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{{short description|Ethnic group in India}}
{{short description|Ethnic group in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group=Americans in India
| group           = Americans in India
|image   =
| image           =  
|caption =  
| caption         =  
|population = 1,000,000 (2019)<ref>{{cite web|title=Fact Sheet: The United States and India — Prosperity Through Partnership|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/fact-sheet-united-states-and-india-prosperity-through-partnership|access-date=28 June 2017|language=en|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|date=26 June 2017}}</ref>
| population       = 1,500,000 (2024–25) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-19 |title=Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of O.. {{!}} migrationpolicy.org |url=https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/immigrant-and-emigrant-populations-country-origin-and-destination |access-date=2025-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319075252/https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/immigrant-and-emigrant-populations-country-origin-and-destination |archive-date=19 March 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-04 |title=International Migrant Stock {{!}} Population Division |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/international-migrant-stock |access-date=2025-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904210709/https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/international-migrant-stock |archive-date=4 September 2022 }}</ref>
 
| regions         = [[Bangalore]]{{·}}[[Chennai]]{{·}}[[Hyderabad]]{{·}}[[Mumbai]]{{·}}[[New Delhi]] {{·}} [[Kochi]]
|regions= [[Bangalore]]{{·}}[[Chennai]]{{·}}[[Hyderabad]]{{·}}[[Mumbai]]{{·}}[[New Delhi]] {{·}} [[Kochi]]
| langs           = [[English language|English]]{{·}}[[Languages of India|Indian languages]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
|langs= [[American English]]{{·}}[[Languages of India|Indian languages]]
| rels             = Christianity{{·}}[[Hinduism]]{{·}}[[Islam]]{{·}}[[Sikhism]]
|rels= [[Christianity]]{{·}}[[Hinduism]]{{·}}[[Islam]]{{·}}[[Sikhism]]
| related         = [[Emigration from the United States|American diaspora]]
|related= [[Emigration from the United States|American diaspora]]
}}
}}


'''Americans in India''' comprise expatriates and immigrants from the [[United States]] living in [[India]], along with [[India]]n citizens of [[Americans|American]] descent. They have a history stretching back to the late [[18th century]].<ref>{{harvnb|Bhagat|1970}}</ref>
'''Americans in India''' comprise immigrants from the United States living in India, along with Indian citizens of American descent. They have a history stretching back to the late 18th century.<ref>{{harvnb|Bhagat|1970}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
Line 19: Line 19:
After the end of [[British India|British colonial rule in India]] in 1947, the "colonial third culture" surrounding employment, which featured expatriates in superior roles, natives in subordinate roles, and little informal socialisation between the two, began to be replaced with a "co-ordinate third culture", based around the common social life of Americans working in multinational corporations and their Indian colleagues. Americans who came to India for work slowly assimilated into this culture.<ref>{{harvnb|J. Useem|1966|p=146}}</ref> Many companies in those days found they had difficulty retaining American employees with children; they found educational facilities at the high school level to be inadequate.<ref>{{harvnb|R. Useem|1966|p=132}}</ref>
After the end of [[British India|British colonial rule in India]] in 1947, the "colonial third culture" surrounding employment, which featured expatriates in superior roles, natives in subordinate roles, and little informal socialisation between the two, began to be replaced with a "co-ordinate third culture", based around the common social life of Americans working in multinational corporations and their Indian colleagues. Americans who came to India for work slowly assimilated into this culture.<ref>{{harvnb|J. Useem|1966|p=146}}</ref> Many companies in those days found they had difficulty retaining American employees with children; they found educational facilities at the high school level to be inadequate.<ref>{{harvnb|R. Useem|1966|p=132}}</ref>


In a break from the long tradition of older American expatriates coming to India to manage local subsidiaries of American companies, a trend began in the 2000s of younger Americans taking jobs at Indian companies, especially in the information technology sector, often at lower wages than they had previously earned in the U.S. In 2006 there were estimated to be roughly 800 American immigrants working in high-tech companies in India.<ref>{{citation|title=M.B.A. Students Bypassing Wall Street for a Summer in India|periodical=The New York Times|date=2005-08-10|access-date=2009-03-06|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/10/business/worldbusiness/10intern.html|last=Rai|first=Saritha}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Americans seek opportunity in booming Bangalore|date=2006-04-03|access-date=2009-03-06|last=Chea|first=Terence|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-121108666.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023110727/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-121108666.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-10-23|periodical=Associated Press}}</ref>
In a break from the long tradition of older American expatriates coming to India to manage local subsidiaries of American companies, a trend began in the 2000s of younger Americans taking jobs at Indian companies, especially in the information technology sector, often at lower wages than they had previously earned in the U.S. In 2006 there were estimated to be roughly 800 American immigrants working in high-tech companies in India.<ref>{{citation|title=M.B.A. Students Bypassing Wall Street for a Summer in India|periodical=The New York Times|date=10 August 2005|access-date=6 March 2009|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/10/business/worldbusiness/10intern.html|last=Rai|first=Saritha}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Americans seek opportunity in booming Bangalore|date=3 April 2006|access-date=6 March 2009|last=Chea|first=Terence|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-121108666.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023110727/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-121108666.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 October 2012|periodical=Associated Press}}</ref>


==Numbers==
==Numbers==
According to a White House press release on June 26, 2017, over 700,000 U.S. citizens reside in India.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fact Sheet: The United States and India — Prosperity Through Partnership|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/fact-sheet-united-states-and-india-prosperity-through-partnership|access-date=28 June 2017|language=en|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|date=26 June 2017}}</ref>
In 2002, one widely cited estimate stated that 60,000 Americans, including African Americans, lived in India. However, exact numbers were difficult to come by because many did not register with the embassy.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/08/world/many-americans-unfazed-go-on-doing-business-in-india.html|periodical=The New York Times|title=Many Americans, Unfazed, Go On Doing Business in India|first1=Barry|last1=Bearak|first2=Seth|last2=Mydans|date=8 June 2002|access-date=6 March 2009}}</ref> Some media reports around the time of the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 U.S. presidential election]] stated that 10,000 Americans lived in India at the time.<ref>{{citation|last=Guha|first=Seema|title=Obama fans have already called a party in Delhi|periodical=DNA India|date=4 November 2008|access-date=6 March 2009|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?newsid=1203199}}</ref> However ,this conflicted with another figure given by the head of the U.S. consulate in Mumbai, who estimated that there were 9,000 living in Mumbai and its surroundings alone, representing almost 0.1% of its total population.<ref>{{citation|title=How Americans in India vote for US polls?|periodical=The Times of India|date=29 October 2008|access-date=6 March 2009|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/903355.cms}}</ref>


In 2002, one widely cited estimate stated that 60,000 Americans including African Americans lived in India. However, exact numbers were difficult to come by because many did not register with the embassy.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/08/world/many-americans-unfazed-go-on-doing-business-in-india.html|periodical=The New York Times|title=Many Americans, Unfazed, Go On Doing Business in India|first1=Barry|last1=Bearak|first2=Seth|last2=Mydans|date=2002-06-08|access-date=2009-03-06}}</ref> Some media reports around the time of the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 U.S. presidential election]] stated that 10,000 Americans lived in India at the time.<ref>{{citation|last=Guha|first=Seema|title=Obama fans have already called a party in Delhi|periodical=DNA India|date=2008-11-04|access-date=2009-03-06|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?newsid=1203199}}</ref> However this conflicted with another figure given by the head of the U.S. consulate in Mumbai, who estimated that there were 9,000 living in Mumbai and its surroundings alone, representing almost 0,1% of its total population.<ref>{{citation|title=How Americans in India vote for US polls?|periodical=The Times of India|date=2008-10-29|access-date=2009-03-06|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/903355.cms}}</ref>
== Culture ==
 
=== Music ===
American music first came to India at the turn of the 20th century, mediated to some extent through Britain and involving a significant amount of African American [[jazz]] music.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sen |first=Biswarup |date=2024-10-01 |title=Introduction: western popular music and Indian modernity |journal=South Asian History and Culture |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=359–373 |doi=10.1080/19472498.2024.2414698 |issn=1947-2498 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
 
=== Sports ===
{{Excerpt|Sport in British India#North America|paragraphs=1|files=1}}


==In fiction==
==In fiction==
Fictional portrayals include [[Paul Theroux]]'s ''The Elephanta Suite''.{{cn|date=June 2020}} ''[[Outsourced (TV series)|Outsourced]]'' aired on [[NBC]] during the 2010 television season, depicting an American manager at a call center in Mumbai.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=NBC Cancels 'Outsourced': First TV Show Set in India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/us-canada-news/NBC-Cancels-Outsourced-First-TV-Show-Set-in-India/articleshow/8487307.cms |newspaper=Times of India |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd |date=May 21, 2011 |access-date=July 18, 2014 }}</ref>
''[[Outsourced (TV series)|Outsourced]]'' aired on [[NBC]] during the 2010 television season, depicting an American manager at a call center in Mumbai.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=NBC Cancels 'Outsourced': First TV Show Set in India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/us-canada-news/NBC-Cancels-Outsourced-First-TV-Show-Set-in-India/articleshow/8487307.cms |newspaper=Times of India |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd |date=21 May 2011 |access-date=18 July 2014 }}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
American schools in India include:
American schools in India include:
* [[American Embassy School]] (Delhi)
* [[American Embassy School, New Delhi|American Embassy School]] (Delhi)
* [[American School of Bombay]]
* [[American School of Bombay]]
* [[American International School–Chennai]]
* American International School Chennai


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
This is a list of current and [[list of former United States citizens who relinquished their nationality|former U.S. citizens]] whose notability is related to their residence in India.
This is a list of current and [[list of former United States citizens who relinquished their nationality|former U.S. citizens]] whose notability is related to their residence in India.
* [[Akhil Akkineni]], American actor of Indian descent, who works in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] films
* [[Akhil Akkineni]], American actor of Indian descent, who works in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] films
*[[Tom Alter]], actor in the [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]] industry, former U.S. citizen<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/06/movies/an-american-star-of-the-hindi-screen.html|title=An American Star of the Hindi Screen|periodical=The New York Times|access-date=2009-03-06|date=1989-07-06|last=Hazarika|first=Sanjoy}}</ref>
*[[Tom Alter]], actor in the [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]] industry, former U.S. citizen<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/06/movies/an-american-star-of-the-hindi-screen.html|title=An American Star of the Hindi Screen|periodical=The New York Times|access-date=6 March 2009|date=6 July 1989|last=Hazarika|first=Sanjoy}}</ref>
* [[Martha Chen]], born and raised up in India but later became an American citizen
* [[Martha Chen]], American citizen and raised in India
* [[Mary Curzon, Baroness Curzon of Kedleston|Mary Curzon]], Baroness Curzon of Kedleston, CI (27 May 1870 – 18 July 1906); as Vicereine of India, she held the highest official title in history of any American woman up to her time
* [[Mary Curzon, Baroness Curzon of Kedleston|Mary Curzon]], Baroness Curzon of Kedleston, CI (27 May 1870 – 18 July 1906); as Vicereine of India, she held the highest official title in history of any American woman up to her time
* [[Monica Dogra]], American singer and actor of Indian origin based in Mumbai
* [[Monica Dogra]], American singer and actor of Indian origin based in Mumbai
* [[Ellis R. Dungan]], American director who worked in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] films
* [[Ellis R. Dungan]], American director who worked in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] films
* [[Goa Gil]]
* [[Goa Gil]], American-born musician, DJ, remixer and party organizer
* [[Lauren Gottlieb]], actress and dancer   
* [[Lauren Gottlieb]], actress and dancer   
* [[Nathaniel Higginson]], Governor of Madras (1692–98)
* [[Nathaniel Higginson]], Governor of Madras (1692–98)
*[[Deva Katta]], Indian-born film director who has later acquired U.S. citizenship, works in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] films
*[[Deva Katta]], an Indian-born film director who later acquired U.S. citizenship, works in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] films
* [[Imran Khan (Bollywood actor)|Imran Khan]], American actor of Indian origin, who works in [[Hindi]] films
* [[Imran Khan (Bollywood actor)|Imran Khan]], American actor of Indian origin, who works in [[Hindi]] films
* [[Jiah Khan]]
* [[Akshay Oberoi]], an American actor of Indian origin, who works in [[Hindi]] films
* [[Jiah Khan]], British-American actress and singer
* Dr. [[Anna Sarah Kugler]], first medical missionary of the [[Evangelical Lutheran General Synod of the United States of North America]]
* Dr. [[Anna Sarah Kugler]], first medical missionary of the [[Evangelical Lutheran General Synod of the United States of North America]]
* [[Pooja Kumar]], American actress born to Indian immigrants; works in the Tamil industry
* [[Pooja Kumar]], American actress born to Indian immigrants; works in the Tamil industry
* [[Justin McCarthy (dancer)|Justin McCarthy]], American-born Indian [[Bharatnatyam]] dancer, instructor and choreographer
* [[Justin McCarthy (dancer)|Justin McCarthy]], American-born Indian [[Bharatnatyam]] dancer, instructor and choreographer
* Dr. [[Ida S. Scudder]], doctor and founder of Christian Medical College, Vellore
* [[Nandini Nimbkar]], president of the [[Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute]] (NARI)
* [[Nandini Nimbkar]], president of the [[Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute]] (NARI)
* [[Alexx O'Nell]], actor and singer  
* [[Alexx O'Nell]], actor and singer  
* [[Joseph Allen Stein]], American architect
* [[Joseph Allen Stein]], American architect
* [[Samuel Evans Stokes]], later [[Satyananda Stokes]], came to India in 1904 to work at a leper colony in the Simla Hills
* [[Samuel Evans Stokes]], later [[Satyananda Stokes]], came to India in 1904 to work at a leper colony in the Simla Hills, politician, freedom fighter in India's Independence Movement
* [[Romulus Whitaker]], herpetologist and wildlife conservationist, born in [[New York City]], became an Indian citizen in 1975
* [[Romulus Whitaker]], herpetologist and wildlife conservationist, born in New York City, became an Indian citizen in 1975
* [[Elihu Yale]], [[Governor of Madras Presidency]] (1684–85, 1687–92), founder of [[Yale University]]
* [[Elihu Yale]], [[Governor of Madras Presidency]] (1684–85, 1687–92), founder of [[Yale University]]
* [[Gadwal Vijayalakshmi]], Mayor of [[Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation]] (GHMC) since 2021. Indian-born former American citizen.<ref>{{cite web |title=From renouncing US citizenship to becoming Hyderabad mayor, the story of Vijayalaxmi |url=https://www.siasat.com/from-renouncing-us-citizenship-to-becoming-hyderabad-mayor-the-story-of-vijayalaxmi-2088027/ |website=The Siasat Daily |last=Vibhavari |first=Sruthi |date=11 February 2021 }}</ref>
* [[Amit Jogi]]. Chhattisgarh MLA (2013–2018) from [[Marwahi Assembly constituency|Marwahi]], former American citizen.
* John Packard (Grandfather of Actor [[Gavin Packard]] who came to India as a US Army veteran and stayed there.)
* Drew Hicks, A social media personality and YouTuber who got famous for speaking Bhojpuri and Hindi videos


==See also==
==See also==
 
{{Portal|India|United States}}
*[[Indian American]]
*[[Indian Americans]]
{{-}}
*[[India–United States relations]]
{{Clear}}


==References==
==References==
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*{{citation|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science|volume=368|issue=1|year=1966|pages=157&ndash;170|doi=10.1177/000271626636800115|title=Some Minor Pathologies in the American Presence in India|first=Richard D.|last=Lambert|s2cid=145463917}}
*{{citation|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science|volume=368|issue=1|year=1966|pages=157&ndash;170|doi=10.1177/000271626636800115|title=Some Minor Pathologies in the American Presence in India|first=Richard D.|last=Lambert|s2cid=145463917}}
*{{citation|title=American-Educated Indians and Americans in India: A Comparison of Two Modernizing Roles|first1=John|last1=Useem|first2=Ruth Hill|last2=Useem|journal=Journal of Social Issues|volume=24|issue=4|year=1968|pages=143–158|doi=10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02319.x }}
*{{citation|title=American-Educated Indians and Americans in India: A Comparison of Two Modernizing Roles|first1=John|last1=Useem|first2=Ruth Hill|last2=Useem|journal=Journal of Social Issues|volume=24|issue=4|year=1968|pages=143–158|doi=10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02319.x }}
*{{citation|url=http://chronicle.com/article/What-I-Did-When-I-Couldnt/66281/|last=Hudson|first=Dana Andrew|journal=Chronicle of Higher Education|date=2010-07-18|access-date=2010-07-27|title=What I Did When I Couldn't Find a Job}}; a personal account from an unemployed American who moved to [[Sikkim]] to work as a newspaper editor
*{{citation|url=http://chronicle.com/article/What-I-Did-When-I-Couldnt/66281/|last=Hudson|first=Dana Andrew|journal=Chronicle of Higher Education|date=18 July 2010|access-date=27 July 2010|title=What I Did When I Couldn't Find a Job}}; a personal account from an unemployed American who moved to [[Sikkim]] to work as a newspaper editor


==External links==
==External links==
Line 92: Line 104:
[[Category:American diaspora in Asia|India]]
[[Category:American diaspora in Asia|India]]
[[Category:American expatriates in India| ]]
[[Category:American expatriates in India| ]]
[[Category:Immigration to India|Americans]]
[[Category:Diasporas in India|Americans]]
[[Category:American emigrants to India| ]]
[[Category:American emigrants to India| ]]
[[Category:Indian people of American descent| ]]
[[Category:Indian people of American descent| ]]
[[Category:American emigration]]
[[Category:American emigration]]

Latest revision as of 14:14, 25 January 2026


Americans in India
Total population
1,500,000 (2024–25) [1][2]
Regions with significant populations
Bangalore · Chennai · Hyderabad · Mumbai · New Delhi  · Kochi
Languages
English · Indian languages and Spanish
Religion
Christianity · Hinduism · Islam · Sikhism
Related ethnic groups
American diaspora

Americans in India comprise immigrants from the United States living in India, along with Indian citizens of American descent. They have a history stretching back to the late 18th century.[3]

History[edit | edit source]

During World War II, more than 400,000 American soldiers were sent to India.[4]

After the end of British colonial rule in India in 1947, the "colonial third culture" surrounding employment, which featured expatriates in superior roles, natives in subordinate roles, and little informal socialisation between the two, began to be replaced with a "co-ordinate third culture", based around the common social life of Americans working in multinational corporations and their Indian colleagues. Americans who came to India for work slowly assimilated into this culture.[5] Many companies in those days found they had difficulty retaining American employees with children; they found educational facilities at the high school level to be inadequate.[6]

In a break from the long tradition of older American expatriates coming to India to manage local subsidiaries of American companies, a trend began in the 2000s of younger Americans taking jobs at Indian companies, especially in the information technology sector, often at lower wages than they had previously earned in the U.S. In 2006 there were estimated to be roughly 800 American immigrants working in high-tech companies in India.[7][8]

Numbers[edit | edit source]

In 2002, one widely cited estimate stated that 60,000 Americans, including African Americans, lived in India. However, exact numbers were difficult to come by because many did not register with the embassy.[9] Some media reports around the time of the 2008 U.S. presidential election stated that 10,000 Americans lived in India at the time.[10] However ,this conflicted with another figure given by the head of the U.S. consulate in Mumbai, who estimated that there were 9,000 living in Mumbai and its surroundings alone, representing almost 0.1% of its total population.[11]

Culture[edit | edit source]

Music[edit | edit source]

American music first came to India at the turn of the 20th century, mediated to some extent through Britain and involving a significant amount of African American jazz music.[12]

Sports[edit | edit source]

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In fiction[edit | edit source]

Outsourced aired on NBC during the 2010 television season, depicting an American manager at a call center in Mumbai.[13]

Education[edit | edit source]

American schools in India include:

Notable people[edit | edit source]

This is a list of current and former U.S. citizens whose notability is related to their residence in India.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of O.. | migrationpolicy.org". 19 March 2022. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2025.
  2. ↑ "International Migrant Stock | Population Division". 4 September 2022. Archived from the original on 4 September 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2025.
  3. ↑ Bhagat 1970
  4. ↑ Vest 1948, p. 223
  5. ↑ J. Useem 1966, p. 146
  6. ↑ R. Useem 1966, p. 132
  7. ↑ Rai, Saritha (10 August 2005), "M.B.A. Students Bypassing Wall Street for a Summer in India", The New York Times, retrieved 6 March 2009
  8. ↑ Chea, Terence (3 April 2006), "Americans seek opportunity in booming Bangalore", Associated Press, archived from the original on 23 October 2012, retrieved 6 March 2009
  9. ↑ Bearak, Barry; Mydans, Seth (8 June 2002), "Many Americans, Unfazed, Go On Doing Business in India", The New York Times, retrieved 6 March 2009
  10. ↑ Guha, Seema (4 November 2008), "Obama fans have already called a party in Delhi", DNA India, retrieved 6 March 2009
  11. ↑ "How Americans in India vote for US polls?", The Times of India, 29 October 2008, retrieved 6 March 2009
  12. ↑ Sen, Biswarup (1 October 2024). "Introduction: western popular music and Indian modernity". South Asian History and Culture. 15 (4): 359–373. doi:10.1080/19472498.2024.2414698. ISSN 1947-2498.
  13. ↑ "NBC Cancels 'Outsourced': First TV Show Set in India". Times of India. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. 21 May 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  14. ↑ Hazarika, Sanjoy (6 July 1989), "An American Star of the Hindi Screen", The New York Times, retrieved 6 March 2009
  15. ↑ Vibhavari, Sruthi (11 February 2021). "From renouncing US citizenship to becoming Hyderabad mayor, the story of Vijayalaxmi". The Siasat Daily.

Sources[edit | edit source]

  • Bhagat, G. (1970), Americans in India, 1784–1860, New York University Press, OCLC 119335
    • Reviewed by Huttenback, Robert A.; Bhagat, G. (April 1972), "Review: Americans in India, 1784–1860, G. Bhagat", The American Historical Review, 77 (2), American Historical Association: 567, doi:10.2307/1868817, JSTOR 1868817
  • Useem, John (1966), "Work Patterns of Americans in India", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 368 (1): 146–156, doi:10.1177/000271626636800114, S2CID 146651358
  • Useem, Ruth Hill (1966), "The American Family in India", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 368 (1): 132–145, doi:10.1177/000271626636800113, S2CID 145784887
  • Vest, Eugene B. (October–December 1948), "Native Words Learned by American Soldiers in India and Burma in World War II", American Speech, 23 (3/4), Duke University Press: 223–231, doi:10.2307/486923, JSTOR 486923

Further reading[edit | edit source]

  • Blood, Archer K. (2005). The cruel birth of Bangladesh: Memoirs of an American diplomat. Dhaka: University Press.
  • Heideman, Eugene P. (2001), From Mission to Church: The Reformed Church in America Mission to India, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8028-4900-7
  • Lambert, Richard D. (1966), "Some Minor Pathologies in the American Presence in India", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 368 (1): 157–170, doi:10.1177/000271626636800115, S2CID 145463917
  • Useem, John; Useem, Ruth Hill (1968), "American-Educated Indians and Americans in India: A Comparison of Two Modernizing Roles", Journal of Social Issues, 24 (4): 143–158, doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02319.x
  • Hudson, Dana Andrew (18 July 2010), "What I Did When I Couldn't Find a Job", Chronicle of Higher Education, retrieved 27 July 2010; a personal account from an unemployed American who moved to Sikkim to work as a newspaper editor

External links[edit | edit source]

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