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{{Infobox officeholder | |||
{{Infobox | |||
| name = Padmaja Naidu | | name = Padmaja Naidu | ||
| office = | | image = | ||
| office = 4th [[Governor of West Bengal]] | |||
| term_start = 3 November 1956 | | term_start = 3 November 1956 | ||
| term_end = 1 June 1967 | | term_end = 1 June 1967 | ||
| predecessor = [[Phani Bhusan Chakravartti]] | | predecessor = [[Phani Bhusan Chakravartti]] ''(acting)'' | ||
| successor = [[Dharma Vira]] | | successor = [[Dharma Vira]] | ||
| birth_date = 17 November 1900 | | birth_date = 17 November 1900 | ||
| birth_place = [[Hyderabad]], | | birth_place = [[Hyderabad]], Hyderabad State, British India | ||
| death_date = 2 May 1975 (aged 74) | | death_date = 2 May 1975 (aged 74) | ||
| death_place = [[New Delhi]], [[ | | death_place = [[New Delhi]], India | ||
| | | parents = Mutyala Govindrajulu Naidu<br /> [[Sarojini Naidu]] | ||
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Remembering Padmaja Naidu: From freedom fighter to Governor of West Bengal | date=13 August 2017 | url=https://www.inuth.com/india/women-freedom-fighters-of-india/remembering-padmaja-naidu-from-freedom-struggle-to-governor-of-west-bengal/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Sarojini Naidu: A lyrical voice of women's empowerment and nationalism | date=13 February 2025 | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/upsc-current-affairs/upsc-essentials/sarojini-naidu-a-lyrical-voice-of-womens-empowerment-and-nationalism-9832548/ }}</ref> | |||
| occupation = Politician | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Padmaja Naidu''' (17 November 1900 – 2 May 1975) was an Indian freedom fighter and politician who was the 4th Governor of West Bengal from 3 November 1956 to 1 June 1967. She was the daughter of [[Sarojini Naidu]]. | |||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Padmaja Naidu was born in Hyderabad to a Bengali mother and a Telugu | Padmaja Naidu was born in [[Hyderabad]] to a [[Telugu language|Telugu]] [[Balija]] father and a [[Bengali Brahmin]] mother.<ref> | ||
*{{cite book|editor1-last=Roger D. Long |author2=|title=Charisma and Commitment in South Asian History: Essays Presented to Stanley Wolpert | |||
|volume= |publisher=Orient Blackswan |year=2004|page=275|isbn=9788125026419|quote=Sarojini was a Brahmin and a Bengali, while Dr Naidu was from the Balija community and a Telugu| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tUAVk84xBGUC }} | |||
*{{cite book|editor1-last=Sri G. D. Kameswara Rao |author2=|title=Sarojini Naidu The Nightingale Of India | |||
|volume=23 |publisher=Director of Information and Public Relations, Andhra Pradesh |year=1978|page=8|isbn=|quote=Kumari Sarojini chattopadhyaya at 19 years, married Dr. Govindarajulu Naidu of Hyderabad, a non brahmin who belonged to Balija community.| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lBJWAAAAYAAJ }} | |||
*{{cite book|editor1-last=Sheela Reddy |author2=|title= Mr and Mrs Jinnah: The Marriage that Shook India | |||
|volume= |publisher=Random House India |year=2017|page=77|isbn=9780143439660 |quote=Sarojini's marriage to Dr naidu did not create an uproar among either the Telugu Balija clan to which Dr Naidu belonged or among the Bengali subcaste of Kulin Brahmins to which Sarojini's family belonged.| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWslDgAAQBAJ }} | |||
*{{cite book|editor1-last= |author2=|title=The Illustrated Weekly of India | |||
|volume=92 |publisher=Published for the proprietors, Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited, at the Times of India Press |year=1971|page=12|isbn=|quote=| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_fpjlfhIf6EC }} | |||
*{{cite book|editor1-last=Padmini Sengupta |author2=|title= Sarojini Naidu: A Biography | |||
|volume= |publisher=Asia Publishing House for the |year=1966|page=34|isbn=|quote=| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IXodAAAAMAAJ }} | |||
*{{cite book|editor1-last=Mrs. Marcus B. Fuller |author2=|title=The Wrongs of Indian Womanhood | |||
|volume= |publisher=Revell |year=1900|page=220|isbn=|quote=| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kD-3AAAAIAAJ }} | |||
*{{cite book|editor1-last=G.A. Natesan |author2=|title=The Indian Review | |||
|volume=67 |publisher=G.A. Natesan & Company |year=1972|page=18|isbn=|quote= | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eUDjAAAAMAAJ }} | |||
</ref> Her mother was the poet and Indian freedom fighter, [[Sarojini Naidu]]. Her father Mutyala Govindrajulu Naidu was a physician.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.in.com/padmaja-naidu/biography-354750.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029191146/http://www.in.com/padmaja-naidu/biography-354750.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-10-29 |title=Biography }}</ref> She had four siblings, Jayasurya, Leelamani, Nilawar and Randheer.<ref name="Paranjape2012">{{cite book|author=Makarand R. Paranjape|title=Making India: Colonialism, National Culture, and the Afterlife of Indian English Authority|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-UjZlNCh-qwC&pg=PA164|date=3 September 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-007-4661-9|pages=164–167}}</ref> | |||
==Political career== | ==Political career== | ||
At the age of 21, she co-founded the [[Indian National Congress]] in the Nizam ruled [[princely state]] of [[Hyderabad state|Hyderabad]]. She was jailed for taking part in the "[[Quit India]]" movement in 1942. After Independence, she was elected to the Indian Parliament in 1950. In 1956 she was appointed the Governor of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Padmaja Naidu Dies at 75; ExWest Bengal Governor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/03/archives/padmaja-naidu-dies-at-75-exwest-bengal-governor.html |access-date=1 June 2018 |issue=May 3 |work=New York Times |date=1975}}</ref> She was also associated with the [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|Red Cross]] and was the | At the age of 21, she co-founded the [[Indian National Congress]] in the Nizam ruled [[princely state]] of [[Hyderabad state|Hyderabad]]. She was jailed for taking part in the "[[Quit India]]" movement in 1942. After Independence, she was elected to the Indian Parliament in 1950. In 1956 she was appointed the Governor of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Padmaja Naidu Dies at 75; ExWest Bengal Governor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/03/archives/padmaja-naidu-dies-at-75-exwest-bengal-governor.html |access-date=1 June 2018 |issue=May 3 |work=New York Times |date=1975}}</ref> She was also associated with the [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|Red Cross]] and was the chairperson of the [[Indian Red Cross Society|Indian Red Cross]] from 1971 to 1972.<ref>{{cite book |url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=cwB7ebB8TK8C |page=18 }} |title=Two Alone, Two Together |first=Sonia |last=Gandhi |year=2004 |page=18 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=0-14-303245-3 }}</ref> | ||
==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
Early in her life, Padmaja was a close friend of [[Rattanbai Jinnah|Ruttie Petit]] who married [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], later the founder of [[Pakistan]].<ref name="Hajari2015">{{cite book|author=Nisid Hajari|title=Midnight's Furies: The Deadly Legacy of India's Partition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bO5zCQAAQBAJ&pg=PP1|year=2015|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0-547-66921-2|pages=32–34}}</ref> | Early in her life, Padmaja was a close friend of [[Rattanbai Jinnah|Ruttie Petit]] who married [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], later the founder of [[Pakistan]].<ref name="Hajari2015">{{cite book|author=Nisid Hajari|title=Midnight's Furies: The Deadly Legacy of India's Partition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bO5zCQAAQBAJ&pg=PP1|year=2015|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0-547-66921-2|pages=32–34}}</ref> | ||
Padmaja Naidu had a close relationship with the Nehru family, including with [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and his sister, [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]].<ref name="Mehta2008">{{cite book|author=Chandralekha Mehta|title=Freedom's Child: Growing Up During Satyagraha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gm9tAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT7|date=25 August 2008|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-966-2}}</ref> Pandit later told [[Pupul Jayakar]], [[Indira Gandhi]]'s friend and biographer, that Padmaja Naidu and Nehru lived together for many years. Nehru did not marry Padmaja because he did not want to hurt his daughter, Indira.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jayakar|first1=Pupul|title=Indira Gandhi, a biography|date=1995|publisher=Penguin|location=New Delhi, India|isbn=978-0140114621|pages=90–92|edition=Rev.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gm5JGkb2rhkC&q=padmaja&pg=PR9}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Bose|first1=Mihir|title=Raj, secrets, revolution : a life of Subhas Chandra Bose|date=2004|publisher=Grice Chapman|location=Norwich|isbn=9780954572648|pages=137, 160|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Rh7DAdsK0gC&q=naidu&pg=PA137}}</ref> However, Padmaja never married | Padmaja Naidu had a close relationship with the Nehru family, including with [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and his sister, [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]].<ref name="Mehta2008">{{cite book|author=Chandralekha Mehta|title=Freedom's Child: Growing Up During Satyagraha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gm9tAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT7|date=25 August 2008|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-966-2}}</ref> Pandit later told [[Pupul Jayakar]], [[Indira Gandhi]]'s friend and biographer, that Padmaja Naidu and Nehru lived together for many years. Nehru did not marry Padmaja because he did not want to hurt his daughter, Indira.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jayakar|first1=Pupul|title=Indira Gandhi, a biography|date=1995|publisher=Penguin|location=New Delhi, India|isbn=978-0140114621|pages=90–92|edition=Rev.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gm5JGkb2rhkC&q=padmaja&pg=PR9}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Bose|first1=Mihir|title=Raj, secrets, revolution : a life of Subhas Chandra Bose|date=2004|publisher=Grice Chapman|location=Norwich|isbn=9780954572648|pages=137, 160|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Rh7DAdsK0gC&q=naidu&pg=PA137}}</ref> However, Padmaja never married Nehru in the hope that he would propose one day.<ref name="Tunzelmann2007">{{cite book|author=Alex Von Tunzelmann|title=Indian Summer: The Secret History of the End of an Empire|url=https://archive.org/details/indiansummersecr00vont|url-access=registration|date=7 August 2007|publisher=Henry Holt and Company|isbn=978-0-8050-8073-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/indiansummersecr00vont/page/95 95], 109, 308}}</ref><ref name="Hajari2015"/> | ||
After retiring, Padmaja lived until her death in 1975 in a bungalow on the [[Teen Murti Bhavan]] estate, Prime Minister Nehru's official residence and later a museum dedicated to his memory.<ref name="Paranjape2012"/> | After retiring, Padmaja lived until her death in 1975 in a bungalow on the [[Teen Murti Bhavan]] estate, Prime Minister Nehru's official residence and later a museum dedicated to his memory.<ref name="Paranjape2012"/> | ||
{{clear}} | {{clear}} | ||
==Legacy== | ==Legacy== | ||
The [[Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park]] in [[Darjeeling]] | The [[Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park]] in [[Darjeeling]] was named after her death. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 11:16, 17 August 2025
Padmaja Naidu | |
|---|---|
| 4th Governor of West Bengal | |
| In office 3 November 1956 – 1 June 1967 | |
| Preceded by | Phani Bhusan Chakravartti (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Dharma Vira |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 November 1900 Hyderabad, Hyderabad State, British India |
| Died | 2 May 1975 (aged 74) New Delhi, India |
| Political party | Indian National Congress[1][2] |
| Parent(s) | Mutyala Govindrajulu Naidu Sarojini Naidu |
| Occupation | Politician |
Padmaja Naidu (17 November 1900 – 2 May 1975) was an Indian freedom fighter and politician who was the 4th Governor of West Bengal from 3 November 1956 to 1 June 1967. She was the daughter of Sarojini Naidu.
Early life[edit | edit source]
Padmaja Naidu was born in Hyderabad to a Telugu Balija father and a Bengali Brahmin mother.[3] Her mother was the poet and Indian freedom fighter, Sarojini Naidu. Her father Mutyala Govindrajulu Naidu was a physician.[4] She had four siblings, Jayasurya, Leelamani, Nilawar and Randheer.[5]
Political career[edit | edit source]
At the age of 21, she co-founded the Indian National Congress in the Nizam ruled princely state of Hyderabad. She was jailed for taking part in the "Quit India" movement in 1942. After Independence, she was elected to the Indian Parliament in 1950. In 1956 she was appointed the Governor of West Bengal.[6] She was also associated with the Red Cross and was the chairperson of the Indian Red Cross from 1971 to 1972.[7]
Personal life[edit | edit source]
Early in her life, Padmaja was a close friend of Ruttie Petit who married Muhammad Ali Jinnah, later the founder of Pakistan.[8] Padmaja Naidu had a close relationship with the Nehru family, including with Jawaharlal Nehru and his sister, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit.[9] Pandit later told Pupul Jayakar, Indira Gandhi's friend and biographer, that Padmaja Naidu and Nehru lived together for many years. Nehru did not marry Padmaja because he did not want to hurt his daughter, Indira.[10][11] However, Padmaja never married Nehru in the hope that he would propose one day.[12][8] After retiring, Padmaja lived until her death in 1975 in a bungalow on the Teen Murti Bhavan estate, Prime Minister Nehru's official residence and later a museum dedicated to his memory.[5]
Legacy[edit | edit source]
The Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park in Darjeeling was named after her death.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Remembering Padmaja Naidu: From freedom fighter to Governor of West Bengal". 13 August 2017.
- ↑ "Sarojini Naidu: A lyrical voice of women's empowerment and nationalism". 13 February 2025.
- ↑
- Roger D. Long, ed. (2004). Charisma and Commitment in South Asian History: Essays Presented to Stanley Wolpert. Orient Blackswan. p. 275. ISBN 9788125026419.
Sarojini was a Brahmin and a Bengali, while Dr Naidu was from the Balija community and a Telugu
- Sri G. D. Kameswara Rao, ed. (1978). Sarojini Naidu The Nightingale Of India. Vol. 23. Director of Information and Public Relations, Andhra Pradesh. p. 8.
Kumari Sarojini chattopadhyaya at 19 years, married Dr. Govindarajulu Naidu of Hyderabad, a non brahmin who belonged to Balija community.
- Sheela Reddy, ed. (2017). Mr and Mrs Jinnah: The Marriage that Shook India. Random House India. p. 77. ISBN 9780143439660.
Sarojini's marriage to Dr naidu did not create an uproar among either the Telugu Balija clan to which Dr Naidu belonged or among the Bengali subcaste of Kulin Brahmins to which Sarojini's family belonged.
- The Illustrated Weekly of India. Vol. 92. Published for the proprietors, Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited, at the Times of India Press. 1971. p. 12.
- Padmini Sengupta, ed. (1966). Sarojini Naidu: A Biography. Asia Publishing House for the. p. 34.
- Mrs. Marcus B. Fuller, ed. (1900). The Wrongs of Indian Womanhood. Revell. p. 220.
- G.A. Natesan, ed. (1972). The Indian Review. Vol. 67. G.A. Natesan & Company. p. 18.
- Roger D. Long, ed. (2004). Charisma and Commitment in South Asian History: Essays Presented to Stanley Wolpert. Orient Blackswan. p. 275. ISBN 9788125026419.
- ↑ "Biography". Archived from the original on 29 October 2013.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Makarand R. Paranjape (3 September 2012). Making India: Colonialism, National Culture, and the Afterlife of Indian English Authority. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 164–167. ISBN 978-94-007-4661-9.
- ↑ "Padmaja Naidu Dies at 75; ExWest Bengal Governor". New York Times. No. May 3. 1975. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
- ↑ Gandhi, Sonia (2004). Two Alone, Two Together. Penguin Books India. p. 18. ISBN 0-14-303245-3.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Nisid Hajari (2015). Midnight's Furies: The Deadly Legacy of India's Partition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 32–34. ISBN 978-0-547-66921-2.
- ↑ Chandralekha Mehta (25 August 2008). Freedom's Child: Growing Up During Satyagraha. Penguin Books Limited. ISBN 978-81-8475-966-2.
- ↑ Jayakar, Pupul (1995). Indira Gandhi, a biography (Rev. ed.). New Delhi, India: Penguin. pp. 90–92. ISBN 978-0140114621.
- ↑ Bose, Mihir (2004). Raj, secrets, revolution : a life of Subhas Chandra Bose. Norwich: Grice Chapman. pp. 137, 160. ISBN 9780954572648.
- ↑ Alex Von Tunzelmann (7 August 2007). Indian Summer: The Secret History of the End of an Empire. Henry Holt and Company. pp. 95, 109, 308. ISBN 978-0-8050-8073-5.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- Benichou, Lucien D. (2000), From Autocracy to Integration: Political Developments in Hyderabad State, 1938-1948, Orient Blackswan, pp. 65–68, ISBN 978-81-250-1847-6
