Economy of Tamil Nadu: Difference between revisions

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 Tamil Nadu has four major ports at [[Chennai Port|Chennai]], [[Ennore Port|Ennore]], [[Kattupalli Shipyard|Kattupalli]] and [[Tuticorin]], as well as one intermediate port, [[Nagapattinam]], and seven minor ports, [[Rameswaram]], [[Kanyakumari (town)|Kanyakumari]], [[Cuddalore]], [[Colachel]], [[Karaikal]], [[Pamban]] and [[Valinokkam]] of which are currently capable of handling over 73 million metric tonnes of cargo annually (24 per cent share of India). All the minor ports are managed by the Tamil Nadu Maritime Board.<ref name="tnmariboard">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/per-budget-1999-2001/hrw-pb-e-3.htm|title=Creation of the Tamil Nadu Maritime Board}}</ref> Chennai Port is an artificial harbour situated on the Coromandel Coast in South-East India and it is the second principal port in the country for handling containers. It is currently being upgraded to have a dedicated terminal for cars capable of handling 400,000 vehicles by 2009 to be used by Hyundai, Ford and Nissan Renault.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibef.org/news/16235|title=Dedicated ports new craze in autoville &#124; IBEF|website=www.ibef.org}}</ref> [[Ennore Port]] was recently converted from an intermediate port to a major port and handles all the coal and ore traffic in Tamil Nadu. The volume of cargo in the ports grew by 13 per cent over 2005.<ref name="ennoreport">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ennoreport.gov.in/content/|title=Kamarajar Port Limited|website=www.ennoreport.gov.in}}</ref><ref name="tutiport">[http://www.tuticorinport.gov.in/ Official website for Tuticorin Port] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080731210325/http://www.tuticorinport.gov.in/ |date=31 July 2008 }}</ref> The Tuticorin Port is expanding its facilities at the cost of US$1.6 billion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/070620/54/6h6wr.html|title=Expansion of Tuticorin Port}}</ref> The [[Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project]] will transform the [[Tuticorin]] port into a [[transshipment]] hub similar to those in Singapore and [[Colombo]]. The ports are in need of improvement and some of them have container terminals privatised.
+== Tourism ==
+{{main|Tourism in Tamil Nadu}}
+Owing to the [[History of Tamil Nadu|ancientness]] and [[Tamil culture|depth]] of its civilization, Tamil Nadu has been a hub for [[tourism]]. In recent years, the state has emerged as one of the leading tourist destination for both domestic and foreign tourists. Tourism in Tamil Nadu is promoted by Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC), a Government of Tamil Nadu undertaking.  The state currently ranks the highest among Indian states with about 248 million arrivals in 2013.<ref name="toi3">{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Tamil-Nadu-most-popular-tourist-destination-for-domestic-travellers/articleshow/37735735.cms | title=Tamil Nadu most popular tourist destination for domestic travellers | work=Times of India| access-date=5 July 2014}}</ref> The annual growth rate of the industry stood at 16 per cent.  Approximately 2,804,687 foreign and 111,637,104 domestic tourists visited the state in 2010.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811100854/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-10/chennai/28312714_1_ttdc-package-tours-tourist-destinations Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh build temple ties to boost tourism]. ''The Times of India''. (10 August 2010).</ref>
+[[File:Kanyakumari Moon View.jpg|200 px|right|thumb|Statue of [[Thiruvalluvar]], [[Kanniyakumari]], [[Tamil Nadu]]]]
+[[File:Mamallapuram (167).jpg|200 px|right|thumb|[[Shore Temple|Shore Temple, Mahabalipuram]] (built in 700–728 AD) in [[Tamil Nadu]]]]
+The state boasts some of the grand Hindu temples built in Dravidian architecture. The Brihadishwara Temple in Thanjavur, built by the Cholas, the Airavateswara temple in Darasuram and the Shore Temple, along with the collection of other monuments in Mahabalipuram (also called Mamallapuram) have been declared as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Madurai is home to the Madurai Meenakshi Amman Temple. Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam is the largest functioning temple in the world, Tiruchirappalli where the famous Rockfort Temple is located, Rameshwaram whose temple walk-ways corridor (Praagarams) are the longest 1.2&nbsp;km (0.75&nbsp;mi) of all Indian temples in the world, Kanchipuram and Palani are important pilgrimage sites for Hindus. Other popular temples in Tamil Nadu include those in Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Chidambaram, Thiruvannaamalai, Tiruchendur, Tiruvarur, Kumbakonam, Srivilliputhur, Tiruttani, Namakkal, Vellore, Karur, Bhavani, Coimbatore, Kanniyakumari.
+Tamil Nadu is also home to hill stations like Udhagamandalam (Ooty), Kodaikanal, Yercaud, Coonoor, Topslip, Valparai, Yelagiri and Manjolai. The Nilgiri hills, Palani hills, Shevaroy hills, Kolli Hills and Cardamom hills are all abodes of thick forests and wildlife. Tamil Nadu has many National Parks, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Elephant and Bird Sanctuaries, Reserved Forests, Zoos and Crocodile farms. Prominent among them are Mudumalai National Park, The Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, Anaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary and Arignar Anna Zoological Park. The mangrove forests at Pichavaram are also eco-tourism spots of importance.
+Kanyakumari, the southernmost tip of peninsular India, is famous for its beautiful sunrise, Vivekananda Rock Memorial and Thiruvalluvar's statue built off the coastline. Marina Beach in Chennai is one of the longest beaches in the world. The stretch of beaches from Chennai to Mahabalipuram are home to many resorts, theme parks and eateries. The prominent waterfalls in the state are Courtallam, Hogenakkal, Papanasam, Manimuthar, Thirparappu, Pykara and Silver Cascade. The Chettinad region of the state is renowned for its Palatial houses and cuisine. With medical care in Chennai, Vellore, Coimbatore and Madurai, Tamil Nadu has the largest numbers in Medical tourism in India.