List of Indian independence activists: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|None}}
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The [[Indian independence movement]] consisted of efforts by individuals and organizations from a wide spectrum of society to obtain political independence from the British, French and Portuguese rule through the use of a many methods. This is a list of individuals who notably [[political campaign|campaign]]ed against or are considered to have campaigned against colonial rule on the [[Indian sub-continent]].
The [[Indian independence movement]] consisted of efforts by individuals and organizations from a wide spectrum of society to obtain political independence from the British, French and Portuguese rule through the use of many methods. This is a list of individuals who notably [[political campaign|campaign]]ed against or are considered to have campaigned against colonial rule on the [[Indian sub-continent]].


Post-independence, the term "freedom fighter" was officially recognized by the [[Government of India|Indian government]] Veeran Alagumuthu kone is a first freedom fighter in India 1710- 1759 for those who took part in the movement; people in this category (which can also include dependent family members)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/pension-of-freedom-fighters-hiked-by-rs-5000/article9003109.ece|title=Pension of freedom fighters hiked by Rs 5,000|last=PTI|date=18 August 2016|newspaper=The Hindu Business Line|access-date=23 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> receive pensions and other benefits such as Special Railway Counters.<ref name="Mitchell2009">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fBchTO0NS0EC&pg=PA193|title=Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India: The Making of a Mother Tongue|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-253-35301-6|page=193|first=Lisa|last=Mitchell}}</ref><!--Note: being a recognized "freedom fighter" does not justify automatic inclusion on this list.-->
Post-independence, the term "freedom fighter" was officially recognized by the [[Government of India|Indian government]] for those who took part in the movement; people in this category (which can also include dependent family members)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/pension-of-freedom-fighters-hiked-by-rs-5000/article9003109.ece|title=Pension of freedom fighters hiked by Rs 5,000|last=PTI|date=18 August 2016|newspaper=The Hindu Business Line|access-date=23 February 2017|language=en|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127123249/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/pension-of-freedom-fighters-hiked-by-rs-5000/article9003109.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> receive pensions and other benefits such as Special Railway Counters.<ref name="Mitchell2009">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fBchTO0NS0EC&amp;pg=PA193|title=Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India: The Making of a Mother Tongue|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-253-35301-6|page=193|first=Lisa|last=Mitchell}}</ref>


==List of Indian freedom fighters==
{{multiple image
<!-- Note only their importance to the independence movement; anything post-independence is beyond the scope of this list. -->
| perrow            = 3
{| class="wikitable sortable" <!-- start of table, do not remove this -->
| total_width      = 300
| image1            = Bhagat Singh 1929.jpg
| width1            = 500
| height1          = 600
| image2            = Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak_(1856-1920).webp
| width2            = 500
| height2          = 600
| image3            = Chandrasekhar Azad.jpg
| width3            = 500
| height3          = 600
| image4            = Subhas Chandra Bose NRB.jpg
| width4            = 500
| height4          = 600
| image5            = V._O._Chidambaram_Pillai.jpg
| width5            = 500
| height5          = 600
| image6            = Rani of jhansi.jpg
| width6            = 500
| height6          = 600
| footer            =
| caption1          = [[Bhagat Singh]]
| caption2          = [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]]
| caption3          = [[Chandra Shekhar Azad]]
| caption5          = [[V.O. Chidambaram Pillai]]
| caption4          = [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]
| caption6          = [[Rani of Jhansi]]
}}
 
==List==
 
=== A ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+<!-- start of table, do not remove this -->
|-
! Name !! Activity
|-
|[[Ambika Chakrabarty]]
|| A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armory raid.
|-
|[[Alluri Sitarama Raju]]
||He led the [[Rampa Rebellion of 1922]].
|-
|[[Amarendranath Chatterjee]]
|| A revolutionary, he raised funds and took part in the [[Indo-German Conspiracy]].
|-
|[[Anant Laxman Kanhere]]
||A revolutionary assassin, he was executed by the colonial government for the murder of a British officer [[A.&amp;nbsp;M.&amp;nbsp;T. Jackson]].
|-
|[[Anant Maral Shastri]]
||He participated in the [[Quit India Movement]] and used his writings to inspire nationalistic sentiments. As a journalist, he worked with several newspapers to spread awareness against British rule.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://newsroom24x7.com/2017/08/09/quit-india-movement-and-the-life-and-times-of-anant-maral-shastri/ |title=Quit India Movement and the life and times of Anant Maral Shastri |date=9 August 2017 |access-date=5 June 2023 |archive-date=31 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331040132/https://newsroom24x7.com/2017/08/09/quit-india-movement-and-the-life-and-times-of-anant-maral-shastri/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[Ananta Singh]]
||A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|-
|[[Anjana Devi Chaudhary|Anjana Devi Chaudhry]]
|She was the first woman from Rajasthan state to be arrested during freedom struggle. She was also involved in [[Bijolia movement]] and led a procession of 500 women in Bijolia
|-
|-
! Name  !! Activity
|[[Anugrah Narayan Sinha]]
|A prominent revolutionary from Bihar known as Bihar Vibhuti. He was a [[Gandhian philosophy|Gandhian]] and participated in [[Champaran Satyagraha]] in 1917.
|-
|-
|[[Abdul Qaiyum Ansari]]
|[[Atulkrishna Ghosh]]
|He fought for the independence of India. He fought against Jinnah's two nation theory through his All India Momin Conference of which he was the president. Mr. Ansari dedicated his life to help the underprivileged/economically backward people of India.
||A revolutionary, he took part in the Indo-German Conspiracy.
|-
|-
| [[Alimuddin Ahmad]] || Underground Bengali revolutionary who provided shelter for numerous rebels and assisted them with weaponry
|[[Abdur Rauf Danapuri]]
||He was involved in India's independence movement and opposed British rule. In 1921, he was arrested along with [[Maulana Azad]] and [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] and was imprisoned for six months.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shamsi |first=Abul Kalam Qasmi |author-link=Abul Kalam Qasmi Shamsi |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/tazkira-ulama-e-bihar-volume-001-abul-kalam-qasmi-shamsi-ebooks |title=Tazkira-e-Ulama-e-Bihar |publisher=Department of Publishing and Publications, Jamia Islamia Qasmia |year=1995 |edition=1st |volume=1 |location=Balasath, [[Sitamarhi district|Sitamarhi]] |page=165 |language=ur |trans-title=Biographical Dictionary of the Scholars of Bihar}}</ref>
|}
 
=== B ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Alluri Sitarama Raju]] ||He led the [[Rampa Rebellion of 1922]]
|[[Babu Bhoop Singh]]
|Ruler of [[Kohra (estate)]] and leader in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].
|-
|-
| [[Ambika Chakrabarty]] || A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armory raid.
|[[Badal Gupta]]
|A revolutionary, he died in an attack on police at [[Writers' Building]].
|-
|-
| [[Amarendranath Chatterjee]] || A revolutionary, he raised funds and took part in the [[Indo-German Conspiracy]].
|[[Bagha Jatin]]
|A founding member of [[Anushilan Samiti]], convicted in the [[Howrah-Sibpur conspiracy case]] and a participant in the [[Indo-German Conspiracy]].
|-
|-
| [[Anant Laxman Kanhere]] || A revolutionary assassin, he was executed by the colonial government for the murder of a British officer [[A.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;T. Jackson]].
|[[Baldev Ram Mirdha]]
|He mobilised farmers against british colonial and feudal policies through the Kisan Sabha
|-
|-
| [[Ananta Singh]] || A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|[[Baikuntha Shukla]]
|A revolutionary, he was executed for murdering a government witness.
|-
|-
| [[Aruna Asaf Ali]] || An educator and activist who is widely remembered for hoisting the INC flag during the [[Quit India Movement]], 1942.
|[[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]]
|-
|A nationalist, he campaigned for [[Swaraj]] (self-rule).
| [[Ashfaqulla Khan]] || A founding member of the HRA, he was executed for taking part in the [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|-
| [[Atulkrishna Ghosh]] || A revolutionary, he took part in the Indo-German Conspiracy.
|-
|-
|[[B. R. Ambedkar]] ||Politician who campaigned and negotiated for independence, and was pivotal in formation of the [[Indian Constitution]].  
|[[Begum Hazrat Mahal]]
|Also known as the [[Begum]] of [[Awadh]], she was the second wife of [[Nawab of Awadh]] [[Wajid  Ali Shah]], and the regent of Awadh in 1857–1858. She is known for the leading role she had in the rebellion against the [[British East India Company]] during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].
|-
|-
| [[Badal Gupta]] || A revolutionary, he died in an attack on police at [[Writers' Building]].
|[[Bankim Chandra Chatterjee]]
|A nationalist, he wrote ''[[Vande Mataram]]'' which inspired many activists and became the national song of India.
|-
|-
| [[Bagha Jatin]] || A founding member of [[Anushilan Samiti]], convicted in the [[Howrah-Sibpur conspiracy case]] and a participant in the [[Indo-German Conspiracy]].
|[[Barindra Kumar Ghosh]]
|A revolutionary organizer, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
|-
|-
| [[Baikuntha Shukla]] || A revolutionary, he was executed for murdering a government witness.
|[[Basawon Singh]]
|An activist, he was convicted in the [[Lahore Conspiracy Case trial]].
|-
|-
| [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]] || [The Father of Indian Unrest] A staunch nationalist, he campaigned for complete [[Swaraj]] (self-rule).
|[[Batukeshwar Dutt]]
|An Indian revolutionary participating in an armed struggle against British rule in India, he threw a bomb in the [[Revolutionary movement for Indian independence#Central Assembly Bomb Case .281929.29|Central Assembly in 1929]].
|-
|-
|[[Bankim Chandra Chatterjee]] || A nationalist, he wrote ''[[Vande Mataram]]'' which inspired many activists and became the national song of India.
|[[Benoy Basu]]
|A revolutionary, he died following an attack on police at Writers' Building.
|-
|-
| [[Barindra Kumar Ghosh]] || A revolutionary organizer, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
|[[Bhabini Mahato]]
|A freedom fighter and activist who participated in the Quit India Movement of 1942 and the Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)
|-
|-
| [[Basawon Singh]]|| An activist, he was convicted in the [[Lahore Conspiracy Case trial]].
|[[Bhagat Singh]]
|A socialist, anarchist and Marxist revolutionary who worked with several revolutionary organisations and became prominent in the [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] (HSRA).
|-
|-
| [[Batukeshwar Dutt]] || A Indian revolutionary participating in an armed struggle against British rule in India, he threw a bomb in the [[Revolutionary movement for Indian independence#Central Assembly Bomb Case .281929.29|Central Assembly in 1929]].
|[[Bhagwati Charan Vohra]]
|A revolutionary ideologue and bomb-maker, he wrote the article "[[Delhi Conspiracy Commission|The Philosophy of Bomb]]".
|-
|-
| [[Benoy Basu]] || A revolutionary, he died following an attack on police at Writers' Building.
|[[Bhavabhushan Mitra]]
|[[Ghadar Mutiny]]{{citation needed|date=September 2020|reason=Not in either article}}
|-
|-
|[[Bhagat Singh]] ||A socialist revolutionary who worked with several revolutionary organisations and became prominent in the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).
|[[Bhikaiji Cama]]
|Bhikaiji Cama was born in [[Bombay]] (now [[Mumbai]]) in a large, affluent [[Parsi]] [[Zoroastrian]] family.<ref name="YājñikaSheth2005">{{cite book |last1=Yājñika |first1=Acyuta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wmKIiAPgnF0C&amp;pg=PA152 |title=The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond |last2=Sheth |first2=Suchitra |publisher=Penguin Books India |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-14-400038-8 |pages=152–}}</ref> While in London recovering from the plague, she met [[Dadabhai Naoroji]], then [[president (corporate title)|president]] of the [[History of the Indian National Congress|British Committee of the Indian National Congress]], and for whom she came to work as private secretary. Together with Naoroji and [[Sardar Singh Rana|Singh Rewabhai Rana]], Cama supported the founding of Varma's [[Indian Home Rule Society]] in February 1905. She was denied re-entry to India after refusing to sign a statement pledging she would not participate in nationalist activities and, while in exile, Cama wrote, published (in the Netherlands and Switzerland) and distributed revolutionary literature for the movement, including ''[[Bande Mataram (Paris publication)|Bande Mataram]]'' (founded in response to the [[The Crown|Crown]] ban on the poem ''[[Vande Mataram]]'') and later ''[[Talvar|Madan's Talwar]]'' (in response to the execution of [[Madan Lal Dhingra]]).<ref>{{citation |title=Concise Encyclopaedia of India |volume=3 |page=1015 |year=2006 |editor-last=Gupta |editor-first=K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9dNOT9iYxcMC |location=New Delhi |publisher=Atlantic |isbn=81-269-0639-1 |editor2-last=Gupta |editor2-first=Amita}}.</ref> These weeklies were smuggled into India through the French colony of [[Pondicherry district|Pondichéry]].{{citation needed|date=March 2016}} On 22 August 1907, Cama attended the [[International Socialist Congress, Stuttgart 1907|second Socialist Congress at Stuttgart]], [[Germany]], where she described the devastating effects of a famine that had struck the Indian subcontinent. In her appeal for human rights, equality and for autonomy from Great Britain, she unfurled what she called the "Flag of Indian Independence".<ref group="n">"This flag is of India's [[independence]]. Behold, it is born. It is already sanctified by the blood of martyred Indian youth. I call upon you, gentlemen, to rise and salute the flag of Indian independence. In the name of this flag, I appeal to lovers of freedom all over the world to cooperate with this flag in freeing one-fifth of the human race."</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Bhagwati Charan Vohra]] || A revolutionary ideologue and bomb-maker, he wrote the article "[[Delhi Conspiracy Commission|The Philosophy of Bomb]]".
|[[Bhupendranath Datta]]
|A revolutionary, he was editor of newspaper ''[[Jugantar Patrika]]''.
|-
|-
| [[Bhavabhushan Mitra]] || [[Ghadar Mutiny]]{{citation needed|date=September 2020|reason=Not in either article}}
|[[Bhupendra Kumar Datta]]
|A revolutionary, editor of the publications of [[Anushilan Samiti]].
|-
|-
| [[Bhikaiji Cama]] || Bhikaiji Cama was born in [[Bombay]] (now [[Mumbai]]) in a large, affluent [[Parsi]] [[Zoroastrian]] family.<ref name="YājñikaSheth2005">{{cite book|first1=Acyuta|last1=Yājñika|first2=Suchitra|last2=Sheth|title=The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wmKIiAPgnF0C&pg=PA152|year=2005|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-400038-8|pages=152–}}</ref> While in London recovering from the plague, she met [[Dadabhai Naoroji]], then [[president (corporate title)|president]] of the [[History of the Indian National Congress|British Committee of the Indian National Congress]], and for whom she came to work as private secretary. Together with Naoroji and [[Sardar Singh Rana|Singh Rewabhai Rana]], Cama supported the founding of Varma's [[Indian Home Rule Society]] in February 1905. She was denied re-entry to India after refusing to sign a statement pledging she would not participate in nationalist activities and, while in exile, Cama wrote, published (in the Netherlands and Switzerland) and distributed revolutionary literature for the movement, including ''[[Bande Mataram (Paris publication)|Bande Mataram]]'' (founded in response to the [[The Crown|Crown]] ban on the poem ''[[Vande Mataram]]'') and later ''[[Talvar|Madan's Talwar]]'' (in response to the execution of [[Madan Lal Dhingra]]).<ref>{{citation|editor-last=Gupta|editor-first=K.|editor2-last=Gupta|editor2-first=Amita|title=Concise Encyclopaedia of India|volume=3|year=2006|page=1015|location=New Delhi|publisher=Atlantic|isbn=81-269-0639-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9dNOT9iYxcMC}}.</ref> These weeklies were smuggled into India through the French colony of [[Pondicherry district|Pondichéry]].{{citation needed|date=March 2016}} On 22 August 1907, Cama attended the [[International Socialist Congress, Stuttgart 1907|second Socialist Congress at Stuttgart]], [[Germany]], where she described the devastating effects of a famine that had struck the Indian subcontinent. In her appeal for human rights, equality and for autonomy from Great Britain, she unfurled what she called the "Flag of Indian Independence".<ref group="n">"This flag is of India's [[independence]]. Behold, it is born. It is already sanctified by the blood of martyred Indian youth. I call upon you, gentlemen, to rise and salute the flag of Indian independence. In the name of this flag, I appeal to lovers of freedom all over the world to cooperate with this flag in freeing one-fifth of the human race."</ref>
|[[Bina Das]]
|A revolutionary, she attempted to assassinate Bengal Governor [[Stanley Jackson (cricketer)|Stanley Jackson]].
|-
|-
| [[Bhupendranath Datta]] || A revolutionary, he was editor of newspaper ''[[Jugantar Patrika]]''.
|[[Binod Bihari Chowdhury]]
|A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|-
|-
| [[Bhupendra Kumar Datta]] || A revolutionary, editor of the publications of [[Anushilan Samiti]].
|[[Bipin Chandra Pal]]
|A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete [[Swaraj]] [[Swadeshi movement]]. Pal is known as the Father of Revolutionary Thoughts in India and was one of the freedom fighters of India.Bipin Chandra Pal made a strong plea for repeal of the Arms Act which was discriminatory in nature. Along with Lala Lajpat Rai and Bal Gangadhar Tilak he belonged to the Lal-Bal-Pal trio that was associated with revolutionary activity. Sri Aurobindo Ghosh and Pal were recognised as the chief exponents of a new national movement revolving around the ideals of Purna Swaraj, Swadeshi, boycott and national education. His programme consisted of Swadeshi, boycott and national education. He preached and encouraged the use of Swadeshi and the boycott of foreign goods to eradicate poverty and unemployment. He wanted to remove social evils from the form and arouse the feelings of nationalism through national criticism.
|}
 
=== C ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Bina Das]] || A revolutionary, she attempted to assassinate Bengal Governor [[Stanley Jackson]].
|[[Chandrashekhar Azad ]]
|Indian revolutionary who reorganised the [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association|Hindustan Republican Association]] (HRA) under its new name of [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] (HSRA) after the death of its founder, Ram Prasad Bismil, and three other prominent party leaders, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Ashfaqulla Khan.
|-
|-
| [[Binod Bihari Chowdhury]] || A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|[[Charan Singh|Chaudhary Charan Singh]]
|Singh followed Gandhi in non-violent struggle for independence from the British government and was imprisoned several times and later founded his own party [[Lokdal|Lok Dal]].
|-
|-
| [[Bipin Chandra Pal]] || A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete [[Swaraj]] [[Swadeshi movement]].Pal is known as the Father of Revolutionary Thoughts in India and was one of the freedom fighters of India.Bipin Chandra Pal made a strong plea for repeal of the Arms Act which was discriminatory in nature. Along with Lala Lajpat Rai and Bal Gangadhar Tilak he belonged to the Lal-Bal-Pal trio that was associated with revolutionary activity. Sri Aurobindo Ghosh and Pal were recognised as the chief exponents of a new national movement revolving around the ideals of Purna Swaraj, Swadeshi, boycott and national education. His programme consisted of Swadeshi, boycott and national education. He preached and encouraged the use of Swadeshi and the boycott of foreign goods to eradicate poverty and unemployment. He wanted to remove social evils from the form and arouse the feelings of nationalism through national criticism.
|[[Chaudhary Mohar Singh]]
|He was a rebel in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]. He along with Thana Bhawan Saiyed Pathans captured the Shamli tehsil from British rule for six months
|-
|-
| [[Chandra Shekhar Azad]] || Chandrashekhar Azad was one of the greatest minds of Indian Independence Movement. He was the mentor of many freedom fighters&nbsp;including Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar, and Shivaram Rajguru. Chandrashekhar Azad was originally Chandrasekhar Tiwari. He was also known as Chandrasekhar Azad or Chandra Shekhar. He was involved in several incidents including Kakori train robbery, assembly bomb incident, shooting of Saunders at Lahore, and to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.He was born on 23 July 1906 in Bhabra, Madhya Pradesh, and was the son of Pandit Sitaram Tiwari and Jagrani Devi. At Bhavra he received his early education and for higher studies, he went to Sanskrit Pathshala, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. He got involved in revolutionary activities at a very young age. Mahatma Gandhi that time launched a Non-Cooperation movement and he joined it. He got his first punishment at an age of 15 years when he was caught by the Britishers and sentenced to 15 whiplashes. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) deeply disappointed Chandrashekhar Azad. Mahatma Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation movement in 1921 and Chandrashekhar Azad participated actively in it. But due to the Chauri-Chaura incident, Gandhi Ji suspended the Non-Cooperation movement in February 1922 that came as a blow to the Nationalist Sentiments of Azad. He then decided Hindustan Republican Association out of a sense of patriotism and took part in several national interest activities including Kakori train robbery, assembly bomb incident, shooting of Saunders at Lahore, and to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.He wanted complete independence for India in any which way. He was betrayed by one of his associates and was besieged by the British police. On 27 February 1931, he arranged a meeting with revolutionaries at Allahabad's Alfred Park He fought with bravery but seeing no other way to escape, he shot himself and fulfilled his pledge of not being caught alive.To commemorate the bravery of Chandrashekhar Azad, after independence, Alfred Park in Allahabad was renamed as Chandrashekhar Azad Park. He lived only for 25 years but his role played in India's independence is not forgettable and inspired several Indians to take part in India's freedom struggle.
|[[Chittaranjan Das]]
|He founded the [[Swaraj Party]] and became the leader of the [[Non-cooperation movement (1909–22)|Non-cooperation Movement]] in Bengal.
|-
|-
| [[Chittaranjan Das]] || He founded the [[Swaraj Party]] and became the leader of the [[Non-cooperation Movement]] in Bengal.
|[[Chowdary Satyanarayana]]
|He was an Indian freedom fighter, anti-colonial nationalist, politician, legislature in Andhra Pradesh Assembly (1955–62, 1967–72) and a human rights activist.
|}
 
=== D ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
|[[Chowdary Satyanarayana]] || He was an Indian freedom fighter, anti-colonial nationalist, politician, legislature in Andhra Pradesh Assembly (1955–62, 1967–72) and a human rights activist.
|[[Dadabhai Naoroji]]
|Known as the Grand Old Man of India, Dadabhai Naoroji was born in [[Navsari]], Gujarat within a [[Parsi]] [[Zoroastrian]] family. He was an Indian political leader, merchant, scholar and writer who was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895 and the first Asian to be a British MP, other than the Anglo-Indian MP David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre, who was disenfranchised for corruption after nine months in office. Naoroji is renowned for his work in the Indian National Congress, of which he was one of the founding members and thrice — in 1886, 1893, and 1906 — elected president. Dadabhai Naoroji is regarded as one of the most important Indians during the birth of the nascent independence movement. In his writings, he came to the conclusion that the exertion of foreign rule over India was not favourable for the nation, and that independence (or at the very least, responsible government) would be the better path for India.
|-
|-
| [[Dadabhai Naoroji]] || Known as the Grand Old Man of India, Dadabhai Naoroji was born in [[Navsari]], Gujarat within a [[Parsi]] [[Zoroastrian]] family. He was an Indian political leader, merchant, scholar and writer who was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895 and the first Asian to be a British MP, other than the Anglo-Indian MP David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre, who was disenfranchised for corruption after nine months in office. Naoroji is renowned for his work in the Indian National Congress, of which he was one of the founding members and thrice — in 1886, 1893, and 1906 — elected president. Dadabhai Naoroji is regarded as one of the most important Indians during the birth of the nascent independence movement. In his writings, he came to the conclusion that the exertion of foreign rule over India was not favourable for the nation, and that independence (or at the very least, responsible government) would be the better path for India.
|[[Dhan Singh Gurjar]]
|He was the police chief of Meerut, who participated in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 rebellion]] and led initial actions against the British East India Company in Meerut.
|-
|-
| [[Dhan Singh Gurjar]] ||He was the police chief of Meerut, who participated in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 rebellion]] and led initial actions against the British East India Company in Meerut.
|[[Dheeran Chinnamalai]]
|An indigenous governor, he took part in guerrilla warfare against the British East India Company.
|-
|-
|[[Dheeran Chinnamalai]] ||An indigenous governor, he took part in guerrilla warfare against the British East India Company.
|[[Dinesh Gupta]]
|A revolutionary, he was executed following an attack on police at Writers' Building.
|-
|-
| [[Dinesh Gupta]] || A revolutionary, he was executed following an attack on police at Writers' Building.
|[[Durgawati Devi]]
|A revolutionary, she helped operate a bomb factory.
|}
 
=== G ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Durgawati Devi]] || A revolutionary, she helped operate a bomb factory.
|[[Ganesh Damodar Savarkar]]
|Founder of the [[Abhinav Bharat Society]]. He led an armed movement against the British colonial government in India, he was sentenced to transportation for life as a result. Was the brother of [[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]].
|-
|-
|[[Ganesh Damodar Savarkar]] ||Founder of the [[Abhinav Bharat Society]]. He led an armed movement against the British colonial government in India, he was sentenced to transportation for life as a result. Was the brother of [[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar|Veer Savarkar]].
|[[Ganesh Ghosh]]
|A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|-
|-
| [[Ganesh Ghosh]] || A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|[[Gopinath Bordoloi]]
|He met Jawaharlal Nehru in England in 1925. He joined the Indian National Congress and actively participated in the Indian Freedom Movement. In 1942 he was arrested during the Quit India Movement and sentenced to 3+1⁄2 years imprisonment. He was the first Chief Minister of undivided Assam. He died in 1950.
|}
 
=== H ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[George Joseph (Kerala)]] || An activist, he led the [[non-cooperation movement]] in Madurai.
|[[Habib ur Rahman (Indian National Army officer)|Habib ur Rahman]]
|He was an army officer in the Indian National Army (INA) who was charged with "waging war against His Majesty the King Emperor". He served as Subhas Chandra Bose's chief of staff in Singapore, and accompanied Bose on his last fatal flight from Taipei to Tokyo, sharing the last moments of his life.
|-
|-
| [[Hafizur Rahman Wasif Dehlavi]] || Activist, author and jurist.
|[[Harchandrai Vishandas|Seth Harchandrai Vishandas]]
|A [[Sindhi Hindus|Sindhi]] politician and influential mayor of Karachi, he fought for Muslim-Hindu unity and the independence movement, particularly in opposing the [[Simon Commission]] of 1912. He died while travelling (against doctor's advice) to vote for its boycott.
|-
|-
|[[Harchandrai Vishandas|Seth Harchandrai Vishandas]] ||A [[Sindhi Hindus|Sindhi]] politician and influential mayor of Karachi, he fought for Muslim-Hindu unity and the independence movement, particularly in opposing the [[Simon Commission]] of 1912. He died while travelling (against doctor's advice) to vote for its boycott.
|[[Hare Krishna Konar]]
|A revolutionary, founder of [[Communist Consolidation]] in [[Cellular Jail|Andaman Cellular Jail]]. It is a Nationalist organisation to uproot [[British Raj]] from [[India]].
|-
|-
| [[Hare Krishna Konar]] || A revolutionary, founder of [[Communist Consolidation]] in [[Cellular Jail|Andaman Cellular Jail]]. It is a Nationalist organisation to uproot [[British Raj]] from [[India]].
|[[Hemchandra Kanungo]]
|A nationalist, convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
|-
|-
| [[Hridyaram Mahashye]] || Activist, A revolutionary, he participated in the Indian independence movement in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
|[[Hemu Kalani]]
|A student revolutionary who was executed for attempted [[rail sabotage]].
|}
 
=== I ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Hemchandra Kanungo]] || A nationalist, convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
|[[Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi]]
|He founded the [[Khaksars|Khaksar]] Movement in British India.
|}
 
=== J ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Hemu Kalani]] || A student revolutionary who was executed for attempted [[rail sabotage]].
|[[Jagjivan Ram]]
|Babuji, as he was commonly called, was a politician and Indian independence activist from Bihar. After playing a key role in the establishment of the All India Depressed Classes League in 1935, he went on to develop the rural labour movement and was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly in 1937. The league was devoted to achieving equality for untouchables.
|-
|-
| [[Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi]] || He founded the [[Khaksars|Khaksar]] Movement in British India.
|[[Jatindra Nath Das]]
|An activist and revolutionary, he died during a hunger strike while awaiting trial for the [[Bhagat Singh#Hunger strike and Lahore conspiracy case|Lahore conspiracy case]].
|-
|-
| [[Jatindra Nath Das]] || An activist and revolutionary, he died during a hunger strike while awaiting trial for the [[Bhagat Singh#Hunger strike and Lahore conspiracy case|Lahore conspiracy case]].
|[[Jawahar Lal Nehru]]
|An activist, he campaigned for independence and became India's first [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister]].
|-
|-
| [[Jawahar Lal Nehru]] || An activist, he campaigned for independence and became India's first [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister]].
|[[Jayi Rajaguru]]
|A prominent figure of the Indian independence movement in the state of Odisha.
|-
|-
|[[Jayi Rajaguru]] || A prominent figure of the Indian independence movement in the state of Odisha.
|[[Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee]]
|A revolutionary, he was imprisoned for the [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|}
 
=== K ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee]] || A revolutionary, he was imprisoned for the [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|[[Kali Charan Banerjee]]
|A [[Bengali Christians|Bengali Christian]] politician, he regularly addressed the [[Indian National Congress]] annual sessions in moulding the policy of national movement.{{relevance inline|date=September 2020|How is he an independence activist?}}
|-
|-
| [[Kali Charan Banerjee]] || A [[Bengali Christians|Bengali Christian]] politician, he regularly addressed the [[Indian National Congress]] annual sessions in moulding the policy of national movement.{{relevance inline|date=September 2020|How is he an independence activist?}}
|[[Kalpana Datta]]
|Involved in the Indian Independence Movement; also part of the [[Chittagong armoury raid]] planning.
|-
|-
| [[Kalpana Datta]] || Involved in the Indian Independence Movement; also part of the [[Chittagong armoury raid]] planning.
|[[Kamal Nath Tewari]]
|He was a freedom fighter and after independence he was elected as Member of Parliament from Bagaha (Now Valmikinagar) and Bettiah (Now Paschimi Champaran) Constituency respectively he was also in the panel of LokSabha Speaker and was the president of Estimate Committee.
|-
|-
|[[Kamal Nath Tewari]] || He was a freedom fighter and after independence he was elected as Member of Parliament from Bagaha (Now Valmikinagar) and Bettiah (Now Paschimi Champaran) Constituency respectively he was also in the panel of LokSabha Speaker and was the president of Estimate Committee.
|[[Kamla Beniwal]]
|She participated in [[Quit India Movement]] at the age of 15. She was awarded with the [[Indian copper plate inscriptions|Tamra Patra]] by former prime minister [[Indira Gandhi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=15 की उम्र में भारत छोड़ो आंदोलन का रही हिस्सा, गुजरात में मोदी से टकराईं, जानिए कौन हैं कमला बेनीवाल |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/rajasthan/jaipur/who-is-kamla-beniwal-who-passed-away-fought-with-pm-modi-in-gujarat/articleshow/110154775.cms |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=Navbharat Times |language=hi}}</ref>
|-
|-
|[[Kamarajar]] || He was a freedom fighter and after independence he became as chief minister of Tamil Nadu and his rule for 9 years was the golden rule of Tamil Nadu.
|[[Kanneganti Hanumanthu]]
|A freedom fighter and farmer leader who spearheaded the [[Palnadu district|Palnadu]] Rebellion.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kanneganti Hanumanthu |url=https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?2843 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410092834/https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?2843 |archive-date=10 April 2023 |access-date=2023-04-08 |website= |publisher=[[Ministry of Culture (India)|Ministry of Culture, Government of India]] |language=English}}</ref> As a part of the [[Non-cooperation movement (1909–22)|non-cooperation movement]], Hanumanthu mobilised people to not pay the Pullari tax and organised a [[Boycott|social boycott]] of British officials.<ref name=":9">{{Cite book |last=Regani |first=Sarojini |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W58sAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=Kanneganti+hanumanthu |title=Highlights of the Freedom Movement in Andhra Pradesh |date=1972 |publisher=Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Government of Andhra Pradesh |pages=20 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=I. Mallikarjuna |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tx1uAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=Kanneganti+hanumanthu |title=In Retrospect: Part. 1. Andhra Pradesh: Heroes and Heroines of Telangana Armed Struggle |date=2003 |publisher=Ravi Sasi Enterprises |isbn=978-81-88151-01-1 |pages=206, 329 |language=en}}</ref> Under the leadership of Hanumanthu, the [[Chenchu people|Chenchus]] of [[Nallamala Hills|Nallamalla Hills]] fought against the British as a part of Palnadu forest satyagraha in 1921-22.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=దుర్గరాజు |first=శాయి ప్రమోద్‌ |date=2022-08-05 |title=జైహింద్‌ స్పెషల్‌: వీళ్లంతటివాడు పుల్లరి హనుమంతుడు |url=https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/andhra-pradesh/azadi-ka-amrit-mahotsav-freedom-fighter-kanneganti-hanumanthu-1476201 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817004353/https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/andhra-pradesh/azadi-ka-amrit-mahotsav-freedom-fighter-kanneganti-hanumanthu-1476201 |archive-date=17 August 2022 |access-date=2023-04-08 |website=[[Sakshi (newspaper)|Sakshi]] |language=te}}</ref> [[Execution by firing squad|Executed by a firing squad]] of British Indian police.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=7 April 2022 |title=పుల్లరిపై పల్నాటి బహిష్కరణ బాణం నీళ్లు కూడా దొరకకుండా చేసి |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/telugu/telangana/bharat/the-story-of-kanneganti-hanumanthu-in-indian-independence/na20220407050941814 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411161038/https://www.etvbharat.com/telugu/telangana/bharat/the-story-of-kanneganti-hanumanthu-in-indian-independence/na20220407050941814 |archive-date=11 April 2023 |access-date=2023-04-08 |website=[[ETV Network|ETV Bharat]] |language=te}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Kartar Singh Sarabha]] || A revolutionary, he helped with the [[Ghadar Party]] paper and the attempted [[Ghadar Mutiny]].
|[[K. Kamaraj]]
|He was a freedom fighter and after independence he became as chief minister of Tamil Nadu and his rule for 9 years was the golden rule of Tamil Nadu.
|-
|-
|[[Kazi Nazrul Islam]] || A nationalist, he called for revolution in his poetic works and publications.
|[[Kartar Singh Sarabha]]
|A revolutionary, he helped with the [[Ghadar Party]] paper and the attempted [[Ghadar Mutiny]].
|-
|-
| [[Khudiram Bose]] || One of the youngest revolutionary martyrs, he was executed following an attempted assassination bombing which accidentally killed two bystanders instead of his intended target, the Viceroy of Bengal .
|[[Khudiram Bose]]
|One of the youngest revolutionary martyrs, he was executed following an attempted assassination bombing which accidentally killed two bystanders instead of his intended target, the Viceroy of Bengal.
|-
|-
|[[Kittur Chennamma]]||An Indian freedom fighter and [[rani]] of the [[Kittur]], a former princely state in [[Karnataka]]. She led an armed force against the British East India Company in 1824 in defiance of the [[doctrine of lapse]] in an attempt to maintain Indian control over the region, but was defeated in the third war and died in prison.  
|[[Kittur Chennamma]]
|An Indian freedom fighter and [[rani]] of the [[Kittur]], a former princely state in [[Karnataka]]. She led an armed force against the British East India Company in 1824 in defiance of the [[doctrine of lapse]] in an attempt to maintain Indian control over the region, but was defeated in the third war and died in prison.
|-
|-
| [[Komaram Bheem]] || A [[India tribal belt|tribal leader]], he fought for the [[Annexation of Hyderabad|liberation of Hyderabad]].  
|[[Komaram Bheem]]
|A [[India tribal belt|tribal leader]], he fought for the [[Annexation of Hyderabad|liberation of Hyderabad]].
|-
|-
| [[Krishnaji Gopal Karve]] || A revolutionary, he was executed as an accomplice to the murder of A.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;T. Jackson.
|[[Krishnaji Gopal Karve]]
|A revolutionary, he was executed as an accomplice to the murder of A.&amp;nbsp;M.&amp;nbsp;T. Jackson.
|-
|-
|[[Kunwar Singh|Babu Kunwar Singh]]||A [[Singh|Rajput]] military commander in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].
|[[Kunwar Singh|Babu Kunwar Singh]]
|A [[Singh|Rajput]] military commander in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].
|-
|-
| [[Kushal Konwar]] || An organizer of the Quit India movement, he was judged the mastermind of a troop train derailment and hanged.
|[[Kushal Konwar]]
|An organizer of the Quit India movement, he was judged the mastermind of a troop train derailment and hanged.
|}
 
=== L ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] || A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete [[Swaraj]] [[Swadeshi movement]].
|[[Lala Lajpat Rai]]
|A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete [[Swaraj]] [[Swadeshi movement]].
|-
|-
| [[Maulvi Liaquat Ali]] || A leader of the [[Sepoy Mutiny]], he captured [[Khusro Bagh]] in [[Allahabad]] and declared the independence of India.
|[[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]
|He studied in East Central Railway Inter college and Harish Chandra High School, which he left to join the [[non-cooperation Movement]]. He worked for the betterment of the [[Harijan]] at [[Muzaffarpur]] and dropped his caste-derived surname of "Srivastava". Shastri's thoughts were influenced by reading about [[Swami Vivekanand]], [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and [[Annie Besant]]. Deeply impressed and influenced by Gandhi, he joined the [[Indian Independence movement]] in the 1920s. He served as the president of [[Servants of the People Society]] (Lok Sevak Mandal), founded by [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] and held prominent positions in the [[Indian National Congress]]. Following independence in 1947, he joined the Indian government and became one of [[Prime Minister]] Nehru's key cabinet colleagues, first as [[Railways Minister]] (1951–56), and then in numerous other prominent positions, including the [[Home Minister]].
|-
|-
| [[Lokenath Bal]] || A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|[[Lokenath Bal]]
|A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
|}
 
=== M ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Madan Lal Dhingra]] || An activist and revolutionary fighting against British colonial rule in India, Dhingra assassinated British official [[Curzon Wyllie]].
|[[Madhusudan Das]]
|A leader, popularly known as "Utkal Gourab". He was the first graduate and advocate of [[Odisha]].{{relevance inline|date=September 2020|How is he an independence activist? Needs citation.}}
|-
|-
| [[Madhusudan Das]]|| A leader from the [[Christianity in Odisha|Christian community in Odisha]], popularly known as "Utkal Gourab". He was the first graduate and advocate of [[Odisha]].{{relevance inline|date=September 2020|How is he an independence activist? Needs citation.}}
|[[Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi]]
|Left studies on call of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the [[Non-Cooperation Movement]] in the year 1921. Founded [[All India Jamhur Muslim League]] in 1940 to counter the Lahore resolution, passed by the All-India Muslim League, for a separate Pakistan based on Muhammad Ali Jinnah's [[Two nation theory]].<ref name="Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav">{{cite web |last1=Ministry of Culture |first1=Government of India |title=Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Unsung Hero of India's freedom struggle |url=https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?138 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123094444/https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?138 |archive-date=23 January 2022 |access-date=23 January 2022 |website=amritmahotsav.nic.in}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi]] || Left studies on call of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the [[Non-Cooperation Movement]] in the year 1921. Founded [[All India Jamhur Muslim League]] in 1940 to counter the Lahore resolution, passed by the All-India Muslim League, for a separate Pakistan based on Muhammad Ali Jinnah's [[Two nation theory]].<ref name="Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav">{{cite web|last1=Ministry of Culture|first1=Government of India|title=Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Unsung Hero of India's freedom struggle|url=https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?138|website=amritmahotsav.nic.in}}</ref>
|[[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]]
|He and his students launched the [[Silk Letter Movement]] and laid the foundation of [[Jamia Millia Islamia]] on 29&amp;nbsp;October 1920.<ref name="asiradrawi">{{cite book |last1=Adrawi |first1=Asir |author-link1=Asir Adrawi |title=Hazrat Shaykh al-Hind: Hayat awr Karname |publisher=Shaykh al-Hind Academy, [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |edition=April 2012 |location=[[Deoband]] |language=ur |trans-title=Shaykh al-Hind: Life and works}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]] || He and his students launched the [[Silk Letter Movement]] and laid the foundation of [[Jamia Millia Islamia]] on 29&nbsp;October 1920.<ref name="asiradrawi">{{cite book |first1=Asir |last1=Adrawi |author-link1=Asir Adrawi |title=Hazrat Shaykh al-Hind: Hayat awr Karname |trans-title =Shaykh al-Hind: Life and works |publisher=Shaykh al-Hind Academy, [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |location=[[Deoband]]|edition=April 2012 |language=ur}}</ref>
|[[Mangal Pandey]]
|He [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|rebelled]] against his [[British Indian army]] commanders and was executed.
|-
|-
| [[Mangal Pandey]] ||He [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|rebelled]] against his [[British Indian army]] commanders and was executed.
|[[Manmath Nath Gupta]]
|A member of the HRA, he took part in the [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|-
|-
| [[Manmath Nath Gupta]] || A member of the HRA, he took part in the [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|[[Matangini Hazra]]
|An activist with the [[Quit India Movement]], she was fatally shot by British Indian police.
|-
|-
| [[Matangini Hazra]] || An activist with the [[Quit India Movement]], she was fatally shot by British Indian police.
|[[Maulvi Liaquat Ali]]
|A leader of the [[Sepoy Mutiny]], he captured [[Khusro Bagh]] in [[Allahabad]] and declared the independence of India.
|-
|-
|[[Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone]] ||He is the First Freedom Fighter from Kattalankulam in Thoothukudi District, was an early Chieftain and freedom fighter against the British presence in Tamil Nadu. Born into a yadav community family, he became a military leader in the town of Ettayapuram, and was defeated in battle there against the British and Maruthanayagam's forces. He was executed in 1759
|[[Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone]]
|He is the First Freedom Fighter from Kattalankulam in Thoothukudi District, was an early Chieftain and freedom fighter against the British presence in Tamil Nadu. Born into a yadav community family, he became a military leader in the town of Ettayapuram, and was defeated in battle there against the British and Maruthanayagam's forces. He was executed in 1759
In his memory, the government of Tamil Nadu conducts a Pooja ceremony every year on 11 July. A documentary film based on his life was released in 2012.
In his memory, the government of Tamil Nadu conducts a Pooja ceremony every year on 11 July. A documentary film based on his life was released in 2012.
|-
|-
|[[Mazhar Nanautawi]] || He was among the founding figures of [[Mazahir Uloom]]. He participated in the [[Battle of Shamli]].<ref name="najmul"/>
|[[Mohammad Farooq Chishti]]
|Coming from an affluent [[Zamindar]] family, a leading Independence Activist from Eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. Mr. Chishti fought for the independence of India, actively participated in Quit India Movement and was jailed many times. He strongly opposed Jinnah's two nation theory and rejected his offer many times for ministerial positions in Pakistani Government brought by Raja of Salempur, he dedicated his life to help the underprivileged and economically backward people of India.
|-
|[[Maulana Mazharul Haque]]
|He was an educator, lawyer, independence activist and freedom fighter of the [[Indian National Movement]]. A stamp was issued in his honour by the Indian Postal Service in 1981 and in 1998.
|-
|[[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]]
|He was a  lawyer, independence activist and freedom fighter of the [[Indian National Movement]].He is known as Father of Nation.
|-
|[[Mithuben Petit]]
|Hailing from the Parsi Zoroastrian community, [[Mithuben Petit]] was a female activist in the [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]] movement,<ref name="google">{{cite book |last=Mody |first=Nawaz B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8RFuAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=Mithuben+Petit |title=Women in India's freedom struggle |date=2000 |publisher=Allied Publishers |isbn=9788177640700 |access-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430025227/https://books.google.com/books?id=8RFuAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=Mithuben+Petit |archive-date=30 April 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Mankekar2002">{{cite book |author=Mankekar |first=Kamla |author-link=Kamla Mankekar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2P8pAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=Mithuben+ |title=Women pioneers in India's renaissance, as I remember her: contributions from eminent women of present-day India |publisher=National Book Trust, India |year=2002 |isbn=978-81-237-3766-9 |access-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430025223/https://books.google.com/books?id=2P8pAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=Mithuben%20 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> who famously participated in [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s [[Salt March|Dandi March]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mahatma Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu and Mithuben Petit |url=https://www.gandhiheritageportal.org/photosdetail/MTU5/audio |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430025235/https://www.gandhiheritageportal.org/photosdetail/MTU5/audio |archive-date=30 April 2021 |access-date=2017-07-02 |publisher=gandhiheritageportal.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Jain |first=Simmi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-vDiqxmuQmIC&amp;pg=PA143 |title=women pioneers in India's resistance |publisher=Kalpaz Publications |year=2003 |isbn=9788178351742}}</ref> Petit along with [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s wife, [[Kasturba Gandhi]], and [[Sarojini Naidu]] played a major part in the [[Salt March]],<ref name="hindu">{{cite news |last1=Gandhi |first1=Gopalkrishna |date=5 April 2010 |title=The Great Dandi March – eighty years after |url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/The-Great-Dandi-March-mdash-eighty-years-after/article16364352.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321153211/http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/The-Great-Dandi-March-mdash-eighty-years-after/article16364352.ece |archive-date=21 March 2018 |access-date=2017-07-02 |work=thehindu.com}}</ref> with Kasturba Gandhi beginning the march at [[Sabarmati]], Sarojini Naidu lifting the salt for the first time at Dandi on 6 April 1930 and Petit standing behind [[Mahatma Gandhi]] when he repeated the violation at Bhimrad on 9 April 1930. The march was one of the most important event in the Indian independence movement.<ref name="google" /> In a time when women were required to take a back seat (due to the patriarchal culture at that time in India), Petit was one of the three women who played a pivotal role in the march and the [[civil disobedience]] against tax on salt.<ref name="hindu" /> Petit participated in the [[Bardoli Satyagraha]] of 1928 which was a no-tax campaign against the [[British Raj]] where she worked under the guidance of [[Sardar Patel]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jain |first1=Simmi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-vDiqxmuQmIC&amp;pg=PA143 |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Women Through the Ages: Period of freedom struggle |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |year=2003 |isbn=9788178351742 |page=143}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mufti Abdul Razzaq]]
|He participated in the freedom struggle taking part in a fight against the British near Bhopal's Qazi camp.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Abdul Mabood Qasmi |title=Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Halāt-o-Khidmāt m'a Tārīkh Tarjuma wāli Masjid |publisher=Jamia Islamia Arabia |edition=June 2010 |location=Bhopal |pages=241–242 |language=ur |trans-title=Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Life and services; and the history of Tarjuma wāli Masjid}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari]]
|During the Indian Independence Movement, he served as the president of both the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League. He was a political figure and patriot from India. He was one of Jamia Millia Islamia University's founders.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2002-03-07 |title=Dr M A Ansari |url=http://www.congresssandesh.com/AICC/history/presidents/dr_m_a_ansari.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020307133839/http://www.congresssandesh.com/AICC/history/presidents/dr_m_a_ansari.htm |archive-date=2002-03-07 |access-date=2024-02-05}}</ref>
|}
 
=== P ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]]|| he was the preeminent leader of [[Civil disobedience|nonviolent civil disobedience]] and led the final struggle of India to independence.
|[[Pazhassi Raja]]
|He used [[guerrilla warfare]] to fight the British in the [[Cotiote War]] (Kottayathu war, 1793–1805) to preserve the independence of his kingdom. He was killed at Mavila Thodu at the present [[Kerala]]-[[Karnataka]] border.<ref>{{Cite news |last=S |first=Nileena M. |date=2011-10-24 |title=Remembering a warrior regent |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/remembering-a-warrior-regent/article2567368.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929105426/https://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/remembering-a-warrior-regent/article2567368.ece |archive-date=29 September 2021 |access-date=2020-08-19 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi]] ||The founder of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]], he participated in the Battle of Shamli.<ref name="najmul">{{cite book |author1=Najmul Hasan Thanwi |title=Maidan-e-Shamli-o-Thana Bhawan awr Sarfaroshan-e-Islam |publisher=Idara Talifat-e-Ashrafia |location=[[Thana Bhawan]] |page=16,17 |language=ur}}</ref>
|[[Pir of Pagaro VI]]  
|A spiritual leader of the [[Hurs]] during the Indian independence movement
|-
|-
| [[Mithuben Petit]] || Hailing from the Parsi Zoroastrian community, [[Mithuben Petit]] was a female activist in the [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]] movement,<ref name=google>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8RFuAAAAMAAJ&q=Mithuben+Petit | title=Women in India's freedom struggle|publisher=Allied Publishers|first=Nawaz B.|last=Mody|isbn=9788177640700|date=2000}}</ref><ref name="Mankekar2002">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2P8pAAAAYAAJ&q=Mithuben+|title=Women pioneers in India's renaissance, as I remember her: contributions from eminent women of present-day India|author=Mankekar|first=Kamla|publisher=National Book Trust, India|year=2002|isbn=978-81-237-3766-9|author-link=Kamla Mankekar}}</ref> who famously participated in [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s [[Salt March|Dandi March]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gandhiheritageportal.org/photosdetail/MTU5/audio | title=Mahatma Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu and Mithuben Petit | publisher=gandhiheritageportal.org | access-date=2017-07-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-vDiqxmuQmIC&pg=PA143 | title=women pioneers in India's resistance | publisher=Kalpaz Publications | first=Simmi | last=Jain | year=2003| isbn=9788178351742}}</ref> Petit along with [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s wife, [[Kasturba Gandhi]], and [[Sarojini Naidu]] played a major part in the [[Salt March]],<ref name=hindu/> with Kasturba Gandhi beginning the march at [[Sabarmati]], Sarojini Naidu lifting the salt for the first time at Dandi on 6 April 1930 and Petit standing behind [[Mahatma Gandhi]] when he repeated the violation at Bhimrad on 9 April 1930. The march was one of the most important event in the Indian independence movement.<ref name=google/> In a time when women were required to take a back seat (due to the patriarchal culture at that time in India), Petit was one of the three women who played a pivotal role in the march and the [[civil disobedience]] against tax on salt.<ref name=hindu>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/The-Great-Dandi-March-mdash-eighty-years-after/article16364352.ece | title=The Great Dandi March – eighty years after | work=thehindu.com | date=5 April 2010 | access-date=2017-07-02| last1=Gandhi | first1=Gopalkrishna }}</ref> Petit participated in the [[Bardoli Satyagraha]] of 1928 which was a no-tax campaign against the [[British Raj]] where she worked under the guidance of [[Sardar Patel]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-vDiqxmuQmIC&pg=PA143| title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Women Through the Ages: Period of freedom struggle| isbn=9788178351742| last1=Jain| first1=Simmi| year=2003|page=143}}</ref>
|[[Prabhavati Devi]]
|A [[Gandhism|Gandhian]] leader, she was the wife of activist [[Jayaprakash Narayan]].
|-
|-
| [[Mufti Abdul Razzaq]] || He participated in the freedom struggle taking part in a fight against the British near Bhopal's Qazi camp.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Abdul Mabood Qasmi |title=Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Halāt-o-Khidmāt m'a Tārīkh Tarjuma wāli Masjid|trans-title= Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Life and services; and the history of Tarjuma wāli Masjid|publisher=Jamia Islamia Arabia |pages=241–242|location=Bhopal |edition=June 2010|language=ur}}</ref>
|[[Prafulla Chaki]]
|A revolutionary, he killed two innocents in a mistargetted assassination bombing.
|-
|-
|[[Pazhassi Raja]] ||He used [[guerrilla warfare]] to fight the British in the [[Cotiote War]] (Kottayathu war, 1793–1805) to preserve the independence of his kingdom. He was killed at Mavila Thodu at the present [[Kerala]]-[[Karnataka]] border.<ref>{{Cite news|last=S|first=Nileena M.|date=2011-10-24|title=Remembering a warrior regent|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/remembering-a-warrior-regent/article2567368.ece|access-date=2020-08-19|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|[[Pravanalini Bhandari]]
|A revolutionary, she participated in the [[Salt March]].
|-
|-
|[[Prabhavati Devi]] || A [[Gandhism|Gandhian]] leader, she was the wife of activist [[Jayaprakash Narayan]].
|[[Pritilata Waddedar]]
|A Bengali revolutionary, she led the attack on the European Club in [[Pahartali Thana|Pahartali]] and committed suicide to avoid capture.
|-
|-
| [[Prafulla Chaki]] || A revolutionary, he killed two innocents in a mistargetted assassination bombing.
|[[Puli Thevar]]
|He is notable for leading a revolt against Company rule at 1757 in India.he was the first Indian to fight against the British.
|}
 
=== R ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Pritilata Waddedar]] || A Bengali revolutionary, she led the attack on the European Club in [[Pahartali Thana|Pahartali]] and committed suicide to avoid capture.
|[[Radhanath Rath]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ghuAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA20 |title=Freedom Fighters Remember |date=1997 |publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India |isbn=978-81-230-0575-1 |language=en}}</ref>
|He played a vital role in the freedom struggle by creating public opinion against the British government through his writings in 'samaja'.
 
|-
|-
| [[Puli Thevar]] ||
|[[Raja Nahar Singh]]
He is notable for leading a revolt against Company rule at 1757 in India.he was the first Indian to fight against the British.
|A Great [[Jat]] Ruler of the princely state of [[Ballabhgarh]], he had secured the road from Delhi Gate (Delhi) to Bhadrapur (Bharatpur), who drove the British away from the parganas of Pali (Rajasthan), Palwal and Fatehpur.<ref>[[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=May 2021}}
|-
|-
|Radhanath Rath<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ghuAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA20|title=Freedom Fighters Remember|date=1997|publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|isbn=978-81-230-0575-1|language=en}}</ref>
|[[Rajendra Lahiri]]
|He played a vital role in the freedom struggle by creating public opinion against the British government through his writings in 'samaja'
|A revolutionary, he participated in the Kakori conspiracy.
|-
|-
|[[Raja Nahar Singh]] || A Great [[Jat]] Ruler of the princely state of [[Ballabhgarh]], he had secured the road from Delhi Gate (Delhi) to Bhadrapur (Bharatpur), who drove the British away from the parganas of Pali (Rajasthan), Palwal and Fatehpur.<ref>[[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=May 2021}}
|[[Rambriksh Benipuri]]
|He was a writer in Hindi, an editor for Socialist Leader, and a liberation fighter.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Ram Bachan |title=Ramvriksh Benipuri |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |year=1995 |isbn=81-7201-974-2 |page=66}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Rajendra Lahiri]] || A revolutionary, he participated in the Kakori conspiracy.
|[[Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav]]
|A veteran freedom fighter, Shri Yadav participated in India's freedom struggle.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Regarding Passing Away Of Shri Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav, Member 10 Th Lok ... on 2 March, 2006 |url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/859615/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929105433/https://indiankanoon.org/doc/859615/ |archive-date=29 September 2021 |access-date= |website=}}</ref>
|-
|-
|[[Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav]]||A veteran freedom fighter, Shri Yadav participated in India's freedom struggle.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Regarding Passing Away Of Shri Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav, Member 10 Th Lok ... on 2 March, 2006|url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/859615/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref>
|[[Ram Prasad Bismil]]
|The founder of the HRA, he led the [[Kakori conspiracy]] in an attempt to raise funds for revolutionary operations.
|-
|-
| [[Ram Prasad Bismil]] || The founder of the HRA, he led the [[Kakori conspiracy]] in an attempt to raise funds for revolutionary operations.
|[[Ramesh Chandra Jha]]
|A poet and veteran freedom fighter, he actively participated and fought for independence during Quit India movement of 1942.
|-
|-
| [[Ramesh Chandra Jha]] || An activist, he was a member of the Quit India movement.
|[[Rani of Jhansi]]
|One of the Pivotal Leaders of the First war of Independence of 1857.
|-
|-
| [[Rani of Jhansi]] || One of the Pivotal Leaders of the First war of Independence of 1857.
|[[Rash Behari Bose]]
|A revolutionary, he helped form the [[Indian National Army]] in Imperial Japan.
|-
|-
| [[Rash Behari Bose]] || A revolutionary, he helped form the [[Indian National Army]] in Imperial Japan.
|[[Rosamma Punnoose]]
|An activist, she campaigned for independence.
|-
|-
| [[Rosamma Punnoose]] || An activist, she campaigned for independence.
|[[Roshan Singh]]
|A revolutionary who was among those executed for the [[Kakori conspiracy]], though he had not taken part in it.
|}
 
=== S ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Roshan Singh]] || A revolutionary who was among those executed for the [[Kakori conspiracy]], though he had not taken part in it.
|[[Subhas Chandra Bose]]
|A nationalist, he founded the [[Indian Legion]] in [[Nazi Germany]] and revamped the [[Indian National Army]] in [[Imperial Japan]].
|-
|-
| [[S. Satyamurti]] || A politician, he campaigned for independence.<ref>{{cite news |date=28 March 1943 |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1943/03/28/83911189.html?pageNumber=24 |title=S, SATYAMURTI; Indian Political Leader, 56, Long Active in Civil Disobedience |newspaper=The New York Times}} {{Subscription required}}</ref>
|[[S. Satyamurti]]
|A politician, he campaigned for independence.<ref>{{cite news |date=28 March 1943 |title=S, SATYAMURTI; Indian Political Leader, 56, Long Active in Civil Disobedience |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1943/03/28/83911189.html?pageNumber=24 |newspaper=The New York Times}} {{Subscription required}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Sachindra Bakshi]] || A member of the HRA, he took part in the [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|[[Sachindra Bakshi]]
|A member of the HRA, he took part in the [[Kakori conspiracy]].
|-
|-
|[[Sangolli Rayanna]]|| The army chief of [[Kittur]], who fought the British East India Company until his death.
|[[Sangolli Rayanna]]
|The army chief of [[Kittur]], who fought the British East India Company until his death.
|-
|-
| [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel]] || [[The Iron man of India]], he fought for independence and Unified India into one sovereign Nation .
|[[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel]]
|The Iron man of India, he fought for independence and Unified India into one sovereign Nation .
|-
|-
|[[Sarojini Naidu]] || An activist, she called for independence in her writing and was a major figure of the civil disobedience movement.
|[[Sarojini Naidu]]
|An activist, she called for independence in her writing and was a major figure of the civil disobedience movement.
|-
|-
| [[Shambhu Dutt Sharma]] || A former British Indian Army officer, he joined the Quit India Movement in 1942.
|[[Shambhu Dutt Sharma]]
|A former British Indian Army officer, he joined the Quit India Movement in 1942.
|-
|-
| [[Shaukat Ali (politician)|Shaukat Ali]] || An activist and revolutionary, he campaigned for independence and supplied weapons to revolutionaries.<ref>[http://www.royalbook.com.pk/bookpage.aspx?TID=95 Brief History of Shaukat Ali],[http://storyofpakistan.com/maulana-shaukat-ali], [http://indianprofiles.blogspot.in/2007/04/maulana-shaukat-ali.html]</ref>
|[[Shivaram Rajguru]]
|A revolutionary, he was an HSRA member and assassinated a British police officer in the [[Indian Imperial Police]].
|-
|-
| [[Shivaram Rajguru]] || A revolutionary, he was an HSRA member and assassinated a British police officer in the [[Indian Imperial Police]].
|[[Shyamji Krishna Varma]]
|A nationalist, he founded the [[Indian Home Rule Society]], [[India House]] and ''[[The Indian Sociologist]]'' in London.
|-
|-
| [[Shyamji Krishna Varma]] || A nationalist, he founded the [[Indian Home Rule Society]], [[India House]] and ''[[The Indian Sociologist]]'' in London.
|[[Sri Aurobindo]]
|A nationalist, he was arrested for leading the [[Alipore bomb conspiracy]].
|-
|-
| [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] || A nationalist, he founded the [[Indian Legion]] in [[Nazi Germany]] and revamped the [[Indian National Army]] in [[Imperial Japan]].
|[[Subodh Roy]]
|A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid and later the [[Tebhaga movement]].
|-
|-
| [[Sri Aurobindo]] || A nationalist, he was arrested for leading the [[Alipore bomb conspiracy]].
|[[Subramania Bharati]]
|A writer and activist who created many patriotic and nationalistic songs during the independence movement.
|-
|-
| [[Subodh Roy]] || A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid and later the [[Tebhaga movement]].
|[[Sukhdev Thapar]]
|A revolutionary, he was a senior member of HSRA and participated in several actions before his execution.
|-
|-
| [[Subramania Bharati]] ||A writer and activist who created many patriotic and nationalistic songs during the independence movement.  
|[[Surendranath Tagore]]
|A nationalist, he served as treasurer of the Anushilan Samiti.
|-
|-
| [[Sukhdev Thapar]] || A revolutionary, he was a senior member of HSRA and participated in several actions before his execution.
|[[Surya Sen]]
|President of INC [[Chittagong]] Branch, he led the [[Chittagong armoury raid]].
|-
|-
| [[Surendranath Tagore]] || A nationalist, he served as treasurer of the Anushilan Samiti.
|[[Sushila Chain Trehan]]
|An activist, she was a leading member of [[Arya Samaj]] and also fought for women's rights.
|-
|-
| [[Surya Sen]] || President of INC [[Chittagong]] Branch, he led the [[Chittagong armoury raid]].
|[[Sushila Didi]]
|A revolutionary, participated in the [[Civil Disobedience Movement]] under the pseudonym of 'Indumati' and was arrested.
|-
|-
| [[Sushila Chain Trehan]] || An activist, she was a leading member of [[Arya Samaj]] and also fought for women's rights.
|[[Swami Shraddhanand]]
|An activist, he started a protest in front of a posse of Gurkha soldiers at the Clock Tower in [[Chandni Chowk]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=G.S.Chhabra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e08-yhBFfpAC&amp;pg=PA227 |title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-3: 1920-1947) |date=2005 |publisher=Lotus Press |isbn=978-81-89093-08-2 |language=en}}</ref>
|}
 
=== T ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Sushila Didi]] || A revolutionary, participated in the [[Civil Disobedience Movement]] under the pseudonym of 'Indumati' and was arrested.
|[[Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu]]
|An Indian politician, he became known as "Andhra Kesari" (lion of Andhra) for leading protests against the Simon Commission in Madras.
|-
|-
|[[Swami Shraddhanand]] ||An activist, he started a protest in front of a posse of Gurkha soldiers at the Clock Tower in [[Chandni Chowk]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=G.S.Chhabra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e08-yhBFfpAC&pg=PA227|title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-3: 1920-1947)|date=2005|publisher=Lotus Press|isbn=978-81-89093-08-2|language=en}}</ref>
|[[Tara Rani Srivastava]]
|An activist, she was part of the Quit India movement.
|-
|-
| [[Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu]] || An Indian politician, he became known as "Andhra Kesari" (lion of Andhra) for leading protests against the Simon Commission in Madras.
|[[Tatya Tope]]
|A notable commander in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].
|-
|-
|[[Tara Rani Srivastava]] || An activist, she was part of the Quit India movement.
|[[Titumir]]
|A freedom fighter who led a campaign against British rule during the 19th century, he eventually built a bamboo fort in Narikelberia village which became the subject of [[Bangladeshi folk literature|Bengali folk legend]]. Titumir died of wounds following the storming of the fort by British soldiers.
|-
|-
| [[Titumir]] || A freedom fighter who led a campaign against British rule during the 19th century, he eventually built a bamboo fort in Narikelberia village which became the subject of [[Bangladeshi folk literature|Bengali folk legend]]. Titumir died of wounds following the storming of the fort by British soldiers.
|[[Titusji]]
|An activist, he was among the 78 marchers selected by [[Mahatma Gandhi]] to take part in the 1930 [[Salt March]].
|-
|-
| [[Titusji]] || An activist, he was among the 78 marchers selected by [[Mahatma Gandhi]] to take part in the 1930 [[Salt March]].  
|[[T. V. Thomas]]
|One of the first generation [[Trade unions in India|trade union leaders]] in Kerala and was actively involved in the [[Indian independence movement]].{{relevance inline|date=September 2020|It is a very minor note in the subject's article, does not appear notable for inclusion on this list – otherwise this list would quickly become cluttered.}}
|-
|-
| [[T. V. Thomas]] || One of the first generation [[Trade unions in India|trade union leaders]] in Kerala and was actively involved in the [[Indian independence movement]].{{relevance inline|date=September 2020|It is a very minor note in the subject's article, does not appear notable for inclusion on this list – otherwise this list would quickly become cluttered.}}
|[[U. Muthuramalingam Thevar|Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar]]
|A leader of the socialist [[All India Forward Bloc]], he was arrested and jailed by the British.
|}
 
=== U ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
|[[U. Muthuramalingam Thevar|Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar]] ||A leader of the socialist [[All India Forward Bloc]], he was arrested and jailed by the British.
|[[Ubaidullah Sindhi]]
|An activist, he sought independence through foreign alliance in the [[Silk Letter Movement]].
|-
|-
| [[Ubaidullah Sindhi]] || An activist, he sought independence through foreign alliance in the [[Silk Letter Movement]].
|[[Udham Singh]]
|A revolutionary assassin, he was executed for the Caxton Hall shooting.
|-
|-
| [[Udham Singh]] || A revolutionary assassin, he was executed for the Caxton Hall shooting.
|[[Ullaskar Dutta]]
|A revolutionary bomb-maker, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
|-
|-
| [[Ullaskar Dutta]]  || A revolutionary bomb-maker, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
|[https://books.google.com/books?id=3ghuAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA16 Ulloor Gopi]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ghuAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA16 |title=Freedom Fighters Remember |date=1997 |publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India |isbn=978-81-230-0575-1 |language=en |access-date=11 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409051139/https://books.google.com/books?id=3ghuAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA16 |archive-date=9 April 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|A freedom fighter from [[kerala]]. Born in a rich aristocratic family, Ulloor gopi was drawn towards the national struggle by socialist thoughts. He was arrested five times by the British, in [[Quit India Movement]] his contributions could be called historical.
|-
|-
|[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=3ghuAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA16#v=onepage&q&f=false Ulloor Gopi]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ghuAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA16|title=Freedom Fighters Remember|date=1997|publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|isbn=978-81-230-0575-1|language=en}}</ref>
|[[Umaji Naik Khomane]]
|A freedom fighter from [[kerala]]. Born in rich aristocratic family, Ulloor gopi was drawn towards the national struggle by socialist thoughts. He was arrested five times by British, in [[Quit India Movement]] his contributions could be called historical.
|Umaji was the first Ramoshi Freedom Fighter who fought against British Council. Umaji Naik, known honorifically as Vishwa Krantiveer Narveer Raje Umaji Naik (7 September 1791 – 3 February 1832), was an Indian [[Revolutionary movement for Indian independence|revolutionary]] who challenged the [[British Raj|British rule]] in India around 1826 to 1832. He was one of the earliest freedom fighter of India. He fought against [[East India Company|East India company]] and [[Company rule in India|company rule]]
|-
|-
||[[Umaji Naik Khomane]] ||First Ramoshi Freedom Fighter who fought against British Council '''Umaji Naik''' also known as honorifically vishwa '''krantiveer narveer Raje Umaji Naik''' (7 September 1791 – 3 February 1832) was an Indian [[Revolutionary movement for Indian independence|revolutionary]] who challenged the [[British Raj|British rule]] in India around 1826 to 1832.He was one of the earliest freedom fighter of India.He fought against [[East India Company|East India company]] and [[Company rule in India|company rule]]
|[[Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy]]
|He led an uprising in [[Andhra Pradesh]] in 1846 and was executed by the British.<ref name="Ramachandran2008">{{Cite book |last=Ramachandran |first=D. P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q7EiZmcMPMC&amp;q=Uyyalawada+Narasimha+Reddy&amp;pg=PA121 |title=Empire's First Soldiers |date=2008 |publisher=Lancer Publishers |isbn=9780979617478 |pages=121 |language=en |access-date=30 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929105433/https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q7EiZmcMPMC&amp;q=Uyyalawada+Narasimha+Reddy&amp;pg=PA121 |archive-date=29 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy]] ||He led an uprising in [[Andhra Pradesh]] in 1846 and was executed by the British.<ref name=Ramachandran2008>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q7EiZmcMPMC&q=Uyyalawada+Narasimha+Reddy&pg=PA121|title=Empire's First Soldiers|last=Ramachandran|first=D. P.|date=2008|publisher=Lancer Publishers|isbn=9780979617478|pages=121|language=en}}</ref>
|[[Uzair Gul Peshawari]]
|An activist, he was imprisoned for the Silk Letter Movement.<ref name="asiran">{{cite book |author1=Muhammad Miyan Deobandi |author-link1=Muhammad Miyan Deobandi |title=Asiran-e-Malta |publisher=Naimia Book Depot |edition=January 2002 |location=[[Deoband]] |pages=367–376 |language=ur |trans-title=Prisoners of Malta |chapter=Mawlana Uzair Gul}}</ref>
|}
 
=== V ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Name
!Activity
|-
|-
| [[Uzair Gul Peshawari]] || An activist, he was imprisoned for the Silk Letter Movement.<ref name="asiran">{{cite book |author1=Muhammad Miyan Deobandi |author-link1=Muhammad Miyan Deobandi |title=Asiran-e-Malta |trans-title = Prisoners of Malta |publisher=Naimia Book Depot |location=[[Deoband]] |pages=367–376 |edition=January 2002 |language=ur |chapter=Mawlana Uzair Gul}}</ref>
|[[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai]]
|A hardline politician of the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC), he launched the [[Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company]] in defiance of the British trade monopoly.<ref>{{Cite report |last=Duraichi |first=Paul |date=2019-09-05 |title=Parturition of V.O. Chidambaram Pillai Steam Navigation Company in Indian Freedom Struggle Movement |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336374219}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai]] ||A hardline politician of the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC), he launched the [[Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company]] in defiance of the British trade monopoly.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Duraichi|first=Paul|date=2019-09-05|title=Parturition of V.O.Chidambaram Pillai Steam Navigation Company in Indian Freedom Struggle Movement|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336374219}}</ref>
|[[Vanchinathan]]
|A revolutionary assassin, he committed suicide after killing a British colonial administrator and tax collector, [[Robert Ashe (administrator)|Robert Ashe]].
|-
|-
| [[Vanchinathan]] || A revolutionary assassin, he committed suicide after killing a British colonial administrator and tax collector, [[Robert Ashe (administrator)|Robert Ashe]].
|[[Vasakha Singh Dadehar]]
|A [[Ghadar Movement|Gadhari]] revolutionary played a role in organizing [[Ghadar Mutiny|armed rebellion]] against British rule. Arrested in [[Lahore Conspiracy Case trial|Lahore Conspiracy case]]
|-
|-
| [[Vasudev Balwant Phadke]] || A Ramoshi revolutionary, he organized an insurgent group against British rule
|[[Vasudev Balwant Phadke]]
|A Ramoshi revolutionary, he organized an insurgent group against British rule
|-
|-
| [[Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji]] || He seized control of a large area from the British rule and set up a parallel government of his Malayalam State in [[Malabar Coast|Malabar]], named '[[:ml:മലയാള രാജ്യം|Malayala Rajyam]]' and now part of the [[Kerala State]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/opinion/op-eds/trouble-with-being-a-muslim-freedom-fighter-in-india-the-story-of-variyan-kunnathu-kunjahammed-haji-1.73731307|title=Trouble with being a Muslim freedom fighter in India: The story of Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji|website=gulfnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2020/jun/28/variyamkunnathu-kunjahammed-haji-freedom-fighter-or-religious-fanatic-2162403.html|title=Variyamkunnathu Kunjahammed Haji: Freedom fighter or religious fanatic?|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/100-years-later-malabar-rebellion-fights-for-screen-space/article31901037.ece|title=100 years later, Malabar Rebellion fights for screen space|newspaper=The Hindu|date=23 June 2020|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
|[[Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji]]
|He seized control of a large area from the British rule and set up a parallel government of his Malayalam State in [[Malabar Coast|Malabar]], named '[[:ml:മലയാള രാജ്യം|Malayala Rajyam]]' and now part of the [[Kerala State]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2020 |title=Trouble with being a Muslim freedom fighter in India: The story of Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji |url=https://gulfnews.com/opinion/op-eds/trouble-with-being-a-muslim-freedom-fighter-in-india-the-story-of-variyan-kunnathu-kunjahammed-haji-1.73731307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210909123538/https://gulfnews.com/opinion/op-eds/trouble-with-being-a-muslim-freedom-fighter-in-india-the-story-of-variyan-kunnathu-kunjahammed-haji-1.73731307 |archive-date=9 September 2021 |access-date=11 September 2021 |website=gulfnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2020 |title=Variyamkunnathu Kunjahammed Haji: Freedom fighter or religious fanatic? |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2020/jun/28/variyamkunnathu-kunjahammed-haji-freedom-fighter-or-religious-fanatic-2162403.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911131714/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2020/jun/28/variyamkunnathu-kunjahammed-haji-freedom-fighter-or-religious-fanatic-2162403.html |archive-date=11 September 2021 |access-date=11 September 2021 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=23 June 2020 |title=100 years later, Malabar Rebellion fights for screen space |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/100-years-later-malabar-rebellion-fights-for-screen-space/article31901037.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911131708/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/100-years-later-malabar-rebellion-fights-for-screen-space/article31901037.ece |archive-date=11 September 2021 |access-date=11 September 2021 |newspaper=The Hindu |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
|-
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| [[Velu Nachiyar]] ||
|[[Velu Nachiyar]]
She was a queen of Sivaganga estate from c. 1780–1790. She was the first Indian queen to wage war with the East India Company in India.She is known by Tamils  as Veeramangai ("brave woman")
|She was a queen of Sivaganga estate from c. 1780–1790. She was the first Indian queen to wage war with the East India Company in India.She is known by Tamils  as Veeramangai ("brave woman").
|-
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|[[Veerapandiya Kattabomman]] ||He refused to accept the sovereignty of the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] and waged a war against the British.<ref name="Kumar2017">{{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Madhan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ8rDwAAQBAJ&q=thevar+army&pg=PA107|title=Thamizh Is Not Just A Language: The Valour|date=2017|publisher=Educreation Publishing|language=en}}</ref>
|[[Veerapandiya Kattabomman]]
|He refused to accept the sovereignty of the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] and waged a war against the British.<ref name="Kumar2017">{{Cite book |last=Kumar |first=Madhan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ8rDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=thevar+army&amp;pg=PA107 |title=Thamizh Is Not Just A Language: The Valour |date=2017 |publisher=Educreation Publishing |language=en |access-date=30 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929105434/https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ8rDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=thevar+army&amp;pg=PA107 |archive-date=29 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
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|[[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]] ||He was an Independence activist, politician and a [[Hindu nationalism|Hindu Nationalist]]. He published books advocating complete Indian independence by revolutionary means. One of the books he published called [[The Indian War of Independence (book)|The Indian War of Independence]]  about the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian rebellion of 1857]]. In 1910, Savarkar was arrested and ordered to be extradited to India for his connections with the revolutionary freedom group [[India House]]. He was later sentenced to a total 50 years imprisonment at the [[Cellular Jail]]
|[[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]]
|He was an Independence activist, politician and a [[Hindu nationalism|Hindu Nationalist]]. He published books advocating complete Indian independence by revolutionary means. One of the books he published called [[The Indian War of Independence (book)|The Indian War of Independence]]  about the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian rebellion of 1857]]. In 1910, Savarkar was arrested and ordered to be extradited to India for his connections with the revolutionary freedom group [[India House]]. He was sentenced to a total 50 years imprisonment at the [[Cellular Jail]] but later released on the promise of renouncing violence.<ref>{{cite news |date=3 May 2002 |title=Savarkar had begged the British for mercy. |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Savarkar-had-begged-the-British-for-mercy/articleshow/8792427.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522131912/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Savarkar-had-begged-the-British-for-mercy/articleshow/8792427.cms |archive-date=22 May 2023 |access-date=22 May 2023 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|}
|}


Latest revision as of 10:57, 22 March 2026


Template:List scope

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

The Indian independence movement consisted of efforts by individuals and organizations from a wide spectrum of society to obtain political independence from the British, French and Portuguese rule through the use of many methods. This is a list of individuals who notably campaigned against or are considered to have campaigned against colonial rule on the Indian sub-continent.

Post-independence, the term "freedom fighter" was officially recognized by the Indian government for those who took part in the movement; people in this category (which can also include dependent family members)[1] receive pensions and other benefits such as Special Railway Counters.[2]

Bhagat Singh
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Chandra Shekhar Azad
Subhas Chandra Bose
V.O. Chidambaram Pillai
Rani of Jhansi

List[edit | edit source]

A[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Ambika Chakrabarty A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armory raid.
Alluri Sitarama Raju He led the Rampa Rebellion of 1922.
Amarendranath Chatterjee A revolutionary, he raised funds and took part in the Indo-German Conspiracy.
Anant Laxman Kanhere A revolutionary assassin, he was executed by the colonial government for the murder of a British officer [[A.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;T. Jackson]].
Anant Maral Shastri He participated in the Quit India Movement and used his writings to inspire nationalistic sentiments. As a journalist, he worked with several newspapers to spread awareness against British rule.[3]
Ananta Singh A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
Anjana Devi Chaudhry She was the first woman from Rajasthan state to be arrested during freedom struggle. She was also involved in Bijolia movement and led a procession of 500 women in Bijolia
Anugrah Narayan Sinha A prominent revolutionary from Bihar known as Bihar Vibhuti. He was a Gandhian and participated in Champaran Satyagraha in 1917.
Atulkrishna Ghosh A revolutionary, he took part in the Indo-German Conspiracy.
Abdur Rauf Danapuri He was involved in India's independence movement and opposed British rule. In 1921, he was arrested along with Maulana Azad and Subhas Chandra Bose and was imprisoned for six months.[4]

B[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Babu Bhoop Singh Ruler of Kohra (estate) and leader in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Badal Gupta A revolutionary, he died in an attack on police at Writers' Building.
Bagha Jatin A founding member of Anushilan Samiti, convicted in the Howrah-Sibpur conspiracy case and a participant in the Indo-German Conspiracy.
Baldev Ram Mirdha He mobilised farmers against british colonial and feudal policies through the Kisan Sabha
Baikuntha Shukla A revolutionary, he was executed for murdering a government witness.
Bal Gangadhar Tilak A nationalist, he campaigned for Swaraj (self-rule).
Begum Hazrat Mahal Also known as the Begum of Awadh, she was the second wife of Nawab of Awadh Wajid Ali Shah, and the regent of Awadh in 1857–1858. She is known for the leading role she had in the rebellion against the British East India Company during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee A nationalist, he wrote Vande Mataram which inspired many activists and became the national song of India.
Barindra Kumar Ghosh A revolutionary organizer, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
Basawon Singh An activist, he was convicted in the Lahore Conspiracy Case trial.
Batukeshwar Dutt An Indian revolutionary participating in an armed struggle against British rule in India, he threw a bomb in the Central Assembly in 1929.
Benoy Basu A revolutionary, he died following an attack on police at Writers' Building.
Bhabini Mahato A freedom fighter and activist who participated in the Quit India Movement of 1942 and the Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)
Bhagat Singh A socialist, anarchist and Marxist revolutionary who worked with several revolutionary organisations and became prominent in the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).
Bhagwati Charan Vohra A revolutionary ideologue and bomb-maker, he wrote the article "The Philosophy of Bomb".
Bhavabhushan Mitra Ghadar Mutiny[citation needed]
Bhikaiji Cama Bhikaiji Cama was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) in a large, affluent Parsi Zoroastrian family.[5] While in London recovering from the plague, she met Dadabhai Naoroji, then president of the British Committee of the Indian National Congress, and for whom she came to work as private secretary. Together with Naoroji and Singh Rewabhai Rana, Cama supported the founding of Varma's Indian Home Rule Society in February 1905. She was denied re-entry to India after refusing to sign a statement pledging she would not participate in nationalist activities and, while in exile, Cama wrote, published (in the Netherlands and Switzerland) and distributed revolutionary literature for the movement, including Bande Mataram (founded in response to the Crown ban on the poem Vande Mataram) and later Madan's Talwar (in response to the execution of Madan Lal Dhingra).[6] These weeklies were smuggled into India through the French colony of Pondichéry.[citation needed] On 22 August 1907, Cama attended the second Socialist Congress at Stuttgart, Germany, where she described the devastating effects of a famine that had struck the Indian subcontinent. In her appeal for human rights, equality and for autonomy from Great Britain, she unfurled what she called the "Flag of Indian Independence".[n 1]
Bhupendranath Datta A revolutionary, he was editor of newspaper Jugantar Patrika.
Bhupendra Kumar Datta A revolutionary, editor of the publications of Anushilan Samiti.
Bina Das A revolutionary, she attempted to assassinate Bengal Governor Stanley Jackson.
Binod Bihari Chowdhury A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid.
Bipin Chandra Pal A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete Swaraj Swadeshi movement. Pal is known as the Father of Revolutionary Thoughts in India and was one of the freedom fighters of India.Bipin Chandra Pal made a strong plea for repeal of the Arms Act which was discriminatory in nature. Along with Lala Lajpat Rai and Bal Gangadhar Tilak he belonged to the Lal-Bal-Pal trio that was associated with revolutionary activity. Sri Aurobindo Ghosh and Pal were recognised as the chief exponents of a new national movement revolving around the ideals of Purna Swaraj, Swadeshi, boycott and national education. His programme consisted of Swadeshi, boycott and national education. He preached and encouraged the use of Swadeshi and the boycott of foreign goods to eradicate poverty and unemployment. He wanted to remove social evils from the form and arouse the feelings of nationalism through national criticism.

C[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Chandrashekhar Azad Indian revolutionary who reorganised the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) under its new name of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) after the death of its founder, Ram Prasad Bismil, and three other prominent party leaders, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Ashfaqulla Khan.
Chaudhary Charan Singh Singh followed Gandhi in non-violent struggle for independence from the British government and was imprisoned several times and later founded his own party Lok Dal.
Chaudhary Mohar Singh He was a rebel in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He along with Thana Bhawan Saiyed Pathans captured the Shamli tehsil from British rule for six months
Chittaranjan Das He founded the Swaraj Party and became the leader of the Non-cooperation Movement in Bengal.
Chowdary Satyanarayana He was an Indian freedom fighter, anti-colonial nationalist, politician, legislature in Andhra Pradesh Assembly (1955–62, 1967–72) and a human rights activist.

D[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Dadabhai Naoroji Known as the Grand Old Man of India, Dadabhai Naoroji was born in Navsari, Gujarat within a Parsi Zoroastrian family. He was an Indian political leader, merchant, scholar and writer who was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895 and the first Asian to be a British MP, other than the Anglo-Indian MP David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre, who was disenfranchised for corruption after nine months in office. Naoroji is renowned for his work in the Indian National Congress, of which he was one of the founding members and thrice — in 1886, 1893, and 1906 — elected president. Dadabhai Naoroji is regarded as one of the most important Indians during the birth of the nascent independence movement. In his writings, he came to the conclusion that the exertion of foreign rule over India was not favourable for the nation, and that independence (or at the very least, responsible government) would be the better path for India.
Dhan Singh Gurjar He was the police chief of Meerut, who participated in the 1857 rebellion and led initial actions against the British East India Company in Meerut.
Dheeran Chinnamalai An indigenous governor, he took part in guerrilla warfare against the British East India Company.
Dinesh Gupta A revolutionary, he was executed following an attack on police at Writers' Building.
Durgawati Devi A revolutionary, she helped operate a bomb factory.

G[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Ganesh Damodar Savarkar Founder of the Abhinav Bharat Society. He led an armed movement against the British colonial government in India, he was sentenced to transportation for life as a result. Was the brother of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar.
Ganesh Ghosh A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.
Gopinath Bordoloi He met Jawaharlal Nehru in England in 1925. He joined the Indian National Congress and actively participated in the Indian Freedom Movement. In 1942 he was arrested during the Quit India Movement and sentenced to 3+1⁄2 years imprisonment. He was the first Chief Minister of undivided Assam. He died in 1950.

H[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Habib ur Rahman He was an army officer in the Indian National Army (INA) who was charged with "waging war against His Majesty the King Emperor". He served as Subhas Chandra Bose's chief of staff in Singapore, and accompanied Bose on his last fatal flight from Taipei to Tokyo, sharing the last moments of his life.
Seth Harchandrai Vishandas A Sindhi politician and influential mayor of Karachi, he fought for Muslim-Hindu unity and the independence movement, particularly in opposing the Simon Commission of 1912. He died while travelling (against doctor's advice) to vote for its boycott.
Hare Krishna Konar A revolutionary, founder of Communist Consolidation in Andaman Cellular Jail. It is a Nationalist organisation to uproot British Raj from India.
Hemchandra Kanungo A nationalist, convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
Hemu Kalani A student revolutionary who was executed for attempted rail sabotage.

I[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi He founded the Khaksar Movement in British India.

J[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Jagjivan Ram Babuji, as he was commonly called, was a politician and Indian independence activist from Bihar. After playing a key role in the establishment of the All India Depressed Classes League in 1935, he went on to develop the rural labour movement and was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly in 1937. The league was devoted to achieving equality for untouchables.
Jatindra Nath Das An activist and revolutionary, he died during a hunger strike while awaiting trial for the Lahore conspiracy case.
Jawahar Lal Nehru An activist, he campaigned for independence and became India's first prime minister.
Jayi Rajaguru A prominent figure of the Indian independence movement in the state of Odisha.
Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee A revolutionary, he was imprisoned for the Kakori conspiracy.

K[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Kali Charan Banerjee A Bengali Christian politician, he regularly addressed the Indian National Congress annual sessions in moulding the policy of national movement.[relevant?]
Kalpana Datta Involved in the Indian Independence Movement; also part of the Chittagong armoury raid planning.
Kamal Nath Tewari He was a freedom fighter and after independence he was elected as Member of Parliament from Bagaha (Now Valmikinagar) and Bettiah (Now Paschimi Champaran) Constituency respectively he was also in the panel of LokSabha Speaker and was the president of Estimate Committee.
Kamla Beniwal She participated in Quit India Movement at the age of 15. She was awarded with the Tamra Patra by former prime minister Indira Gandhi.[7]
Kanneganti Hanumanthu A freedom fighter and farmer leader who spearheaded the Palnadu Rebellion.[8] As a part of the non-cooperation movement, Hanumanthu mobilised people to not pay the Pullari tax and organised a social boycott of British officials.[9][10] Under the leadership of Hanumanthu, the Chenchus of Nallamalla Hills fought against the British as a part of Palnadu forest satyagraha in 1921-22.[11] Executed by a firing squad of British Indian police.[8][12]
K. Kamaraj He was a freedom fighter and after independence he became as chief minister of Tamil Nadu and his rule for 9 years was the golden rule of Tamil Nadu.
Kartar Singh Sarabha A revolutionary, he helped with the Ghadar Party paper and the attempted Ghadar Mutiny.
Khudiram Bose One of the youngest revolutionary martyrs, he was executed following an attempted assassination bombing which accidentally killed two bystanders instead of his intended target, the Viceroy of Bengal.
Kittur Chennamma An Indian freedom fighter and rani of the Kittur, a former princely state in Karnataka. She led an armed force against the British East India Company in 1824 in defiance of the doctrine of lapse in an attempt to maintain Indian control over the region, but was defeated in the third war and died in prison.
Komaram Bheem A tribal leader, he fought for the liberation of Hyderabad.
Krishnaji Gopal Karve A revolutionary, he was executed as an accomplice to the murder of A.&nbsp;M.&nbsp;T. Jackson.
Babu Kunwar Singh A Rajput military commander in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Kushal Konwar An organizer of the Quit India movement, he was judged the mastermind of a troop train derailment and hanged.

L[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Lala Lajpat Rai A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete Swaraj Swadeshi movement.
Lal Bahadur Shastri He studied in East Central Railway Inter college and Harish Chandra High School, which he left to join the non-cooperation Movement. He worked for the betterment of the Harijan at Muzaffarpur and dropped his caste-derived surname of "Srivastava". Shastri's thoughts were influenced by reading about Swami Vivekanand, Mahatma Gandhi and Annie Besant. Deeply impressed and influenced by Gandhi, he joined the Indian Independence movement in the 1920s. He served as the president of Servants of the People Society (Lok Sevak Mandal), founded by Lala Lajpat Rai and held prominent positions in the Indian National Congress. Following independence in 1947, he joined the Indian government and became one of Prime Minister Nehru's key cabinet colleagues, first as Railways Minister (1951–56), and then in numerous other prominent positions, including the Home Minister.
Lokenath Bal A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid.

M[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Madhusudan Das A leader, popularly known as "Utkal Gourab". He was the first graduate and advocate of Odisha.[relevant?]
Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi Left studies on call of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the Non-Cooperation Movement in the year 1921. Founded All India Jamhur Muslim League in 1940 to counter the Lahore resolution, passed by the All-India Muslim League, for a separate Pakistan based on Muhammad Ali Jinnah's Two nation theory.[13]
Mahmud Hasan Deobandi He and his students launched the Silk Letter Movement and laid the foundation of Jamia Millia Islamia on 29&nbsp;October 1920.[14]
Mangal Pandey He rebelled against his British Indian army commanders and was executed.
Manmath Nath Gupta A member of the HRA, he took part in the Kakori conspiracy.
Matangini Hazra An activist with the Quit India Movement, she was fatally shot by British Indian police.
Maulvi Liaquat Ali A leader of the Sepoy Mutiny, he captured Khusro Bagh in Allahabad and declared the independence of India.
Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone He is the First Freedom Fighter from Kattalankulam in Thoothukudi District, was an early Chieftain and freedom fighter against the British presence in Tamil Nadu. Born into a yadav community family, he became a military leader in the town of Ettayapuram, and was defeated in battle there against the British and Maruthanayagam's forces. He was executed in 1759

In his memory, the government of Tamil Nadu conducts a Pooja ceremony every year on 11 July. A documentary film based on his life was released in 2012.

Mohammad Farooq Chishti Coming from an affluent Zamindar family, a leading Independence Activist from Eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. Mr. Chishti fought for the independence of India, actively participated in Quit India Movement and was jailed many times. He strongly opposed Jinnah's two nation theory and rejected his offer many times for ministerial positions in Pakistani Government brought by Raja of Salempur, he dedicated his life to help the underprivileged and economically backward people of India.
Maulana Mazharul Haque He was an educator, lawyer, independence activist and freedom fighter of the Indian National Movement. A stamp was issued in his honour by the Indian Postal Service in 1981 and in 1998.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi He was a lawyer, independence activist and freedom fighter of the Indian National Movement.He is known as Father of Nation.
Mithuben Petit Hailing from the Parsi Zoroastrian community, Mithuben Petit was a female activist in the Indian independence movement,[15][16] who famously participated in Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March.[17][18] Petit along with Mahatma Gandhi's wife, Kasturba Gandhi, and Sarojini Naidu played a major part in the Salt March,[19] with Kasturba Gandhi beginning the march at Sabarmati, Sarojini Naidu lifting the salt for the first time at Dandi on 6 April 1930 and Petit standing behind Mahatma Gandhi when he repeated the violation at Bhimrad on 9 April 1930. The march was one of the most important event in the Indian independence movement.[15] In a time when women were required to take a back seat (due to the patriarchal culture at that time in India), Petit was one of the three women who played a pivotal role in the march and the civil disobedience against tax on salt.[19] Petit participated in the Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928 which was a no-tax campaign against the British Raj where she worked under the guidance of Sardar Patel.[20]
Mufti Abdul Razzaq He participated in the freedom struggle taking part in a fight against the British near Bhopal's Qazi camp.[21]
Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari During the Indian Independence Movement, he served as the president of both the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League. He was a political figure and patriot from India. He was one of Jamia Millia Islamia University's founders.[22]

P[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Pazhassi Raja He used guerrilla warfare to fight the British in the Cotiote War (Kottayathu war, 1793–1805) to preserve the independence of his kingdom. He was killed at Mavila Thodu at the present Kerala-Karnataka border.[23]
Pir of Pagaro VI A spiritual leader of the Hurs during the Indian independence movement
Prabhavati Devi A Gandhian leader, she was the wife of activist Jayaprakash Narayan.
Prafulla Chaki A revolutionary, he killed two innocents in a mistargetted assassination bombing.
Pravanalini Bhandari A revolutionary, she participated in the Salt March.
Pritilata Waddedar A Bengali revolutionary, she led the attack on the European Club in Pahartali and committed suicide to avoid capture.
Puli Thevar He is notable for leading a revolt against Company rule at 1757 in India.he was the first Indian to fight against the British.

R[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Radhanath Rath[24] He played a vital role in the freedom struggle by creating public opinion against the British government through his writings in 'samaja'.
Raja Nahar Singh A Great Jat Ruler of the princely state of Ballabhgarh, he had secured the road from Delhi Gate (Delhi) to Bhadrapur (Bharatpur), who drove the British away from the parganas of Pali (Rajasthan), Palwal and Fatehpur.[25][circular reference]
Rajendra Lahiri A revolutionary, he participated in the Kakori conspiracy.
Rambriksh Benipuri He was a writer in Hindi, an editor for Socialist Leader, and a liberation fighter.[26]
Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav A veteran freedom fighter, Shri Yadav participated in India's freedom struggle.[27]
Ram Prasad Bismil The founder of the HRA, he led the Kakori conspiracy in an attempt to raise funds for revolutionary operations.
Ramesh Chandra Jha A poet and veteran freedom fighter, he actively participated and fought for independence during Quit India movement of 1942.
Rani of Jhansi One of the Pivotal Leaders of the First war of Independence of 1857.
Rash Behari Bose A revolutionary, he helped form the Indian National Army in Imperial Japan.
Rosamma Punnoose An activist, she campaigned for independence.
Roshan Singh A revolutionary who was among those executed for the Kakori conspiracy, though he had not taken part in it.

S[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Subhas Chandra Bose A nationalist, he founded the Indian Legion in Nazi Germany and revamped the Indian National Army in Imperial Japan.
S. Satyamurti A politician, he campaigned for independence.[28]
Sachindra Bakshi A member of the HRA, he took part in the Kakori conspiracy.
Sangolli Rayanna The army chief of Kittur, who fought the British East India Company until his death.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel The Iron man of India, he fought for independence and Unified India into one sovereign Nation .
Sarojini Naidu An activist, she called for independence in her writing and was a major figure of the civil disobedience movement.
Shambhu Dutt Sharma A former British Indian Army officer, he joined the Quit India Movement in 1942.
Shivaram Rajguru A revolutionary, he was an HSRA member and assassinated a British police officer in the Indian Imperial Police.
Shyamji Krishna Varma A nationalist, he founded the Indian Home Rule Society, India House and The Indian Sociologist in London.
Sri Aurobindo A nationalist, he was arrested for leading the Alipore bomb conspiracy.
Subodh Roy A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid and later the Tebhaga movement.
Subramania Bharati A writer and activist who created many patriotic and nationalistic songs during the independence movement.
Sukhdev Thapar A revolutionary, he was a senior member of HSRA and participated in several actions before his execution.
Surendranath Tagore A nationalist, he served as treasurer of the Anushilan Samiti.
Surya Sen President of INC Chittagong Branch, he led the Chittagong armoury raid.
Sushila Chain Trehan An activist, she was a leading member of Arya Samaj and also fought for women's rights.
Sushila Didi A revolutionary, participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement under the pseudonym of 'Indumati' and was arrested.
Swami Shraddhanand An activist, he started a protest in front of a posse of Gurkha soldiers at the Clock Tower in Chandni Chowk.[29]

T[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu An Indian politician, he became known as "Andhra Kesari" (lion of Andhra) for leading protests against the Simon Commission in Madras.
Tara Rani Srivastava An activist, she was part of the Quit India movement.
Tatya Tope A notable commander in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Titumir A freedom fighter who led a campaign against British rule during the 19th century, he eventually built a bamboo fort in Narikelberia village which became the subject of Bengali folk legend. Titumir died of wounds following the storming of the fort by British soldiers.
Titusji An activist, he was among the 78 marchers selected by Mahatma Gandhi to take part in the 1930 Salt March.
T. V. Thomas One of the first generation trade union leaders in Kerala and was actively involved in the Indian independence movement.[relevant?]
Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar A leader of the socialist All India Forward Bloc, he was arrested and jailed by the British.

U[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
Ubaidullah Sindhi An activist, he sought independence through foreign alliance in the Silk Letter Movement.
Udham Singh A revolutionary assassin, he was executed for the Caxton Hall shooting.
Ullaskar Dutta A revolutionary bomb-maker, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case.
Ulloor Gopi[30] A freedom fighter from kerala. Born in a rich aristocratic family, Ulloor gopi was drawn towards the national struggle by socialist thoughts. He was arrested five times by the British, in Quit India Movement his contributions could be called historical.
Umaji Naik Khomane Umaji was the first Ramoshi Freedom Fighter who fought against British Council. Umaji Naik, known honorifically as Vishwa Krantiveer Narveer Raje Umaji Naik (7 September 1791 – 3 February 1832), was an Indian revolutionary who challenged the British rule in India around 1826 to 1832. He was one of the earliest freedom fighter of India. He fought against East India company and company rule
Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy He led an uprising in Andhra Pradesh in 1846 and was executed by the British.[31]
Uzair Gul Peshawari An activist, he was imprisoned for the Silk Letter Movement.[32]

V[edit | edit source]

Name Activity
V. O. Chidambaram Pillai A hardline politician of the Indian National Congress (INC), he launched the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company in defiance of the British trade monopoly.[33]
Vanchinathan A revolutionary assassin, he committed suicide after killing a British colonial administrator and tax collector, Robert Ashe.
Vasakha Singh Dadehar A Gadhari revolutionary played a role in organizing armed rebellion against British rule. Arrested in Lahore Conspiracy case
Vasudev Balwant Phadke A Ramoshi revolutionary, he organized an insurgent group against British rule
Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji He seized control of a large area from the British rule and set up a parallel government of his Malayalam State in Malabar, named 'Malayala Rajyam' and now part of the Kerala State[34][35][36]
Velu Nachiyar She was a queen of Sivaganga estate from c. 1780–1790. She was the first Indian queen to wage war with the East India Company in India.She is known by Tamils as Veeramangai ("brave woman").
Veerapandiya Kattabomman He refused to accept the sovereignty of the British East India Company and waged a war against the British.[37]
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar He was an Independence activist, politician and a Hindu Nationalist. He published books advocating complete Indian independence by revolutionary means. One of the books he published called The Indian War of Independence about the Indian rebellion of 1857. In 1910, Savarkar was arrested and ordered to be extradited to India for his connections with the revolutionary freedom group India House. He was sentenced to a total 50 years imprisonment at the Cellular Jail but later released on the promise of renouncing violence.[38]

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "This flag is of India's independence. Behold, it is born. It is already sanctified by the blood of martyred Indian youth. I call upon you, gentlemen, to rise and salute the flag of Indian independence. In the name of this flag, I appeal to lovers of freedom all over the world to cooperate with this flag in freeing one-fifth of the human race."

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ PTI (18 August 2016). "Pension of freedom fighters hiked by Rs 5,000". The Hindu Business Line. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  2. ↑ Mitchell, Lisa (2009). Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India: The Making of a Mother Tongue. Indiana University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-253-35301-6.
  3. ↑ "Quit India Movement and the life and times of Anant Maral Shastri". 9 August 2017. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  4. ↑ Shamsi, Abul Kalam Qasmi (1995). Tazkira-e-Ulama-e-Bihar [Biographical Dictionary of the Scholars of Bihar] (in اردو). Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Balasath, Sitamarhi: Department of Publishing and Publications, Jamia Islamia Qasmia. p. 165.
  5. ↑ Yājñika, Acyuta; Sheth, Suchitra (2005). The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond. Penguin Books India. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-0-14-400038-8.
  6. ↑ Gupta, K.; Gupta, Amita, eds. (2006), Concise Encyclopaedia of India, vol. 3, New Delhi: Atlantic, p. 1015, ISBN 81-269-0639-1.
  7. ↑ "15 की उम्र में भारत छोड़ो आंदोलन का रही हिस्सा, गुजरात में मोदी से टकराईं, जानिए कौन हैं कमला बेनीवाल". Navbharat Times (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 7 April 2025.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Kanneganti Hanumanthu". Ministry of Culture, Government of India. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  9. ↑ Regani, Sarojini (1972). Highlights of the Freedom Movement in Andhra Pradesh. Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 20.
  10. ↑ Sharma, I. Mallikarjuna (2003). In Retrospect: Part. 1. Andhra Pradesh: Heroes and Heroines of Telangana Armed Struggle. Ravi Sasi Enterprises. pp. 206, 329. ISBN 978-81-88151-01-1.
  11. ↑ దుర్గరాజు, శాయి ప్రమోద్‌ (5 August 2022). "జైహింద్‌ స్పెషల్‌: వీళ్లంతటివాడు పుల్లరి హనుమంతుడు". Sakshi (in తెలుగు). Archived from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  12. ↑ "పుల్లరిపై పల్నాటి బహిష్కరణ బాణం నీళ్లు కూడా దొరకకుండా చేసి". ETV Bharat (in తెలుగు). 7 April 2022. Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  13. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Government of India. "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Unsung Hero of India's freedom struggle". amritmahotsav.nic.in. Archived from the original on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
  14. ↑ Adrawi, Asir. Hazrat Shaykh al-Hind: Hayat awr Karname [Shaykh al-Hind: Life and works] (in اردو) (April 2012 ed.). Deoband: Shaykh al-Hind Academy, Darul Uloom Deoband.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Mody, Nawaz B. (2000). Women in India's freedom struggle. Allied Publishers. ISBN 9788177640700. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  16. ↑ Mankekar, Kamla (2002). Women pioneers in India's renaissance, as I remember her: contributions from eminent women of present-day India. National Book Trust, India. ISBN 978-81-237-3766-9. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  17. ↑ "Mahatma Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu and Mithuben Petit". gandhiheritageportal.org. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
  18. ↑ Jain, Simmi (2003). women pioneers in India's resistance. Kalpaz Publications. ISBN 9788178351742.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Gandhi, Gopalkrishna (5 April 2010). "The Great Dandi March – eighty years after". thehindu.com. Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
  20. ↑ Jain, Simmi (2003). Encyclopaedia of Indian Women Through the Ages: Period of freedom struggle. Gyan Publishing House. p. 143. ISBN 9788178351742.
  21. ↑ Abdul Mabood Qasmi. Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Halāt-o-Khidmāt m'a Tārīkh Tarjuma wāli Masjid [Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Life and services; and the history of Tarjuma wāli Masjid] (in اردو) (June 2010 ed.). Bhopal: Jamia Islamia Arabia. pp. 241–242.
  22. ↑ "Dr M A Ansari". 7 March 2002. Archived from the original on 7 March 2002. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  23. ↑ S, Nileena M. (24 October 2011). "Remembering a warrior regent". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  24. ↑ Freedom Fighters Remember. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 1997. ISBN 978-81-230-0575-1.
  25. ↑ Muhammad Ali Jinnah
  26. ↑ Rai, Ram Bachan (1995). Ramvriksh Benipuri. Sahitya Akademi. p. 66. ISBN 81-7201-974-2.
  27. ↑ "Regarding Passing Away Of Shri Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav, Member 10 Th Lok ... on 2 March, 2006". Archived from the original on 29 September 2021.
  28. ↑ "S, SATYAMURTI; Indian Political Leader, 56, Long Active in Civil Disobedience". The New York Times. 28 March 1943. (subscription required)
  29. ↑ G.S.Chhabra (2005). Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-3: 1920-1947). Lotus Press. ISBN 978-81-89093-08-2.
  30. ↑ Freedom Fighters Remember. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 1997. ISBN 978-81-230-0575-1. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  31. ↑ Ramachandran, D. P. (2008). Empire's First Soldiers. Lancer Publishers. p. 121. ISBN 9780979617478. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  32. ↑ Muhammad Miyan Deobandi. "Mawlana Uzair Gul". Asiran-e-Malta [Prisoners of Malta] (in اردو) (January 2002 ed.). Deoband: Naimia Book Depot. pp. 367–376.
  33. ↑ Duraichi, Paul (5 September 2019). Parturition of V.O. Chidambaram Pillai Steam Navigation Company in Indian Freedom Struggle Movement (Report).
  34. ↑ "Trouble with being a Muslim freedom fighter in India: The story of Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji". gulfnews.com. 10 September 2020. Archived from the original on 9 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  35. ↑ "Variyamkunnathu Kunjahammed Haji: Freedom fighter or religious fanatic?". The New Indian Express. 28 June 2020. Archived from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  36. ↑ "100 years later, Malabar Rebellion fights for screen space". The Hindu. 23 June 2020. Archived from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021 – via www.thehindu.com.
  37. ↑ Kumar, Madhan (2017). Thamizh Is Not Just A Language: The Valour. Educreation Publishing. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  38. ↑ "Savarkar had begged the British for mercy". The Times of India. 3 May 2002. Archived from the original on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
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