Kanke block: Difference between revisions

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| nickname                =  
| settlement_type        = Community development block
| settlement_type        = Community development block
| image_skyline          =  
| image_skyline          = File:Kanke Reservoir.jpg
| image_alt              =  
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| image_caption          =  
| image_caption          = Kanke Reservoir
| pushpin_map            = India Jharkhand#India3
| pushpin_map            = India Jharkhand#India3
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| area_code_type          = Telephone/STD code
| area_code_type          = Telephone/STD code
| area_code              = 0651
| area_code              = 0651
| registration_plate      =
| registration_plate      = JH 1
| blank1_name_sec1        = Literacy
| blank1_name_sec1        = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1        = 73.75%
| blank1_info_sec1        = 73.75%
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'''Kanke block''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of [[Ranchi district]], [[Jharkhand]], India.
'''Kanke block''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] in the [[Ranchi Sadar subdivision]] of [[Ranchi district]], [[Jharkhand]], India.
 
==Maoist activities, dissent==
Jharkhand is one of the states affected by [[Naxalite|Maoist]] activities. {{As of|2012}}, Ranchi district was among the highly affected districts in the state.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/Assessment/2013/Jharkhand.htm  |title = Jharkhand Assessment 2013 | publisher= Satp | access-date = 4 September 2021}}</ref> “Areas of Tamar, Bundu, Sonahatu, Angarha, Sikidari Police Stations and Rahe O.P. have been widely affected by activities of CPI (Maoist) group till the end of year 2009. At the end of year 2010, The activities of CPI (Maoist) group has been minimized up to almost zero level.”<ref>{{cite web | url = https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi  | title = District Police Profile Ranchi | work = Crime Trends – Specially Organised Crime Rural Area | publisher = Jharkhand Police  | accessdate =  4 September 2021}}</ref>
 
According to the Jharkhand Police spokesperson and Inspector General (IG) Saket Singh, as reported on December 8, 2020, “The activities of CPI-Maoist are now confined to small pockets in the state because of our efforts.” Civilian fatalities, a key index of security in a region, declined from 20 in 2019, to 8 in 2020, the lowest in this category since 2000, when there were 13 such fatalities. The 28 total fatalities recorded in 2020 are also the lowest overall fatalities recorded in the state in a year since 2000, when they stood at 36.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.indiablooms.com/news-details/O/68556/jharkhand-dying-embers.html | title= Jharkhand: Dying Embers  |publisher= India Blooms| access-date = 4 September 2021}}</ref>
 
Ranchi being the capital city of the state has always been under minute scrutiny of all.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi | title = District Police Profile - Ranchi | work = SP’s message and vision | publisher = Jharkhand Police  | access-date =  4 September 2021}}</ref>The arrest, from his home in Ranchi on October 9, 2020, by the [[National Investigation Agency|NIA]], of 83-years old [[Stan Swami|Rev. Fr. Stan Swamy, S.J.]], [[Jesuit]] priest and activist, working with tribals for decades, and his subsequent death in custody, in a Mumbai hospital, on 5 July 2021, has been widely discussed.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nia-court-to-pass-order-on-stan-swamy-bail-on-march-22/article34084504.ece|title=NIA court to pass order on Stan Swamy bail on March 22|newspaper=The Hindu|date=16 March 2021|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Regi |first1=Anjali |title=Fr. Stan Swamy arrested: Widespread protest |url=https://www.catholicfocus.in/fr-stan-swamy-arrested-widespread-protest/ |website=Catholic Focus |date=9 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/father-stan-swamy-accused-in-elgar-parishad-case-passes-away-3927641.html | title=Elgar Parishad Case: Activist Stan Swamy, 84, Passes Away Ahead of Hearing on Bail Plea | publisher=News18 | date=5 July 2021 | access-date=5 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://indianexpress.com/article/india/stan-swamy-arrest-father-nia-6718311/  | title = ‘Distressed, troubled’: Ranchi Catholic Church issues statement on Stan Swamy’s arrest, demands his release  | publisher =  The Indian Express, 9 October 2020 | access-date = 4 September  2021}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
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Kanke CD block is bounded by the [[Patratu (community development block)|Patratu]] CD block of Ramgarh district on the north, [[Ormanjhi block|Ormanjhi]] and [[Angara block|Angara]] CD blocks on the east, [[Namkum]] and [[Nagri block|Nagri]] CD blocks on the south, and [[Ratu block|Ratu]] and [[Burmu block|Burmu]] CD blocks on the west.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/ranchi.html | title = Ranchi CD block/ Tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/ramgarh.html | title = Ramgarh CD block/tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref>
Kanke CD block is bounded by the [[Patratu (community development block)|Patratu]] CD block of Ramgarh district on the north, [[Ormanjhi block|Ormanjhi]] and [[Angara block|Angara]] CD blocks on the east, [[Namkum]] and [[Nagri block|Nagri]] CD blocks on the south, and [[Ratu block|Ratu]] and [[Burmu block|Burmu]] CD blocks on the west.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/ranchi.html | title = Ranchi CD block/ Tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/ramgarh.html | title = Ramgarh CD block/tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref>


Kanke CD block has an area of 347.11&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 28: District primary census abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>[[Kanke#Police station|Kanke]] police station serves Kanke CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url =  https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi| title= District Police Profile - Ranchi |publisher= Jharkhand Police| access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> The headquarters of Kanke CD block is located at [[Kanke]] town.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Map of Ranchi district on the third page |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>
Kanke CD block has an area of 347.11&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 28: District primary census abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>[[Kanke#Police station|Kanke]] and [[Pithuriya#Police station|Pithoria]] police stations serve Kanke CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url =  https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi| title = District Police Profile - Ranchi| publisher = Jharkhand Police| access-date = 28 August 2021| archive-date =  8 September 2021| archive-url =  https://web.archive.org/web/20210908124539/https://www.jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi| url-status =  dead}}</ref> The headquarters of Kanke CD block is located at [[Kanke]] town.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Map of Ranchi district on the third page |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
===Population===
===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Kanke CD block had a total population of 244,072, of which 216,930 were rural and 27,142 were urban. There were 125,932 (52%) males and 118,140 (48%) females. Population in the age range 0-6 years was 36,181. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 9,364 (3.84%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 8,1280(33.30%).<ref name=census2011/>
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Kanke CD block had a total population of 244,072, of which 216,930 were rural and 27,142 were urban. There were 125,932 (52%) males and 118,140 (48%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 36,181. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 9,364 (3.84%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 8,1280 (33.30%).<ref name=census2011/>


The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks. <ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Page 56, Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in the total the total population of Ranchi district numbering 2,914,253 in 2011, was 35.76%. The [[Kurukh people|Oraons]] forming 18.20% of the population and the [[Munda people|Mundas]] forming 10.30% of the population, were the main tribes. Other tribes included (percentage of population in brackets) Lohra (2.46), Bedia (1.32) and [[Mahli tribe|Mahli]] (1.09).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Pages 39-40: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Cenus 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>
The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Page 56, Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in the total population of Ranchi district numbering 2,914,253 in 2011, was 35.76%. The [[Kurukh people|Oraons]] forming 18.20% of the population and the [[Munda people|Mundas]] forming 10.30% of the population, were the main tribes. Other tribes included (percentage of population in brackets) Lohra (2.46), Bedia (1.32) and [[Mahli tribe|Mahli]] (1.09).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Pages 39-40: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Cenus 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>


[[Census towns]] in Kanke CD block are as follows (2011 population figure in brackets): [[Kanke]] (17,560]] and Arsande (9,582).<ref name=census2011/>
[[Census towns]] in Kanke CD block are as follows (2011 population figure in brackets): [[Kanke]] (17,560) and [[Arsande]] (9,582).<ref name=census2011/>
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Kanke CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Pithuriya (6,550), Katamkuli (5,903), Ichapiri (4,241), Neuri (6,907), Simliya (6,523), Kamre (6,114), Sukurhuttu (11, 862), Hosir (6,242), Mesra (9,476), Dumardaga (7,100) and Boreya (4,151).<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District  Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B | work = Page 142,147 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref>
 
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Kanke CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Pithuriya]] (6,550), Katamkuli (5,903), Ichapiri (4,241), Neuri (6,907), Simliya (6,523), Kamre (6,114), Sukurhuttu (11, 862), Hosir (6,242), [[Mesra, Ranchi|Mesra]] (9,476), Dumardaga (7,100) and Boreya (4,151).<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District  Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B | work = Page 142,147 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand  | accessdate =  28 August 2021}}</ref>


===Literacy===
===Literacy===
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===Language and religion===
===Language and religion===
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, [[Nagpuria language|Nagpuria]] was the mother-tongue of 608,856 persons forming 20.89% of the population of Ranchi district, followed by [[Hindi]] 528,989 persons (18.15%), [[Mundari language|Mundari]] 432,541 persons (14.84%) and other languages (with no details) 1,343,867 persons (46.11%).<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census|work = page 39: Mother tongue of earlier census| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Kanke CD block (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=Table C-01 Population By Religion - Jharkhand|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11377/download/14490/DDW20C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|61.21}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|17.68}}
{{bar percent|Others*|maroon|12.59}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Jharkhand|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|7.58}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.94}}
|caption=<small>*mainly tribal religions like [[Sarnaism|Sarna]]</small>
}}


[[Hindi]] is the official language in Jharkhand and [[Urdu]] has been declared as an additional official language.<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |pages= 35 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date=28 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date= 8 July 2016 }}</ref>
[[Hindi]] is the official language in Jharkhand and [[Urdu]] has been declared as an additional official language.<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |pages= 35 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date=28 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date= 8 July 2016 }}</ref> [[Sadri language|Sadri]] is the predominant local language.


According to the ''District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011 census,'' [[Hindus]] numbered 1,612,239 and formed 55.32% of the population of Ranchi district, followed by [[Muslims]] 410,759 (14.09%), [[Christians]] 193,974 (6.66%), other religions 685,936 (23.54), religion not stated 11,345 (0.39%).<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census|work = page 39: Religion data of Ranchi district during census 2011| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages in Kanke CD block (2011)<ref name="language">{{Cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10207/download/13319/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX|title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Jharkhand|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]] |value1 = 50.19 |color1 = orange
|label2 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value2 = 18.56 |color2 = burlywood
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 12.48 |color3 = green
|label4 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value4 = 3.90 |color4 = gold
|label5 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value5 = 2.99 |color5 = orchid
|label6 = [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] |value6 = 2.65 |color6 = mediumseagreen
|label7 = [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |value7 = 2.12 |color7 = teal
|label8 = [[Magahi language|Magahi]] |value8 = 1.98 |color8 = coral
|label9 = [[Maithili language|Maithili]] |value9 = 1.35 |color9 = moccasin
|label10 = Others |value10 = 3.78 |color10 = grey
}}


==Rural poverty==
==Rural poverty==
60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] category in 2004–2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/1/MPRA_paper_45258.pdf  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India| work = Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand | publisher =  Munich Personal RePEc Archive | access-date =  1 September 2021}}</ref>In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.livemint.com/Specials/bqVly6xj4usB3DiTibS3DK/Spatial-poverty-in-Jharkhand.html | title = Spatial poverty in Jharkhand  | publisher = Mint  | accessdate =  1 September 2021}}</ref>According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line. More than 75% of the work force is engaged in agriculture, although only 23% of the area is under cultivation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/#:~:text=The%20incidence%20of%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20is%20estimated,are%20main%20causes%20for%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20state.  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India: An Empirical Study based on Panel Data  | publisher = MPRA  | accessdate =  1 September 2021}}</ref>
60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] category in 2004–2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/1/MPRA_paper_45258.pdf  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India| work = Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand | publisher =  Munich Personal RePEc Archive | access-date =  1 September 2021}}</ref> In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.livemint.com/Specials/bqVly6xj4usB3DiTibS3DK/Spatial-poverty-in-Jharkhand.html | title = Spatial poverty in Jharkhand  | publisher = Mint  | accessdate =  1 September 2021}}</ref> According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), "the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line."<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/#:~:text=The%20incidence%20of%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20is%20estimated,are%20main%20causes%20for%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20state.  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India: An Empirical Study based on Panel Data  | publisher = MPRA  | accessdate =  1 September 2021}}</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==
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In Kanke CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 24,757 and formed 5.88%, agricultural labourers numbered 29,267 and formed 6.96%, household industry workers numbered 14,934 and formed 3.55% and other workers numbered 351,732 and formed 83.61%. Total workers numbered 420,690 and formed 31.93% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 896,809 and formed 68.07% of the population.<ref>{{cite web  | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook 2011 Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work =  Tables 30 and 33, pages 67 and 71 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref>
In Kanke CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 24,757 and formed 5.88%, agricultural labourers numbered 29,267 and formed 6.96%, household industry workers numbered 14,934 and formed 3.55% and other workers numbered 351,732 and formed 83.61%. Total workers numbered 420,690 and formed 31.93% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 896,809 and formed 68.07% of the population.<ref>{{cite web  | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook 2011 Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work =  Tables 30 and 33, pages 67 and 71 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref>
<small>Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers.  It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title= District Census Handbook 2011 Ranchi, Series 21 Part XII A | work= Pages 23-24 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand| access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref></small>


===Infrastructure===
===Infrastructure===
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===Agriculture===
===Agriculture===
In Ranchi district, 23% of the total area is covered with forests. “With the gradual deforestation of the district, more and more land is being brought under cultivation.” Terraced low lands are called ''don'' and the uplands are called ''tanr''. The hill streams remain almost dry, except in the rainy season, and does not offer much scope for irrigation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 11:Forestry and Flora and Fauna, Page12: Soil and Cropping, Land and Land use pattern, tenancy and agriculture, Page 13: Irrigation  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>
In Ranchi district, 23% of the total area is covered with forests. "With the gradual deforestation of the district, more and more land is being brought under cultivation." Terraced low lands are called ''don'' and the uplands are called ''tanr''. The hill streams remain almost dry, except in the rainy season, and does not offer much scope for irrigation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 11:Forestry and Flora and Fauna, Page12: Soil and Cropping, Land and Land use pattern, tenancy and agriculture, Page 13: Irrigation  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>


In Kanke CD block, 32.99% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 12.29% was irrigated land.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 84, Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>
In Kanke CD block, 32.99% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 12.29% was irrigated land.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 84, Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>
Line 119: Line 136:
===Backward Regions Grant Fund===
===Backward Regions Grant Fund===
Ranchi district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]]. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | title = Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines | publisher = Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India | access-date = 3 September 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030225317/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=84879 | title= Backward Regions Grant Fund| work= Press Release, 14 June 2012  |publisher= Press Information  Bureau, Government of India | access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref>
Ranchi district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]]. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | title = Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines | publisher = Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India | access-date = 3 September 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030225317/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=84879 | title= Backward Regions Grant Fund| work= Press Release, 14 June 2012  |publisher= Press Information  Bureau, Government of India | access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref>
==Transport==
{{Koderma–Hazaribagh–Barkakana line|collapse=y}}
The [[Koderma–Hazaribagh–Barkakana–Ranchi line]] passes through Kanke block with a station at [[Mesra, Ranchi|Mesra]] and halt stations at Hundur and Jhajhitoli. The Barkakana-Koderma sector is in operation and, as of 2021, the Ranchi-Barkakana sector is partially operable and is nearing completion.<ref>{{cite web  | url = https://actiworld.com/2021/05/19/barakkana-ranchi-railway-line-project-to-be-completed-soon-trains-to-pass-through-litigation-and-tunnels/  | title = Barakkana-Ranchi railway line: project to be completed soon, trains to pass through litigation and tunnels  | publisher = Actiworld  | access-date = 22 September 2021  }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/station/timeline/edits-hundur-halt-hudu/12379 | title = HUDU/ Hundur Halt | publisher = IndiaRailInfo | access-date = 22 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.railyatri.in/stations/jhanjhitoli-halt-jjti | title = JJTI Jhanjitoli Halt  | publisher = Rail Yatri | access-date = 22 September 2021}}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
Kanke CD block had 14 villages with pre-primary schools, 89 villages with primary schools, 44 villages with middle schools, 16 villages with secondary schools, 7 villages with senior secondary schools, 3 villages with general degree colleges, 1 village with engineering college, 1 village with polytechnic, 2 villages with vocational training schools/ ITIs, 1 village with non-formal training centre, 1 village with special school for disabled, 14 villages with no educational facilities.<ref name=directory>{{cite web| url =https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf  | title= District Census Handbook Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work= Pages 595-596 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand| access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref>
Kanke CD block had 14 villages with pre-primary schools, 89 villages with primary schools, 44 villages with middle schools, 16 villages with secondary schools, 7 villages with senior secondary schools, 3 villages with general degree colleges, 1 village with engineering college, 1 village with polytechnic, 2 villages with vocational training schools/ ITIs, 1 village with non-formal training centre, 1 village with special school for disabled, 14 villages with no educational facilities.<ref name=directory>{{cite web| url =https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf  | title= District Census Handbook Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work= Pages 595-596 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand| access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref>
<br/><small>.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand</small>
<br/><small>.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand</small>
[[Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra|Birla Institute of Technology]], established in 1955 by the industrialist [[Birla family|B.M.Birla]] at [[Mesra, Ranchi|Mesra]], is a deemed university, it offers graduate, post graduate and Ph D programmes.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.bitmesra.ac.in/Show_Content_Section?cid=1&pid=379| title = Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra | publisher =  BITM | access-date =  11 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.shiksha.com/university/birla-institute-of-technology-mesra-ranchi-24087 | title =  Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra | publisher =  Shiksha | access-date =  11 September 2021}}</ref>
[[Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya]] is an English-medium coeducational institution established at Mesra in 1988. It is a senior secondary school following the [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] pattern.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.icbse.com/schools/jawahar-navodaya-vidyalaya-r66ok6 | title = Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Ranchi  | publisher = ICBSE  | access-date =  7 September 2021}}</ref>


==Healthcare==
==Healthcare==

Latest revision as of 10:39, 7 August 2025

Kanke
Community development block
Kanke Reservoir
Kanke Reservoir
Kanke is located in Jharkhand
Kanke
Kanke
Location in Jharkhand
Kanke is located in India
Kanke
Kanke
Kanke (India)
Coordinates: 23°26′N 85°19′E / 23.43°N 85.32°E / 23.43; 85.32
Country India
StateJharkhand
DistrictRanchi
Government
 • TypeFederal democracy
Area
 • Total347.11 km2 (134.02 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total244,072
 • Density700/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialHindi, Urdu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
834006
Telephone/STD code0651
Vehicle registrationJH 1
Literacy73.75%
Lok Sabha constituencyRanchi
Vidhan Sabha constituencyKanke
Websiteranchi.nic.in

Kanke block is a community development block in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of Ranchi district, Jharkhand, India.

Geography[edit | edit source]

Kanke is located at 23°26′N 85°19′E / 23.43°N 85.32°E / 23.43; 85.32'

Kanke CD block is located on the Ranchi plateau proper. It has an average elevation of 2,140 feet (650 m) above mean sea level and the land is undulating.[1]

Kanke CD block is bounded by the Patratu CD block of Ramgarh district on the north, Ormanjhi and Angara CD blocks on the east, Namkum and Nagri CD blocks on the south, and Ratu and Burmu CD blocks on the west.[2][3]

Kanke CD block has an area of 347.11 km2.[4]Kanke and Pithoria police stations serve Kanke CD block.[5] The headquarters of Kanke CD block is located at Kanke town.[6]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Population[edit | edit source]

According to the 2011 Census of India, Kanke CD block had a total population of 244,072, of which 216,930 were rural and 27,142 were urban. There were 125,932 (52%) males and 118,140 (48%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 36,181. Scheduled Castes numbered 9,364 (3.84%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 8,1280 (33.30%).[4]

The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks.[7] The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in the total population of Ranchi district numbering 2,914,253 in 2011, was 35.76%. The Oraons forming 18.20% of the population and the Mundas forming 10.30% of the population, were the main tribes. Other tribes included (percentage of population in brackets) Lohra (2.46), Bedia (1.32) and Mahli (1.09).[8]

Census towns in Kanke CD block are as follows (2011 population figure in brackets): Kanke (17,560) and Arsande (9,582).[4]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Kanke CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Pithuriya (6,550), Katamkuli (5,903), Ichapiri (4,241), Neuri (6,907), Simliya (6,523), Kamre (6,114), Sukurhuttu (11, 862), Hosir (6,242), Mesra (9,476), Dumardaga (7,100) and Boreya (4,151).[9]

Literacy[edit | edit source]

As of 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Kanke CD block was 153,317 (73.75% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 89,226 (83.06% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 64,091 (63.79% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 19.27%.[4]

As of 2011 census, literacy in Ranchi district was 77.13%. Literacy in Jharkhand was 67.63% in 2011.[10] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[11]

See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate

Template:Literacy in CD Blocks of Ranchi district

Language and religion[edit | edit source]

Religions in Kanke CD block (2011)[12]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 61.21%
Islam
 
 17.68%
Others*
 
 12.59%
Christianity
 
 7.58%
Other or not stated
 
 0.94%
*mainly tribal religions like Sarna

Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language.[13] Sadri is the predominant local language.

Languages in Kanke CD block (2011)[14]

  Hindi (50.19%)
  Sadri (18.56%)
  Urdu (12.48%)
  Bhojpuri (3.90%)
  Bengali (2.99%)
  Kurukh (2.65%)
  Mundari (2.12%)
  Magahi (1.98%)
  Maithili (1.35%)
  Others (3.78%)

Rural poverty[edit | edit source]

60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the BPL category in 2004–2005.[15] In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%.[16] According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), "the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line."[17]

Economy[edit | edit source]

Livelihood[edit | edit source]

Livelihood
in Kanke CD block

  Cultivators (5.88%)
  Agricultural labourers (6.96%)
  Household industries (3.55%)
  Other Workers (83.61%)

In Kanke CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 24,757 and formed 5.88%, agricultural labourers numbered 29,267 and formed 6.96%, household industry workers numbered 14,934 and formed 3.55% and other workers numbered 351,732 and formed 83.61%. Total workers numbered 420,690 and formed 31.93% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 896,809 and formed 68.07% of the population.[18]

Infrastructure[edit | edit source]

There are 103 inhabited villages in Kanke CD block. In 2011, 84 villages had power supply. 10 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 67 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 67 villages had hand pumps, and 8 villages did not have drinking water facility. 22 villages had post offices, 16 villages had sub post offices, 21 villages had telephones (land lines), 49 villages had mobile phone coverage. 74 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 14 villages had bus service (public/ private), 22 villages had autos/ modified autos, 9 villages had taxi/vans, 20 villages had tractors. 8 villages had bank branches, 6 villages had agricultural credit societies, 5 villages had public library and public reading rooms. 6 villages had public distribution system, 90 villages had assembly polling stations.[19]

Agriculture[edit | edit source]

In Ranchi district, 23% of the total area is covered with forests. "With the gradual deforestation of the district, more and more land is being brought under cultivation." Terraced low lands are called don and the uplands are called tanr. The hill streams remain almost dry, except in the rainy season, and does not offer much scope for irrigation.[20]

In Kanke CD block, 32.99% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 12.29% was irrigated land.[21]

Backward Regions Grant Fund[edit | edit source]

Ranchi district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.[22][23]

Transport[edit | edit source]

The Koderma–Hazaribagh–Barkakana–Ranchi line passes through Kanke block with a station at Mesra and halt stations at Hundur and Jhajhitoli. The Barkakana-Koderma sector is in operation and, as of 2021, the Ranchi-Barkakana sector is partially operable and is nearing completion.[24][25][26]

Education[edit | edit source]

Kanke CD block had 14 villages with pre-primary schools, 89 villages with primary schools, 44 villages with middle schools, 16 villages with secondary schools, 7 villages with senior secondary schools, 3 villages with general degree colleges, 1 village with engineering college, 1 village with polytechnic, 2 villages with vocational training schools/ ITIs, 1 village with non-formal training centre, 1 village with special school for disabled, 14 villages with no educational facilities.[27]
.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand

Birla Institute of Technology, established in 1955 by the industrialist B.M.Birla at Mesra, is a deemed university, it offers graduate, post graduate and Ph D programmes.[28][29]

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya is an English-medium coeducational institution established at Mesra in 1988. It is a senior secondary school following the Central Board of Secondary Education pattern.[30]

Healthcare[edit | edit source]

Kanke CD block had 5 villages with primary health centres, 24 villages with primary health subcentres, 9 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 2 villages with allopathic hospitals, 3 villages with dispensaries, 1 village with veterinary hospital, 17 villages with medicine shops.[27]
.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 21 Part XII A, Census of India 2011" (PDF). Page 9: Administrative Setup, Page 10: Physiography. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  2. ↑ "Ranchi CD block/ Tehsil map". Maps of India. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  3. ↑ "Ramgarh CD block/tehsil map". Maps of India. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B" (PDF). Page 28: District primary census abstract, 2011 census. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  5. ↑ "District Police Profile - Ranchi". Jharkhand Police. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  6. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Map of Ranchi district on the third page. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  7. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 56, Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  8. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 39-40: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Cenus 2011. Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  9. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B" (PDF). Page 142,147. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  10. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011: Jharkhand". Sr. No. 5, Sheet 2. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Government of India. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  11. ↑ "Ranking of states and union territories by literacy rate: 2011" (PDF). Page 110. Government of India. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  12. ↑ "Table C-01 Population By Religion - Jharkhand". census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  13. ↑ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  14. ↑ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Jharkhand". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  15. ↑ "Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India" (PDF). Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand. Munich Personal RePEc Archive. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  16. ↑ "Spatial poverty in Jharkhand". Mint. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  17. ↑ "Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India: An Empirical Study based on Panel Data". MPRA. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  18. ↑ "District Census Handbook 2011 Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Tables 30 and 33, pages 67 and 71. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  19. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 595-598, Appendix I: Village Directory. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  20. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 11:Forestry and Flora and Fauna, Page12: Soil and Cropping, Land and Land use pattern, tenancy and agriculture, Page 13: Irrigation. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  21. ↑ "District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 84, Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  22. ↑ "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
  23. ↑ "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
  24. ↑ "Barakkana-Ranchi railway line: project to be completed soon, trains to pass through litigation and tunnels". Actiworld. Retrieved 22 September 2021.[permanent dead link]
  25. ↑ "HUDU/ Hundur Halt". IndiaRailInfo. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  26. ↑ "JJTI Jhanjitoli Halt". Rail Yatri. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 "District Census Handbook Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 595-596. Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
  28. ↑ "Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra". BITM. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  29. ↑ "Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra". Shiksha. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  30. ↑ "Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Ranchi". ICBSE. Retrieved 7 September 2021.

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