Climate of Himachal Pradesh: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by Mypasspoiu
Last edited September 18, 2025
VisualWikitext
>Mypasspoiu
mNo edit summary
 
minor cleanup
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2021}}
There is a huge variation in the climatic conditions of [[Himachal Pradesh]] due to variation in altitude ([tel:450–6500 450–6500] metres). The climate varies from hot and sub-humid tropical (450–900 metres) in the southern low tracts, warm and temperate ([tel:900–1800 900–1800] metres), cool and temperate ([tel:1900–2400 1900–2400] metres) and cold glacial and alpine ([tel:2400–4800 2400–4800] metres) in the northern and eastern high elevated mountain ranges.<br />
There is a huge variation in the climatic conditions of [[Himachal Pradesh]] due to variation in altitude (360–6500 metres). The climate varies from hot and sub-humid tropical (450–900 metres) in the southern low tracts, warm and temperate (900–1800 metres), cool and temperate (1800–2400 metres) and cold glacial and alpine (2400–4800 metres) in the northern and eastern high elevated mountain. Pollution is affecting the climate of almost all the states of India.
By October, nights and mornings are very cold. Snowfall at elevations of nearly 3000 m is about 3 m and lasts from December start to March end. About 4500 m, is perpetual snow.
<br />
The spring season starts from mid February to mid April. The weather is pleasant and comfortable in the season.<br />
The rainy season start at the end of the month of June. The landscape lushes green and fresh. During the season streams and natural springs are replenished. The heavy rains in July and August cause [[erosion]], [[flood]]s and [[landslides]]. Of all the state districts, [[Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamsala]] receives the highest rainfall, nearly about 130&nbsp;mm. [[Spiti]] is the driest area of the state (rainfall below 50mm). The reason is that it is enclosed by high mountains on all sides.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webindia123.com/himachal/land/climate.htm#C|title=Climate of Himachal Pradesh}}</ref>


By October, nights and mornings are very cold. Snowfall at elevations of nearly {{convert|3000|m|ft|-2|disp=or}} is about {{convert|3|m|in|-1|disp=or}} and lasts from a December start to March end. Above {{convert|4500|m|ft|-2|disp=or}} lies perpetual snow.
The spring season starts from mid February to mid April. The weather is pleasant and comfortable in this season. The rainy season starts at the end of the month of June. The landscape lushes green and fresh. During the season streams and natural springs are replenished. The heavy rains in July and August cause [[erosion]], [[flood]]s and [[landslides]]. Of all the state districts, [[Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh|Dharamshala]] receives the highest rainfall, nearly about {{convert|3400|mm|in|-1|disp=or}}. [[Spiti]] is the driest area of the state (rainfall below {{convert|200|mm|in|0|disp=or}}<ref name="Spiti">{{cite book|last=Kapadia|first=Harish|year=1999|title=Spiti: Adventures in the Trans-Himalaya|edition=2nd|location=[[New Delhi]]|publisher=Indus Publishing Company|isbn=81-7387-093-4|pages=26-27}}</ref>), because it is enclosed by high mountains on all sides.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webindia123.com/himachal/land/climate.htm#C|title=Climate of Himachal Pradesh}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
| [[Altitude]]
! [[Altitude]]
| Up to 800 m
! Up to {{convert|800|m|ft|-2}}
| 800m-1,600m
! {{convert|800|to|1,600|m|ft|-2}}
| 1,600m-2,700m
! {{convert|1,600|to|2,700|m|ft|-2}}
| 2,700m-3,600m
! {{convert|2,700|to|3,600|m|ft|-2}}
|-
|-


| Type of area
| Type of area
| Valley areas and foothills  
| Valley areas and foothills
| Hilly and mountain ranges
| Hilly and mountain ranges
| Alpine zone
| Alpine zone
| Lahaul Spiti and Kinnaur range
| Lahaul, Spiti and Kinnaur range
|-
|-
| Climatic conditions
| Climatic conditions
| [[Sub tropical]]
| [[Subtropical]]
| Slightly warm temperature
| Slightly warm temperature
| Cool temperature with humidity
| Cool temperature with humidity
| Dry and extremely cold conditions
| Dry and extremely cold conditions
|-
|-
| [[Rainfall]] in mm.
| [[Precipitation]]
| 1,500
| {{convert|1,500|mm|in|-1|disp=or}}
| 1,[tel:500-3000 500-3000]
| {{convert|1,500|to|3,000|mm|in|-1|disp=or}}
| 1,000-1,500
| {{convert|1,000|to|1,500|mm|in|-1|disp=or}}
| 500
| {{convert|500|mm|in|-1|disp=or}}
|-
|-
| % of total geographical area
| % of total geographical area
Line 40: Line 41:
|-
|-
| % of total cultivated area
| % of total cultivated area
| 55%
| 56%
| 30%
| 30%
| 10%
| 10%
Line 46: Line 47:
|}
|}


==Rainfall in Himachal Pradesh. ==
==Rainfall==
The average annual rainfall is {{convert|1,251|mm|in|0|disp=or}}. The rainy season starts at the end of the month of June. The landscape lushes green and fresh. During the seasonal streams and natural springs are replenished. The heavy rains in July and August cause erosion, floods, and landslides. Of all the state districts, Dharamshala receives the highest precipitation, nearly about {{convert|3400|mm|in|-1|disp=or}}. Spiti is the driest area of the state with precipitation below {{convert|200|mm|in|0|disp=or}}.<ref name="Spiti"/>
 
==Climate data==
{{Dharamshala weatherbox}}
{{Weather box
| location = [[Shimla]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cwb'')
| width = auto
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| collapsed = Yes
| Jan record high C = 21.4
| Feb record high C = 22.6
| Mar record high C = 25.8
| Apr record high C = 29.6
| May record high C = 32.4
| Jun record high C = 31.5
| Jul record high C = 28.9
| Aug record high C = 27.8
| Sep record high C = 28.6
| Oct record high C = 25.6
| Nov record high C = 23.5
| Dec record high C = 20.5
| year record high C = 32.4
| Jan high C = 10.9
| Feb high C = 11.9
| Mar high C = 15.8
| Apr high C = 20.5
| May high C = 24.1
| Jun high C = 24.8
| Jul high C = 22.6
| Aug high C = 22.0
| Sep high C = 22.1
| Oct high C = 20.3
| Nov high C = 16.7
| Dec high C = 13.5
| year high C = 18.8
| Jan low C = 2.8
| Feb low C = 3.7
| Mar low C = 7.0
| Apr low C = 11.4
| May low C = 14.6
| Jun low C = 16.2
| Jul low C = 15.9
| Aug low C = 15.5
| Sep low C = 14.1
| Oct low C = 11.1
| Nov low C = 7.8
| Dec low C = 5.1
| year low C = 10.4
| Jan record low C = -10.6
| Feb record low C = -8.5
| Mar record low C = -6.1
| Apr record low C = -1.3
| May record low C = 1.4
| Jun record low C = 7.8
| Jul record low C = 9.4
| Aug record low C = 10.6
| Sep record low C = 5.0
| Oct record low C = 0.2
| Nov record low C = -1.1
| Dec record low C = -12.2
| year record low C = -12.2
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 66.4
| Feb rain mm = 75.3
| Mar rain mm = 81.2
| Apr rain mm = 60.8
| May rain mm = 90.3
| Jun rain mm = 181.9
| Jul rain mm = 329.8
| Aug rain mm = 320.4
| Sep rain mm = 142.3
| Oct rain mm = 36.7
| Nov rain mm = 18.4
| Dec rain mm = 24.2
| year rain mm = 1427.7
| Jan snow cm = 42
| Feb snow cm = 43
| Mar snow cm = 7
| Apr snow cm = 0
| May snow cm = 0
| Jun snow cm = 0
| Jul snow cm = 0
| Aug snow cm = 0
| Sep snow cm = 0
| Oct snow cm = 0
| Nov snow cm = 0
| Dec snow cm = 7
| year snow cm =
| Jan rain days = 4.2
| Feb rain days = 5.6
| Mar rain days = 6.1
| Apr rain days = 4.8
| May rain days = 7.0
| Jun rain days = 9.6
| Jul rain days = 17.0
| Aug rain days = 15.7
| Sep rain days = 8.2
| Oct rain days = 2.3
| Nov rain days = 1.3
| Dec rain days = 2.0
| year rain days = 83.7
| Jan snow days = 4.2
| Feb snow days = 4.2
| Mar snow days = 1.4
| Apr snow days = 0.0
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.0
| Nov snow days = 0.1
| Dec snow days = 1.3
| year snow days =
| time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 67
| Feb humidity = 65
| Mar humidity = 57
| Apr humidity = 47
| May humidity = 48
| Jun humidity = 62
| Jul humidity = 85
| Aug humidity = 88
| Sep humidity = 79
| Oct humidity = 63
| Nov humidity = 61
| Dec humidity = 60
| year humidity = 65
| Jan uv = 3
| Feb uv = 3
| Mar uv = 5
| Apr uv = 6
| May uv = 6
| Jun uv = 6
| Jul uv = 6
| Aug uv = 5
| Sep uv = 5
| Oct uv = 4
| Nov uv = 4
| Dec uv = 3
| source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]] (snow 1990–2010)<ref>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Shimla Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 703–704
| access-date = 14 February 2020}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M71
| access-date = 13 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1= Tyagi |first1= Ajit |last2= Singh |first2= O. |last3= Singh |first3= Manmohan |last4= Bhan |first4= S. |url= http://121.241.116.157/news_events/Shimla_climate.pdf |title= Climate of Shimla |publisher= India Meteorological Department |access-date= 6 April 2016 |archive-date= 20 April 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160420140230/http://121.241.116.157/news_events/Shimla_climate.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015)<ref>{{cite web
|url = https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/india/shimla/climate
|title = Climate & Weather Averages in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
|publisher = Time and Date
|access-date = 20 July 2022}}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather Atlas<ref name="Weather Atlas Shimla">
{{cite web
| url = https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/india/shimla-climate
| title = Climate and monthly weather forecast Shimla, India
| publisher = Weather Atlas
| access-date = 13 June 2022
}}</ref>
| date = May 2014
| source =
| Jan dew point C = 8
| Feb dew point C = 12
| Mar dew point C = 15
| Apr dew point C = 16
| May dew point C = 19
| Jun dew point C = 23
| Jul dew point C = 26
| Aug dew point C = 26
| Sep dew point C = 24
| Oct dew point C = 19
| Nov dew point C = 13
| Dec dew point C = 10
}}
{{Weather box
| location = [[Sundar Nagar]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cwa'')
| metric first = Yes
| single line  = Yes
| collapsed = Yes
| width = auto
| Jan record high C = 27.7
| Feb record high C = 30.5
| Mar record high C = 35.0
| Apr record high C = 39.9
| May record high C = 41.4
| Jun record high C = 42.1
| Jul record high C = 39.2
| Aug record high C = 35.1
| Sep record high C = 34.1
| Oct record high C = 33.6
| Nov record high C = 31.2
| Dec record high C = 26.8
| year record high C = 42.1
| Jan high C = 17.8
| Feb high C = 19.8
| Mar high C = 24.7
| Apr high C = 30.1
| May high C = 33.8
| Jun high C = 34.1
| Jul high C = 30.9
| Aug high C = 30.2
| Sep high C = 30.3
| Oct high C = 28.5
| Nov high C = 24.3
| Dec high C = 19.5
| year high C = 27.0
| Jan low C = 2.8
| Feb low C = 5.1
| Mar low C = 9.0
| Apr low C = 13.0
| May low C = 17.1
| Jun low C = 20.0
| Jul low C = 21.8
| Aug low C = 21.5
| Sep low C = 18.6
| Oct low C = 11.8
| Nov low C = 6.3
| Dec low C = 3.0
| year low C = 12.5
| Jan record low C = -2.7
| Feb record low C = -1.9
| Mar record low C = -0.4
| Apr record low C = 0.5
| May record low C = 9.6
| Jun record low C = 11.4
| Jul record low C = 16.5
| Aug record low C = 15.1
| Sep record low C = 10.2
| Oct record low C = 5.4
| Nov record low C = 1.0
| Dec record low C = -1.6
| year record low C = -2.7
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 61.9
| Feb rain mm = 72.4
| Mar rain mm = 78.1
| Apr rain mm = 50.5
| May rain mm = 83.1
| Jun rain mm = 176.6
| Jul rain mm = 348.8
| Aug rain mm = 314.3
| Sep rain mm = 137.1
| Oct rain mm = 35.7
| Nov rain mm = 13.2
| Dec rain mm = 35.5
| year rain mm = 1407.4
| Jan rain days = 4.0
| Feb rain days = 5.4
| Mar rain days = 5.8
| Apr rain days = 3.9
| May rain days = 6.3
| Jun rain days = 9.2
| Jul rain days = 14.9
| Aug rain days = 13.8
| Sep rain days = 7.1
| Oct rain days = 1.8
| Nov rain days = 1.0
| Dec rain days = 2.1
| year rain days = 75.4
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 54
| Feb humidity = 48
| Mar humidity = 42
| Apr humidity = 34
| May humidity = 37
| Jun humidity = 49
| Jul humidity = 71
| Aug humidity = 76
| Sep humidity = 69
| Oct humidity = 54
| Nov humidity = 53
| Dec humidity = 57
|year humidity = 54
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormalssun>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Sundernagar Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 725–726
| access-date = 15 February 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremesSun>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M72
| access-date = 15 February 2020}}</ref>
}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}{{more citations needed|date=September 2021}}
 
{{Climate of India by state or territory}}
{{Geo HP}}
{{Geo HP}}
{{Himachal Pradesh topics}}
{{Himachal Pradesh topics}}

Latest revision as of 20:14, 18 September 2025


There is a huge variation in the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh due to variation in altitude (360–6500 metres). The climate varies from hot and sub-humid tropical (450–900 metres) in the southern low tracts, warm and temperate (900–1800 metres), cool and temperate (1800–2400 metres) and cold glacial and alpine (2400–4800 metres) in the northern and eastern high elevated mountain. Pollution is affecting the climate of almost all the states of India.

By October, nights and mornings are very cold. Snowfall at elevations of nearly 3,000 metres or 9,800 feet is about 3 metres or 120 inches and lasts from a December start to March end. Above 4,500 metres or 14,800 feet lies perpetual snow.

The spring season starts from mid February to mid April. The weather is pleasant and comfortable in this season. The rainy season starts at the end of the month of June. The landscape lushes green and fresh. During the season streams and natural springs are replenished. The heavy rains in July and August cause erosion, floods and landslides. Of all the state districts, Dharamshala receives the highest rainfall, nearly about 3,400 millimetres or 130 inches. Spiti is the driest area of the state (rainfall below 200 millimetres or 8 inches[1]), because it is enclosed by high mountains on all sides.[2]

Altitude Up to 800 metres (2,600 ft) 800 to 1,600 metres (2,600 to 5,200 ft) 1,600 to 2,700 metres (5,200 to 8,900 ft) 2,700 to 3,600 metres (8,900 to 11,800 ft)
Type of area Valley areas and foothills Hilly and mountain ranges Alpine zone Lahaul, Spiti and Kinnaur range
Climatic conditions Subtropical Slightly warm temperature Cool temperature with humidity Dry and extremely cold conditions
Precipitation 1,500 millimetres or 60 inches 1,500 to 3,000 millimetres or 60 to 120 inches 1,000 to 1,500 millimetres or 40 to 60 inches 500 millimetres or 20 inches
% of total geographical area 30% 10% 25% 35%
% of total cultivated area 56% 30% 10% 5%

Rainfall[edit | edit source]

The average annual rainfall is 1,251 millimetres or 49 inches. The rainy season starts at the end of the month of June. The landscape lushes green and fresh. During the seasonal streams and natural springs are replenished. The heavy rains in July and August cause erosion, floods, and landslides. Of all the state districts, Dharamshala receives the highest precipitation, nearly about 3,400 millimetres or 130 inches. Spiti is the driest area of the state with precipitation below 200 millimetres or 8 inches.[1]

Climate data[edit | edit source]

Template:Dharamshala weatherbox

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kapadia, Harish (1999). Spiti: Adventures in the Trans-Himalaya (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company. pp. 26–27. ISBN 81-7387-093-4.
  2. ↑ "Climate of Himachal Pradesh".
  3. ↑ "Station: Shimla Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 703–704. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  4. ↑ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M71. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  5. ↑ Tyagi, Ajit; Singh, O.; Singh, Manmohan; Bhan, S. "Climate of Shimla" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
  6. ↑ "Climate & Weather Averages in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India". Time and Date. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
  7. ↑ "Climate and monthly weather forecast Shimla, India". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
  8. ↑ "Station: Sundernagar Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 725–726. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  9. ↑ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M72. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.

Template:Geo HP

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climate_of_Himachal_Pradesh&oldid=458853"
Discover more