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{{ | {{Short description| Rashtrakuta Emperor from 930 to 936}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}} | |||
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}} | {{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}} | ||
{{Infobox royalty | {{Infobox royalty | ||
|reign=930 | | reign = {{circa|930|936 CE}} | ||
| succession = [[Rashtrakuta Empire|Rashtrakuta Emperor]] | |||
| predecessor = [[Amoghavarsha II]] | |||
| successor = [[Amoghavarsha III]] | |||
| dynasty = [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rāshṭrakūṭa]] | |||
| father = [[Indra III]] | |||
| religion = [[Jainism]] <br/> | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{Rashtrakuta Manyakheta Kings Infobox}} | {{Rashtrakuta Manyakheta Kings Infobox}} | ||
'''Govinda IV''' (reigned | '''Govinda IV''' (reigned {{circa}} 930–936 CE) was the younger brother of [[Amoghavarsha II]]. He became the [[Rashtrakuta]] emperor in 930 as described in the Kalasa record of [[Chikmagalur]]. He was a very unpopular ruler who indulged in licentious acts. Control over [[Kannauj]] was lost during his rule. The [[Eastern Chalukyas|Chalukyas of Vengi]] defeated him and much territory was lost. Finally, his own vassals including King [[Arikesari II|Arikesari]] of [[Chalukyas of Vemulavada|Vemulavada]] revolted against him and placed [[Amoghavarsha III]] on the throne in 935. This is known from the records of [[Kannada]] poet [[Adikavi Pampa]], who was patronised by King Arikesari.<ref name="matri">Kamath 2001, p. 82</ref> Govinda IV patronised [[Kannada]] poet Ravinagabhatta. | ||
== Name and Attestations == | |||
A [[Kannada]] form of his name, ''Gojjiga'', is attested in contemporary epigraphy. At least two inscriptions and two copper plate grants of Govinda IV have been found.<!-- Reu 1933, p. 80 --> The first inscription, found at [[Dharwad|Ḍanḍapur]] in present-day [[Dharwad district]], is dated to 918; the second is dated to 930.<!-- Reu 1933, p. 80 --> The first copper plate grant is dated to 930; and the second, found at [[Sangli|Sānglī]], is dated to 933.<ref>Reu 1933, p. 80</ref> | |||
== Family == | |||
Govinda was the son of [[Indra III]] and the younger brother of [[Amoghavarsha II]].<ref>Reu 1933, p. 80</ref> | |||
== Reign == | |||
Based on inscriptions of the [[Eastern Chalukyas|Eastern Chalukya]] kings [[Amma I]] and [[Bhima III]], it seems that there was a war between the Rashtrakutas and Chalukyas during Govinda's reign.<!-- Reu 1933, p. 80 --> One inscription specifies that Bhima had "repulsed" the armies of Govinda, implying that Govinda was the attacker in this conflict.<ref>Reu 1933, p. 80</ref> | |||
The Sānglī copper plate grant of 933 says that Govinda "did not wrong his elder brother, nor was he guilty of incest, nor of cruelty".<!-- Reu 1933, p. 81 --> Reu interprets this as meaning that Govinda was accused of these misdeeds during his lifetime, hence why he felt the need to refute these claims in the plate.<ref>Reu 1933, p. 81</ref> | |||
== Death == | |||
According to Reu, Govinda IV appears to have had a short reign and died prematurely.<ref>Reu 1933, pp. 80–1</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
*{{cite book |last= Kamath|first= Suryanath U.|title= A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present| | *{{cite book |last= Kamath|first= Suryanath U.|title= A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present|orig-date=1980|year= 2001|publisher= Jupiter books|location= Bangalore|oclc= 7796041 |lccn=80905179}} | ||
*{{cite book |last=Reu|first= Pandit Bisheshwar Nath |title=History of The Rashtrakutas (Rathodas)| | *{{cite book |last=Reu|first= Pandit Bisheshwar Nath |title=History of The Rashtrakutas (Rathodas)|orig-date=1933|year=1997|publisher= Publication scheme|location= Jaipur|isbn= 81-86782-12-5|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.215812}} | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 48: | ||
{{S-end}} | {{S-end}} | ||
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]] | [[Category:Hindu monarchs]] | ||
[[Category:10th-century | [[Category:10th-century Indian monarchs]] | ||
[[Category:Rashtrakuta | [[Category:Rashtrakuta emperors]] | ||
[[Category:935 deaths]] | [[Category:935 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]] | [[Category:Year of birth unknown]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:36, 28 January 2026
| Govinda IV | |
|---|---|
| Rashtrakuta Emperor | |
| Reign | c. 930 – c. 936 CE |
| Predecessor | Amoghavarsha II |
| Successor | Amoghavarsha III |
| Dynasty | Rāshṭrakūṭa |
| Father | Indra III |
| Religion | Jainism |
| Rashtrakuta Emperors (753-982) | |
| Dantidurga | (735 - 756) |
| Krishna I | (756 - 774) |
| Govinda II | (774 - 780) |
| Dhruva Dharavarsha | (780 - 793) |
| Govinda III | (793 - 814) |
| Amoghavarsha | (814 - 878) |
| Krishna II | (878 - 914) |
| Indra III | (914 -929) |
| Amoghavarsha II | (929 - 930) |
| Govinda IV | (930 – 936) |
| Amoghavarsha III | (936 – 939) |
| Krishna III | (939 – 967) |
| Khottiga | (967 – 972) |
| Karka II | (972 – 973) |
| Indra IV | (973 – 982) |
| Tailapa II (Western Chalukyas) |
(973-997) |
Govinda IV (reigned c. 930–936 CE) was the younger brother of Amoghavarsha II. He became the Rashtrakuta emperor in 930 as described in the Kalasa record of Chikmagalur. He was a very unpopular ruler who indulged in licentious acts. Control over Kannauj was lost during his rule. The Chalukyas of Vengi defeated him and much territory was lost. Finally, his own vassals including King Arikesari of Vemulavada revolted against him and placed Amoghavarsha III on the throne in 935. This is known from the records of Kannada poet Adikavi Pampa, who was patronised by King Arikesari.[1] Govinda IV patronised Kannada poet Ravinagabhatta.
Name and Attestations[edit | edit source]
A Kannada form of his name, Gojjiga, is attested in contemporary epigraphy. At least two inscriptions and two copper plate grants of Govinda IV have been found. The first inscription, found at Ḍanḍapur in present-day Dharwad district, is dated to 918; the second is dated to 930. The first copper plate grant is dated to 930; and the second, found at Sānglī, is dated to 933.[2]
Family[edit | edit source]
Govinda was the son of Indra III and the younger brother of Amoghavarsha II.[3]
Reign[edit | edit source]
Based on inscriptions of the Eastern Chalukya kings Amma I and Bhima III, it seems that there was a war between the Rashtrakutas and Chalukyas during Govinda's reign. One inscription specifies that Bhima had "repulsed" the armies of Govinda, implying that Govinda was the attacker in this conflict.[4]
The Sānglī copper plate grant of 933 says that Govinda "did not wrong his elder brother, nor was he guilty of incest, nor of cruelty". Reu interprets this as meaning that Govinda was accused of these misdeeds during his lifetime, hence why he felt the need to refute these claims in the plate.[5]
Death[edit | edit source]
According to Reu, Govinda IV appears to have had a short reign and died prematurely.[6]
References[edit | edit source]
- Kamath, Suryanath U. (2001) [1980]. A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present. Bangalore: Jupiter books. LCCN 80905179. OCLC 7796041.
- Reu, Pandit Bisheshwar Nath (1997) [1933]. History of The Rashtrakutas (Rathodas). Jaipur: Publication scheme. ISBN 81-86782-12-5.
Notes[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
| Preceded by Amoghavarsha II |
Rashtrakuta Emperor 930–935 |
Succeeded by Amoghavarsha III |