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Khatana
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Khatana[1][2][3][4] or Khotana[5] is a major and ancient clan of the Gurjar (Gujjar) community of , India, Pakistan and, Afghanistan. It is believed that they're originated from the Khotan region[6].
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They ruled in many historic dynasties, princely states, and independent estates in India and Pakistan. Including the Hindu Shahi Khatana dynasty[7][8] (whose prominent ruler Jaipal Khatana fought again Mehmud Gaznavi), Rajorgar state[9], Samthar[10] and Khatana princely states of Uttar Pradesh , and Swat princely state[11] of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
They follow several religions, including Islam in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Kashmir, Hinduism in all North Indian states, Sikhism in east Punjab, Jainism and Buddism in Gujjarat, and Nepal within the bordering areas of Uttar Pradesh.
Distributions[edit]
Pakistan[edit]
They are found in all regions and provinces of Pakistan, including Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Hazara, Gilgit-Baltistan, Azad Kashmir, and Islamabad Capital terorry. In alone Gujarat district of Punjab, Pakistan Punjabi Khatana Gujjars have Forty (40) Villages.[8]
India[edit]
They inhabit in more than twelve Indian states, including Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Utrakhand, east Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujjarat, Maharashtra, and Delhi.
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Afghanistan[edit]
They live in Kabul, Kandahar, Nuristan, Pamir, Nagarhar, Kapisa, and Zabul provinces in Afghanistan. Some Khatana Gujjars also dwell in Iran's Sistan-Blochistan province, near the border with Pakistan.
Languages[edit]
They speak a wide range of languages in their own regions. They do, however, speak their own Gujari language, particularly in Afghanistan and Himalayan regions such as Jammu and Kashmir, Azad Kashmir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Hazara, Pakistan, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and Gilgit-Baltistan. But especially in some provinces of Afghanistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa they also speak Pashto and Gujari both languages.
References[edit]
- ↑ Manku, Darshan Singh. The Gujar Settlements: A Study in Ethnic Geography. Inter-India Publications. p. 117. ISBN 978-81-210-0072-7.
Paharpur village was settled by three Gujar clans namely, Bhoomla, Kalas, and Khatana, who came from different villages and areas. They divided the land of the mauza into three tarfs and established three hamlets in their respective tarfs.
- ↑ Pal, Vijay Kumar. Black Dots of Terrorism. Rudra Publications. p. 92. ISBN 978-93-90835-65-2.
3. Chauhan surname is very common in Hindu and Muslims. 4. Nirvan a clan in Gurjar community, both IN Hindus and Muslims both. 5. KHATANA clan of Gurjar is in both Hindus and Muslims.
- ↑ Rahi, Javaid. The Gujjars -Vol 04 (Gujjars History & Culture) by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu. p. 398.
The names of the gotras are common to Hindu Gujjars, Sikh Gujjars and Muslim Gujjars in the Indian sub- continent. Members of some gotras while claiming their ancestory to the legendary figures, philosophers and warriors also assert the superiority of their gotra over others. A few frominent gotras are Khatana, Hakla, Bajjar, Chechi, Rathore, Chauhan, Bhatti, Rana, Thekria, Noon, Bhadana, Gorsi, Bagri, Kasana, Bajran, Kohli, Khari and others. The main function of gotras is to regulate marriages, as the Gujjars maintain gotra exogamy, like Hindus. The Gujjars have an established system of Jirga (Panchayat) which decides the disputes...
- ↑ Nijjar, Bakhshish Singh. Origins and History of Jats and Other Allied Nomadic Tribes of India: 900 B.C.-1947 A.D. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 207. ISBN 978-81-269-0908-7.
The Gujjar tribes and clans appear to be very numerous, and apparently new local sub-divisions have sprung up in many places. Still the distribution of the main tribes for which figures have been given, is far more general than is the case with other castes of equal importance. The figures only include 47 per cent of the Gujjars of the Province; but they comprise 69 per cent of those of Gujarat, and include most of the great original tribes. The Khatana and Chechi far surpass the other in number.
- ↑ Contributions to Indian Sociology: Volume 23, Issue 2 (2nd ed.). Mouton. p. 293.
- ↑ Joon, Ram Sarup. History of the Jats. Jaitly Painting [sic] Press, foreword. p. 115.
The "Khetana"(Khatana) caste of the Gujjars is also a proof of the fact that they came from Khotan region.
- ↑ Singh, Nau Nihal. The Royal Gurjars: Their Contribution to India. Anmol Publications. p. 333. ISBN 978-81-261-1414-6.
When King Jai Pal Khatana of (Hindu shahi dynasty) Waliye Thanesar while fighting bravely with Mahmood Ghaznavi found that he is on the verge of defeat, he preferred to set himself on fire rather than accepting subjugation of Mahmood Ghaznavi. The army of King Vijay Rai Bhati Waliva Bhatner (near Multan) fought so bravely that there...
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Rahi, Javaid. The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu. p. 651.
In district Gujrat (West Punjab), there are forty villages of Khatana Gujars whose Headmen informed me in 1951 that by tradition they being mor Khatana are heirs of Jaipal who fought against Mahmud of Ghazni.
- ↑ Rahi, Javaid. The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu.
- ↑ Reed, Sir Stanley. Indian and Pakistan Year Book and Who's who. Bennett, Coleman. p. 1166.
- ↑ Roy, Olivier. Islam and Resistance in Afghanistan. Cambridge University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-521-39700-1.
The Akhund of Swat was probably a Gujar rather than a Yusufzay, the tribe he belonged to from choice. Shami Pir, who whipped up the feelings of the Sulaymankheyl and the Waziri in 1939, was, as his name indicates, a native of Syria.