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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]]
| honorific_prefix = [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]]
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| birth_date    = {{birth date|df=yes|1919|05|20}}
| birth_date    = {{birth date|df=yes|1919|05|20}}
| death_date    = {{death date and age |df=yes|1991|1|29|1919|4|20}}
| death_date    = {{death date and age |df=yes|1991|1|29|1919|4|20}}
| birth_place  = [[Jabalpur]], [[Jubbulpore Division]], [[Central Provinces and Berar]], [[British Raj]]<br>(now [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]]){{sfn|Abidi|Sharma|2007}}
| birth_place  = [[Jabalpur]], [[Jubbulpore Division]], [[Central Provinces and Berar]], [[British Raj]]<br>(now [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]]){{sfn|Abidi|Sharma|2022}}
| death_place  = [[Bombay]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]<br>(now [[Mumbai]])
| death_place  = [[Bombay]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]<br>(now [[Mumbai]])
| placeofburial =  
| placeofburial =  
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| caption      =  
| caption      =  
| nickname      =  
| nickname      =  
| allegiance    = {{flag|British India}} (1938-1947) <br />{{flag|India}} (from 1947)
| allegiance    = {{flag|British India}} (1938–1947) <br />{{flag|India}} (1947–1979)
| branch        = {{navy|British Raj}} (1938-1947) <br /> {{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of India.svg}} [[Indian Navy]] (1947-1979)
| branch        = {{navy|British India}} (1938–1947) <br /> {{navy|India}} (1947–1979)
| serviceyears  = 1938–1979
| serviceyears  = 1938–1979
| rank          = [[File:IN_Admiral_Shoulder_curl.png|20px]] [[File:14-Indian Navy-ADM.svg|20px]] [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]]
| rank          = [[File:IN_Admiral_Shoulder_curl.png|20px]] [[File:14-Indian Navy-ADM.svg|20px]] [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]]
| commands      = [[Western Naval Command]] <br/> {{ship|INS|Vikrant|R11}} <br/> 11th Destroyer squadron <br/> {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}} <br/> INS Investigator <br/> {{ship|HMIS|Bombay|J249}}
| commands      = [[Western Naval Command]] <br/> {{INS|Vikrant|1961}} <br/> 11th Destroyer squadron <br/> {{INS|Rajput|D141}} <br/> INS Investigator <br/> {{ship|HMIS|Bombay|J249}}
| unit          =  
| unit          =  
| battles      = [[World War II]] <br/> [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]
| battles      = [[World War II]] <br/> [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]
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[[Admiral (India)|Admiral]] '''Jal Cursetji''', [[PVSM]] (20 May 1919 – 29 January 1991) was a former Flag Officer in the [[Indian Navy]]. He served as the ninth [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] (CNS) from 1 March 1976 until 28 February 1979. He was the first [[hydrographer]] to serve as the CNS.
[[Admiral (India)|Admiral]] '''Jal Cursetji''', [[PVSM]] (20 May 1919 – 29 January 1991) was a former Flag Officer in the [[Indian Navy]]. He served as the ninth [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] (CNS) from 1 March 1976 until 28 February 1979. He was the first [[hydrographer]] to serve as the CNS.


Born in a Parsi family in Jabalpur, Cursetji joined the [[Training Ship Dufferin]] in 1935, where his batchmate was [[Nilakanta Krishnan]]. After training on various ships of the [[Royal Navy]], he served on the [[Aubrietia-class sloop]] {{ship|HMIS|Clive|L79}} and the [[Bathurst-class corvette]] {{ship|HMIS|Bombay|J249}}. In 1944, he commanded the ''HMIS Bombay''. After specialising in hydrography in the United Kingdom, he was tasked with the planning of setting up a hydrographic office in India. He served as the Surveyor-in-Charge, Marine Survey of India and commanded the survey ship INS Investigator. He was the first Indian to serve as the Chief Hydrographer of the Navy, from 1955 to 1957.
Born in a Parsi family in Jabalpur, Cursetji joined the [[Training Ship Dufferin]] in 1935, where his batchmate was [[Nilakanta Krishnan]]. After training on various ships of the [[Royal Navy]], he served on the [[Aubrietia-class sloop]] {{ship|HMIS|Clive|L79}} and the [[Bathurst-class corvette]] {{ship|HMIS|Bombay|J249}}. In 1944, he commanded ''HMIS Bombay''. After specialising in hydrography in the United Kingdom, he was tasked with the planning of setting up a hydrographic office in India. He served as the Surveyor-in-Charge, Marine Survey of India and commanded the survey ship INS Investigator. He was the first Indian to serve as the Chief Hydrographer of the Navy, from 1955 to 1957.


Cursetji subsequently commanded the 11th destroyer squadron and the lead ship {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}} and served for about four years as the [[Naval attaché]] at the [[Embassy of India, Washington, D.C.]], from 1961 to 1965. Returning to India, he commanded the [[aircraft carrier]] {{ship|INS|Vikrant|R11}} from 1966 to 1967. Promoted to flag rank in 1967, he took over as [[Chief of Personnel (India)|Chief of Personnel]] at Naval headquarters. In 1970, he was appointed the [[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]] and served in this appointment during the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]].
Cursetji subsequently commanded the 11th destroyer squadron and the lead ship {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}} and served for about four years as the [[Naval attaché]] at the [[Embassy of India, Washington, D.C.]], from 1961 to 1965. Returning to India, he commanded the [[aircraft carrier]] {{INS|Vikrant|1961|6}} from 1966 to 1967. Promoted to flag rank in 1967, he took over as [[Chief of Personnel (India)|Chief of Personnel]] at Naval headquarters. In 1970, he was appointed the [[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]] and served in this appointment during the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]].


Cursetji served as the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Naval Command]] from 1973 to 1976, before taking over as the Chief of Naval Staff. During his tenure as the CNS, the [[maritime reconnaissance]] role was taken over by the Navy, the [[Indian Coast Guard]] came into being and the Goa Naval area was established. The Southern Naval Area was also upgraded into a full-fledged command. Cursetji was awarded the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] in 1971 and was the first recipient from the Indian Navy of the [[Legion of Merit]].
Cursetji served as the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Naval Command]] from 1973 to 1976, before taking over as the Chief of Naval Staff. During his tenure as the CNS, the [[maritime reconnaissance]] role was taken over by the Navy, the [[Indian Coast Guard]] came into being and the Goa Naval area was established. The Southern Naval Area was also upgraded into a full-fledged command. Cursetji was awarded the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] in 1971 and was the first recipient from the Indian Navy of the [[Legion of Merit]].
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==Naval career==
==Naval career==
Cursetji embarked for the United Kingdom and joined the [[Monitor (warship)|monitor]] {{ship|HMS|Erebus|I02}}. Subsequently he trained on board the [[Hawkins-class cruiser]] {{ship|HMS|Vindictive|1918}}. In late 1938, after the end of his training, he was promoted to the rank of [[midshipman]] and posted to the {{ship|HMS|Foxhound|H69}}, a part of the [[8th Destroyer Flotilla]].{{sfn|Krishnan|2014|p=25-28}}  
Cursetji embarked for the United Kingdom and joined the [[Monitor (warship)|monitor]] {{ship|HMS|Erebus|I02}}. Subsequently he trained on board the [[Hawkins-class cruiser]] {{ship|HMS|Vindictive|1918}}. In late 1938, after the end of his training, he was promoted to the rank of [[midshipman]] and posted to the {{ship|HMS|Foxhound|H69}}, a part of the [[8th Destroyer Flotilla]].{{sfn|Krishnan|2014|p=25-28}}


===World War II===
===World War II===
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===Post-Independence===
===Post-Independence===
After the [[independence of India]], Cursetji opted to join the Indian Navy. He was the senior most Indian officer in the Hydrographic Survey branch, and took part in the coastal surveys of [[Burma]], [[Federation of Malaya|Malaya]] and [[Indonesia]]. In April 1949, then an acting [[Commander]], he was sent to the United Kingdom to prepare a report on establishing a Hydrographic office in India. After spending about a year, he returned in early 1950 and submitted his report to Naval HQ.{{sfn|Singh|1986}} The Marine Survey of India (MSI) was established in 1874 in Calcutta and was responsible for the hydrographic surveys. It was headed by the Surveyor-in-Charge.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brief History – Indian Naval Hydrographic Office |url=https://hydrobharat.gov.in/home/brief-history/ |website=hydrobharat.gov.in}}</ref>  
After the [[independence of India]], Cursetji opted to join the Indian Navy. He was the senior most Indian officer in the Hydrographic Survey branch, and took part in the coastal surveys of [[Burma]], [[Federation of Malaya|Malaya]] and [[Indonesia]]. In April 1949, then an acting [[Commander]], he was sent to the United Kingdom to prepare a report on establishing a Hydrographic office in India. After spending about a year, he returned in early 1950 and submitted his report to Naval HQ.{{sfn|Singh|1986}} The Marine Survey of India (MSI) was established in 1874 in Calcutta and was responsible for the hydrographic surveys. It was headed by the Surveyor-in-Charge.<ref name="INHD history"/>


In 1950, Cursetji took over as the Surveyor-in-Charge of the Marine Survey of India. He headed the MSI for about three years, till 1953. After relinquishing charge, he took command of the [[survey ship]] ''INS Investigator''. On 1 Jun 1954, MSI was relocated to Dehradun, its present location, and was renamed Naval Hydrographic Office. The appointment of Surveyor-in-Charge Marine Survey of India was re-designated Chief Hydrographer of the Navy.<ref name="INHD history">{{cite web |title=Brief History – Indian Naval Hydrographic Office |url=https://hydrobharat.gov.in/home/brief-history/ |website=hydrobharat.gov.in}}</ref> On 15 November 1955, he was promoted to acting rank of [[captain (Indian Navy)|captain]] and appointed the Chief Hydrographer of the Navy.<ref name="capt_actg">http://www.hydrobharat.nic.in/pdf/charting.pdf{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=60  |date=24 March 1956 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> He was the second incumbent and the first Indian to hold the appointment. This appointment was later re-designated Chief Hydrographer to the [[Government of India]] in 1964. Cursetji served as the Chief Hydrographer till November 1957.<ref name="INHD history"/>
In 1950, Cursetji took over as the Surveyor-in-Charge of the Marine Survey of India. He headed the MSI for about three years, till 1953. After relinquishing charge, he took command of the [[survey ship]] ''INS Investigator''. On 1 Jun 1954, MSI was relocated to Dehradun, its present location, and was renamed Naval Hydrographic Office. The appointment of Surveyor-in-Charge Marine Survey of India was re-designated Chief Hydrographer of the Navy.<ref name="INHD history">{{cite web |title=Brief History – Indian Naval Hydrographic Office |url=https://hydrobharat.gov.in/home/brief-history/ |website=hydrobharat.gov.in}}</ref> On 15 November 1955, he was promoted to acting rank of [[captain (Indian Navy)|captain]] and appointed the Chief Hydrographer of the Navy.<ref name="capt_actg">http://www.hydrobharat.nic.in/pdf/charting.pdf{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=60  |date=24 March 1956 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> He was the second incumbent and the first Indian to hold the appointment. This appointment was later re-designated Chief Hydrographer to the [[Government of India]] in 1964. Cursetji served as the Chief Hydrographer till November 1957.<ref name="INHD history"/>


On 5 November 1957, Cursetji was appointed Captain (D) 11th Destroyer Squadron as well as the Commanding Officer of the lead destroyer of the squadron, {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}}. Apart from the ''Rajput'', the flotilla consisted of {{ship|INS|Ranjit|1949}} and {{ship|INS|Rana|1942}}.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=335  |date=28 December 1957 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> Later that year, on 31 December, he was promoted to the substantive rank of captain.<ref name="capt_subs">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=268  |date=29 November 1958 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> In 1961, Cursetji was appointed the first [[Naval attaché]] at the [[Embassy of India, Washington, D.C.]]. The [[Ambassador of India to the United States]] during his tenure was [[Braj Kumar Nehru]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Welcome to Embassy of India, Washington D C, USA |url=https://www.indianembassyusa.gov.in/previousambassadors |website=www.indianembassyusa.gov.in}}</ref> He simultaneously held the office of Naval adviser to the High Commissioner of India to Canada in Ottawa. He spent about four years in this appointment, till 1965. After returning to India, he was appointed CAPBRAX (captain naval barracks) and Commanding Officer of INS Angre. After a short stint, Cursetji was appointed the fourth [[commanding officer]] of the [[flagship]] of the Indian Navy - {{ship|INS|Vikrant|R11}}, then the only [[aircraft carrier]] in Asia. He took over from Captain [[V. A. Kamath]] on 4 November 1966.<ref name="Vikrant">{{cite web |title=CURSETJI NEW COMMANDING OFFICER OF NAVY'S FLAGSHIP |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1966-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENC/PDF/DEF-1966-11-04_143.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=4 November 1966}}</ref> In mid-1967, he led the ship in large air-sea exercises in the [[Arabian Sea]] which was witnessed by the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]], [[Indira Gandhi]]. <ref>{{cite web |title=PRIME MINISTER TO WITNESS NAVAL EXERCISES |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1967-JULY-DEC-DEFENCE-VOL-2/PDF/DEF-1967-09-19_085.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=19 September 1967}}</ref>
On 5 November 1957, Cursetji was appointed Captain (D) 11th Destroyer Squadron as well as the Commanding Officer of the lead destroyer of the squadron, {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}}. Apart from the ''Rajput'', the flotilla consisted of {{ship|INS|Ranjit|1949}} and {{ship|INS|Rana|1942}}.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=335  |date=28 December 1957 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> Later that year, on 31 December, he was promoted to the substantive rank of captain.<ref name="capt_subs">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=268  |date=29 November 1958 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> In 1961, Cursetji was appointed the first [[Naval attaché]] at the [[Embassy of India, Washington, D.C.]] The [[Ambassador of India to the United States]] during his tenure was [[Braj Kumar Nehru]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Welcome to Embassy of India, Washington D C, USA |url=https://www.indianembassyusa.gov.in/previousambassadors |website=www.indianembassyusa.gov.in}}</ref> He simultaneously held the office of Naval adviser to the High Commissioner of India to Canada in Ottawa. He spent about four years in this appointment, till 1965. After returning to India, he was appointed CAPBRAX (captain naval barracks) and Commanding Officer of [[INS Angre]]. After a short stint, Cursetji was appointed the fourth [[commanding officer]] of the [[flagship]] of the Indian Navy - {{INS|Vikrant|1961|6}}, then the only [[aircraft carrier]] in Asia. He took over from Captain [[V. A. Kamath]] on 4 November 1966.<ref name="Vikrant">{{cite web |title=CURSETJI NEW COMMANDING OFFICER OF NAVY'S FLAGSHIP |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1966-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENC/PDF/DEF-1966-11-04_143.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=4 November 1966}}</ref> In mid-1967, he led the ship in large air-sea exercises in the [[Arabian Sea]] which was witnessed by the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]], [[Indira Gandhi]].<ref>{{cite web |title=PRIME MINISTER TO WITNESS NAVAL EXERCISES |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1967-JULY-DEC-DEFENCE-VOL-2/PDF/DEF-1967-09-19_085.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=19 September 1967}}</ref>


===Flag rank===
===Flag rank===
On 8 December 1967, he relinquished command of the ''Vikrant'', handing over to Captain [[Elenjikal Chandy Kuruvila|E. C. Kuruvila]]. Cursetji was promoted  to the acting rank of [[Rear admiral (India)|rear admiral]] and took over as the [[Chief of Personnel (India)|Chief of Personnel]] (COP) at Naval Headquarters.<ref name="COP">{{cite web |title=COMMODORE KRISHNAN NEW NAVY VICE CHIEF |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1967-JULY-DEC-DEFENCE-VOL-2/PDF/DEF-1967-12-11_192.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=11 December 1967}}</ref>Taking over from Rear Admiral [[K. R. Nair]], he served as COP for little over two years. In early 1970, Cursetji was appointed the third [[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]]. He was promoted to the acting rank of [[Vice admiral (India)|vice admiral]] and took over from his batchmate Vice Admiral [[Nilakanta Krishnan]] on 20 February 1970.<ref name="VCNS">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=450  |date=4 April 1970 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=NEW NAVAL APPOINTMENTS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1970-JAN-MAY-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1970-02-20_073.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=20 February 1970}}</ref> On 26 January 1971, he was awarded the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] for distinguished service of the highest order. He served as the VCNS during the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]].<ref name="PVSM">{{cite web |title=GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS FOR DEFENCE PERSONNEL |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/FEATURE/1971%20REP%20DAY%20IND%20DAY/PDF/FEA-1971-01-25_039.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=25 January 1971}}</ref> In August 1972, he led a delegation to the Soviet Union to negotiate the acquisition of ship and aircraft. The [[Maritime reconnaissance aircraft]] [[Ilyushin Il-38]] was acquired durin
On 8 December 1967, he relinquished command of the ''Vikrant'', handing over to Captain [[Elenjikal Chandy Kuruvila|E. C. Kuruvila]]. Cursetji was promoted  to the acting rank of [[Rear admiral (India)|rear admiral]] and took over as the [[Chief of Personnel (India)|Chief of Personnel]] (COP) at Naval Headquarters.<ref name="COP">{{cite web |title=COMMODORE KRISHNAN NEW NAVY VICE CHIEF |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1967-JULY-DEC-DEFENCE-VOL-2/PDF/DEF-1967-12-11_192.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=11 December 1967}}</ref> Taking over from Rear Admiral [[K. R. Nair]], he served as COP for little over two years. In early 1970, Cursetji was appointed the third [[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]]. He was promoted to the acting rank of [[Vice admiral (India)|vice admiral]] and took over from his batchmate Vice Admiral [[Nilakanta Krishnan]] on 20 February 1970.<ref name="VCNS">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=450  |date=4 April 1970 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=NEW NAVAL APPOINTMENTS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1970-JAN-MAY-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1970-02-20_073.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=20 February 1970}}</ref> On 26 January 1971, he was awarded the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] for distinguished service of the highest order. He served as the VCNS during the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]].<ref name="PVSM">{{cite web |title=GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS FOR DEFENCE PERSONNEL |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/FEATURE/1971%20REP%20DAY%20IND%20DAY/PDF/FEA-1971-01-25_039.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=25 January 1971}}</ref> In August 1972, he led a delegation to the Soviet Union to negotiate the acquisition of ship and aircraft. The [[Maritime reconnaissance aircraft]] [[Ilyushin Il-38]] was acquired durin


On 27 February 1973, with Admiral [[Sourendra Nath Kohli]] taking over as the Chief of the Naval Staff, Cursetji took command of the [[Western Naval Command]]. He was promoted to the substantive rank of vice admiral on 1 March that year.<ref name="VADM_subs">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=724  |date=30 June 1973 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
On 27 February 1973, with Admiral [[Sourendra Nath Kohli]] taking over as the Chief of the Naval Staff, Cursetji took command of the [[Western Naval Command]]. He was promoted to the substantive rank of vice admiral on 1 March that year.<ref name="VADM_subs">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=724  |date=30 June 1973 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>


===Chief of Naval Staff===
===Chief of Naval Staff===
In January 1976, the [[Government of India]] announced that Cursetji would be the next [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]].<ref name="CNS">{{cite web |title=CURSETJI APPOINTED NEW CHIEF OF NAVAL STAFF |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1976-JAN-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1976-01-22_021.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=22 January 1976}}</ref> He took over from Admiral Sourendra Nath Kohli on 1 March 1976. Soon after taking over as Chief, Cursetji and the [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chief of the Air Staff]] [[Air Chief Marshal (India)|Air Chief Marshal]] [[Hrushikesh Moolgavkar]] discussed about the handing over of the [[maritime reconnaissance]] role from the [[Indian Air Force]] to the Indian Navy. In accordance with this, the [[Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation]] aircraft of the [[No. 6 Squadron IAF]] were transferred to the Navy. On 8 October 1976, Cursetji commissioned [[INAS 312]] at Goa.{{sfn|Hiranandani|1999}} With the increase in the [[Indian Naval Air Arm]] in Goa, in 1977, the Goa Naval area was upgraded and the Naval Officer in Charge Goa (NOIC GOA) was re-designated as Flag Officer Commanding Goa Area (FOGA), a [[two-star rank|two star]] appointment. The Southern Naval Area was also upgraded to a full command, under the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Naval Command]].{{sfn|Hiranandani|2005}}  
In January 1976, the [[Government of India]] announced that Cursetji would be the next [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]].<ref name="CNS">{{cite web |title=CURSETJI APPOINTED NEW CHIEF OF NAVAL STAFF |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1976-JAN-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1976-01-22_021.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=22 January 1976}}</ref> He took over from Admiral Sourendra Nath Kohli on 1 March 1976. Soon after taking over as Chief, Cursetji and the [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chief of the Air Staff]] [[Air Chief Marshal (India)|Air Chief Marshal]] [[Hrushikesh Moolgavkar]] discussed about the handing over of the [[maritime reconnaissance]] role from the [[Indian Air Force]] to the Indian Navy. In accordance with this, the [[Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation]] aircraft of the [[No. 6 Squadron IAF]] were transferred to the Navy. On 8 October 1976, Cursetji commissioned [[INAS 312]] at Goa.{{sfn|Hiranandani|1999}} With the increase in the [[Indian Naval Air Arm]] in Goa, in 1977, the Goa Naval area was upgraded and the Naval Officer in Charge Goa (NOIC GOA) was re-designated as Flag Officer Commanding Goa Area (FOGA), a [[two-star rank|two star]] appointment. The Southern Naval Area was also upgraded to a full command, under the [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Naval Command]].{{sfn|Hiranandani|2022}}


Under Cursetji's tenure, on 19 August 1978, the [[Indian Coast Guard]] (ICG) came into being. The new service was to function under the overall command and control of a Director General (DGICG).<ref>{{cite web |title=COAST GUARD TO BE FORMED IN AUGUST |url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-06-29_121.pdf |website=pibarchive.nic.in |date=29 June 1978}}</ref> Vice Admiral [[V. A. Kamath]] was selected as the founding [[Director General of the Indian Coast Guard]].<ref name="DGICG">{{cite web |title=VICE ADMIRAL KAMATH TAKES OVER COAST GUARD |url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-08-19_224.pdf |website=pibarchive.nic.in}}</ref> In October 1978, he was awarded the [[Legion of Merit]] by the [[United States Department of the Navy]] during his visit to the United States. He was the first recipient of the award.<ref>{{cite web |title=NAVAL CHIEF TO VISIT UNITED STATES |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-SEP-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1978-10-06_058.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=6 October 1978}}</ref><ref name="gb-aow" /> Later that year, he laid down the keel of the first indigenously designed frigate {{ship|INS|Godavari|F20}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=INDIA DESIGNS ITS FIRST FRIGATE |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-06-01_089.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=1 June 1978}}</ref>  
Under Cursetji's tenure, on 19 August 1978, the [[Indian Coast Guard]] (ICG) came into being. The new service was to function under the overall command and control of a Director General (DGICG).<ref>{{cite web |title=COAST GUARD TO BE FORMED IN AUGUST |url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-06-29_121.pdf |website=pibarchive.nic.in |date=29 June 1978}}</ref> Vice Admiral [[V. A. Kamath]] was selected as the founding [[Director General of the Indian Coast Guard]].<ref name="DGICG">{{cite web |title=VICE ADMIRAL KAMATH TAKES OVER COAST GUARD |url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-08-19_224.pdf |website=pibarchive.nic.in}}</ref> In October 1978, he was awarded the [[Legion of Merit]] by the [[United States Department of the Navy]] during his visit to the United States. He was the first recipient of the award.<ref>{{cite web |title=NAVAL CHIEF TO VISIT UNITED STATES |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-SEP-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1978-10-06_058.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=6 October 1978}}</ref><ref name="gb-aow" /> Later that year, he laid down the keel of the first indigenously designed frigate {{ship|INS|Godavari|F20}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=INDIA DESIGNS ITS FIRST FRIGATE |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-06-01_089.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=1 June 1978}}</ref>


After a full three-year tenure, Cursetji retired on 28 February 1979.<ref name=irfc-jcursetji>{{cite web|url=http://www.irfc-nausena.nic.in/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=84|title=Admiral Jal Cursetji, PVSM|publisher=Information Resource Facilitation Centre, Indian Navy|access-date=2011-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419154106/http://www.irfc-nausena.nic.in/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=84|archive-date=19 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
After a full three-year tenure, Cursetji retired on 28 February 1979.<ref name=irfc-jcursetji>{{cite web|url=http://www.irfc-nausena.nic.in/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=84|title=Admiral Jal Cursetji, PVSM|publisher=Information Resource Facilitation Centre, Indian Navy|access-date=2011-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419154106/http://www.irfc-nausena.nic.in/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=84|archive-date=19 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==Personal life and legacy==
==Personal life and legacy==
Cursetji married Navaz Dallas in 1955. The couple had two daughters - Meher Cursetji Rafaat and Rashida Cursetji Mendu.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bhada |first1=Commodore M. |title=Remembering Admiral Jal Cursetji, PVSM |url=https://parsi-times.com/2019/05/remembering-admiral-jal-cursetji-pvsm/ |website=Parsi Times |date=2019-05-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=THE ADMIRAL FATHER |journal=Quarterdeck |issue=2020}}</ref> He died in Mumbai in January 1991.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NkkdAQAAIAAJ&q=Jal+Cursetji+1991&dq=Jal+Cursetji+1991&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRu977rPjhAhVTt3EKHTXLCPEQ6AEIPDAD Bulletin Hydrographique International, page 161]</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ninth CNS Admiral Jal Cursetji remembered on birth centenary |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/ninth-cns-admiral-jal-cursetji-remembered-on-birth-centenary-5739390/ |website=The Indian Express |language=en |date=2019-05-21}}</ref>
Cursetji married Navaz Dallas in 1955. The couple had two daughters - Meher Cursetji Rafaat and Rashida Cursetji Mendu.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bhada |first1=Commodore M. |title=Remembering Admiral Jal Cursetji, PVSM |url=https://parsi-times.com/2019/05/remembering-admiral-jal-cursetji-pvsm/ |website=Parsi Times |date=2019-05-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=THE ADMIRAL FATHER |journal=Quarterdeck |issue=2022}}</ref> He died in Mumbai in January 1991.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=NkkdAQAAIAAJ&q=Jal+Cursetji+1991&dq=Jal+Cursetji+1991&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRu977rPjhAhVTt3EKHTXLCPEQ6AEIPDAD Bulletin Hydrographique International, page 161]</ref><ref name="indianexpress.com">{{cite web |title=Ninth CNS Admiral Jal Cursetji remembered on birth centenary |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/ninth-cns-admiral-jal-cursetji-remembered-on-birth-centenary-5739390/ |website=The Indian Express |language=en |date=2019-05-21}}</ref>


The Admiral Jal Cursetji rolling trophy, awarded to the best survey ship is named for him.<ref>{{cite web |title=INS Investigator awarded Admiral Jal Cursetji Trophy {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/ins-investigator-awarded-admiral-jal-cursetji-trophy |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref> The Western Naval Command held a talk to observe the birth centenary of Cursetji in 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ninth CNS Admiral Jal Cursetji remembered on birth centenary |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/ninth-cns-admiral-jal-cursetji-remembered-on-birth-centenary-5739390/ |website=The Indian Express |language=en |date=2019-05-21}}</ref>
The Admiral Jal Cursetji rolling trophy, awarded to the best survey ship is named for him.<ref>{{cite web |title=INS Investigator awarded Admiral Jal Cursetji Trophy {{!}} Indian Navy |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/ins-investigator-awarded-admiral-jal-cursetji-trophy |website=www.indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref> The Western Naval Command held a talk to observe the birth centenary of Cursetji in 2019.<ref name="indianexpress.com"/>


==Dates of rank==
==Dates of rank==
Line 92: Line 92:
==See also==
==See also==
* [[Indian Naval Hydrographic Department]]
* [[Indian Naval Hydrographic Department]]
* [[INS Vikrant (R11)]]


==References==
==References==
Line 103: Line 102:
*{{citation|first1=G.M.|last1=Hiranandani|title=Transition to Triumph: History of the Indian Navy, 1965-1975|year=1999|isbn= 978-1897829721|publisher= Spantech & Lancer}}
*{{citation|first1=G.M.|last1=Hiranandani|title=Transition to Triumph: History of the Indian Navy, 1965-1975|year=1999|isbn= 978-1897829721|publisher= Spantech & Lancer}}
*{{citation|first1=G M|last1=Hiranandani|title=Transition to eminence : the Indian navy 1976-1990|year=2005|isbn=978-8170622666|publisher=Lancer Publishers}}
*{{citation|first1=G M|last1=Hiranandani|title=Transition to eminence : the Indian navy 1976-1990|year=2005|isbn=978-8170622666|publisher=Lancer Publishers}}


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
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{{s-aft|rows=2|after=[[Elenjikal Chandy Kuruvila]]}}
{{s-aft|rows=2|after=[[Elenjikal Chandy Kuruvila]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[V. A. Kamath]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[V. A. Kamath]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[INS_Vikrant_(R11)#Commanding_officers|Commanding Officer INS Vikrant]]|years=1966-1967}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[INS Vikrant (1961)#Commanding officers|Commanding Officer INS Vikrant]]|years=1966-1967}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


{{Chief of Defence Staff (India)}}
{{Chief_of_the_Naval_Staff_(India)}}
{{Chief_of_the_Naval_Staff_(India)}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Cursetji, Jal}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cursetji, Jal}}
[[Category:1919 births]]
[[Category:1919 births]]
[[Category:1991 deaths]]
[[Category:1991 deaths]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Merit]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Merit]]
[[Category:Parsi people]]
[[Category:Parsi people]]
[[Category:People from Jabalpur]]
[[Category:Royal Indian Navy officers]]
[[Category:Royal Indian Navy officers]]
[[Category:Chiefs of Personnel (India)]]
[[Category:Chiefs of Personnel (India)]]
[[Category:Indian naval attachés]]

Revision as of 13:24, 1 November 2022

Admiral

Jal Cursetji

PVSM
Born(1919-05-20)20 May 1919
Jabalpur, Jubbulpore Division, Central Provinces and Berar, British Raj
(now Madhya Pradesh, India)[1]
Died29 January 1991(1991-01-29) (aged 71)
Bombay, Maharashtra, India
(now Mumbai)
Allegiance British India (1938–1947)
 India (1947–1979)
Service/branch Royal Indian Navy (1938–1947)
 Indian Navy (1947–1979)
Years of service1938–1979
Rank Admiral
Commands heldWestern Naval Command
INS Vikrant (1961)
11th Destroyer squadron
INS Rajput (D141)
INS Investigator
HMIS Bombay (J249)
Battles/warsWorld War II
Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
Awards Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Legion of Merit[2]

Admiral Jal Cursetji, PVSM (20 May 1919 – 29 January 1991) was a former Flag Officer in the Indian Navy. He served as the ninth Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS) from 1 March 1976 until 28 February 1979. He was the first hydrographer to serve as the CNS.

Born in a Parsi family in Jabalpur, Cursetji joined the Training Ship Dufferin in 1935, where his batchmate was Nilakanta Krishnan. After training on various ships of the Royal Navy, he served on the Aubrietia-class sloop HMIS Clive (L79) and the Bathurst-class corvette HMIS Bombay (J249). In 1944, he commanded HMIS Bombay. After specialising in hydrography in the United Kingdom, he was tasked with the planning of setting up a hydrographic office in India. He served as the Surveyor-in-Charge, Marine Survey of India and commanded the survey ship INS Investigator. He was the first Indian to serve as the Chief Hydrographer of the Navy, from 1955 to 1957.

Cursetji subsequently commanded the 11th destroyer squadron and the lead ship INS Rajput (D141) and served for about four years as the Naval attaché at the Embassy of India, Washington, D.C., from 1961 to 1965. Returning to India, he commanded the aircraft carrier INS Vikrant from 1966 to 1967. Promoted to flag rank in 1967, he took over as Chief of Personnel at Naval headquarters. In 1970, he was appointed the Vice Chief of the Naval Staff and served in this appointment during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.

Cursetji served as the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Naval Command from 1973 to 1976, before taking over as the Chief of Naval Staff. During his tenure as the CNS, the maritime reconnaissance role was taken over by the Navy, the Indian Coast Guard came into being and the Goa Naval area was established. The Southern Naval Area was also upgraded into a full-fledged command. Cursetji was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 1971 and was the first recipient from the Indian Navy of the Legion of Merit.

Early life

Cursetji was born in 1919 in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh in a Parsi family. He attended the St. Aloysius Senior Secondary School in Jabalpur. In 1935, he was successful in the entrance examination and joined the Indian Mercantile Marine Training Ship (IMMTS) Dufferin. After two years, he took the examination for entry into the Navy. He was one of the two cadets who were successful and joined the Royal Navy - the other being Nilakanta Krishnan.[3]

Naval career

Cursetji embarked for the United Kingdom and joined the monitor HMS Erebus (I02). Subsequently he trained on board the Hawkins-class cruiser HMS Vindictive (1918). In late 1938, after the end of his training, he was promoted to the rank of midshipman and posted to the HMS Foxhound (H69), a part of the 8th Destroyer Flotilla.[4]

World War II

In 1939, Cursetji was serving on the Foxhound during the outbreak of World War II. In late 1939, he was transferred to the County-class cruiser HMS Suffolk (55), which was a part of the Northern Patrol.[5] He served onboard the Suffolk when she participated in the Norwegian Campaign. In April 1940, the ship arrived at Tórshavn to commence the British pre-emptive occupation of the Faroe Islands and she sank the German tanker Skagerrak northwest of Bodø, Norway. Later in the month, Suffolk and four destroyers, HMS Kipling (F91), HMS Juno (F46), HMS Janus (F53) and HMS Hereward (H93), were sent to bombard the airfield at Sola, Norway. The operation had little effect and the retaliation from German bombers severely damaged the aft of the ship, forcing her to return to Scapa Flow. He was subsequently transferred to the Renown-class battlecruiser HMS Repulse (1916).[6]

Cursetji was commissioned as an acting sub-lieutenant in the RIN on 1 April 1940, with confirmation as a sub-lieutenant on 1 September 1940 (pre-dated from 1 April).[7][8] He qualified as a Hydrography Specialist in the United Kingdom, and was promoted to lieutenant on 1 October 1941.[9] He was transferred to the Aubrietia-class sloop HMIS Clive (L79).[10] He subsequently served on the Bathurst-class corvette HMIS Bombay (J249).[11] In early 1944, he took command of the Bombay.[12]

Post-Independence

After the independence of India, Cursetji opted to join the Indian Navy. He was the senior most Indian officer in the Hydrographic Survey branch, and took part in the coastal surveys of Burma, Malaya and Indonesia. In April 1949, then an acting Commander, he was sent to the United Kingdom to prepare a report on establishing a Hydrographic office in India. After spending about a year, he returned in early 1950 and submitted his report to Naval HQ.[13] The Marine Survey of India (MSI) was established in 1874 in Calcutta and was responsible for the hydrographic surveys. It was headed by the Surveyor-in-Charge.[14]

In 1950, Cursetji took over as the Surveyor-in-Charge of the Marine Survey of India. He headed the MSI for about three years, till 1953. After relinquishing charge, he took command of the survey ship INS Investigator. On 1 Jun 1954, MSI was relocated to Dehradun, its present location, and was renamed Naval Hydrographic Office. The appointment of Surveyor-in-Charge Marine Survey of India was re-designated Chief Hydrographer of the Navy.[14] On 15 November 1955, he was promoted to acting rank of captain and appointed the Chief Hydrographer of the Navy.[15][16] He was the second incumbent and the first Indian to hold the appointment. This appointment was later re-designated Chief Hydrographer to the Government of India in 1964. Cursetji served as the Chief Hydrographer till November 1957.[14]

On 5 November 1957, Cursetji was appointed Captain (D) 11th Destroyer Squadron as well as the Commanding Officer of the lead destroyer of the squadron, INS Rajput (D141). Apart from the Rajput, the flotilla consisted of INS Ranjit (1949) and INS Rana (1942).[17] Later that year, on 31 December, he was promoted to the substantive rank of captain.[18] In 1961, Cursetji was appointed the first Naval attaché at the Embassy of India, Washington, D.C. The Ambassador of India to the United States during his tenure was Braj Kumar Nehru.[19] He simultaneously held the office of Naval adviser to the High Commissioner of India to Canada in Ottawa. He spent about four years in this appointment, till 1965. After returning to India, he was appointed CAPBRAX (captain naval barracks) and Commanding Officer of INS Angre. After a short stint, Cursetji was appointed the fourth commanding officer of the flagship of the Indian Navy - INS Vikrant, then the only aircraft carrier in Asia. He took over from Captain V. A. Kamath on 4 November 1966.[20] In mid-1967, he led the ship in large air-sea exercises in the Arabian Sea which was witnessed by the Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi.[21]

Flag rank

On 8 December 1967, he relinquished command of the Vikrant, handing over to Captain E. C. Kuruvila. Cursetji was promoted to the acting rank of rear admiral and took over as the Chief of Personnel (COP) at Naval Headquarters.[22] Taking over from Rear Admiral K. R. Nair, he served as COP for little over two years. In early 1970, Cursetji was appointed the third Vice Chief of the Naval Staff. He was promoted to the acting rank of vice admiral and took over from his batchmate Vice Admiral Nilakanta Krishnan on 20 February 1970.[23][24] On 26 January 1971, he was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal for distinguished service of the highest order. He served as the VCNS during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.[25] In August 1972, he led a delegation to the Soviet Union to negotiate the acquisition of ship and aircraft. The Maritime reconnaissance aircraft Ilyushin Il-38 was acquired durin

On 27 February 1973, with Admiral Sourendra Nath Kohli taking over as the Chief of the Naval Staff, Cursetji took command of the Western Naval Command. He was promoted to the substantive rank of vice admiral on 1 March that year.[26]

Chief of Naval Staff

In January 1976, the Government of India announced that Cursetji would be the next Chief of the Naval Staff.[27] He took over from Admiral Sourendra Nath Kohli on 1 March 1976. Soon after taking over as Chief, Cursetji and the Chief of the Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Hrushikesh Moolgavkar discussed about the handing over of the maritime reconnaissance role from the Indian Air Force to the Indian Navy. In accordance with this, the Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation aircraft of the No. 6 Squadron IAF were transferred to the Navy. On 8 October 1976, Cursetji commissioned INAS 312 at Goa.[28] With the increase in the Indian Naval Air Arm in Goa, in 1977, the Goa Naval area was upgraded and the Naval Officer in Charge Goa (NOIC GOA) was re-designated as Flag Officer Commanding Goa Area (FOGA), a two star appointment. The Southern Naval Area was also upgraded to a full command, under the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Naval Command.[29]

Under Cursetji's tenure, on 19 August 1978, the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) came into being. The new service was to function under the overall command and control of a Director General (DGICG).[30] Vice Admiral V. A. Kamath was selected as the founding Director General of the Indian Coast Guard.[31] In October 1978, he was awarded the Legion of Merit by the United States Department of the Navy during his visit to the United States. He was the first recipient of the award.[32][2] Later that year, he laid down the keel of the first indigenously designed frigate INS Godavari (F20).[33]

After a full three-year tenure, Cursetji retired on 28 February 1979.[34]

Personal life and legacy

Cursetji married Navaz Dallas in 1955. The couple had two daughters - Meher Cursetji Rafaat and Rashida Cursetji Mendu.[35][36] He died in Mumbai in January 1991.[37][38]

The Admiral Jal Cursetji rolling trophy, awarded to the best survey ship is named for him.[39] The Western Naval Command held a talk to observe the birth centenary of Cursetji in 2019.[38]

Dates of rank

Insignia Rank Component Date of rank
Sub-lieutenant Royal Indian Navy 1 April 1940[7]
Lieutenant Royal Indian Navy 1 October 1941[9]
Lieutenant-Commander Royal Indian Navy 1 October 1949 (substantive)[40]
Lieutenant Commander Indian Navy 26 January 1950 (recommissioning and change in insginia)[41][42]
Commander Indian Navy 30 June 1952.[43]
Captain Indian Navy 15 November 1955 (acting)[15]
31 December 1957 (substantive)[18]
Rear Admiral Indian Navy 18 December 1967 (acting; paid from 1 March 1968)[44]
22 November 1969 (substantive)[45]
Vice-Admiral Indian Navy 20 February 1970 (acting)[23]
1 March 1973 (substantive)[26]
Admiral Indian Navy
(CNS)		 1 March 1976

See also

References

  1. ↑ Abidi & Sharma 2022.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Stewart, William (26 November 2014). Admirals of the World. p. 85. ISBN 9780786482887. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
  3. ↑ Krishnan 2014, p. 16-23.
  4. ↑ Krishnan 2014, p. 25-28.
  5. ↑ Krishnan 2014, p. 44.
  6. ↑ Krishnan 2014, p. 61.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 The Navy List: February 1941. HM Stationery Office. 1941. p. 817.
  8. ↑ The Navy List: December 1941. HM Stationery Office. 1941. p. 1056.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 The Navy List: December 1943. HM Stationery Office. 1941. p. 1802.
  10. ↑ "(253) - Navy lists > Bimonthly > 1943 > February > Volume 2 - British Military lists - National Library of Scotland". digital.nls.uk.
  11. ↑ "(1332) - Navy lists > Bimonthly > 1943 > December > Volume 2 - British Military lists - National Library of Scotland". digital.nls.uk.
  12. ↑ "(1387) - Navy lists > Bimonthly > 1944 > February > Volume 2 - British Military lists - National Library of Scotland". digital.nls.uk.
  13. ↑ Singh 1986.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Brief History – Indian Naval Hydrographic Office". hydrobharat.gov.in.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 http://www.hydrobharat.nic.in/pdf/charting.pdf[permanent dead link]
  16. ↑ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 24 March 1956. p. 60.
  17. ↑ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 28 December 1957. p. 335.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 29 November 1958. p. 268.
  19. ↑ "Welcome to Embassy of India, Washington D C, USA". www.indianembassyusa.gov.in.
  20. ↑ "CURSETJI NEW COMMANDING OFFICER OF NAVY'S FLAGSHIP" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 4 November 1966.
  21. ↑ "PRIME MINISTER TO WITNESS NAVAL EXERCISES" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 19 September 1967.
  22. ↑ "COMMODORE KRISHNAN NEW NAVY VICE CHIEF" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 11 December 1967.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 4 April 1970. p. 450.
  24. ↑ "NEW NAVAL APPOINTMENTS" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 20 February 1970.
  25. ↑ "GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS FOR DEFENCE PERSONNEL" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 25 January 1971.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 30 June 1973. p. 724.
  27. ↑ "CURSETJI APPOINTED NEW CHIEF OF NAVAL STAFF" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 22 January 1976.
  28. ↑ Hiranandani 1999.
  29. ↑ Hiranandani 2022.
  30. ↑ "COAST GUARD TO BE FORMED IN AUGUST" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in. 29 June 1978.
  31. ↑ "VICE ADMIRAL KAMATH TAKES OVER COAST GUARD" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in.
  32. ↑ "NAVAL CHIEF TO VISIT UNITED STATES" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 6 October 1978.
  33. ↑ "INDIA DESIGNS ITS FIRST FRIGATE" (PDF). archive.pib.gov.in. 1 June 1978.
  34. ↑ "Admiral Jal Cursetji, PVSM". Information Resource Facilitation Centre, Indian Navy. Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  35. ↑ Bhada, Commodore M. (18 May 2019). "Remembering Admiral Jal Cursetji, PVSM". Parsi Times.
  36. ↑ "THE ADMIRAL FATHER". Quarterdeck (2022).
  37. ↑ Bulletin Hydrographique International, page 161
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 "Ninth CNS Admiral Jal Cursetji remembered on birth centenary". The Indian Express. 21 May 2019.
  39. ↑ "INS Investigator awarded Admiral Jal Cursetji Trophy | Indian Navy". www.indiannavy.nic.in.
  40. ↑ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 5 November 1949. p. 1547.
  41. ↑ "New Designs of Crests and Badges in the Services" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2017.
  42. ↑ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 11 February 1950. p. 227.
  43. ↑ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 19 July 1952. p. 155.
  44. ↑ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 13 April 1968. p. 316.
  45. ↑ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch)". The Gazette of India. 28 March 1970. p. 418.

Bibliography

  • Abidi, S Sartaj Alam; Sharma, Satinder (2007), Services Chiefs of India, Northern Book Centre, ISBN 978-8172111625
  • Krishnan, Arjun (2014), A Sailor's story, Punya Publications, ISBN 978-8189534141
  • Singh, Satyindra (1986), Under Two Ensigns: The Indian Navy, 1945-1950, Oxford & IBH Pub. Co, ISBN 978-8120400948
  • Hiranandani, G.M. (1999), Transition to Triumph: History of the Indian Navy, 1965-1975, Spantech & Lancer, ISBN 978-1897829721
  • Hiranandani, G M (2005), Transition to eminence : the Indian navy 1976-1990, Lancer Publishers, ISBN 978-8170622666
Military offices
Preceded by
Sourendra Nath Kohli 		Chief of the Naval Staff
1976–1979 		Succeeded by
Ronald Lynsdale Pereira
Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Naval Command
1973-1976
Preceded by
Nilakanta Krishnan 		Vice Chief of the Naval Staff
1970-1973 		Succeeded by
V. A. Kamath
Preceded by
K. R. Nair 		Chief of Personnel
1967-1970 		Succeeded by
Elenjikal Chandy Kuruvila
Preceded by
V. A. Kamath 		Commanding Officer INS Vikrant
1966-1967
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