Sudhanoti District

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Sudhanoti District
ضلع سدھنوتی
District of Azad Kashmir
A view of Cadet College Pallandri in the Sudhanoti District
A view of Cadet College Pallandri in the Sudhanoti District
Map of Azad Kashmir with the Sudhanoti District highlighted in red
Map of Azad Kashmir with the Sudhanoti District highlighted in red
Administering countryPakistan
TerritoryAzad Kashmir
DivisionPoonch Division
HeadquartersPallandri
Government
 • TypeDistrict Administration
 • Deputy CommissionerN/A
 • District Police OfficerN/A
 • District Health OfficerN/A
Area
 • Total569 km2 (220 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)
 • Total297,584
 • Density523/km2 (1,350/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialUrdu[1]
 • SpokenPahari-Pothwari
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Number of Tehsils4

The Sudhanoti District (also spelled Sudhnoti District) (Urdu: ضلع سدھنوتی‎), meaning the "heartland of Sudhans" or "Sudhan heartland"),[2][3][4] is one of the 10 districts of Pakistan's dependent territory of Azad Kashmir.[5] The Sudhanoti District is bounded on the north and east by the Poonch District,[6] on the south by the Kotli District, and on the west by the Rawalpindi District of Pakistan's Punjab Province. It is located 90 kilometres (56 mi) from Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. It is connected with Rawalpindi and Islamabad via the Azad Pattan Road.

The district headquarters is the town of Pallandri. It is at an elevation of 1,372 meters and is at a distance of 97 kilometers from Rawalpindi via the Azad Pattan Road. Pallandri is connected to Rawalakot by a 64-km metaled road.

History[edit]

The word Sudhanoti literally means "heartland of Sudhans" Sudhan (tribe) Noti (heartland).[citation needed]

Sudhanoti, whose first name was Bhan Ya (Brahman) who was defeated by the Pashtun Sadozai invaders in the thirteenth century AD defeated the Bhagar Rajputs and named it Sudhanoti.[7] The state of Sudhanoti is one of the former ten states of Jammu and Kashmir[disambiguation needed], Its history is approximately one thousand twelve hundred years old which Sudhanoti was ruled by Brahmins from 830 to 1105 AD.

The Brahman Raj was invaded by the Rajputs of hill Punjab in 1005 and captured Sudhanoti in 1105, The Bhagar Rajputs ruled Sudhanoti from 1105 to 1360. The Bhagar Rajputs were then attacked by the Afghan chief named Nawab Jassi Khan in 1360 AD, defeating them and establishing their own Sadozai government.

The Sadozai tribe ruled Sudhanoti from 1360 to 1837, Sudhanoti which from 800 to 1837 was called the fully independent state of Sudhanoti, came to an end in the Third Sikh Sudhanoti War, in which fifty to thirty thousand Sadozai people were killed. The Sikh Khalsa merged with the state of Poonch and brought it under the control of the Lahore government.

Later from 1940 to 1947 it was a tehsil of Jammu province, Thereafter in 1947 Sudhanoti became the capital of the Azad Kashmir Revolutionary Government, which was the capital of the Azad Kashmir Revolutionary Government from 1947 to 1949.

After that in 1960 Sudhanoti was divided into four districts and Sudhanoti was made a district[8] [9][10] [11]

Administrative divisions[edit]

The Sudhanoti District is divided into four tehsils:[16]

Population[edit]

Sudhanoti has a population of 297,584 according to the 2017 Census.[17]

The main native language is Pahari, spoken by an estimated 95% of the population.[18][19]

Education[edit]

According to the Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017, Sudhanoti is ranked 34 out of 155 districts with a score of 68.85 in terms of education. For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked last with the very low score of 6.76.[20]

Educational institutes include:

Notable people[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ Rahman, Tariq (1996). Language and politics in Pakistan. Oxford University Press. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-19-577692-8.
  2. ↑ Watch (Organization), Human Rights (2006). Pakistan, with Friends Like These. Human Rights Watch.
  3. ↑ Human Rights Watch: "With Friends Like These...". Human Rights Watch.
  4. ↑ Talbot, Ian (2016-01-28). A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21659-2.
  5. ↑ "AJ&K Portal". www.ajk.gov.pk.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Subdivisions of AJK".
  7. ↑ TitlePunjabi MusalmansAuthorJ. M. WikeleyEdition2, revisedPublisherPakistan National Publishers, 1968Original fromthe University of CaliforniaDigitized8 Dec 2008Length163 pages LIST OF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED I 'Punjabi Musalmans' by Captain Hamilton. The Gazetteers of the Punjab and North Western Frontier Province. 3 Census Report 1891, 1901, 1911 and 1931. 4 Tod's 'Rajasthan'. DS Thompson's 'History of India'. 427 5 6. Elphinstone's History of India'. McGrindle's 'Ancient India' W5 7 Handbooks an 'Rajputs, Jats and Gujars'. 9. Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North Western Frontier Province. 10 The Gypsies of India' by Mackeritchie. 11 "A History of the Mughals of Central Asia' by N. Elias and ED. Ros RJRRARY MAY 6 1970 UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRINTED BY : MUHAMMAD SAFED SHEIKIH AT ACCURATE PRINTERS AND PUBL ISAED BY HIM FOR THE BOOK HOUSE, LAHORE. https://books.google.com.sa/books?redir_esc=y&id=4MMGAQAAIAAJ&dq=book+punjabi+muslim&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=The+Sudhans+having+defeated+the+Bagars%2C+seized+their+country+and+named+it+Sudhanoti%2C The Sudhans having defeated the Bagars, seized their country and named it Sudhanoti,
  8. ↑ History of the Punjab Hill States by Hutchison and Vogel, reprinted edition, 2 volumes in 1 Chapter XXIV. 1933 AD
  9. ↑ TitleMaulānā Āzād Subḥānī: taḥrīk-i āzādī ke ek muqtadir rahnumā Issue 73 of Publication (Research Society of Pakistan)AuthorNabī Bak̲h̲shu K̲h̲ānu BalocuPublisherIdārah-yi Taḥqīqāt-i Pākistān, Dānishgāh-i Panjāb, 1989Original fromthe University of CaliforniaDigitized10 May 2007ISBN9694250714, 9789694250717Length327 pages Export CitationBiBTeX EndNote RefMan https://books.google.com.sa/books?id=dKgyAAAAIAAJ&q=A+Hand+Book+on+Azad+Jammu+%26+Kashmir+Pirzada+Irshad+Ahmad+Nawab+Sons+Publication,+2003+-+347+pages&dq=A+Hand+Book+on+Azad+Jammu+%26+Kashmir+Pirzada+Irshad+Ahmad+Nawab+Sons+Publication,+2003+-+347+pages&hl=ur&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi1i-uF_432AhUUlFwKHbgoAZ4Q6AF6BAgJEAM This book best describes the mountain states of Poonch
  10. ↑ Snedden, Christopher (2013). Kashmir: The Unwritten History. India: Harper Collins Publishers. ISBN 978-9350298978.
  11. ↑ "Statistical Year Book 2019" (PDF). Statistics Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  12. ↑ https://ur.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%A2%D8%A6%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%DB%81
  13. ↑ https://ur.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D8%B9%DB%81_%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%88
  14. ↑ https://ur.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D8%B9%DB%81_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84
  15. ↑ https://ur.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D8%B9%DB%81_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%88%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%84
  16. ↑ "Tehsils of Sudhnoti District on AJK map". ajk.gov.pk. AJK Official Portal. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  17. ↑ "Census 2017: AJK population rises to over 4m". The Nation. Retrieved 2017-09-01.
  18. ↑ Statistical Year Book 2020 (PDF). Muzaffarabad: AJ&K Bureau Of Statistics. p. 140. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  19. ↑ Shakil, Mohsin (2012). "Languages of Erstwhile State of Jammu Kashmir (A Preliminary Study)". p. 12.
  20. ↑ "Pakistan District Education Rankings 2017" (PDF). elections.alifailaan.pk. Alif Ailaan. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
  21. ↑ Bhattacharya, Samir (2014). NOTHING BUT!. Partridge Publishing. p. 228. ISBN 978-1-48281-787-4.
  22. ↑ "Introduction". Khan Sahib Government College of Technology, Rawalkot. Retrieved 14 October 2018.

External links[edit]

Template:Poonch Division Template:Administrative units of Azad Kashmir

Coordinates: 33°42′54″N 73°41′09″E / 33.71500°N 73.68583°E / 33.71500; 73.68583

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