Mumbai Metropolitan Region: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Metropolitan Area in Maharashtra, India}}
{{hatnote|Metropolitan area includes a city and its suburbs. For the city, see [[Mumbai]].}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR)
| name = Mumbai Metropolitan Region
| settlement_type       = [[Metropolitan Area]]
| settlement_type = [[Megacity]] and [[Metropolitan Area]]
| image_skyline          =
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| image_alt              =
| perrow        = 1/2/2/2
| image_caption          =
| border         = infobox
| image_map              = Mumbai Metropolition Region.jpg
| total_width    = 300
| image_map1            =
| caption_align  = center
| map_caption1          =
| image1   = ওরলির গগনরৈখিক দৃশ্য.jpg
| subdivision_type      = Country
| image2  = Navi Mumbai Skyline.jpg
| subdivision_name      = India
| image3  = Kalyan Railway Yard, Kalyan, Maharashtra, India - panoramio (2).jpg
| subdivision_type1      = State
| image4  = Mira Road Skyline.jpg
| subdivision_name1      = [[Maharashtra]]
| image5  = JivDani,Virar - panoramio (32).jpg
| seat_type              = [[Core city]]
| image6  = Eastern Express Highway by night in Thane.jpg
| seat                  = [[Mumbai]]
| image7  = View of Neral from Matheran.jpg
| parts_type            = [[List of districts of India|Districts]]
| color    =  
| parts                  = [[Mumbai City district|Mumbai City]]<br />[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]]<br />[[Thane district|Thane]] <br />[[Palghar district|Palghar]]<br />[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
| area_metro_km2         = 6,355
| population_total      =  
| population_as_of      = 2016 Census
| population_footnotes   =  
| population            = 22,885,000
| population_density_km2 = 4,764
| population_note        =  
| blank_name_sec1        =  
| blank_info_sec1        =  
| blank1_name_sec1      =  
| blank1_info_sec1      =
| coordinates_region    =
| timezone              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset            = +5.30
| blank2_name_sec1      =
| blank2_info_sec1      =  
}}
}}
'''From top, left to right:'''{{hlist|[[Mumbai]], the centre of MMR|[[Navi Mumbai]]|[[Kalyan-Dombivli]]|[[Mira-Bhayandar]]|[[Vasai-Virar]]|[[Thane]]|View from [[Matheran]]}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map = Map of Mumbai Metropolitan Region.png
| image_map1 = Mumbai, metropolitan region, satellite image, Landsat-5, 2011-01-30.jpg
| map_caption1 = Satellite image of MMR
| mapframe-geomask =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Maharashtra.svg}} [[Maharashtra]]
| seat_type = [[Core city]]
| seat = [[Mumbai]]
| parts_type = [[List of districts of India|Districts]]
| parts = [[Mumbai City district|Mumbai City]]<br />[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]]<br />[[Thane district|Thane]] <br />[[Palghar district|Palghar]]<br />[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
| government_type = [[Urban Planning]] Agency
| governing_body = [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]]
| area_metro_km2 = 6328
| population_total =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web | url=https://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/about-us/about-mmr | title=MMR Population MMRDA |website = MMRDA|date = January 18, 2025}}</ref>
| population_metro = 2,65,98000
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = '''In Broader sense:''' Mumbaikar, Mumbaiite<br><br>'''In Narrower sense:''' Thanekar, Navi Mumbaikar, Kalyankar, Bhiwandikar, Vasaikar, etc.
| population_note =
| demographics_type2 = [[GDP]]
| demographics2_footnotes =
| demographics2_title1 = Metro
| demographics2_info1 = [[USD|US$]] 277.98 billion (nominal)<ref>{{cite web|title=Global Wealth GDP Nominal Distribution: Who Are The Leaders Of The Global Economy? - Full Size|url=https://www.visualcapitalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Global-Wealth-Distribution.html|access-date=2022-03-27|website=www.visualcapitalist.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mumbai-C40 cities|url=https://www.c40.org/cities/mumbai/|access-date=2024-08-10|website=C40.org}}</ref> <br /> [[USD|US$]] 400 billion ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mumbai 17th in global GDP list, says survey |date=3 June 2017 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mumbai-17th-in-global-gdp-list-says-survey-4686508/|access-date=2023-12-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=India needs its own $1 trillion states; Is Mumbai the answer? |work=financialexpress.com |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/economy/india-needs-its-own-1-trillion-states-is-mumbai-the-answer/1540497/ |access-date=2023-12-12}}</ref>
| coordinates_region =
| timezone = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset = +5.30
| blank2_name_sec1 =
| blank2_info_sec1 =
| map_caption = Map showing the extent of MMR
| website = {{URL|https://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in}}
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PINs]]
| postal_code = 400xxx
| native_name = ''Muṁbaī Mahānagara Pradēśa''
| other_name = Greater Mumbai (MMR)
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 8
| mapframe-point = none
| mapframe-wikidata = yes
}}
'''Mumbai Metropolitan Region''' ([[ISO 15919|ISO]]: ''Muṁbaī Mahānagara Pradēśa''; abbreviated to '''MMR''' and previously also known as '''Greater Bombay Metropolitan Area'''),<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKD4uFIlQIEC&q=Greater+Bombay+Metropolitan&pg=PA81|title = The Making of Global City Regions: Johannesburg, Mumbai/Bombay, São Paulo, and Shanghai|isbn = 9780801885150|last1 = Segbers|first1 = Klaus|last2 = Raiser|first2 = Simon|author3 = Segbers|last4 = Volkmann|first4 = Krister|year = 2007| publisher=JHU Press }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3DYZwpHuqvUC&q=Greater+Bombay+Metropolitan+Area|title=Bombay, New Bombay, and Metropolitan Region: Growth Process and Planning Lessons|last1=Verma|first1=Harnam Singh|year=1985}}</ref> is a [[metropolitan area]] consisting of [[Mumbai]] and its [[Satellite city|satellite towns]] on [[Salsette Island]] and in adjacent mainland areas in the northern [[Konkan division]] of [[Maharashtra]] in [[western India]]. The region has an area of {{convert|6,328|km2}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/metropolitan-region-now-covers-palghar-vasai/articleshow/68088690.cms|title=Metropolitan region now covers Palghar, Vasai &#124; Mumbai News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=21 February 2019 }}</ref> and with a population of over 26 million it is among the [[List of metropolitan areas by population|most populous metropolitan areas]] in the world.<ref name=pib-ua2011>{{cite web|title=INDIA STATS: Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011|url=http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|work=Press Information Bureau, Mumbai|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre]] (NIC)|access-date=7 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630112755/http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|archive-date=30 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>


'''Mumbai Metropolitan Region''' (abbreviated to '''MMR''' and also '''Greater Mumbai Metropolitan Area''') is a [[metropolitan area]]  consisting of [[Mumbai]] and its satellite towns in [[Konkan division]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]. The region has an area of {{convert|6,355|km2}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/metropolitan-region-now-covers-palghar-vasai/articleshow/68088690.cms|title=Metropolitan region now covers Palghar, Vasai &#124; Mumbai News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> and with a population of over 26 million it is among the [[List of metropolitan areas by population|most populous metropolitan areas]] in the world.<ref name=pib-ua2011>{{cite web|title=INDIA STATS: Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011|url=http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|work=Press Information Bureau, Mumbai|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre]] (NIC)|access-date=7 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630112755/http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|archive-date=30 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of nine municipal corporations and eight smaller municipal councils. The entire area is overseen by the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA), a [[Government of Maharashtra|state-owned]] organisation in charge of town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region.


Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of nine municipal corporations and fifteen smaller municipal councils. The entire area is overseen by the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA), a [[Government of Maharashtra|state-owned]] organisation in charge of town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region.
The MMRDA was formed to address challenges in planning and development of integrated infrastructure for the metropolitan region.The areas outside Brihanmumbai (Greater Mumbai) and [[Navi Mumbai]] have lacked organised development. Navi Mumbai, developed as one of the largest [[planned city|planned cities]] in the world, was promoted by a state government-owned company, [[City and Industrial Development Corporation]] (CIDCO).


The MMRDA was formed to address the challenges in planning and development of integrated infrastructure for the metropolitan region. The areas outside Brihanmumbai (Greater Mumbai) and [[Navi Mumbai]] have lacked organised development. Navi Mumbai, developed as one of the largest [[planned city|planned cities]] in the world, was promoted by a state government-owned company, [[City and Industrial Development Corporation]] (CIDCO).
The region has had problems related to haphazard and illegal development as a result of rapid urbanisation. Villages along the [[National Highway 3 (India, old numbering)|NH 3]] in [[Bhiwandi]] are examples of haphazard developments in the MMR, with some of the largest warehousing areas in India. Government agencies such as the [[Urban planner|Town Planner]] and [[District collector|Collector]] of [[Thane]] have had challenges in addressing unorganised development.


The region has had problems related to haphazard and illegal development as a result of rapid urbanisation.  Villages along the [[National Highway 3 (India)|NH3]] in [[Bhiwandi]] Taluka are examples of haphazard developments in the MMR, with some of the largest warehousing areas in India. Government agencies such as the [[Urban planner|Town Planner]] and [[District collector|Collector]] of [[Thane]] have had challenges in addressing unorganised development.
== Area ==


== Municipalities ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin:auto;"
# [[Mumbai|Greater Mumbai]] (Brihanmumbai)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/about-mmr|title=Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority – About MMR|website=mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in|language=en-US|access-date=2017-02-21}}</ref>
!Municipal Bodies
# [[Ambernath-Badlapur]]
!Type
# [[Bhiwandi-Nizampur]]  
!Districts
# [[Kalyan-Dombivli]]
!Area
# [[Mira-Bhayandar]]
(km<sup>2</sup>)
# [[Navi Mumbai]]
!Population
# [[Panvel]]
(2011 Census)
# [[Thane]]
|-
# [[Ulhasnagar]]
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |[[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation|Greater Mumbai]]
# [[Vasai-Virar]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
 
|[[Mumbai City district|Mumbai City]]
== Municipal councils ==
| rowspan="2"|479
# [[Ambernath]]
| rowspan="2" |12,442,373
# [[Badlapur]]
|-
# [[Uran]] (Navi Mumbai city)
|[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]]
# [[Alibaug]]
|-
# [[Pen, India|Pen]]
|[[Bhiwandi-Nizampur City Municipal Corporation|Bhiwandi-Nizampur]]
# [[Matheran]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
# [[Karjat]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
# [[Khopoli]]
|28
# [[Palghar]]
|709,665
|-
|[[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation|Kalyan-Dombivli]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|57
|1,247,327
|-
|[[Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation|Mira-Bhayandar]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|79.4
|809,378
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation|Navi Mumbai]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
| rowspan="2" |108.63
| rowspan="2" |1,120,547
|-
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|-
|[[Panvel Municipal Corporation|Panvel]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|110
|311,434
|-
|[[Thane Municipal Corporation|Thane]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|128
|1,841,488
|-
|[[Ulhasnagar Municipal Corporation|Ulhasnagar]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|13
|506,098
|-
|[[Vasai-Virar City Municipal Corporation|Vasai-Virar]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Palghar district|Palghar]]
|311
|1,222,390
|-
|[[Ambarnath]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|38
|253,475
|-
|[[Badlapur]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|38.68
|174,226
|-
|[[Uran]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|17.78
|23,251
|-
|[[Matheran]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|5.14
|5,139
|-
|[[Karjat]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|25.54
|29,663
|-
|[[Khopoli]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|58.66
|108,648
|-
|[[Pen, India|Pen]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|30.20
|37,852
|-
|[[Alibag]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|19.49
|236,167
|}


== Districts ==
== Districts ==
Line 70: Line 194:
#[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]] (complete)
#[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]] (complete)
#[[Thane district|Thane]] (partial)
#[[Thane district|Thane]] (partial)
#[[Raigad district|Raigad]] (partial)
#[[Palghar district|Palghar]] (partial)
#[[Palghar district|Palghar]] (partial)
#[[Raigad district|Raigad]] (partial)
 
== Transport ==
=== Railway ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
!No.
!Line Name
! colspan="2" |Terminals
!Stations
!Distance (km)
|-
!1
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Western line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Western Line]]
|{{rws|Churchgate}}
|{{rws|Dahanu Road}}
| style="text-align:center;" |39
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|124|km|}}
|-
! rowspan="2" |2
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |[[Central line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Central Line]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus]]
|{{rws|Kasara}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |62
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|181|km|}}
|-
|{{rws|Khopoli}}
|-
! rowspan="2" |3
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |[[Harbour line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Harbour Line]]
|{{rws|Panvel}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |35
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|74|km|}}
|-
|{{rws|Goregaon}}
|-
! rowspan="2" |4
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |[[Trans-Harbour line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Trans-Harbour Line]]
| rowspan="2" |{{rws|Thane}}
|{{rws|Vashi}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |17
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|38|km|}}
|-
|{{rws|Panvel}}
|-
! rowspan="2" |5
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |[[Port line (Mumbai Suburban Railway)|Port Line]]
|{{rws|Nerul}}
| rowspan="2" |{{rws|Uran}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |10
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|27|km|}}
|-
|{{rws|CBD Belapur}}
|-
!6
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Vasai Road–Roha line|Vasai Road–Roha Line]]
|{{rws|Vasai Road}}
|{{rws|Roha}}
| style="text-align:center;" |23
| style="text-align:center;" {{N/A}}
|-
!7
| style="text-align:center;" |[[Panvel-Karjat Railway Corridor]]
|{{rws|Panvel}}
|{{rws|Karjat}}
| style="text-align:center;" |5
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|30|km|}}
|}
 
=== Metro ===
Mumbai Metropolitan Region has 3 metro systems covering the region. 2 systems are operational which are [[Mumbai Metro]] and [[Navi Mumbai Metro]], while the [[Thane Metro]] system has been recently approved. While Navi Mumbai Metro and Thane Metro are primarily in their respective cities, Mumbai Metro however is spread across all municipal corporations.
 
Mumbai Metro has an operational length of {{Cvt|80.43|km|}} while Navi Mumbai Metro has an operational length of {{Cvt|11.10|km|}}. In contrast, Mumbai Metro has various new lines and extensions under construction totalling to {{Cvt|132.45|km|}} meanwhile Thane Metro has a proposed length of {{Cvt|29|km|}}.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="7" style="background:#ADD8E6;" |Mumbai
|-
!No.
!Line Name
! colspan="2" |Terminals
!Stations
!Distance (km)
!Opening Date
|-
!1
| style="background:#{{rail color|Mumbai Metro|blue}};text-align: center;" |[[Blue Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Blue'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Versova}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Ghatkopar}}
| style="text-align:center;" |12
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|11.40|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
! rowspan="2" |2
| rowspan="2" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|yellow}}; text-align: center;" |[[Yellow Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:black;">'''Yellow'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Dahisar East}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Andheri West}}
| style="text-align:center;" |17
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|18.6|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Andheri West}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Mandala}}
| style="text-align:center;" |20
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|23.6|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Under Construction
|-
! rowspan="1" |3
| rowspan="1" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|aqua}}; text-align: center;" |[[Aqua Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Aqua'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Aarey JVLR}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Cuffe Parade}}
| style="text-align:center;" |27
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|33.53|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
! rowspan="3" |4
| rowspan="3" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|green}}; text-align: center;" |[[Green Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Green'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Gaimukh}}
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Bhakti Park (Wadala)}}
| style="text-align: center;" |36
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|32.32|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Shivaji Chowk (Mira Road)}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Gaimukh}}
| style="text-align:center;" |4
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|9.37|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Proposed
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Bhakti Park (Wadala)}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus}}
|10
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|12.68|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Proposed
|-
! rowspan="3" |5
| rowspan="3" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|orange}}; text-align: center;" |[[Orange Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Orange'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Kapurbawdi}}
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Bhiwandi}}
| style="text-align: center;" |8
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|12.81|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Bhiwandi}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Kalyan APMC}}
|9
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|11.48|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Proposed
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Kalyan APMC}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Taloja}}
|17
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|20.75|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
!6
| style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|pink}}; text-align: center;" |[[Pink Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Pink'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Swami Samarth Nagar (Lokhandwala)}}
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Vikhroli EEH}}
| style="text-align: center;" |13
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|14.47|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
! rowspan="3" |7
| rowspan="3" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|red}}; text-align: center;" |[[Red Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Red'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Dahisar East}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Gundavali}}
| style="text-align:center;" |14
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|16.5|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Gundavali}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport - T2}}
| style="text-align:center;" |2
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|3.17|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Proposed
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Dahisar East}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Subhash Chandra Bose Stadium}}
|8
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|11.38|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:#ADD8E6;" |Navi Mumbai
|-
!8
| align="center" class="wikitable" style="background:#4285F4" | <span style="color:White;">[[Line 1 (Navi Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Line 1'''</span>]]</span>
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|CBD Belapur}}
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Pendhar}}
| style="text-align: center;" |11
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|11.10|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Operational
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:#ADD8E6;" |Thane
|-
!9
| align="center" class="wikitable" style="background:#8C4E2C" | <span style="color:White;">[[Thane Metro|<span style="color:white;">'''Integral Ring'''</span>]]</span>
| style="text-align: center;" |Thane Junction
| style="text-align: center;" |Shivaji Chowk
| style="text-align: center;" |22
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|29|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" | Under Construction
|}
 
=== Air ===
The region has two airports, one located in [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation|Greater Mumbai]] called [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport]] and the other, [[Navi Mumbai International Airport]] is located in Navi Mumbai. There is also one aerodrome known as the Juhu Aerodrome, which is only used for general aviation.
 
=== Bus ===
* [[Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport|BEST]] ([[Mumbai]])
* [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Transport|KDMT]] ([[Kalyan-Dombivli]])
* [[Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Transport|MBMT]] ([[Mira-Bhayandar]])
* [[Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport|NMMT]] ([[Navi Mumbai]])
* [[Thane Municipal Transport|TMT]] ([[Thane]])
* [[Vasai-Virar Municipal Transport|VVMT]] ([[Vasai-Virar]])


==See also==
==See also==
* [[National Capital Region (India)]]
* [[Chennai metropolitan area]]
* [[Chennai metropolitan area]]
* [[Kolkata metropolitan area]]
* [[Kolkata metropolitan region]]
* [[List of metropolitan areas in India]]
* [[List of metropolitan areas in India]]
* [[National Capital Region (India)]]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 02:54, 11 March 2026


Metropolitan area includes a city and its suburbs. For the city, see Mumbai.
Mumbai Metropolitan Region
Muṁbaī Mahānagara Pradēśa
Greater Mumbai (MMR)
Megacity and Metropolitan Area
From top, left to right:
Map showing the extent of MMR
Map showing the extent of MMR
Satellite image of MMR
Satellite image of MMR
Country India
State Maharashtra
Core cityMumbai
DistrictsMumbai City
Mumbai Suburban
Thane
Palghar
Raigad
Government
 • TypeUrban Planning Agency
 • BodyMumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority
Area
 • Metro
6,328 km2 (2,443 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Metro
26,598,000
 • Metro density4,200/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)In Broader sense: Mumbaikar, Mumbaiite

In Narrower sense: Thanekar, Navi Mumbaikar, Kalyankar, Bhiwandikar, Vasaikar, etc.
GDP
 • MetroUS$ 277.98 billion (nominal)[2][3]
US$ 400 billion (PPP)[4][5]
Time zoneUTC+5.30 (IST)
PINs
400xxx
Websitemmrda.maharashtra.gov.in

Mumbai Metropolitan Region (ISO: Muṁbaī Mahānagara Pradēśa; abbreviated to MMR and previously also known as Greater Bombay Metropolitan Area),[6][7] is a metropolitan area consisting of Mumbai and its satellite towns on Salsette Island and in adjacent mainland areas in the northern Konkan division of Maharashtra in western India. The region has an area of 6,328 square kilometres (2,443 sq mi)[8] and with a population of over 26 million it is among the most populous metropolitan areas in the world.[9]

Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of nine municipal corporations and eight smaller municipal councils. The entire area is overseen by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), a state-owned organisation in charge of town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region.

The MMRDA was formed to address challenges in planning and development of integrated infrastructure for the metropolitan region.The areas outside Brihanmumbai (Greater Mumbai) and Navi Mumbai have lacked organised development. Navi Mumbai, developed as one of the largest planned cities in the world, was promoted by a state government-owned company, City and Industrial Development Corporation (CIDCO).

The region has had problems related to haphazard and illegal development as a result of rapid urbanisation. Villages along the NH 3 in Bhiwandi are examples of haphazard developments in the MMR, with some of the largest warehousing areas in India. Government agencies such as the Town Planner and Collector of Thane have had challenges in addressing unorganised development.

Area[edit | edit source]

Municipal Bodies Type Districts Area

(km2)

Population

(2011 Census)

Greater Mumbai Corporation Mumbai City 479 12,442,373
Mumbai Suburban
Bhiwandi-Nizampur Corporation Thane 28 709,665
Kalyan-Dombivli Corporation Thane 57 1,247,327
Mira-Bhayandar Corporation Thane 79.4 809,378
Navi Mumbai Corporation Thane 108.63 1,120,547
Raigad
Panvel Corporation Raigad 110 311,434
Thane Corporation Thane 128 1,841,488
Ulhasnagar Corporation Thane 13 506,098
Vasai-Virar Corporation Palghar 311 1,222,390
Ambarnath Council Thane 38 253,475
Badlapur Council Thane 38.68 174,226
Uran Council Raigad 17.78 23,251
Matheran Council Raigad 5.14 5,139
Karjat Council Raigad 25.54 29,663
Khopoli Council Raigad 58.66 108,648
Pen Council Raigad 30.20 37,852
Alibag Council Raigad 19.49 236,167

Districts[edit | edit source]

  1. Mumbai City (complete)[10]
  2. Mumbai Suburban (complete)
  3. Thane (partial)
  4. Raigad (partial)
  5. Palghar (partial)

Transport[edit | edit source]

Railway[edit | edit source]

No. Line Name Terminals Stations Distance (km)
1 Western Line Churchgate Dahanu Road 39 124 km (77 mi)
2 Central Line Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Kasara 62 181 km (112 mi)
Khopoli
3 Harbour Line Panvel 35 74 km (46 mi)
Goregaon
4 Trans-Harbour Line Thane Vashi 17 38 km (24 mi)
Panvel
5 Port Line Nerul Uran 10 27 km (17 mi)
CBD Belapur
6 Vasai Road–Roha Line Vasai Road Roha 23 N/A
7 Panvel-Karjat Railway Corridor Panvel Karjat 5 30 km (19 mi)

Metro[edit | edit source]

Mumbai Metropolitan Region has 3 metro systems covering the region. 2 systems are operational which are Mumbai Metro and Navi Mumbai Metro, while the Thane Metro system has been recently approved. While Navi Mumbai Metro and Thane Metro are primarily in their respective cities, Mumbai Metro however is spread across all municipal corporations.

Mumbai Metro has an operational length of 80.43 km (49.98 mi) while Navi Mumbai Metro has an operational length of 11.10 km (6.90 mi). In contrast, Mumbai Metro has various new lines and extensions under construction totalling to 132.45 km (82.30 mi) meanwhile Thane Metro has a proposed length of 29 km (18 mi).

Mumbai
No. Line Name Terminals Stations Distance (km) Opening Date
1 style="background:#Template:Rail color;text-align: center;" |Blue Template:Stl Template:Stl 12 11.40 km (7.08 mi) Operational
2 rowspan="2" style="background:#Template:Rcr; text-align: center;" |Yellow Template:Stl Template:Stl 17 18.6 km (11.6 mi) Operational
Template:Stl Template:Stl 20 23.6 km (14.7 mi) Under Construction
3 rowspan="1" style="background:#Template:Rcr; text-align: center;" |Aqua Template:Stl Template:Stl 27 33.53 km (20.83 mi) Operational
4 rowspan="3" style="background:#Template:Rcr; text-align: center;" |Green Template:Stl Template:Stl 36 32.32 km (20.08 mi) Under Construction
Template:Stl Template:Stl 4 9.37 km (5.82 mi) Proposed
Template:Stl Template:Stl 10 12.68 km (7.88 mi) Proposed
5 rowspan="3" style="background:#Template:Rcr; text-align: center;" |Orange Template:Stl Template:Stl 8 12.81 km (7.96 mi) Under Construction
Template:Stl Template:Stl 9 11.48 km (7.13 mi) Proposed
Template:Stl Template:Stl 17 20.75 km (12.89 mi) Under Construction
6 style="background:#Template:Rcr; text-align: center;" |Pink Template:Stl Template:Stl 13 14.47 km (8.99 mi) Under Construction
7 rowspan="3" style="background:#Template:Rcr; text-align: center;" |Red Template:Stl Template:Stl 14 16.5 km (10.3 mi) Operational
Template:Stl Template:Stl 2 3.17 km (1.97 mi) Proposed
Template:Stl Template:Stl 8 11.38 km (7.07 mi) Under Construction
Navi Mumbai
8 Line 1 Template:Stl Template:Stl 11 11.10 km (6.90 mi) Operational
Thane
9 Integral Ring Thane Junction Shivaji Chowk 22 29 km (18 mi) Under Construction

Air[edit | edit source]

The region has two airports, one located in Greater Mumbai called Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport and the other, Navi Mumbai International Airport is located in Navi Mumbai. There is also one aerodrome known as the Juhu Aerodrome, which is only used for general aviation.

Bus[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "MMR Population MMRDA". MMRDA. 18 January 2025.
  2. ↑ "Global Wealth GDP Nominal Distribution: Who Are The Leaders Of The Global Economy? - Full Size". www.visualcapitalist.com. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  3. ↑ "Mumbai-C40 cities". C40.org. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  4. ↑ "Mumbai 17th in global GDP list, says survey". 3 June 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  5. ↑ "India needs its own $1 trillion states; Is Mumbai the answer?". financialexpress.com. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  6. ↑ Segbers, Klaus; Raiser, Simon; Segbers; Volkmann, Krister (2007). The Making of Global City Regions: Johannesburg, Mumbai/Bombay, São Paulo, and Shanghai. JHU Press. ISBN 9780801885150.
  7. ↑ Verma, Harnam Singh (1985). "Bombay, New Bombay, and Metropolitan Region: Growth Process and Planning Lessons".
  8. ↑ "Metropolitan region now covers Palghar, Vasai | Mumbai News - Times of India". The Times of India. 21 February 2019.
  9. ↑ "INDIA STATS: Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011". Press Information Bureau, Mumbai. National Informatics Centre (NIC). Archived from the original on 30 June 2015. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  10. ↑ "Mumbai metropolitan area" (in italiano). Projectsecoa.eu. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2013.

External links[edit | edit source]

Template:World's most populous urban areas


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