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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Short description|Indian politician (1922-1999)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}{{Distinguish|Vengalrao Gottimukula|Vengal Rao}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name               = Jalagam Vengal Rao
| name               = Jalagam Vengala Rao
| native_name        =
| image               = Jalagam Vengala Rao.jpg
| image             =
| office1             = 5th [[List of chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh]]
| order1             = 5th
| term_start1         = 10 December 1973
| office1            = Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
| term_end1           = 6 March 1978
| term_start1       = 10 December 1973
| predecessor1        = [[President's rule]]<br/>[[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]
| term_end1         = 6 March 1978
| successor1         = [[Marri Chenna Reddy]]
| governor1          = [[Khandubhai Kasanji Desai]]<br>[[S. Obul Reddy]]<br>[[Ramchandra Dhondiba Bhandare]]<br>[[B. J. Divan]]<br>[[Sharda Mukherjee]]
| predecessor1      = ''[[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]'' (before [[President's rule]])
| successor1         = [[Marri Chenna Reddy]]
| office2            = [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Minister of Commerce and Industry (Government of India)]]
| office2            = [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Minister of Commerce and Industry (Government of India)]]
| primeminister2      = [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
| primeminister2      = [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
| predecessor2 = [[N. D. Tiwari]]
| predecessor2       = [[N. D. Tiwari]]
| successor2 = [[Ajit Singh (politician)|Ajit Singh]]
| successor2         = [[Ajit Singh (politician, born 1939)|Ajit Singh]]
| term_start2        = 22 October 1986
| term_start2        = 22 October 1986
| term_end2          = 2 December 1989
| term_end2          = 2 December 1989
| office3 = Home Minister, [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
| office3             = Home Minister, [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start3        = 18 July 1969
| term_start3        = 18 July 1969
| term_end3          = 30 September 1971
| term_end3          = 30 September 1971
| 3blankname3 = Chief Minister
| 3blankname3         = Chief Minister
| 3namedata3 = [[Kasu Brahmananda Reddy]]
| 3namedata3         = [[Kasu Brahmananda Reddy]]
| office4 = Industries Minister, [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
| office4             = Industries Minister, [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start4        = 20 March 1972
| term_start4        = 20 March 1972
| term_end4          = 10 January 1973
| term_end4          = 10 January 1973
| 4blankname4 = Chief Minister
| 4blankname4         = Chief Minister
| 4namedata4 = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]
| 4namedata4         = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]
 
| office5             = [[Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee|President of Pradesh Congress Committee]]
| office5 = [[Andhra_Pradesh_Congress_Committee|President of Pradesh Congress Committee]]
| term_start5        = January 30, 1985
| term_start5        = January 30 1985
| term_end5          = October 30, 1988
| term_end5          = October 30 1988
| constituency6       = [[Khammam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khammam]]
 
| office6             = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| constituency6 =[[Khammam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khammam]]
| office6 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| term_start6        = 1984
| term_start6        = 1984
| term_end6          = 1991
| term_end6          = 1991
| predecessor6 =[[Jalagam Kondala Rao]]
| predecessor6       = [[Jalagam Kondala Rao]]
| successor6 = [[P. V. Rangaiah Naidu]]
| successor6         = [[P. V. Rangaiah Naidu]]
| office7            = Member of [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| office7            = Member of [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start7       = 1978
| term_start7         = 1978
| term_end7         = 1983
| term_end7           = 1983
| constituency7     = [[Sathupalli]],  [[Telangana]]
| constituency7       = [[Sathupalli]],  [[Telangana]]
| term_start8        = 1962
| term_start8        = 1962
| term_end8          = 1978
| term_end8          = 1978
| constituency8     = [[Vemsoor]],  [[Telangana]]
| constituency8       = [[Vemsoor]],  [[Telangana]]
| birth_date         = May 1921
| birth_date         = May 1921
| birth_place       =Soperu (Village), Rajam (Mandal), Srikakulam (District), Andhra Pradesh
| birth_place         = [[Srikakulam District|Soperu]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date         = 12 June 1999 (aged 78)  
| death_date         = 12 June 1999 (aged 78)
| children           =[[Jalagam Prasada Rao]],<br>[[Jalagam Venkat Rao]]
| death_place        = [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India
| children           = [[Jalagam Prasada Rao]],<br>[[Jalagam Venkat Rao]]
}}
}}
 
'''Jalagam Vengala Rao''' (4 May 1922<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jalagam Vengala Rao|url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/jalagam_vengala_rao-profile-11381-19.htm|access-date=2021-04-19|website=veethi.com}}</ref> – 12 June 1999) was for much of his life a member of the [[Indian National Congress]] and was the [[List of Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]] which is now divided into two states, [[Telangana]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]].
'''Jalagam Vengal Rao''' or '''Jalagam Vengala Rao''' (May 1921<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jalagam Vengala Rao|url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/jalagam_vengala_rao-profile-11381-19.htm|access-date=2021-04-19|website=veethi.com}}</ref> – 12 June 1999) was for much of his life a member of the [[Indian National Congress]] and was the [[List of Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]] which is now divided into two states, [[Telangana]] and [[Andhra Pradesh]].


==Early life==
==Early life==
Rao hailed from Bayyannagudem in [[Khammam district]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-07/hyderabad/27309414_1_irrigation-projects-drinking-water-roads |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017080644/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-07/hyderabad/27309414_1_irrigation-projects-drinking-water-roads |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 October 2012 |title=Sathupally to be model assembly constituency |date=7 September 2002 |first=B. V. S. |last=Bhaskar |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> (currently part of the [[Telangana]] state).
Vengala Rao hailed from Padmanayaka Velama  community<ref>{{Cite news |last=బళ్ల సతీశ్ |date=8 April 2019 |title=తెలుగునాట కుల రాజకీయాలు: ఆ రెండు కులాల మధ్యే ప్రధాన పోటీ |language=te |work=BBC News తెలుగు |url=https://www.bbc.com/telugu/india-47843334 |access-date=2023-05-01}}</ref> of Bayyannagudem in [[Khammam district]] (currently part of the [[Telangana]] state).<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhaskar |first=B. V. S. |date=7 September 2002 |title=Sathupally to be model assembly constituency |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Sattupalli-to-be-model-assembly-constituency/articleshow/21399857.cms |url-status=live |access-date=2012-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017080644/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-07/hyderabad/27309414_1_irrigation-projects-drinking-water-roads |archive-date=17 October 2012}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
His involvement in politics began when he was in his twenties, when he supported Congress in their campaign of armed defiance against the [[Nizam of Hyderabad]]. He was jailed for his involvement in this campaign, which was protesting the tenancy laws operating in the Telangana region. Although he tried and failed to be elected as an independent candidate in 1952, Rao subsequently was elected on four occasions to the [[Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh]], where he represented the [[Sathupalli]] constituency of Khammam district.
His involvement in politics began when he was in his twenties, when he supported Congress in their campaign of armed defiance against the [[Nizam of Hyderabad]]. He was jailed for his involvement in this campaign, which was protesting the tenancy laws operating in the Telangana region. He tried and failed to be elected as an independent candidate in 1952 and the period from 1952 to that time saw him occupying the post of president for the Khammam district branch of Congress and being the first chairman of the district council. The first of his successful Assembly elections was in 1962, Rao subsequently was elected on four occasions to the [[Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh]], where he represented the [[Sathupalli]] constituency of Khammam district.


===Lok Sabha===
===Lok Sabha===
He was also twice elected to the [[Lok Sabha]]&nbsp;- the [[lower house]] of the [[Parliament of India]] -&nbsp;as a representative of the [[Khammam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khammam district constituency]]. The first of his successful Assembly elections was in 1962, and the period from 1952 to that time saw him occupying the post of president for the Khammam district branch of Congress and being the first chairman of the district council.<ref name=rediff19990612 />
He was also twice (1984, 1989)elected to the [[Lok Sabha]]&nbsp;- the [[lower house]] of the [[Parliament of India]] -&nbsp;as a representative of the [[Khammam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khammam district constituency]]. <ref name=rediff19990612 />


===As Home Minister===
===As Home Minister===
In 1968, he became State Home Minister in the state government headed by [[Kasu Brahmananda Reddy]]. Later, during his period as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, an office to which he was appointed by [[Indira Gandhi]]<ref>{{cite book |title=State politics in India: reflections on Andhra Pradesh |first=Agarala Easwara |last=Reddi |publisher=M.D. Publications |year=1994 |isbn=9788185880518 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vaxxeoPUuqsC |page=25 |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> and held between 10 December 1973 and 6 March 1978,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/Chief%20Ministers/DispForm.aspx?ID=15 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218155559/http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/Chief%20Ministers/DispForm.aspx?ID=15 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-12-18 |title=Chief Ministers: Sri. Jalagam Vengala Rao |publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh |accessdate=2012-03-27 }}</ref> Rao's hallmark was his administrative efficiency.<ref name=rediff19990612 /> He is also known for his handling and containment of [[Naxalite]] insurgency, which took place during a revival of the [[Telangana movement]] that sought independent statehood.<ref name=DNA20091211 /> He almost wiped out Naxalism from the state through extra judicial killings namely encounters.<ref>{{Cite magazine|author=Amarnath K. Menon |date=January 21, 2014 |title=Change in government in Andhra Pradesh brings fears of Emergency-type repression of Naxalite movement|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19810131-change-in-government-in-andhra-pradesh-brings-fears-of-emergency-type-repression-of-naxalite-movement-805896-2014-01-21|access-date=2021-04-19|magazine=India Today|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-07|title=Telangana And Andhra Pradesh Have A Long History Of Encounter Killings|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/telangana-and-andhra-pradesh-have-a-long-history-of-encounter-killings_in_5deb5d4fe4b0913e6f90280d|access-date=2021-04-19|website=HuffPost|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Venugopal|first=N.|date=2007|title=Fake Encounters: Story from Andhra Pradesh|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40276541|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=42|issue=41|pages=4106–4111|jstor=40276541|issn=0012-9976}}</ref> Later, the Vimadalal commission was appointed to probe into attacks on Naxalites during his period in office<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dwivedi|first1=O.P.|last2=Jain|first2=R.B.|date=1988-07-01|title=Bureaucratic Morality in India|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/019251218800900305|journal=International Political Science Review|language=en|volume=9|issue=3|pages=205–214|doi=10.1177/019251218800900305|s2cid=144127879|issn=0192-5121}}</ref> and his earlier actions against Communist-inspired Naxalites during the 1960s have been referred to as a "reign of terror".<ref name=DNA20091211>{{cite news |title=Telangana Part II |date=11 December 2009 |first=Mohan |last=Guruswamy |publisher=DNA |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/main-article_telangana-part-ii_1322389 |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> The official website for the government of Andhra Pradesh refers to his tenure, which came about following a period of [[President's rule]],  politically stable.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Pages/PostIndependenceEra.aspx |title=Post-Independence Era : Struggle for Andhra State |publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh |accessdate=2012-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321182709/http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Pages/PostIndependenceEra.aspx |archive-date=21 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Despite that popularity, he was unable to retain power in the 1978 elections.<ref>{{cite news |title=Naidu becomes fourth AP CM to return his party to power |url=http://www.rediff.com/election/1999/oct/07naidu.htm |date=7 October 1999 |work=Rediff.com |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref>
In 1968, he became State Home Minister in the state government headed by [[Kasu Brahmananda Reddy]]. Later, during his period as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, an office to which he was appointed by [[Indira Gandhi]]<ref>{{cite book |title=State politics in India: reflections on Andhra Pradesh |first=Agarala Easwara |last=Reddi |publisher=M.D. Publications |year=1994 |isbn=9788185880518 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vaxxeoPUuqsC |page=25 |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> and held between 10 December 1973 and 6 March 1978,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/Chief%20Ministers/DispForm.aspx?ID=15 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218155559/http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/Chief%20Ministers/DispForm.aspx?ID=15 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-12-18 |title=Chief Ministers: Sri. Jalagam Vengala Rao |publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh |accessdate=2012-03-27 }}</ref> Rao's hallmark was his administrative efficiency.<ref name=rediff19990612 /> He is also known for his handling and containment of [[Naxalite]] insurgency, which took place during a revival of the [[Telangana movement]] that sought independent statehood.<ref name=DNA20091211 /> He almost wiped out Naxalism from the state through extrajudicial [[Encounter killing|encounter killings]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|author=Amarnath K. Menon |date=January 21, 2014 |title=Change in government in Andhra Pradesh brings fears of Emergency-type repression of Naxalite movement|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19810131-change-in-government-in-andhra-pradesh-brings-fears-of-emergency-type-repression-of-naxalite-movement-805896-2014-01-21|access-date=2021-04-19|magazine=India Today|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-07|title=Telangana And Andhra Pradesh Have A Long History Of Encounter Killings|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/telangana-and-andhra-pradesh-have-a-long-history-of-encounter-killings_in_5deb5d4fe4b0913e6f90280d|access-date=2021-04-19|website=HuffPost|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Venugopal|first=N.|date=2007|title=Fake Encounters: Story from Andhra Pradesh|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40276541|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=42|issue=41|pages=4106–4111|jstor=40276541|issn=0012-9976}}</ref> Later, the Vimadalal commission was appointed to probe into attacks on Naxalites during his period in office<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dwivedi|first1=O.P.|last2=Jain|first2=R.B.|date=1988-07-01|title=Bureaucratic Morality in India|url=https://doi.org/10.1177/019251218800900305|journal=International Political Science Review|language=en|volume=9|issue=3|pages=205–214|doi=10.1177/019251218800900305|s2cid=144127879|issn=0192-5121|url-access=subscription}}</ref> and his earlier actions against Communist-inspired Naxalites during the 1960s have been referred to as a "reign of terror".<ref name=DNA20091211>{{cite news |title=Telangana Part II |date=11 December 2009 |first=Mohan |last=Guruswamy |publisher=DNA |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/analysis/main-article_telangana-part-ii_1322389 |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref> The official website for the government of Andhra Pradesh refers to his tenure, which came about following a period of [[President's rule]],  politically stable.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Pages/PostIndependenceEra.aspx |title=Post-Independence Era : Struggle for Andhra State |publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh |accessdate=2012-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321182709/http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Pages/PostIndependenceEra.aspx |archive-date=21 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Despite that popularity, he was unable to retain power in the 1978 elections.<ref>{{cite news |title=Naidu becomes fourth AP CM to return his party to power |url=http://www.rediff.com/election/1999/oct/07naidu.htm |date=7 October 1999 |work=Rediff.com |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref>


===Congress split===
===Congress split===
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===As Chief Minister===
===As Chief Minister===
He was the 5th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 10 December 1973 – 6 March 1978. It was during his tenure as Chief Minister that three universities namely [[Kakatiya University]], [[Acharya Nagarjuna University]] and [[Sri Krishnadevaraya University]] were started, catering for three regions of Andhra Pradesh: [[Telangana]], [[Coastal Andhra]], and [[Rayalaseema]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About University|url=http://skuniversity.ac.in/about-university.html|access-date=2021-04-19|website=skuniversity.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Acharya Nagarjuna University|url=https://www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in/profile.php|access-date=2021-04-19|website=www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telangana, India.|url=https://kakatiya.ac.in/university-profile|access-date=2021-04-19|website=kakatiya.ac.in}}</ref> Rao initiated a World [[Telugu people|Telugu]] Conference in [[Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh|Hyderabad]] in 1975.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1812/18120450.htm |title=Bitter memories |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100122051815/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1812/18120450.htm |archivedate=2010-01-22 |first=R.J. Rajendra |last=Prasad |date=22 June 2001 |volume=18 |issue=12 |publisher=Frontline |url-status=usurped |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref>
He was the 5th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 10 December 1973 – 5 March 1978. It was during his tenure as Chief Minister that three universities namely [[Kakatiya University]], [[Acharya Nagarjuna University]] and [[Sri Krishnadevaraya University]] were started, catering for three regions of Andhra Pradesh: [[Telangana]], [[Coastal Andhra]], and [[Rayalaseema]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=About University|url=http://skuniversity.ac.in/about-university.html|access-date=2021-04-19|website=skuniversity.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Acharya Nagarjuna University|url=https://www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in/profile.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426121122/http://www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in/profile.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 April 2014|access-date=2021-04-19|website=www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telangana, India.|url=https://kakatiya.ac.in/university-profile|access-date=2021-04-19|website=kakatiya.ac.in}}</ref> Rao initiated a World [[Telugu people|Telugu]] Conference in [[Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh|Hyderabad]] in 1975.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1812/18120450.htm |title=Bitter memories |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100122051815/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1812/18120450.htm |archivedate=2010-01-22 |first=R.J. Rajendra |last=Prasad |date=22 June 2001 |volume=18 |issue=12 |publisher=Frontline |url-status=usurped |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref>
 
In 1972, the Vengala Rao government added the Koppula and Polinati Velama communities to the BC-D category from OC(forward caste) to address drought economic hardship and regional backwardness in Uttarandhra specially in srikakulam.The move was prompted by drought conditions, regional backwardness not caste Backwardness in Uttarandhra, and to support the community's demand for social representation and to support educationally and economically .Lakhs of People got hired into State and central government jobs due to this.


==Death==
==Death==
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==Family==
==Family==
He has two sons, [[Jalagam Prasada Rao]] and [[Jalagam Venkat Rao]]. [[Jalagam Prasada Rao]] was a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Satthupalli constituency for two terms and he was a minister in [[N. Janardhana Reddy|N. Janardhan Reddy]]'s cabinet. He held the portfolios of Small scale industries and Panchayat Raj.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tummala Nageswara Rao in for a grim battle |date=9 April 2009|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/04/09/stories/2004040904150400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040505215843/http://www.hindu.com/2004/04/09/stories/2004040904150400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 May 2004|work=[[The Hindu]] |accessdate=2012-09-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Jalagam to join hands with Jagan |date=8 June 2011 |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-08/hyderabad/29633257_1_ysr-congress-y-s-jaganmohan-reddy-khammam-assembly-seat |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103065316/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-08/hyderabad/29633257_1_ysr-congress-y-s-jaganmohan-reddy-khammam-assembly-seat |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 January 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=2012-09-27}}</ref>  [[Jalagam Venkat Rao]], is also a politician and {{As of|2009|lc=on}} was a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] of Andhra Pradesh, representing the INC for the same constituency, [[Sathupalli|Satthupalli]], as his father.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jalagam Vengala Rao remembered |date=6 May 2009 |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/06/stories/2009050652240300.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125132947/http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/06/stories/2009050652240300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 January 2013 |work=[[The Hindu]] |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/MLAs_1/DispForm.aspx?ID=277 |title=MLAs |publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh |accessdate=2012-03-27 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218162237/http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/MLAs_1/DispForm.aspx?ID=277 |archive-date=18 December 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
He has two sons, [[Jalagam Prasada Rao]] and [[Jalagam Venkat Rao]]. [[Jalagam Prasada Rao]] was a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Satthupalli constituency for two terms and he was a minister in [[N. Janardhana Reddy|N. Janardhan Reddy]]'s cabinet. He held the portfolios of Small scale industries and Panchayat Raj.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tummala Nageswara Rao in for a grim battle |date=9 April 2009|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/04/09/stories/2004040904150400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040505215843/http://www.hindu.com/2004/04/09/stories/2004040904150400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 May 2004|work=[[The Hindu]] |accessdate=2012-09-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Jalagam to join hands with Jagan |date=8 June 2011 |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-08/hyderabad/29633257_1_ysr-congress-y-s-jaganmohan-reddy-khammam-assembly-seat |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103065316/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-08/hyderabad/29633257_1_ysr-congress-y-s-jaganmohan-reddy-khammam-assembly-seat |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 January 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=2012-09-27}}</ref>  [[Jalagam Venkat Rao]], is also a politician and {{As of|2004|lc=on}} was a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] of Andhra Pradesh, representing the INC for the same constituency, [[Sathupalli|Satthupalli]], as his father.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jalagam Vengala Rao remembered |date=6 May 2009 |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/06/stories/2009050652240300.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125132947/http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/06/stories/2009050652240300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 January 2013 |work=[[The Hindu]] |accessdate=2012-03-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/MLAs_1/DispForm.aspx?ID=277 |title=MLAs |publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh |accessdate=2012-03-27 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218162237/http://www.portal.ap.gov.in/Government/Lists/MLAs_1/DispForm.aspx?ID=277 |archive-date=18 December 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==Commemoration==
==Commemoration==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Jalagam Vengal}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Jalagam Vengal}}
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:8th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:India MPs 1984–1989]]
[[Category:9th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:India MPs 1989–1991]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress]]
[[Category:People from Khammam district]]
[[Category:People from Khammam district]]
[[Category:Commerce and Industry Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Commerce and industry ministers of India]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 1962–1967]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 1967–1972]]
[[Category:Presidents of Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee]]

Latest revision as of 01:29, 10 March 2026


Not to be confused with Vengalrao Gottimukula or Vengal Rao.
Jalagam Vengala Rao
5th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
In office
10 December 1973 – 6 March 1978
Preceded byPresident's rule
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Succeeded byMarri Chenna Reddy
Minister of Commerce and Industry (Government of India)
In office
22 October 1986 – 2 December 1989
Prime MinisterRajiv Gandhi
Preceded byN. D. Tiwari
Succeeded byAjit Singh
Home Minister, Government of Andhra Pradesh
In office
18 July 1969 – 30 September 1971
Chief MinisterKasu Brahmananda Reddy
Industries Minister, Government of Andhra Pradesh
In office
20 March 1972 – 10 January 1973
Chief MinisterP. V. Narasimha Rao
President of Pradesh Congress Committee
In office
January 30, 1985 – October 30, 1988
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office
1984–1991
Preceded byJalagam Kondala Rao
Succeeded byP. V. Rangaiah Naidu
ConstituencyKhammam
Member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
In office
1978–1983
ConstituencySathupalli, Telangana
In office
1962–1978
ConstituencyVemsoor, Telangana
Personal details
BornMay 1921
Soperu, Madras Presidency, British India
Died12 June 1999 (aged 78)
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
ChildrenJalagam Prasada Rao,
Jalagam Venkat Rao

Jalagam Vengala Rao (4 May 1922[1] – 12 June 1999) was for much of his life a member of the Indian National Congress and was the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh which is now divided into two states, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

Early life[edit | edit source]

Vengala Rao hailed from Padmanayaka Velama community[2] of Bayyannagudem in Khammam district (currently part of the Telangana state).[3]

Career[edit | edit source]

His involvement in politics began when he was in his twenties, when he supported Congress in their campaign of armed defiance against the Nizam of Hyderabad. He was jailed for his involvement in this campaign, which was protesting the tenancy laws operating in the Telangana region. He tried and failed to be elected as an independent candidate in 1952 and the period from 1952 to that time saw him occupying the post of president for the Khammam district branch of Congress and being the first chairman of the district council. The first of his successful Assembly elections was in 1962, Rao subsequently was elected on four occasions to the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh, where he represented the Sathupalli constituency of Khammam district.

Lok Sabha[edit | edit source]

He was also twice (1984, 1989)elected to the Lok Sabha - the lower house of the Parliament of India - as a representative of the Khammam district constituency. [4]

As Home Minister[edit | edit source]

In 1968, he became State Home Minister in the state government headed by Kasu Brahmananda Reddy. Later, during his period as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, an office to which he was appointed by Indira Gandhi[5] and held between 10 December 1973 and 6 March 1978,[6] Rao's hallmark was his administrative efficiency.[4] He is also known for his handling and containment of Naxalite insurgency, which took place during a revival of the Telangana movement that sought independent statehood.[7] He almost wiped out Naxalism from the state through extrajudicial encounter killings.[8][9][10] Later, the Vimadalal commission was appointed to probe into attacks on Naxalites during his period in office[11] and his earlier actions against Communist-inspired Naxalites during the 1960s have been referred to as a "reign of terror".[7] The official website for the government of Andhra Pradesh refers to his tenure, which came about following a period of President's rule, politically stable.[12] Despite that popularity, he was unable to retain power in the 1978 elections.[13]

Congress split[edit | edit source]

When Congress split during the mid-1970s, Rao initially did not join with the faction led by Indira Gandhi that was referred to as Congress (I). However, he did join in 1984 and with his election to the Lok Sabha in that year he served in the cabinet of Rajiv Gandhi, holding the post of Union Minister for Industry until 1989. For much of this period, between 1984 and 1988, he was also president of the state organization of his political party, being the Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee.[4]

As Chief Minister[edit | edit source]

He was the 5th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 10 December 1973 – 5 March 1978. It was during his tenure as Chief Minister that three universities namely Kakatiya University, Acharya Nagarjuna University and Sri Krishnadevaraya University were started, catering for three regions of Andhra Pradesh: Telangana, Coastal Andhra, and Rayalaseema.[14][15][16] Rao initiated a World Telugu Conference in Hyderabad in 1975.[17]

In 1972, the Vengala Rao government added the Koppula and Polinati Velama communities to the BC-D category from OC(forward caste) to address drought economic hardship and regional backwardness in Uttarandhra specially in srikakulam.The move was prompted by drought conditions, regional backwardness not caste Backwardness in Uttarandhra, and to support the community's demand for social representation and to support educationally and economically .Lakhs of People got hired into State and central government jobs due to this.

Death[edit | edit source]

Jalagam Vengal Rao died on 12 June 1999.[4]

Family[edit | edit source]

He has two sons, Jalagam Prasada Rao and Jalagam Venkat Rao. Jalagam Prasada Rao was a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Satthupalli constituency for two terms and he was a minister in N. Janardhan Reddy's cabinet. He held the portfolios of Small scale industries and Panchayat Raj.[18][19] Jalagam Venkat Rao, is also a politician and as of 2004 was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh, representing the INC for the same constituency, Satthupalli, as his father.[20][21]

Commemoration[edit | edit source]

Rao wrote an autobiography in the Telugu language, called Naa Jeevitha Katha. The contents caused some controversy with regard to the lives of other politicians.[22][23] A part of it was published in English translation by Outlook magazine.[24]

A park in Banjara Hills, Hyderabad was named after him as Jalagam Vengal Rao Park.[25] There is also an upscale residential neighborhood named after him – Vengal Rao Nagar - and several educational institutions.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Jalagam Vengala Rao". veethi.com. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  2. ↑ బళ్ల సతీశ్ (8 April 2019). "తెలుగునాట కుల రాజకీయాలు: ఆ రెండు కులాల మధ్యే ప్రధాన పోటీ". BBC News తెలుగు (in తెలుగు). Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  3. ↑ Bhaskar, B. V. S. (7 September 2002). "Sathupally to be model assembly constituency". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Andhra ex-CM Vengala Rao dies at 78". Rediff.com. UNI. 12 June 1999. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  5. ↑ Reddi, Agarala Easwara (1994). State politics in India: reflections on Andhra Pradesh. M.D. Publications. p. 25. ISBN 9788185880518. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  6. ↑ "Chief Ministers: Sri. Jalagam Vengala Rao". Government of Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 27 March 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Guruswamy, Mohan (11 December 2009). "Telangana Part II". DNA. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  8. ↑ Amarnath K. Menon (21 January 2014). "Change in government in Andhra Pradesh brings fears of Emergency-type repression of Naxalite movement". India Today. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  9. ↑ "Telangana And Andhra Pradesh Have A Long History Of Encounter Killings". HuffPost. 7 December 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  10. ↑ Venugopal, N. (2007). "Fake Encounters: Story from Andhra Pradesh". Economic and Political Weekly. 42 (41): 4106–4111. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 40276541.
  11. ↑ Dwivedi, O.P.; Jain, R.B. (1 July 1988). "Bureaucratic Morality in India". International Political Science Review. 9 (3): 205–214. doi:10.1177/019251218800900305. ISSN 0192-5121. S2CID 144127879.
  12. ↑ "Post-Independence Era : Struggle for Andhra State". Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  13. ↑ "Naidu becomes fourth AP CM to return his party to power". Rediff.com. 7 October 1999. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  14. ↑ "About University". skuniversity.ac.in. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  15. ↑ "Acharya Nagarjuna University". www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in. Archived from the original on 26 April 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  16. ↑ "Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telangana, India". kakatiya.ac.in. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  17. ↑ Prasad, R.J. Rajendra (22 June 2001). "Bitter memories". Vol. 18, no. 12. Frontline. Archived from the original on 22 January 2010. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  18. ↑ "Tummala Nageswara Rao in for a grim battle". The Hindu. 9 April 2009. Archived from the original on 5 May 2004. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
  19. ↑ "Jalagam to join hands with Jagan". The Times of India. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  20. ↑ "Jalagam Vengala Rao remembered". The Hindu. 6 May 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  21. ↑ "MLAs". Government of Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 27 March 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  22. ↑ Sivanand, S. (11 September 1996). "Skeletons In The Closet: Erstwhile Andhra Pradesh chief minister Vengala Rao's memoirs rake up Narasimha Rao's past". Outlook. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  23. ↑ "Hey Ram!". The Times of India. TNN. 25 March 2001. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  24. ↑ "'Pv's Affair Upset Indira': Extracts from Jalagam Vengala Rao's autobiography". Outlook. 11 September 1996. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  25. ↑ "Birth anniversary of Jalagam celebrated". The Hindu. 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 8 May 2008. Retrieved 27 March 2012.

Further reading[edit | edit source]

  • Ravichandrababu, G. (1995). Sri Jalagam Vengal Rao: a political study. Anna Centre for Public Affairs, University of Madras.
  • Vimadalal, Jal Rustamji (1978). Report: Vimadalal Commission of Inquiry. The Vimadalal Commission.

Template:Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh

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