Punjab Legislative Assembly
The Punjab Legislative Assembly or the Punjab Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the state of Punjab in India. At present, it consists of 117 members, directly elected from 117 single-seat constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The current Speaker of the Assembly is Rana K. P. Singh. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the Vidhan Bhavan in Chandigarh.
Punjab Legislative Assembly | |
|---|---|
| 15th Legislative Assembly of Punjab | |
 | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| History | |
| Established | 1952 |
| Preceded by | Interim East Punjab Assembly |
| Leadership | |
Deputy Speaker | |
Deputy Leader of the House | |
Deputy Leader of Opposition | |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 117 |
 | |
Political groups | Government (79)
Opposition (12)
SAD+ (13)
NDA (7) Others (2)
Vacant (4)
|
Length of term | 5 years |
| Elections | |
| First-past-the-post | |
First election | 26 March 1952 |
Last election | 4 February 2017 |
Next election | 20 February 2022 |
| Meeting place | |
 | |
| Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, India | |
| Website | |
| Homepage | |
| Constitution | |
| Constitution of India | |
HistoryEdit
British RajEdit
An Executive Council was formed under The Indian Councils Act, 1861. It was only under the Government of India Act 1919 that a Legislative Council was set up in Punjab. Later, under the Government of India Act 1935, the Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937. In 1947, Punjab Province was partitioned into West Punjab and East Punjab and the East Punjab Legislative Assembly was formed, the forerunner of the current assembly consisting of 79 members.
1947 – presentEdit
On 15 July 1948, eight princely states of East Punjab grouped together to form a single state, Patiala and East Punjab States Union. The Punjab State Legislature was a bicameral house in April 1952, comprising the Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and Vidhan Parishad (upper house). In 1956 that state was largely merged into Punjab, the strength of the Vidhan Parishad of the new State of Punjab was enhanced from 40 seats to 46 seats and in 1957, it was increased to 51. Punjab was trifurcated in 1966 to form Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Punjab. The Vidhan Parishad was reduced to 40 seats and the Vidhan Sabha was grown by 50 seats to 104 seats. On 1 January 1970, the Vidhan Parishad was abolished leaving the state with a unicameral legislature.[1]
Election resultsEdit
Pre-IndependenceEdit
Punjab Legislative Council
| Year | Others | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UoP | INC | IND | |||
| 1920 | - | - | 71 | - | 71 |
| 1923 | 33 | 0 | 17 | 21 | |
| 1926 | 31 | 2 | 12 | 26 | |
| 1930 | 37 | 0 | 14 | 20 |
Punjab Legislative Assembly
| Year | Others | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UoP | INC | SAD | AIML | IND | |||
| 1937 | 98 | 18 | 11 | 2 | 16 | 30 | 175 |
| 1946 | 19 | 51 | 21 | 73 | 11 | 0 |
Post-IndependenceEdit
| Years | Others | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INC | SAD | AAP | BJP | IND | |||
| 1952 | 96 | 13 | ~ | ~ | 9 | 8 | 126 |
| 1957 | 120 | ^ | 13 | 21 | 154 | ||
| 1962 | 90 | 19 | 18 | 27 | |||
| 1967 | 48 | ^ | 9 | 47 | 104 | ||
| 1969 | 38 | 43 | 4 | 17 | |||
| 1972 | 66 | 24 | 3 | 11 | |||
| 1977 | 17 | 58 | 2 | 40 | 117 | ||
| 1980 | 63 | 37 | 1 | 2 | 14 | ||
| 1985 | 32 | 73 | 6 | 4 | 2 | ||
| 1992 | 87 | ^ | 6 | 4 | 20 | ||
| 1997 | 14 | 75 | 18 | 6 | 4 | ||
| 2002 | 62 | 41 | 3 | 9 | 2 | ||
| 2007 | 44 | 49 | 19 | 5 | 0 | ||
| 2012 | 46 | 56 | 12 | 3 | 0 | ||
| 2017 | 77 | 15 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
- ^ - Party didn't contest election
- ~ - Party didn't exist
- Green color box indicates the party/parties who formed the government
- Red color box indicates the official opposition party
List of AssembliesEdit
Council of Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab (1897-1920)Edit
| Council of Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab (1897-1920) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Council (Tenure) |
Lieutenant-Governor
(President of Council) |
Tenure (Presiding dates)[2][3] |
| 1st (1 November 1898 – 3 July 1909) |
William Mackworth Young | 1 November 1897 – 6 March 1902 |
| Sir Charles Montgomery Rivaz | 6 March 1902 – 6 March 1907 | |
| Sir Denzil Charles Jelf Ibbetson | 6 March 1907 - 26 May 1907 | |
| 12 August 1907 - 22 January 1908 | ||
| Sir Louis William Dane | 25 May 1908 - 3 January 1910 | |
| 2nd (3 January 1910 – 14 December 1912) |
3 January 1910 - 28 April 1911 | |
| 4 August 1911 - 14 December 1912 | ||
| 14 December 1912 - 4 January 1913 | ||
| 3rd (4 January 1913 – 19 April 1916) |
4 January 1913 – 26 May 1913 | |
| Sir Michael Francis O'Dwyer | 26 May 1913 – 12 June 1916 | |
| 4th (12 June 1916 – 6 April 1920) |
12 June 1916 – 26 May 1919 | |
| Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan | 26 May 1919 – 6 April 1920 | |
Punjab Legislative Council (1921-1936)Edit
| Punjab Legislative Council (1921-1936) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Council (Tenure) |
President | Tenure[2] | Governor | |
| 1st (8 January 1921 – 27 October 1923) |
Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler | 8 January 1921 | 21 March 1922 | Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan |
| Herbert Alexander Casson | 10 May 1922 | 27 October 1923 | ||
| 2nd (2 January 1924 – 27 October 1926) |
2 January 1924 | 16 January 1925 | Sir Edward Douglas Maclagan and Sir William Malcolm Hailey | |
| Sheikh Abdul Qadir | 16 January 1925 | 4 September 1925 | ||
| Sir Shahab-ud-Din Virk | 3 December 1925 | 27 October 1926 | ||
| 3rd (3 January 1927 – 26 July 1930) |
4 January 1927 | 26 July 1930 | Sir William Malcolm Hailey and Sir G. F. Montmorency | |
| 4th (24 October 1930 – 10 November 1936) |
25 October 1930 | 24 July 1936 | Sir G. F. Montmorency and Sir Herbert William Emerson | |
| Chhotu Ram | 20 October 1936 | 10 November 1936 | ||
Punjab Legislative AssemblyEdit
| Punjab Provincial Assembly (1937-1947) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assembly | Tenure | Premier | Party formed government | Note | ||
| First sitting | Date of dissolution | |||||
| 1 | 5 April 1937 | 19 March 1945 | Sikandar Hayat Khan | Unionist Party | Assembly tenure extended due to World War II | |
| Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana | Assembly dissolved to conduct fresh and Impartial election | |||||
| 2 | 21 March 1946 | 4 July 1947 | Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana | Assembly dissolved since government resigned against Partition | ||
| Punjab Legislative Assembly (1947- present) | ||||||
| Assembly | Tenure | Chief Minister | Party formed government | Note | ||
| First sitting | Date of dissolution | |||||
| Interim | 1 November 1947 | 20 June 1951 | Gopi Chand Bhargava | Indian National Congress | Interim Assembly | |
| Bhim Sen Sachar | ||||||
| Gopi Chand Bhargava | ||||||
| 1st | 3 May 1952 | 31 March 1957 | Bhim Sen Sachar | |||
| Partap Singh Kairon | ||||||
| 2nd | 24 April 1957 | 1 March 1962 | Partap Singh Kairon | |||
| 3rd | 13 March 1962 | 28 February 1967 | Partap Singh Kairon | Assembly under suspension from 5 July 1966 to 1 November 1966 | ||
| Gopi Chand Bhargava | ||||||
| Ram Kishan | ||||||
| Gurmukh Singh Musafir | ||||||
| 4th | 20 March 1967 | 23 August 1968 | Gurnam Singh | Akali Dal - Sant Fateh Singh | Assembly dissolved prematurely | |
| Lachhman Singh Gill | Punjab Janta Party | |||||
| 5th | 13 March 1969 | 14 June 1971 | Gurnam Singh | Shiromani Akali Dal | Assembly dissolved prematurely | |
| Parkash Singh Badal | ||||||
| 6th | 21 March 1972 | 30 April 1977 | Zail Singh | Indian National Congress | Assembly tenure extended by one month due to Emergency | |
| 7 | 30 June 1977 | 17 February 1980 | Parkash Singh Badal | Shiromani Akali Dal | Assembly dissolved prematurely | |
| 8 | 23 June 1980 | 26 June 1985 | Darbara Singh | Indian National Congress | Assembly suspended from 6 October 1983 and later dissolved due to Insurgency | |
| 9 | 14 October 1985 | 11 May 1987 | Surjit Singh Barnala | Shiromani Akali Dal | Assembly dissolved prematurely due to Insurgency | |
| 10 | 16 March 1992 | 11 February 1997 | Beant Singh | Indian National Congress | - | |
| Harcharan Singh Brar | ||||||
| Rajinder Kaur Bhattal | ||||||
| 11 | 3 March 1997 | 26 February 2002 | Parkash Singh Badal | Shiromani Akali Dal | ||
| 12 | 21 March 2002 | 27 February 2007 | Amarinder Singh | Indian National Congress | ||
| 13 | 1 March 2007 | 6 March 2012 | Parkash Singh Badal | Shiromani Akali Dal | ||
| 14 | 19 March 2012 | 11 March 2017 | Parkash Singh Badal | |||
| 15th | 24 March 2017 | present | Amarinder Singh | Indian National Congress | ||
| Charanjit Singh Channi | ||||||
Office bearersEdit
| Office | Holder | Portrait | Since |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constitutional Posts | |||
| Governor | Banwarilal Purohit | 
|
31 August 2021 |
| Speaker | Rana Kanwal Pal Singh | 27 March 2017 | |
| Deputy speaker | Ajaib Singh Bhatti | 16 June 2017 | |
| Leader of the House
(Chief Minister) |
Charanjit Singh Channi | 
|
20 September 2021 |
| Political posts | |||
| Leader of INC legislature party | Charanjit Singh Channi |
|
20 September 2021 |
| Leader of Opposition
(Leader of AAP legislature party) |
Harpal Singh Cheema | 28 July 2018 | |
Members of Legislative AssemblyEdit
State under President's ruleEdit
| Punjab Provincial Assembly (1937-1947) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assembly | Governor's Rule | Tenure | Reason | ||
| 1 | Governor's Rule | 19 March 1945 | 21 March 1946 | 1 year, 2 days | To conduct fresh and Impartial election |
| 2 | 2 March 1947 | 15 August 1947 | 166 days | Government resigned against the decision of Partition of India | |
| Punjab Legislative Assembly (1947-present) | |||||
| Assembly | President's Rule | Tenure | Reason | ||
| Interim | President's rule | 20 June 1951 | 17 April 1952 | 302 days | Assembly kept in suspension to help the state government get its act together and conduct fresh elections |
| 3 | 5 July 1966 | 1 November 1966 | 119 days | State administration was taken over, to facilitate bifurcation of Punjab state into, Punjab and Haryana | |
| 4 | 23 August 1968 | 17 February 1969 | 178 days | Break-up of coalition | |
| 5 | 14 June 1971 | 17 March 1972 | 277 days | Following the 1971 Lok Sabha Elections, incumbent Chief Minister advised dissolving state assembly and holding fresh elections | |
| 6 | 30 April 1977 | 20 June 1977 | 51 days | To conduct the fresh election after Emergency in India | |
| 7 | 17 February 1980 | 6 June 1980 | 110 days | Government dismissed in spite of Parkash Singh Badal enjoying majority support in Assembly | |
| 8 | 6 October 1983 | 29 September 1985 | 1 year, 358 days | Insurgency and breakdown of law and order | |
| 9 | 11 June 1987 | 25 February 1992 | 4 years, 259 days | Insurgency and breakdown of law and order | |
See alsoEdit
- PEPSU
- Interim East Punjab Assembly
- 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election
- List of governors of Punjab (India)
- List of constituencies of Punjab Legislative Assembly
- List of Deputy Chief Ministers of Punjab (India)
- List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly
- List of Leader of Opposition in Punjab Legislative Assembly
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ "Punjab Legislative Assembly". legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 The Punjab Parliamentarians 1897-2013, Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, Lahore - Pakistan, 2015
- ↑ "List of Former Governors - Pre Independence".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Two Punjab Cong MLAs jump ship, join BJP". The Indian Express. 28 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "After joining Congress, Khaira, 2 AAP rebels resign from Vidhan Sabha". The Indian Express. 3 June 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ↑ "AAP MLA Hissowal shifts loyalties towards Congress in House". The Pioneer. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Punjab Congress MLA Dropped For Sonu Sood's Sister Joins BJP". NDTV.com. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
- ↑ "Punjab Elections 2022: Congress MLA Rana Gurmit Singh Sodhi joins BJP". www.indiatvnews.com. 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ "Punjab Assembly speaker disqualifies AAP MLA Baldev Singh". The Indian Express. 26 October 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ↑ "Day after quitting AAP, Bathinda Rural MLA Ruby joins Congress". Hindustan Times. 11 November 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ↑ "Dissident AAP MLA Nazar Singh Manshahia joins Congress in Punjab". DNA India. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ↑ "Captain Amarinder Singh quits Congress, floats new party Punjab Lok Congress". The Hindustan Times. 3 October 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2021.