm-hes-in-pakistan-2403302.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20170126135426/http://www.firstpost.com/india/its-official-again-ahead-of-nsa-talks-fresh-photo-passport-copy-of-dawood-confirm-hes-in-pakistan-2403302.html |archive-date=2017-01-26 |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[Firstpost]] |language=en-US}}</ref>


==Chhota Rajan vs Dawood Ibrahim==
In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, married Junaid Miandad, the son of Pakistani cricketer [[Javed Miandad]].<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |date=12 September 2006 |title=Profile: India's fugitive gangster |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4775531.stm |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ex-Pak cricketer Javed Miandad praises Dawood Ibrahim, says 'he did a lot for Muslims' |url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/sports/cricket/ex-pak-cricketer-javed-miandad-praises-dawood-ibrahim-says-he-did-a-lot-for-muslims/ar-BB1kaBhW |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[MSN]]}}</ref> In 2011, his daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, a [[Pakistani Americans|Pakistani-American]].<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2011 |title=Tale behind weddings of Dawood Ibrahim's children |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/neighbours/story/dawood-ibrahim-children-weddings-142619-2011-10-03 |access-date=2015-08-10 |publisher=[[India Today]]}}</ref>  
[[Chhota Rajan]] is believed to have assisted intelligence agencies in getting a low down on the activities of the [[D-Company]] and its members by using his intimate knowledge of the criminal  and its operations from his experience. To reinforce his reputation as a patriotic gangster don, Chhota Rajan threatened to brutally murder those accused of engineering the [[1993 Bombay bombings]].<ref>[https://scroll.in/article/764928/the-patriotic-don-chhota-rajan-was-said-to-be-helping-india-find-dawood-ibrahim Chhota Rajan, The ‘Patriotic Don’] – Scroll.IN Reporting</ref> Saleem ‘Kurla’ in April 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran in June 1998 and Majeed Khan on 1 March 1999 were shot dead.


It is reported that selective police action against the Ibrahim crime syndicate during the Shiv Sena administration and its subsequent decline through [[encounter killings]] helped strengthen Chhota Rajan's position in the underworld.<ref>{{cite news |last=Joseph |first=Josy |title=Rajan, a spent force... |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sunday-anchor/Chhota-Rajan-a-spent-force.../article60492965.ece |access-date=7 January 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=31 October 2015 |language=en-IN}}</ref> This is similar to how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted from the 1980s police campaign against the [[Pathans]].<ref>[https://www.pressreader.com/india/mid-day/20170623/283502206014997 Police Action During Mumbai Gang Wars] – Press Reader Reporting</ref> The Shiv Sena laid bare its affection for Chhota Rajan in an editorial in the [[Saamna]] newspaper, its mouthpiece, edited by [[Bal Thackeray]]. The editorial heaved a sigh of relief, attributing Chhota Rajan's survival to "good fortune" resulting from divine grace. The  Pakistani [[Inter-Services Intelligence]] (ISI) was believed to be behind the attempted assassination of Chhota Rajan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ketan.net/art1_13.html |title=www.ketan.net |access-date=2008-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624012337/http://www.ketan.net/art1_13.html |archive-date=2008-06-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
His only son Moin married Saniya, daughter of a London-based businessman on 25 September 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Sharma |first=Deepak |date=September 28, 2011 |title=Dawood's son Moin marries London girl in Karachi |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/neighbours/story/dawood-ibrahim-son-moin-ibrahim-marriage-142203-2011-09-28 |website=[[India Today]]}}</ref> Moin lives in Karachi, Pakistan where he teaches in a mosque, having [[Hafiz (Quran)|memorized the Qur'an]] and become a [[Mawlānā|maulana]], while being critical of his father's criminal activities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2017 |title=Dawood Ibrahim's only son becomes 'maulana', gives underworld don fits of depression over legacy |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1570902/3-dawood-ibrahims-son-becomes-maulana-gives-underworld-don-fits-depression-legacy |website=[[The Express Tribune]]}}</ref>


In February 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan associates gunned down [[Nepal]]i media baron [[Jamim Shah]] point blank in broad daylight as he was driving to his residence on a public road.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/south-asia/Indian-contract-killer-targets-Dawoods-man-in-Nepal-jail/articleshow/7670573.cms | title='Indian' contract killer targets 'Dawood's man' in Nepal jail | date=10 March 2011 | newspaper=Times Of India | access-date=6 January 2019 }}</ref> Shah ostensibly had links with Dawood Ibrahim and was the mastermind of a racket producing [[counterfeit]] Indian currency within Nepal. His anti-Indian criminal activities had rankled the [[India]]n government for more than a decade and half prior.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/Story/83097/India/Chhota+Rajan+gang+killed+Nepal+baron.html|title=Chhota Rajan gang killed Nepal baron|newspaper=[[India Today]]|access-date=24 August 2018}}</ref>
Several of his family members, including his brother, Iqbal, live in Mumbai, and he is the owner of several properties in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 November 2009 |title=Unfair to deny passport for being Dawood's brother: Kaskar |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/unfair-to-deny-passport-for-being-dawoods-brother-kaskar/ |website=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref> In May 2015, Dawood Ibrahim's estimated net worth was {{USD|6.7 billion}}.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2017 |title=Dawood Ibrahim is 2nd richest gangster of all time; 10 things about most wanted global terrorist |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dawood-ibrahim-pakistan-karachi-974276-2017-04-29 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref>


==Family==
In 2013, former Indian cricketer [[Dilip Vengsarkar]] claimed that in 1986, Dawood Ibrahim entered the [[India national cricket team|Indian team]]'s dressing room in [[Sharjah Cricket Stadium|Sharjah]] and offered each Indian player a car if they defeated Pakistan in the final of the [[Sharjah Cup]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-10-28 |title=Dawood entered Indian dressing room in 1986, offered cars to players: Vengsarkar |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/top-stories/Dawood-entered-Indian-dressing-room-in-1986-offered-cars-to-players-Vengsarkar/articleshow/24822450.cms |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, married Junaid Miandad, the son of Pakistani cricketer [[Javed Miandad]].<ref name=BBC>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4775531.stm |work=BBC News |title=Profile: India's fugitive gangster |date=12 September 2006 }}</ref> In 2011, his daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, a Pakistani – American.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dawood-ibrahim-children-weddings/1/153745.html |title=Tale behind weddings of Dawood Ibrahim's children : Neighbours, News&nbsp;— India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |access-date=2015-08-10}}</ref> His son Moin married Saniya, daughter of a London-based businessman on 25 September 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/neighbours/story/dawood-ibrahim-son-moin-ibrahim-marriage-142203-2011-09-28|title=Dawood's son Moin marries London girl in Karachi|last1=Deepak Sharma New|date=September 28, 2011|website=India Today}}</ref> Several of his family members, including his brother, Iqbal, live in Mumbai.<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 November 2009|title=Unfair to deny passport for being Dawood's brother: Kaskar|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/unfair-to-deny-passport-for-being-dawoods-brother-kaskar/}}</ref>


==In popular culture==
==In popular culture==
Ibrahim and his syndicate [[D-Company]] have been linked to the financing of the [[Bollywood]] film industry. A number of Bollywood studios and films were financed by D-Company in the 1980s and 1990s. Ibrahim was linked to a number of celebrities during that time, including the beauty pageant contestant [[Anita Ayoob]] and the Bollywood actress [[Mandakini (actress)|Mandakini]]. D-Company is also known for extortion and threats targeted towards Bollywood producers and celebrities, and was involved in the murders of Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and [[Gulshan Kumar]].<ref>[https://www.scoopwhoop.com/inothernews/bollywood-underworld-connection/ 10 Times Bollywood Actors Crossed Paths With The Underworld], [[ScoopWhoop]], 11 August 2015</ref>


[[Vijay Maurya]] portrayed him in the film [[Black Friday (2004 film)|Black Friday]] (2004), directed by [[Anurag Kashyap]]. The 2002 film [[Company (2002 film)|Company]] is loosely based on D-Company's activities, the 2005 film [[D (film)|D]], 2007 film [[Risk (2007 film)|Risk]], as well as [[Shootout at Lokhandwala]] (2007), the 2010 film [[Once Upon a Time in Mumbai]] and its sequel, 2013 film [[Once Upon ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara!]], another 2013 film [[D-Day (2013 film)|D-Day]].<ref name=em>{{cite web |title=Akshay to play dreaded don Dawood? |url=http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/films-music/akshay-to-play-dreaded-don-dawood-2011-03-07-1.364805 |date=7 March 2011|publisher=Emirates247 }}</ref> The 2013 movie [[Shootout at Wadala]] is based on the rise of the D-Company. The titular antagonist in the 2016 Indian action-drama film, ''[[Dongri Ka Raja]]'', is based on Ibrahim and is portrayed by [[Gashmeer Mahajani]]. The film [[Haseena Parkar]] (2017) is a biographical crime film based on his sister, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 movie [[Daddy (2017 film)|Daddy]] was based on one of his rival ''[[Arun Gawli]]'' where ''[[Farhan Akhtar]]'' portrayed as Maqsood, loosely based on Ibrahim. A comedy movie was also released in 2017, [[Coffee with D]].
=== Bollywood ===
 
Ibrahim and his criminal syndicate [[D-Company]] have been linked to the financing of the [[Bollywood]] film industry. A number of Bollywood studios and films were financed by D-Company in the 1980s and 1990s. Ibrahim was linked to a number of celebrities during that time, including the beauty pageant contestant [[Anita Ayoob]] and the Bollywood actress [[Mandakini (actress)|Mandakini]]. D-Company is also known for extortion and threats targeted towards Bollywood producers and celebrities, and was involved in the murders of Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and [[Gulshan Kumar]].<ref>[https://www.scoopwhoop.com/inothernews/bollywood-underworld-connection/ 10 Times Bollywood Actors Crossed Paths With The Underworld]. ''[[ScoopWhoop]]''. 11 August 2015.</ref>
The 2018 video game ''[[Hitman 2 (2018 video game)|Hitman 2]]'' features a Mumbai crime lord active in the movie industry called "Dawood Rangan" as a target, presumably as a reference to Ibrahim himself.
 
[[Vijay Maurya]] portrayed him in the [[Anurag Kashyap]] film ''[[Black Friday (2004 film)|Black Friday]]'' (2004), which is based on the 1993 Bombay bombings. The 2002 film ''[[Company (2002 film)|Company]]'' is loosely based on D-Company's activities, as were ''[[D (film)|D]]'' (2005), ''[[Risk (2007 film)|Risk]]'' (2007), ''[[Shootout at Lokhandwala]]'' (2007) and its sequel [[Shootout at Wadala]] (2013), ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]'' (2010) and its sequel ''[[Once Upon ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara!]]'' (2013), and [[D-Day (2013 film)|''D-Day'']] (2013).<ref name="em">{{cite web |date=7 March 2011 |title=Akshay to play dreaded don Dawood? |url=http://www.emirates247.com/entertainment/films-music/akshay-to-play-dreaded-don-dawood-2011-03-07-1.364805 |publisher=[[Emirates247]]}}</ref> The titular antagonist in the 2016 Indian action-drama film, ''[[Dongri Ka Raja]]'', is based on Ibrahim and is portrayed by [[Gashmeer Mahajani]]. The film ''[[Haseena Parkar]]'' (2017) is a biographical crime film based on his sister, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 film, [[Daddy (2017 film)|''Daddy'']], which is based on [[Arun Gawli]], one of Ibrahim's rivals, saw [[Farhan Akhtar]] portray Maqsood, a character loosely based on Ibrahim. ''[[Coffee with D]]'', a comedy film about Ibrahim released in 2017. He is portrayed by Danish Iqbal in the 2026 Indian spy thriller film ''[[Dhurandhar: The Revenge]]''.
 
==== Actors who have portrayed Dawood Ibrahim in films ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Film
!Actor
!Character's name
!Lead role
!Story
|-
|2002
|''[[Company (2002 film)|Company]]''
|[[Ajay Devgn]]
|Malik
|{{Ya}}
|Based on true events
|-
|2004
|''[[Black Friday (2004 film)|Black Friday]]''
|[[Vijay Maurya]]
|Dawood Ibrahim
|{{Na}}
|Biographical
|-
|2005
|''[[D (film)|D]]''
|[[Randeep Hooda]]
|Deshu
|{{Ya}}
|rowspan="2" |Fictional
|-
|rowspan="2" |2007
|''[[Risk (2007 film)|Risk]]''
|[[Vinod Khanna]]
|Khalid Bin Jamal
|{{Ya}}
|-
|''[[Shootout at Lokhandwala]]''
|Unknown
|Big Boss
|{{Na}}
|Biographical
|-
|2010
|''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]''
|[[Emraan Hashmi]]
| rowspan="2" |Shoaib Khan
|{{Ya}}
|Based on true events
|-
| rowspan="3" |2013
|''[[Once Upon ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara!|Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai Dobaara!]]''
|[[Akshay Kumar]]
|{{Ya}}
|Fictional
|-
|''[[Shootout at Wadala]]''
|[[Sonu Sood]]
|Dilawar Imtiaz Haksar
|{{Na}}
|Biographical
|-
|[[D-Day (2013 film)|''D-Day'']]
|[[Rishi Kapoor]]
|Iqbal Seth {{Aka}} Goldman
|{{Ya}}
|Fictional
|-
| rowspan="3" |2017
|[[Daddy (2017 film)|''Daddy'']]
|[[Farhan Akhtar]]
|Maqsood
|{{Na}}
| rowspan="2" |Biographical
|-
|''[[Haseena Parkar]]''
|[[Siddhanth Kapoor]]
|Dawood Ibrahim
|{{Na}}
|-
|''[[Coffee with D]]''
|[[Zakir Hussain (actor)|Zakir Hussain]]
|D
|{{Ya}}
|Fictional
|-
|2022
|''[[An Action Hero]]''
|Gautam Joglekar
|Masood Abraham Katkar
|{{Na}}
|Fictional
|-
|2026
|''[[Dhurandhar: The Revenge]]''
|Danish Iqbal
|Dawood Ibrahim
|{{Na}}
|Based on true events
|}
 
=== Video games ===
The 2018 video game ''[[Hitman 2 (2018 video game)|Hitman 2]]'' features a Mumbai crime lord "Dawood Rangan" who is active in the Indian film industry, presumably as a reference to Ibrahim himself.
 
=== Non-fiction books ===
''[[Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades of the Mumbai Mafia]]'' and ''[[Byculla to Bangkok]]'' are non-fiction books by former Indian investigative journalist [[Hussain Zaidi]]. They trace the evolution of the Mumbai mafia. ''Shootout at Wadala'' is based on ''Dongri to Dubai''.


''[[Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades of the Mumbai Mafia]]'' and ''[[Byculla to Bangkok]]'' are non-fiction books by former Indian investigative journalist [[Hussain Zaidi]]. They trace the evolution of the Mumbai mafia. ''[[Shootout at Wadala]]'' is based on ''Dongri to Dubai''.
B. V. Kumar wrote ''DRI and the Dons'', an English-language book about Dawood Ibrahim.


==See also==
==See also==
 
{{Portal|India|Pakistan
}}
* [[List of fugitives from justice who disappeared]]
* [[List of fugitives from justice who disappeared]]
* [[Organised crime in India]]
* [[Organised crime in India]]
* [[Tiger Memon]]
* [[Tiger Memon]]
* [[Yakub Memon]]
* [[Yakub Memon]]
*[[Chhota Shakeel]]
* [[Chhota Shakeel]]
*[[Chhota Rajan]]


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/at-home-in-exile/210415 At Home In Exile]
* [http://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/at-home-in-exile/210415 At Home In Exile]. [[Outlook (Indian magazine)|''Outlook India'']].
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4775531.stm BBC Profile on Ibrahim]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4775531.stm BBC Profile on Ibrahim]. [[BBC News]].
* [http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1607/16070420.htm Mumbai's Mafia War]
* [http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1607/16070420.htm Mumbai's Mafia War]. [[Frontline (magazine)|''Frontline'']].


{{Authority control}}
{{Fugitives wanted by India}}
{{Fugitives wanted by India}}
{{2008 Mumbai attacks}}
{{Organised crime in India}}
{{Organised crime in India}}


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[[Category:Indian expatriates in the United Arab Emirates]]
[[Category:Indian expatriates in the United Arab Emirates]]
[[Category:Indian crime bosses]]
[[Category:Indian crime bosses]]
[[Category:Indian money launderers]]
[[Category:Indian people convicted of money laundering]]
[[Category:Indian smugglers]]
[[Category:Indian smugglers]]
[[Category:Konkani Muslims]]
[[Category:Konkani Muslims]]

Latest revision as of 01:37, 30 March 2026

Dawood Ibrahim
Born
Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar

(1955-12-26) 26 December 1955 (age 70)
Khed, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Occupation
Years active1976–present
OrganizationD-Company
Opponent(s)
RelativesShabir Ibrahim Kaskar (brother; deceased)
Criminal chargeOrganised crime, drug trafficking, extortion, targeted killing, terrorism, narcoterrorism burglary, raping
Wanted by
Wanted since1993

Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar (/ɪbrəˈhiːm/ (About this soundlisten); born 26 December 1955) is an Indian gangster, mob boss, drug lord[1] and narcoterrorist.[2][3] He is the leader of the organised crime syndicate D-Company, which he founded in Mumbai in the 1970s.[4][5][6][7] Ibrahim is wanted on multiple charges of murder, extortion, targeted killing, drug trafficking and terrorism among others.

He has been reported to live in Karachi, Pakistan, though the government of Pakistan denies it.[8]

He was designated a global terrorist by the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee of the United Nations Security Council and by the United States in 2003 for masterminding the 1993 Bombay bombings and is said to have an influence in 26/11 attacks.[9][10] The United States has a bounty of US$25 million on his head.

In a Time list of the world's most notorious mob bosses, Ibrahim was ranked 9th.[11] Ibrahim was third on Forbes' "The World's 10 Most Wanted" list from 2010 until it stopped publishing the list in 2011. In 2011, he was named number two on "The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives" by the US Federal Bureau of Investigation.[12][13][14]

Early life[edit | edit source]

Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar was born on 26 December 1955 to a Konkani Muslim family in Khed in Maharashtra, India.[15][16] His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked as a head constable with the Mumbai Police and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.[17] He lived in the Temkar Mohalla area of Dongri, Mumbai and attended Ahmed Sailor High School, from which he dropped out.

Crime and terrorism[edit | edit source]

Main articles: Organised crime in India, D-Company, 1993 Bombay bombings, and 2008 Mumbai attacks

Dawood started committing fraud, theft and robbery while still in his teens. In Dongri, he first came into contact with the gangster Haji Mastan, after he attacked two of Ibrahim's men.[18] Eventually, he joined the gang of local gangster and don Baashu Dada, part of the local organised crime syndicate. In the late 1970s, he later split from the gang, creating his own gang with his elder brother Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar. After Shabir was killed by the rival Pathan gang of Karim Lala, he became the sole boss of his gang and later criminal syndicate D-Company. He was then chiefly involved in gold smuggling, real estate, extortion and drug trafficking. He fled from India to Dubai in 1986 after being wanted by the Mumbai Police for the murder of Samad Khan. In the following years, he further expanded his gang with the help of his second-in-command Chhota Rajan, with his gang having over 5000 members and bringing in hundreds of millions of rupees in revenue annually by the early 1990s.

Ibrahim had a long-standing feud with notorious Indian criminal Manya Surve.

Dawood is widely believed to have masterminded the March 1993 bombings in Bombay.[19] In a public discourse in June 2017, Ram Jethmalani confirmed that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from London, saying that he was prepared to come to India and stand trial, on the condition that he should not be subjected to any third degree treatment from the police.[20] Jethmalani had conveyed this to Sharad Pawar, but the politicians in power did not agree to this proposal. As per Jethmalani, their refusal to allow Dawood's return was due to their fears that he would expose their secrets.[21][22]

Following the attacks, he fled Dubai for Karachi, Pakistan where he is said to live to this day.

It is reported that selective police action against the D-Company during the Shiv Sena administration and its subsequent decline through encounter killings helped strengthen former Ibrahim aide Chhota Rajan's position in the underworld.[23] This is similar to how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted from the 1980s police campaign against the Pathan gang.[24] The Shiv Sena laid bare its affection for Rajan in an editorial in the Saamana newspaper, its mouthpiece, edited by Bal Thackeray. The editorial heaved a sigh of relief, attributing Rajan's survival to "good fortune" resulting from divine grace.[25] To reinforce his reputation as a 'patriotic don', Rajan threatened to brutally murder those accused of engineering the 1993 Bombay bombings. Saleem "Kurla" in April 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran in June 1998 and Majeed Khan on 1 March 1999 were shot dead.[26] Rajan is believed to have assisted Indian intelligence agencies in understanding the activities of the D-Company and its members by using his intimate knowledge of the criminal organisation and its operations from his experience. The Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) was subsequently believed to be behind an attempted assassination of Rajan.[25]

In February 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan associates gunned down Nepali media baron Jamim Shah point blank in broad daylight as he was driving to his residence on a public road. Shah ostensibly had links with Ibrahim and was the mastermind of a racket producing counterfeit Indian currency within Nepal. His anti-Indian criminal activities had rankled the Indian government for more than a decade and a half prior.[27][28]

The United States Department of the Treasury keeps a fact sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate having smuggling routes from South Asia, the Middle East and Africa shared with and used by the terrorist organization al-Qaeda. The fact sheet also says that Ibrahim's syndicate is involved in large-scale shipment of narcotics in the United Kingdom and Western Europe. He is also believed to have had contacts with al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. In the late 1990s, Ibrahim travelled to Afghanistan under the Taliban's protection. The syndicate has consistently aimed to destabilise India through riots, terrorism, civil unrest and pumping fake Indian currency notes into the country.[10][29]

Presently, Ibrahim's criminal activities are terror funding, drug trafficking, gunrunning, extortion and money laundering. He has also heavily invested in the real estate of Karachi, Dubai and India. He is believed to control much of the hawala system, which is the very commonly used unofficial system for transferring money and remittances outside the view of official agents.[30][19] He was linked to the financing of increasing attacks in Gujarat by the Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT).[31] India Today reported that Ibrahim provided the logistics for the 2008 Mumbai attacks perpetrated by the LeT.[32]

His D-Company criminal syndicate spreads across Asia, Europe and Africa, with over 40% of its earnings coming from India.[30][19]

Sanctions and location[edit | edit source]

In 2003, he was designated a global terrorist by the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee of the United Nations Security Council and by the United States for masterminding the 1993 Bombay bombings.[9][33][31] The United States has a reward of US$25 million on his head.[34] Then Indian Deputy Prime Minister Lal Krishna Advani described it as a major development. Ibrahim is on the NIA Most Wanted list in India.[31] He has also been wanted by Interpol since 1993 for organised crime and forgery.[35]

In the United States, the United States Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control designates Ibrahim as a terrorist on the Specially Designated Nationals List and under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act as part of its international sanctions programme, effectively forbidding US financial entities from working with him and seizing assets believed to be under his control.[34][10] In 2006, the U.S. government announced that it planned to file a petition with the United Nations requesting that all UN member states freeze assets of Ibrahim and impose a travel ban on him in order to identify and disrupt the financial links between terrorism and organised crime.[36]

On 21 November 2006, it was ten members of Dawood Ibrahim's D-Company were arrested by the Mumbai Crime Branch after being extradited from the United Arab Emirates.[37] In 2013, the Nepalese government froze the assets of 224 individuals and 64 entities linked to Dawood Ibrahim as part of an anti-money laundering campaign.[38]

In 2020, the Indian government sold off Dawood's six properties in his ancestral village in Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan in Maharashtra. The government organized the e-auction of his properties under the Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture of Property) Act (SAFEMA), 1976. In November 2017, Dawood's three properties, including the famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, also known as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned off by the government.[39][40]

Many attempts have been made to locate Ibrahim by the Indian intelligence agencies, Research and Analysis Wing and Intelligence Bureau (IB), ever since he went into hiding after the 1993 Bombay bombings. Ibrahim has previously been reported to be in Pakistan or the United Arab Emirates at various times.[41][42][43][44] His current location has been frequently traced to Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have frequently denied.[45][46][47][48][49] In an interview with India Today, Chhota Rajan, a former aide of Ibrahim, with whom he later fell out in 1992, said, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out of Pakistan once in a while but Karachi is his base."[50]

In 2006, the government of India handed over to Pakistan, a list of 38 most wanted criminals including Ibrahim.[36]

On 11 May, Rajnath Singh, the then Home Minister of India, told the parliament that Ibrahim was in Pakistan and he will bring him back to India.[51][52][53][54][55] The claims were further established in August 2015, when a phone call made to his home by an Indian television channel, Times Now, was answered by his wife, who confirmed his presence at their home in Karachi.[56][57] According to a dossier on Ibrahim prepared by Indian intelligence agencies in August 2015, to be handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses to travel.[58][59][60][61]

page-not-found

On 22 August 2020, Pakistan amid looming Financial Action Task Force sanctions issued two notifications listing and sanctioning key terrorist figures including Dawood and 87 others.[62][8] In it, three addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Saudi Mosque, Clifton" in Karachi, Pakistan; in addition to "House No. 37 – 30th Street – defence, Housing Authority, Karachi" and "Palatial bungalow in the hilly area of Noorabad in Karachi".[63] Pakistan denied it was admitting he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications only contained what was listed in the list of sanctioned individuals and the entities belonging to the United Nations.[8] He had been designated by the Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee of the United Nations Security Council with those addresses in 2003.[33]

Personal life and family[edit | edit source]

Ibrahim's wife is Mahjabeen Shaikh a.k.a. Zubeena Zareen.[58]

In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, married Junaid Miandad, the son of Pakistani cricketer Javed Miandad.[64][65] In 2011, his daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, a Pakistani-American.[66]

His only son Moin married Saniya, daughter of a London-based businessman on 25 September 2011.[67] Moin lives in Karachi, Pakistan where he teaches in a mosque, having memorized the Qur'an and become a maulana, while being critical of his father's criminal activities.[68]

Several of his family members, including his brother, Iqbal, live in Mumbai, and he is the owner of several properties in the city.[69] In May 2015, Dawood Ibrahim's estimated net worth was US$6.7 billion.[70]

In 2013, former Indian cricketer Dilip Vengsarkar claimed that in 1986, Dawood Ibrahim entered the Indian team's dressing room in Sharjah and offered each Indian player a car if they defeated Pakistan in the final of the Sharjah Cup.[71]

In popular culture[edit | edit source]

Bollywood[edit | edit source]

Ibrahim and his criminal syndicate D-Company have been linked to the financing of the Bollywood film industry. A number of Bollywood studios and films were financed by D-Company in the 1980s and 1990s. Ibrahim was linked to a number of celebrities during that time, including the beauty pageant contestant Anita Ayoob and the Bollywood actress Mandakini. D-Company is also known for extortion and threats targeted towards Bollywood producers and celebrities, and was involved in the murders of Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and Gulshan Kumar.[72]

Vijay Maurya portrayed him in the Anurag Kashyap film Black Friday (2004), which is based on the 1993 Bombay bombings. The 2002 film Company is loosely based on D-Company's activities, as were D (2005), Risk (2007), Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007) and its sequel Shootout at Wadala (2013), Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai (2010) and its sequel Once Upon ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara! (2013), and D-Day (2013).[73] The titular antagonist in the 2016 Indian action-drama film, Dongri Ka Raja, is based on Ibrahim and is portrayed by Gashmeer Mahajani. The film Haseena Parkar (2017) is a biographical crime film based on his sister, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 film, Daddy, which is based on Arun Gawli, one of Ibrahim's rivals, saw Farhan Akhtar portray Maqsood, a character loosely based on Ibrahim. Coffee with D, a comedy film about Ibrahim released in 2017. He is portrayed by Danish Iqbal in the 2026 Indian spy thriller film Dhurandhar: The Revenge.

Actors who have portrayed Dawood Ibrahim in films[edit | edit source]

Year Film Actor Character's name Lead role Story
2002 Company Ajay Devgn Malik Yes Based on true events
2004 Black Friday Vijay Maurya Dawood Ibrahim No Biographical
2005 D Randeep Hooda Deshu Yes Fictional
2007 Risk Vinod Khanna Khalid Bin Jamal Yes
Shootout at Lokhandwala Unknown Big Boss No Biographical
2010 Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai Emraan Hashmi Shoaib Khan Yes Based on true events
2013 Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai Dobaara! Akshay Kumar Yes Fictional
Shootout at Wadala Sonu Sood Dilawar Imtiaz Haksar No Biographical
D-Day Rishi Kapoor Iqbal Seth a.k.a. Goldman Yes Fictional
2017 Daddy Farhan Akhtar Maqsood No Biographical
Haseena Parkar Siddhanth Kapoor Dawood Ibrahim No
Coffee with D Zakir Hussain D Yes Fictional
2022 An Action Hero Gautam Joglekar Masood Abraham Katkar No Fictional
2026 Dhurandhar: The Revenge Danish Iqbal Dawood Ibrahim No Based on true events

Video games[edit | edit source]

The 2018 video game Hitman 2 features a Mumbai crime lord "Dawood Rangan" who is active in the Indian film industry, presumably as a reference to Ibrahim himself.

Non-fiction books[edit | edit source]

Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades of the Mumbai Mafia and Byculla to Bangkok are non-fiction books by former Indian investigative journalist Hussain Zaidi. They trace the evolution of the Mumbai mafia. Shootout at Wadala is based on Dongri to Dubai.

B. V. Kumar wrote DRI and the Dons, an English-language book about Dawood Ibrahim.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "3 students forced to end their 'Dawood hunt' after money runs out". Firstpost. 4 February 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  2. ↑ "Treasury Sanctions Two Indian Nationals and a Company Based in Pakistan for Ties to the South Asian Criminal Network 'D Company'". treasury.gov. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
  3. ↑ "DAWOOD IBRAHIM | United Nations Security Council Subsidiary Organs". un.org. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
  4. ↑ The name on the Mumbai street over terror attacks is Dawood Ibrahim. The Times. 13 July 2011.
  5. ↑ "Made outside India". The Economist. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  6. ↑ Kugelman, Michael (2015). "Fix the Link to Pakistan, Bond With India". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  7. ↑ Tran, Mark (2 December 2008). "India names two most-wanted fugitives after Mumbai attacks". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Now, Pakistan denies presence of Dawood Ibrahim in Karachi, says media claims are baseless". India Today. 23 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar". United Nations Security Council. United Nations. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Treasury Sanctions Two Indian Nationals and a Company Based in Pakistan for Ties to the South Asian Criminal Network 'D Company'". United States Department of the Treasury. 8 February 2025. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  11. ↑ "Top 10 Real-Life Mob Bosses". Time. Archived from the original on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  12. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar - D-Company". Forbes. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  13. ↑ Vardi, Nathan (13 May 2010). "The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives". Forbes. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  14. ↑ Henley, Jon (4 May 2011). "Who is now on the World's Most Wanted list?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  15. ↑ "10 things to know about Dawood Ibrahim". Hindustan Times. 5 May 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
  16. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim". India Today. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  17. ↑ Swami, Praveen (9 April 1999). "Mumbai's mafia wars". Frontline. 16 (7). Retrieved 23 August 2015.
  18. ↑ "'Dongri to Dubai,' the rise of Dawood Ibrahim". IBN Live. Archived from the original on 21 August 2015. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 'ISI pressured Dawood to carry out Mumbai blasts'. Rediff.com. 22 December 2002. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
  20. ↑ "The legend of Ram – a conversation with Ram Jethmalani". Algebra Talks. Algebra. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  21. ↑ "Ram Jethmalani, Sharad Pawar spar over Dawood Ibrahim". India Today. 4 July 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
  22. ↑ "Sharad Pawar: Jethmalani's proposal on Dawood Ibrahim was conditional". The Indian Express. 5 July 2015. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  23. ↑ "Rajan, a spent force..." The Hindu. 31 October 2015. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  24. ↑ "Police action during Mumbai gang wars". mid-day. 23 June 2017.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Article". ketan.net. Archived from the original on 24 June 2008. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
  26. ↑ "The patriotic don: Chhota Rajan was said to be helping India find Dawood Ibrahim". Scroll.in. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  27. ↑ "'Indian' contract killer targets 'Dawood's man' in Nepal jail". The Times of India. 10 March 2011. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  28. ↑ "Chhota Rajan gang killed Nepal baron". Mail Today. India Today. 8 February 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  29. ↑ Windrem, Robert (11 July 2006). "Possible al-Qaida link to India train attacks". NBC News. Archived from the original on 11 March 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2007.
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Main News. The Tribune. 31 December 2000. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 "Dawood Ibrahim is a global terrorist: US". Rediff.com. 17 October 2003. Retrieved 10 April 2007.
  32. ↑ Issue 81. India Today. 28 November 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2012. Archived 1 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 "AQ Sanctions List". United Nations Security Council. United Nations.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 "IBRAHIM, Dawood". Office of Foreign Assets Control. United States Department of the Treasury.
  35. ↑ "Shaikh, Dawood Hasan". Interpol. Retrieved 30 December 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Bush administration imposes sanctions on India's most wanted criminals". India Daily. 2 June 2006. Archived from the original on 12 February 2007.
  37. ↑ "Dubai extradites 10 Dawood aides". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 3 June 2007. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  38. ↑ "Nepal freezes assets of entities with Dawood, Al Qaeda links". Indistan News. Archived from the original on 29 December 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  39. ↑ "Central government sells Dawood Ibrahim's six properties at Ratnagiri". Hindustan Times. 10 November 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  40. ↑ Singh, Varun. "Dawood Ibrahim's ancestral home in Ratnagiri to be soon put on auction". DNA India. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  41. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim chased out of Pakistan: PM's special envoy". The Express Tribune. 9 August 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  42. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim was here but we chased him out, may be in UAE now: Shahryar Khan". Indian Express. 10 August 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  43. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim was in Pak till April 2013: IPL spot-fixing chargesheet". CNN-IBN. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  44. ↑ "1993 Bombay attack mastermind Dawood Ibrahim is in Pakistan". Dinakaran (in தமிழ்). Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  45. ↑ Banks, William C.; Nevers, Renée de; Wallerstein, Mitchel B. (1 October 2007). Combating Terrorism: Strategies and Approaches. SAGE Publications. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-4833-7092-7.
  46. ↑ "Pakistan denies Dawood's presence on its soil". Rediff.com. 19 October 2007. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  47. ↑ "Envoy denies Dawood's presence in Pakistan". The Hindu. 11 May 2015. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  48. ↑ "Exclusive: This is where Dawood lives in Karachi. A la Osama, the Pakistanis don't know!". Mail Today. India Today. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  49. ↑ Bhalla, Abhishek (11 August 2013). "Pakistan's Dawood lie nailed! RAW report on terrorist's Pak stay shows he wasn't chased out of country". India Today. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  50. ↑ "I will return to India and face trial but after teaching Dawood a lesson: Chhota Rajan". India Today. 31 January 1996. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  51. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim is in Pakistan, Rajnath assures Lok Sabha". Indian Express. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
  52. ↑ "Rajnath says Dawood is in Pakistan". India Today. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
  53. ↑ "Former officers contradict centre's claim of Dawood Ibrahim being untraceable". IBN Live. Archived from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2015.
  54. ↑ "Dawood in Pakistan, Will Get Him No Matter What: Rajnath Singh in Parliament". NDTV. Archived from the original on 3 July 2025. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  55. ↑ "Dawood in Pakistan, we will get him back: Rajnath Singh". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  56. ↑ "Times Now tracks Dawood Ibrahim". Times Now. Archived from the original on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  57. ↑ "Dawood's wife confirms her husband is in Karachi". The Times of India. 22 August 2015. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 "It's official: Ahead of NSA talks fresh photo passport copy of Dawood confirm he's in Pakistan". Firstpost. 29 October 2015. Archived from the original on 26 January 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  59. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan, Delhi says". Gulf News. 15 September 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  60. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim purchased property close to Bhutto son's house in 2013". The Hindu. 22 August 2015. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  61. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim's new residence in Karachi near Bilawal's residence". The Indian Express. 23 August 2015. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  62. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim Will Never Face Trial In India; No Closure For Families Of Mumbai Blasts Victims". Outlook India. 23 August 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  63. ↑ "Where does Dawood Ibrahim live in Karachi? Pakistan has three addresses". Hindustan Times. 23 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  64. ↑ "Profile: India's fugitive gangster". BBC News. 12 September 2006.
  65. ↑ "Ex-Pak cricketer Javed Miandad praises Dawood Ibrahim, says 'he did a lot for Muslims'". MSN. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  66. ↑ "Tale behind weddings of Dawood Ibrahim's children". India Today. 4 October 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  67. ↑ Sharma, Deepak (28 September 2011). "Dawood's son Moin marries London girl in Karachi". India Today.
  68. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim's only son becomes 'maulana', gives underworld don fits of depression over legacy". The Express Tribune. 28 November 2017.
  69. ↑ "Unfair to deny passport for being Dawood's brother: Kaskar". Indian Express. 19 November 2009.
  70. ↑ "Dawood Ibrahim is 2nd richest gangster of all time; 10 things about most wanted global terrorist". India Today. 29 April 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  71. ↑ "Dawood entered Indian dressing room in 1986, offered cars to players: Vengsarkar". The Times of India. 28 October 2013. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  72. ↑ 10 Times Bollywood Actors Crossed Paths With The Underworld. ScoopWhoop. 11 August 2015.
  73. ↑ "Akshay to play dreaded don Dawood?". Emirates247. 7 March 2011.

External links[edit | edit source]


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