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Annamayya district
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Annamayya district | |
|---|---|
 108 feet Annamayya statue in Rajampet | |
.svg) Location of Annamayya district in Andhra Pradesh | |
| Coordinates: 14°03′N 78°45′E / 14.05°N 78.75°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Andhra Pradesh |
| Region | Rayalaseema |
| Formed | 4 April 2022 |
| Founded by | Government of Andhra Pradesh |
| Named for | Annamacharya |
| Headquarters | Rayachoti |
| Largest city | Madanapalle |
| Administrative Divisions | |
| Government | |
| • District collector | P. S. Girisha IAS |
| • SP | R. Gangadhara Rao IPS |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Rajampeta |
| • MP | P. V. Midhun Reddy |
| • Assembly constituencies | 06 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 7,951 km2 (3,070 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 1,697,308 |
| • Density | 210/km2 (550/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Telugu |
| Literacy | |
| • Literates | 10,03,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Postal Index Number | 516XXX, 517XXX |
| Website | annamayya |
Annamayya district is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, established in 2022. Rayachoti is the district administrative headquarters and Madanapalle is the most populated City in the district.
Etymology[edit]
The district is named after the Annamacharya,[5] a 15th-century Hindu saint hailing from Tallapaka, Rajampeta and the earliest known Indian musician to compose songs called sankirtanas in praise of the Lord Venkateswara.[6]
History[edit]
Rayachoti has many Megalithic sites and stone circles. A noted megalithic site is at Devandlapalli[7] in Tsundupalle mandal of the district.
Nandalur[8] is an important Buddhist site in the district along with Tallapaka, Rajampeta, Konduru, Khazipeta in the district.
Annamayya district was formed on 4 April 2022 from parts of erstwhile Chittoor district and YSR districts as part of the reorganisation of Andhra Pradesh districts based on parliament constituency as unit.[9]
Geography[edit]
Annamayya district is the extreme southwestern district of Andhra Pradesh situated within the geographical co-ordinates of 13° 19’ 55” and 14° 42’ 32” of Northern latitude and 78° 18’ 55” and 79° 20’26” Eastern longitude.This district is part of Rayalaseema. The district is bounded on North by Kadapa District, West by Sri Sathya Sai district and South By Chikballapur district and Kolar district of Karnataka and Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh, East by Nellore and Tirupati districts Of Andhra Pradesh.[10]
Natural resources[edit]
Palakonda Hills also known as Seshachalam hills, Nallamalais and Lankamalais are the major hill ranges in the district. Cheyyeru is the main river of the district. It joins Penneru at Gundlamada in Vontimitta mandal. Bonnet monkey (MacacaRadiata) and Madras langur are commonly found. Tigers, Leopards and other wild animals can still be seen in the hill ranges. Grey partridge(Kamju in Telugu) and quail are commonly seen in the forests and countryside. Black soil occupies 23.7% area in the district. Barytes, Lime Stone and Asbestos are the major minerals. The average annual rainfall is 743.7 mm. The rainfall generally increases from the North-West to the South-East in the District.[11]
Cities and towns[edit]
There are three municipalities [12] and one nagar panchayat in the district. Template:Srn
| Ciy/Town | Civil status | Revenue Division | Population(2011) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Madanapalle | Municipality | Madanapalle | 1,80,180 |
| Rayachoti | Municipality | Rayachoti | 98,299 |
| Pileru | Nagar panchayath | Rayachoti | 60,253 |
| Rajampeta | Municipality | Rajampeta | 57,277 |
Notable people[edit]
Annamacharya was a 15th-century Hindu saint who composed songs called sankirtanas in praise of the lord Venkateswara was born in Tallapaka, near Rajampet mandal. Jiddu Krishnamurti was a 20th century philosopher born in Madanapalle, who spoke across the world on the need for a revolution in the psyche of every human being. He said that the religious, political, social entities can not bring about such revolution. Kiran Kumar Reddy, whose family hails from Nagaripalle, near Kalikiri was the last Chief Minister of United Andhra Pradesh. Sri M who lives in Madanapalle, is an Indian yogi, spiritual guide, social reformer and educationist.
Demographics[edit]
Based on the 2011 census, Annamayya district had a population of 16,97,308, of which 391,511 (23.07%) live in urban areas. Annamayya district has a sex ratio of 989 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 2,28,501 (13.46%) and 62,475 (3.68%) of the population respectively.[2]:80–84[3]:82–87
Based on the 2011 census 81.91% of the population spoke Telugu, 16.40% Urdu and 1.04% Lambadi as their first language.[14]
Politics[edit]
There is only one parliamentary constituency namely Rajampet and six assembly constituencies in the district.[15]
The assembly constituencies are given below.
| Constituency number | Name | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
Parliamentary constituency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 125 | Rajampet | None | Rajampet |
| 127 | Kodur | SC | |
| 128 | Rayachoti | None | |
| 162 | Thamballapalle | None | |
| 163 | Pileru | None | |
| 164 | Madanapalle | None |
The district is divided into 3 revenue divisions: Madanapalle, Rajampeta and Rayachoti, which are further subdivided into a total of 30 mandals, each headed by a sub-collector.[16]
Administrative divisions[edit]
Mandals[edit]
The list of 30 mandals in Annamayya district, divided into 3 revenue divisions, is given below.[17]
Economy[edit]
Agriculture is the main economic activity. Paddy, Groundnut, Sunflower, Cotton, BetelLeaves are the major crops. Mango, Papaya,Banana, Lemon and Sweet Orange are the major horticultural crops. As per the FY 2019-20, the gross cropped area is 1,71,617 hectares, while the gross irrigated area is 66,281 hectares. Pincha and Annamayya are the major irrigation projects.[18]
Transport[edit]
Roadways[edit]
301.59 Km of National Highways, 330.46 Km of State Highways 831.91 Km of major district roads and 4,131.43 Km of Panchayat Raj roads form the road network of the district.[19] NH 716,NH 40 and NH 71 pass through the district.The proposed NH 370 Nellore to Ananthapuram (Nellore–Rapur–Rajampet–Rayachoti–Kadiri–Ananthapuram) under planning passes through the district.
Railways[edit]
As of 2019-20, broad-gauge railway line of 195.13 Kms length with 24 railway stations part of Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway Zone serve the district. Madanapalle Road railway 12 km away from Madanapalle is on Guntakal-Pakal-Tirupati line that passes through the district.[19] [20] Kadapa railway station is the nearest major railway station at a distance of 51 Km from Rayachoty.
Airways[edit]
The nearest small airport is Kadapa Airport, is 54 kilometres (34 mi) away from Rayachoty. The nearest airport is Tirupati International Airport is 130 kilometres (81 mi) Kms away from Rayachoty.
Education[edit]
Rishi Valley School founded by Jiddu Krishnamurti which developed the popular multi-grade teaching methodology and Besant Theosophical College founded by Annie Besant are some of the famous educational institutions in Madanapalle.
Based on the 2011 census, the district has a 64.63% literacy rate, which is lower than the state literacy which stands at 67.35%.[1] As of 2019-20, the district has 1975 primary schools, 391 Upper primary schools, 553 High schools, 128 Junior colleges, 59 Degree colleges and 82 Professional and post graduate Colleges.[19]
The district has several institutions for engineering, such as Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences (AITS)[21] Narayanadri Institute of Science and Technology (NIST)[22] and Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science (MITS).
Tourism[edit]
Sri Parasurameshwara temple, Attirala and Sowmyanadha Swamy temple, Nandalur are the major religious places in the district.[23] Horsley Hills is a major hill station.
Volcanogenic bedded Barytes[edit]
Volcanogenic bedded Barytes located at Mangampet in Obulavaripalle mandal has been declared the National Geological Monuments of India by the Geological Survey of India (GSI), for their protection, maintenance, promotion and enhancement of geotourism.[24][25][26]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 CPO 2022, p. IX.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "District Census Hand Book – YSR Kadapa" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "District Census Hand Book – Chittoor" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ↑ CPO 2022, p. iX.
- ↑ Apparasu, Srinivasa Rao (5 April 2022). "Andhra adds 13 new districts with aim to boost governance". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
- ↑ "Life and Times of Sri Tallapaka Annamacharya". Svasa.org. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
- ↑ "Megalithic burial site found in Kadapa". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 24 June 2012.
- ↑ Mitra, Debala, ed. (1983). Indian Archaeology 1979–80—A Review (PDF). New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2012.
- ↑ CPO 2022.
- ↑ CPO 2022, p. III.
- ↑ CPO 2022, p. IV-V.
- ↑ CPO 2022, p. XV.
- ↑ "Population by Religion - Andhra Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Andhra Pradesh". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ↑ CPO 2022, p. XVI.
- ↑ "Revenue Division". Annamayya district. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
- ↑ "Annamayya District". About District > Administrative Setup > Revenue Mandals. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ↑ CPO 2022, p. V-VI.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 CPO 2022, p. VI.
- ↑ "Guntakal division map". South central railway. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
- ↑ "Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences - Rajampet". www.aitsrajampet.ac.in.
- ↑ "NIST Home page". NIST, Rajampet. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
- ↑ CPO 2022, p. VII.
- ↑ "National Geological Monument, from Geological Survey of India website". Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
- ↑ "Geo-Heritage Sites". pib.nic.in. Press Information Bureau. 9 March 2016. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
- ↑ National geo-heritage of India (PDF). INTACH. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 January 2017.
Books[edit]
CPO (2022). District Hand Book of Statistics – 2020 Annamayya district (PDF).