Nabarangpur district: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Nabarangpur district
| name                     = Nabarangpur district
| other_name             =  
| other_name               =  
| nickname               =  
| nickname                 =  
| settlement_type         = [[List of districts of Odisha|District]] of [[Odisha]]
| settlement_type         = [[List of districts of Odisha|District]] of [[Odisha]]
| image_skyline           = Nabrangpur Lake from Hill View.jpg
| image_skyline           = Nabrangpur Lake from Hill View.jpg
| image_alt               =  
| image_alt               =  
| image_caption           = View of Nabarangpur Lake
| image_caption           = View of Nabarangpur Lake
| image_map               = India Odisha Nabarangpur district.svg
| image_map               = India Odisha Nabarangpur district.svg
| coordinates             = {{coord|19.23|N|82.55|E|display=inline,title}}
| image_map1              =
| map_caption            = Location in Odisha, India
| map_alt                  =
| subdivision_type       = Country
| map_caption              = Location in Odisha
| subdivision_name       = {{flag|India}}
| coordinates             = {{coord|19.23|N|82.55|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name1       = {{flagicon image|Orissa Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Odisha]]
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|India}}
| established_title       = <!-- Established -->
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| established_date       =  
| subdivision_name1       = {{flagicon image|Orissa Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Odisha]]
| founder                 =  
| established_title       = <!-- Established -->
| named_for               =  
| established_date         =  
| seat_type               = Headquarters
| founder                 =  
| seat                   = [[Nabarangpur]]
| named_for               =  
| government_type         =  
| seat_type               = Headquarters
| governing_body         =  
| seat                     = [[Nabarangpur]]
| leader_title           = [[District Collector|Collector & District Magistrate]]
| government_type         =  
| leader_name             = Ajit Kumar Mishra, OAS (SAG)
| governing_body           =  
| leader_title1           = [[Divisional Forest Officer|Divisional Forest Officer Cum Wildlife Warden]]
| leader_title             = [[District Collector|Collector & District Magistrate]]
| leader_name1           = K.R Parida, [OFS-1]
| leader_name             = Ajit Kumar Mishra, OAS (SAG)
| leader_title2           = [[Superintendent of Police (India)|Superintendent of Police]]
| leader_title1           = Divisional Forest Officer Cum Wildlife Warden
| leader_name2           = Vivekananda Sharma, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| leader_name1             = K.R Parida, [OFS-1]
| unit_pref               = Metric
| leader_title2           = [[Superintendent of Police (India)|Superintendent of Police]]
| area_footnotes         =  
| leader_name2             = S. Sushree, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| area_rank               =  
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_total_km2         = 5294
| area_footnotes           =  
| elevation_footnotes     =  
| area_rank               =  
| elevation_m             = 195
| area_total_km2           = 5294
| population_total       = 1,220,946
| elevation_footnotes     =  
| population_as_of       = 2011
| elevation_m             = 195
| population_rank         =  
| population_total         = 1,220,946
| population_density_km2 = 192
| population_as_of         = 2011
| population_demonym     =  
| population_rank         =  
| population_footnotes   =  
| population_density_km2   = 192
| demographics_type1     = Languages
| population_demonym       =  
| demographics1_title1   = Official
| population_footnotes     =  
| demographics1_info1     = [[Odia language|Odia]], [[English language|English]]
| demographics_type1       = Languages
| demographics1_title2   = Other Local Language
| demographics1_title1     = Official
| demographics1_info2     = [[Bhatri language|Bhatri]], [[Gondi language|Gondi]], [[Kui language (India)|Kui]]
| demographics1_info1     = [[Odia language|Odia]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| demographics1_title2     = Other Local Language
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| demographics1_info2     = [[Bhatri language|Bhatri]], [[Gondi language|Gondi]], [[Kui language (India)|Kui]]
| postal_code_type       = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| postal_code             = 764 059
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| registration_plate     = OD-24
| postal_code_type         = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| blank1_name_sec1       = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| postal_code             = 764 059
| blank1_info_sec1       = 1.007 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| registration_plate       = OD-24
| blank2_name_sec1       = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_name_sec1         = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1       = [[Nabarangpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nabarangpur(ST)]]
| blank1_info_sec1         = 1.007 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank4_name_sec1       = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_name_sec1         = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank4_info_sec1       = 4{{collapsible list|title={{nbsp}}|073-[[Umerkote (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Umerkote(ST)]]<br /> 074-[[Jharigam (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jharigam(ST)]]<br />075-[[Nabarangpur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nabarangpur(ST)]]<br />076-[[Dabugam (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dabugam(ST)]]}}
| blank2_info_sec1         = [[Nabarangpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nabarangpur(ST)]]
| blank1_name_sec2       = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank4_name_sec1         = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec2       = [[Climatic regions of India|Aw]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| blank4_info_sec1         = 4{{collapsible list|title={{nbsp}}|073-[[Umerkote (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Umerkote(ST)]]<br /> 074-[[Jharigam (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jharigam(ST)]]<br />075-[[Nabarangpur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nabarangpur(ST)]]<br />076-[[Dabugam (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dabugam(ST)]]}}
| blank2_name_sec2       = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank1_name_sec2         = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank2_info_sec2       = {{convert|1691|mm|in}}
| blank1_info_sec2         = [[Climatic regions of India|Aw]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| blank3_name_sec2       = Avg. summer temperature
| blank2_name_sec2         = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank3_info_sec2       = {{convert|40|°C|°F}}
| blank2_info_sec2         = {{convert|1691|mm|in}}
| blank4_name_sec2       = Avg. winter temperature
| blank3_name_sec2         = Avg. summer temperature
| blank4_info_sec2       = {{convert|12|°C|°F}}
| blank3_info_sec2         = {{convert|40|°C|°F}}
| website                 = {{URL|www.nabarangpur.nic.in}}
| blank4_name_sec2         = Avg. winter temperature
| footnotes               =  
| blank4_info_sec2         = {{convert|12|°C|°F}}
| website                 = {{URL|www.nabarangpur.nic.in}}
| footnotes               =  
}}
}}
{{State of Odisha}}
{{State of Odisha}}
'''Nabarangpur district''', also known as '''Nabarangapur district''' and '''Nawarangpur district''', is a district of [[Odisha]], India. The city of [[Nabarangpur]] is the district capital. Most of its population is [[tribe|tribal]] and the land is heavily [[forested]]. It borders [[Kalahandi district|Kalahandi]] and [[Koraput district]]s. Nabarangpur district is situated at 19.14′ latitude and 82.32′ longitude at an average elevation of {{convert|572|m|ft}}.
'''Nabarangpur district''', also known as '''Nabarangapur district''' or '''Nawarangpur district''', is a district of [[Odisha]], India. The city of [[Nabarangpur]] is the district capital. Most of its population is [[tribe|tribal]] and the land is heavily [[forested]]. It borders [[Kalahandi district|Kalahandi]] and [[Koraput district]]s. Nabarangpur district is situated at 19.14′ latitude and 82.32′ longitude at an average elevation of {{convert|572|m|ft}}.


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
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==History==
==History==
Early history for the region is scanty. The [[Maurya Empire|Mauryas]] were believed to have exercised some control over the region, which was under the control of Kalinga. [[Kharavela]], who led a Kalinga resurgence, mentioned the territory as ''Vidyadhara'' and used troops for the region in his conquests. The second and third centuries saw Nabarangpur ruled by the [[Satavahana dynasty|Satavahanas]], Ikshavakus and [[Vakataka dynasty|Vakatakas]] in succession. However by 350 CE the district was not under the control of any major power, when [[Samudragupta]] led an expedition to the region. However Nabarangpur never came under direct control of the Guptas. In the 4th or 5th century CE the [[Nala dynasty]], with their headquarters in Pushkari near [[Umerkote]], took control of the entire Bastar-Koraput region. The ruins of large temples and land grants indicate extensive civilizational development in the area. The Nalas fought several wars with the Vakatakas, the first of which they won handily and the second of which Pushkari was destroyed. Nala power was briefly restored by Skanda Varman, who rebuilt Pushkari, but was soon swept away by the Chalukyas. At the end of the 5th century CE, the Eastern Gangas came to control the area, but this period is little-known.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=ODISHA DISTRICT GAZETTEERS: NABARANGPUR|url=https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3605ff764c617d3cd28dbbdd72be8f9a2/uploads/2018/05/2018050468.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref>
Early history for the region is scanty. The [[Maurya Empire|Mauryas]] were believed to have exercised some control over the region, which was under the control of Kalinga. [[Kharavela]], who led a Kalinga resurgence, mentioned the territory as ''Vidyadhara'' and used troops for the region in his conquests. The second and third centuries saw Nabarangpur ruled by the [[Satavahana dynasty|Satavahanas]], Ikshavakus and [[Vakataka dynasty|Vakatakas]] in succession. However by 350 CE the district was not under the control of any major power, when [[Samudragupta]] led an expedition to the region. However Nabarangpur never came under direct control of the Guptas. In the 4th or 5th century CE the [[Nala dynasty]], with their headquarters in Pushkari near [[Umerkote]], took control of the entire Bastar-Koraput region. The ruins of large temples and land grants indicate extensive civilizational development in the area. The Nalas fought several wars with the Vakatakas, the first of which they won handily and the second of which Pushkari was destroyed. Nala power was briefly restored by Skanda Varman, who rebuilt Pushkari, but was soon swept away by the Chalukyas. At the end of the 5th century CE, the Eastern Gangas came to control the area, but this period is little-known.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=ODISHA DISTRICT GAZETTEERS: NABARANGPUR|url=https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3605ff764c617d3cd28dbbdd72be8f9a2/uploads/2018/05/2018050468.pdf|url-status=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref>


By the middle of the 9th century CE, the territory, known as Trikalinga, was now under the Somvanshi rulers of [[Dakshina Kosala|South Kosala]]. In 1023, [[Rajendra Chola I|Rajendra Chola]] conquered the entire Bastar-Koraput region, then known as Chakrakota, but was soon beaten back by the Gangas.
By the middle of the 9th century CE, the territory, known as Trikalinga, was now under the Somvanshi rulers of [[Dakshina Kosala|South Kosala]]. In 1023, [[Rajendra Chola I|Rajendra Chola]] conquered the entire Bastar-Koraput region, then known as Chakrakota, but was soon beaten back by the Gangas.


At this time the [[Chindaka Naga]] dyansty, attested to in the Errakote inscription, established its rule in the region starting in 945. The Telugu Chodas, who accompanied [[Vikramaditya VI]]'s expedition to the region, became feudatories to them. Although the dynasty lost strength starting in 1050, descendants of the family continued to rule until the 13th century. They were replaced by the Matsyas, who may have exercised some control over Nabarangpur. In the 14th century, the Silavamshis conquered the region and patronized Jainism and Shaktism. They were later made tributary to the Golconda Sultanate.
At this time the [[Chindaka Naga]] dynasty, attested to in the Errakote inscription, established its rule in the region starting in 945. The Telugu Chodas, who accompanied [[Vikramaditya VI]]'s expedition to the region, became feudatories to them. Although the dynasty lost strength starting in 1050, descendants of the family continued to rule until the 13th century. They were replaced by the Matsyas, who may have exercised some control over Nabarangpur. In the 14th century, the Silavamshis conquered the region and patronized Jainism and Shaktism. They were later made tributary to the Golconda Sultanate.


The modern district of Nabarangpur was under the territory of the Suryavanshi kings of [[Kingdom of Jeypore|Jeypore]], who were previously feudatories of the [[Gajapati Kingdom|Gajapatis]] starting in the 15 century CE until the dissolution of the princely state in 1951. When the Gajapatis collapsed in 1541 following the death of [[Prataparudra Deva]], Vishwanath Dev, ruler of Nandapur and a former feudal lord of Pratap Rudra conquered a large territory that touched [[Bengal]] in the north to river [[Godavari]] in the south and stretched up to [[Visakhapatanam]] in the east till the kingdom of [[Bastar state|Bastar]] in the west.<ref>Presidency, Madras (1866). The Fifth Annual Report from the Select Committee on the Affairs of the East India Company (First ed.). United Scottish Press, London: Graves, Cookson & Co. p. 141,217. Retrieved 17 September 2019.</ref>
The modern district of Nabarangpur was under the territory of the Suryavanshi kings of [[Kingdom of Jeypore|Jeypore]], who were previously feudatories of the [[Gajapati Kingdom|Gajapatis]] starting in the 15 century CE until the dissolution of the princely state in 1951. When the Gajapatis collapsed in 1541 following the death of [[Prataparudra Deva]], Vishwanath Dev, ruler of Nandapur and a former feudal lord of Pratap Rudra conquered a large territory that touched [[Bengal]] in the north to river [[Godavari]] in the south and stretched up to [[Visakhapatanam]] in the east till the kingdom of [[Bastar state|Bastar]] in the west.<ref>Presidency, Madras (1866). The Fifth Annual Report from the Select Committee on the Affairs of the East India Company (First ed.). United Scottish Press, London: Graves, Cookson & Co. p. 141,217. Retrieved 17 September 2019.</ref>
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==Demographics==
==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 Census of India]] Nabarangpur district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,220,946, ranking it the 390th in population (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web|title=District Census 2011|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php|year=2011|publisher=Census2011.co.in|access-date=2011-09-30}}</ref> The district has a population density of {{convert| 230 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 18.81%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Nabarangapur has a [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] of 1018 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 48.2%. Scheduled Castes are 14.5% of the population while Scheduled Tribes are 55.8%.<ref name=districtcensus/>


At the time of the 2011 census, 71.13% of the population in the district spoke [[Odia language|Odia]], 7.12% [[Bhatri language|Bhatri]], 4.50% [[Gondi language|Gondi]], 4.41% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 4.28% [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]], 2.49% [[Desiya language|Desiya]], 1.90% [[Halbi language|Halbi]], 1.57% [[Kui language (India)|Kui]] and 1.40% [[Kuvi language|Kuvi]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref> Major Odia dialects of the region include [[Desiya language|Desia]].
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Nabarangpur district (2011)<ref name="census2011-religion">{{cite web|title=Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Odisha|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11387/download/14500/DDW21C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=Census of India, 2011|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Odisha|Hinduism]]|darkorange|96.48}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Odisha|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|2.63}}
{{bar percent|[[Odia Muslims|Islam]]|green|0.55}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.34}}
}}
 
According to the [[2011 Census of India]] Nabarangpur district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,220,946, ranking it the 390th in population (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |title=District Census Handbook 2011 - Nabarangpur|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/958/download/36700/DH_2011_2128_PART_A_DCHB_NABARANGAPUR.pdf|website=[[Census of India]]|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> The district has a population density of {{convert| 230 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 18.81%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Nabarangapur has a [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] of 1018 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 48.2%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are 14.53% and 55.79% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>
 
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Nabarangpur district (2011)<ref name="census2011-langreport"/>
|label1 = [[Odia language|Odia]] |value1 = 68.64 |color1 = Gold
|label2 = [[Bhatri language|Bhatri]] |value2 = 7.12 |color2 = thistle
|label3 = [[Gondi language|Gondi]] |value3 = 4.50 |color3 = Navy
|label4 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value4 = 4.41 |color4 = orangered
|label5 = [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]] |value5 = 4.28 |color5 = salmon
|label6 = [[Desiya language|Desiya]] |value6 = 2.49 |color6 = darkkhaki
|label7 = [[Halbi language|Halbi]] |value7 = 1.9 |color7 = purple
|label8 = [[Kui language (India)|Kui]]  |value8 = 1.57 |color8 = deepskyblue
|label9 = [[Kuvi language|Kuvi]] |value9 = 1.40 |color9 = lightblue
|label10 = Others |value10 = 3.69 |color10 = Grey
}}
 
At the time of the 2011 census, 68.64% of the population in the district spoke [[Odia language|Odia]], 7.12% [[Bhatri language|Bhatri]], 4.50% [[Gondi language|Gondi]], 4.41% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 4.28% [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]], 2.49% [[Desiya language|Desiya]], 1.90% [[Halbi language|Halbi]], 1.57% [[Kui language (India)|Kui]] and 1.40% [[Kuvi language|Kuvi]] as their first language.<ref name="census2011-langreport">{{cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Odisha|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10217/download/13329/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2100.XLSX|website=Census of India 2011 |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> Major Odia dialects of the region include [[Desiya language|Desia]] and [[Bhatri]].
{{Clear|left}}
{{Clear|left}}


Line 109: Line 140:
| align=left
| align=left
}}
}}
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Languages of Nabarangpur district in 2011 census
| label1 = [[Odia language|Odia]]
| value1 = 68.64
| color1 = Gold
| label2 = [[Bhatri language|Bhatri]]
| value2 = 7.12
| color2 = thistle
| label3 = [[Gondi language|Gondi]]
| value3 = 4.50
| color3 = Navy
| label4 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| value4 = 4.41
| color4 = orangered
| label5 = [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]]
| value5 = 4.28
| color5 = maroon
| label6 = [[Desiya language|Desiya]]
| value6 = 2.49
| color6 = darkkhaki
| label7 = [[Halbi language|Halbi]]
| value7 = 1.9
| color7 = purple
| label8 = [[Kui language (India)|Kui]]
| value8 = 1.57
| color8 = deepskyblue
| label9 = [[Kuvi language|Kuvi]]
| value9 = 1.40
| color9 = lightblue
| label10 = Others
| value10 = 3.69
| color10 = Grey
}}


==Vidhan sabha constituencies==
==Vidhan sabha constituencies==

Latest revision as of 18:21, 8 June 2022

This article is about the district. For city capital, see Nabarangapur.
Nabarangpur district
District of Odisha
View of Nabarangpur Lake
View of Nabarangpur Lake
Location in Odisha
Location in Odisha
Coordinates: 19°14′N 82°33′E / 19.23°N 82.55°E / 19.23; 82.55
Country India
State Odisha
HeadquartersNabarangpur
Government
 • Collector & District MagistrateAjit Kumar Mishra, OAS (SAG)
 • Divisional Forest Officer Cum Wildlife WardenK.R Parida, [OFS-1]
 • Superintendent of PoliceS. Sushree, IPS
Area
 • Total5,294 km2 (2,044 sq mi)
Elevation
195 m (640 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total1,220,946
 • Density192/km2 (500/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialOdia
 • Other Local LanguageBhatri, Gondi, Kui
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
764 059
Vehicle registrationOD-24
Sex ratio1.007 ♂/♀
Lok Sabha constituencyNabarangpur(ST)
Vidhan Sabha constituency4
ClimateAw (Köppen)
Precipitation1,691 millimetres (66.6 in)
Avg. summer temperature40 °C (104 °F)
Avg. winter temperature12 °C (54 °F)
Websitewww.nabarangpur.nic.in

Nabarangpur district, also known as Nabarangapur district or Nawarangpur district, is a district of Odisha, India. The city of Nabarangpur is the district capital. Most of its population is tribal and the land is heavily forested. It borders Kalahandi and Koraput districts. Nabarangpur district is situated at 19.14′ latitude and 82.32′ longitude at an average elevation of 572 metres (1,877 ft).

Geography[edit | edit source]

The district is mainly a relatively flat forested plateau with thick forest cover in the north and east of the district, while in the west there are some low hills which rise up to 1000 metres. In the south are the plains of the Indravati River, which forms much of the border with Koraput district, while the easternmost boundary close to Rayagada is in the Eastern Ghats. In the northeast is a tract named Panabeda Mutta around Chandahandi, around 150 metres above sea level.[1]

History[edit | edit source]

Early history for the region is scanty. The Mauryas were believed to have exercised some control over the region, which was under the control of Kalinga. Kharavela, who led a Kalinga resurgence, mentioned the territory as Vidyadhara and used troops for the region in his conquests. The second and third centuries saw Nabarangpur ruled by the Satavahanas, Ikshavakus and Vakatakas in succession. However by 350 CE the district was not under the control of any major power, when Samudragupta led an expedition to the region. However Nabarangpur never came under direct control of the Guptas. In the 4th or 5th century CE the Nala dynasty, with their headquarters in Pushkari near Umerkote, took control of the entire Bastar-Koraput region. The ruins of large temples and land grants indicate extensive civilizational development in the area. The Nalas fought several wars with the Vakatakas, the first of which they won handily and the second of which Pushkari was destroyed. Nala power was briefly restored by Skanda Varman, who rebuilt Pushkari, but was soon swept away by the Chalukyas. At the end of the 5th century CE, the Eastern Gangas came to control the area, but this period is little-known.[1]

By the middle of the 9th century CE, the territory, known as Trikalinga, was now under the Somvanshi rulers of South Kosala. In 1023, Rajendra Chola conquered the entire Bastar-Koraput region, then known as Chakrakota, but was soon beaten back by the Gangas.

At this time the Chindaka Naga dynasty, attested to in the Errakote inscription, established its rule in the region starting in 945. The Telugu Chodas, who accompanied Vikramaditya VI's expedition to the region, became feudatories to them. Although the dynasty lost strength starting in 1050, descendants of the family continued to rule until the 13th century. They were replaced by the Matsyas, who may have exercised some control over Nabarangpur. In the 14th century, the Silavamshis conquered the region and patronized Jainism and Shaktism. They were later made tributary to the Golconda Sultanate.

The modern district of Nabarangpur was under the territory of the Suryavanshi kings of Jeypore, who were previously feudatories of the Gajapatis starting in the 15 century CE until the dissolution of the princely state in 1951. When the Gajapatis collapsed in 1541 following the death of Prataparudra Deva, Vishwanath Dev, ruler of Nandapur and a former feudal lord of Pratap Rudra conquered a large territory that touched Bengal in the north to river Godavari in the south and stretched up to Visakhapatanam in the east till the kingdom of Bastar in the west.[2]

Later, Vikram Dev I (1758-1781 CE) of Jeypore appointed his second son Jagganath Dev as the zamindar of Nowrangpur.[3] The district was thus administered as a part of Koraput. Eventually Nabarangpur subdivision was created in 1941.

Nabarangpur played a part in the freedom movement. Several people from Nabarangpur were the founders of Congress in Koraput. They participated in the civil disobedience movement launched by Gandhi starting in 1942. On 24 August 1942, a crowd of people assembled in Dabugaon to launch a procession to decide the next stage of the freedom movement. At the flooded Turi River near Papadahandi, the police lathi-charged and fired on the demonstrators, killing 19, injuring 100 and arresting 140.

After Independence, the Odisha assembly abolished all zamindaris and estates. As part of this, the undivided Koraput district, which was known as the Jeypore Zamindari, was divided into 10 anchals, 3 of which were Nabarangpur, Borigumma and Umerkote. In 1958, some refugees from East Pakistan were settled in Umerkote subdivision as part of the Dandakaranya Project. In 1991, Nabarangpur district was carved out of Koraput district.

Economy[edit | edit source]

In 2006, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Nabarangpur one of the country's 250 poorest districts (out of a total of 640).[4] It is one of the 19 districts in Odisha currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[4] The majority of the district's population is dependent on agriculture, with 40% of the land being under cultivation. In recent years some industry has been set up in the district.

Culture[edit | edit source]

Nabarangpur is well-known for its tribal culture. Some of the largest tribes are the Bhottadas and Gonds. Each of these tribes has their own language, customs and folk dances, although all understand Odia. Some dances that are well-known include the Cherechera by the Bhottadas. The tribals in the district still follow their traditional religion, albeit heavily influenced by Hindu customs. Generally the tribes have certain similarities, such as totemistic clans, similar settlement patterns, and usage of mahua. Some major festivals unique to tribals of Nabarangpur include Chaitra Parab, Pus Parab and Magha Parab.

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Religions in Nabarangpur district (2011)[5]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 96.48%
Christianity
 
 2.63%
Islam
 
 0.55%
Other or not stated
 
 0.34%

According to the 2011 Census of India Nabarangpur district has a population of 1,220,946, ranking it the 390th in population (out of a total of 640).[6] The district has a population density of 230 inhabitants per square kilometre (600/sq mi).[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 18.81%.[6] Nabarangapur has a sex ratio of 1018 females for every 1000 males[6] and a literacy rate of 48.2%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are 14.53% and 55.79% of the population respectively.[6]

Languages of Nabarangpur district (2011)[7]
  1. Odia (68.6%)
  2. Bhatri (7.12%)
  3. Gondi (4.50%)
  4. Bengali (4.41%)
  5. Chhattisgarhi (4.28%)
  6. Desiya (2.49%)
  7. Halbi (1.90%)
  8. Kui (1.57%)
  9. Kuvi (1.40%)
  10. Others (3.69%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 68.64% of the population in the district spoke Odia, 7.12% Bhatri, 4.50% Gondi, 4.41% Bengali, 4.28% Chhattisgarhi, 2.49% Desiya, 1.90% Halbi, 1.57% Kui and 1.40% Kuvi as their first language.[7] Major Odia dialects of the region include Desia and Bhatri.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901180,597—    
1911217,118+1.86%
1921210,348−0.32%
1931248,072+1.66%
1941294,084+1.72%
1951330,476+1.17%
1961422,325+2.48%
1971547,944+2.64%
1981681,579+2.21%
1991846,659+2.19%
20011,025,766+1.94%
20111,220,946+1.76%
Source:[8]

Vidhan sabha constituencies[edit | edit source]

Main article: List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha

The following are the four Vidhan sabha constituencies of Nabarangpur district and the elected members[9] of that area:

No. Constituency Reservation* Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks) Member of 14th Assembly Party
73 Umarkote ST Raighar, Umarkote (NAC), Umarkote (part) Nityananda Gond BJP
74 Jharigam ST Jharigam, Chandahandi, Umarkote (part) Prakash Chandra Majhi BJD
75 Nabarangpur ST Nabarangpur (M), Nabarangpur, Tentulikhunti, Nandahandi, Kosagumuda (part) Sadasiva Pradhani BJD
76 Dabugam ST Dabugam, Papadahandi, Kosagumuda (part) Manohar Randhari BJD

* Since all seats of Nabarangpur district are covered by ST Seats no SC seat is assigned.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "ODISHA DISTRICT GAZETTEERS: NABARANGPUR" (PDF).
  2. ↑ Presidency, Madras (1866). The Fifth Annual Report from the Select Committee on the Affairs of the East India Company (First ed.). United Scottish Press, London: Graves, Cookson & Co. p. 141,217. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  3. ↑ Singh Deo 1939, p. 8.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  5. ↑ "Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Odisha". Census of India, 2011. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 "District Census Handbook 2011 - Nabarangpur" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Odisha". Census of India 2011. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  8. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  9. ↑ "List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly". ws.ori.nic.in. Archived from the original on 2 May 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2013. MEMBER NAME

External links[edit | edit source]

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