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{{Short description|Village in Northern India}} | |||
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} | ||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name | | name = Kandoora | ||
| | | native_name = | ||
| motto | | native_name_lang = | ||
| image_map | | motto = | ||
| pushpin_map | | image_shield = | ||
| pushpin_mapsize | | caption = | ||
| subdivision_type | | image_map = Kandoora.jpg | ||
| subdivision_name | | pushpin_map = India | ||
| | | pushpin_mapsize = 200 | ||
| | | subdivision_type = Country | ||
| | | subdivision_name = India | ||
| | | subdivision_type2 = [[Union territory]] | ||
| | | subdivision_name2 = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] | ||
| | | subdivision_type3 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]] | ||
| established_date | | subdivision_name3 = [[Kashmir division]] | ||
| founder | | subdivision_type4 = [[List of districts in India#Jammu and Kashmir (JK)|District]] | ||
| named_for | | subdivision_name4 = [[Budgam district]] | ||
| subdivision_type5 = [[Tehsil]] <small>([[Subdistrict]])</small> | |||
| subdivision_name5 = [[Beerwah, Jammu and Kashmir|Beerwah]] | |||
| established_date = | |||
| government_type | | founder = | ||
| governing_body | | named_for = ''Field of stones'' | ||
| leader_title | | government_type = [[Panchayati raj]] | ||
| leader_name | | governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]] (Village council) | ||
| leader_title1 | | leader_title = [[Sarpanch]] | ||
| | | leader_name = Vacant | ||
| area_total_ha | | leader_title1 = [[Muqaddam|Moqdam]] | ||
| elevation_m | | leader_name1 = Ab Lateef Sheik | ||
| elevation_min_point | | area_total_ha = 200 | ||
| elevation_min_m | | elevation_m = 1580 | ||
| elevation_max_point | | elevation_min_point= Mahal | ||
| elevation_max_m | | elevation_min_m = 1520 | ||
| population_total | | elevation_max_point= Bhag{{nbsp}}de{{nbsp}}Shafie | ||
| population_as_of | | elevation_max_m = 1616 | ||
| population_density_km2 | | population_total = 3700 | ||
| population_demonym | | population_as_of = 2020 | ||
| demographics_type1 | | population_density_km2 = 825 | ||
| demographics1_title1 | | population_demonym = Kandoorians or Kondreek | ||
| demographics1_info1 | | demographics_type1 = Languages | ||
| timezone1 | | demographics1_title1= Official | ||
| utc_offset | | demographics1_info1 = {{hlist|[[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] | [[Urdu]] | English<ref name="OfficialLang">{{citation |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=Government of India|work=The Gazette of India|date=27 September 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Yattoo |first1=Irfan |title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 |url=https://www.risingkashmir.com/Parliament-passes-JK-Official-Languages-Bill--2020-83567 |work=Rising Kashmir |date=22 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220124904/https://www.risingkashmir.com/Parliament-passes-JK-Official-Languages-Bill--2020-83567 |archive-date=20 February 2022}}</ref>}} | ||
| postal_code_type | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| postal_code | | utc_offset = +5:30 | ||
| area_code_type | | postal_code_type = PIN INDIA | ||
| registration_plate | | postal_code = 193411 | ||
| translit_lang1_info1 | | area_code_type = +91 | ||
| registration_plate = JK04 | |||
| settlement_type | | translit_lang1_info1= [[Koshur]] | ||
| translit_lang1 | | settlement_type = Village | ||
| translit_lang1 = | |||
| image_caption = | |||
| image_caption | | coordinates = {{Coord|33.9923|N|74.5837|E}} | ||
| coordinates | | demographics2_title1= Spoken | ||
| demographics2_title1 | | demographics2_info1 = [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] | ||
| demographics2_info1 | | demographics_type2 = Language | ||
| demographics_type2 | | other_name = Kondur | ||
| other_name | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Kondur''' or '''Kandoora''' is the largest village in the Sukhnag River valley, located on the eastern banks of the [[Sukhnag River]]. It lies on the Beerwah-to-[[Doodhpathri]] road and is {{convert|26|km}} from [[Srinagar]], the largest city and summer capital of the [[union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]],{{r|2011 censusA}} which is the southern portion of the wider [[Kashmir conflict|Indian-administered]] [[Kashmir]] region. | |||
'''Kondur''' or '''Kandoora''' | |||
Kandoora is a rural village | Kandoora is a rural village, with agriculture its main economic activity. It is a Muslim community, with the inhabitants' first language being Koshur ([[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]), with other languages in use for particular purposes. | ||
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
The village name, ''Kandoora'', derives from | The village name, ''Kandoora'', derives from {{langx|ks|کَنِۂ|translit=kanie|lit=stone}}, and {{lang|ks|ڈُور}}, {{translit|ks|doour}}, {{lit|field}}, together signifying 'field of stones'. The land on which the village of Kandoora is situated is rocky.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} | ||
== | ==Village administration== | ||
Kandoora is in the Beerwah subdivision of [[Budgam district]], and governance of Kandoora is by [[representative democracy]]. The village is governed by a [[gram panchayat]] or village council, according to the [[Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996|1996 Panchayats Act]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 May 2020|title=Pincode, Jammu and Kashmir: Budgam – Kandoora |publisher=Independent News Service |url-status=live |work=India TV News |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/pincode/jammu-and-kashmir/budgam/kandoora |archive-date=7 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107150256/https://www.indiatvnews.com/pincode/jammu-and-kashmir/budgam/kandoora}}</ref> Its panchayat has eleven members, with each member representing a ward constituency. Each ward has its ward representative. | |||
[[File:Candoora.jpg|thumb|View of a sunset in Kandoora]] | |||
Kandoora is in the Beerwah subdivision of [[Budgam district]], and governance of Kandoora is by [[representative democracy]]. The village is governed by a [[gram panchayat]] or village council, according to the [[Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996|1996 Panchayats Act]] | |||
[[File:Candoora.jpg|thumb| | |||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
Kandoora is a rural village, one of 102 inhabited villages in the Beerwah tehsil. It has a land area of {{convert|199.87|ha}}. | Kandoora is a rural village, one of 102 inhabited villages in the Beerwah tehsil. It has a land area of {{convert|199.87|ha}}.{{r|census 2011 B|p=64}} Nearest to Kandoora is [[Beerwah, Jammu and Kashmir|Beerwah]], approximately {{convert|2|km}} distant (measured from Beerwah's bus stand), with the Beerwah [[tehsil]] headquarters, about {{convert|3|km}} away. Beerwah, along with Sodipora, lies to the north of Kandoora. Also neighbouring the village are the surrounding locations of [[Sonapah]] to the northeast; Rankipora and Khatiruna to the east; Larbal to the southeast; Peth Zanigaam and Latinae to the south; Sail and Bun Zanigaamin to the southwest; Kanigund in the west; and Goriepora and Gohlar to the northwest. | ||
Nearest to Kandoora is [[Beerwah, Jammu and Kashmir|Beerwah]], approximately {{convert|2|km}} distant (measured from Beerwah's bus stand), | |||
===Village layout=== | ===Village layout=== | ||
Kandoora is internally divided into ''Neiber Kandoora'' ({{transliteration|ks|neiber|italic=yes}}, meaning, 'spread out' or 'peripheral'), and ''Gamander Kandoora'' ({{transliteration|ks|gamander|italic=yes}}, meaning, 'downtown' or 'central portion'). | Kandoora is internally divided into ''Neiber Kandoora'' ({{transliteration|ks|neiber|italic=yes}}, meaning, 'spread out' or 'peripheral'), and ''Gamander Kandoora'' ({{transliteration|ks|gamander|italic=yes}}, meaning, 'downtown' or 'central portion'). | ||
{{div col|colwidth=20em}} | |||
{{no col break| | |||
{{ | * Neiber Kandoora has: | ||
* Hajamabad | ** Hajamabad | ||
* Najarabad | ** Najarabad | ||
* Brandaker | ** Brandaker | ||
* Gamudd | ** Gamudd | ||
* Ghatpur | ** Ghatpur | ||
* Sheikhpur | ** Sheikhpur | ||
* Malikpur{{ | ** Malikpur}} | ||
{{no col break| | |||
Gamander Kandoora is composed of: | * Gamander Kandoora is composed of: | ||
** Bunpur | |||
* Bunpur | ** Pethpur | ||
* Pethpur | ** Mirpur (part) | ||
* Mirpur ( | ** Hajamabad (part) | ||
* Hajamabad ( | ** Najarabad (part) | ||
* Najarabad ( | ** Old Graveyard of Kandoora | ||
* Old Graveyard of Kandoora | ** Masheed-e-Aungun (centre)}} | ||
* Masheed-e-Aungun (centre) {{div col end}} | {{div col end}} | ||
There are several planned or specially built communities within Kandoora. Such communities are widely known as ''colonies'' within the subcontinent.<ref>{{cite book |publisher=Macmillan Education |title=Macmillan Dictionary |url=https://www.macmillandictionary.com/thesaurus-category/british/areas-in-towns-or-cities |access-date=3 October 2021 |language=en |chapter=Areas in towns or cities - synonyms and related words |quote=Colony (noun; Indian English): a planned area within a city for people to live and work in}}</ref> | |||
There are several planned or specially built communities within Kandoora. Such communities are widely known as ''colonies'' within the subcontinent. | The Kandoorian colonies are: Zandwan; Sheikh ul Alam; Gousia; and Larbal. | ||
The Kandoorian colonies are: Zandwan; Sheikh ul Alam; | |||
==== Village roads ==== | ==== Village roads ==== | ||
| Line 117: | Line 111: | ||
=== Area road system === | === Area road system === | ||
{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2025}} | |||
Kandoora is well connected to its neighbouring villages by [[link road]]. The roads meet internally in the administrative centre, central Kandoora, locally called ''Masheed-e-Aungun''. | Kandoora is well connected to its neighbouring villages by [[link road]]. The roads meet internally in the administrative centre, central Kandoora, locally called ''Masheed-e-Aungun''. | ||
The roads are:{{col div|colwidth=25em}} | The roads are:{{col div|colwidth=25em}} | ||
| Line 144: | Line 139: | ||
==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2025}} | |||
The economy of Kandoora is generally agrarian, being derived from agriculture and horticultural produce. The horticultural sector is on the rise, with the help of [[Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu]] (SKUAST-J) and [[Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir]]. Many apple orchards are being developed and this sector is expected to boost the local economy. | The economy of Kandoora is generally agrarian, being derived from agriculture and horticultural produce. The horticultural sector is on the rise, with the help of [[Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu]] (SKUAST-J) and [[Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir]]. Many apple orchards are being developed and this sector is expected to boost the local economy. | ||
| Line 149: | Line 145: | ||
== People and culture == | == People and culture == | ||
The village population is [[Muslim]] and includes adherents of [[Sunni Islam]], schools of [[Hanafi]], [[Salafi movement|Salafism]], and [[Barelvi]] branches or schools of Islam.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} | |||
The mother tongue of Kandoora locals is [[Kashmiri language|Koshur]] (Kashmiri). | Disputes are usually brought before the local [[jirga]] to be resolved. The ''jirga'' is an assembly of local Kandoora chieftains. This traditional gathering of leaders has been adapted by [[Kashmiri Muslims]] from its origins in erstwhile [[North-West Frontier Province]] (NWFP) and [[Afghanistan]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Raina |first1=Muzaffar |title=Justice rolls in Kashmir, Afghan-style – Jilted, sheep stolen? Some people in the Valley never go to police but pin faith on a time-tested tribal system to settle disputes and redress grievances |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/justice-rolls-in-kashmir-afghan-style-jilted-sheep-stolen-some-people-in-the-valley-never-go-to-police-but-pin-faith-on-a-time-tested-tribal-system-to-settle-disputes-and-redress-grievances/cid/970408 |access-date=7 January 2023 |work=The Telegraph India online |date=30 October 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107144857/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/justice-rolls-in-kashmir-afghan-style-jilted-sheep-stolen-some-people-in-the-valley-never-go-to-police-but-pin-faith-on-a-time-tested-tribal-system-to-settle-disputes-and-redress-grievances/cid/970408 |archive-date=7 January 2023}}</ref> | ||
The mother tongue of Kandoora locals is [[Kashmiri language|Koshur]] (Kashmiri). Several other languages are occasionally{{citation needed|date=July 2021}} used, including [[Urdu]], [[English language|English]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Arabic]] and [[Hindi]]. | |||
=== Demographics === | === Demographics === | ||
The majority of adult Kandoora residents work in agriculture and its associated occupations. | The majority of adult Kandoora residents work or in agriculture and its associated occupations.{{r|census 2011 B|pp=68–69}} There are some government employees. Teenagers and young adults may continue as students, attending further education at institutions in the wider district.<ref>{{cite news |author1=((KL News Network)) |title=LS Polls Phase 2: The Complete Story |url=https://kashmirlife.net/ls-polls-phase-2-the-complete-story-207738/ |work=Kashmir Life |date=18 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924165640/https://kashmirlife.net/ls-polls-phase-2-the-complete-story-207738/ |archive-date=24 September 2020 |quote=There were a few instances in Budgam district where the crowds resorted to stone pelting at paramilitary men. At a few places including Beerwa, Kandoora, Chewdara Kawoosa, Ratsun, Nasrullah Pora, Hafrooda, the police did react. Unofficial reports said three persons were injured.}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=February 2022}} | ||
{{sort under}} | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" | {| class="wikitable sortable sort-under mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 80%;" | ||
|+ {{nowrap| Kandoora village: Enumeration and basic demographic details | |+ {{nowrap| Kandoora village: Enumeration and basic demographic details{{r|census 2011 B|p=}}}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="col" style=max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:15em"| Detail | ||
! scope="col" style="max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:5em"| Total | ||
! scope="col" style="max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:5em"; "background-color:#FFFCF5;" "border:#FFF7E6;" | Males | ||
! scope="col" style="max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:5em"; "background-color: #FFF7E6;" "border:#FFF7E6;" |Males % | ||
! scope="col" style="max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:5em"; "background-color: #F7FFF5;" | Females | ||
! scope="col" style="max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:5em"; "background-color: #EEFFE6;" | Females % | ||
! scope="col" style=max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:8em"; style="font-size: 80%;" | Sex ratio | ||
! scope="col" style=max-width: | ! scope="col" style="max-width:12em"; class="unsortable" | Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Population || 2,774 ||style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 1,492 ||style="background-color: #FFF7E6"|53.8 ||style="background-color: #F7FFF5"|1,282||style="background-color: #EEFFE6"| 46.2||859|| | | Population || 2,774 ||style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 1,492 ||style="background-color: #FFF7E6"|53.8 ||style="background-color: #F7FFF5"|1,282||style="background-color: #EEFFE6"| 46.2||859|| Sex ratio is no. of females per 1000 males | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Child (0-6) | | Child (0-6) || 677 || style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 407||style="background-color: #FFF7E6"| 60.1 ||style="background-color: #F8FFF5" |270 ||style="background-color: #EEFFE6"| 39.9 ||601|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Literacy | |{{ubl|Literacy|<small>(Tot. literacy rate: 61.56% of pop. aged 7yrs+)</small>}} || 1,291||style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 791||style="background-color: #FFF7E6"|72.90 ||style="background-color: #F7FFF5"|500||style="background-color: #EEFFE6"| 49.41 || 613|| All figures calculated as ''effective literacy rate'': Based on population of those 7yrs and over. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|In paid work || 707 ||style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 570 ||style="background-color: #FFF7E6"|80.6 ||style="background-color: #F7FFF5"| 137 ||style="background-color: #EEFFE6"|19.4||240|| | |In paid work || 707 ||style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 570 ||style="background-color: #FFF7E6"|80.6 ||style="background-color: #F7FFF5"| 137 ||style="background-color: #EEFFE6"|19.4||240|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Marginal worker || 577 || style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 453 || style="background-color: #FFF7E6"|78.5 || style="background-color: #F7FFF5"|124 || style="background-color: #EEFFE6"|21.5 ||274|| | |Marginal worker || 577 || style="background-color: #FFFCF5;"| 453 || style="background-color: #FFF7E6"|78.5 || style="background-color: #F7FFF5"|124 || style="background-color: #EEFFE6"|21.5 ||274|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| No. of households || 479 || | | No. of households || 479 ||{{nbsp}}||{{nbsp}}||{{nbsp}}||{{nbsp}}||{{nbsp}}||<small>Source: Census 2011, 15th National census of India</small>{{r|census 2011 B|p=}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== Clans === | === Clans === | ||
The clans living{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} within Kandoora | The clans living{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} within Kandoora include: | ||
{{col div|colwidth= | {{col div|colwidth=14em}} | ||
* Ahanger | * Ahanger | ||
* Alaiee | |||
* Bhat | |||
* Chopan | * Chopan | ||
* Dar | |||
* Dev | |||
* Ganiee | * Ganiee | ||
* Hajam | * Hajam | ||
* [[Khan (surname)|Khan]] | * [[Khan (surname)|Khan]] | ||
* Lone | |||
* Magrey | * Magrey | ||
* Malik | * Malik | ||
* Malla | * Malla | ||
* [[Mir clan|Mir]] | * [[Mir clan|Mir]] | ||
* Mughal | |||
* Najar | * Najar | ||
* Pandit | * Pandit | ||
* Parry | * Parry | ||
* Rather | |||
* Reshi | |||
* [[Kashmiri Shaikh|Sheikh]] | * [[Kashmiri Shaikh|Sheikh]] | ||
* [[Sayyid#North India|Syed]] | * [[Sayyid#North India|Syed]] | ||
* Wani | * Wani | ||
* Zarger{{colend}} | * Zarger | ||
{{colend}} | |||
=== Religious institutions and organisations === | === Religious institutions and organisations === | ||
{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2025}} | |||
[[File:Jamia Hanafiya Kandoora.jpg|thumb|Jamia Masjid Kandoora|244x244px]] | [[File:Jamia Hanafiya Kandoora.jpg|thumb|Jamia Masjid Kandoora|244x244px]] | ||
The township has [[halaqa|halqa]] level | The township has [[halaqa|halqa]] level bodies of: | ||
*[[Karwan-I-Islami | * [[Karwan-I-Islami]] International, Jammu and Kashmir | ||
* [[Jamiat-e-Ahle Hadith, J&K]], Jammu and Kashmir | * [[Jamiat-e-Ahle Hadith, J&K]], Jammu and Kashmir | ||
The village has six [[masjid]]s, including two [[jama masjid]]s: | The village has six [[masjid]]s, including two [[jama masjid]]s: | ||
* Grand Jamia | * Grand Jamia Hanafiyah, Kandoora (in central Masheed-e-Aungun area) | ||
* Chanpur Masjid e Shareef (in Chanpur) | * Chanpur Masjid e Shareef (in Chanpur) | ||
* Masjid e Ramzaan a [[mosque]] of the [[Hanafi]] school in Sheikhpur | * Masjid e Ramzaan a [[mosque]] of the [[Hanafi]] school in Sheikhpur | ||
* Masjid e | * Masjid e Gousiya, of the [[Barelvi]] school in Diversion{{where|date=August 2021}} colony | ||
* Jamia Masjid | * Jamia Masjid Ahle hadith (Mohammad Bin Abdul Wahab RA) in which local Muslims observe Friday prayers, in Mirpur | ||
* Masjid e Salafiyah, in | * Masjid e Salafiyah, in Ghat Pur, a [[Salafi movement|Salafi School]] masjid | ||
=== Sports === | |||
Sports played locally include:{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}} {{hlist|Cricket|Volleyball|[[Kabaddi]]|[[Kho kho]]|Rugby}} | |||
== Education == | == Education == | ||
The village has a [[literacy]] rate of nearly 62 | {{More citations needed section|date=April 2025}} | ||
The village has a [[literacy]] rate of nearly 62 per cent, according to the 2011 census.{{r|census 2011 B|pp=64–65}} This is somewhat lower than the literacy rate of 67.16 per cent in Jammu and Kashmir overall.{{r|2011 censusA|p=48}} | |||
=== Islamic | === Islamic religious education === | ||
The village of Kandoora has three Islamic educational institutions: | The village of Kandoora has three Islamic educational institutions: | ||
* Imam e Azam Institute of Islamic Studies, a [[Hanafi]] institution | * Imam e Azam Institute of Islamic Studies, a [[Hanafi]] institution | ||
* Institute of Islamic Theology and Jurisprudence ({{ | * | ||
* Institute of Islamic Theology and Jurisprudence ({{langx|ur|درسگاہ تعلیم القران والحدیث نبویہ}}) | |||
* Shah e Hamdan Institute of Islamic Studies, named in honour of [[Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani]] | * Shah e Hamdan Institute of Islamic Studies, named in honour of [[Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani]] | ||
=== Independent schools === | === Independent schools === | ||
* Islamic Educational Institute Kandoora( | * Islamic Educational Institute Kandoora (IEI, Kandoora), established in 1986 | ||
This institution is the first private school in valley of the River Sukhnaag.<ref>[http://www.dsek.nic.in/Hill/index.html Directorate of School Education Kashmir]</ref> | |||
This institution is the first private school in valley of the River Sukhnaag. | |||
=== Post-primary schools === | === Post-primary schools === | ||
* Government Girls Middle School, Kandoora: {{block indent|Established in 1975 in order to educate girls locally, past the primary school level.}} | |||
* Government Girls Middle | * The Government Boys Higher Secondary Institute, Kandoora: {{block indent|Established 1953 as a primary school. In 1963 it was upgraded to middle school level and then, in 1971, to the high school level. It attained a higher secondary school level in 2018. This higher secondary school feeds [[Government Degree College, Beerwah]]. The institute was only the second school in the area, after the Government Boys Senior Secondary Institute School, Beerwah, established in 1953.}} | ||
The Government Boys Higher Secondary Institute | |||
=== Primary schools === | === Primary schools === | ||
| Line 249: | Line 251: | ||
* Government Boys Primary School, Malik Pur | * Government Boys Primary School, Malik Pur | ||
==See also== | |||
* [[Districts of Jammu and Kashmir]] | |||
== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|25em}} | {{Reflist|25em|refs= | ||
<ref name="2011 censusA">{{citation |author=((Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India)) |date=2014 |work=Census of India 2011 |series= Jammu and Kashmir: Series 02 – Part XII&nbsp;A |title= District Census Handbook, Badgam: Village Directory |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/492 |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |url-status=live |archive-date=28 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728060405/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/492/download/1616/DH_2011_0102_PART_A_DCHB_BADGAM.pdf |mode=cs1}} [https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/492/download/1616/DH_2011_0102_PART_A_DCHB_BADGAM.pdf Direct PDF file download] (3,563 kB) – via Ministry of Home Affairs, Census Division.</ref> | |||
<ref name="census 2011 B">{{citation |author=((Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India)) |work=Census of India 2011 |series= Jammu and Kashmir: Primary Census Abstract (PCA). Series 02 – Part XII&nbsp;B |date=2014 |title=District Census Hand Book, Badgam (Village- and town-wise) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/493 |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |language=en |url-status=live |archive-date=3 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250103235129/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/493/download/1620/DH_2011_0102_PART_B_DCHB_BADGAM.pdf|mode=cs1}} [https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/493/download/1620/DH_2011_0102_PART_B_DCHB_BADGAM.pdf Direct PDF file download] (1,454 kB) – via Ministry of Home Affairs, Census Division.</ref> | |||
}} | |||
{{Coord|33.9923|N|74.5837|E|display=title}} | {{Coord|33.9923|N|74.5837|E|display=title}} | ||
==Further reading== | |||
* {{Cite news |last=Manzoor |first=Mir |date=22 September 2018 |title=Terrorist over ground workers arrested, Beerwah |work=Indiatv |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/let-terrorist-over-ground-workers-arrested-beerwah-jammu-kashmir-619981 |url-status=live |language=en |archive-date=27 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127202735/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/let-terrorist-over-ground-workers-arrested-beerwah-jammu-kashmir-619981|ref=none}} | |||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
* [https://goo.gl/maps/LejBco7Lf9G7u8qq9 Map of Kandoora] | * [https://goo.gl/maps/LejBco7Lf9G7u8qq9 Map of Kandoora] | ||
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} | |||
[[Category:Villages in Budgam district]] | [[Category:Villages in Budgam district]] | ||
Revision as of 16:10, 4 August 2025
Kandoora
Kondur | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 | |
  Kandoora | |
| Coordinates: 33°59′32″N 74°35′01″E / 33.9923°N 74.5837°E | |
| Country | India |
| Union territory | Jammu and Kashmir |
| Division | Kashmir division |
| District | Budgam district |
| Tehsil <small>(Subdistrict)</small> | Beerwah |
| Named for | Field of stones |
| Government | |
| • Type | Panchayati raj |
| • Body | Gram panchayat (Village council) |
| • Sarpanch | Vacant |
| • Moqdam | Ab Lateef Sheik |
| Area | |
| • Total | 200 ha (500 acres) |
| Elevation | 1,580 m (5,180 ft) |
| Highest elevation (Bhag de Shafie) | 1,616 m (5,302 ft) |
| Lowest elevation (Mahal) | 1,520 m (4,990 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 3,700 |
| • Density | 825/km2 (2,140/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Kandoorians or Kondreek |
| Languages | |
| • Official | |
| Language | |
| • Spoken | Kashmiri |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN INDIA | 193411 |
| Vehicle registration | JK04 |
Kondur or Kandoora is the largest village in the Sukhnag River valley, located on the eastern banks of the Sukhnag River. It lies on the Beerwah-to-Doodhpathri road and is 26 kilometres (16 mi) from Srinagar, the largest city and summer capital of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir,[1] which is the southern portion of the wider Indian-administered Kashmir region.
Kandoora is a rural village, with agriculture its main economic activity. It is a Muslim community, with the inhabitants' first language being Koshur (Kashmiri), with other languages in use for particular purposes.
Etymology
The village name, Kandoora, derives from Script error: The function "langx" does not exist., and ڈُور, Template:Translit, lit. 'field', together signifying 'field of stones'. The land on which the village of Kandoora is situated is rocky.[citation needed]
Village administration
Kandoora is in the Beerwah subdivision of Budgam district, and governance of Kandoora is by representative democracy. The village is governed by a gram panchayat or village council, according to the 1996 Panchayats Act.<ref>"Pincode, Jammu and Kashmir: Budgam – Kandoora". India TV News. Independent News Service. 24 May 2020. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023.</ref> Its panchayat has eleven members, with each member representing a ward constituency. Each ward has its ward representative.
Geography
Kandoora is a rural village, one of 102 inhabited villages in the Beerwah tehsil. It has a land area of 199.87 hectares (493.9 acres).[2]:64 Nearest to Kandoora is Beerwah, approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) distant (measured from Beerwah's bus stand), with the Beerwah tehsil headquarters, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) away. Beerwah, along with Sodipora, lies to the north of Kandoora. Also neighbouring the village are the surrounding locations of Sonapah to the northeast; Rankipora and Khatiruna to the east; Larbal to the southeast; Peth Zanigaam and Latinae to the south; Sail and Bun Zanigaamin to the southwest; Kanigund in the west; and Goriepora and Gohlar to the northwest.
Village layout
Kandoora is internally divided into Neiber Kandoora (neiber, meaning, 'spread out' or 'peripheral'), and Gamander Kandoora (gamander, meaning, 'downtown' or 'central portion').
There are several planned or specially built communities within Kandoora. Such communities are widely known as colonies within the subcontinent.<ref>"Areas in towns or cities - synonyms and related words". Macmillan Dictionary. Macmillan Education. Retrieved 3 October 2021. Colony (noun; Indian English): a planned area within a city for people to live and work in
</ref>
The Kandoorian colonies are: Zandwan; Sheikh ul Alam; Gousia; and Larbal.
Village roads
Roads interior to the village include:
- Ghatpur-Masheed e Aungun Street
- Diversion-Malikpur Street
- Diversion-Nagpur Street
- Sheikhpur-Batehar Street
- Gamudd-Maxelum Street
- Maxelumm-Aawrenea Street
- Batehar Street
Area road system
 | This section does not cite any sources. (August 2025) |
Kandoora is well connected to its neighbouring villages by link road. The roads meet internally in the administrative centre, central Kandoora, locally called Masheed-e-Aungun.
The roads are:
- Kandoora-Larbal Link road - 1.5 km (0.93 mi)
- Kandoora-Khatiruna Link road - 1.7 km (1.1 mi)
- Kandoora-Latina Link Road - 1.9 km (1.2 mi)
- Kandoora-Zaniegaam Link Road - 2 km (1.2 mi)
- Kandoora-Rankipora Link Road - 1.8 km (1.1 mi)
- Kandoora-Kaniegund Link Road - 1.7 km (1.1 mi)
- Kandoora-Sail Link Road - 2 km (1.2 mi)
- Kandoora-Sodiepora Link Road - 2.4 km (1.5 mi)
- Kandoora-Arizal Road - 11 km (6.8 mi)
The village can be accessed from:
- Budgam
- Budgam-Kandoora Road, via Sonpah
- Beerwah
- Beerwah-Doodhpathri Road, via Sonpah
- Beerwah-Kandoora Road, via Rankipora
- Khag
- Kandoora-Khag Road, via Malpora and Sail
- Khan Sahib
- Kandoora-Khan Sahib Road, via Pethkoot
Economy
| This section does not cite any sources. (August 2025) |
The economy of Kandoora is generally agrarian, being derived from agriculture and horticultural produce. The horticultural sector is on the rise, with the help of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-J) and Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir. Many apple orchards are being developed and this sector is expected to boost the local economy.
The production and sale of Kashmiri handicrafts, such as Kashmiri shawls, is another avenue for earning income available to Kandoorians.
People and culture
The village population is Muslim and includes adherents of Sunni Islam, schools of Hanafi, Salafism, and Barelvi branches or schools of Islam.[citation needed]
Disputes are usually brought before the local jirga to be resolved. The jirga is an assembly of local Kandoora chieftains. This traditional gathering of leaders has been adapted by Kashmiri Muslims from its origins in erstwhile North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Afghanistan.<ref>Raina, Muzaffar (30 October 2006). "Justice rolls in Kashmir, Afghan-style – Jilted, sheep stolen? Some people in the Valley never go to police but pin faith on a time-tested tribal system to settle disputes and redress grievances". The Telegraph India online. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.</ref>
The mother tongue of Kandoora locals is Koshur (Kashmiri). Several other languages are occasionally[citation needed] used, including Urdu, English, Persian, Arabic and Hindi.
Demographics
The majority of adult Kandoora residents work or in agriculture and its associated occupations.[2]:68–69 There are some government employees. Teenagers and young adults may continue as students, attending further education at institutions in the wider district.<ref>KL News Network (18 April 2019). "LS Polls Phase 2: The Complete Story". Kashmir Life. Archived from the original on 24 September 2020. There were a few instances in Budgam district where the crowds resorted to stone pelting at paramilitary men. At a few places including Beerwa, Kandoora, Chewdara Kawoosa, Ratsun, Nasrullah Pora, Hafrooda, the police did react. Unofficial reports said three persons were injured.
</ref>[failed verification]
Template:Sort under
| Detail | Total | Males | Males % | Females | Females % | Sex ratio | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 2,774 | 1,492 | 53.8 | 1,282 | 46.2 | 859 | Sex ratio is no. of females per 1000 males |
| Child (0-6) | 677 | 407 | 60.1 | 270 | 39.9 | 601 | |
|
1,291 | 791 | 72.90 | 500 | 49.41 | 613 | All figures calculated as effective literacy rate: Based on population of those 7yrs and over. |
| In paid work | 707 | 570 | 80.6 | 137 | 19.4 | 240 | |
| Marginal worker | 577 | 453 | 78.5 | 124 | 21.5 | 274 | |
| No. of households | 479 | <small>Source: Census 2011, 15th National census of India</small>[2] |
Clans
The clans living[citation needed] within Kandoora include:
Religious institutions and organisations
| This section does not cite any sources. (August 2025) |
The township has halqa level bodies of:
- Karwan-I-Islami International, Jammu and Kashmir
- Jamiat-e-Ahle Hadith, J&K, Jammu and Kashmir
The village has six masjids, including two jama masjids:
- Grand Jamia Hanafiyah, Kandoora (in central Masheed-e-Aungun area)
- Chanpur Masjid e Shareef (in Chanpur)
- Masjid e Ramzaan a mosque of the Hanafi school in Sheikhpur
- Masjid e Gousiya, of the Barelvi school in Diversion[where?] colony
- Jamia Masjid Ahle hadith (Mohammad Bin Abdul Wahab RA) in which local Muslims observe Friday prayers, in Mirpur
- Masjid e Salafiyah, in Ghat Pur, a Salafi School masjid
Sports
Sports played locally include:[citation needed]
Education
| This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2025) |
The village has a literacy rate of nearly 62 per cent, according to the 2011 census.[2]:64–65 This is somewhat lower than the literacy rate of 67.16 per cent in Jammu and Kashmir overall.[1]:48
Islamic religious education
The village of Kandoora has three Islamic educational institutions:
- Imam e Azam Institute of Islamic Studies, a Hanafi institution
- Institute of Islamic Theology and Jurisprudence (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.)
- Shah e Hamdan Institute of Islamic Studies, named in honour of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani
Independent schools
- Islamic Educational Institute Kandoora (IEI, Kandoora), established in 1986
This institution is the first private school in valley of the River Sukhnaag.<ref>Directorate of School Education Kashmir</ref>
Post-primary schools
- Government Girls Middle School, Kandoora: Established in 1975 in order to educate girls locally, past the primary school level.
- The Government Boys Higher Secondary Institute, Kandoora: Established 1953 as a primary school. In 1963 it was upgraded to middle school level and then, in 1971, to the high school level. It attained a higher secondary school level in 2018. This higher secondary school feeds Government Degree College, Beerwah. The institute was only the second school in the area, after the Government Boys Senior Secondary Institute School, Beerwah, established in 1953.
Primary schools
- Government Boys Primary School, Chanpur
- Government Boys Primary School, Malik Pur
See also
References
33°59′32″N 74°35′01″E / 33.9923°N 74.5837°E
Further reading
- Manzoor, Mir (22 September 2018). "Terrorist over ground workers arrested, Beerwah". Indiatv. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020.