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{{Short description|Muslim community from Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Short description|Muslim community from Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{for|the insect genus|Kabaria (genus)}}
{{for|the insect genus|Kabaria (fly)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}


The '''Kabaria''', sometimes pronounced as Kabariya are a [[Muslim]] community found in the state of  [[Uttar Pradesh]] in  [[India]], mainly in the [[Awadh]] region.  A small number of Kabaria are also found in the [[Terai]] region of [[Nepal]]. They now have [[Other Backward Class]] status in [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part  One edited by A Hasan & J C Das page 452  Manohar Publications</ref><ref>Tribes and Castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh Volume III by William Crook page 345</ref><ref>Muslim caste in Uttar Pradesh : (a study of culture contact) by Ansari, G, (Ghaus) Ethnographic and Folklore Society 1960 pages 46 and 47</ref>
The '''Kabaria''', sometimes pronounced as Kabariya, are a Muslim community found in the state of  [[Uttar Pradesh]] in  India, mainly in the [[Awadh]] region.  A small number of Kabaria are also found in the [[Terai]] region of [[Nepal]].<ref name=":0">Muslim caste in Uttar Pradesh : (a study of culture contact) by Ansari, G, (Ghaus) Ethnographic and Folklore Society 1960 pages 46 and 47</ref>
 
==Origin==
 
The community gets its name from the [[Urdu]] word ''kabariya'' which literally means someone who sells scrap, and they are said to have originally belonged to the [[Kunjra]] community, who evolved into a distinct community when they changed their occupation from selling vegetables to scrap. However, the majority of the Kabaria are still involved in the selling of fruits and vegetables. According to their own traditions, they descend from a community of [[Arain]] from [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] who settled in [[Lucknow]]. Other traditions make the community to be converts from the [[Hindu]] [[Murao]] [[caste]].<ref>A Gazetteer of Lucknow District Volume XXXVII: Gazetteers of the United Provinces edited by H. R Neville</ref>
 
The Kabaria are found mainly in [[Lucknow District]], both in the city and in villages near the town of Mohanlalganj. A second settlement is found in [[Bahraich District|Bahraich]] and [[Balrampur District|Balrampur]] districts.<ref>A Gazetteer of Bahraich District Volume XLV: Gazetteers of the United Provinces edited by H. R Neville</ref> In the 19th Century, a number of Kabaria began to settle in the [[Terai]] region of [[Nepal]], in particularly [[Nepalganj]] District. They now form an important element in the [[Muslim]] population of [[Nepal]].<ref>Caste Hierarchy: The Inter-Ethnic Stratification in the Muslim Society of Nepal by Shaker Thapa Tribhuvan University Journal  Volume XVIII</ref>


==Present circumstances==
==Present circumstances==


The Kabaria are strictly [[endogamous]], and practice both parallel cousin and cross cousin marriages. They speak the [[Awadhi]] dialect, although most [[Lucknow]] Kabaria speak reasonable [[Urdu]], and belong to the [[Sunni]] sect. Like other Indian Muslim [[castes]], they have informal caste council, referred to as a [[panchayat]]. The panchayat acts as an instrument of social control, resolving intra community disputes, and punishing community members who transcend cultural norms. Each Kabaria settlement contains its own panchayat, but unlike other communities, they have not set a formal caste association.<ref>Muslim caste in Uttar Pradesh : (a study of culture contact) by Ansari, G, (Ghaus) Ethnographic and Folklore Society 1960 pages 46 and 47</ref>
The Kabaria are strictly [[endogamous]], and practice both parallel cousin and cross cousin marriages. They speak the [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] dialect, although most [[Lucknow]] Kabaria speak reasonable [[Urdu]], and belong to the [[Sunni]] sect. Like other Indian Muslim [[castes]], they have informal caste council, referred to as a [[Panchayati raj|panchayat]]. The panchayat acts as an instrument of social control, resolving intra community disputes, and punishing community members who transcend cultural norms. Each Kabaria settlement contains its own panchayat, but unlike other communities, they have not set a formal caste association.<ref name=":0" />
 
The Kabaria of [[Lucknow]] city are still involved in the selling of fruits and vegetable. They buy their produce at marts from the [[Kachhi (caste)|Kachhi]], [[Kurmi]] and [[Murao]] communities. While the rural Kabaria are small and medium-sized farmers, and cultivate wheat, paddy, maize, millets, pulses, sugar cane and vegetables. They have benefited from the land reforms carried out at [[Partition of India|Indian independence]], when land reforms led to tenant farmers becoming proprietors. The Kabaria live in multi-caste and multi-religious villages, occupying their own quarters.<ref>Muslim caste in Uttar Pradesh : (a study of culture contact) by Ansari, G, (Ghaus) Ethnographic and Folklore Society 1960 pages 46 and 47</ref>
 
==See also==
 
*[[Kunjra]]


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 01:36, 26 September 2025


For the insect genus, see Kabaria (fly).

The Kabaria, sometimes pronounced as Kabariya, are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, mainly in the Awadh region. A small number of Kabaria are also found in the Terai region of Nepal.[1]

Present circumstances[edit | edit source]

The Kabaria are strictly endogamous, and practice both parallel cousin and cross cousin marriages. They speak the Awadhi dialect, although most Lucknow Kabaria speak reasonable Urdu, and belong to the Sunni sect. Like other Indian Muslim castes, they have informal caste council, referred to as a panchayat. The panchayat acts as an instrument of social control, resolving intra community disputes, and punishing community members who transcend cultural norms. Each Kabaria settlement contains its own panchayat, but unlike other communities, they have not set a formal caste association.[1]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Muslim caste in Uttar Pradesh : (a study of culture contact) by Ansari, G, (Ghaus) Ethnographic and Folklore Society 1960 pages 46 and 47
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