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{{short description|Board Examination of class 12 in Indian subcontinent}} | {{short description|Board Examination of class 12 in Indian subcontinent}} | ||
{{More citations needed|date=June 2018}} | {{More citations needed|date=June 2018}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date= | |||
The '''Higher Secondary Certificate''' ('''HSC | The '''Higher Secondary Certificate''' ('''HSC''') is a public examination credential in [[Bangladesh]], [[India]], and [[Pakistan]]. HSC is equivalent to [[General Certificate of Education|GCE]] [[A Level]] in England and 3rd and 4th year of [[High school (North America)|high schools]] in the United States. | ||
==Bangladesh== | ==Bangladesh== | ||
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After 10 years of schooling at the primary and secondary level, may be year of passing students (16+) who succeed in passing the [[Secondary School Certificate]] (SSC) examination have the option of joining a college for a two-year higher secondary education in respective areas of specialization or enrolling in a technical or polytechnic institute. After the two-year higher secondary education based on the [[National Curriculum and Textbook Board|national curriculum]], one has to sit for the public examination called the Higher Secondary Certificate examination conducted by the education boards. | After 10 years of schooling at the primary and secondary level, may be year of passing students (16+) who succeed in passing the [[Secondary School Certificate]] (SSC) examination have the option of joining a college for a two-year higher secondary education in respective areas of specialization or enrolling in a technical or polytechnic institute. After the two-year higher secondary education based on the [[National Curriculum and Textbook Board|national curriculum]], one has to sit for the public examination called the Higher Secondary Certificate examination conducted by the education boards. | ||
Students of Islamic religious and English medium streams also sit for their respective public examinations, [[Alim Examination|Alim]] and [[GCE Advanced Level|A-Level]], conducted by the [[Bangladesh Madrasah Education Board]] and [[London University|London]]/[[Cambridge University]] to qualify for further education. Every year, HSC exam usually starts in | Students of Islamic religious and English medium streams also sit for their respective public examinations, [[Alim Examination|Alim]] and [[GCE Advanced Level|A-Level]], conducted by the [[Bangladesh Madrasah Education Board]] and [[London University|London]]/[[Cambridge University]] to qualify for further education. Every year, HSC exam usually starts in April in Bangladesh, and the routine gets published two months before the examination. | ||
There are nine [[List of Intermediate and Secondary Education Boards in Bangladesh|Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education]] responsible for conducting the public examinations also responsible for recognizing the private educational institutes.<ref>http://www.educationboard.gov.bd/ Education Board Bangladesh</ref> | There are nine [[List of Intermediate and Secondary Education Boards in Bangladesh|Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education]] responsible for conducting the public examinations also responsible for recognizing the private educational institutes.<ref>http://www.educationboard.gov.bd/ Education Board Bangladesh</ref> | ||
Because of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], after a lot of speculation and considerations, the concerned authority decided not to arrange a Higher Secondary Certificate or equivalent examination for the year 2020. Results from two prior exams, [[Junior School Certificate|JSC]] and [[Secondary School Certificate|SSC]], was averaged and used as the score.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/country/news/hsc-equivalent-examinations-cancelled-evaluation-be-based-jsc-ssc-1973957|title=HSC, equivalent examinations cancelled, evaluation to be based on JSC, SSC results|date=7 October 2020|website=The Daily Star}}</ref> | Because of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], after a lot of speculation and considerations, the concerned authority decided not to arrange a Higher Secondary Certificate or equivalent examination for the year 2020. Results from two prior exams, [[Junior School Certificate|JSC]] and [[Secondary School Certificate|SSC]], was averaged and used as the score.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/country/news/hsc-equivalent-examinations-cancelled-evaluation-be-based-jsc-ssc-1973957|title=HSC, equivalent examinations cancelled, evaluation to be based on JSC, SSC results|date=7 October 2020|website=The Daily Star}}</ref> | ||
==Pakistan== | ==Pakistan== | ||
The '''Higher Secondary School Certificate''' (HSSC), also known as Intermediate, is a public examination taken by the students of Higher Secondary School or [[Intermediate college]] ([[Junior college]]) in [[Pakistan]]. After finishing Matriculation in Grade 9 and 10, the students then enter an [[Junior college|intermediate college]] and complete grades 11 and 12. Upon completion of each of the two grades, they again take standardized tests in their academic subjects. They are offered by provincial boards at provincial level and by [[Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education|FBISE]] at the federal level. Upon successful completion of these examinations, students are awarded the Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC). This level of education is also called the FSc/FA/ICS. There are many streams students can choose for their 11 and 12 grades, such as pre-medical, pre-engineering, humanities (or social sciences), computer science and commerce. Each stream consists of three electives and as well as three compulsory subjects of English, Urdu, Islamiyat (grade 11 only) and Pakistan Studies (grade 12 only). | The '''Higher Secondary School Certificate''' (HSSC), also known as Intermediate, is a public examination taken by the students of Higher Secondary School or [[Intermediate college]] ([[Junior college]]) in [[Pakistan]]. After finishing Matriculation in Grade 9 and 10, the students then enter an [[Junior college|intermediate college]] and complete grades 11 and 12. Upon completion of each of the two grades, they again take standardized tests in their academic subjects. They are offered by provincial boards at provincial level and by [[Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education|FBISE]] at the federal level. Upon successful completion of these examinations, students are awarded the Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC). This level of education is also called the FSc/FA/ICS. There are many streams students can choose for their 11 and 12 grades, such as pre-medical, pre-engineering, humanities (or social sciences), computer science and commerce. Each stream consists of three electives and as well as three compulsory subjects of English, Urdu, Islamiyat (grade 11 only) and Pakistan Studies (grade 12 only).{{citation needed|date=October 2021}} | ||
==India== | ==India== | ||
In India, '''HSC'''/'''Intermediate''' is known as '''12th''' '''class (also known as +2)''' exam which is conducted at the state level by the state boards of education like (Maharashtra board, MP board, Odia board, Bihar board & many others) and at the national level by the [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE), [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations]] (CISCE), Board of Open Schooling and Skill Education, Sikkim ([[BOSSE]]) and [[National Institute of Open Schooling]] (NIOS). CBSE conducts this once a year, NIOS conducts this twice a year in public examinations with an option of on-demand examinations. On the other hand, the 10th class exam which is also conducted at state level by the state boards of education and at the national level by the Central Board of Secondary Education and in India this exam is known as SSC exam. There are total 6 subjects in HSC exam which are different for different State Board but common in case of Central Board of Secondary Education. | In India, '''HSC'''/'''Intermediate''' is known as '''12th''' '''class (also known as +2)''' exam which is conducted at the state level by the state boards of education like (Maharashtra board, MP board, West Bengal board, Odia board, Bihar board & many others) and at the national level by the [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE), [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations]] (CISCE), Board of Open Schooling and Skill Education, Sikkim ([[BOSSE]]) and [[National Institute of Open Schooling]] (NIOS). CBSE conducts this once a year, NIOS conducts this twice a year in public examinations with an option of on-demand examinations. On the other hand, the 10th class exam which is also conducted at state level by the state boards of education and at the national level by the Central Board of Secondary Education and in India this exam is known as SSC exam. There are total 6 subjects in HSC exam which are different for different State Board but common in case of Central Board of Secondary Education.{{citation needed|date=October 2021}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
* Mohsin Bashir, and Shoaib Ul-Haq, "Why madrassah education reforms don't work in Pakistan." ''Third World Quarterly'' (2019) 40#3 pp. 595–611. | * Mohsin Bashir, and Shoaib Ul-Haq, "Why madrassah education reforms don't work in Pakistan." ''Third World Quarterly'' (2019) 40#3 pp. 595–611. | ||
* Muhammad Qasim Zaman, "Religious education and the rhetoric of reform: The madrasa in British India and Pakistan." ''Comparative Studies in Society and History'' 41.2 (1999): | * Muhammad Qasim Zaman, "Religious education and the rhetoric of reform: The madrasa in British India and Pakistan." ''Comparative Studies in Society and History'' 41.2 (1999): 294–323 online. | ||
{{Education in Bangladesh}} | {{Education in Bangladesh}} | ||
Revision as of 02:35, 12 October 2021
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2018) |
The Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) is a public examination credential in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. HSC is equivalent to GCE A Level in England and 3rd and 4th year of high schools in the United States.
Bangladesh
After 10 years of schooling at the primary and secondary level, may be year of passing students (16+) who succeed in passing the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) examination have the option of joining a college for a two-year higher secondary education in respective areas of specialization or enrolling in a technical or polytechnic institute. After the two-year higher secondary education based on the national curriculum, one has to sit for the public examination called the Higher Secondary Certificate examination conducted by the education boards.
Students of Islamic religious and English medium streams also sit for their respective public examinations, Alim and A-Level, conducted by the Bangladesh Madrasah Education Board and London/Cambridge University to qualify for further education. Every year, HSC exam usually starts in April in Bangladesh, and the routine gets published two months before the examination.
There are nine Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education responsible for conducting the public examinations also responsible for recognizing the private educational institutes.[1]
Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, after a lot of speculation and considerations, the concerned authority decided not to arrange a Higher Secondary Certificate or equivalent examination for the year 2020. Results from two prior exams, JSC and SSC, was averaged and used as the score.[2]
Pakistan
The Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC), also known as Intermediate, is a public examination taken by the students of Higher Secondary School or Intermediate college (Junior college) in Pakistan. After finishing Matriculation in Grade 9 and 10, the students then enter an intermediate college and complete grades 11 and 12. Upon completion of each of the two grades, they again take standardized tests in their academic subjects. They are offered by provincial boards at provincial level and by FBISE at the federal level. Upon successful completion of these examinations, students are awarded the Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC). This level of education is also called the FSc/FA/ICS. There are many streams students can choose for their 11 and 12 grades, such as pre-medical, pre-engineering, humanities (or social sciences), computer science and commerce. Each stream consists of three electives and as well as three compulsory subjects of English, Urdu, Islamiyat (grade 11 only) and Pakistan Studies (grade 12 only).[citation needed]
India
In India, HSC/Intermediate is known as 12th class (also known as +2) exam which is conducted at the state level by the state boards of education like (Maharashtra board, MP board, West Bengal board, Odia board, Bihar board & many others) and at the national level by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), Board of Open Schooling and Skill Education, Sikkim (BOSSE) and National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS). CBSE conducts this once a year, NIOS conducts this twice a year in public examinations with an option of on-demand examinations. On the other hand, the 10th class exam which is also conducted at state level by the state boards of education and at the national level by the Central Board of Secondary Education and in India this exam is known as SSC exam. There are total 6 subjects in HSC exam which are different for different State Board but common in case of Central Board of Secondary Education.[citation needed]
References
- ↑ http://www.educationboard.gov.bd/ Education Board Bangladesh
- ↑ "HSC, equivalent examinations cancelled, evaluation to be based on JSC, SSC results". The Daily Star. 7 October 2020.
Further reading
- Mohsin Bashir, and Shoaib Ul-Haq, "Why madrassah education reforms don't work in Pakistan." Third World Quarterly (2019) 40#3 pp. 595–611.
- Muhammad Qasim Zaman, "Religious education and the rhetoric of reform: The madrasa in British India and Pakistan." Comparative Studies in Society and History 41.2 (1999): 294–323 online.
Template:Education in Bangladesh Template:Education in Pakistan
