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{{Short description|Unicameral legislature of the state of Punjab in India}}
{{Short description|Legislature of Punjab, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}  
{{for|the provincial assembly in Pakistan|Punjab Provincial Assembly}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}<!-- this section is transcluded on History of Punjab Legislative Assembly --><section begin="Infobox" />
{{Infobox legislature
{{Infobox legislature
| name              = Punjab Legislative Assembly
| name              = Punjab Legislative Assembly
| native_name        =
| native_name        = {{lang|pa|Punjab Vidhan Sabha}}
| coa_pic            = Assembly 09.jpg
| coa_pic            = [[File:Logo of the Punjab Legislative Assembly (Vector).svg|This is the Vector File of the Logo of Punjab Legislative Assembly.|150px]]
| coa_res            = 300
| coa_res            =  
| legislature         =[[Fifteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly|15th Legislative Assembly of Punjab]]  
| legislature       = [[16th Punjab Assembly]]
| session_room      = File:Palace of Assembly Chandigarh 2007.jpg|250px
| session_room      = Assembly 09.jpg
| established        = 1952
| established        = 1952
| preceded_by        = [[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
| preceded_by        = [[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
| house_type        = [[Unicameral]]
| house_type        = [[Unicameral]]
| term_length        = 5 years
| term_length        = 5 years; renewable
| leader2_type      = [[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly|Speaker]]
| leader1_type      = [[List of governors of Punjab, India|Governor]]
| leader2            = [[Rana KP Singh|Rana Kanwar Pal Singh]]
| leader1            =
| party2            = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| party1            =
|election2           = 27 March 2017
| election1          = 31 July 2024
| leader3_type      = Deputy Speaker
| leader2_type      = [[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly#Speaker|Speaker]]
| leader3            = [[Ajaib Singh Bhatti]]
| leader2            = '''[[Kultar Singh Sandhwan]]'''
| party3            = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| party2            = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election3          = 16 June 2017
| election2         = 21 March 2022
| leader4_type      = [[Leader of the House of Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of the House]] <br /> ([[List of Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)|Chief Minister]])
| leader3_type      = [[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly#Deputy Speaker|Deputy Speaker]]
| leader4            = [[Charanjit Singh Channi]]  
| leader3            = '''[[Jai Krishan Singh]]'''
| party4            = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| party3            = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election4          = 20 September 2021
| election3          = 30 June 2022
|leader5_type       = Deputy Leader of the House
| leader4_type      = [[Chief Minister of Punjab, India|Chief Minister]] <br /> (Leader of the House)
|leader5             = [[Sukhjinder Singh Randhawa]]
| leader4            = '''[[Bhagwant Mann]]'''
|party5             =[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| party4            = [[Aam Admi Party|AAP]]
| election5          = 20 September 2021
| election4          = 16 March 2022
|leader6_type       = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India|Deputy Chief Minister]]
| leader5_type       = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India#Deputy Leader of the House|Deputy Leader of the House]]<br>([[Government of Punjab, India|Cabinet Minister]])
|leader6             = [[Om Parkash Soni]] and <br>[[Sukhjinder Singh Randhawa]]
| leader5           = '''[[Harpal Singh Cheema]]'''
| party6            = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| party5             = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election6          = 20 September 2021
| election5          = 21 March 2022
| leader7_type      = [[List of Leader of Opposition in Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition]]
| leader6_type       = [[Government of Punjab, India|Minister of Legislative Affairs]]
| leader7            = [[Harpal Singh Cheema]]
| leader6           = '''[[Ravjot Singh]]'''
| party7            = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| party6            = [[Aam Admi Party|AAP]]
| election7          = 27 July 2018
| election6          = 23 September 2024
| leader8_type      = Deputy Leader of Opposition  
| leader7_type      = [[List of Leader of Opposition in Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition]]
| leader8            = [[Saravjit Kaur Manuke]]
| leader7            = '''[[Partap Singh Bajwa]]'''
| party8            = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| party7            = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| election8          = 16 March 2017
| election7          = 9 April 2022
  | structure1         = File:December Punjab Legislative Assembly.svg
| leader8_type      = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly#Deputy leader of the opposition|Deputy Leader of Opposition]]
| structure1_res    = 300px  
| leader8            = '''[[Aruna Chaudhary]]'''
| members            = '''117'''
| party8            = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| political_groups1  =  
| election8          = 3 September 2024
'''[[Government of Punjab, India|Government]] (79)'''  
| leader9_type      = Chief Whip
*{{Color box|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (79)  
| leader9          =
'''Opposition (12)'''
| party9            =             
*{{Color box|{{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}}} [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]] (12)
  | structure1       = File:India Punjab Legislative Assembly 2025.svg
'''[[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD+]] (13)'''
| structure1_res    = 300px
*{{Color box|{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}}} [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]] (13)
| members            = '''117'''
'''[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]] (7)'''
| political_groups1  = <!-- Do not make changes to Party totals without making corresponding changes under section 'Members of Legislative Assembly' -->
*{{Color box|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (5)
'''[[Government of Punjab, India|Government]] (94)'''
*{{Color box|{{party color|Punjab Lok Congress}}}} [[Punjab Lok Congress|PLC]] (1)
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}}} [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]] (94){{efn|One of the AAP MLA, Kuwar Vijay Partap Singh<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/aam-aadmi-party-suspends-kunwar-vijay-partap-singh-for-alleged-anti-party-activities/articleshow/122141866.cms|title=AAP suspended Kuwar Vijay Partap Singh for alleged anti-party activities|work=Times of India|date=29 June 2025|accessdate=10 July 2025}}</ref> is suspended by Party from his anti-party activities. Thus he is not bound by the decisions of the legislative party in assembly, however, officially he is still the member of the Aam Aadmi Party as his party affiliation is yet to be decided by the speaker.}}
*{{Color box|{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal (Sanyukt)}}}} [[Shiromani Akali Dal (Sanyukt)|SAD(S)]] (1)
'''Official Opposition (16)'''
'''Others (2)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Indian National Congress}}}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (16){{efn|Two members were suspended by congress because of their anti-party activities. These are Sandeep Jakhar<ref name="Sandeep Jakhar suspended by INC">{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/congress-mla-sandeep-jakhar-suspended-for-anti-party-activities-after-supporting-bjp-chief-uncle-statement-101692472746203.html|title=Congress suspends Abohar MLA Sandeep Jakhar for 'anti-party' activities|work=Hindustan Times|date=20 August 2023
*{{Color box|{{party color|Lok Insaaf Party}}}} [[Lok Insaaf Party|LIP]] (2)
|accessdate=20 August 2023}}</ref> and Vikramjit Chaudhary,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/congress-suspends-phillaur-mla-vikramjit-chaudhary-for-anti-party-activities-9289470/|title=Congress suspends Phillaur MLA Vikramjit Chaudhary for anti-party activities|work=Indian Express|date=25 April 2024 |accessdate=25 April 2024}}</ref> thus they are not bound by the decisions of the legislative party in assembly, however, officially they are still member of the congress as their party affiliation is yet to be decided by the speaker.}}
'''Vacant (4)'''
 
*{{colorbox|#FFFFFF}} Vacant (4)  
'''[[Parliamentary opposition|Other Opposition]] (7)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}}} [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]] (3){{efn|One of the three SAD MLAs, Sukhwinder Sukhi joined AAP on 14 August 2024.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/punjab-lawyer-sends-notice-to-banga-mla-dr-sukhwinder-sukhi-seeks-his-resignation-for-defection-from-sad-to-aap/articleshow/112642047.cms Punjab lawyer sends notice to banga mla seeks his resignation for defection from sad to aap.]</ref> As per [[Anti-defection law (India)|Anti-defection law]] his membership will be decided by Speaker of Punjab Assembly.<ref>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/punjab-speaker-seeks-sad-rebel-mla-sukhi-s-response-on-july-29-101748805716834.html Punjab speaker seeks SAD MLA Sukhi's responsem on July 29.]</ref>}}
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (2)
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}}} [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]] (1)
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Independent politician}}}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (1)
| voting_system1    = [[First-past-the-post]]
| voting_system1    = [[First-past-the-post]]
| first_election1    = [[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|26 March 1952]]
| first_election1    = [[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|26 March 1952]]
| last_election1    = [[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|4 February 2017]]
| last_election1    = [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|20 February 2022]]
| next_election1    = [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|20 February 2022]]
| next_election1    = [[Next Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2027]]
| Election_Result  = [[2022 Punjab lesislatibe Assembly election result|10 March 2022]]
| meeting_place      = [[Palace of Assembly (Chandigarh)|Palace of Assembly]], [[Chandigarh]], [[India]]
| meeting_place      = [[Palace of Assembly (Chandigarh)|Palace of Assembly]], [[Chandigarh]], [[India]]
| website            = {{URL|https://punjabassembly.gov.in/|Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
| website            = [http://punjabassembly.gov.in/ Homepage]
| constitution       = [[Constitution of India]]
| constitution       = [[Constitution of India]]}}
}}
The '''Punjab Legislative Assembly''' or the '''Punjab Vidhan Sabha''' is the unicameral [[legislature]] of the state of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] in [[India]]. At present, it consists of 117 [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|members]], directly elected from 117 single-seat constituencies.  The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The current Speaker of the Assembly is [[Rana K. P. Singh]]. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the ''Vidhan Bhavan'' in [[Chandigarh]].
<section end="Infobox" />
The '''Punjab Legislative Assembly''' or the '''Punjab Vidhan Sabha''' is the [[unicameral]] [[legislature]] of the state of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] in [[India]]. The [[Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly]] was constituted in March 2022. At present, it consists of 117 [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|members]], directly elected from [[List of constituencies of the Punjab Legislative Assembly|117 single-seat constituencies]].  The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The Speaker of the sixteenth assembly is [[Kultar Singh Sandhwan]]. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the ''Vidhan Bhavan'' in Chandigarh.


== History ==
== History ==
=== British Raj ===
{{Main|History of Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
An Executive Council was formed under [[Indian Councils Act 1861|The Indian Councils Act, 1861]]. It was only under the [[Government of India Act 1919]] that a [[Punjab Legislative Assembly (British India)|Legislative Council]] was set up in Punjab.  Later, under the [[Government of India Act 1935]], the Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937. In 1947, [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab Province]] was partitioned into [[West Punjab]] and [[East Punjab]] and the East Punjab Legislative Assembly was formed, the forerunner of the current assembly consisting of 79 members.
In the [[British Raj]], an Executive Council was formed under [[Indian Councils Act 1861|The Indian Councils Act, 1861]]. It was only under the [[Government of India Act 1919]] that a [[Punjab Legislative Assembly (British India)|Legislative Council]] was set up in Punjab.  Later, under the [[Government of India Act 1935]], the [[Punjab Provincial Assembly (British India)|Punjab Legislative Assembly]] was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937. In 1947, [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab Province]] was partitioned into [[West Punjab]] and [[East Punjab]] and the 79-member East Punjab Legislative Assembly was formed, the forerunner of the current assembly.


=== 1947 – present ===
After the [[independence of India]], on 15 July 1948, eight princely states of East Punjab grouped together to form a single state, [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]]. The Punjab State Legislature was a [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] house in April 1952, comprising the [[Vidhan Sabha]] (lower house) and [[Vidhan Parishad]] (upper house). In 1956 that state was largely merged into Punjab, the strength of the Vidhan Parishad of the new State of Punjab was enhanced from 40 seats to 46 seats and in 1957, it was increased to 51. Punjab was trifurcated in 1966 to form [[Haryana]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], and Punjab. The Vidhan Parishad was reduced to 40 seats and the Vidhan Sabha grew by 50 seats to 104 seats. On 1 January 1970, the Vidhan Parishad was abolished leaving the state with a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] legislature.<ref>{{cite web |title=Punjab Legislative Assembly |url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/States/Punjab/punjab_w.htm |website=legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in |access-date=16 January 2020}}</ref>
On 15 July 1948, eight princely states of East Punjab grouped together to form a single state, [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]]. The Punjab State Legislature was a [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] house in April 1952, comprising the [[Vidhan Sabha]] (lower house) and [[Vidhan Parishad]] (upper house). In 1956 that state was largely merged into Punjab, the strength of the Vidhan Parishad of the new State of Punjab was enhanced from 40 seats to 46 seats and in 1957, it was increased to 51. Punjab was trifurcated in 1966 to form [[Haryana]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], and Punjab. The Vidhan Parishad was reduced to 40 seats and the Vidhan Sabha was grown by 50 seats to 104 seats. On 1 January 1970, the Vidhan Parishad was abolished leaving the state with a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] legislature.<ref>{{cite web |title=Punjab Legislative Assembly |url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/States/Punjab/punjab_w.htm |website=legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in |access-date=16 January 2020}}</ref>
 
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"


==Election results==
===Pre-Independence===
'''Punjab Legislative Council'''
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
!rowspan=2|Year
 
|bgcolor=blue|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}"|
! rowspan=2|Others
!rowspan=2|Total
|-
|-
! [[Unionist Party (Punjab)|UoP]]
 
! [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
! [[Independent politician|IND]]
|-
|-
![[1920 Punjab Legislative Council election|1920]]
 
| -
| -
|71
| -
!rowspan=4| 71
|-
|-
![[1923 Punjab Legislative Council election|1923]]
 
|33
|0
|17
|21
|-
![[1926 Punjab Legislative Council election|1926]]
|31
|2
|12
|26
|-
![[1930 Punjab Legislative Council election|1930]]
|37
|0
|14
|20
|}
|}


'''Punjab Legislative Assembly'''
== Legislature ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
<section begin="Legislature"/><!-- This section is transcluded on Government of Punjab, India -->
|-
The [[legislature]] comprises the governor and the Punjab Legislative Assembly, which is the highest political organ in the state. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The current assembly consists of 117 elected members. The elected members select one of its own members as its chairperson who is called the [[Speaker (politics)|speaker]] of the assembly. The speaker is assisted by the deputy speaker who is also elected by the members. The conduct of a meeting in the house is the responsibility of the speaker.
!rowspan=2|Year
 
|bgcolor=blue|
The main function of the [[Legislative Assembly|assembly]] is to pass laws and rules. Every bill passed by the house has to be finally approved by the governor before it becomes applicable.
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
 
|bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}"|
The normal term of the legislative assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Government – Legislature|url=https://niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|publisher=Kerala Niyamasabha|access-date=17 March 2022|archive-date=8 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208011357/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><section end="Legislature"/>
|bgcolor="{{party color|All-India Muslim League}}"|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}"|
! rowspan=2|Others
!rowspan=2|Total
|-
! [[Unionist Party (Punjab)|UoP]]
! [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
! [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]]
! [[All-India Muslim League|AIML]]
! [[Independent politician|IND]]
|-
![[1937 Punjab Provincial Assembly election|1937]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''98'''
|bgcolor=crimson|18
|11
|2
|16
|30
!rowspan=2|175
|-
![[1946 Punjab Provincial Assembly election|1946]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''19'''
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''51'''
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''21'''
|bgcolor=crimson|73
|11
|0
|}


===Post-Independence===
== Sixteenth Assembly ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{{transcluded section|source=16th Punjab Assembly}}
|-
{{#section:Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly|Composition of Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
!rowspan=2|Years
== Past election results ==
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}"|
! rowspan="2" |Years
|bgcolor="{{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}"|
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|bgcolor=#FBB917|
| bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
|bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}"|
| bgcolor="{{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}" |
!rowspan=2| Others  
| bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
!rowspan=2| Total
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
! rowspan="2" |Others
! rowspan="2" |Total
! rowspan="2" |Majority
|-
|-
! [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
! [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]]
![[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]]
! [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
![[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
! [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
! [[Independent politician|IND]]
![[Independent politician|IND]]
|-
|-
![[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
![[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''96'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''96'''
|bgcolor=crimson|13
| bgcolor="chili" |13
!rowspan=14| ~
! rowspan="14" |~
!rowspan=7| ~
! rowspan="7" |~
|9
|9
|8
|8
!126
!126
!64
|-
|-
![[1957 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
![[1957 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''120'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''120'''
! ^
!^
|13
|13
|21
|21
!rowspan=2|154
! rowspan="2" |154
! rowspan="2" |78
|-
|-
![[1962 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
![[1962 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''90'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''90'''
|bgcolor=crimson|19
| bgcolor="chili" |19
|18
|18
|27
|27
|-
|-
![[1967 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
![[1967 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|bgcolor=crimson|48
| bgcolor="chili" |48
! ^
!^
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''9'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''9'''
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''47'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''47'''
!rowspan=3|104
! rowspan="3" |104
! rowspan="3" |53
|-
|-
![[1969 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
![[1969 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
|bgcolor=crimson|38
| bgcolor="chili" |38
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''43'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''43'''
|4
|4
|17
|17
|-
|-
![[1972 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
![[1972 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''66'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''66'''
|bgcolor=crimson|24
| bgcolor="chili" |24
|3
|3
|11
|11
|-
|-
![[1977 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
![[1977 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|bgcolor=crimson|17
| bgcolor="chili" |17
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''58'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''58'''
|2
|2
|40
|40
! rowspan="9" |117
! rowspan="10" |117
! rowspan="10" |59
|-
|-
![[1980 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
![[1980 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''63'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''63'''
|bgcolor=crimson|37
| bgcolor="chili" |37
|1
|1
|2
|2
Line 228: Line 182:
|-
|-
![[1985 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
![[1985 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
|bgcolor=crimson|32
| bgcolor="chili" |32
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''73'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''73'''
|6
|6
|4
|4
Line 235: Line 189:
|-
|-
![[1992 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1992]]
![[1992 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1992]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''87'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''87'''
!^
|3
|6
|6
|4
|4
|bgcolor=crimson|20
| bgcolor="chili" |20
|-
|-
![[1997 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1997]]
![[1997 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1997]]
|bgcolor=crimson|14
| bgcolor="chili" |14
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''75'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''75'''
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''18'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''18'''
|6
|6
|4
|4
|-
|-
![[2002 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2002]]
![[2002 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2002]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''62'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''62'''
|bgcolor=crimson|41
| bgcolor="chili" |41
|3
|3
|9
|9
Line 256: Line 210:
|-
|-
![[2007 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2007]]
![[2007 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2007]]
|bgcolor=crimson|44
| bgcolor="chili" |44
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''49'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''49'''
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''19'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''19'''
|5
|5
|0
|0
|-
|-
![[2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
![[2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
|bgcolor=crimson|46
| bgcolor="chili" |46
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''56'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''56'''
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''12'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''12'''
|3
|3
|0
|0
|-
|-
![[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2017]]
![[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2017]]
|bgcolor=lightgreen|'''77'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''77'''
|15
|15
|bgcolor=crimson|20
| bgcolor="chili" |20
|3
|3
|0
|0
|2
|2
|}
* '''^''' - Party didn't contest election
* '''~''' - Party didn't exist
* Green color box indicates the party/parties who formed the government
* Red color box indicates the official opposition party
==List of Assemblies==
=== Council of Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab (1897-1920) ===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="3" |Council of Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab (1897-1920)
|-
!Council<br />{{small|(Tenure)}}
!Lieutenant-Governor
<small>(President of Council)</small>
!Tenure<br />{{small|(Presiding dates)}}<ref name="parliamentarians1">The Punjab Parliamentarians 1897-2013, Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, Lahore - Pakistan, 2015</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=List of Former Governors - Pre Independence|url=https://punjabrajbhavan.gov.in/home/preIndependent|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" |1st<br />{{small|(1 November 1898 – 3 July 1909)}}
|[[William Mackworth Young]]
|1 November 1897 – 6 March 1902
|-
|[[Charles Montgomery Rivaz|Sir Charles Montgomery Rivaz]]
|6 March 1902 – 6 March 1907
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Denzil Charles Jelf Ibbetson|Sir Denzil Charles Jelf Ibbetson]]
|6 March 1907 - 26 May 1907
|-
|12 August 1907 - 22 January 1908
|-
| rowspan="5" |[[Louis Dane|Sir Louis William Dane]]
|25 May 1908 - 3 January 1910
|-
| rowspan="3" |2nd<br />{{small|(3 January 1910 – 14 December 1912)}}
|3 January 1910 - 28 April 1911
|-
|4 August 1911 - 14 December 1912
|-
|14 December 1912 - 4 January 1913
|-
| rowspan="2" |3rd<br />{{small|(4 January 1913 – 19 April 1916)}}
|4 January 1913 – 26 May 1913
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Michael Francis O'Dwyer|Sir Michael Francis O'Dwyer]]
|26 May 1913 – 12 June 1916
|-
| rowspan="2" |4th<br />{{small|(12 June 1916 – 6 April 1920)}}
|12 June 1916 – 26 May 1919
|-
|[[Edward Douglas Maclagan|Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan]]
|26 May 1919 – 6 April 1920
|}
===Punjab Legislative Council (1921-1936)===
{{Main|Punjab legislative council (British India)}}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="5" |Punjab Legislative Council (1921-1936)
|-
!Council<br />{{small|(Tenure)}}
!President
! colspan="2" |Tenure<ref name="parliamentarians1" />
![[List of governors of Punjab (British India)|Governor]]
|-
|rowspan=2|1st <br />{{small|(8 January 1921 – 27 October 1923)}}
|[[Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler]]
|8 January 1921
|21 March 1922
|rowspan=2|[[Edward Douglas Maclagan|Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan]]
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Herbert Alexander Casson]]
|10 May 1922
|27 October 1923
|-
|rowspan=3|2nd<br />{{small|(2 January 1924 – 27 October 1926)}}
|2 January 1924
|16 January 1925
|rowspan=3|[[Edward Douglas Maclagan|Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan]] and [[William Malcolm Hailey|Sir William Malcolm Hailey]]
|-
|[[Abdul Qadir (Muslim leader)|Sheikh Abdul Qadir]]
|16 January 1925
|4 September 1925
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Shahab-ud-Din Virk|Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk]]
|3 December 1925
|27 October 1926
|-
|3rd<br />{{small|(3 January 1927 – 26 July 1930)}}
|4 January 1927
|26 July 1930
|[[William Malcolm Hailey|Sir William Malcolm Hailey]] and [[Geoffrey Fitzhervey de Montmorency|Sir G. F. Montmorency]]
|-
|rowspan=2|4th<br />{{small|(24 October 1930 – 10 November 1936)}}
|25 October 1930
|24 July 1936
|rowspan=2|[[Geoffrey Fitzhervey de Montmorency|Sir G. F. Montmorency]] and [[Herbert William Emerson|Sir Herbert William Emerson]]
|-
|[[Chhotu Ram]]
|20 October 1936
|10 November 1936
|}
===Punjab Legislative Assembly===
{{Main|Punjab Provincial Assembly (British India)}}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" |Punjab Provincial Assembly (1937-1947)
|-
!rowspan=2|Assembly
!colspan=2|Tenure
! rowspan="2" |Premier
!rowspan=2 colspan=2|Party formed government
!rowspan=2|Note
|-
!First sitting
!Date of dissolution
|-
| rowspan="2" |1
| rowspan="2" |5 April 1937
| rowspan="2" |19 March 1945
|[[Sikandar Hayat Khan (Punjabi politician)|Sikandar Hayat Khan]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Unionist Party (Punjab)|Unionist Party]]
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="blue" |
|Assembly tenure extended due to [[World War II]]
|-
|[[Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana]]
|Assembly dissolved to conduct fresh and Impartial election
|-
|-
![[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| bgcolor="chili" |'''18'''
|3
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |92
|2
|2
|21 March 1946
|1
|4 July 1947
|1
|Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana
|Assembly dissolved since government resigned against [[Partition of India|Partition]]
|-
! colspan="7" |Punjab Legislative Assembly (1947- present)
|-
! rowspan="2" |Assembly
! colspan="2" |Tenure
! rowspan="2" |Chief Minister
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Party formed government
! rowspan="2" |Note
|-
!First sitting
!Date of dissolution
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Interim East Punjab Assembly|Interim]]
| rowspan="3" |1 November 1947
| rowspan="3" |20 June 1951
|[[Gopi Chand Bhargava]]
| rowspan="10" |[[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="10" bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| rowspan="3" |Interim Assembly
|-
|[[Bhim Sen Sachar]]
|-
|Gopi Chand Bhargava
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[First Punjab Legislative Assembly|1st]]
| rowspan="2" |3 May 1952
| rowspan="2" |31 March 1957
|Bhim Sen Sachar
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|[[Partap Singh Kairon]]
|-
|[[Second Punjab Legislative Assembly|2nd]]
|24 April 1957
|1 March 1962
|Partap Singh Kairon
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[Third Punjab Legislative Assembly|3rd]]
| rowspan="4" |13 March 1962
| rowspan="4" |28 February 1967
|Partap Singh Kairon
| rowspan="4" |Assembly under suspension from 5 July 1966 to 1 November 1966
|-
|Gopi Chand Bhargava
|-
|[[Ram Kishan]]
|-
|[[Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir|Gurmukh Singh Musafir]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Fourth Punjab Legislative Assembly|4th]]
| rowspan="2" |20 March 1967
| rowspan="2" |23 August 1968
|[[Gurnam Singh]]
|[[Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh]]
| bgcolor="darkorange" |
| rowspan="2" |Assembly dissolved prematurely
|-
|[[Lachhman Singh Gill]]
|[[Punjab Janta Party]]
| bgcolor="#800000" |
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Fifth Punjab Legislative Assembly|5th]]
| rowspan="2" |13 March 1969
| rowspan="2" |14 June 1971
|Gurnam Singh
| rowspan="2" |[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
| rowspan="2" |Assembly dissolved prematurely
|-
|[[Parkash Singh Badal]]
|-
|[[Sixth Punjab Legislative Assembly|6th]]
|21 March 1972
|30 April 1977
|[[Zail Singh]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|Assembly tenure extended by one month due to [[Emergency in India|Emergency]]
|-
|7
|30 June 1977
|17 February 1980
|Parkash Singh Badal
|[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
|Assembly dissolved prematurely
|-
|8
|23 June 1980
|26 June 1985
|[[Darbara Singh]]
|[[Indian National Congress (Indira)|Indian National Congress]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|Assembly suspended from 6 October 1983 and later dissolved due to Insurgency
|-
|9
|14 October 1985
|11 May 1987
|[[Surjit Singh Barnala]]
|[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
|Assembly dissolved prematurely due to Insurgency
|-
| rowspan="3" |10
| rowspan="3" |16 March 1992
| rowspan="3" |11 February 1997
|[[Beant Singh (chief minister)|Beant Singh]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Indian National Congress (Indira)|Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| rowspan="3" | -
|-
|[[Harcharan Singh Brar]]
|-
|[[Rajinder Kaur Bhattal]]
|-
|11
|3 March 1997
|26 February 2002
|Parkash Singh Badal
|[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
|
|-
|12
|21 March 2002
|27 February 2007
|[[Amarinder Singh]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|
|-
|13
|1 March 2007
|6 March 2012
|Parkash Singh Badal
| rowspan="2" |[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|14
|19 March 2012
|11 March 2017
|Parkash Singh Badal
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Fifteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly|15th]]
| rowspan="2" |24 March 2017
| rowspan="2" |present
|Amarinder Singh
| rowspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|[[Charanjit Singh Channi]]
|}
|}
* ^ - Party didn't contest election
* ~ - Party didn't exist
* - Green color box indicates the party/parties who formed the government
* - Red color box indicates the official opposition party


==Office bearers==
== List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{{transcluded section|source=History of Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
|-
{{#section:History of Punjab Legislative Assembly|List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies}}
!Office
!Holder
!Portrait
!Since
|-
!colspan=4|Constitutional Posts
|-
|[[List of governors of Punjab (India)|Governor]]
|[[Banwarilal Purohit]]
|[[File:Banwarilal Purohit.jpg|75px]]
|31 August 2021
|-
|Speaker
|[[Rana K. P. Singh|Rana Kanwal Pal Singh]]
|
|27 March 2017
|-
|Deputy speaker
|[[Ajaib Singh Bhatti]]
|
|16 June 2017
|-
|Leader of the House
<small>(Chief Minister)</small>
|[[Charanjit Singh Channi]]
|[[File:Charanjit Singh Channi.png|75px]]
|20 September 2021
|-
!colspan=4|Political posts
|-
|Leader of [[Indian National Congress|INC]] legislature party
|[[Charanjit Singh Channi]]
|[[File:Charanjit Singh Channi.png|75px]]
|20 September 2021
|-
|Leader of Opposition
<small>(Leader of [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]] legislature party)</small>
|[[Harpal Singh Cheema]]
|
|28 July 2018
|}


== Members of Legislative Assembly ==
== See also ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
* [[PEPSU]]
|-
* [[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
! No. !! Constituency !! Name !!colspan=2|Party !! Remarks
* [[Elections in Punjab, India|Elections in Punjab]]
|-
* [[List of governors of Punjab (India)]]
|1||[[Sujanpur (Punjab Legislative Assembly constituency)|Sujanpur]]||[[Dinesh Singh (Punjab politician)|Dinesh Singh]]||{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}||
* [[List of constituencies of Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
|-
* [[List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India]]
|2||[[Bhoa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhoa]]||[[Joginder Pal]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
* [[List of speakers of the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
|
* [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
|-
|3||[[Pathankot Assembly Constituency|Pathankot]]||[[Amit Vij]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|4||[[Gurudaspur Assembly Constituency|Gurdaspur]]||Barinder Singh ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|5||[[Dina Nagar Assembly Constituency|Dina Nagar]]||[[Aruna Chaudhary]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|6||[[Qadian Assembly Constituency|Qadian]]||[[Fatehjang Singh Bajwa]]||{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|Switched from INC to BJP<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-12-28|title=Two Punjab Cong MLAs jump ship, join BJP|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/amritsar/two-punjab-cong-mlas-jump-ship-join-bjp-7695302/|access-date=2021-12-28|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|7||[[Batala Assembly Constituency|Batala]]||[[Lakhbir Singh Lodhinangal|Lakhbir Singh]]||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|8||[[Sri Hargobindpur Assembly Constituency|Sri Hargobindpur]]||Balwinder Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Returned from BJP to INC<ref name=":1" />
|-
|9||[[Fatehgarh Churian Assembly Constituency|Fatehgarh Churian]]||Rajinder Singh Bajwa||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|10||[[Dera Baba Nanak Assembly Constituency|Dera Baba Nanak]]||[[Sukhjinder Singh Randhawa]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|11||[[Ajnala Assembly Constituency|Ajnala]]||[[Harpartap Singh]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|12||[[Raja Sansi Assembly Constituency|Raja Sansi]]||[[Sukhbinder Singh Sarkaria]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|13||[[Majitha Assembly Constituency|Majitha]]||[[Bikram Singh Majithia]]||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|14||[[Jandiala Assembly Constituency|Jandiala]]||Sukhwinder Singh Danny ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|15||[[Amritsar North Assembly Constituency|Amritsar North]]||[[Sunil Dutti]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|16||[[Amritsar West Assembly Constituency|Amritsar West]]||[[Raj Kumar Verka]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|17||[[Amritsar Central Assembly Constituency|Amritsar Central]]||[[Om Parkash Soni]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|18||[[Amritsar East (Vidhan Sabha Constituency)|Amritsar East]]||[[Navjot Singh Sidhu]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|19||[[Amritsar South Assembly Constituency|Amritsar South]]||[[Inderbir Singh Bolaria]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|20||[[Attari Assembly Constituency|Attari]]||Tarsem Singh ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|21||[[Tarn Taran Assembly Constituency|Tarn Taran]]||[[Dharambir Agnihotri|Dr. Dharambir Agnihotri]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|22||[[Khemkaran South Assembly Constituency|Khem Karan]]||[[Sukhpal Singh Bhullar]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|23||[[Patti Assembly Constituency|Patti]]||Harminder Singh Gill||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|24||[[Khadoor Sahib Assembly Constituency|Khadoor Sahib]]||[[Ramanjit Singh Sikki|Ramanjit Singh]] ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|25||[[Baba Bakala Assembly Constituency|Baba Bakala]]||Santokh Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|26||[[Bholath Assembly Constituency|Bholath]]|| colspan="3" |'''Vacant'''
|[[Sukhpal Singh Khaira]] resigned in June 2021<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=3 June 2021|title=After joining Congress, Khaira, 2 AAP rebels resign from Vidhan Sabha|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/after-joining-congress-khaira-2-aap-rebels-resign-from-vidhan-sabha-7343081/|access-date=10 November 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|27||[[Kapurthala Assembly Constituency|Kapurthala]]||Rana Gurjit Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|28||[[Sultanpur Lodhi Assembly Constituency|Sultanpur Lodhi]]||[[Navtej Singh Cheema]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|29||[[Phagwara Assembly Constituency|Phagwara]]||Balwinder Singh Dhaliwal ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Won in 2019 bypoll
|-
|30||[[Phillaur Assembly Constituency|Phillaur]]||[[Baldev Singh Khaira]]||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|31||[[Nakodar Assembly Constituency|Nakodar]]||Gurpratap Singh Wadala||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|32||[[Shahkot Assembly Constituency|Shahkot]]||Hardev Singh Ladi||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Won in 2018 bypoll
|-
|33||[[Kartarpur Assembly Constituency|Kartarpur]]||Chaudhary Surinder Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|34||[[Jalandhar West Assembly Constituency|Jalandhar West]]||Sushil Kumar ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|35||[[Jalandhar Central Assembly Constituency|Jalandhar Central]]||Rajinder Beri||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|36||[[Jalandhar North Assembly Constituency|Jalandhar North]]||Avtar Singh ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|37||[[Jalandhar Cantt Assembly Constituency|Jalandhar Cantt.]]||Pargat Singh Powar||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|38||[[Adampur Assembly Constituency|Adampur]]||Pawan Kumar ||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|39||[[Mukerian Assembly Constituency|Mukerian]]|| Indu Bala ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Won in 2019 bypoll
|-
|40||[[Dasuya (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dasuya]]||Arun Dogra||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|41||[[Urmar Assembly Constituency|Urmar]]||Sangat Singh Gilzian||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|42||[[Sham Chaurasi Assembly Constituency|Sham Chaurasi]]||Pawan Kumar Adia||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|43||[[Hoshiarpur Assembly Constituency|Hoshiarpur]]||Sunder Sham Arora||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|44||[[Chabbewal Assembly Constituency|Chabbewal]]|| Raj Kumar||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|45||[[Garhshankar Assembly Constituency|Garhshankar]]||Jai Krishan||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|46||[[Banga Assembly Constituency|Banga (SC)]]||Sukhwinder Kumar||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|47||[[Nawan Shahr Assembly Constituency|Nawanshahr]]||Angad Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|48||[[Balachaur Assembly Constituency|Balachaur]]||Darshan Lal||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|49||[[Ananadpur Sahib Assembly Constituency|Anandpur Sahib]]||Kanwar Pal Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|50||[[Rupnagar Assembly Constituency|Rupnagar]]||Amarjit Singh Sandoa ||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|51||[[Chamkaur Sahib Assembly Constituency|Chamkaur Sahib]]||Charanjit Singh ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|52||[[Kharar Assembly Constituency|Kharar]]||Kanwar Sandhu||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|53||[[Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar Assembly Constituency|S.A.S. Nagar]]||Balbir Singh Sidhu||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|54||[[Bassi Pathana Assembly Constituency|Bassi Pathana]]||Gurpreet Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|55||[[Fatehgarh Sahib Assembly Constituency|Fatehgarh Sahib]]||Kuljit Singh Nagra ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|56||[[Amloh Assembly Constituency|Amloh]]||Randeep Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|57||[[Khanna Assembly Constituency|Khanna]]||Gurkirat Singh Kotli||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|58||[[Samrala Assembly Constituency|Samrala]]||Amrik Singh Dhillon||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|59||[[Sahnewal Assembly Constituency|Sahnewal]]||Sharanjit Singh Dhillon||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|60||[[Ludhiana East Assembly Constituency|Ludhiana East]]||[[Sanjeev Talwar]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|61||[[Ludhiana South Assembly Constituency|Ludhiana South]]||Balvinder Singh Bains||{{Full party name with color|Lok Insaaf Party}}
|
|-
|62||[[Atam Nagar Assembly Constituency|Atam Nagar]]||[[Simarjit Singh Bains]]||{{Full party name with color|Lok Insaaf Party}}
|
|-
|63||[[Ludhiana Central Assembly Constituency|Ludhiana Central]]||Surinder Kumar Dawar||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|64||[[Ludhiana West Assembly Constituency|Ludhiana West]]||[[Bharat Bhushan Ashu]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|65||[[Ludhiana North Assembly Constituency|Ludhiana North]]||Rakesh Pandey||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|66||[[Gill Assembly Constituency|Gill]]||Kuldeep Singh Vaid ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|67||[[Payal Assembly Constituency|Payal]]||Lakhvir Singh ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|68||[[Dakha Assembly Constituency|Dakha]]||[[Manpreet Singh Ayali]]||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|Won in 2019 bypoll
|-
|69||[[Raikot Assembly Constituency|Raikot]]||[[Jagtar Singh Jagga Hissowal|Jagtar Singh]] ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Switched from AAP to INC<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=AAP MLA Hissowal shifts loyalties towards Congress in House|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2021/state-editions/aap-mla-hissowal-shifts-loyalties-towards-congress-in-house.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-21|website=The Pioneer|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|70||[[Jagraon Assembly Constituency|Jagraon]]||[[Saravjit Kaur Manuke]]||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|71||[[Nihal Singh Wala Assembly Constituency|Nihal Singhwala]] ||Manjit Singh||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|72||[[Bhagha Purana Assembly Constituency|Bhagha Purana]]||Darshan Singh Brar||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|73||[[Moga Assembly Constituency|Moga]]||Harjot Kamal ||{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|Switched from INC To BJP<ref>{{Cite web|title=Punjab Congress MLA Dropped For Sonu Sood's Sister Joins BJP|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/harjot-kamal-punjab-congress-mla-dropped-for-sonu-soods-sister-malvika-sood-seen-at-bjp-office-2709831|access-date=2022-01-15|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
|-
|74||[[Dharamkot Assembly Constituency|Dharamkot]]||Sukhjit Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|75||[[Zira Assembly Constituency|Zira]]||Kulbir Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|76||[[Firozpur City Assembly Constituency|Firozpur City]]||Parminder Singh ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|77||[[Firozpur Rural Assembly Constituency|Firozpur Rural]]||Satkar Kaur||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|78||[[Guru Har Sahai Assembly Constituency|Guru Har Sahai]]||Gurmeet Singh Sodhi||{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|Switched from INC To BJP<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-12-21|title=Punjab Elections 2022: Congress MLA Rana Gurmit Singh Sodhi joins BJP|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/elections/news-punjab-elections-2022-congress-mla-rana-gurmit-singh-sodhi-joins-bjp-poll-updates-750578|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-21|website=www.indiatvnews.com|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|79||[[Jalalabad (Punjab Assembly constituency)|Jalalabad]]||[[Raminder Singh Awla]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Won in 2019 bypoll
|-
|80||[[Fazilka Assembly Constituency|Fazilka]]||Davinder Singh Ghubaya||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|81||[[Abohar Assembly Constituency|Abohar]]||Arun Narang||{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|
|-
|82||[[Balluana Assembly Constituency|Balluana]]||Nathu Ram||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|83||[[Lambi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lambi]]||Parkash Singh Badal||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|84||[[Gidderbaha Assembly Constituency|Gidderbaha]]||[[Amrinder Singh Raja Warring]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|85||[[Malout Assembly Constituency|Malout]]||Ajaib Singh Bhatti||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|86||[[Muktsar Assembly Constituency|Muktsar]]||Kanwarjit Singh||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|87||[[Faridkot Assembly Constituency|Faridkot]]||[[Kushaldeep Singh Dhillon]]||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|88||[[Kotkapura Assembly Constituency|Kotkapura]]||Kultar Singh Sandhwan||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|89||[[Jaitu Assembly Constituency|Jaito]]|| colspan="3" |'''Vacant'''
|Baldev Singh disqualified from the assembly<ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2021|title=Punjab Assembly speaker disqualifies AAP MLA Baldev Singh|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/punjab-assembly-speaker-disqualifies-aap-mla-baldev-singh-7592148/|access-date=10 November 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|90||[[Rampura Phul Assembly Constituency|Rampura Phul]]||Gurpreet Singh Kangar||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|91||[[Bhucho Mandi Assembly Constituency|Bhucho Mandi]]||Pritam Singh ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|92||[[Bathinda Urban Assembly Constituency|Bathinda Urban]]||Manpreet Singh Badal||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|93||[[Bathinda Rural Assembly Constituency|Bathinda Rural]]
|[[Rupinder Kaur Ruby]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Switched from AAP to INC<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 November 2021|title=Day after quitting AAP, Bathinda Rural MLA Ruby joins Congress|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/day-after-quitting-aap-bathinda-rural-mla-ruby-joins-congress-101636572622060.html|access-date=11 November 2021|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|94||[[Talwandi Sabo Assembly Constituency|Talwandi Sabo]]|| Baljinder Kaur||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|95||[[Maur Assembly Constituency|Maur]]|| colspan="3" |'''Vacant'''
|[[Jagdev Singh Kamalu]] resigned in June 2021<ref name=":0" />
|-
|96||[[Mansa Assembly Constituency|Mansa]]||Nazar Singh Manshahia||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|Switched from AAP to INC<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dissident AAP MLA Nazar Singh Manshahia joins Congress in Punjab|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-dissident-aap-mla-nazar-singh-manshahia-joins-congress-in-punjab-2743156|access-date=10 November 2021|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|97||[[Sardulgarh Assembly Constituency|Sardulgarh]]||Dilraj Singh Bhunder||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|98||[[Budhalada Assembly Constituency|Budhlada]]|| Budh Ram||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|99||[[Lehra Assembly Constituency|Lehra]]||Parminder Singh Dhindsa||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal (Sanyukt)}}
|Switched from SAD to SAD(S)
|-
|100||[[Dirba Assembly Constituency|Dirba]]||Harpal Singh Cheema||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|101||[[Sunam Assembly Constituency|Sunam]]||Aman Arora||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|102||[[Bhadaur Assembly Constituency|Bhadaur]]||colspan=3|'''Vacant'''
|[[Pirmal Singh Dhaula]] resigned in June 2021<ref name=":0" />
|-
|103||[[Barnala Assembly Constituency|Barnala]]||Gurmeet Singh Hayer||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|104||[[Mehal Kalan Assembly Constituency|Mehal Kalan]]||Kulwant Singh Pandori||{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|
|-
|105||[[Malerkotla Assembly Constituency|Malerkotla]]||Razia Sultana||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|106||[[Amargarh Assembly Constituency|Amargarh]]||Surjit Singh Dhiman||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|107||[[Dhuri Assembly Constituency|Dhuri]]||Dalvir Singh Goldy||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|108||[[Sangrur Assembly Constituency|Sangrur]]||Vijay Inder Singla||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|109||[[Nabha Assembly Constituency|Nabha]]||Sadhu Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|110||[[Patiala Rural Assembly Constituency|Patiala Rural]]||Brahm Mohindra||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|111||[[Rajpura Assembly Constituency|Rajpura]]||Hardial Singh Kamboj||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|112||[[Dera Bassi Assembly Constituency|Dera Bassi]]||Narinder Kumar Sharma||{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|113||[[Ghanaur Assembly Constituency|Ghanaur]]|| Madan Lal ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|114||[[Sanour Assembly Constituency|Sanour]]||Harinder Pal Singh
|{{Full party name with color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}
|
|-
|115||[[Patiala Urban (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Patiala]]||[[Amarinder Singh]]||{{Full party name with color|Punjab Lok Congress}}
|Switched from INC to PLC<ref>{{cite news|work=[[The Hindustan Times]] |title=Captain Amarinder Singh quits Congress, floats new party Punjab Lok Congress |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/captain-amarinder-singh-quits-congress-floats-new-party-punjab-lok-congress-101635879288139.html |date=3 October 2021 |access-date=3 October 2021}}</ref>
|-
|116||[[Samana Assembly Constituency|Samana]]||Rajinder Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|-
|117||[[Shutrana Assembly Constituency|Shutrana]]||Nirmal Singh||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|
|}


==State under President's rule==
== Notes ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{{notelist}}
! colspan="6" |Punjab Provincial Assembly (1937-1947)
|-
!Assembly
!Governor's Rule
! colspan="3" |Tenure
!Reason
|-
|1
| rowspan="2" |Governor's Rule
|19 March 1945
|21 March 1946
|{{age in years and days|1945|03|19|1946|03|21}}
|To conduct fresh and Impartial election
|-
|2
|2 March 1947
|15 August 1947
|{{age in years and days|1947|03|02|1947|08|15}}
|Government resigned against the decision of [[Partition of India]]
|-
! colspan="6" |Punjab Legislative Assembly (1947-present)
|-
!Assembly
!President's Rule
! colspan="3" |Tenure
!Reason
|-
|Interim
| rowspan="8" |President's rule
|20 June 1951
|17 April 1952
|{{age in years and days|1951|06|20|1952|04|17}}
|Assembly kept in suspension to help the state government get its act together and conduct fresh elections
|-
|3
|5 July 1966
|1 November 1966
|{{age in years and days|1966|07|05|1966|11|01}}
|State administration was taken over, to facilitate bifurcation of Punjab state into, Punjab and Haryana
|-
|4
|23 August 1968
|17 February 1969
|{{age in years and days|1968|08|23|1969|02|17}}
|Break-up of coalition
|-
|5
|14 June 1971
|17 March 1972
|{{age in years and days|1971|06|14|1972|03|17}}
|Following the 1971 Lok Sabha Elections, incumbent Chief Minister advised dissolving state assembly and holding fresh elections
|-
|6
|30 April 1977
|20 June 1977
|{{age in years and days|1977|04|30|1977|06|20}}
|To conduct the fresh election after [[Emergency in India]]
|-
|7
|17 February 1980
|6 June 1980
|{{age in years and days|1980|02|17|1980|06|06}}
|Government dismissed in spite of Parkash Singh Badal enjoying majority support in Assembly
|-
|8
|6 October 1983
|29 September 1985
|{{age in years and days|1983|10|06|1985|09|29}}
|Insurgency and breakdown of law and order
|-
|9
|11 June 1987
|25 February 1992
|{{age in years and days|1987|06|11|1992|02|25}}
|Insurgency and breakdown of law and order
|}
 
== See also ==
*[[PEPSU]]
*[[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
*[[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election]]
*[[List of governors of Punjab (India)]]
*[[List of constituencies of Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
*[[List of Deputy Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)]]
*[[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
*[[List of Leader of Opposition in Punjab Legislative Assembly]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
* {{cite web |title=Record of all Punjab Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/86-punjab/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=14 March 2022}}
{{portalbar|India|Politics}}
{{Punjab Legislative Assembly|state=expanded}}
{{Legislatures of India}}
{{Legislatures of India}}
{{Current Indian assemblies}}
{{Current Indian assemblies}}

Latest revision as of 09:59, 5 February 2026


For the provincial assembly in Pakistan, see Punjab Provincial Assembly.

Punjab Legislative Assembly

Punjab Vidhan Sabha
16th Punjab Assembly
This is the Vector File of the Logo of Punjab Legislative Assembly.
Type
Type
History
Established1952
Preceded byInterim East Punjab Assembly
Leadership
Kultar Singh Sandhwan, AAP
since 21 March 2022
Jai Krishan Singh, AAP
since 30 June 2022
Chief Minister
(Leader of the House)
Bhagwant Mann, AAP
since 16 March 2022
Harpal Singh Cheema, AAP
since 21 March 2022
Ravjot Singh, AAP
since 23 September 2024
Partap Singh Bajwa, INC
since 9 April 2022
Aruna Chaudhary, INC
since 3 September 2024
Structure
Seats117
Political groups
Government (94)
  •   AAP (94)[lower-alpha 1]

Official Opposition (16)

Other Opposition (7)

Length of term
5 years; renewable
Elections
First-past-the-post
First election
26 March 1952
Last election
20 February 2022
Next election
2027
Meeting place
Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, India
Website
Punjab Legislative Assembly
Constitution
Constitution of India

The Punjab Legislative Assembly or the Punjab Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the state of Punjab in India. The Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted in March 2022. At present, it consists of 117 members, directly elected from 117 single-seat constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The Speaker of the sixteenth assembly is Kultar Singh Sandhwan. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the Vidhan Bhavan in Chandigarh.

History[edit | edit source]

Main article: History of Punjab Legislative Assembly

In the British Raj, an Executive Council was formed under The Indian Councils Act, 1861. It was only under the Government of India Act 1919 that a Legislative Council was set up in Punjab. Later, under the Government of India Act 1935, the Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937. In 1947, Punjab Province was partitioned into West Punjab and East Punjab and the 79-member East Punjab Legislative Assembly was formed, the forerunner of the current assembly.

After the independence of India, on 15 July 1948, eight princely states of East Punjab grouped together to form a single state, Patiala and East Punjab States Union. The Punjab State Legislature was a bicameral house in April 1952, comprising the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and Vidhan Parishad (upper house). In 1956 that state was largely merged into Punjab, the strength of the Vidhan Parishad of the new State of Punjab was enhanced from 40 seats to 46 seats and in 1957, it was increased to 51. Punjab was trifurcated in 1966 to form Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Punjab. The Vidhan Parishad was reduced to 40 seats and the Vidhan Sabha grew by 50 seats to 104 seats. On 1 January 1970, the Vidhan Parishad was abolished leaving the state with a unicameral legislature.[6]

Legislature[edit | edit source]

The legislature comprises the governor and the Punjab Legislative Assembly, which is the highest political organ in the state. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The current assembly consists of 117 elected members. The elected members select one of its own members as its chairperson who is called the speaker of the assembly. The speaker is assisted by the deputy speaker who is also elected by the members. The conduct of a meeting in the house is the responsibility of the speaker.

The main function of the assembly is to pass laws and rules. Every bill passed by the house has to be finally approved by the governor before it becomes applicable.

The normal term of the legislative assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting.[7]

Sixteenth Assembly[edit | edit source]

This section is transcluded from 16th Punjab Assembly. (edit | history)

Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly

Past election results[edit | edit source]

Years Others Total Majority
INC SAD AAP BJP IND
1952 96 13 ~ ~ 9 8 126 64
1957 120 ^ 13 21 154 78
1962 90 19 18 27
1967 48 ^ 9 47 104 53
1969 38 43 4 17
1972 66 24 3 11
1977 17 58 2 40 117 59
1980 63 37 1 2 14
1985 32 73 6 4 2
1992 87 3 6 4 20
1997 14 75 18 6 4
2002 62 41 3 9 2
2007 44 49 19 5 0
2012 46 56 12 3 0
2017 77 15 20 3 0 2
2022 18 3 92 2 1 1
  • ^ - Party didn't contest election
  • ~ - Party didn't exist
  • - Green color box indicates the party/parties who formed the government
  • - Red color box indicates the official opposition party

List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies[edit | edit source]

This section is transcluded from History of Punjab Legislative Assembly. (edit | history)
Punjab Provincial Assembly (1937-1947)
Assembly Tenure Leader of the House Premier Party formed government Note
First sitting Date of dissolution
1 5 April 1937 19 March 1945 Sikandar Hayat Khan Unionist Party Assembly tenure extended due to World War II
Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana Assembly dissolved to conduct fresh and Impartial election
2 21 March 1946 4 July 1947 Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana Assembly dissolved since government resigned against Partition
Punjab Legislative Assembly (1947–present)
Assembly Tenure Leader of the House Chief Minister Party formed government Note
First sitting Date of dissolution
Interim 1 November 1947 20 June 1951 Gopi Chand Bhargava Indian National Congress Interim Assembly
Bhim Sen Sachar
Gopi Chand Bhargava
1st 3 May 1952 31 March 1957 Bhim Sen Sachar
Partap Singh Kairon
2nd 24 April 1957 1 March 1962 Partap Singh Kairon
3rd 13 March 1962 28 February 1967 Partap Singh Kairon Assembly under suspension from 5 July 1966 to 1 November 1966
Partap Singh Kairon Gopi Chand Bhargava
Ram Kishan
Ram Kishan Gurmukh Singh Musafir
4th 20 March 1967 23 August 1968 Gurnam Singh Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh Assembly dissolved prematurely
Lachhman Singh Gill Punjab Janta Party
5th 13 March 1969 14 June 1971 Gurnam Singh Shiromani Akali Dal Assembly dissolved prematurely
Parkash Singh Badal
6th 21 March 1972 30 April 1977 Zail Singh Indian National Congress Assembly tenure extended by one month due to Emergency
7th 30 June 1977 17 February 1980 Parkash Singh Badal Shiromani Akali Dal Assembly dissolved prematurely
8th 23 June 1980 26 June 1985 Darbara Singh Indian National Congress Assembly suspended from 6 October 1983 and later dissolved due to Insurgency on 26 June 1985.
9th 14 October 1985 6 March 1988 Surjit Singh Barnala Shiromani Akali Dal Assembly suspended prematurely due to Insurgency on 11 June 1987 and later on dissolved on 6 March 1988.
10 16 March 1992 11 February 1997 Beant Singh Indian National Congress -
Harcharan Singh Brar
Rajinder Kaur Bhattal
11 3 March 1997 26 February 2002 Parkash Singh Badal Shiromani Akali Dal
12 21 March 2002 27 February 2007 Amarinder Singh Indian National Congress
13 1 March 2007 6 March 2012 Parkash Singh Badal Shiromani Akali Dal
14 19 March 2012 11 March 2017 Parkash Singh Badal
15 24 March 2017 11 March 2022 Amarinder Singh Indian National Congress
Charanjit Singh Channi
16 17 March 2022 Incumbent Bhagwant Mann Aam Aadmi Party

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ One of the AAP MLA, Kuwar Vijay Partap Singh[1] is suspended by Party from his anti-party activities. Thus he is not bound by the decisions of the legislative party in assembly, however, officially he is still the member of the Aam Aadmi Party as his party affiliation is yet to be decided by the speaker.
  2. ↑ Two members were suspended by congress because of their anti-party activities. These are Sandeep Jakhar[2] and Vikramjit Chaudhary,[3] thus they are not bound by the decisions of the legislative party in assembly, however, officially they are still member of the congress as their party affiliation is yet to be decided by the speaker.
  3. ↑ One of the three SAD MLAs, Sukhwinder Sukhi joined AAP on 14 August 2024.[4] As per Anti-defection law his membership will be decided by Speaker of Punjab Assembly.[5]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "AAP suspended Kuwar Vijay Partap Singh for alleged anti-party activities". Times of India. 29 June 2025. Retrieved 10 July 2025.
  2. ↑ "Congress suspends Abohar MLA Sandeep Jakhar for 'anti-party' activities". Hindustan Times. 20 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  3. ↑ "Congress suspends Phillaur MLA Vikramjit Chaudhary for anti-party activities". Indian Express. 25 April 2024. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  4. ↑ Punjab lawyer sends notice to banga mla seeks his resignation for defection from sad to aap.
  5. ↑ Punjab speaker seeks SAD MLA Sukhi's responsem on July 29.
  6. ↑ "Punjab Legislative Assembly". legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  7. ↑ "Kerala Government – Legislature". Kerala Niyamasabha. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2022.

External links[edit | edit source]

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