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{{Short description|Russian heavy military transport aircraft}}
{{Short description|Russian heavy four-engined military transport jet aircraft}}
{{Redirect|Il-76|the road|Illinois Route 76}}
{{Redirect|Il-76|the road|Illinois Route 76}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2025}}
{{use dmy dates|date= October 2024}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout, and guidelines. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout, and guidelines. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
{{Infobox aircraft
|name = Il-76
| name = Il-76
|image = File:IL-76MD - TankBiathlon2013 (modified).jpg
| image = Il-76MD-90A RF-78653.jpg
|caption = A [[Russian Air Force]] Il-76MD
| caption = A [[Russian Air Force]] Il-76MD-90A
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
| type = Strategic and tactical [[airlift]]er
|type = Strategic and tactical [[airlift]]er
| national_origin = [[Soviet Union]] / [[Russia]]
|national origin = Soviet Union / Russia
| design_group = [[Ilyushin]]
|design group = [[Ilyushin]]
| builder = [[Tashkent Aviation Production Association]] <br>[[Aviastar-SP]]
|builder = [[Tashkent Aviation Production Association]] <br>[[Aviastar-SP]]
| designer = <!--Only appropriate for designers, not project leaders -->
|designer = <!--Only appropriate for designers, not project leaders -->
| first_flight = {{Start date and age|25 March 1971}}
|first flight = 25 March 1971
| introduction = {{Start date and age|June 1974}}<ref name=but2004/>
|introduced = June 1974<ref name=but2004/>
| status = In service
|status = In service
| primary_user = [[Soviet Air Forces]] (historical)<!--Limit one (1) primary user. Top four (4) users listed in 'primary user' and 'more users' fields based on number of aircraft in service. -->
|primary user = [[Soviet Air Forces]] (historical)<!--Limit one (1) primary user. Top four (4) users listed in 'primary user' and 'more users' fields based on number of aircraft in service. -->
| more_users = [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] <br/> [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] <br/> [[Indian Air Force]] <!-- Limit is THREE (3) in 'more users' field, FOUR (4) total users with primary user. Please separate with <br />. Listed by actual number in their fleets.-->
|more users = [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] <br/> [[Ukrainian Air Force]] <br/> [[Indian Air Force]] <!-- Limit is THREE (3) in 'more users' field, FOUR (4) total users with primary user. Please separate with <br />. Listed by actual number in their fleets.-->
| produced = 1971–present<!--Years in production (e.g. 1970–99) if still in active use but no longer built -->
|produced = 1971–present<!--Years in production (e.g. 1970–99) if still in active use but no longer built -->
| number_built = 981<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://russianplanes.net/planelist/Ilushin/Il-76/78/A-50#years |website=russianplanes.net |title= САМОЛЁТЫ ИЛЬЮШИН ИЛ-76/78/А-50 - РЕЕСТР |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref>
|number built = 960+<ref>[ Ilyushin Il-76: Russia's Versatile Jet Freighter]</ref>
| variants = [[Ilyushin Il-78]] <br /> [[Beriev A-50]] <br />[[Beriev A-60]] <br />[[Beriev A-100]] <br />[[Shaanxi KJ-2000]]
|variants with their own articles = [[Ilyushin Il-78]] <br />[[Beriev A-50]] <br />[[KJ-2000]]
}}
}}
|}


The '''Ilyushin Il-76''' ({{lang-ru|Илью́шин Ил-76}}; [[NATO reporting name]]: '''Candid''') is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engine [[turbofan]] [[strategic airlift]]er designed by the [[Soviet Union]]'s [[Ilyushin]] design bureau as a commercial freighter in 1967, to replace the [[Antonov An-12]]. It was developed to deliver heavy machinery to remote, poorly served areas. Military versions of the Il-76 have been widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including use as an [[aerial refueling]] tanker or command center.
The '''Ilyushin Il-76''' ({{langx|ru|Илью́шин Ил-76}}; [[NATO reporting name]]: '''Candid''') is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engine [[turbofan]] [[strategic airlift]]er designed by the [[Soviet Union]]'s [[Ilyushin]] design bureau as a commercial freighter in 1967, to replace the [[Antonov An-12]]. It was developed to deliver heavy machinery to remote and poorly served areas. Military versions of the Il-76 have been widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including use as an [[aerial refueling]] tanker and command center.


The Il-76 has seen extensive service as a commercial freighter for ramp-delivered cargo, especially for outsized or heavy items that cannot be carried by other means. It has also been used as an emergency response transport for civilian evacuations as well as for humanitarian aid and disaster relief around the world. Due to its ability to operate from unpaved runways, it has been useful in undeveloped areas. Specialized models have also been produced for aerial firefighting and zero-G training.
The Il-76 has seen extensive service as a commercial freighter for ramp-delivered cargo, especially for outsized or heavy items that cannot be carried by other means. It has also been used as an emergency response transport for civilian evacuations as well as for humanitarian aid and disaster relief around the world. Thanks to its ability to operate from unpaved runways, it has been useful in undeveloped areas. Specialized models have also been produced for [[aerial firefighting]] and [[Reduced-gravity aircraft|reduced-gravity training]].


==Design and development==
==Design and development==
[[File:Volga-Dnepr IL-76 RA-76950 (8222957212) (2).jpg|thumb|The Il-76 is a [[high-wing]] freighter with [[Four-engined jet aircraft|four turbofans]] and a [[T-tail]].]]
[[File:Volga-Dnepr IL-76 RA-76950 (8222957212) (2).jpg|thumb|The Il-76 is a [[high-wing]] freighter with [[Four-engined jet aircraft|four turbofans]] and a [[T-tail]]]]


===Origins===
===Origins===
The aircraft was conceived by [[Ilyushin]] in 1967 to meet a requirement for a freighter able to carry a payload of {{convert|40|t|lb}} over a range of {{convert|5000|km|nmi mi}} in less than six hours, able to operate from short{{vague|date=August 2022}} and unprepared airstrips, and capable of coping with the worst weather conditions likely to be experienced in Siberia and the Soviet Union's Arctic regions. It was intended to replace the [[Antonov An-12]]. Another project design for a double-decked 250-passenger airliner was cancelled. The Il-76 first flew in {{start date|1971|3}}.<ref>{{cite news|title= Ilyushin|agency= [[Flight International]]|publisher= [[Flightglobal]] |date= 4 December 1996 |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ilyushin-10206/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130523125647/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ilyushin-10206/|archive-date= 2013-05-23 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
The aircraft was conceived by [[Ilyushin]] in 1967 to meet a requirement for a freighter able to carry a payload of {{convert|40|t|lb}} over a range of {{convert|5000|km|nmi mi}} in less than six hours, able to operate from short (500 metres or less for a commercial airliner) and unprepared airstrips, and capable of coping with the worst weather conditions likely to be experienced in Siberia and the Soviet Union's Arctic regions. It was intended to replace the [[Antonov An-12]]. Another project design for a double-decked 250-passenger airliner was canceled. The Il-76 first flew in {{start date|1971|3}}.<ref>{{cite news|title= Ilyushin|agency= [[Flight International]]|publisher= [[Flightglobal]] |date= 4 December 1996 |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ilyushin-10206/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130523125647/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ilyushin-10206/|archive-date= 2013-05-23 |url-status= dead}}</ref>


Production of Il-76s was allocated to the [[Tashkent Aviation Production Association]] in [[Tashkent]], [[Uzbekistan]], then a republic of the [[Soviet Union]]. Some 860 of the basic transport variants were manufactured.<ref name=butowski/> In the 1990s, modernized variants also equipped with [[Soloviev D-30]] turbofan engines<ref>{{cite journal|title=Commercial aircraft of the world–Ilyushin Il-76|journal=[[Flight International]] |date=4–10 September 1991|volume=4283|issue=140|pages=66 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%202340.html|access-date=15 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116075006/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%202340.html|archive-date=16 November 2017 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> were developed (MF, TF), with a cargo compartment {{cvt|20|m|||}} long by {{cvt|3.4|m|||}} wide by {{cvt|3.4|m|||}} tall; these larger variants were not produced in significant quantity due to the financial difficulties being experienced by the Russian Air Force, which was the primary operator of the type.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} The prototype of the Il-76MF conducted its first flight on 1 August 1995.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}}
Production of Il-76s was allocated to the [[Tashkent Aviation Production Association]] in [[Tashkent]], [[Uzbekistan]], then a republic of the [[Soviet Union]]. Some 860 of the basic transport variants were manufactured.<ref name=butowski/> In the 1990s, modernized variants also equipped with [[Soloviev D-30]] turbofan engines<ref>{{cite journal|title=Commercial aircraft of the world–Ilyushin Il-76|journal=[[Flight International]] |date=4–10 September 1991|volume=4283|issue=140|pages=66 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%202340.html|access-date=15 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116075006/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%202340.html|archive-date=16 November 2017 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> were developed (MF, TF), with a cargo compartment {{cvt|20|m|||}} long by {{cvt|3.4|m|||}} wide by {{cvt|3.4|m|||}} tall; these larger variants were not produced in significant quantity due to the financial difficulties being experienced by the Russian Air Force, which was the primary operator of the type.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}}


===Further development===
===Further development===
From 2004 onwards, a number of aircraft in commercial service were modernized to the Il-76TD-90VD version; this involved the adoption of the newly developed [[Aviadvigatel PS-90|PS-90]] engine to comply with European noise limitations.<ref name=but2004>Butowski, Piotr. ''Iliuszyn Ił-76 powraca''. ''Lotnictwo'' nr. 9/2004, p. 28-32 {{in lang|pl}}</ref> In 2005, the [[People's Republic of China]] placed an order for 34 new Il-76MDs and four Il-78 tankers.{{Citation needed|date=June 2014}} In June 2013, Russian military export agency [[Rosoboronexport]] announced an order by China for 12 Il-76MD aircraft.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |title=IL-76MD aircraft will be provided to China |access-date=2013-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624074440/http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |archive-date=2013-06-24 |url-status=dead}}{{unreliable source? |date=July 2013}}</ref>
From 2004 onwards, a number of aircraft in commercial service were modernized to the Il-76TD-90VD version; this involved the adoption of the newly developed [[Aviadvigatel PS-90|PS-90]] engine to comply with European noise limitations.<ref name=but2004>Butowski, Piotr. ''Iliuszyn Ił-76 powraca''. ''Lotnictwo'' nr. 9/2004, p. 28–32 {{in lang|pl}}</ref> In 2005, the [[People's Republic of China]] placed an order for 34 new Il-76MDs and four Il-78 tankers.{{Citation needed|date=June 2014}} In June 2013, Russian military export agency [[Rosoboronexport]] announced an order by China for 12 Il-76MD aircraft.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |title=IL-76MD aircraft will be provided to China |access-date=2013-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624074440/http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |archive-date=2013-06-24 |url-status=dead}}{{unreliable source? |date=July 2013}}</ref>


[[File:Ильюшин Ил-76-78-А-50 0083483510, Москва - ВнуковоRP38653.jpg|thumb|Landing gear of an Ilyushin Il-76]]
[[File:Ильюшин Ил-76-78-А-50 0083483510, Москва - ВнуковоRP38653.jpg|thumb|Landing gear of an Ilyushin Il-76]]
The Il-76 has also been modified into an [[Aerial refueling|airborne refuelling tanker]], designated the [[Il-78]], around 50 aircraft having been produced.<ref name=butowski/> A variant of the Il-76 also serves as a firefighting [[waterbomber]]. Its airframe was used as a base for the [[Beriev]] [[Beriev A-50|A-50 'Mainstay']] [[Airborne Early Warning and Control|AEW&C]] (airborne early warning and control) aircraft; around 25 aircraft were made.<ref name=butowski/> Another application for the type was found in [[Antarctic]] support flights and for conducting [[reduced-gravity aircraft|simulated weightlessness]] training for [[cosmonauts]] (akin to the "Vomit Comet" used by NASA).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Марка_России_2006г_№1073-Самолет_ИЛ-76ТД_и_научно-экспедиционное_судно_%22Академик_Федоров%22;_панорама_станции.jpg|title=File:Марка России 2006г №1073-Самолет ИЛ-76ТД и научно-экспедиционное судно "Академик Федоров"; панорама станции.jpg |date=2006-01-26|work=Stamps of Russia|publisher=Publishing and Trading Centre "Marka"|access-date=2009-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203513/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_2006%D0%B3_%E2%84%961073-%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%98%D0%9B-76%D0%A2%D0%94_%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%22%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%22;_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg|archive-date=2013-10-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> Beriev and [[NPO Almaz]] also developed an [[airborne laser]] flying laboratory designated [[Beriev A-60|A-60]], of which two were built, much of this project's details remaining classified.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airwar.ru/enc/other/a60.html|title=âÅÒÉÅ× á-60|website=airwar.ru|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818093345/http://airwar.ru/enc/other/a60.html|archive-date=18 August 2018 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
[[File:Il-76 transport aircraft landing at the Brest airport.jpg|thumb|Landing of the Il-76 transport aircraft at the [[Brest, Belarus|Brest]] airport]]
The Il-76 has also been modified into an [[Aerial refueling|airborne refueling tanker]], designated the [[Il-78]], around 50 aircraft having been produced.<ref name=butowski/> A variant of the Il-76 also serves as a firefighting [[waterbomber]]. Its airframe was used as a base for the [[Beriev]] [[Beriev A-50|A-50 'Mainstay']] [[Airborne Early Warning and Control|AEW&C]] (airborne early warning and control) aircraft; around 25 aircraft were made.<ref name=butowski/> Another application for the type was found in [[Antarctic]] support flights and for conducting [[reduced-gravity aircraft|simulated weightlessness]] training for [[cosmonauts]] (akin to the "Vomit Comet" used by NASA).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Марка_России_2006г_№1073-Самолет_ИЛ-76ТД_и_научно-экспедиционное_судно_%22Академик_Федоров%22;_панорама_станции.jpg|title=File:Марка России 2006г №1073-Самолет ИЛ-76ТД и научно-экспедиционное судно "Академик Федоров"; панорама станции.jpg |date=2006-01-26|work=Stamps of Russia|publisher=Publishing and Trading Centre "Marka"|access-date=2009-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203513/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_2006%D0%B3_%E2%84%961073-%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%98%D0%9B-76%D0%A2%D0%94_%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%22%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%22;_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.jpg|archive-date=2013-10-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> Beriev and [[NPO Almaz]] also developed an [[airborne laser]] flying laboratory designated [[Beriev A-60|A-60]], of which two were built, much of this project's details remaining classified.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airwar.ru/enc/other/a60.html|title=âÅÒÉÅ× á-60|website=airwar.ru|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818093345/http://airwar.ru/enc/other/a60.html|archive-date=18 August 2018 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


===Il-76MD-90A===
===Il-76MD-90A===
It was announced in 2010 that the production of a modernized Il-76, the Il-76MD-90A (also known as ''project Il-476'' during the design stage), would begin; a proposed new production line would be located in [[Aviastar]]'s facility in [[Ulyanovsk]], Russia, and be operated in cooperation with the Tashkent works.<ref name=butowski>Butowski, Piotr. ''Rosyjski kontrakt na Ił-76 i Ił-78 dla Chin''. ''Lotnictwo'' nr. 1/2007, pp. 54–55 {{in lang|pl}}</ref> At that point, the construction of two Il-76MD-90A prototypes had begun at the Ulyanovsk facility.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vpk.name/news/41009_postavki_transportnikov_il476_zakazchikam_nachnutsya_v_2012_godu.html |title=Поставки транспортников Ил-476 заказчикам начнутся в 2012 году – ВПК.name |date=2 July 2010 |publisher=Vpk.name |access-date=2010-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110124194410/http://vpk.name/news/41009_postavki_transportnikov_il476_zakazchikam_nachnutsya_v_2012_godu.html |archive-date=2011-01-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> The first Il-76MD-90A was rolled out at Aviastar's Ulyanovsk plant on 16 June 2014.<ref name="DID_Il-476"/> On 29 April 2015, it was reported that the Russian Aerospace Forces received the first Il-76MD-90A built at the Ulyanovsk plant "Aviastar-SP" from the 2012 contract for 39 aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150429/1061634982.html |script-title=ru:Первый серийный самолет Ил-76МД-90А передан Минобороны России |language=ru |trans-title=The first production aircraft Il-76MD-90A passed the Russian Defense Ministry |newspaper=[[RIA Novosti]] |date=29 April 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501143543/http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150429/1061634982.html |archive-date=May 1, 2015}}&nbsp;</ref> The Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD) received its first serial production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A airlifter on 2 April 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.janes.com/article/87659/russian-mod-receives-first-serial-production-il-76md-90a-airlifter |title=Russian MoD receives first serial production Il-76MD-90A airlifter &#124; Jane's 360 |access-date=2019-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404151310/https://www.janes.com/article/87659/russian-mod-receives-first-serial-production-il-76md-90a-airlifter |archive-date=2019-04-04 |url-status=live}}</ref> As of mid-2023, 27 aircraft are ordered to be delivered in the period up to 2028 and 17 had been built.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4357839?from=main_8|title=Минобороны переоценило транспортные самолеты |date=28 May 2020|via=Kommersant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tass.com/defense/1231263|title = Russian radars track 30 foreign spy planes and six drones over week}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0129/153061471/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / Предприятия ОАК выполнили гособоронзаказ в 2020 году|access-date=2021-01-30|archive-date=2021-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108054216/https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0129/153061471/detail.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0716/103063597/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / Минобороны России получило новый военно-транспортный самолет Ил-76МД-90А|access-date=2021-07-18|archive-date=2021-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210194719/https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0716/103063597/detail.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0909/093064415/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / Первый Ил-76МД-90А, собранный в АО "Авиастар-СП" на новой поточной линии, передан заказчику|access-date=2021-09-10|archive-date=2021-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210194718/https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0909/093064415/detail.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uacrussia.ru/ru/press-center/news/ocherednoy-seriynyy-samolet-il-76md-90a-peredan-v-ekspluatatsiyu|title=Очередной серийный самолет Ил-76МД-90А передан в эксплуатацию|website=www.uacrussia.ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2022/1012/091069867/detail.shtml | title=ЦАМТО / / ОАК передала Минобороны транспортники Ил-76МД-90А и Ил-76МД-М }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://tass.com/defense/1542553 | title=Defense contractor delivers new top-notch military transport plane to Russian troops }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2022/1230/150571078/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / ПАО «ОАК» выполнило гособоронзаказ 2022 года|website=armstrade.org|accessdate=February 27, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2023/0530/112073357/detail.shtml | title=ЦАМТО / / Очередной серийный Ил-76МД-90А передан в эксплуатацию }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2023/0811/121574590/detail.shtml | title=ЦАМТО / / ОАК передала Минобороны России очередной серийный Ил-76МД-90А }}</ref>
It was announced in 2010 that the production of a modernized Il-76, the Il-76MD-90A (also known as ''project Il-476'' during the design stage), would begin; a proposed new production line would be located in [[Aviastar-SP|Aviastar]]'s facility in [[Ulyanovsk]], Russia, and be operated in cooperation with the Tashkent works.<ref name=butowski>Butowski, Piotr. ''Rosyjski kontrakt na Ił-76 i Ił-78 dla Chin''. ''Lotnictwo'' nr. 1/2007, pp. 54–55 {{in lang|pl}}</ref> At that point, the construction of two Il-76MD-90A prototypes had begun at the Ulyanovsk facility.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vpk.name/news/41009_postavki_transportnikov_il476_zakazchikam_nachnutsya_v_2012_godu.html |title=Поставки транспортников Ил-476 заказчикам начнутся в 2012 году – ВПК.name |date=2 July 2010 |publisher=Vpk.name |access-date=2010-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110124194410/http://vpk.name/news/41009_postavki_transportnikov_il476_zakazchikam_nachnutsya_v_2012_godu.html |archive-date=2011-01-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> The first Il-76MD-90A was rolled out at Aviastar's Ulyanovsk plant on 16 June 2014.<ref name="DID_Il-476"/> On 29 April 2015, it was reported that the [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] received the first Il-76MD-90A built at the Ulyanovsk plant "Aviastar-SP" from the 2012 contract for 39 aircraft.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150429/1061634982.html |script-title=ru:Первый серийный самолет Ил-76МД-90А передан Минобороны России |language=ru |trans-title=The first production aircraft Il-76MD-90A passed the Russian Defense Ministry |newspaper=[[RIA Novosti]] |date=29 April 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501143543/http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150429/1061634982.html |archive-date=May 1, 2015}}</ref> The [[Russian Ministry of Defence]] (MoD) received its first serial production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A airlifter on 2 April 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.janes.com/article/87659/russian-mod-receives-first-serial-production-il-76md-90a-airlifter |title=Russian MoD receives first serial production Il-76MD-90A airlifter &#124; Jane's 360 |access-date=2019-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404151310/https://www.janes.com/article/87659/russian-mod-receives-first-serial-production-il-76md-90a-airlifter |archive-date=2019-04-04 |url-status=live}}</ref> As of late 2025, 27 aircraft are ordered to be delivered in the period up to 2028 and 27+ had been built, six in 2023, six in 2024, and seven in 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4357839?from=main_8 |title=Минобороны переоценило транспортные самолеты |date=28 May 2020|via=Kommersant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tass.com/defense/1231263|title = Russian radars track 30 foreign spy planes and six drones over week}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0129/153061471/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / Предприятия ОАК выполнили гособоронзаказ в 2020 году |access-date= 30 January 2021 |archive-date= 8 November 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211108054216/https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0129/153061471/detail.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0716/103063597/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / Минобороны России получило новый военно-транспортный самолет Ил-76МД-90А |access-date= 18 July 2021 |archive-date= 10 December 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211210194719/https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0716/103063597/detail.shtml |url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0909/093064415/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / Первый Ил-76МД-90А, собранный в АО "Авиастар-СП" на новой поточной линии, передан заказчику |access-date= 10 September 2021 |archive-date= 10 December 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211210194718/https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2021/0909/093064415/detail.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uacrussia.ru/ru/press-center/news/ocherednoy-seriynyy-samolet-il-76md-90a-peredan-v-ekspluatatsiyu|title=Очередной серийный самолет Ил-76МД-90А передан в эксплуатацию|website=www.uacrussia.ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2022/1012/091069867/detail.shtml | title=ЦАМТО / / ОАК передала Минобороны транспортники Ил-76МД-90А и Ил-76МД-М}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://tass.com/defense/1542553 | title=Defense contractor delivers new top-notch military transport plane to Russian troops}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2022/1230/150571078/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / / ПАО «ОАК» выполнило гособоронзаказ 2022 года |website= armstrade.org |accessdate= 27 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=ЦАМТО / / ОАК: Минобороны за год получило шесть Ил-76, в планах утроить производство |website= armstrade.org |date= 26 December 2023 |url= https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2023/1226/144077229/detail.shtml | language=ru | ref={{sfnref | armstrade.org | 2023}} | access-date= 27 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=ВКС России получили шестой в 2024 году военно-транспортный самолёт Ил-76МД-90А | website=bmpd | date=2024-12-31 | url=https://bmpd.livejournal.com/4885317.html | language=ru | ref={{sfnref|bmpd|2024}} | access-date=2025-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Malyasov | first=Dylan | title=Russia takes delivery of new Il-76MD-90A plane | website=Defence Blog | date=2025-09-02 | url=https://defence-blog.com/russia-takes-delivery-of-new-il-76md-90a-plane/ | access-date=2025-09-02}}</ref> In 2025, the production rate of the Il-76 reached 7 aircraft per year.<ref>{{cite web | title=Russia ramps up Ilyushin Il-76 production with 7 aircraft delivered in 2025 | website=AGN | date=2026-01-12 | url=https://aerospaceglobalnews.com/news/russian-il-76-production-2025/ | ref={{sfnref|AGN|2026}} | access-date=2026-02-08}}</ref> There are plans to expand production at the plant in Ulyanovsk and in 2027 it is expected to assemble 12 aircraft, and later - up to 18 per year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=РИА Новости |url=https://t.me/rian_ru/296501 |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=Telegram}}</ref>


==Operational history==
==Operational history==
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[[File:2019 landing of Il-76MD on an unpaved airfield.webm|thumb|Video of Il-76MD landing on an unpaved runway]]
[[File:2019 landing of Il-76MD on an unpaved airfield.webm|thumb|Video of Il-76MD landing on an unpaved runway]]
Between 1979 and 1991, the Soviet Air Force Il-76s made 14,700 flights into Afghanistan, transporting 786,200 servicemen and 315,800 tons of freight. The Il-76 carried 89% of Soviet troops and 74% of the freight that was airlifted. As Afghan rebels were unable to shoot down high-flying Il-76s, their tactics were to try and damage it on takeoff or landing. Il-76s were often hit by shoulder-launched [[FIM-92 Stinger|Stinger]] and [[9K34 Strela-3|Strela]] heat-seeking missiles and large-calibre machine gun fire, but because the strong airframes were able to take substantial damage and remain operational, the aircraft had a remarkably low [[attrition rate]] during this period of conflict. Building on that experience, the bulk of the Canadian Forces equipment into Afghanistan was flown in using civilian Il-76s.<ref>[http://cmte.parl.gc.ca/cmte/CommitteePublication.aspx?SourceId=187014 Canadian Parliament Website] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013150828/http://cmte.parl.gc.ca/cmte/CommitteePublication.aspx?SourceId=187014 |date=October 13, 2007}}</ref> In 2006, the Russian Air Force had about 200 Il-76s. Civilian users in Russia have 108.<ref name=butowski/>
Between 1979 and 1991, Soviet Air Force Il-76s made 14,700 flights into Afghanistan, transporting 786,200 servicemen and 315,800 tons of freight. The Il-76 carried 89% of Soviet troops and 74% of the freight that was airlifted. As Afghan rebels were unable to shoot down high-flying Il-76s, their tactics were to try and damage it on takeoff or landing. Il-76s were often hit by shoulder-launched [[FIM-92 Stinger|Stinger]] and [[9K34 Strela-3|Strela]] heat-seeking missiles and large-calibre machine gun fire, but because the strong airframes were able to take substantial damage and remain operational, the aircraft had a remarkably low [[attrition rate]] during this period of conflict. Building on that earlier experience, during 2006 the bulk of the Canadian Forces equipment airlifted into Afghanistan was flown in using rented civilian Il-76s.<ref>[http://cmte.parl.gc.ca/cmte/CommitteePublication.aspx?SourceId=187014 Canadian Parliament Website] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013150828/http://cmte.parl.gc.ca/cmte/CommitteePublication.aspx?SourceId=187014 |date=October 13, 2007}}</ref> In 2006, the Russian Air Force had about 200 Il-76s. Civilian users in Russia have 108.<ref name=butowski/>


On 3 August 1995, an Airstan Ilyushin Il-76 piloted by a Russian crew was forced down by a [[Taliban]]-controlled Afghanistan Air Force fighter in what became known as the [[Airstan incident]]. The crew were imprisoned for nearly a year, but later escaped out of their confinement and managed to sneak into their aircraft still stuck at the airport and fly out of Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite news |work= [[Associated Press]]|title=Russian Air Crew, Held in Afghanistan, Escapes to UAE |url=https://apnews.com/article/56e5bba6554b9bafec82dadc4f2da074}}</ref>
[[File:Indian Air Force IL-76 cockpit.JPG|thumb|[[USAF]] and [[Indian Air Force|IAF]] airmen work inside the cockpit of an Indian Il-76]]
In 2004, a Chinese [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] (PLAAF) Il-76 carried out a flight mission in Afghanistan, and later in 2011, PLAAF Il-76s were sent to Libya to evacuate Chinese citizens. The two missions were the reported first steps of PLAAF developing long-range transportation capability.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |title= IL-76s' mission in PLAAF, China |access-date= 6 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015141956/http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |archive-date= 15 October 2011 |url-status= dead}}</ref>


[[File:Indian Air Force IL-76 cockpit.JPG|thumb|[[USAF]] and [[Indian Air Force|IAF]] airmen work inside the cockpit of an Indian Il-76.]]
[[Syrian Air Force]] Il-76s, operating as civil [[Syrianair]] aircraft, have been reportedly used to ship weapons, money, and other cargo from Russia and Iran to Syria, according to a defected Syrian military pilot. Since the start of the war, in April 2011 (and up to July 2012), around 20 military flights have been conducted to and from [[Tehran]], via [[Iraq]]i airspace. Further information exposes that since around 2012, Syrian Il-76s have regularly flown to Moscow's [[Vnukovo Airport]] to fetch shipments of [[Syrian pound|Syrian banknotes]] that have been useful to [[Bashar al-Assad]]'s government to survive [[International sanctions against Syria|international sanctions]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9949957/I-flew-secret-missions-carrying-cash-and-weapons-into-Syria-for-Assad-pilot-reveals.html |location= London |work= The Daily Telegraph |first= Nigel |last= Wilson |title= I flew secret missions carrying cash and weapons into Syria for Assad, pilot reveals |date=24 March 2013 |access-date= 3 April 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180413063140/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9949957/I-flew-secret-missions-carrying-cash-and-weapons-into-Syria-for-Assad-pilot-reveals.html |archive-date=13 April 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/flight-records-list-russia-sending-tons-of-cash-to-syria|title=Flight Records Say Russia Sent Syria Tons of Cash |first= Jeff Larson |last= Dafna Linzer |date= 26 November 2012 |website= ProPublica |access-date= 26 January 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190125160838/https://www.propublica.org/article/flight-records-list-russia-sending-tons-of-cash-to-syria |archive-date= 25 January 2019 |url-status= live|df= dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.contact.az/docs/2013/Politics/032600032347en.htm#.Ud5Cym15uJI|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130417065522/http://www.contact.az/docs/2013/Politics/032600032347en.htm |url-status= dead |title= NEWS – AZERBAIJAN – TURAN NEWS AGENCY |archive-date= 17 April 2013 |website= www.contact.az}}</ref>
In 2004, a Chinese [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] (PLAAF) Il-76 carried out a flight mission in Afghanistan, and later in 2011, PLAAF Il-76s were sent to Libya to evacuate Chinese citizens. The two missions were the reported first steps of PLAAF developing long-range transportation capability.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |title=IL-76s' mission in PLAAF, China |access-date=2011-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015141956/http://www.airforceworld.com/pla/il-76-transporter-china.htm |archive-date=2011-10-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


On 23 March 2007, a [[Transaviaexport Cargo Airline|Transaviaexport]] Il-76 was [[2007 Mogadishu TransAVIAexport Airlines Il-76 crash|shot down]] by an anti-aircraft missile while taking off from Mogadishu, Somalia. Everybody on board, seven crew and four passengers, were killed.<ref>{{cite news|title= Cargo Plane Shot Down in Somalia|first= Mohamed Olad|last= Hassan|agency= [[Associated Press]]|newspaper= [[The Washington Post]] |date= 24 March 2007 |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/23/AR2007032301775.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121103010430/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/23/AR2007032301775.html|archive-date= 2012-11-03 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
On 30 January 2017, an Il-76 firebomber of the Russian EMERCOM agency was deployed to [[Chile]] to assist firefighters. The assignment took 39 days.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fireaviation.com/2017/02/27/russian-il-76-completes-its-assignment-in-chile/|title=Russian IL-76 completes its assignment in Chile|last=Gabbert|first=Bill|website=Fire Aviation |access-date= 2017-06-12 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170629231957/http://fireaviation.com/2017/02/27/russian-il-76-completes-its-assignment-in-chile/|archive-date=2017-06-29 |url-status= live |date= 2017-02-27}}</ref>


[[Syrian Air Force]] Il-76s, operating as civil [[Syrianair]] aircraft, have been reportedly used to ship weapons, money, and other cargo from Russia and Iran to Syria, according to a defected Syrian military pilot. Since the start of the war, in April 2011 (and up to July 2012), around 20 military flights have been conducted to and from [[Tehran]], via [[Iraq]]i airspace. Further information exposes that since around 2012, Syrian Il-76s have regularly flown to Moscow's [[Vnukovo Airport]] to fetch shipments of [[Syrian pound|Syrian banknotes]] that have been useful to [[Bashar al-Assad]]'s government to survive Western sanctions.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9949957/I-flew-secret-missions-carrying-cash-and-weapons-into-Syria-for-Assad-pilot-reveals.html |location=London |work=The Daily Telegraph |first=Nigel |last=Wilson |title=I flew secret missions carrying cash and weapons into Syria for Assad, pilot reveals |date=24 March 2013 |access-date=3 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413063140/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9949957/I-flew-secret-missions-carrying-cash-and-weapons-into-Syria-for-Assad-pilot-reveals.html |archive-date=13 April 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/flight-records-list-russia-sending-tons-of-cash-to-syria|title=Flight Records Say Russia Sent Syria Tons of Cash|first=Jeff Larson|last=Dafna Linzer |date=26 November 2012|website=ProPublica|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125160838/https://www.propublica.org/article/flight-records-list-russia-sending-tons-of-cash-to-syria |archive-date=25 January 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.contact.az/docs/2013/Politics/032600032347en.htm#.Ud5Cym15uJI|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130417065522/http://www.contact.az/docs/2013/Politics/032600032347en.htm |url-status=dead|title=NEWS – AZERBAIJAN – TURAN NEWS AGENCY|archive-date=April 17, 2013|website=www.contact.az}}</ref>
All Il-76 transport aircraft in service with the RF Aerospace Forces were to receive anti-missile systems, and aircraft reconfiguration started in spring 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/2019-news-aerospace-industry-air-force/august/5326-il-76-aircraft-to-receive-new-onboard-defense-systems.html |title=Il-76 aircraft to receive new onboard defense systems |access-date=2019-08-15 |archive-date= 11 September 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230911124721/http://airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/2019-news-aerospace-industry-air-force/august/5326-il-76-aircraft-to-receive-new-onboard-defense-systems.html |url-status= dead }}</ref>
 
On 14 June 2014, a [[Ukrainian Air Force]] Il-76 was [[Ukrainian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 shoot-down|shot down by ground fire]] from pro-Russian separatists while on approach to landing at [[Luhansk]], resulting in the deaths of 40 soldiers and nine crew members on board.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian military plane with at least 49 aboard shot down |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/13/world/europe/ukraine-crisis/ |newspaper=edition.cnn.com |date=14 June 2014 |access-date=14 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140617010111/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/13/world/europe/ukraine-crisis |archive-date=17 June 2014 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27845313 |title=Ukraine crisis: Military plane shot down in Luhansk |date=14 June 2014 |work=[[BBC Online]] |access-date=14 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140614064304/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27845313 |archive-date=14 June 2014 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>[http://news.xin.msn.com/en/world/49-killed-when-ukraine-military-plane-downed-defence-spokesman-1 "49 killed when Ukraine military plane downed: defence spokesman"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714201119/http://news.xin.msn.com/en/world/49-killed-when-ukraine-military-plane-downed-defence-spokesman-1 |date=2014-07-14}}. xin.msn.com</ref>
 
On 30 January 2017, an IL-76 firebomber of the Russian EMERCOM agency was deployed to [[Chile]] to assist firefighters. The assignment took 39 days.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fireaviation.com/2017/02/27/russian-il-76-completes-its-assignment-in-chile/|title=Russian IL-76 completes its assignment in Chile|last=Gabbert|first=Bill|website=Fire Aviation|access-date=2017-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629231957/http://fireaviation.com/2017/02/27/russian-il-76-completes-its-assignment-in-chile/|archive-date=2017-06-29 |url-status=live |date=2017-02-27}}</ref>
 
All Il-76 transport aircraft in service with the RF Aerospace Forces were to receive anti-missile systems, and aircraft reconfiguration started in spring 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/2019-news-aerospace-industry-air-force/august/5326-il-76-aircraft-to-receive-new-onboard-defense-systems.html |title = Il-76 aircraft to receive new onboard defense systems}}</ref>
 
On 25 February 2022, during the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]], the Ukrainian State Special Communications Agency and US officials claimed that Russian Il-76s were shot down over [[Bila Tserkva]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-business-europe-united-nations-kyiv-6ccba0905f1871992b93712d3585f548 |work=AP News |title=Live updates: Zelenskyy declines US offer to evacuate Kyiv |agency=Associated Press |date= 25 February 2022}}</ref> As of September 2022, no wreckage of the planes has been found.<ref name="2022RUWAir">{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/whats-known-about-russian-and-ukraine-losses-in-aerial-combat-2022-9 |title=An unexpected air-to-air battle is raging over Ukraine. Here's what we know about the losses on both sides.|work=Insider|date=5 September 2022}}</ref>
 
On 4 April 2022, photographs of two destroyed Il-76s from the Ukrainian [[25th Transport Aviation Brigade]] were displayed; these cargo planes were destroyed on the ground by Russian forces at Melitopol Airport.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.airlive.net/two-il-76md-strategic-airlifter-were-destroyed-from-russian-strikes-at-melitopol-air-base-ukraine/amp/ |title=Two IL-76MD strategic airlifter were destroyed from Russian strikes at Melitopol Air Base, Ukraine |work=AirLive |date=7 April 2022 |access-date= 19 April 2022}}</ref>
 
On 30 August 2023, four Il-76s were reportedly destroyed by Ukrainian kamikaze [[drone strike]]s at [[Pskov Airport]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=GDC |date=2023-08-30 |title=Ukrainian kamikaze Beaver drones destroyed six IL-76 transport aircraft and Tu-22M3 bombers in Pskov airport |url=https://www.globaldefensecorp.com/2023/08/31/ukrainian-kamikaze-beaver-drones-destroyed-six-il-76-transport-aircraft-and-tu-22m3-bombers-in-pskov-airport/ |access-date=2023-08-31 |website=Global Defense Corp |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2023-08-29 |title=Ukraine war: 'Drone attack' on airport damages Russian transport planes |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66654125 |access-date=2023-08-30}}</ref>


==Variants==
==Variants==
{{More citations needed section|date=June 2013}}
{{More citations needed section|date=June 2013}}
{{Expand Russian |Ил-76 |date=October 2022 |section=yes |topic=transp}}
{{Expand Russian |Ил-76 |date= October 2022 |section=yes |topic=transp}}


===Prototypes and developmental variants===
===Prototypes and developmental variants===
[[File:4K-AZ100, Neubrandenburg Airport, 2012-12-28 (41).jpg|thumb|Il-76TD-90, [[Aviadvigatel PS-90]] engines have larger diameter.]]
[[File:4K-AZ100, Neubrandenburg Airport, 2012-12-28 (41).jpg|thumb|Il-76TD-90, [[Aviadvigatel PS-90]] engines have larger diameter.]]


;Il-76TD-90 / Il-76MD-90: Engine upgrades to Perm PS-90s.
;Il-76TD-90/Il-76MD-90: Engine upgrades to Perm PS-90s.
;Il-76 firebomber: Firefighting aircraft to drop exploding capsules filled with fire retardant.
;Il-76 firebomber: Firefighting aircraft to drop exploding capsules filled with fire retardant.
;Il-76PSD: SAR version of ''Il-76MF''
;Il-76PSD: SAR version of Il-76MF
;Il-96: Early development of convertible passenger/cargo aircraft, (project only, designation re-used later)
;Il-96: Early development of convertible passenger/cargo aircraft, (project only, designation re-used later)
;Il-150: proposed Beriev A-50 with Perm PS-90 engines.
;Il-150: Proposed Beriev A-50 with Perm PS-90 engines.
;[[Beriev A-60]]: Airborne laser weapon testbed. (''Il-76 version 1A'')
;[[Beriev A-60]]: Airborne laser weapon testbed (Il-76 version 1A)


====Special purpose / research variants====
====Special purpose/research variants====
[[File:Gromov Flight Test Institute Ilyushin Il-76LL with one Aviadvigatel PD-14 engine.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76LL with [[Aviadvigatel PD-14|PD-14]] engine prototype under testing, 2015]]
[[File:Gromov Flight Test Institute Ilyushin Il-76LL with one Aviadvigatel PD-14 engine.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76LL with [[Aviadvigatel PD-14|PD-14]] engine prototype under testing, 2015]]
[[File:008-Il-76TD-Candid-2007.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76TD glass nose]]
[[File:008-Il-76TD-Candid-2007.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76TD glass nose which serves as the [[flight navigator]]'s station.]]
[[File:Beriev Be-976 (Il-76SKIP), Flight Research Institute AN0076932.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76LL SKIP testbed, 1999]]
[[File:Beriev Be-976 (Il-76SKIP), Flight Research Institute AN0076932.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76LL SKIP testbed, 1999 flying with [[Aeroflot]] markings]]
[[File:Gctc il-76mdk chkalovsky 4444.jpg|thumb|[[Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center|GCTC]] Il-76MDK in 2025]]
[[File:Il76md10.jpg|thumb|IAF IL-76 unloading an [[Armoured personnel carrier|APC]] in [[Ladakh]]]]


;Il-76LL: with reinforced wing (at least 3 aircraft) to be used as test-bed aeroplane for engine prototypes flight testing in [[Gromov Flight Research Institute]].
;Il-76LL: With reinforced wing (at least 3 aircraft) to be used as test-bed airplane for engine prototypes flight testing in [[Gromov Flight Research Institute]].
;Izdeliye-176: prototype Il-76PP.
;Izdeliye-176: Prototype Il-76PP.
;Izdeliye-576:
;Izdeliye-576:
;Izdeliye-676: Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
;Izdeliye-676: Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
;Izdeliye-776: Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
;Izdeliye-776: Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
;Izdeliye-976 ("SKIP", Il-976, or Il-76SK)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airvectors.net/avil76.html#m6 |title=The Ilyushin Il-76, A-50 AWACS / Aircraft 976 |work=airvectors.net |date= 1 April 2020 |access-date= 4 April 2020 }}</ref> – (СКИП – Самолетный Контрольно-Измерительный Пункт, Airborne Check-Measure-and-Control Center): Il-76/A-50 based Range Control and Missile tracking platform. Initially built to support [[Raduga Kh-55|Raduga Kh-55 cruise missile]] tests.
;Izdeliye-976 ("SKIP", Il-976, or Il-76SK)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airvectors.net/avil76.html#m6 |title=The Ilyushin Il-76, A-50 AWACS / Aircraft 976 |work=airvectors.net |date= 1 April 2020 |access-date= 4 April 2020}}</ref> – (СКИП – Самолетный Контрольно-Измерительный Пункт, Airborne Check-Measure-and-Control Center): Il-76/A-50 based range control and missile tracking platform. Initially built to support [[Raduga Kh-55|Raduga Kh-55 cruise missile]] tests.
;Izdeliye-1076: Special mission aircraft for unknown duties.
;Izdeliye-1076: Special mission aircraft for unknown duties.
;Izdeliye-1176: ELINT electronic intelligence aircraft, or ''Il-76-11''
;Izdeliye-1176: ELINT electronic intelligence aircraft, or Il-76-11
;Il-76-Tu160 tailplane transporter: One-off temporary conversion to support Tu-160 emergency modification programme.
;Il-76K/Il-76MDK/Il-76MDK-II: [[Reduced-gravity aircraft]] for cosmonaut training used by [[Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center]].
;Il-76LL: Engine testbed (''ooniversahl'naya letayuschchaya laboratoriya'').
;Il-76PP: ECM aircraft, major problems with ECM equipment on the Izdeliye-176 only.
;Il-84: Maritime search and rescue aircraft (alternative designation – Il-76PS – ''poiskovo-spasahtel'nyy''), not produced.


===Military variants===
===Military variants===
Line 103: Line 99:
[[File:Tail turret of Il-76MD ‘RF-76743’ (37078748876).jpg|thumb|right|Il-76MD [[GSh-23]] tail guns]]
[[File:Tail turret of Il-76MD ‘RF-76743’ (37078748876).jpg|thumb|right|Il-76MD [[GSh-23]] tail guns]]
[[File:In Ilyushin Il-76MD.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76MD cargo cabin]]
[[File:In Ilyushin Il-76MD.jpg|thumb|right|Il-76MD cargo cabin]]
[[File:Ilyshin Il-76VKP(Il-82) (4321311317).jpg|thumb|An Il-76VKP/-82 flying under the [[Aeroflot]] [[Brand|brand name]]]]


;Il-76-Tu160 tailplane transporter: One-off temporary conversion to support Tu-160 emergency modification programme.
;Il-76D: ('D' for "Desantnyi", ''Десантный'' – "paratrooper transport") has a gun turret in the tail for defensive purposes.
;Il-76D: ('D' for "Desantnyi", ''Десантный'' – "Paratrooper transport") has a gun turret in the tail for defensive purposes.
;Il-76K/Il-76MDK/Il-76MDK-II: Zero-g cosmonaut trainer (''dlya podgotovki kosmonavtov''), used by [[Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center]].
;Il-76LL: Engine testbed, (''ooniversahl'naya letayuschchaya laboratoriya'').
;Il-76M: Military transport version, (''modifitseerovannyy'' – modified).
;Il-76M: Military transport version, (''modifitseerovannyy'' – modified).
;Il-76MD: Improved military transport version, (''modifitseerovannyy Dahl'ny'' – modified, long-range).
;Il-76MD: Improved military transport version, (''modifitseerovannyy Dahl'ny'' – modified, long-range).
;Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT: Mobile Hospital
;Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT: Mobile Hospital
;Il-76M / Il-76MD: Built without military equipment but designated as Ms and MDs (Gordon – 'Falsies')
;Il-76M/Il-76MD: Built without military equipment but designated as Ms and MDs (Gordon – 'Falsies')
;Il-76MD-90: An Il-76MD with quieter and more economical [[Aviadvigatel PS-90]] high-bypass turbofan engines.
;Il-76MD-90: An Il-76MD with quieter and more economical [[Aviadvigatel PS-90]] high-bypass turbofan engines.
;Il-76MF: Stretched military version with a 6.6 m longer fuselage, PS-90A-76 engines, maximum takeoff weight of 210 tonnes and a lift capability of 60 tonnes. First flew in 1995, not built in series so far,<ref name=but2004/> just built for Jordan.
;Il-76MF: Stretched military version with a {{cvt|6.6|m|ft}} longer fuselage, PS-90A-76 engines, maximum takeoff weight of {{cvt|210|t|lb}} and a lift capability of {{cvt|60|t|lb}}. First flew in 1995. Two built and delivered to the [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]],<ref name=but2004/> later sold to the [[Egyptian Air Force]].
;Il-76PP: ECM aircraft, major problems with ECM equipment on the Izdeliye-176 only.
;Il-76MD-M: Modernized Il-76MD for the Russian Aerospace Forces.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ilyushin.org/press/news/ev3992/?sphrase_id=19202|title=ОАО "Ил" приступило к работам по модернизации... {{!}} ОАО "Ил"|website=ilyushin.org|access-date=2017-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308225055/http://ilyushin.org/press/news/ev3992/?sphrase_id=19202|archive-date=2017-03-08 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/0313/104545769/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / Первый модернизированный транспортный самолет Ил-76МД-М передан Минобороны России|website=armstrade.org|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127035446/http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/0313/104545769/detail.shtml|archive-date=27 January 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2018/march/4157-russian-air-force-receives-first-upgraded-ilyushin-il-76md-m.html|title=Russian Air Force receives first upgraded Ilyushin Il-76MD-M|website=airrecognition.com|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127094122/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2018/march/4157-russian-air-force-receives-first-upgraded-ilyushin-il-76md-m.html|archive-date=27 January 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
;Il-76MD-M: Modernized Il-76MD for the Russian Aerospace Forces.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ilyushin.org/press/news/ev3992/?sphrase_id=19202|title=ОАО "Ил" приступило к работам по модернизации... {{!}} ОАО "Ил"|website=ilyushin.org|access-date=2017-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308225055/http://ilyushin.org/press/news/ev3992/?sphrase_id=19202|archive-date=2017-03-08 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/0313/104545769/detail.shtml|title=ЦАМТО / Новости / Первый модернизированный транспортный самолет Ил-76МД-М передан Минобороны России|website=armstrade.org|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127035446/http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/0313/104545769/detail.shtml|archive-date=27 January 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2018/march/4157-russian-air-force-receives-first-upgraded-ilyushin-il-76md-m.html|title=Russian Air Force receives first upgraded Ilyushin Il-76MD-M|website=airrecognition.com|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127094122/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-defense-security-news/global-news-2018/march/4157-russian-air-force-receives-first-upgraded-ilyushin-il-76md-m.html|archive-date=27 January 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
;Il-76MD-90A: An upgraded version with a new glass cockpit, upgraded avionics, new one-piece carbon-fibre wing, and Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 engines. It was also known as '''Il-476''' while in development.<ref name=DID_Il-476>{{cite web |url=http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/il-476-russia-begins-production-of-modernized-jet-transports-07569/|title=IL-476: Russia's New Medium-Heavy Transport Jet|website=Defense Industry Daily|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404195858/https://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/il-476-russia-begins-production-of-modernized-jet-transports-07569/|archive-date=4 April 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-news-2015/january-2015-air-force-military-aviation-defence-industry-news/1397-first-serial-production-ilyushin-il-76md-90a-strategic-airlifter-made-its-maiden-flight.html |title=First serial-production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A strategic airlifter made its maiden flight |date=January 5, 2015 |access-date=January 13, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113053753/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-news-2015/january-2015-air-force-military-aviation-defence-industry-news/1397-first-serial-production-ilyushin-il-76md-90a-strategic-airlifter-made-its-maiden-flight.html |archive-date=January 13, 2015 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref>
;Il-76MD-90A: An upgraded version with a new glass cockpit, upgraded avionics, new one-piece carbon-fibre wing, and Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 engines. It was also known as '''Il-476''' while in development.<ref name=DID_Il-476>{{cite web |url=http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/il-476-russia-begins-production-of-modernized-jet-transports-07569/|title=IL-476: Russia's New Medium-Heavy Transport Jet|website=Defense Industry Daily|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404195858/https://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/il-476-russia-begins-production-of-modernized-jet-transports-07569/|archive-date=4 April 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-news-2015/january-2015-air-force-military-aviation-defence-industry-news/1397-first-serial-production-ilyushin-il-76md-90a-strategic-airlifter-made-its-maiden-flight.html |title=First serial-production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A strategic airlifter made its maiden flight |date=January 5, 2015 |access-date=January 13, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113053753/http://www.airrecognition.com/index.php/archive-world-worldwide-news-air-force-aviation-aerospace-air-military-defence-industry/global-news-2015/january-2015-air-force-military-aviation-defence-industry-news/1397-first-serial-production-ilyushin-il-76md-90a-strategic-airlifter-made-its-maiden-flight.html |archive-date=January 13, 2015 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Designated as '''Il-76-MD-90AE''' for the export market.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Military transport aircraft IL-76MD-90AE {{!}} Catalog Rosoboronexport |url=https://roe.ru/eng/catalog/aerospace-systems/military-transport/il-76md-90ae/ |access-date=2024-11-09 |website=[[Rosoboronexport]]}}</ref>
;Il-76T/Il-76TD: Built as military aircraft but given civilian designations. (Gordon – 'Falsie')
;Il-76T/Il-76TD: Built as military aircraft but given civilian designations. (Gordon – 'Falsie')
;[[Ilyushin Il-78]]/Il-78M/Il-78MD-90A: Aerial refuelling tanker.
;[[Ilyushin Il-78]]/Il-78M/Il-78MD-90A: Aerial refueling tanker.
;Il-78 MKI: A customized version of the Il-78 developed for the Indian Air Force.
;Il-78 MKI: A customized version of the Il-78 developed for the Indian Air Force.
;Il-82: Airborne Command Post/communications relay aircraft, (alternative designation – Il-76VKP-'version65S').
;Il-82: Airborne Command Post/communications relay aircraft, (alternative designation – Il-76VKP – 'version65S').
;Il-84: Maritime Search and Rescue aircraft, (alternative designation – Il-76PS-''poiskovo-spasahtel'nyy''), not produced.
;[[Beriev A-50]]/Beriev A-50M/Beriev A-50I/Beriev A-50E: Airborne Early Warning & Control aircraft. Beriev given control over the program.
;[[Beriev A-50]]/Beriev A-50M/Beriev A-50I/Beriev A-50E: Airborne Early Warning & Control aircraft. Beriev given control over the program.
;[[Beriev A-100]]: An AEW&C version of the Il-76MD-90A.
;[[Beriev A-100]]: An AEW&C version of the Il-76MD-90A. Currently in development, with at least two prototypes built.


===Civil variants===
===Civil variants===
[[File:Il-76 Iraq.jpg|thumb|A commercial variant of the Ilyushin Il-76, loading cargo at Ali Air Base, [[Iraq]]]]
[[File:Il-76 Iraq.jpg|thumb|A commercial variant of the Ilyushin Il-76, loading cargo at Ali Air Base, [[Iraq]]]]
[[File:Watertanker IL-76D of IRGC.jpg|thumb|An Il-76TD belonging to the [[IRGC]], used as a [[Aerial firefighting|firefighting aircraft]]]]
[[File:Watertanker IL-76D of IRGC.jpg|thumb|An Il-76TD belonging to the [[IRGC]], used as a [[Aerial firefighting|firefighting aircraft]]]]
[[File:Ilyushin Il-76TD-90VD, Volga-Dnepr Airlines AN1838477.jpg|thumb|A [[Volga-Dnepr Airlines]] Il-76TD-90VD flying commercial operations]]


;Il-76MGA: Initial Commercial freighter. (two prototypes and 12 production) equipped with [[Soloviev D-30]] Turbofan engines.<ref name="airvectors.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.airvectors.net/avil76.html|title=The Ilyushin Il-76|website=airvectors.net|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410194810/http://www.airvectors.net/avil76.html|archive-date=10 April 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
;Il-76MGA: Initial commercial freighter (two prototypes and 12 production) equipped with [[Soloviev D-30]] turbofan engines.<ref name="airvectors.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.airvectors.net/avil76.html|title=The Ilyushin Il-76|website=airvectors.net|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410194810/http://www.airvectors.net/avil76.html|archive-date=10 April 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
;Il-76MD to Il-76TD conversions: Complete removal of military equipment, identified by crude cover over OBIGGS inlet in Starboard Sponson.
;Il-76MD to Il-76TD conversions: Complete removal of military equipment, identified by crude cover over OBIGGS inlet in Starboard Sponson.
;Il-76P / Il-76TP / Il-76TDP / Il-76MDP: Firefighting aircraft. The Il-76 waterbomber is a VAP-2 1.5-hour install/removal tanking kit conversion. The Il-76 can carry up to 13,000 U.S. gallons (49,000 liters) of water; 3.5 times the capacity of the [[C-130 Hercules]]. Since this kit can be installed on any Il-76, the designation Il-76TP, Il-76TDP are also used when those versions of the Il-76 are converted into waterbombers. The Il-76P was first unveiled in 1990.
;Il-76P/Il-76TP/Il-76TDP/Il-76MDP: firefighting aircraft. The Il-76 waterbomber is a VAP-2 1.5-hour install/removal tanking kit conversion. The Il-76 can carry up to {{convert|13000|usgal|l|order=flip}} of water; 3.5 times the capacity of the [[C-130 Hercules]]. Since this kit can be installed on any Il-76, the designation Il-76TP, Il-76TDP are also used when those versions of the Il-76 are converted into waterbombers. The Il-76P was first unveiled in 1990.
 
;Il-76T: ('T' for Transport, Транспортный) unarmed civil cargo transport version. NATO code-name "Candid-A". It first flew on November 4, 1978.
;Il-76T: ('T' for Transport, Транспортный) unarmed civil cargo transport version. NATO code-name "Candid-A". It first flew on November 4, 1978.
;Il-76TD: The civil equivalent of the Il-76MD, first flew in 1982, equipped with [[Soloviev D-30]] Turbofan engines.<ref name="airvectors.net"/>
;Il-76TD: The civil equivalent of the Il-76MD, first flew in 1982, equipped with [[Soloviev D-30]] turbofan engines.<ref name="airvectors.net"/>
;Il-76TD-90: An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partial [[glass cockpit]].
;Il-76TD-90: An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partial [[glass cockpit]].
;Il-76TD-90VD: An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partial [[glass cockpit]]. It was developed specially for Volga-Dnepr cargo company, which operates five aircraft as of 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.volga-dnepr.com/en/fleet/IL-76/ |title=IL-76TD – the heavy cargo-carrying ramp aircraft |website=[[Volga-Dnepr]] |access-date=January 10, 2021 |language=en |quote=Volga-Dnepr has 5 modernized Ilyushin-76-TD-90-VD aircraft in its fleet.}}</ref>
;Il-76TD-90VD: An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partial [[glass cockpit]]. It was developed specially for Volga-Dnepr cargo company, which operates five aircraft as of 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.volga-dnepr.com/en/fleet/IL-76/ |title=IL-76TD – the heavy cargo-carrying ramp aircraft |website=[[Volga-Dnepr]] |access-date=January 10, 2021 |language=en |quote=Volga-Dnepr has 5 modernized Ilyushin-76-TD-90-VD aircraft in its fleet.}}</ref>
;Il-76TD-S: Civilian mobile Hospital, similar to Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT.
;Il-76TD-S: Civilian mobile hospital, similar to Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT.
;Il-76TF: Civil transport stretched version with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines. It is the civil version of the Il-76MF (none produced).
;Il-76TF: Civil transport stretched version with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines. It is the civil version of the Il-76MF (none produced).


===Foreign variants===
===Foreign variants===
[[File:Beriev A-50EI Mainstay2009.jpg|thumb|The A-50E/I Mainstay of the Indian Air Force]]
[[File:Beriev A-50EI Mainstay2009.jpg|thumb|A-50E/I Mainstay of the Indian Air Force]]


;Beriev A-50E/I: For the Indian Air Force. Hosts Israeli [[EL/W-2090|Phalcon radar]] for AEW&C and [[Aviadvigatel PS-90]] engines.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.domain-b.com/aero/mil_avi/mil_aircraft/20080609_air_force.html|title=domain-b.com : Air Force starts flight tests of first Phalcon Il-76 airborne early warning system|website=domain-b.com|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181213173324/https://www.domain-b.com/aero/mil_avi/mil_aircraft/20080609_air_force.html|archive-date=13 December 2018 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
;Beriev A-50E/I: For the Indian Air Force. Hosts Israeli [[EL/W-2090|Phalcon radar]] for AEW&C and [[Aviadvigatel PS-90]] engines.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.domain-b.com/aero/mil_avi/mil_aircraft/20080609_air_force.html|title=domain-b.com : Air Force starts flight tests of first Phalcon Il-76 airborne early warning system|website=domain-b.com|date=9 June 2008 |access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181213173324/https://www.domain-b.com/aero/mil_avi/mil_aircraft/20080609_air_force.html|archive-date=13 December 2018 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
;Il-76MD tanker: Iraqi Air Force tanker conversions.
;Il-76MD tanker: Iraqi Air Force tanker conversions.
;[[KJ-2000]]: Domestic [[People's Republic of China|Chinese]] airborne early warning and control conversion of Il-76, developed after [[Beriev A-50#Variants|A-50I]] was cancelled and currently in service with the armed forces of [[People's Republic of China|China]].
;[[Shaanxi KJ-2000]]: Domestic [[People's Republic of China|Chinese]] airborne early warning and control conversion of Il-76, developed after [[Beriev A-50#Variants|A-50I]] was canceled and currently in service with the armed forces of [[China]].
;CFTE engine testbed: The China Flight Test Establishment (CFTE) currently operates a flying testbed converted from a Russian-made Il-76MD jet transport aircraft to serve as a flying testbed for future engine development programmes. The first engine to be tested on the aircraft is the WS-10A "Taihang" turbofan, currently being developed as the powerplant for China's indigenous J-10 and J-11 fighter aircraft. Il-76MD #76456, acquired by the AVIC 1 from Russia in the 1990s, is currently based at CFTE's flight test facility at Yanliang, Shaanxi Province.
;CFTE engine testbed: The China Flight Test Establishment (CFTE) currently operates a flying testbed converted from a Russian-made Il-76MD jet transport aircraft to serve as a flying testbed for future engine development programmes. The first engine to be tested on the aircraft is the WS-10A "Taihang" turbofan, currently being developed as the powerplant for China's indigenous J-10 and J-11 fighter aircraft. Il-76MD #76456, acquired by the AVIC 1 from Russia in the 1990s, is currently based at CFTE's flight test facility at Yanliang, Shaanxi Province.
;Baghdad-1: Iraqi development with a radar mounted in the cargo hold enabling it to serve as AEW&C, used in the Iran–Iraq War.
;Baghdad-1: Iraqi development with a radar mounted in the cargo hold enabling it to serve as AEW&C, used in the Iran–Iraq War.
;Baghdad-2:Iraqi development (with French assistance) with [[fibreglass]]-reinforced [[plastic]] radome over the antenna of the [[Thomson-CSF]] Tiger G surveillance radar with a maximum detection range of {{cvt|350|km|nmi mi}}. One was destroyed on the ground during the 1991 [[Gulf War|Persian Gulf War]]; two others were flown to Iran where they remained.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lUN__e4yC_IC&pg=PA149-IA10|title=AEW&C and Hawkeyes – The Complete History of Airborne Early Warning|access-date=26 January 2019|isbn=9780760311400|last1=Armistead|first1=Leigh|last2=Armistead|first2=Edwin Leigh|year=2002}}</ref> At least one went into service with the [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force|IRIAF]]. One aircraft [[2009 Iranian Air Force mid-air collision|crashed]] following a midair collision with a [[HESA Saeqeh]] fighter, during the annual Iranian military parade in Teheran.<ref>{{YouTube|l6OO0TXqTZc|IRIAF IL-76MD "Simorgh" (Phoenix) AWACS Crash (Sep 22, 2009)}}</ref> It can be distinguished from the [[Beriev A-50]] by having the Il-76 navigator windows in the nose, which the A-50 does not.
;Baghdad-2: Iraqi development (with French assistance) with [[fibreglass]]-reinforced [[plastic]] radome over the antenna of the [[Thomson-CSF]] Tiger G surveillance radar with a maximum detection range of {{cvt|350|km|nmi mi}}. One was destroyed on the ground during the 1991 [[Gulf War|Persian Gulf War]]; two others were flown to Iran where they remained.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lUN__e4yC_IC&pg=PA149-IA10|title=AEW&C and Hawkeyes – The Complete History of Airborne Early Warning|access-date=26 January 2019|isbn=978-0-7603-1140-0|last1=Armistead|first1=Leigh|last2=Armistead|first2=Edwin Leigh|year=2002}}</ref> At least one went into service with the [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force|IRIAF]]. One aircraft [[2009 Iranian Air Force mid-air collision|crashed]] following a midair collision with a [[HESA Saeqeh]] fighter, during the annual Iranian military parade in Tehran.<ref>{{YouTube|l6OO0TXqTZc|IRIAF IL-76MD "Simorgh" (Phoenix) AWACS Crash (Sep 22, 2009)}}</ref> It can be distinguished from the [[Beriev A-50]] by having the Il-76 navigator windows in the nose, which the A-50 does not.


==Operators==
==Operators==
Line 156: Line 148:
{{legend|#008000|Civilian operators}}
{{legend|#008000|Civilian operators}}
{{legend|#0080ff|Military and civilian operators}}]]
{{legend|#0080ff|Military and civilian operators}}]]
Military and civil operators in 38 countries have operated 850+ Il-76 in large numbers. While Russia is the largest military operator of the Il-76, followed by Ukraine and India, Belarus' [[TransAVIAexport Airlines]] is the largest civilian operator.
{{Main|List of Ilyushin Il-76 operators}}


===Military operators===
=== Military operators ===
; {{DZA}}
[[File:PLAAF Ilyushin Il-76 landing at Perth Airport.jpg|thumb|[[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] Il-76 landing at [[Perth Airport]], [[Australia]]. This aircraft took part in the [[Search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]].]]
* [[Algerian Air Force]] – 11 Il-76s and five Il-78s in service as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p12">{{harvnb|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021| p=12}}</ref>
; {{ANG}}
* [[Angolan Air Force]] – six II-76TDs.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rzjets.net/aircraft/?parentid=7130&typeid=134&frstatus=1|title=Angola Air Force|website=rzjets.net|access-date=2019-07-03}}</ref>
; {{ARM}}
* [[Armenian Air Force]] – two Il-76s in service as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p12"/>
; {{AZE}}
* [[Azerbaijan Air Force]] – two Il-76s in service as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p13">{{harvnb|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021| p=13}}</ref>
; {{BLR}}
* [[Belarusian Air Force]] – inherited a number of Il-76s from the Soviet Air Force.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}} Two in service as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p13"/>
; {{CHN}}
* [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] − Operates 26 Il-76s, four KJ-2000 AEW&C version, and three Il-78 tankers as of December 2022<ref>{{cite report |title=2023 World Air Forces |publisher=FlightGlobal |pages=15–16 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=90688 |language=en}}</ref>
; {{EGY}}
* [[Egyptian Air Force]] – two Il-76MFs in service (from the [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]]).<ref name="weaponews.com">{{Cite web |url=https://weaponews.com/news/65353379-jordan-gave-egypt-two-military-transport-il-76mf.html|title=Jordan gave Egypt two military transport Il-76MF|website=weaponews.com|language=en|access-date=2019-08-05}}</ref>
; {{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
* [[Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinea Air Force]] – one Il-76 in service as of December 2021.<ref>{{harvnb|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021| pp=17–18}}</ref>
[[File:Indian Air Force IL-76.JPG|thumb|[[Indian Air Force]] Il-76]]
[[File:Use your Ilyushin edit1.jpg|thumb|Indian Air Force Il-76]]
[[File:IAF IL-76 MD K2902 at Leh photographed by Sumita Roy.jpg|thumb|Indian Air Force Il-76]]
; {{IND}}
* [[Indian Air Force]] – 26 Il-76s (17 Il-76MDs, 6 Il-78MKIs, and 3 [[Beriev A-50]]s for AEW&C)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=4361097 |title=India Seeks To Bolster Transport With ten C-17s |publisher=Defense News |date=2009-11-05 |access-date=2010-11-06}}{{dead link |date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Units/Others/281-Fleet.html |title=Indian Air Force :: Aircraft Fleet Strength |publisher=Bharat-rakshak.com |date=2009-10-19 |access-date=2010-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609204422/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Units/Others/281-Fleet.html |archive-date=2011-06-09 |url-status=live}}</ref>
; {{IRN}}
* [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force]] – five Il-76s in service as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p21">{{harvnb|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021| p=21}}</ref>
* [[Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps Air Force]] – three Il-76s in service as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p21"/>
; {{RUS}}
* [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] – operated about 110 as of 2016.<ref>[The Military Balance 2016. — P. 195.]</ref>
* [[Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation]] (2016)<ref>[The Military Balance 2016. — P. 200.]</ref>
* [[National Guard Forces Command]] – operated nine as of 2016.<ref>[The Military Balance 2016. — P. 201.]</ref>
; {{SUD}}
* [[Sudanese Air Force]] – one Il-76 as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p30">{{harvnb|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021| p=30}}</ref>
; {{SYR}}
* [[Syrian Air Force]] – two Il-76s in service as of December 2021.<ref name="waf2022 p30"/>
; {{UKR}}
* [[Ukrainian Air Force]] – inherited a large number of Il-76s from the Soviet Air Force,{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} with seven remaining in service as of December 2021.<ref>{{harvnb|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021| p=32}}</ref> [[2014 Ukrainian Air Force Il-76 shootdown|One was shot down in 2014]] during the initial phase of the [[War in Donbas (2014-2022)|war in the Donbas region]].<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27845313 |title=Ukraine crisis: Military plane shot down in Luhansk|work=BBC News |date=14 June 2014 |accessdate=January 18, 2023}}</ref>
; {{UZB}}
* [[Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces]] – five in service as of December 2021.<ref>{{harvnb|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021| p=34}}</ref>


===Former military operators===
;{{Flag|Algeria}}
; {{flagcountry|Ba'athist Iraq|1963}}
* [[Algerian Air Force]] – 11 Il-76MD / Il-76TD and 5 Il-78TD in service.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Embraer |first=In association with |title=2025 World Air Forces directory |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/defence/2025-world-air-forces-directory/160846.article |access-date=2025-10-31 |website=Flight Global |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Iraqi Air Force]] – operated the Il-76, but none remain in service.
;{{Flag|Angola}}
; {{LBA}}
* [[National Air Force of Angola]] – 7 Il-76MD and Il-76TD in service.<ref name=":1" />
* The [[Libyan Air Force (1951–2011)|Libyan Air Force]] has operated the Il-76 although it may not remain in service.
;{{Flag|Armenia}}
; {{USSR}}
* [[Armenian Air Force]] – 3 Il-76M/Il-76TD in service.<ref name=":1" />
* [[Soviet Air Force]] – operated hundreds of the aircraft, with an inventory of 310 in 1987. Most were dispersed to the successor states upon the breakup of the Soviet Union.
;{{Flag|Azerbaijan}}
; {{YEM}}
* [[Azerbaijani Air Forces|Azerbaijani Air Forces and Air Defense Troops]] – 2 Il-76TD in service.<ref name=":1" />
* [[Yemen Air Force]] – Il-76TD, operated by the 4th Aviation Brigade.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |title=Hot Skies Over Yemen, Volume 2: Aerial Warfare Over the South Arabian Peninsula, 1994-2017 |date=2018 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |location=Warwick, UK |isbn=978-1-911628-18-7 |pages=33,I}}</ref>
;{{Flag|Belarus}}
; {{flag|Zimbabwe}}
* [[Belarusian Air Force|Air Force and Air Defence Forces of Belarus]] – 2 Il-76MD in service.<ref name=":1" />
;{{Flag|China}}
* [[People's Liberation Army Air Force]] – 26 Il-76MD / Il-76TD, 3 [[Ilyushin Il-78|Il-78M]], and 4 [[Shaanxi KJ-2000|KJ-2000]] in service.<ref name=":1" />
[[File:Use your Ilyushin edit1.jpg|thumb|[[Indian Air Force]] Il-76 landing at [[Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport]] located in [[Leh]]]]
;{{Flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
* [[Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]] - 3 Il-76TD in service.<ref name=":1" />
;{{Flag|Egypt}}
* [[Egyptian Air Force]] – 2 Il-76MF in service.<ref name=":1" />
;{{Flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
* [[Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinea National Guard]] - 1 Il-76TD in service.<ref name=":1" />
;{{Flag|India}}
* [[Indian Air Force]] – 17 Il-76MD, 6 [[Ilyushin Il-78|Il-78MKI]], and 3 [[Beriev A-50|A-50EI]] in service. 2 A-50EI on order.<ref name=":1" />
[[File:RF-76779 IL76(MD) Russian Air Force CKL UUMU (35986335806).jpg|thumb|A [[Russian Air Force]] Il-76MD at [[Chkalovsky Air Base]]]]
;{{Flag|Iran}}
* [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force]] – 6 Il-76TD in service.<ref name=":1" />
* [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force|Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps Aerospace Force]] – 3 Il-76MD / Il-76TD in service.<ref name=":1" />
;{{Flag|Jordan}}
* [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]] – 1 Il-76TD in service.<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Royal Jordanian Air Force (RJAF-360) IL-76TD Prestwick Airport [4K/UHD] | date=7 September 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEwWyglzCp4 |access-date=2023-11-04 |language=en |via=[[YouTube]] }}</ref><ref name=":1" />
[[File:UK-76007@PEK (20200328162009).jpg|thumb|[[Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces]] Il-76 landing at [[Beijing Capital International Airport]]]]
;{{PRK}}
* [[Korean People's Army Air Force]] - 1 modified Il-76TD for [[AEW&C]]<ref name="Trevithick">{{cite news |last=Trevithick |first=Joseph |date=27 March 2025 |title=First North Korean Airborne Early Warning Jet Flies, Kim Shows Off Interior |url=https://www.twz.com/air/first-north-korean-airborne-early-warning-jet-flies-kim-shows-off-interior |access-date=28 March 2025 |work=The War Zone |publisher=Recurrent Ventures |location=}}</ref>
;{{Flag|Russia}}
* [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] – Approximately 130 Il-76, 19 [[Ilyushin Il-78|Il-78]] and 12 [[Beriev A-50|A-50]]/[[Beriev A-100|A-100]] in service. 7 Il-76MD-90A, 31 Il-78M-90A on order. More in reserve storage.<ref name=":1" />
* [[National Guard of Russia]] – 9 Il-76M / Il-76MD in service.<ref name=":2">The Military Balance 2016, p. 200.</ref>
* [[Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation]] - 3 in service.<ref name=":2" />
* [[Rossiya Airlines|Rossiya - Special Flight Detachment]]
;{{Flag|Sudan}}
* [[Sudanese Air Force]] – 1 Il-76TD in service<ref name=":1" />
;{{UKR}}
* [[Ukrainian Air Force]] - Unknown Il-76 in service{{sfn|IISS|2024|page=213}}
;{{Flag|Uzbekistan}}
* [[Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces]] – 3 Il-76MD in service.<ref name=":1" />
 
=== Former military operators ===
[[File:Il-76T 5A-DNK at Mitiga 20091005 cropped.jpg|thumb|A Libyan Il-76 at [[Mitiga International Airport]] in 2009]]
 
;{{Flag|Iraq|1963}}
* [[Iraqi Air Force]]<ref>{{Cite book |title=Wings of Iraq, Volume 2: The Iraqi Air Force, 1970-1980 |last1=Sipos |first1=Milos |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |year=2022 |isbn=978-1-914377-17-4 |location=Warwick |page=IX |last2=Cooper |first2=Tom}}</ref>
;{{Flag|Libya|1977}}
* [[Libyan Air Force]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitzer |first1=Stijn |last2=Oliemans |first2=Joost |title=Probe-And-Drogue - The Story Of Libya's Ill-Fated In-Flight Refuelling Programme |url=https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/08/probe-and-drogue-story-of-libyas-ill.html |website=Oryx |access-date=22 January 2025}}</ref>
[[File:Ilyushin Il-76 in 1983.JPEG|thumb|Il-76 of the [[Soviet Air Forces]]]]
;{{Flag|Soviet Union|}}
* [[Soviet Air Forces]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
;{{SYR}}
* [[Syrian Arab Air Force]] operated four, including three Il-76Ms. They were shared with [[Syrian Arab Airlines]].<ref name=":01Sy"/> The [[Fall of the Assad regime|Syrian government of Al-Assad fell to rebels]] in late 2024, and the Syrian Arab Air Force was dismantled. It was re-established as [[Syrian Air Force]], but the revolution, and the Israeli air strikes that followed it, wrecked havoc in the inventory of the Air Force. In late 2025, the World Air Forces publication by [[FlightGlobal]], which tracks the aircraft inventories of world's air forces and publishes its counts annually, removed all Syrian Air Force's aircraft from their World Air Forces 2026 report. It is thus questionable if the Syrian Air Force has any flying aircraft in their inventory, and in particular, any Il-76, as of December 2025.<ref name="World Air Forces 2026"/>
;{{Flag|Yemen|}}
* [[Yemeni Air Force]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |title=Hot Skies Over Yemen, Volume 2: Aerial Warfare Over the South Arabian Peninsula, 1994-2017 |date=2018 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |isbn=978-1-911628-18-7 |location=Warwick, UK |pages=33, I}}</ref>
;{{flag|Zimbabwe}}
* [[Air Force of Zimbabwe]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|page=210}}</ref>
* [[Air Force of Zimbabwe]]<ref>{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|page=210}}</ref>


===Civil operators===
===Civil operators===
; {{ARM}}
[[File:EP-PUS 01.jpg|thumb|A [[Pouya Air]] Il-76 landing at [[Mehrabad Airport]] in Dec 2023]]
* [[Air Highnesses]] used to own and operate Il-76T (EK-76300) on behalf of [[Aéro-Service]] before it crashed..<ref name=AVHerald1Dec2012 />
 
; {{AZE}}
;{{flag|Azerbaijan}}
* [[Azal Avia Cargo]] operates one Il-76TD.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[Azal Avia Cargo]]
* [[Silk Way Airlines]] operates seven, including five Il-76TD and two Il-76TD-90.<ref>[http://www.silkway-airlines.com/fleet.asp] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006140511/http://www.silkway-airlines.com/fleet.asp|date=October 6, 2008}}</ref>
* [[Silk Way Airlines]]
; {{BHR}}
[[File:Ilyushin Il-76TD EW-78826 FRA 2006-5-10.png|thumb|A [[TransAVIAexport Airlines|TransAVIAexport]] Ilyushin Il-76TD at [[Frankfurt Airport]]]]
* Global Aviation Services<ref>Retrieved 2 December 2015. FlightStats. [http://www.flightstats.com/go/FlightStatus/flightStatusByFlight.do?airline=%285S%29+Global+Aviation+Services&flightNumber=509&departureDate=2015-12-01&x=16&y=5|(5S) Global Aviation Services 509 Flight Status] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704071438/http://www.flightstats.com/go/FlightStatus/flightStatusByFlight.do?airline=%285S%29+Global+Aviation+Services&flightNumber=509&departureDate=2015-12-01&x=16&y=5%7C(5S) |date=2017-07-04}}</ref>
;{{flag|Belarus}}
; {{BLR}}
* Belcanto Airlines
* [[TransAVIAexport Airlines]] operates five Il-76TDs after one crashed in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Accident: Trans Avia Export Cargo IL76 at Juba and Entebbe on Aug 22nd 2017, destroys two houses during go around in Juba, two main gear struts stuck in Entebbe|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4ad656c2&opt=0|website=The Aviation Herald|accessdate=September 13, 2017}}</ref>
* [[TransAVIAexport Airlines]]
[[File:Air Almaty - IL-76T-001.jpg|thumb|Air Almaty Il-76T]]
;{{flag|Kazakhstan}}
; {{KAZ}}
* [[Government of Kazakhstan]]
* The [[Government of Kazakhstan]] operates one Il-76.
;{{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
* Air Almaty operates an Il-76TD for leased operations.<ref>"[http://www.airalmaty.kz/index.php?mode=view&r=6&p=2&lang=en Lease] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924051928/http://www.airalmaty.kz/index.php?mode=view&r=6&p=2&lang=en |date=2009-09-24}}". AirAlmaty.kz</ref>
* Fly Sky Airlines operates two Il-76TD aircraft<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fabricius |first=Darren Olivier and Peter |date=2025-10-09 |title=What's with all these Russian-made aircraft flying above Pretoria? |url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2025-10-09-south-africans-have-their-eyes-peeled-for-russians-in-the-sky/ |access-date=2025-10-13 |website=Daily Maverick |language=en}}</ref>
* GST Aero operates 1 Il-76T.
[[File:AIR KORYO IL76,S P912 AND P914 AT PYONGYANG SUNAN AIRPORT DPRK NORTH KOREA OCT 2012 (8656695412).jpg|thumb|A pair of [[Air Koryo]] Ilyushin Il-76 aircraft at [[Pyongyang International Airport]]]]
; {{KGZ}}
;{{PRK}}
* [[Botir Avia]] used to operate three, including one Il-76MD and two Il-76TD.
* [[Air Koryo]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-09-30 |title=Airshow Review – Wonsan Air Festival, North Korea |url=https://www.globalaviationresource.com/v2/2016/09/30/airshow-review-wonsan-air-festival-north-korea/ |access-date=2023-11-04 |website=GAR - We've got aviation covered |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* [[Kyrgyzstan Airlines]] operates one Il-76TD.
;{{flag|Russia}}
; {{LAO}}
* [[Aviacon Zitotrans]]
* Imtrec aviation of Cambodia used to operate Laos registered Il-76TD.
* [[Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)|Ministry of Emergency Situations]]
; {{MLI}}
* [[Roscosmos]] – [[reduced-gravity aircraft]] used for cosmonaut training by [[Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center]]
* Transafrica Airlines
* [[Volga-Dnepr Airlines]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Volga-Dnepr evaluates stretched AN-124-102 for special aerospace and industrial payloads |url=http://www.jamierochepr.co.uk/newsletters/volga-dnepr/august2008/download/Volga-Dnepr_Big_News_Issue_15.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120228213247/http://www.jamierochepr.co.uk/newsletters/volga-dnepr/august2008/download/Volga-Dnepr_Big_News_Issue_15.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-28 |access-date=2009-10-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=News |url=http://www.heavyliftpfi.com/content/NewsItem.aspx?id=3747 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113203123/http://www.heavyliftpfi.com/content/NewsItem.aspx?id=3747 |archive-date=2012-01-13 |access-date=2012-01-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Fleet in Flight Radar |url=https://www.flightradar24.com/data/aircraft/volga-dnepr-airlines-vi-vda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925035239/https://www.flightradar24.com/data/aircraft/volga-dnepr-airlines-vi-vda |archive-date=2017-09-25 |access-date=2017-09-24}}</ref>
; {{PRK}}
;{{TKM}}
* [[Air Koryo]]
* [[Turkmenistan Airlines]] operates four Il-76TDs.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
; {{RUS}}
;{{UAE}}
* The [[Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)|Ministry of Emergency Situations]] operates an Il-76TD.
* [[Maximus Air]] operates one IL-76TD.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}}
* [[Border Guard Service of Russia]]
;{{UNO}}
* [[Abakan Avia]] used to operate three Il-76TDs.
* The [[United Nations Humanitarian Air Service]] has operated several of the type from the early to mid-1990s to now. Most of them are either ex-[[Aeroflot]] or one that the Russian Aerospace Forces has lent to the UN.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
* [[Airstars Airways]] used to operate four Il-76TDs on cargo services.
;{{USA}}
* [[Alrosa-Avia]] operates four Il-76TDs on charter services.
* Meridican, Inc, operating an Il-78 with registration N20NS.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 27, 2024 |title=FAA Registry N-Number Inquiry Results |url=https://registry.faa.gov/AircraftInquiry/Search/NNumberInquiry |access-date=June 27, 2024 |website=FAA Aircraft Inquiry}}</ref>
* Aram Air
;{{UZB}}
* [[Atlant-Soyuz Airlines]] operates six, including two Il-76MDs and four Il-76TDs.
* [[Uzbekistan Airways]] used to operate 14 Il-76TDs.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
* [[ATRAN Cargo Airlines]] operates five, including three Il-76Ts and two Il-76TDs. At least one Il-76M may have been operated in the past.
* [[Atruvera Aviation]] operates three, including one Il-76MD and two Il-76TDs.
* [[Aviacon Zitotrans]] operates five, including four Il-76TDs.
* [[Aviast]] operates four, including one Il-76MD and three Il-76TDs.
* Magadan Avia Leasing is a lease and charter operator of the Il-76.
* [[Samara Airlines]] operates two Il-76TDs.
* [[Volga-Dnepr]] operates eight: four Il-76TDs and four Il-76TD-90VDs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jamierochepr.co.uk/newsletters/volga-dnepr/august2008/download/Volga-Dnepr_Big_News_Issue_15.pdf |title=Volga-Dnepr evaluates stretched AN-124-102 for special aerospace and industrial payloads |access-date=2009-10-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120228213247/http://www.jamierochepr.co.uk/newsletters/volga-dnepr/august2008/download/Volga-Dnepr_Big_News_Issue_15.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heavyliftpfi.com/content/NewsItem.aspx?id=3747 |title=News |access-date=2012-01-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113203123/http://www.heavyliftpfi.com/content/NewsItem.aspx?id=3747 |archive-date=2012-01-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flightradar24.com/data/aircraft/volga-dnepr-airlines-vi-vda |title=Fleet in Flight Radar |access-date=2017-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925035239/https://www.flightradar24.com/data/aircraft/volga-dnepr-airlines-vi-vda |archive-date=2017-09-25 |url-status=live}}</ref>
; {{SUD}}
* [[Azza Transport]] used to operate two Il-76TDs.<ref name="african migs p244" />
* [[Green Flag Airlines]] operates one
; {{SYR}}
* [[Syrian Arab Airlines]] operates four, including three Il-76Ms.
[[File:Ilyushin Il-76 Turkmenistan Airlines Istanbul Sabiha.jpg|thumb|Ilyushin Il-76TD of [[Turkmenistan Airlines]]]]
; {{TKM}}
* [[Turkmenistan Airlines]] operates eight Il-76TDs.
; {{UKR}}
* ATI Aircompany operates a number of Il-76 models.
* [[Lviv Airlines]] operates three Il-76MDs.
* [[Ukraine Air Alliance]] operates four, including one Il-76MD and three Il-76TDs.
* Veteran Airlines
* [[Volare Airlines (Ukraine)|Volare Airlines]] operates three, including two Il-76MDs and one Il-76TD.
* [[Yuzhmashavia]] operates two Il-76TDs.
; {{UNO}}
* The [[United Nations Humanitarian Air Service]] has operated several of the type from the early to mid-1990s to now. Most of them are either ex-[[Aeroflot]] or one that the Russian Aerospace Forces has lent to the UN.
; {{USA}}
* Air Support Systems, LLC operates the Il-76/78 in firefighting duties in the US.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}}
; {{UAE}}
* Gulf Aviation Technology and Services operates a number of Il-76 aircraft on charter or lease.
* [[Phoenix Aviation]] used to operate 2 Il-76TDs.
; {{UZB}}
* [[Avialeasing]] operates the Il-76 on a charter and lease basis.
* [[Uzbekistan Airways]] used to operate 14 Il-76TDs.


===Former civil operators===
===Former civil operators===
; {{ANG}}
;{{ANG}}
* [[Angola Air Charter]] has operated an Il-76.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://rzjets.net/operators/?show=62|title=Angola Air Charter|website=rzjets.net|access-date=2019-07-03}}</ref>
* [[Angola Air Charter]] operated an Il-76.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}}
; {{ARM}}
;{{ARM}}
* [[Air Highnesses]] used to own and operate Il-76T (EK-76300) on behalf of [[Aéro-Service]] before it crashed.<ref name="AVHerald1Dec2012" />
* Dvin Airlines used to operate an Il-76TD.
* Dvin Airlines used to operate an Il-76TD.
* [[Yerevan-Avia]] used to operate two Il-76 (EK86724 and EK86817).
* [[Yerevan-Avia]] used to operate two Il-76 (EK86724 and EK86817).
; {{BLR}}
;{{flag|Bahrain}}
* Global Aviation Services<ref>Retrieved 2 December 2015. FlightStats. [http://www.flightstats.com/go/FlightStatus/flightStatusByFlight.do?airline=%285S%29+Global+Aviation+Services&flightNumber=509&departureDate=2015-12-01&x=16&y=5%7C(5S) Global Aviation Services 509 Flight Status] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704071438/http://www.flightstats.com/go/FlightStatus/flightStatusByFlight.do?airline=%285S%29+Global+Aviation+Services&flightNumber=509&departureDate=2015-12-01&x=16&y=5%7C(5S)|date=2017-07-04}}</ref>
;{{BLR}}
* [[Belavia]] operated the Il-76 before its closure in 1999.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[Belavia]] operated the Il-76 before its closure in 1999.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[Gomelavia]] operated five Il-76TD.
* [[Gomelavia]] operated five Il-76TD.
; {{BFA}}
;{{BFA}}
* [[Faso Airways]] operated a Il-76TD.<ref name="african migs p245" />
* [[Faso Airways]] operated a Il-76TD.<ref name="african migs p245" />
; {{CAM}}
;{{CAM}}
* Imtrec Aviation operated a Laotian registered Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* Imtrec Aviation operated a Laotian registered Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
; {{COD}}
;{{IDN}}
*Penas Air Cargo
;{{COD}}
* [[Air Congo]] operated an Il-76TD.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[Air Congo]] operated an Il-76TD.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
; {{CGO}}
;{{CGO}}
* The Republic of the Congo operates an Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* The Republic of the Congo operates an Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[Trans Air Congo]] has operated an Il-76T.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
* [[Trans Air Congo]] has operated an Il-76T.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
;{{CUB}}
;{{CUB}}
* [[Cubana de Aviación]] used to operate two Il-76s.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[Cubana de Aviación]] used to operate two Il-76MDs.{{sfn|Jackson|Munson|Taylor|1995|page=317}}
;{{EQG}}
;{{EQG}}
* Ecuatorial Cargo operated one Il-76TD.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* Ecuatorial Cargo operated one Il-76TD.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
Line 301: Line 278:
* Atlant Hungary has operated the Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* Atlant Hungary has operated the Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* Hungarian Ukrainian Air Cargo has operated the Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* Hungarian Ukrainian Air Cargo has operated the Il-76.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
; {{IRN}}
;{{IRN}}
* Atlas Air has operated at least eight Il-76TD.
* Atlas Air has operated at least eight Il-76TD.
* [[Chabahar Airlines|Chabahar Air]] has operated at least two Il-76TD.
* [[Chabahar Airlines|Chabahar Air]] has operated at least two Il-76TD.
Line 309: Line 286:
* [[Safiran Airlines]]
* [[Safiran Airlines]]
* [[Yas Air]] operated two Il-76TDs (registered as EP-GOL and EP-GOM).
* [[Yas Air]] operated two Il-76TDs (registered as EP-GOL and EP-GOM).
; {{flag|Iraq|1991}}
* [[Iraqi Airways]] operated a single Il-76.
;{{JOR}}
;{{JOR}}
* [[Jordan International Air Cargo]] – has operated two Il-76MFs delivered in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jiac.com.jo/Default.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722071053/http://www.jiac.com.jo/Default.aspx |url-status=dead|title=Jordan International Air Cargo|archive-date=July 22, 2011}}</ref> and operated for the [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]] which were sold to Egypt in 2018 and were delivered in 2019.<ref name="weaponews.com"/>
* [[Jordan International Air Cargo]] – has operated two Il-76MFs delivered in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jiac.com.jo/Default.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722071053/http://www.jiac.com.jo/Default.aspx |url-status=dead|title=Jordan International Air Cargo|archive-date=July 22, 2011}}</ref> and operated for the [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]] which were sold to Egypt in 2018 and were delivered in 2019.<ref name="weaponews.com">{{Cite web |title=Jordan gave Egypt two military transport Il-76MF |url=https://weaponews.com/news/65353379-jordan-gave-egypt-two-military-transport-il-76mf.html |access-date=2019-08-05 |website=weaponews.com |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:IL-76 in Antarctica.jpg|thumb|GST Aero IL-76 at [[Patriot Hills Base Camp]], Antarctica]]
[[File:IL-76 in Antarctica.jpg|thumb|GST Aero Il-76 at [[Patriot Hills Base Camp]], Antarctica]]
;{{KAZ}}
;{{KAZ}}
* [[Air Kazakhstan]] operated Il-76 aircraft until its closure in 2004.
* [[Air Kazakhstan]] operated Il-76 aircraft until its closure in 2004.
* [[Kazakhstan Airlines]] operated the Il-76TD before its closure in 1997.
* [[Kazakhstan Airlines]] operated the Il-76TD before its closure in 1997.
* [[Sayakhat Airlines]] operated the Il-76 previously.
* [[Sayakhat Airlines]] operated the Il-76 previously.
; {{LAT}}
* Air Almaty operates an Il-76TD for leased operations.<ref>[http://www.airalmaty.kz/index.php?mode=view&r=6&p=2&lang=en "Lease"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924051928/http://www.airalmaty.kz/index.php?mode=view&r=6&p=2&lang=en|date=2009-09-24}}. AirAlmaty.kz</ref>
* [[Inversija]] operated three, including two Il-76Ts and one Il-76TD.
* GST Aero
; {{LBA}}
;{{KGZ}}
* Jamahiria Air Transport operated the Il-76M, Il-76TD, and Il-78.
* [[Botir Avia]] used to operate three, including one Il-76MD and two Il-76TD.
* [[Kyrgyzstan Airlines]] operates one Il-76TD.
;{{LAO}}
* Imtrec aviation of Cambodia used to operate Laos registered Il-76TD.
;{{LAT}}
* [[Inversija]] operated four, including three Il-76Ts and one Il-76TD.{{sfn|Jackson|Munson|Taylor|1995|page=317}}
;{{LBA}}
* Jamahiria Air Transport operated five Il-76M and 12 Il-76TD.{{sfn|Jackson|Munson|Taylor|1995|page=317}}
* [[Libyan Air Cargo]], the cargo division of [[Libyan Arab Airlines]], operates 21, including one Il-76M and 15 Il-76TD.
* [[Libyan Air Cargo]], the cargo division of [[Libyan Arab Airlines]], operates 21, including one Il-76M and 15 Il-76TD.
; {{MDA}}
;{{MLI}}
* Transafrica Airlines
;{{MDA}}
* [[Aerocom]] operated an Il-76MD as well as an Il-76T until as late as January 2005.
* [[Aerocom]] operated an Il-76MD as well as an Il-76T until as late as January 2005.
* Airline Transport operated a number of Il-76 aircraft, losing three in accidents in 2004 and 2005.
* Airline Transport operated a number of Il-76 aircraft, losing three in accidents in 2004 and 2005.
* Jet Line International used to operate the Il-76.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jetlineintl.com/ |title=Jet Line |access-date=2018-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215155013/http://www.jetlineintl.com/ |archive-date=2007-12-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Jet Line International used to operate the Il-76.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jetlineintl.com/ |title=Jet Line |access-date=2018-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215155013/http://www.jetlineintl.com/ |archive-date=2007-12-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Tiramavia
* Tiramavia
; {{RUS}}
;{{RUS}}
* [[Aeroflot]] operated large numbers of aircraft, especially during Soviet years, often on behalf of the Soviet military. However, none remain in service with the airline.
* [[Aeroflot]] operated large numbers of aircraft, especially during Soviet years, often on behalf of the Soviet military. However, none remain in service with the airline.
* Air STAN operated an Il-76TD.
* Air STAN operated an Il-76TD.
* ALAK operated Il-76 aircraft before its closure in 1999.
* ALAK operated Il-76 aircraft before its closure in 1999.
* ATLANT-SOYUZ operated several Il-76TD
* [[Aviaenergo]] operated the aircraft, but none remain in service.
* [[Aviaenergo]] operated the aircraft, but none remain in service.
* [[Continental Airways]] has operated the Il-76 in the past, but does not do so currently.
* [[Continental Airways]] has operated the Il-76 in the past, but does not do so currently.
Line 344: Line 329:
* [[Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise]] operated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
* [[Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise]] operated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
* [[Red Wings Airlines]] used to operate two Il-76TDs.
* [[Red Wings Airlines]] used to operate two Il-76TDs.
* [[Abakan Avia|Royal Flight]]
* Spair Airlines
* Spair Airlines
* [[Tesis Aviation Enterprise]] used to operate nine Il-76TDs.
* [[Tesis Aviation Enterprise]] used to operate nine Il-76TDs.
* Tyumen Airlines
* Tyumen Airlines
* Uralinteravia
* Uralinteravia
; {{SRB}}
;{{SRB}}
* [[Air Tomisko]] operated 3 Il-76TDs. Two were leased from [[GST Aero]] which had been before in service of Kosmas Air, and one more was added in May 2006.<ref name="blic">[http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Hronika/125844/Trgovao-oruzjem-sa-bivsim--agentima-KGB Trgovao oružjem sa bivšim agentima KGB] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610195116/http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Hronika/125844/Trgovao-oruzjem-sa-bivsim--agentima-KGB |date=2015-06-10}} at [[Blic]] Online, 17-12-2009, retrieved 19-11-2013 {{in lang|sr}}</ref>
* [[Air Tomisko]] operated 3 Il-76TDs. Two were leased from GST Aero which had been before in service of Kosmas Air, and one more was added in May 2006.<ref name="blic">[http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Hronika/125844/Trgovao-oruzjem-sa-bivsim--agentima-KGB Trgovao oružjem sa bivšim agentima KGB] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610195116/http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Hronika/125844/Trgovao-oruzjem-sa-bivsim--agentima-KGB |date=2015-06-10}} at [[Blic]] Online, 17-12-2009, retrieved 19-11-2013 {{in lang|sr}}</ref>
* [[Kosmas Air]] operated two Il-76TDs leased from [[GST Aero]].<ref name="blic"/>
* [[Kosmas Air]] operated two Il-76TDs leased from GST Aero.<ref name="blic"/>
; {{SLE}}
;{{SLE}}
* [[Aerolift]] Sierra Leone used to operate Il-76 aircraft for special charter and cargo lift operations.<ref>"[http://www.aerolift.org/files/fleet/il76.htm Ilyushin 76] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928154043/http://www.aerolift.org/files/fleet/il76.htm |date=2007-09-28}}", ''[http://www.aerolift.org/ Aerolift] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312073251/http://www.aerolift.org/ |date=2007-03-12}}''</ref>
* [[Aerolift]] Sierra Leone used to operate Il-76 aircraft for special charter and cargo lift operations.<ref>"[http://www.aerolift.org/files/fleet/il76.htm Ilyushin 76] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928154043/http://www.aerolift.org/files/fleet/il76.htm |date=2007-09-28}}", ''[http://www.aerolift.org/ Aerolift] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312073251/http://www.aerolift.org/ |date=2007-03-12}}''</ref>
; {{USSR}}
;{{USSR}}
* Aeroflot was the main civil user of the aircraft during the period of the Soviet Union, although many of its aircraft were operated on behalf of the military.
* Aeroflot was the main civil user of the aircraft during the period of the Soviet Union, although many of its aircraft were operated on behalf of the military.
* Jet Air Cargo was one of the first civil operators of the Il-76 in Russia other than Aeroflot.
* Jet Air Cargo was one of the first civil operators of the Il-76 in Russia other than Aeroflot.
; {{SUD}}
;{{SUD}}
* [[Air West]] operated at least six aircraft, although it is unclear how many remain in service.<ref name="african migs p244">{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|page=244}}</ref>
* [[Air West]] operated at least six aircraft, although it is unclear how many remain in service.<ref name="african migs p244">{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|page=244}}</ref>
* East West Cargo operated a number of Il-76s.<ref name="african migs p244" />
* East West Cargo operated a number of Il-76s.<ref name="african migs p244" />
* [[Juba Air Cargo]] operated the Il-76.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jubacargo.com/ |title=JUBA Cargo |access-date=2006-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205051448/http://jubacargo.com/ |archive-date=2006-12-05 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Juba Air Cargo]] operated the Il-76.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jubacargo.com/ |title=JUBA Cargo |access-date=2006-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205051448/http://jubacargo.com/ |archive-date=2006-12-05 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Badr Airlines]] operated two Il-76s.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.badrairlines.com/|title=Badr Airlines - Your Load in Good Hands! |date=June 24, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624124057/http://www.badrairlines.com/|archive-date=2009-06-24}}</ref>
* [[Badr Airlines]] operated two Il-76s.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.badrairlines.com/|title=Badr Airlines – Your Load in Good Hands! |date=June 24, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624124057/http://www.badrairlines.com/|archive-date=2009-06-24}}</ref>
* Trans Attico operated two Il-76TDs.<ref name="african migs p245">{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|page=245}}</ref>
* Trans Attico operated two Il-76TDs.<ref name="african migs p245">{{harvnb|Cooper|Weinert|Hinz|Lepko|2011|page=245}}</ref>
* Alfa Airlines
* Alfa Airlines
[[File:Loading BMD-1 in IL-76.JPG|thumb|right|Loading BMD-1 in Ukrainian Air Force IL-76]]
* [[Azza Transport]] used to operate two Il-76TDs.<ref name="african migs p244" />
; {{UKR}}
* [[Green Flag Airlines]]
;{{SYR}}
* [[Syrian Arab Airlines]] operated four, including three Il-76Ms. They were shared with [[Syrian Arab Air Force]].<ref name=":01Sy">{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=90688 |title = World Air Forces 2023 |newspaper = Flight Global |publisher= Flightglobal Insight |year= 2023 |access-date= 30 July 2023}}</ref> The [[Fall of the Assad regime|Syrian government of Al-Assad fell to rebels]] in late 2024, and the Syrian Arab Air Force was dismantled. It was re-established as [[Syrian Air Force]], but the revolution, and the Israeli air strikes that followed it, wrecked havoc in the inventory of the Air Force. In late 2025, the World Air Forces publication by [[FlightGlobal]], which tracks the aircraft inventories of world's air forces and publishes its counts annually, removed all Syrian Air Force's aircraft from their World Air Forces 2026 report. It is thus questionable if the Syrian Air Force has any flying aircraft in their inventory, and in particular, any Il-76, as of December 2025. Since the Il-76 were shared with Syrian Arab Airlines, the same can be said about Syrian Arab Airlines as well.<ref name="World Air Forces 2026">{{cite report |last=Hoyle |first=Craig |year=2025 |title=World Air Forces 2026 |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=113841 |access-date=20 December 2025 |publisher=[[FlightGlobal]] |page=4 }}</ref>
;{{UKR}}
* Air Service Ukraine operated the Il-76MD.
* Air Service Ukraine operated the Il-76MD.
* [[Air Ukraine]] and Air Ukraine Cargo operated the aircraft, although none were in service at the time of bankruptcy.
* [[Air Ukraine]] and Air Ukraine Cargo operated the aircraft, although none were in service at the time of bankruptcy.
* ATI Aircompany operated a number of Il-76 models.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
* ATLANT-SV AIRLINES operated over 40 Il-76TD
* [[Azov Avia Airlines]] operated two Il-76MDs.
* [[Azov Avia Airlines]] operated two Il-76MDs.
* BSL Airline operated as many as six Il-78s.
* BSL Airline operated as many as six Il-78s.
* Busol Airlines operated the Il-76 before its closure in 1998.
* Busol Airlines operated the Il-76 before its closure in 1998.
* [[Khors Aircompany]] operated two Il-76MDs.
* [[Khors Aircompany]] operated two Il-76MDs.
* [[Lviv Airlines]] operates three Il-76MDs.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
* [[South Airlines]]
* [[Ukraine Air Alliance]] operated four, including one Il-76MD and three Il-76TDs.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
* [[Ukrainian Cargo Airways]] operated 21, including 19 Il-76MDs.
* [[Ukrainian Cargo Airways]] operated 21, including 19 Il-76MDs.
* [[South Airlines]]
* [[Volare Airlines (Ukraine)|Volare Airlines]] operated three, including two Il-76MDs and one Il-76TD.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
; {{YEM}}
* Veteran Airlines
* [[Yuzhmashavia]] operated two Il-76TDs.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
;{{UZB}}
* [[Avialeasing]] operated the Il-76 on a charter and lease basis.
;{{UAE}}
* Gulf Aviation Technology and Services operated a number of Il-76 aircraft on charter or lease.
* [[Phoenix Aviation]] used to operate 2 Il-76TDs.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}
;{{YEM}}
* [[Yemenia]] operated two Il-76TDs.
* [[Yemenia]] operated two Il-76TDs.


== Accidents ==
== Accidents and incidents ==
{{morerefs|section|date=March 2023}}
{{Main|Category:Aviation accidents and incidents involving the Ilyushin Il-76}}
[[File:Lviv Airlines Ilyushin Il-76MD Shevelev-1.jpg|thumb|An Il-76MD that was damaged during the [[Sknyliv air show disaster]] on 27 July 2002, during which the [[Sukhoi Su-27]] involved struck a glancing blow against the aircraft's nose before crashing into spectators.]]
[[File:Lviv Airlines Ilyushin Il-76MD Shevelev-1.jpg|thumb|An Il-76MD that was damaged during the [[Sknyliv air show disaster]] on 27 July 2002, during which the [[Sukhoi Su-27]] involved struck a glancing blow against the aircraft's nose before crashing into spectators]]
As of March 2023, a total of 94 Il-76 series aircraft have been written off in crashes and other accidents.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/types/Ilyushin-76/losses |title=Ilyushin Il-76 hull losses |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |date=13 March 2023 |access-date=13 March 2023 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> There were at average two Il-76 crashes or similar accidents per year since 1979, with more than 1000 casualties.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}
 
As of July 2024, the [[Aviation Safety Network]] has tracked 137 incidents involving Il-76 series aircraft resulting in the 1,158 fatalities. 99 have been written off in crashes and other accidents.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aviation Safety Network > > ASN Aviation Safety Database results |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/type/IL76 |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref> Some of the most notable incidents can be found here.
* On 23 November 1979, a [[Soviet Air Forces]] Il-76, [[Aircraft registration|registration]] CCCP-86714, banked left during an approach to [[Vitebsk Vostochny Airport|Vitebsk Airport]]. Control of the aircraft was lost and the aircraft crashed, killing the crew of seven; this was the first loss of an Il-76.<ref>{{ASN accident|title= CCCP-86714|id= 19791123-0}}</ref>
* On 23 November 1979, a [[Soviet Air Forces]] Il-76, [[Aircraft registration|registration]] CCCP-86714, banked left during an approach to [[Vitebsk Vostochny Airport|Vitebsk Airport]]. Control of the aircraft was lost and the aircraft crashed, killing the crew of seven; this was the first loss of an Il-76.<ref>{{ASN accident|title= CCCP-86714|id= 19791123-0}}</ref>
* On 11 December 1988, an [[1988 Soviet Air Force Il-76 crash|Aeroflot Il-76 crashed]] on approach to [[Leninakan]], Armenia killing 77 of the 78 on board. The aircraft was on an air relief operation following the [[1988 Armenian earthquake]].<ref>{{ASN accident|id= 19881211-0|title= CCCP-86732}}</ref>
* [[1979 in Afghanistan#25 December 1979|''Christmas day crash'']]. On 25 December 1979, a [[Soviet Air Forces|Soviet Air Force]] Il-76 crashed 36&nbsp;km from Kabul, killing 48 onboard.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Crash of an Ilyushin II-76M near Kabul: 47 killed {{!}} Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives |url=https://www.baaa-acro.com/crash/crash-ilyushin-ii-76m-near-kabul-47-killed |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=www.baaa-acro.com}}</ref>
* On 18 October 1989, a Soviet Air Force Il-76 (CCCP-76569) [[1989 Soviet Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] in the Caspian Sea off Sumqayit, Azerbaijan following wing separation caused by an engine fire, killing all 57 in Azerbaijan's deadliest air accident. The cause of the engine fire was traced back to a design flaw.
* ''[[1988 Soviet Air Force Il-76 crash]]''. On 11 December 1988, an [[1988 Soviet Air Force Il-76 crash|Aeroflot Il-76 crashed]] on approach to [[Leninakan]], Armenia killing 77 of the 78 on board. The aircraft was on an air relief operation following the [[1988 Armenian earthquake]].<ref>{{ASN accident|id= 19881211-0|title= CCCP-86732}}</ref>
* On 1 February 1990, a [[Soviet Air Forces]] Il-76 [[Aircraft registration|registration]] СССР-86021 crashed 14 minutes after takeoff from [[Panevėžys Air Base]]. The crashed killed all 8 members of the crew.<ref>{{cite web |title=Accident description for CCCP-86021 |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19900201-1 |website=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
* [[1989 Soviet Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash|''Soviet Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash'']]. On 18 October 1989, a Soviet Air Force Il-76 (CCCP-76569) [[1989 Soviet Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] in the Caspian Sea off Sumqayit, Azerbaijan following wing separation caused by an engine fire, killing all 57 in Azerbaijan's deadliest air accident. The cause of the engine fire was traced back to a design flaw.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accident Ilyushin Il-76MD CCCP-76569, Wednesday 18 October 1989 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/326186 |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref>
 
=== 1990s ===
* On 1 February 1990, a [[Soviet Air Forces]] Il-76 [[Aircraft registration|registration]] СССР-86021 crashed 14 minutes after takeoff from [[Panevėžys Air Base]], killing all 8 members of the crew.<ref>{{cite web |title=Accident description for CCCP-86021 |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19900201-1 |website=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
* On 24 May 1991, a Metro Cargo Il-76TD (LZ-INK, named ''Lugano''), crashed near Kermanshah Airport while attempting a forced landing following fuel exhaustion, killing four of ten crew.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=19910524-0|title=LZ-INK}}</ref>
* On 24 May 1991, a Metro Cargo Il-76TD (LZ-INK, named ''Lugano''), crashed near Kermanshah Airport while attempting a forced landing following fuel exhaustion, killing four of ten crew.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=19910524-0|title=LZ-INK}}</ref>
* On 8 July 1993, a Russian Air Force Il-76M (RA-86039) crashed near [[Pskov Airport]] due to loss of control following an unexplained in-flight fire, killing the 11 crew.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=19930708-0|title=RA-86039}}</ref>
* On 8 July 1993, a Russian Air Force Il-76M ([[RA-86039]]) crashed near [[Pskov Airport]] due to loss of control following an unexplained in-flight fire, killing the 11 crew.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=19930708-0|title=RA-86039}}</ref>
* On 19 August 1996, [[Spair Airlines Flight 3601]], an Il-76T, crashed while trying to land at [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]] following total electrical failure due to pilot error, killing all 14 occupants on board.<ref>{{ASN accident |title= RA-76513 |id= 19960819-0}}</ref> The crew had forgotten to turn on the AC/DC converter following engine startup.
* ''[[1995 Airstan Ilyushin Il-76 hijacking]]''. On 3 August 1995 Taliban-controlled fighter aircraft intercepted an Airstan Ilyushin Il-76TD transport aircraft, and held its seven crew members for over a year before escaping.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2001-10-29 |title=Escape from Kandahar |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/monitoring/media_reports/1624821.stm |access-date=2024-08-01 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=AMBAH |first=FAIZA |date=August 17, 1996 |title=Russian Air Crew, Held in Afghanistan, Escapes to UAE |url=https://apnews.com/article/56e5bba6554b9bafec82dadc4f2da074 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515193011/https://apnews.com/article/56e5bba6554b9bafec82dadc4f2da074 |archive-date= 15 May 2023 |access-date= 27 June 2024 |work= [[Associated Press]]}}</ref>
* On 12 November 1996, [[Kazakhstan Airlines]] Flight 1907, an Il-76, [[1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision|collided in mid-air]] with [[Saudia]] Flight 763 (a [[Boeing 747]]) over Charkhi Dadri, India, killing all 349 aboard both aircraft in the deadliest mid-air collision. The Kazakhstani crew failed to maintain altitude owing to confusion with ATC.
* On 19 August 1996, [[Spair Airlines Flight 3601]], an Il-76T, crashed while trying to land at [[Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport]] following total electrical failure due to pilot error, killing all 11 occupants on board.<ref>{{ASN accident |title= RA-76513 |id= 19960819-0}}</ref> The crew had forgotten to turn on the AC/DC converter following engine startup.
* On 27 November 1996, a [[Russian Air Force]] Ilyushin Il-76MD, registration RA-78804, flew into the side of a mountain, minutes after it departed [[Abakan Airport]], and crashed {{convert|14|km}} from the airport. All 21 occupants on board died in the accident.<ref>{{ASN accident |title= RA-78804 |id= 19961127-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= IL-76 hits mountain|publisher= [[Flight International]] |date= 4 December 1996 |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/il-76-hits-mountain-13376/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151017121032/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/il-76-hits-mountain-13376/|archive-date= 2015-10-17 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
* ''[[1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision|Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision]]''. On 12 November 1996, [[Kazakhstan Airlines]] [[Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907|Flight 1907]], an Il-76, [[1996 Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision|collided in mid-air]] with [[Saudia]] Flight 763 (a [[Boeing 747]]) over [[Charkhi Dadri]], India, killing all 349 aboard both aircraft in the deadliest mid-air collision. The Kazakh crew failed to maintain altitude owing to confusion with ATC.  
*On 13 July 1998, ATI Aircompany Flight 2570, an Il-76MD (UR-76424), crashed in the sea shortly after takeoff from Ras Al Khaimah International Airport, killing the eight crew. The aircraft was overloaded and the pilot failed to respond to GPWS warnings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/today-history/july-13-1998-cargo-plane-crashes-off-ras-al-khaimah-1.2250512|title=July 13, 1998: Cargo plane crashes off Ras Al Khaimah|website=gulfnews.com|date=12 July 2018 }}</ref>
* ''[[1996 Abakan Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 27 November 1996, a [[Russian Air Force]] Ilyushin Il-76MD, registration [[RA-78804]], flew into the side of a mountain, minutes after it departed [[Abakan Airport]], and crashed {{convert|14|km}} from the airport. All 21 occupants on board died in the accident.<ref>{{ASN accident |title= RA-78804 |id= 19961127-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= IL-76 hits mountain|publisher= [[Flight International]] |date= 4 December 1996 |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/il-76-hits-mountain-13376/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151017121032/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/il-76-hits-mountain-13376/|archive-date= 2015-10-17 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
*On 13 July 1998, ATI Aircompany Flight 2570, an Il-76MD (UR-76424), crashed in the sea shortly after takeoff from Ras Al Khaimah International Airport, killing the eight crew. The aircraft was overloaded and the pilot failed to respond to GPWS warnings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/today-history/july-13-1998-cargo-plane-crashes-off-ras-al-khaimah-1.2250512|title=July 13, 1998: Cargo plane crashes off Ras Al Khaimah|website=gulfnews.com|date=12 July 2018}}</ref>
*On 17 July 1998, [[Air Sofia]] Flight 701, an Il-78 (UR-UCI) struck a hill on approach to Asmara International Airport, killing all ten on board. The aircraft was leased from Ukrainian Cargo Airways.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=19980717-0|title=UR-UCI}}</ref>
*On 17 July 1998, [[Air Sofia]] Flight 701, an Il-78 (UR-UCI) struck a hill on approach to Asmara International Airport, killing all ten on board. The aircraft was leased from Ukrainian Cargo Airways.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=19980717-0|title=UR-UCI}}</ref>
* On 2 December 2001, [[Armed Forces of the Russian Federation Flight 9064]] crashed at Novaya Inya, Russia, following an onboard fire, killing 18 on board.
 
* On 19 February 2003, an Ilyushin Il-76 [[2003 Iran Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] near [[Kerman]], Iran under unspecified reasons (possibly weather-related). The crash killed 275 people, including hundreds of the [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|Iranian Revolutionary Guard]]. The accident remains the deadliest involving the Il-76.
=== 2000s ===
* On 8 May 2003, the rear loading ramp of an Il-76 leased by the Congolese government [[2003 Congo air disaster|unexpectedly opened at 10,000 feet]] after taking off from the capital Kinshasa. Initial reports stated that over 120 policemen and their families had been sucked out in 45 minutes,<ref>{{cite news|title= At 10,000 feet the door flipped open and scores of passengers were sucked out|first= James|last= Astill|location= [[Nairobi]]|work= [[The Guardian]] |date= 10 May 2003 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/business/2003/may/10/theairlineindustry.congo|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121129104233/http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2003/may/10/theairlineindustry.congo|archive-date= 2012-11-29 |url-status= dead}}</ref> but 14 people actually died.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/2004/2004-02%20-%200041.PDF "Safety Review"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104204502/http://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/2004/2004-02%20-%200041.PDF |date=2014-01-04}}, ''Flight International'', 20–26 January 2004 p. 39.</ref>
* ''[[Armed Forces of the Russian Federation Flight 9064]]''. On 2 December 2001, a military flight from [[Bratsk Airport]] to [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport]] crashed at Novaya Inya, Russia, following an onboard fire, killing 18 on board.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-76TD RA-76839 Novaya Inya |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20011202-0 |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
* ''[[Rus Flight 9633]]''. On 14 July 2001 a cargo flight from [[Chkalovsky Air Base|Chkalovsky Airport]] crashed shortly after takeoff, killing 10 persons on board the aircraft.
* ''[[2003 Iran Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 19 February 2003, an Ilyushin Il-76 [[2003 Iran Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] near [[Kerman]], Iran under unspecified reasons (possibly weather-related). The crash killed 275 people, including hundreds of the [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|Iranian Revolutionary Guard]]. The accident remains the deadliest involving the Il-76.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-76MD 15-2280 Kerman |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20030219-0 |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=aviation-safety.net}}</ref>
* ''[[2003 Ukrainian Cargo Airways Il-76 accident]]''. On 8 May 2003, the rear loading ramp of an Il-76 leased by the Congolese government [[2003 Congo air disaster|unexpectedly opened at 10,000 feet]] after taking off from the capital Kinshasa. Initial reports stated that over 120 policemen and their families had been sucked out in 45 minutes,<ref>{{cite news|title= At 10,000 feet the door flipped open and scores of passengers were sucked out|first= James|last= Astill|location= [[Nairobi]]|work= [[The Guardian]] |date= 10 May 2003 |url= https://www.theguardian.com/business/2003/may/10/theairlineindustry.congo|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121129104233/http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2003/may/10/theairlineindustry.congo|archive-date= 2012-11-29 |url-status= dead}}</ref> but 14 people actually died.<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/2004/2004-02%20-%200041.PDF "Safety Review"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104204502/http://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/2004/2004-02%20-%200041.PDF |date=2014-01-04}}, ''Flight International'', 20–26 January 2004 p. 39.</ref>
* ''[[2007 Mogadishu TransAVIAexport Airlines Il-76 crash]]''. On 23 March 2007, an Il-76 of [[TransAVIAexport Airlines]] registered EW-78849 was reportedly [[2007 Mogadishu TransAVIAexport Airlines Il-76 crash|shot down]] (the official cause is undetermined) in the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia, killing all 11 people on board.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2012-11-03 |title=Cargo Plane Shot Down in Somalia |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/23/AR2007032301775.html |access-date=2024-08-01 |archive-date=2012-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103010430/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/23/AR2007032301775.html |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
*On 30 June 2008, an Ababeel Aviation Il-76 crashed while taking off from [[Khartoum]] on a relief flight, killing the 4 crew members, the only people on board the plane.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=408f9862&opt=1|title = Crash: Ababeel IL76 at Khartoum on June 30th 2008, hit ground immediately after takeoff}}</ref>
*On 30 June 2008, an Ababeel Aviation Il-76 crashed while taking off from [[Khartoum]] on a relief flight, killing the 4 crew members, the only people on board the plane.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=408f9862&opt=1|title = Crash: Ababeel IL76 at Khartoum on June 30th 2008, hit ground immediately after takeoff}}</ref>
*On 2 July 2008, Click Airways Flight 1002, operated using an Ilyushin Il-76TD from [[Bagram Air Base]] to Al-Fujairah-Fujairah International Airport, suffered an Uncontained Engine Failure of its no. 3 engine at FL280. The failed engine parts struck the no. 4 engine resulting in its failure, as well as the fuselage and fuel tanks. The flight crew managed to successfully make an emergency landing at Zahedan, Iran. None of the three crew sustained injuries.<ref>{{ASN accident|title= EK-76400|id= 20080702-1}}</ref>
*On 2 July 2008, Click Airways Flight 1002, operated using an Ilyushin Il-76TD from [[Bagram Air Base]] to Al-Fujairah-Fujairah International Airport, suffered an uncontained engine failure of its no. 3 engine at FL280. The failed engine parts struck the no. 4 engine resulting in its failure, as well as the fuselage and fuel tanks. The flight crew managed to successfully make an emergency landing at Zahedan, Iran. None of the three crew sustained injuries.<ref>{{ASN accident|title= EK-76400|id= 20080702-1}}</ref>
*On 15 January 2009, two [[Russian Ministry of Interior]] Il-76MDs were involved in a [[2009 Makhachkala Il-76 collision|ground collision]] at [[Uytash Airport|Makhachkala Airport]]. One of the aircraft, [[Aircraft registration|registration]] RA-76825, was ready to depart and was positioned at the runway end when the other one, RA-76827, came in to land. The wing of the landing aircraft struck the flight deck of RA-76825 and a fire erupted. There were three fatalities in the departing aircraft, out of seven occupants on board. None of the 31 occupants aboard RA-76827 were hurt. RA-76825 was written off as a consequence of the accident.<ref>{{ASN accident|title= RA-76827|id= 20090115-2}}</ref><ref>{{ASN accident|title= RA-76825|id= 20090115-1}}</ref>
*''[[2009 Makhachkala Il-76 collision]]''. On 15 January 2009, two [[Russian Ministry of Interior]] Il-76MDs [[2009 Makhachkala Il-76 collision|were involved in a ground collision]] at [[Uytash Airport|Makhachkala Airport]]. One of the aircraft, [[Aircraft registration|registration]] RA-76825, was ready to depart and was positioned at the runway end when the other one, RA-76827, came in to land. The wing of the landing aircraft struck the flight deck of RA-76825 and a fire erupted. There were three fatalities in the departing aircraft, out of seven occupants on board. None of the 31 occupants aboard RA-76827 were hurt. RA-76825 was written off as a consequence of the accident.<ref>{{ASN accident|title= RA-76827|id= 20090115-2}}</ref><ref>{{ASN accident|title= RA-76825|id= 20090115-1}}</ref>
* On 9 March 2009, an [[Aerolift]] Il-76 (S9-SAB) crashed into [[Lake Victoria]] just after takeoff from [[Entebbe Airport]], Uganda, killing all 11 people on board. Two of the engines had caught fire on takeoff. The aircraft was chartered by Dynacorp on behalf of [[AMISOM]]. The accident was investigated by Uganda's Ministry of Transport, which concluded that all four engines were time-expired and that Aerolift's claim that maintenance had been performed to extend their service lives and the certification of this work could not be substantiated.<ref name=AH41635291>{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=41635921/0002&opt=0 |title=Crash: Aerolift IL76 at Entebbe on Mar 9th 2009, impacted Lake Victoria after takeoff |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |work=The Aviation Herald |access-date=27 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017121032/http://avherald.com/h?article=41635921%2F0002&opt=0 |archive-date=17 October 2015 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* On 9 March 2009, an [[Aerolift]] Il-76 (S9-SAB) crashed into [[Lake Victoria]] just after takeoff from [[Entebbe Airport]], Uganda, killing all 11 people on board. Two of the engines had caught fire on takeoff. The aircraft was chartered by Dynacorp on behalf of [[AMISOM]]. The accident was investigated by Uganda's Ministry of Transport, which concluded that all four engines were time-expired and that Aerolift's claim that maintenance had been performed to extend their service lives and the certification of this work could not be substantiated.<ref name="AH41635291">{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=41635921/0002&opt=0 |title=Crash: Aerolift IL76 at Entebbe on Mar 9th 2009, impacted Lake Victoria after takeoff |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |work=The Aviation Herald |access-date=27 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017121032/http://avherald.com/h?article=41635921%2F0002&opt=0 |archive-date=17 October 2015 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* On 22 September 2009, [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force]] Il-76MD Adnan 2 "5-8208" ''Simorgh'' [[2009 Iranian Air Force mid-air collision|crashed]] near [[Varamin]] killing all seven people on board.<ref name="ASN220909">{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20090922-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=23 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926025656/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20090922-0 |archive-date=26 September 2009 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The crash was possibly the result of a mid-air collision with a [[Northrop F-5|Northrop F-5E Tiger II]].<ref name="Defense">{{cite web |url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=4289949&c=AIR&s=MID |title=Iranian Military Planes Crashes in Annual Parade |publisher=Defensenews |access-date=23 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5k5dUA3SP?url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=4289949&c=AIR&s=MID |archive-date=27 September 2009}}</ref>
* ''[[2009 Iranian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 accident]]''. On 22 September 2009, [[Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force]] Il-76MD Adnan 2 "5-8208" ''Simorgh'' [[2009 Iranian Air Force mid-air collision|crashed]] near [[Varamin]] killing all seven people on board.<ref name="ASN220909">{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20090922-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=23 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926025656/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20090922-0 |archive-date=26 September 2009 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The crash was possibly the result of a mid-air collision with a [[Northrop F-5|Northrop F-5E Tiger II]].<ref name="Defense">{{cite web |url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=4289949&c=AIR&s=MID |title=Iranian Military Planes Crashes in Annual Parade |publisher=Defensenews |access-date=23 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210114191020/https://www.webcitation.org/5k5dUA3SP?url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php%3Fi=4289949&c=AIR&s=MID |archive-date=14 January 2021}}</ref>
* On 1 November 2009, an Il-76 belonging to the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)|Russian Ministry of the Interior]] [[2009 Yakutia Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] near the city of Mirny within 2 kilometers after taking off. Eleven people on board were confirmed as killed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/Cargo_Plane_Crashes_In_Eastern_Russia_11_Dead/1866269.html|title=Cargo Plane Crashes In Eastern Russia, 11 Dead|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127035302/https://www.rferl.org/a/Cargo_Plane_Crashes_In_Eastern_Russia_11_Dead/1866269.html|archive-date=27 January 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> After landing at Mirny, the crew locked the rudder and ailerons. The next day, the crew began disengaging the locking system (although it remained engaged). The crew checked the aileron controls, but the right aileron locked in the process. The aircraft took off, rolled 90 degrees to the right and crashed.
* ''[[2009 Yakutia Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 1 November 2009, an Il-76 belonging to the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)|Russian Ministry of the Interior]] [[2009 Yakutia Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] near the city of [[Mirny, Sakha Republic|Mirny]] within 2 kilometers after taking off. Eleven people on board were confirmed as killed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/Cargo_Plane_Crashes_In_Eastern_Russia_11_Dead/1866269.html|title=Cargo Plane Crashes In Eastern Russia, 11 Dead|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127035302/https://www.rferl.org/a/Cargo_Plane_Crashes_In_Eastern_Russia_11_Dead/1866269.html|archive-date=27 January 2019 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1 November 2009 |title=Russian military cargo plane crashes on takeoff, killing all 11 crew members on board |work=Daily Press |url=http://www.dailypress.com/news/national/sns-ap-eu-russia-plane-crash,0,1520443.story |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091102224945/http://www.dailypress.com/news/national/sns-ap-eu-russia-plane-crash%2C0%2C1520443.story |archive-date=2 November 2009}}</ref>
* On 28 November 2010 [[Sun Way Flight 4412]], Il-76 4L-GNI, crashed in a populated area of [[Karachi]], Pakistan, shortly after taking off from [[Jinnah International Airport]]. All eight people on board were killed, along with two people on the ground. The aircraft was reported to have been trying to return to Jinnah after suffering an uncontained engine failure and fire.<ref name=AH433ef657>{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=433ef657&opt=0 |title=Crash: Sun Way IL76 at Karachi on Nov 28th 2010, engine fire |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |work=The Aviation Herald |access-date=28 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913115036/http://avherald.com/h?article=433ef657&opt=0 |archive-date=13 September 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 
* On 6 July 2011, [[Silk Way Airlines Flight 995]], an Il-76, tail number 4K-AZ55, crashed into a mountain in Afghanistan, while on final to [[Bagram Air Force Base]]. Eight people on board were initially confirmed as killed, with one unaccounted.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hradecky|first=Simon|title=Crash: Silk Way IL76 near Bagram on Jul 6th 2011, impacted mountain |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=43f45a43&opt=0|work=The Aviation Herald|access-date=6 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180938/http://www.avherald.com/h?article=43f45a43&opt=0|archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Cargo plane crash in Afghanistan|work= [[BBC News]] |date= 6 July 2009 |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14042010|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130412230625/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14042010|archive-date= 2013-04-12 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
=== 2010s ===
* On 30 November 2012, an [[Aéro-Service]]<ref name=AVHerald1Dec2012>{{cite web| url=http://avherald.com/h?article=459df3ac&opt=0| title=Crash: Aero Services IL76 at Brazzaville on Nov 30th 2012, clipped trees then impacted buildings short of runway| date=December 2, 2012| last=Hradecky| first=Simon| work=[[Aviation Herald]]| access-date=December 1, 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923181028/http://www.avherald.com/h?article=459df3ac&opt=0| archive-date=September 23, 2015| url-status=live| df=mdy-all}}</ref> Il-76T (also reported as being operated by [[Trans Air Congo]] in the days after the accident<ref name="av-safe.net acc des">{{cite web|title=2012 Ilyushin 76T Accident |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20121130-0|work=Accident description|publisher=aviation-safety.net|access-date=30 November 2012 |date=30 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204140043/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20121130-0|archive-date=4 December 2012 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>) [[2012 Aéro-Service Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed 850 meters short of runway 5L]] of the Congo's [[Maya-Maya Airport]] in [[Brazzaville]] while landing during a violent storm, killing 32, including the 5 aircrew, another person on board and 26 people on the ground.<ref name="heraldsun 30Nov12">{{cite news |title=Plane crashes houses in Congo killing 30 |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/breaking-news/plane-crashes-houses-in-congo-killing-30/story-e6frf7k6-1226527884699 |access-date=30 November 2012 |newspaper=heraldsun.com.au |date=30 November 2012 |agency=[[Australian Associated Press]] (AAP)}}</ref>
* ''[[Sun Way Flight 4412]]''. On 28 November 2010, Il-76 4L-GNI crashed in a populated area of [[Karachi]], Pakistan, shortly after taking off from [[Jinnah International Airport]]. All eight people on board were killed, along with two people on the ground. The aircraft was reported to have been trying to return to Jinnah after suffering an uncontained engine failure and fire.<ref name="AH433ef657">{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=433ef657&opt=0 |title=Crash: Sun Way IL76 at Karachi on Nov 28th 2010, engine fire |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |work=The Aviation Herald |access-date=28 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913115036/http://avherald.com/h?article=433ef657&opt=0 |archive-date=13 September 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* On 1 July 2016, a Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) Il-76TD (RA-76840) [[2016 Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations Il-76 crash|struck a hillside]] near Rybnyi Uyan while fighting wildfires near Irkutsk, killing all ten on board.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=20160701-0|title=RA-76840}}</ref>
* ''[[Silk Way Airlines Flight 995]]''. On 6 July 2011, an Il-76, tail number 4K-AZ55, crashed into a mountain in Afghanistan, while on final to [[Bagram Air Force Base]]. Eight people on board were initially confirmed as killed, with one unaccounted.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hradecky|first=Simon|title=Crash: Silk Way IL76 near Bagram on Jul 6th 2011, impacted mountain |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=43f45a43&opt=0|work=The Aviation Herald|access-date=6 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180938/http://www.avherald.com/h?article=43f45a43&opt=0|archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Cargo plane crash in Afghanistan|work= [[BBC News]] |date= 6 July 2011|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14042010|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130412230625/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-14042010|archive-date= 2013-04-12 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
*On 11 April 2018, [[Algerian Air Force]] Ilyushin Il-76 ''7T-WIV'' [[2018 Algerian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] shortly after take-off from [[Boufarik Airport]], [[Boufarik]], [[Algeria]]. All 257 people on board were killed, making the accident the deadliest air crash on Algerian soil.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/11/world/middleeast/algeria-military-plane-crash.html|title=Military Plane Crashes in Algeria, Killing at Least 257|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 April 2018 |access-date=11 April 2018|last1=Walsh |first1=Declan }}</ref>  
* ''[[2012 Aéro-Service Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 30 November 2012, an [[Aéro-Service]]<ref name="AVHerald1Dec2012">{{cite web| url=http://avherald.com/h?article=459df3ac&opt=0| title=Crash: Aero Services IL76 at Brazzaville on Nov 30th 2012, clipped trees then impacted buildings short of runway| date=December 2, 2012| last=Hradecky| first=Simon| work=[[Aviation Herald]]| access-date=December 1, 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923181028/http://www.avherald.com/h?article=459df3ac&opt=0| archive-date=September 23, 2015| url-status=live| df=mdy-all}}</ref> Il-76T (also reported as being operated by [[Trans Air Congo]] in the days after the accident<ref name="av-safe.net acc des">{{cite web|title=2012 Ilyushin 76T Accident |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20121130-0|work=Accident description|publisher=aviation-safety.net|access-date=30 November 2012 |date=30 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204140043/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20121130-0|archive-date=4 December 2012 |url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>) [[2012 Aéro-Service Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed 850 meters short of runway 5L]] of the Congo's [[Maya-Maya Airport]] in [[Brazzaville]] while landing during a violent storm, killing 32, including the 5 aircrew, another person on board and 26 people on the ground.<ref name="heraldsun 30Nov12">{{cite news |title=Plane crashes houses in Congo killing 30 |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/breaking-news/plane-crashes-houses-in-congo-killing-30/story-e6frf7k6-1226527884699 |access-date=30 November 2012 |newspaper=heraldsun.com.au |date=30 November 2012 |agency=[[Australian Associated Press]] (AAP)}}</ref>
* On 24 June 2022, [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] Il-76MD ''RF-78778'' [[2022 Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] and caught fire whilst landing near the city of [[Ryazan]] following an engine fire, killing five of nine on board.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian military cargo plane crashes, killing 5 crewmembers |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/russian-military-cargo-plane-crashes-killing-85628664 |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-06-24 |title=Russian military cargo plane crashes, killing four - reports |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/cargo-plane-crash-lands-near-russias-ryazan-seven-injured-ifax-2022-06-24/ |access-date=2022-06-24}}</ref>
* ''[[2014 Ukrainian Air Force Il-76 shootdown]]''. On 14 June 2014 an Ilyushin Il-76 transport aircraft of the [[25th Transport Aviation Brigade]] of the Ukrainian Air Force was shot down on approach to land at [[Luhansk International Airport]], Ukraine.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian military plane with at least 49 aboard shot down |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/13/world/europe/ukraine-crisis/ |newspaper=CNN |date= 14 June 2014 |access-date= 14 June 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140617010111/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/13/world/europe/ukraine-crisis |archive-date=17 June 2014 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27845313 |title=Ukraine crisis: Military plane shot down in Luhansk |date= 14 June 2014 |work=[[BBC Online]] |access-date= 14 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140614064304/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27845313 |archive-date=14 June 2014 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all}}</ref><ref>[http://news.xin.msn.com/en/world/49-killed-when-ukraine-military-plane-downed-defence-spokesman-1 "49 killed when Ukraine military plane downed: defence spokesman"] {{Webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140714201119/http://news.xin.msn.com/en/world/49-killed-when-ukraine-military-plane-downed-defence-spokesman-1 |date= 14 JUly 2014}}. xin.msn.com</ref>
* On 30 August 2023, at least two Il-76 were destroyed, with two additionally damaged in a drone attack on [[Pskov Airport]], Russia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-30 |title=Ukrainian drones attack Russian airport in large-scale raid on six regions |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/8/30/airport-in-western-russia-attacked-by-drones-aircraft-damaged-reports |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[2016 Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations Il-76 crash]]''. On 1 July 2016, a Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) Il-76TD (RA-76840) [[2016 Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations Il-76 crash|struck a hillside]] near Rybnyi Uyan while fighting wildfires near Irkutsk, killing all ten on board.<ref>{{ASN accident|id=20160701-0|title=RA-76840}}</ref>
*''[[2018 Algerian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash]].'' On 11 April 2018, [[Algerian Air Force]] Ilyushin Il-76 ''7T-WIV'' [[2018 Algerian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] shortly after take-off from [[Boufarik Airport]], [[Boufarik]], [[Algeria]]. All 257 people on board were killed, making the accident the deadliest air crash on Algerian soil.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/11/world/middleeast/algeria-military-plane-crash.html|title=Military Plane Crashes in Algeria, Killing at Least 257|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 April 2018 |access-date=11 April 2018|last1=Walsh |first1=Declan}}</ref>
 
=== 2020s ===
* 25 February 2022, during the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]], the Ukrainian State Special Communications Agency and US officials claimed that Russian Il-76s were shot down over [[Bila Tserkva]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-business-europe-united-nations-kyiv-6ccba0905f1871992b93712d3585f548 |work=AP News |title=Live updates: Zelenskyy declines US offer to evacuate Kyiv |agency= Associated Press |date= 25 February 2022}}</ref> As of September 2022, no wreckage of the planes has been found.<ref name="2022RUWAir">{{cite web |url= https://www.businessinsider.com/whats-known-about-russian-and-ukraine-losses-in-aerial-combat-2022-9 |title= An unexpected air-to-air battle is raging over Ukraine. Here's what we know about the losses on both sides. |work= Insider |date= 5 September 2022}}</ref>
* 4 April 2022, photographs of two destroyed Il-76s from the Ukrainian [[25th Transport Aviation Brigade]] were displayed; these cargo planes were destroyed on the ground by Russian forces at Melitopol Airport.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://airlive.net/military/2022/04/07/two-il-76md-strategic-airlifter-were-destroyed-from-russian-strikes-at-melitopol-air-base-ukraine/ |title= Two IL-76MD strategic airlifter were destroyed from Russian strikes at Melitopol Air Base, Ukraine |work= AirLive |date= 7 April 2022 |access-date= 19 April 2022}}</ref>
* ''[[2022 Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 24 June 2022, [[Russian Aerospace Forces]] Il-76MD ''RF-78778'' [[2022 Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] and caught fire while landing near the city of [[Ryazan]] following an engine fire, killing five of nine on board.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian military cargo plane crashes, killing 5 crewmembers |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/russian-military-cargo-plane-crashes-killing-85628664 |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-06-24 |title=Russian military cargo plane crashes, killing four - reports |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/cargo-plane-crash-lands-near-russias-ryazan-seven-injured-ifax-2022-06-24/ |access-date=2022-06-24}}</ref>
* 30 August 2023, four Il-76s were reportedly destroyed by Ukrainian kamikaze [[drone strike]]s at [[Pskov Airport]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date= 29 August 2023 |title= Ukraine war: 'Drone attack' on airport damages Russian transport planes |language= en-GB |work= BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66654125 |access-date= 30 August 2023}}</ref>
* ''[[2023 Gao Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 23 September 2023, an Il-76 operated by the Malian Armed Forces [[2023 Mali Ilyushin Il-76 crash|crashed]] upon landing at Gao Airport, [[Mali]]. According to the French newspaper [[Le Monde]], Malian officials confirmed the aircraft's being owned by the [[Malian Armed Forces|Army]] and having [[Wagner Group]] members on board.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 28, 2023 |title=Au Mali, la junte évoque de manière détournée le crash d'un avion militaire |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2023/09/28/au-mali-la-junte-evoque-de-maniere-detournee-le-crash-d-un-avion-militaire_6191388_3212.html |website=Le Monde}}</ref> The aircraft overshot more than half of the available runway before touching down. For reasons unknown the crew failed to execute a go-around in due time which led to the aircraft rolling down the embankment at the end of the runway. The aircraft exploded killing all personnel on board.<ref>{{Cite news |date=September 27, 2023 |title=Mali: la junte évoque de manière détournée le crash d'un avion militaire |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/mali-la-video-du-crash-de-l-avion-qui-transportait-des-mercenaires-de-wagner-20230927}}</ref>
* On the night of 19–20 October 2023, a Il-76MD military transport plane caught fire during take-off from a military airfield in [[Dushanbe]], the capital of Tajikistan. A wheel exploded on the plane during acceleration, causing a fire to break out. The plane rolled out of the runway and burned down completely. It is known that there were eight people on board. The crew was not injured.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-20 |title=Russian Il-76MD plane burst into flames during take-off in Dushanbe |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/10/20/7425061/}}</ref>
* ''[[2024 Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 24 January 2024, a [[2024 Korochansky Il-76 crash|Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crashed]] in the [[Korochansky District]] in the [[Belgorod Oblast]] of Russia. The Russian Ministry of Defense stated it was carrying 65 [[Armed Forces of Ukraine|Ukrainian Armed Forces]] [[Prisoner of war|POW]], with 6 crew members and 3 security forces at the time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-24 |title= Russian jet crashes carrying Ukrainian PoWs - Moscow |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68080529 |access-date=2024-01-24 |language=en-GB}}</ref> This was refuted by Ukrainian sources citing flight direction, photos of the crash site and other classified information leaked from Russia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-25 |title= EXPLAINED: Russia's Downed IL-76 Plane, Everything We Know So Far |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/post/27158 |access-date=2024-01-25 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-25 |title=Why Did The Russian Il-76 Crash? What We Know, and Don't Know, About A Major Aviation Disaster |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-ii-76-crash-explainer-ukraine-pows/32791736.html |access-date=2024-01-25 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=23 January 2024 |title=Russian IL-76 shot down |url=https://defence-blog.com/russian-il-76-plane-crashes-near-ukrainian-border/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date= 24 January 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-68080529 |title=Russian jet crashes carrying Ukrainian PoWs - Moscow |website= BBC News |first1= Laura |last1= Gozzi |first2= Paul |last2= Kirby}}</ref>
*''[[2024 Ivanovo Ilyushin Il-76 crash]]''. On 12 March 2024, an Il-76 [[2024 Ivanovo Il-76 crash|crashed]] in [[Ivanovo Oblast|Ivanovo oblast]]. According to [[RIA Novosti]], the engine caught on fire after the take-off from the [[Ivanovo Severny (air base)|Ivanovo]] air base, and the aircraft crashed when attempting an emergency landing back at the air base. There were eight crew members and seven passengers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=RIA Novosti |date=12 March 2024 |title=RIA Novosti via @GirkingGirkin account |url=https://twitter.com/GirkinGirkin/status/1767502015595475137}}</ref> All eight crew and seven passengers were killed in the crash.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2024/03/12/7446074/ | title=У Росії біля військового аеродрому впав літак Іл-76, на борту було 15 людей }}</ref>
*''[[2024 New Way Cargo Airlines Ilyushin Il-76 shootdown]]''. On 21 October 2024, an Il-76 was shot down over [[Sudan]] killing all five crew members onboard.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accident Ilyushin Il-76T EX-76011, Monday 21 October 2024 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/455080 |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=asn.flightsafety.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1= Marcin |last1= Strembski |url= https://www.onet.pl/informacje/nowa-technika-wojskowa/zestrzelenie-iljuszyna-il-76-przez-rsf-w-darfurze/2g02lb7,30bc1058 |title= Zestrzelenie Iljuszyna Ił-76 przez RSF w Darfurze |language= pl |trans-title= Shooting Down of Ilyushin Il-76 by RSF in Darfur |work= [[Onet.pl]] |access-date= 21 October 2024 }}</ref>
* On 6 May 2025, a Yemen Air Force Il-76TD was destroyed by an Israeli missile strike.
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==Aircraft on display==
==Aircraft on display==
* CCCP-76511 (c/n 083414444) preserved in the [[Ukraine State Aviation Museum]], Kyiv. The aircraft was originally painted as UR-UCI of Ukrainian Cargo Airways to commemorate the real aircraft that crashed in 1998, but was returned to its original Aeroflot livery as CCCP-76511 in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airhistory.net/photo/180555/UR-UCI|title=Aircraft Photo of UR-UCI {{!}} Ilyushin Il-76 {{!}} Ukrainian Cargo Airways |website=airhistory.net|access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref>
* CCCP-76511 (c/n 083414444) preserved in the [[Ukraine State Aviation Museum]], Kyiv. The aircraft was originally painted as UR-UCI of Ukrainian Cargo Airways to commemorate the real aircraft that crashed in 1998, but was returned to its original Aeroflot livery as CCCP-76511 in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airhistory.net/photo/180555/UR-UCI|title=Aircraft Photo of UR-UCI {{!}} Ilyushin Il-76 {{!}} Ukrainian Cargo Airways |website=airhistory.net|access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref>
* An [[Umm Al Quwain Ilyushin Il-76|Ilyushin Il-76 in Umm Al Quwain]], the United Arab Emirates sat abandoned by the side of a highway from 2000 to 2022, acting as an adveritising billboard for a local beach resort. It later became a tourist destination.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-27 |title=UAE dismantles plane of gunrunner Russia wants for Americans |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-moscow-viktor-bout-04ab52475de92344078a30e317ea4d7f |access-date=2025-06-14 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> It was then scrapped in May 2022.<ref>https://www.khaleejtimes.com/lifestyle/after-two-decades-uaqs-mystery-plane-is-finally-headed-for-the-scrap-heap-of-aviation-history</ref>


==Specifications (Il-76TD)==
==Specifications (Il-76MD-90AE)==
[[File:Ilyushin Il-76.svg|right|300px]]
[[File:Ilyushin Il-76.svg|right|300px]]


{{Aircraft specs
{{Aircraft specs
|ref= ''Ilyushin'',<ref>[http://www.ilyushin.org/eng/products/cargo/76td90.html "IL-76TD-90."] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091103142428/http://www.ilyushin.org/eng/products/cargo/76td90.html |date=2009-11-03}} ''Ilyushin''.</ref> ''Aviadvigatel'',<ref>[http://www.avid.ru/eng/products/civil/PS-90A-76/ "PS-90A-76 Aircraft Engine."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401094231/http://www.avid.ru/eng/products/civil/PS-90A-76/ |date=2012-04-01}} ''Aviadvigate''.</ref> ''Volga-Dnepr Airlines''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.volga-dnepr.com/files/2011/il-76e_final.pdf|title= IL-76TD-90VD|publisher= Volga-Dnepr Airlines|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130819055159/http://www.volga-dnepr.com/files/2011/il-76e_final.pdf|archive-date= 2013-08-19 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
| ref = [https://uacrussia.ru/en/aircraft/lineup/transport/IL-76MD-90A/#aircraft-specific UAC],[https://roe.ru/en/production/aerospace-forces/aircraft/military-transport-and-special-purpose-aircraft/il-76/ Rosoboronexport], ''Ilyushin'',<ref>[http://www.ilyushin.org/eng/products/cargo/76td90.html "IL-76TD-90."] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091103142428/http://www.ilyushin.org/eng/products/cargo/76td90.html |date=2009-11-03}} ''Ilyushin''.</ref> ''Aviadvigatel'',<ref>[http://www.avid.ru/eng/products/civil/PS-90A-76/ "PS-90A-76 Aircraft Engine."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401094231/http://www.avid.ru/eng/products/civil/PS-90A-76/ |date=2012-04-01}} ''Aviadvigate''.</ref> ''Volga-Dnepr Airlines''.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.volga-dnepr.com/files/2011/il-76e_final.pdf|title= IL-76TD-90VD|publisher= Volga-Dnepr Airlines|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130819055159/http://www.volga-dnepr.com/files/2011/il-76e_final.pdf|archive-date= 2013-08-19 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
|prime units?=met
| prime units? = met<!-- General characteristics-->
<!--   General characteristics
| crew = 5
-->
| capacity = '''Il-76M''' {{cvt|42000|kg}}; '''Il-76MD''' {{cvt|48000|kg}}; '''Il-76MD-90A''' {{cvt|60000|kg}}
|crew=5
| length m = 46.6
|capacity= '''Il-76M''' {{cvt|42000|kg|0}}; '''Il-76MD''' {{cvt|48000|kg|0}}; '''Il-76MD-90A''' {{cvt|60000|kg|0}}
| length note =  
|length m=46.59
| span m = 50.5
|length note=
| span note =  
|span m=50.5
| height m = 14.42
|span note=
| height note =  
|height m=14.76
| wing area sqm = 300
|height note=
| wing area note =  
|wing area sqm=300
| swept area sqm = <!-- swing-wings -->
|wing area note=
| swept area note =  
|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->
| volume m3 = <!-- lighter-than-air -->
|swept area note=
| volume note =  
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
| aspect ratio = <!-- sailplanes -->
|volume note=
| airfoil = <!--'''root:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA]]; '''tip:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>-->
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
| empty weight kg = 92500
|airfoil=<!--'''root:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA]]; '''tip:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>-->
| empty weight note = Il-76TD-90
|empty weight kg=92500
| gross weight kg =  
|empty weight note=Il-76TD-90
| gross weight note =  
 
| max takeoff weight kg = 210000
|gross weight kg=
| max takeoff weight note = Il-76MD-90A
|gross weight note=
| fuel capacity =  
|max takeoff weight kg=190000
| more general = <!-- Powerplant
|max takeoff weight note=Il-76MD/TD
 
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
<!--   Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=4
|eng1 name=[[Soloviev D-30KP]]
|eng1 type=[[turbofan]]s
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=117.7
|eng1 note=<ref>Elodie Roux: ''Turbofan and Turbojet Engines: Database Handbook'', Blagnac France, 2007, {{ISBN|9782952938013}}, p. 155</ref>
<!--  Performance
-->
-->
|max speed kmh=900
| eng1 number = 4
|max speed note=
| eng1 name = [[Aviadvigatel PS-90]]A-76
|max speed mach=0.82
| eng1 type = [[turbofan]]s
|cruise speed kmh=
| eng1 kw = <!-- prop engines -->
|cruise speed note=
| eng1 hp = <!-- prop engines -->
|stall speed kmh=
| eng1 shp = <!-- prop engines -->
|stall speed note=
| eng1 kn = 156.9
|never exceed speed kmh=
| eng1 note =
|never exceed speed note=
| cruise speed kmh = 750-800
|minimum control speed kmh=
| cruise speed note =  
|minimum control speed note=
| stall speed kmh =  
|range km=4400
| stall speed note =  
|range note=Il-76MD/TD with {{cvt|52000|kg|0}} payload.
| never exceed speed kmh =  
 
| never exceed speed note =  
|combat range km=
| minimum control speed kmh =  
|combat range note=
| minimum control speed note =  
|ferry range km= 9300
| range km = 5000
|ferry range note= Il-76MD-90A with no payload.
| range note = Il-76MD-90A with {{cvt|52|t}} payload.
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
| combat range km =  
|ceiling m=13000
| combat range note =  
|ceiling note=
| ferry range km = 9700
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
| ferry range note = Il-76MD-90A with no payload.
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
| endurance = <!-- if range unknown -->
|climb rate ms=
| ceiling m = 12200
|climb rate note=
| ceiling note =  
|time to altitude=
| g limits = <!-- aerobatic -->
|wing loading kg/m2=
| roll rate = <!-- aerobatic -->
|wing loading note=
| climb rate ms =  
|fuel consumption kg/km=
| climb rate note =  
|power/mass=
| time to altitude =  
|thrust/weight= 0.252
| wing loading kg/m2 =  
 
| wing loading note =  
|more performance=
| fuel consumption kg/km =  
* '''Minimum landing run''': {{cvt|450|m|0}} with thrust reversers
| power/mass =  
<!--Armament-->
| thrust/weight = 0.32
|guns=2× 23 mm [[autocannon|cannon]] in radar-directed manned turret at base of tail
| thrust/weight note = at {{cvt|200|t}} take-off weight and max. take-off thrust
|bombs=Some military models have 2 [[hardpoint]]s under each outer wing capable of supporting 500 kg bombs.
| more performance = * '''Minimum landing run''': {{cvt|450|m}} with thrust reversers
|avionics=
<!--Armament-->| guns = 2 × {{cvt|23|mm|in|3}} [[autocannon|cannon]] in radar-directed manned turret at base of tail
| bombs = Some military models have four [[hardpoint]]s under each outer wing capable of supporting {{cvt|500|kg|lb}} bombs.
| avionics =  
}}
}}


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Soviet Union|Aviation}}
{{Portal|Soviet Union|Aviation}}
{{Aircontent
{{Aircontent
|see also=
|see also=
Line 512: Line 522:
|similar aircraft=
|similar aircraft=
* [[Lockheed C-141 Starlifter]]
* [[Lockheed C-141 Starlifter]]
* [[Xian Y-20]]
* [[Xi'an Y-20]]
* [[Boeing C-17 Globemaster III]]
* [[Boeing C-17 Globemaster III]]
|lists=
|lists=
Line 524: Line 534:


===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===
* {{cite book |last1=Altobchi |first1=Ali |last2=Cooper |first2=Tom |last3=Fontanellaz |first3=Adrien |title=Al-Hussein: Iraqi indigenous conventional arms projects, 1980-2003 |date=2022 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |location=Warwick, UK |isbn=978-1-914377-18-1}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last1=Altobchi |first1=Ali |last2=Cooper |first2=Tom |last3=Fontanellaz |first3=Adrien |title=Al-Hussein: Iraqi indigenous conventional arms projects, 1980–2003 |date=2022 |publisher=Helion & Company Publishing |location=Warwick, UK |isbn=978-1-914377-18-1}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |last2=Weinert |first2=Peter |last3=Hinz |first3=Fabian |last4=Lepko |first4=Mark |title=African MiGs, Volume 2: Madagascar to Zimbabwe |date=2011 |publisher=Harpia Publishing |location=Houston |isbn=978-0-9825539-8-5}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Tom |last2=Weinert |first2=Peter |last3=Hinz |first3=Fabian |last4=Lepko |first4=Mark |title=African MiGs, Volume 2: Madagascar to Zimbabwe |date=2011 |publisher=Harpia Publishing |location=Houston |isbn=978-0-9825539-8-5}}
* {{Cite book|editor-last=Eden|editor-first=Paul|title=The Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft|location=London, UK|publisher=Amber Books, 2004|isbn=1-904687-84-9|ref={{harvid|Eden|2004}}}}
* {{Cite book|editor-last=Eden|editor-first=Paul|title=The Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft|date=July 2006 |location=London, UK|publisher=Amber Books, 2004|isbn=1-904687-84-9|ref={{harvid|Eden|2004}}}}
* {{cite news |last=Hoyle |first=Craig |title=World Air Forces 2022 |work=Flight International |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=83735 |year=2021 |access-date=12 December 2021|ref={{harvid|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021}}}}
* {{cite news |last=Hoyle |first=Craig |title=World Air Forces 2022 |work=Flight International |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=83735 |year=2021 |access-date=12 December 2021|ref={{harvid|Hoyle ''Flight International'' 2021}}}}
*{{cite journal |last1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=Chapter Four: Russia and Eurasia |journal=The Military Balance |date=12 February 2024 |volume=124 |issue=1 |pages=158–217 |doi=10.1080/04597222.2024.2298592 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/04597222.2024.2298592 |access-date=22 January 2025 |issn=0459-7222 |ref={{sfnref|IISS|2024}}|url-access=subscription |author1-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies }}
*{{cite book |editor-last1=Jackson |editor-first1=Paul |editor-last2=Munson |editor-first2=Kenneth |editor-last3=Taylor |editor-first3=Dr. John W R |title=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1995-96 |date=1995 |edition=86th |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Surrey |isbn=978-0-7106-1262-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/janes-all-the-worlds-aircraft-1995-96 |access-date=19 January 2025}}
{{refend}}
== Further reading ==
* Komissarov D.-Y. Gordon, ''Ilyushin 76'', Midland Publishing (Ian Allan),  Hinckley,


==External links==
==External links==
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{{Ilyushin aircraft}}
{{Ilyushin aircraft}}
{{NATO transport reporting names}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:High-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:High-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1971]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1971]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]

Latest revision as of 19:26, 24 March 2026


"Il-76" redirects here. For the road, see Illinois Route 76.

Template:Infobox aircraft

The Ilyushin Il-76 (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; NATO reporting name: Candid) is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engine turbofan strategic airlifter designed by the Soviet Union's Ilyushin design bureau as a commercial freighter in 1967, to replace the Antonov An-12. It was developed to deliver heavy machinery to remote and poorly served areas. Military versions of the Il-76 have been widely used in Europe, Asia and Africa, including use as an aerial refueling tanker and command center.

The Il-76 has seen extensive service as a commercial freighter for ramp-delivered cargo, especially for outsized or heavy items that cannot be carried by other means. It has also been used as an emergency response transport for civilian evacuations as well as for humanitarian aid and disaster relief around the world. Thanks to its ability to operate from unpaved runways, it has been useful in undeveloped areas. Specialized models have also been produced for aerial firefighting and reduced-gravity training.

Design and development[edit | edit source]

The Il-76 is a high-wing freighter with four turbofans and a T-tail

Origins[edit | edit source]

The aircraft was conceived by Ilyushin in 1967 to meet a requirement for a freighter able to carry a payload of 40 tonnes (88,000 lb) over a range of 5,000 kilometres (2,700 nmi; 3,100 mi) in less than six hours, able to operate from short (500 metres or less for a commercial airliner) and unprepared airstrips, and capable of coping with the worst weather conditions likely to be experienced in Siberia and the Soviet Union's Arctic regions. It was intended to replace the Antonov An-12. Another project design for a double-decked 250-passenger airliner was canceled. The Il-76 first flew in March 1971 (1971-03).[1]

Production of Il-76s was allocated to the Tashkent Aviation Production Association in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, then a republic of the Soviet Union. Some 860 of the basic transport variants were manufactured.[2] In the 1990s, modernized variants also equipped with Soloviev D-30 turbofan engines[3] were developed (MF, TF), with a cargo compartment 20 m (66 ft) long by 3.4 m (11 ft) wide by 3.4 m (11 ft) tall; these larger variants were not produced in significant quantity due to the financial difficulties being experienced by the Russian Air Force, which was the primary operator of the type.[citation needed]

Further development[edit | edit source]

From 2004 onwards, a number of aircraft in commercial service were modernized to the Il-76TD-90VD version; this involved the adoption of the newly developed PS-90 engine to comply with European noise limitations.[4] In 2005, the People's Republic of China placed an order for 34 new Il-76MDs and four Il-78 tankers.[citation needed] In June 2013, Russian military export agency Rosoboronexport announced an order by China for 12 Il-76MD aircraft.[5]

Landing gear of an Ilyushin Il-76
File:Il-76 transport aircraft landing at the Brest airport.jpg
Landing of the Il-76 transport aircraft at the Brest airport

The Il-76 has also been modified into an airborne refueling tanker, designated the Il-78, around 50 aircraft having been produced.[2] A variant of the Il-76 also serves as a firefighting waterbomber. Its airframe was used as a base for the Beriev A-50 'Mainstay' AEW&C (airborne early warning and control) aircraft; around 25 aircraft were made.[2] Another application for the type was found in Antarctic support flights and for conducting simulated weightlessness training for cosmonauts (akin to the "Vomit Comet" used by NASA).[6] Beriev and NPO Almaz also developed an airborne laser flying laboratory designated A-60, of which two were built, much of this project's details remaining classified.[7]

Il-76MD-90A[edit | edit source]

It was announced in 2010 that the production of a modernized Il-76, the Il-76MD-90A (also known as project Il-476 during the design stage), would begin; a proposed new production line would be located in Aviastar's facility in Ulyanovsk, Russia, and be operated in cooperation with the Tashkent works.[2] At that point, the construction of two Il-76MD-90A prototypes had begun at the Ulyanovsk facility.[8] The first Il-76MD-90A was rolled out at Aviastar's Ulyanovsk plant on 16 June 2014.[9] On 29 April 2015, it was reported that the Russian Aerospace Forces received the first Il-76MD-90A built at the Ulyanovsk plant "Aviastar-SP" from the 2012 contract for 39 aircraft.[10] The Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD) received its first serial production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A airlifter on 2 April 2019.[11] As of late 2025, 27 aircraft are ordered to be delivered in the period up to 2028 and 27+ had been built, six in 2023, six in 2024, and seven in 2025.[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] In 2025, the production rate of the Il-76 reached 7 aircraft per year.[24] There are plans to expand production at the plant in Ulyanovsk and in 2027 it is expected to assemble 12 aircraft, and later - up to 18 per year.[25]

Operational history[edit | edit source]

The first aircraft was delivered to the Soviet Air Force in June 1974[4] and subsequently became the main Soviet strategic transport aircraft. From 1976, it was operated by Aeroflot.

Video of Il-76MD landing on an unpaved runway

Between 1979 and 1991, Soviet Air Force Il-76s made 14,700 flights into Afghanistan, transporting 786,200 servicemen and 315,800 tons of freight. The Il-76 carried 89% of Soviet troops and 74% of the freight that was airlifted. As Afghan rebels were unable to shoot down high-flying Il-76s, their tactics were to try and damage it on takeoff or landing. Il-76s were often hit by shoulder-launched Stinger and Strela heat-seeking missiles and large-calibre machine gun fire, but because the strong airframes were able to take substantial damage and remain operational, the aircraft had a remarkably low attrition rate during this period of conflict. Building on that earlier experience, during 2006 the bulk of the Canadian Forces equipment airlifted into Afghanistan was flown in using rented civilian Il-76s.[26] In 2006, the Russian Air Force had about 200 Il-76s. Civilian users in Russia have 108.[2]

USAF and IAF airmen work inside the cockpit of an Indian Il-76

In 2004, a Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) Il-76 carried out a flight mission in Afghanistan, and later in 2011, PLAAF Il-76s were sent to Libya to evacuate Chinese citizens. The two missions were the reported first steps of PLAAF developing long-range transportation capability.[27]

Syrian Air Force Il-76s, operating as civil Syrianair aircraft, have been reportedly used to ship weapons, money, and other cargo from Russia and Iran to Syria, according to a defected Syrian military pilot. Since the start of the war, in April 2011 (and up to July 2012), around 20 military flights have been conducted to and from Tehran, via Iraqi airspace. Further information exposes that since around 2012, Syrian Il-76s have regularly flown to Moscow's Vnukovo Airport to fetch shipments of Syrian banknotes that have been useful to Bashar al-Assad's government to survive international sanctions.[28][29][30]

On 30 January 2017, an Il-76 firebomber of the Russian EMERCOM agency was deployed to Chile to assist firefighters. The assignment took 39 days.[31]

All Il-76 transport aircraft in service with the RF Aerospace Forces were to receive anti-missile systems, and aircraft reconfiguration started in spring 2019.[32]

Variants[edit | edit source]

Prototypes and developmental variants[edit | edit source]

Il-76TD-90, Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines have larger diameter.
Il-76TD-90/Il-76MD-90
Engine upgrades to Perm PS-90s.
Il-76 firebomber
Firefighting aircraft to drop exploding capsules filled with fire retardant.
Il-76PSD
SAR version of Il-76MF
Il-96
Early development of convertible passenger/cargo aircraft, (project only, designation re-used later)
Il-150
Proposed Beriev A-50 with Perm PS-90 engines.
Beriev A-60
Airborne laser weapon testbed (Il-76 version 1A)

Special purpose/research variants[edit | edit source]

Il-76LL with PD-14 engine prototype under testing, 2015
Il-76TD glass nose which serves as the flight navigator's station.
Il-76LL SKIP testbed, 1999 flying with Aeroflot markings
GCTC Il-76MDK in 2025
IAF IL-76 unloading an APC in Ladakh
Il-76LL
With reinforced wing (at least 3 aircraft) to be used as test-bed airplane for engine prototypes flight testing in Gromov Flight Research Institute.
Izdeliye-176
Prototype Il-76PP.
Izdeliye-576
Izdeliye-676
Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
Izdeliye-776
Telemetry and communications relay aircraft, for use during trial programmes (prototype).
Izdeliye-976 ("SKIP", Il-976, or Il-76SK)[33] – (СКИП – Самолетный Контрольно-Измерительный Пункт, Airborne Check-Measure-and-Control Center)
Il-76/A-50 based range control and missile tracking platform. Initially built to support Raduga Kh-55 cruise missile tests.
Izdeliye-1076
Special mission aircraft for unknown duties.
Izdeliye-1176
ELINT electronic intelligence aircraft, or Il-76-11
Il-76-Tu160 tailplane transporter
One-off temporary conversion to support Tu-160 emergency modification programme.
Il-76K/Il-76MDK/Il-76MDK-II
Reduced-gravity aircraft for cosmonaut training used by Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
Il-76LL
Engine testbed (ooniversahl'naya letayuschchaya laboratoriya).
Il-76PP
ECM aircraft, major problems with ECM equipment on the Izdeliye-176 only.
Il-84
Maritime search and rescue aircraft (alternative designation – Il-76PS – poiskovo-spasahtel'nyy), not produced.

Military variants[edit | edit source]

Il-76MD-90A of the Russian Aerospace Forces
Il-76MD GSh-23 tail guns
Il-76MD cargo cabin
An Il-76VKP/-82 flying under the Aeroflot brand name
Il-76D
('D' for "Desantnyi", Десантный – "paratrooper transport") has a gun turret in the tail for defensive purposes.
Il-76M
Military transport version, (modifitseerovannyy – modified).
Il-76MD
Improved military transport version, (modifitseerovannyy Dahl'ny – modified, long-range).
Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT
Mobile Hospital
Il-76M/Il-76MD
Built without military equipment but designated as Ms and MDs (Gordon – 'Falsies')
Il-76MD-90
An Il-76MD with quieter and more economical Aviadvigatel PS-90 high-bypass turbofan engines.
Il-76MF
Stretched military version with a 6.6 m (22 ft) longer fuselage, PS-90A-76 engines, maximum takeoff weight of 210 t (460,000 lb) and a lift capability of 60 t (130,000 lb). First flew in 1995. Two built and delivered to the Royal Jordanian Air Force,[4] later sold to the Egyptian Air Force.
Il-76MD-M
Modernized Il-76MD for the Russian Aerospace Forces.[34][35][36]
Il-76MD-90A
An upgraded version with a new glass cockpit, upgraded avionics, new one-piece carbon-fibre wing, and Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 engines. It was also known as Il-476 while in development.[9][37] Designated as Il-76-MD-90AE for the export market.[38]
Il-76T/Il-76TD
Built as military aircraft but given civilian designations. (Gordon – 'Falsie')
Ilyushin Il-78/Il-78M/Il-78MD-90A
Aerial refueling tanker.
Il-78 MKI
A customized version of the Il-78 developed for the Indian Air Force.
Il-82
Airborne Command Post/communications relay aircraft, (alternative designation – Il-76VKP – 'version65S').
Beriev A-50/Beriev A-50M/Beriev A-50I/Beriev A-50E
Airborne Early Warning & Control aircraft. Beriev given control over the program.
Beriev A-100
An AEW&C version of the Il-76MD-90A. Currently in development, with at least two prototypes built.

Civil variants[edit | edit source]

A commercial variant of the Ilyushin Il-76, loading cargo at Ali Air Base, Iraq
An Il-76TD belonging to the IRGC, used as a firefighting aircraft
A Volga-Dnepr Airlines Il-76TD-90VD flying commercial operations
Il-76MGA
Initial commercial freighter (two prototypes and 12 production) equipped with Soloviev D-30 turbofan engines.[39]
Il-76MD to Il-76TD conversions
Complete removal of military equipment, identified by crude cover over OBIGGS inlet in Starboard Sponson.
Il-76P/Il-76TP/Il-76TDP/Il-76MDP
firefighting aircraft. The Il-76 waterbomber is a VAP-2 1.5-hour install/removal tanking kit conversion. The Il-76 can carry up to 49,000 litres (13,000 US gal) of water; 3.5 times the capacity of the C-130 Hercules. Since this kit can be installed on any Il-76, the designation Il-76TP, Il-76TDP are also used when those versions of the Il-76 are converted into waterbombers. The Il-76P was first unveiled in 1990.
Il-76T
('T' for Transport, Транспортный) unarmed civil cargo transport version. NATO code-name "Candid-A". It first flew on November 4, 1978.
Il-76TD
The civil equivalent of the Il-76MD, first flew in 1982, equipped with Soloviev D-30 turbofan engines.[39]
Il-76TD-90
An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partial glass cockpit.
Il-76TD-90VD
An Il-76TD with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines and a partial glass cockpit. It was developed specially for Volga-Dnepr cargo company, which operates five aircraft as of 2021.[40]
Il-76TD-S
Civilian mobile hospital, similar to Il-76MD Skal'pel-MT.
Il-76TF
Civil transport stretched version with Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines. It is the civil version of the Il-76MF (none produced).

Foreign variants[edit | edit source]

A-50E/I Mainstay of the Indian Air Force
Beriev A-50E/I
For the Indian Air Force. Hosts Israeli Phalcon radar for AEW&C and Aviadvigatel PS-90 engines.[41]
Il-76MD tanker
Iraqi Air Force tanker conversions.
Shaanxi KJ-2000
Domestic Chinese airborne early warning and control conversion of Il-76, developed after A-50I was canceled and currently in service with the armed forces of China.
CFTE engine testbed
The China Flight Test Establishment (CFTE) currently operates a flying testbed converted from a Russian-made Il-76MD jet transport aircraft to serve as a flying testbed for future engine development programmes. The first engine to be tested on the aircraft is the WS-10A "Taihang" turbofan, currently being developed as the powerplant for China's indigenous J-10 and J-11 fighter aircraft. Il-76MD #76456, acquired by the AVIC 1 from Russia in the 1990s, is currently based at CFTE's flight test facility at Yanliang, Shaanxi Province.
Baghdad-1
Iraqi development with a radar mounted in the cargo hold enabling it to serve as AEW&C, used in the Iran–Iraq War.
Baghdad-2
Iraqi development (with French assistance) with fibreglass-reinforced plastic radome over the antenna of the Thomson-CSF Tiger G surveillance radar with a maximum detection range of 350 km (190 nmi; 220 mi). One was destroyed on the ground during the 1991 Persian Gulf War; two others were flown to Iran where they remained.[42] At least one went into service with the IRIAF. One aircraft crashed following a midair collision with a HESA Saeqeh fighter, during the annual Iranian military parade in Tehran.[43] It can be distinguished from the Beriev A-50 by having the Il-76 navigator windows in the nose, which the A-50 does not.

Operators[edit | edit source]

Present and former Il-76 operators
  Military operators
  Civilian operators
  Military and civilian operators
Main article: List of Ilyushin Il-76 operators

Military operators[edit | edit source]

People's Liberation Army Air Force Il-76 landing at Perth Airport, Australia. This aircraft took part in the Search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.
 Algeria
 Angola
 Armenia
 Azerbaijan
 Belarus
 China
Indian Air Force Il-76 landing at Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport located in Leh
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
 Egypt
 Equatorial Guinea
 India
A Russian Air Force Il-76MD at Chkalovsky Air Base
 Iran
 Jordan
Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces Il-76 landing at Beijing Capital International Airport
 North Korea
 Russia
 Sudan
 Ukraine
 Uzbekistan

Former military operators[edit | edit source]

A Libyan Il-76 at Mitiga International Airport in 2009
 Iraq
 Libya
Il-76 of the Soviet Air Forces
Template:Country data Soviet Union
File:Flag of Syria.svg Syria
  • Syrian Arab Air Force operated four, including three Il-76Ms. They were shared with Syrian Arab Airlines.[51] The Syrian government of Al-Assad fell to rebels in late 2024, and the Syrian Arab Air Force was dismantled. It was re-established as Syrian Air Force, but the revolution, and the Israeli air strikes that followed it, wrecked havoc in the inventory of the Air Force. In late 2025, the World Air Forces publication by FlightGlobal, which tracks the aircraft inventories of world's air forces and publishes its counts annually, removed all Syrian Air Force's aircraft from their World Air Forces 2026 report. It is thus questionable if the Syrian Air Force has any flying aircraft in their inventory, and in particular, any Il-76, as of December 2025.[52]
 Yemen
 Zimbabwe

Civil operators[edit | edit source]

A Pouya Air Il-76 landing at Mehrabad Airport in Dec 2023
 Azerbaijan
A TransAVIAexport Ilyushin Il-76TD at Frankfurt Airport
 Belarus
 Kazakhstan
 Kyrgyzstan
  • Fly Sky Airlines operates two Il-76TD aircraft[55]
A pair of Air Koryo Ilyushin Il-76 aircraft at Pyongyang International Airport
 North Korea
 Russia
 Turkmenistan
 United Arab Emirates
Template:UNO
 United States
  • Meridican, Inc, operating an Il-78 with registration N20NS.[60]
 Uzbekistan

Former civil operators[edit | edit source]

 Angola
 Armenia
 Bahrain
  • Global Aviation Services[62]
 Belarus
 Burkina Faso
 Cambodia
 Indonesia
  • Penas Air Cargo
 Democratic Republic of the Congo
Template:CGO
 Cuba
 Equatorial Guinea
 Georgia
  • Sun Way has operated the Il-76TD.[65]
 Hungary
 Iran
 Jordan
GST Aero Il-76 at Patriot Hills Base Camp, Antarctica
 Kazakhstan
 Kyrgyzstan
 Laos
  • Imtrec aviation of Cambodia used to operate Laos registered Il-76TD.
 Latvia
  • Inversija operated four, including three Il-76Ts and one Il-76TD.[64]
Template:LBA
 Mali
  • Transafrica Airlines
 Moldova
  • Aerocom operated an Il-76MD as well as an Il-76T until as late as January 2005.
  • Airline Transport operated a number of Il-76 aircraft, losing three in accidents in 2004 and 2005.
  • Jet Line International used to operate the Il-76.[69]
  • Tiramavia
 Russia
  • Aeroflot operated large numbers of aircraft, especially during Soviet years, often on behalf of the Soviet military. However, none remain in service with the airline.
  • Air STAN operated an Il-76TD.
  • ALAK operated Il-76 aircraft before its closure in 1999.
  • ATLANT-SOYUZ operated several Il-76TD
  • Aviaenergo operated the aircraft, but none remain in service.
  • Continental Airways has operated the Il-76 in the past, but does not do so currently.
  • Dacono Air has operated the Il-76.
  • Domodedovo Airlines has operated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • East Line used to operate the Il-76.
  • Ilavia Airline used to operate six, including two Il-76MDs and four Il-76TDs.
  • KrasAir operated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • Krylo Airlines operated two Il-76TDs into 2005.
  • Moscow Airways operated an Il-76TD in the early 1990s.
  • Novosibirsk Air Enterprise operated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise operated the Il-76, but none is currently in service.
  • Red Wings Airlines used to operate two Il-76TDs.
  • Royal Flight
  • Spair Airlines
  • Tesis Aviation Enterprise used to operate nine Il-76TDs.
  • Tyumen Airlines
  • Uralinteravia
 Serbia
  • Air Tomisko operated 3 Il-76TDs. Two were leased from GST Aero which had been before in service of Kosmas Air, and one more was added in May 2006.[70]
  • Kosmas Air operated two Il-76TDs leased from GST Aero.[70]
 Sierra Leone
  • Aerolift Sierra Leone used to operate Il-76 aircraft for special charter and cargo lift operations.[71]
Template:USSR
  • Aeroflot was the main civil user of the aircraft during the period of the Soviet Union, although many of its aircraft were operated on behalf of the military.
  • Jet Air Cargo was one of the first civil operators of the Il-76 in Russia other than Aeroflot.
Template:SUD
File:Flag of Syria.svg Syria
  • Syrian Arab Airlines operated four, including three Il-76Ms. They were shared with Syrian Arab Air Force.[51] The Syrian government of Al-Assad fell to rebels in late 2024, and the Syrian Arab Air Force was dismantled. It was re-established as Syrian Air Force, but the revolution, and the Israeli air strikes that followed it, wrecked havoc in the inventory of the Air Force. In late 2025, the World Air Forces publication by FlightGlobal, which tracks the aircraft inventories of world's air forces and publishes its counts annually, removed all Syrian Air Force's aircraft from their World Air Forces 2026 report. It is thus questionable if the Syrian Air Force has any flying aircraft in their inventory, and in particular, any Il-76, as of December 2025. Since the Il-76 were shared with Syrian Arab Airlines, the same can be said about Syrian Arab Airlines as well.[52]
 Ukraine
 Uzbekistan
  • Avialeasing operated the Il-76 on a charter and lease basis.
 United Arab Emirates
  • Gulf Aviation Technology and Services operated a number of Il-76 aircraft on charter or lease.
  • Phoenix Aviation used to operate 2 Il-76TDs.[citation needed]
 Yemen

Accidents and incidents[edit | edit source]

Main page: Category:Aviation accidents and incidents involving the Ilyushin Il-76
An Il-76MD that was damaged during the Sknyliv air show disaster on 27 July 2002, during which the Sukhoi Su-27 involved struck a glancing blow against the aircraft's nose before crashing into spectators

As of July 2024, the Aviation Safety Network has tracked 137 incidents involving Il-76 series aircraft resulting in the 1,158 fatalities. 99 have been written off in crashes and other accidents.[75] Some of the most notable incidents can be found here.

1990s[edit | edit source]

  • On 1 February 1990, a Soviet Air Forces Il-76 registration СССР-86021 crashed 14 minutes after takeoff from Panevėžys Air Base, killing all 8 members of the crew.[80]
  • On 24 May 1991, a Metro Cargo Il-76TD (LZ-INK, named Lugano), crashed near Kermanshah Airport while attempting a forced landing following fuel exhaustion, killing four of ten crew.[81]
  • On 8 July 1993, a Russian Air Force Il-76M (RA-86039) crashed near Pskov Airport due to loss of control following an unexplained in-flight fire, killing the 11 crew.[82]
  • 1995 Airstan Ilyushin Il-76 hijacking. On 3 August 1995 Taliban-controlled fighter aircraft intercepted an Airstan Ilyushin Il-76TD transport aircraft, and held its seven crew members for over a year before escaping.[83][84]
  • On 19 August 1996, Spair Airlines Flight 3601, an Il-76T, crashed while trying to land at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport following total electrical failure due to pilot error, killing all 11 occupants on board.[85] The crew had forgotten to turn on the AC/DC converter following engine startup.
  • Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision. On 12 November 1996, Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907, an Il-76, collided in mid-air with Saudia Flight 763 (a Boeing 747) over Charkhi Dadri, India, killing all 349 aboard both aircraft in the deadliest mid-air collision. The Kazakh crew failed to maintain altitude owing to confusion with ATC.
  • 1996 Abakan Ilyushin Il-76 crash. On 27 November 1996, a Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76MD, registration RA-78804, flew into the side of a mountain, minutes after it departed Abakan Airport, and crashed 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from the airport. All 21 occupants on board died in the accident.[86][87]
  • On 13 July 1998, ATI Aircompany Flight 2570, an Il-76MD (UR-76424), crashed in the sea shortly after takeoff from Ras Al Khaimah International Airport, killing the eight crew. The aircraft was overloaded and the pilot failed to respond to GPWS warnings.[88]
  • On 17 July 1998, Air Sofia Flight 701, an Il-78 (UR-UCI) struck a hill on approach to Asmara International Airport, killing all ten on board. The aircraft was leased from Ukrainian Cargo Airways.[89]

2000s[edit | edit source]

2010s[edit | edit source]

2020s[edit | edit source]

Aircraft on display[edit | edit source]

  • CCCP-76511 (c/n 083414444) preserved in the Ukraine State Aviation Museum, Kyiv. The aircraft was originally painted as UR-UCI of Ukrainian Cargo Airways to commemorate the real aircraft that crashed in 1998, but was returned to its original Aeroflot livery as CCCP-76511 in 2016.[132]
  • An Ilyushin Il-76 in Umm Al Quwain, the United Arab Emirates sat abandoned by the side of a highway from 2000 to 2022, acting as an adveritising billboard for a local beach resort. It later became a tourist destination.[133] It was then scrapped in May 2022.[134]

Specifications (Il-76MD-90AE)[edit | edit source]

Data from UAC,Rosoboronexport, Ilyushin,[135] Aviadvigatel,[136] Volga-Dnepr Airlines.[137]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 5
  • Capacity: Il-76M 42,000 kg (93,000 lb); Il-76MD 48,000 kg (106,000 lb); Il-76MD-90A 60,000 kg (130,000 lb)
  • Length: 46.6 m (152 ft 11 in)
  • Wingspan: 50.5 m (165 ft 8 in)
  • Height: 14.42 m (47 ft 4 in)
  • Wing area: 300 m2 (3,200 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 92,500 kg (203,928 lb) Il-76TD-90
  • Max takeoff weight: 210,000 kg (462,971 lb) Il-76MD-90A
  • Powerplant: 4 × Aviadvigatel PS-90A-76 turbofans, 156.9 kN (35,300 lbf) thrust each

Performance

  • Cruise speed: 750–800 km/h (470–500 mph, 400–430 kn)
  • Range: 5,000 km (3,100 mi, 2,700 nmi) Il-76MD-90A with 52 t (51 long tons; 57 short tons) payload.
  • Ferry range: 9,700 km (6,000 mi, 5,200 nmi) Il-76MD-90A with no payload.
  • Service ceiling: 12,200 m (40,000 ft)
  • Thrust/weight: 0.32 at 200 t (200 long tons; 220 short tons) take-off weight and max. take-off thrust
  • Minimum landing run: 450 m (1,480 ft) with thrust reversers

Armament

  • Guns: 2 × 23 mm (0.906 in) cannon in radar-directed manned turret at base of tail
  • Bombs: Some military models have four hardpoints under each outer wing capable of supporting 500 kg (1,100 lb) bombs.

See also[edit | edit source]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Ilyushin". Flightglobal. Flight International. 4 December 1996. Archived from the original on 23 May 2013.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Butowski, Piotr. Rosyjski kontrakt na Ił-76 i Ił-78 dla Chin. Lotnictwo nr. 1/2007, pp. 54–55 (in Polish)
  3. ↑ "Commercial aircraft of the world–Ilyushin Il-76". Flight International. 4283 (140): 66. 4–10 September 1991. Archived from the original on 16 November 2017. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Butowski, Piotr. Iliuszyn Ił-76 powraca. Lotnictwo nr. 9/2004, p. 28–32 (in Polish)
  5. ↑ "IL-76MD aircraft will be provided to China". Archived from the original on 24 June 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2013.[unreliable source?]
  6. ↑ "File:Марка России 2006г №1073-Самолет ИЛ-76ТД и научно-экспедиционное судно "Академик Федоров"; панорама станции.jpg". Stamps of Russia. Publishing and Trading Centre "Marka". 26 January 2006. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2009.
  7. ↑ "âÅÒÉÅ× á-60". airwar.ru. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  8. ↑ "Поставки транспортников Ил-476 заказчикам начнутся в 2012 году – ВПК.name". Vpk.name. 2 July 2010. Archived from the original on 24 January 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2010.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "IL-476: Russia's New Medium-Heavy Transport Jet". Defense Industry Daily. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  10. ↑ Первый серийный самолет Ил-76МД-90А передан Минобороны России [The first production aircraft Il-76MD-90A passed the Russian Defense Ministry]. RIA Novosti (in русский). 29 April 2015. Archived from the original on 1 May 2015.
  11. ↑ "Russian MoD receives first serial production Il-76MD-90A airlifter | Jane's 360". Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2019.
  12. ↑ "Минобороны переоценило транспортные самолеты". 28 May 2020 – via Kommersant.
  13. ↑ "Russian radars track 30 foreign spy planes and six drones over week".
  14. ↑ "ЦАМТО / / Предприятия ОАК выполнили гособоронзаказ в 2020 году". Archived from the original on 8 November 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  15. ↑ "ЦАМТО / / Минобороны России получило новый военно-транспортный самолет Ил-76МД-90А". Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  16. ↑ "ЦАМТО / / Первый Ил-76МД-90А, собранный в АО "Авиастар-СП" на новой поточной линии, передан заказчику". Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  17. ↑ "Очередной серийный самолет Ил-76МД-90А передан в эксплуатацию". www.uacrussia.ru.
  18. ↑ "ЦАМТО / / ОАК передала Минобороны транспортники Ил-76МД-90А и Ил-76МД-М".
  19. ↑ "Defense contractor delivers new top-notch military transport plane to Russian troops".
  20. ↑ "ЦАМТО / / ПАО «ОАК» выполнило гособоронзаказ 2022 года". armstrade.org. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
  21. ↑ "ЦАМТО / / ОАК: Минобороны за год получило шесть Ил-76, в планах утроить производство". armstrade.org (in русский). 26 December 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  22. ↑ "ВКС России получили шестой в 2024 году военно-транспортный самолёт Ил-76МД-90А". bmpd (in русский). 31 December 2024. Retrieved 4 January 2025.
  23. ↑ Malyasov, Dylan (2 September 2025). "Russia takes delivery of new Il-76MD-90A plane". Defence Blog. Retrieved 2 September 2025.
  24. ↑ "Russia ramps up Ilyushin Il-76 production with 7 aircraft delivered in 2025". AGN. 12 January 2026. Retrieved 8 February 2026.
  25. ↑ "РИА Новости". Telegram. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
  26. ↑ Canadian Parliament Website Archived October 13, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  27. ↑ "IL-76s' mission in PLAAF, China". Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
  28. ↑ Wilson, Nigel (24 March 2013). "I flew secret missions carrying cash and weapons into Syria for Assad, pilot reveals". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 13 April 2018. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  29. ↑ Dafna Linzer, Jeff Larson (26 November 2012). "Flight Records Say Russia Sent Syria Tons of Cash". ProPublica. Archived from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  30. ↑ "NEWS – AZERBAIJAN – TURAN NEWS AGENCY". www.contact.az. Archived from the original on 17 April 2013.
  31. ↑ Gabbert, Bill (27 February 2017). "Russian IL-76 completes its assignment in Chile". Fire Aviation. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  32. ↑ "Il-76 aircraft to receive new onboard defense systems". Archived from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  33. ↑ "The Ilyushin Il-76, A-50 AWACS / Aircraft 976". airvectors.net. 1 April 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
  34. ↑ "ОАО "Ил" приступило к работам по модернизации... | ОАО "Ил"". ilyushin.org. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  35. ↑ "ЦАМТО / Новости / Первый модернизированный транспортный самолет Ил-76МД-М передан Минобороны России". armstrade.org. Archived from the original on 27 January 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  36. ↑ "Russian Air Force receives first upgraded Ilyushin Il-76MD-M". airrecognition.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  37. ↑ "First serial-production Ilyushin Il-76MD-90A strategic airlifter made its maiden flight". January 5, 2015. Archived from the original on January 13, 2015. Retrieved January 13, 2015.
  38. ↑ "Military transport aircraft IL-76MD-90AE | Catalog Rosoboronexport". Rosoboronexport. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 "The Ilyushin Il-76". airvectors.net. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  40. ↑ "IL-76TD – the heavy cargo-carrying ramp aircraft". Volga-Dnepr. Retrieved 10 January 2021. Volga-Dnepr has 5 modernized Ilyushin-76-TD-90-VD aircraft in its fleet.
  41. ↑ "domain-b.com : Air Force starts flight tests of first Phalcon Il-76 airborne early warning system". domain-b.com. 9 June 2008. Archived from the original on 13 December 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  42. ↑ Armistead, Leigh; Armistead, Edwin Leigh (2002). AEW&C and Hawkeyes – The Complete History of Airborne Early Warning. ISBN 978-0-7603-1140-0. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  43. ↑ IRIAF IL-76MD "Simorgh" (Phoenix) AWACS Crash (Sep 22, 2009) at YouTube
  44. ↑ 44.00 44.01 44.02 44.03 44.04 44.05 44.06 44.07 44.08 44.09 44.10 44.11 44.12 44.13 44.14 44.15 Embraer, In association with. "2025 World Air Forces directory". Flight Global. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
  45. ↑ Royal Jordanian Air Force (RJAF-360) IL-76TD Prestwick Airport [4K/UHD]. 7 September 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023 – via YouTube.
  46. ↑ Trevithick, Joseph (27 March 2025). "First North Korean Airborne Early Warning Jet Flies, Kim Shows Off Interior". The War Zone. Recurrent Ventures. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 The Military Balance 2016, p. 200.
  48. ↑ IISS 2024, p. 213.
  49. ↑ Sipos, Milos; Cooper, Tom (2022). Wings of Iraq, Volume 2: The Iraqi Air Force, 1970-1980. Warwick: Helion & Company Publishing. p. IX. ISBN 978-1-914377-17-4.
  50. ↑ Mitzer, Stijn; Oliemans, Joost. "Probe-And-Drogue - The Story Of Libya's Ill-Fated In-Flight Refuelling Programme". Oryx. Retrieved 22 January 2025.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 "World Air Forces 2023". Flight Global. Flightglobal Insight. 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Hoyle, Craig (2025). World Air Forces 2026 (Report). FlightGlobal. p. 4. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
  53. ↑ Cooper, Tom (2018). Hot Skies Over Yemen, Volume 2: Aerial Warfare Over the South Arabian Peninsula, 1994-2017. Warwick, UK: Helion & Company Publishing. pp. 33, I. ISBN 978-1-911628-18-7.
  54. ↑ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 210
  55. ↑ Fabricius, Darren Olivier and Peter (9 October 2025). "What's with all these Russian-made aircraft flying above Pretoria?". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
  56. ↑ "Airshow Review – Wonsan Air Festival, North Korea". GAR - We've got aviation covered. 30 September 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
  57. ↑ "Volga-Dnepr evaluates stretched AN-124-102 for special aerospace and industrial payloads" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 February 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2009.
  58. ↑ "News". Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  59. ↑ "Fleet in Flight Radar". Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  60. ↑ "FAA Registry N-Number Inquiry Results". FAA Aircraft Inquiry. 27 June 2024. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Hradecky, Simon (December 2, 2012). "Crash: Aero Services IL76 at Brazzaville on Nov 30th 2012, clipped trees then impacted buildings short of runway". Aviation Herald. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  62. ↑ Retrieved 2 December 2015. FlightStats. Global Aviation Services 509 Flight Status Archived 2017-07-04 at the Wayback Machine
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Cooper et al. 2011, p. 245
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 64.2 Jackson, Munson & Taylor 1995, p. 317.
  65. ↑ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "The Plane That Should NOT Have Been Flying". Mini Air Crash Investigation. 25 November 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2021 – via YouTube.
  66. ↑ "Jordan International Air Cargo". Archived from the original on 22 July 2011.
  67. ↑ "Jordan gave Egypt two military transport Il-76MF". weaponews.com. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
  68. ↑ "Lease" Archived 2009-09-24 at the Wayback Machine. AirAlmaty.kz
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  71. ↑ "Ilyushin 76 Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine", Aerolift Archived 2007-03-12 at the Wayback Machine
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  77. ↑ "Crash of an Ilyushin II-76M near Kabul: 47 killed | Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives". www.baaa-acro.com. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  78. ↑ Accident description for CCCP-86732 at the Aviation Safety Network
  79. ↑ "Accident Ilyushin Il-76MD CCCP-76569, Wednesday 18 October 1989". asn.flightsafety.org. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
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  81. ↑ Accident description for LZ-INK at the Aviation Safety Network
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  88. ↑ "July 13, 1998: Cargo plane crashes off Ras Al Khaimah". gulfnews.com. 12 July 2018.
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  92. ↑ Astill, James (10 May 2003). "At 10,000 feet the door flipped open and scores of passengers were sucked out". The Guardian. Nairobi. Archived from the original on 29 November 2012.
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  94. ↑ "Cargo Plane Shot Down in Somalia". The Washington Post. 3 November 2012. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  95. ↑ "Crash: Ababeel IL76 at Khartoum on June 30th 2008, hit ground immediately after takeoff".
  96. ↑ Accident description for EK-76400 at the Aviation Safety Network
  97. ↑ Accident description for RA-76827 at the Aviation Safety Network
  98. ↑ Accident description for RA-76825 at the Aviation Safety Network
  99. ↑ Hradecky, Simon. "Crash: Aerolift IL76 at Entebbe on Mar 9th 2009, impacted Lake Victoria after takeoff". The Aviation Herald. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
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  121. ↑ "Mali: la junte évoque de manière détournée le crash d'un avion militaire". 27 September 2023.
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  123. ↑ "Russian jet crashes carrying Ukrainian PoWs - Moscow". 24 January 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2024.
  124. ↑ "EXPLAINED: Russia's Downed IL-76 Plane, Everything We Know So Far". 25 January 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  125. ↑ "Why Did The Russian Il-76 Crash? What We Know, and Don't Know, About A Major Aviation Disaster". 25 January 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  126. ↑ "Russian IL-76 shot down". 23 January 2024.
  127. ↑ Gozzi, Laura; Kirby, Paul (24 January 2024). "Russian jet crashes carrying Ukrainian PoWs - Moscow". BBC News.
  128. ↑ RIA Novosti (12 March 2024). "RIA Novosti via @GirkingGirkin account".
  129. ↑ "У Росії біля військового аеродрому впав літак Іл-76, на борту було 15 людей".
  130. ↑ "Accident Ilyushin Il-76T EX-76011, Monday 21 October 2024". asn.flightsafety.org. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  131. ↑ Strembski, Marcin. "Zestrzelenie Iljuszyna Ił-76 przez RSF w Darfurze" [Shooting Down of Ilyushin Il-76 by RSF in Darfur]. Onet.pl (in polski). Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  132. ↑ "Aircraft Photo of UR-UCI | Ilyushin Il-76 | Ukrainian Cargo Airways". airhistory.net. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  133. ↑ "UAE dismantles plane of gunrunner Russia wants for Americans". AP News. 27 May 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
  134. ↑ https://www.khaleejtimes.com/lifestyle/after-two-decades-uaqs-mystery-plane-is-finally-headed-for-the-scrap-heap-of-aviation-history
  135. ↑ "IL-76TD-90." Archived 2009-11-03 at the Wayback Machine Ilyushin.
  136. ↑ "PS-90A-76 Aircraft Engine." Archived 2012-04-01 at the Wayback Machine Aviadvigate.
  137. ↑ "IL-76TD-90VD" (PDF). Volga-Dnepr Airlines. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2013.

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

Further reading[edit | edit source]

  • Komissarov D.-Y. Gordon, Ilyushin 76, Midland Publishing (Ian Allan), Hinckley,

External links[edit | edit source]

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