Delhi-class destroyer: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Indian class of warships}}
{{short description|Indian class of warships}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}


{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=File:INS Delhi.jpg
| Ship image = INS Delhi-1.JPG
|Ship caption=INS ''Delhi'' during Defence of Gujarat in 2013.
| Ship caption = INS ''Delhi'' underway
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name= ''Delhi'' class
| Name = ''Delhi'' class
|Builders= [[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
| Builders = [[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
|Operators= {{navy|IND}}
| Operators = {{navy|IND}}
|Class before= {{sclass-|Rajput|destroyer|4}}
| Class before = {{sclass|Rajput|destroyer|4}}
|Class after= {{sclass-|Kolkata|destroyer|4}}
| Class after = {{sclass|Kolkata|destroyer|4}}
|Subclasses=
| Subclasses =  
|Cost=
| Cost =  
|Built range= 1987–2001
| Built range = 1987–2001
|In service range=
| In service range =  
|In commission range= 1997–present
| In commission range = 1997–present
|Total ships building=
| Total ships building =  
|Total ships planned= 3
| Total ships planned = 3
|Total ships completed= 3
| Total ships completed = 3
|Total ships cancelled=
| Total ships cancelled =  
|Total ships active= 3
| Total ships active = 3
|Total ships laid up=
| Total ships laid up =  
|Total ships lost=
| Total ships lost =  
|Total ships retired=
| Total ships retired =  
|Total ships preserved=
| Total ships preserved =  
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
| Hide header =  
|Header caption=
| Header caption =  
|Ship type= [[Guided-missile destroyer]]
| Ship type = [[Guided-missile destroyer]]
|Ship displacement=6,200 tonnes (full)<ref name="in-destroyers">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |title=IN Ships-Destroyers-Delhi Class |publisher=Indian Navy |access-date=2011-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127113140/http://indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |archive-date=27 January 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| Ship displacement = 6,200 tonnes (full)<ref name="in-destroyers">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |title=IN Ships-Destroyers-Delhi Class |publisher=Indian Navy |access-date=2011-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127113140/http://indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |archive-date=27 January 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
|Ship tons burthen=
| Ship length = {{convert|163|m|ft|abbr=on}} <ref name="in-destroyers"/>
|Ship length= {{convert|163|m|ft|abbr=on}} <ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship beam = {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
|Ship beam= {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship height =  
|Ship height=
| Ship draught = {{convert|6.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
|Ship draught= {{convert|6.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship draft =  
|Ship draft=
| Ship power =  
|Ship power=
| Ship propulsion = *2 × [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E propulsion plants with DT-59 gas turbines {{convert|82,820|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=*4 × [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E propulsion plant with DT-59 gas turbines<ref name="cag_2017">{{cite web |title=Report No. 20 of 2017 (Navy and Coast Guard) |url=https://cag.gov.in/uploads/download_audit_report/2017/Chapter_3_Ministry_of_Defence_Indian_Navy_of_Report_No.20_of_2017_Compliance_audit_Union_Government_Defence_Services_Navy_and_Coast_Guard.pdf |website=Comptroller and Auditor General of India |publisher=Comptroller and Auditor General of India |access-date=10 March 2021}}</ref> {{convert|82,820|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
* 2 shafts with [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|cp props]]<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
* 2 shafts with [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|cp props]]<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
|Ship speed={{convert|32|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship speed = {{convert|32|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
|Ship range= {{convert|4500|mi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|18|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship range = {{convert|4500|mi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|18|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
|Ship endurance=
| Ship endurance =  
|Ship complement= 350 (incl 40 officers)<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship complement = 350 (incl 40 officers)<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
|Ship sensors=*MR-755 Fregat-MAE E-band air and surface search radar
| Ship sensors = *MR-755 Fregat-MAE E-band air and surface search radar
* BEL RAWL (Signal LW08) D-band air search radar
* BEL RAWL (Signaal LW08) D-band air search radar
* 3 × MR-212/201 I-band navigation radars
* 3 × MR-212/201 I-band navigation radars
* 6 × MR-90 Orekh G-band [[Fire-control radar|fire-control]] radars (FCR)
* 6 × MR-90 Orekh G-band [[Fire-control radar|fire-control]] radars (FCR)
* MR-184 I/J-band FCR
* MR-184 I/J-band FCR
* 2 × EL/M-2221 FCR (D60 and D61)
* 2 × EL/M-2221 FCR (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
* 2 × MR-123-02 I/J-band FCR (D62)
* 2 × MR-123-02 I/J-band FCR (INS Mumbai)
* Granit Garpun B FCR
* Granit Garpun B FCR
* BEL HUMVAD hull-mounted sonar (D60 and D61)
* BEL HUMVAD hull-mounted sonar (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
* BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar (D62)
* BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar (INS Mumbai)
* Thales Advanced Towed Array Sonar (D62)<ref name="jfs-0809"/>
* Thales Advanced Towed Array Sonar (INS Mumbai)<ref name="jfs-0809"/>
|Ship EW= *BEL Ajanta Mk 2 [[Electronic warfare support measures|ESM]]
| Ship EW = *BEL Ajanta Mk 2 [[Electronic warfare support measures|ESM]]
* Elettronica TQN-2 jammer
* Elettronica TQN-2 jammer
* 2 PK2 chaff launchers
* 2 PK2 chaff launchers
* Towed decoys<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
* Towed decoys<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
|Ship armament=*16 × Kh-35E SSM
| Ship armament = *16 × [[Kh-35E]] SSM or
* 16 × Barak 1 (D60 and D61)
*8 × [[BrahMos]]
* 32 × [[Barak]] 1 (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
* 2 × Shtil SAM systems (48 missiles)
* 2 × Shtil SAM systems (48 missiles)
* 100 mm AK-100 gun
* 100 mm [[AK-100 Naval gun|AK-100]] gun
* 2 × 30 mm AK-630 gatling guns (4 in D62)
* 2 × 30 mm AK-630 gatling guns (4 in INS Mumbai)
* 2 × [[RBU-6000]] rocket launchers
* 2 × [[RBU-6000]] rocket launchers
* Quintuple 533mm torpedo tubes
* Quintuple 533mm torpedo tubes
* 2 rails of depth charges<ref name="jfs-0809">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009|date=2008|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710628459|page=324|edition=111th|chapter=India}}</ref>
* 2 rails of depth charges<ref name="jfs-0809">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009|date=2008|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710628459|page=324|edition=111th|chapter=India}}</ref>
|Ship armour=
| Ship armour =  
|Ship armor=
| Ship armor =  
|Ship aircraft= 2 × [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship aircraft = 2 × [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
|Ship aircraft facilities=
| Ship aircraft facilities =  
}}
}}
|}
|}
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==Development==
==Development==
The design and development of the ship class began as "Project 15" in 1980. Initially, the ships were planned to be follow-on frigates of the {{sclass-|Godavari|frigate|4}} with the addition of [[RBU-6000]] [[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]] rocket launchers and gas turbine propulsion. A Soviet offer in 1983 for reversible gas turbines and modern weapon systems forced a redesign of the ships from 3,500 tonne frigates to 6,300 tonne destroyers.<ref name="hiranandani2">{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to eminence: The Indian Navy 1976–1990|date=2009|publisher=Lancer|location=Delhi|pages=50–51|isbn=9788170622666|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1WxI9TlAxIQC&pg=PA50}}</ref> Directorate of Naval Design completed the design around the mid 1980s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991–2000|publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC|isbn=9781935501664|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w2snz5Cfb0gC&pg=RA2-PT183|language=en}}</ref> Model tests were carried out at SSPA, Sweden in 1985 and parallelly at Krylov Institute, [[Soviet Union]] in 1986. [[Severnoye Design Bureau]] provided design inputs for weapons and propulsion packages. The mutual interface suppression system for electromagnetic compatibility was supplied by the Soviets.<ref name="hiranandani2"/> The break-up of Soviet Union affected the supply of weapon systems, contributing to a three-year delay in the construction of vessels.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/>
The design and development of the ship class began as "Project 15" in 1980. Initially, the ships were planned to be follow-on frigates of the {{sclass|Godavari|frigate|4}} with the addition of [[RBU-6000]] [[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]] rocket launchers and gas turbine propulsion. A Soviet offer in 1983 for reversible gas turbines and modern weapon systems forced a redesign of the ships from 3,500 tonne frigates to 6,300 tonne destroyers.<ref name="hiranandani2">{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to eminence: The Indian Navy 1976–1990|date=2009|publisher=Lancer|location=Delhi|pages=50–51|isbn=9788170622666|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1WxI9TlAxIQC&pg=PA50}}</ref> Directorate of Naval Design completed the design around the mid 1980s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991–2000|publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC|isbn=9781935501664|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w2snz5Cfb0gC&pg=RA2-PT183|language=en}}</ref> Model tests were carried out at SSPA, Sweden in 1985 and parallelly at Krylov Institute, [[Soviet Union]] in 1986. [[Severnoye Design Bureau]] provided design inputs for weapons and propulsion packages. The mutual interface suppression system for electromagnetic compatibility was supplied by the Soviets.<ref name="hiranandani2"/> The break-up of Soviet Union affected the supply of weapon systems, contributing to a three-year delay in the construction of vessels.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/>


==Design and description==
==Design and description==
''Delhi'' class has been described as a stretched {{sclass-|Rajput|destroyer|4}} with some elements incorporated from ''Godavari''-class frigates and {{sclass-|Sovremennyy|destroyer|2}}s.<ref name="jfs-0405"/><ref name="miltech-nov04">{{cite magazine|last=Annati|first=Massimo|date=November 2004|volume=28|issue=11|title=The Asian DDG Race|magazine=Military Technology|pages=31–39|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226}}</ref> The fore [[Funnel (ship)|funnel]] is placed on the port side, while the aft funnel is placed on the starboard.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The propulsion system consists of two [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E gas turbine plants driving two [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|controllable-pitch propellers]]. Each gas turbine plant comprises two DT-59 reversible gas turbines connected to an RG-54 gearbox in a [[combined gas and gas]] system and is placed in a separate engine room.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> The vessels are equipped for operation in a [[nuclear, biological and chemical warfare]] environment.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/> ''Delhi''-class vessels are fitted with flag facilities, enabling them to act as command unit in task groups.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> {{INS|Mysore|D60|6}} features better air conditioning facilities to correct heat dissipation issues encountered while operationalising {{INS|Delhi|D61|6}}.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Indian destroyer set for commission |journal=Jane's International Defense Review |date=1 April 1999 |volume=32 |issue=4 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Coulsdon |issn=14762129}}</ref>
 
''Delhi'' class has been described as a stretched {{sclass|Rajput|destroyer|4}} with some elements incorporated from ''Godavari''-class frigates and {{sclass|Sovremennyy|destroyer|2}}s.<ref name="jfs-0405"/><ref name="miltech-nov04">{{cite journal|last=Annati|first=Massimo|date=November 2004|volume=28|issue=11|title=The Asian DDG Race|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/199087688|journal=Military Technology|url-access=subscription|pages=31–39|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226|oclc=137343253|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The fore [[Funnel (ship)|funnel]] is placed on the port side, while the aft funnel is placed on the starboard.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The propulsion system consists of two [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E gas turbine plants driving two [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|controllable-pitch propellers]]. Each gas turbine plant comprises two DT-59 reversible gas turbines connected to an RG-54 gearbox in a [[combined gas and gas]] system and is placed in a separate engine room.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> The vessels are equipped for operation in a [[nuclear, biological and chemical warfare]] environment.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/> ''Delhi''-class vessels are fitted with flag facilities, enabling them to act as command unit in task groups.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> {{INS|Mysore|D60|6}} features better air conditioning facilities to correct heat dissipation issues encountered while operationalising {{INS|Delhi|D61|6}}.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Indian destroyer set for commission |journal=Jane's International Defense Review |date=1 April 1999 |volume=32 |issue=4 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Coulsdon |issn=1476-2129}}</ref>


===Armament===
===Armament===


For air defence role ''Delhi'' class is fitted with [[Buk missile system#3S90 "Uragan" / M-22|9K-90 ''Uragan'']] [[Anti-aircraft warfare|air-defence]] system comprising a pair of 3S-90 single-arm launchers and [[Buk missile system#9М38 and 9М38M1 missile|9M38M1 ''Shtil'']] missiles. One launcher is installed forward of the bridge and the other atop the dual helicopter hangar. Each launcher carries a 24 missile magazine for a total of 48 rounds. MR-775 Fregat-MAE ([[NATO reporting name|NATO]]: Half Plate) radar provides target designation and 6 MR-90 ''Orekh'' (NATO: Front Dome) illuminators are used for fire control.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> The system can track twelve targets and engage a maximum of six tracked targets simultaneously.<ref name="miltech-sep98">{{cite magazine|last=Khan|first=M A|date=September 1998|volume=22|issue=9|title=DELHI and beyond|magazine=Military Technology|pages=68–70|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226}}</ref> Last-ditch missile defence is provided by a [[close-in weapon system]] consisting of four [[AK-630]] rotary cannons guided by two MR-123-02 (NATO: Bass Tilt) fire-control radars. A Signaal LW08 radar license produced by [[Bharat Electronics Limited|BEL]] as RAWL provides long range air search capability.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>
For air defence role, ''Delhi'' class is fitted with [[Buk missile system#Naval Versions|9K-90 ''Uragan'']] (NATO: SA-N-7 Gadfly) [[Anti-aircraft warfare|air-defence]] system comprising a pair of 3S-90 single-arm launchers and [[Buk missile system#9М38 and 9М38M1 missile|9M38M1 ''Shtil'']] missiles. One launcher is installed forward of the bridge and the other atop the dual helicopter hangar. Each launcher carries a 24 missile magazine for a total of 48 rounds. The missiles have {{convert|35|–|40|km}} range and feature [[semi-active radar homing]]. MR-775 Fregat-MAE ([[NATO reporting name|NATO]]: Half Plate) radar provides target designation and six MR-90/3R-90 ''Orekh'' (NATO: Front Dome) illuminators are used for fire control.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/><ref name="seaforth-2011"/> The system can track twelve targets and engage a maximum of six tracked targets simultaneously.<ref name="miltech-sep98">{{cite journal|last=Khan|first=M A|date=September 1998|volume=22|issue=9|title=DELHI and beyond|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/199041413|journal=Military Technology|url-access=subscription|pages=68–70|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226|oclc=137343253|via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Last-ditch missile defence is provided by [[AK-630]]-based [[close-in weapon system]], while ''Delhi'' and ''Mysore'' have been upgraded with an additional IAI/Rafael [[Barak 1]] [[point defence]] missile system. ''Mumbai'' has four [[AK-630]] rotary cannons surrounding the aft mast, which are guided by two MR-123-02 (NATO: Bass Tilt) fire-control radars. In ''Delhi'' and ''Mysore'', the two AK-630 mounts ahead of the aft mast have each been replaced by pair of eight-cell Barak 1 vertical launch systems, for a total of 32 missiles. The missiles have a range of {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} and use [[Command guidance#Command to Line-Of-Sight (CLOS)|command line-of-sight guidance]] provided by a pair of EL/M-2221 fire-control radars that replace MR-123-02 fire-control radars on upgraded ships. A Signaal LW08 radar license produced by [[Bharat Electronics Limited|BEL]] as RAWL provides long range air search capability.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>


The surface missile battery of ''Delhi'' class includes 16 [[Kh-35|Kh-35E ''Uran'']] missiles placed in four quadruple sloped launchers. The missiles are guided by a Granit Garpun B (NATO: Plank Shave) fire-control radar.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The missile battery was initially intended to be eight [[P-270 Moskit|3M80E ''Moskit'']] cruise missiles as evidenced by large blast deflectors present on the lead ship, INS ''Delhi''. A single [[AK-100 (naval gun)|AK-100]] gun guided by MR-184 fire-control system is also fitted.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>
The surface missile battery of ''Delhi'' class includes 16 [[Kh-35|Kh-35E ''Uran'']] missiles placed in four quadruple sloped launchers. The missiles feature [[active radar homing]] and are guided by a Granit Garpun B (NATO: Plank Shave) fire-control radar. They have a maximum range of {{convert|130|km}} and are capable of [[sea skimming]].<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The missile battery was initially intended to be eight [[P-270 Moskit|3M80E ''Moskit'']] cruise missiles as evidenced by large blast deflectors present on the lead ship, INS ''Delhi''. A single [[AK-100 (naval gun)|AK-100]] gun guided by MR-184/MR-145 fire-control system (NATO: Kite Screech), which comprises T-91E radar and Kondensor electro-optical sights, is also fitted.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/><ref name="seaforth-2011">{{cite book |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Mrityunjoy |editor1-last=Waters |editor1-first=Conrad |title=Seaforth World Naval Review 2011 |date=2010 |publisher=Seaforth |location=Barnsley |isbn=1848320752 |pages=102–119}}</ref>


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A quintuple {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on|order=flip|0}} trainable torpedo launcher capable of firing SET 65E active/passive homing torpedo and [[Type 53 torpedo|Type 53–65]] wake homing torpedo is placed in between the funnels.<ref>{{cite web|title=MDL's Major Programmes – SP's Naval Forces|url=http://www.spsnavalforces.com/story/?id=278|website=SP's Naval Forces|publisher=SP Guide Publications|language=en|date=September 2022}}</ref><ref name="jfs-0405"/> A pair of 12-tubed RBU-6000 213mm anti-submarine rocket launchers fitted in front of the bridge can engage submarines up to a range of {{convert|6|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/><ref name="jfs-0405"/> Detection is provided by BEL HUMVAD, an indigenous hull-mounted sonar with a variable depth transducer that offers better performance in the waters around India.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> An Indal Model 15-750 handling system manufactured by [[GRSE]] is used to deploy the variable depth sonar of HUMVAD.<ref name="jni-1sep97">{{cite magazine|date=1 September 1997|title=India {{!}} First Project 15 set to commission|magazine=Jane's Navy International|location=Coulsdon|publisher=Jane's Information Group|issn=1358-3719}}</ref> The final ship of the class, {{INS|Mumbai}}, is fitted with an improved ASW suite consisting of BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar and Thales ATAS towed array sonar.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>


A quintuple {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on|order=flip|0}} trainable torpedo launcher capable of firing SET 65E active/passive homing torpedo and [[Type 53 torpedo|Type 53–65]] wake homing torpedo is placed in between the funnels.<ref>{{cite web|title=MDL's Major Programmes – SP's Naval Forces|url=http://www.spsnavalforces.com/story/?id=278|website=SP's Naval Forces|publisher=SP Guide Publications|language=en|date=September 2013}}</ref><ref name="jfs-0405"/> A pair of 12-tubed RBU-6000 213mm anti-submarine rocket launchers fitted in front of the bridge can engage submarines up to a range of {{convert|6|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/><ref name="jfs-0405"/> Detection is provided by BEL HUMVAD, an indigenous hull-mounted sonar with a variable depth transducer that offers better performance in the waters around India.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> An Indal Model 15-750 handling system manufactured by [[GRSE]] is used to deploy the variable depth sonar of HUMVAD.<ref name="jni-1sep97">{{cite magazine|date=1 September 1997|title=India {{!}} First Project 15 set to commission|magazine=Jane's Navy International|location=Coulsdon|publisher=Jane's Information Group|issn=1358-3719}}</ref> The final ship of the class, {{INS|Mumbai}}, is fitted with an improved ASW suite consisting of BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar and Thales ATAS towed array sonar.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>
The electronic warfare suite originally consisted of BEL Ajanta Mk 2 for [[electronic support measures]], Elettronica TQN-2 jammer and two PK-2 chaff launchers of Russian origin.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The Ajanta Mk 2 system was later<!--Date is not provided in the source--> replaced by Ellora, which has an additional capability to provide [[electronic countermeasures]].<ref name="seaforth-2011"/> BEL Shikari combat display and management system, a derivative of Italian IPN-10, integrates weapon systems of diverse origin.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> Each vessel can carry two [[Westland Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters. The helicopters carry a surface search radar, a dipping sonar, [[A244-S]] lightweight torpedoes and [[Sea Eagle (missile)|Sea Eagle]] anti-ship missiles.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> Samahé helicopter handling system is fitted on all vessels.<ref name="jfs-0405"/>


The electronic warfare suite consists of BEL Ajanta Mk 2 for [[electronic support measures]], Elettronica TQN-2 jammer and two PK-2 chaff launchers of Russian origin.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> BEL Shikari combat display and management system, a derivative of Italian IPN-10, integrates weapon systems of diverse origin.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> Each vessel can carry two [[Westland Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters. The helicopters carry a surface search radar, a dipping sonar, [[A244-S]] lightweight torpedoes and [[Sea Eagle (missile)|Sea Eagle]] anti-ship missiles.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> Samahé helicopter handling system is fitted on all vessels.<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
===Modernisation===


===Modernisation===
As of April 2022, ''Mumbai'' is undergoing a mid-life refit that includes upgrades for several weapons and sensors. The Kh-35E ''Uran'' missiles will be replaced by BrahMos missiles, which was originally sanctioned in 2015 for two ships of this class. The Shtil-1 air defence system will replace the 9K-90 ''Uragan'', with Fregat M2EM radar replacing the Fregat-MAE. The Kite Screech fire control system of the AK-100 is being replaced by BEL Lynx U2. The electronics warfare system will be upgraded to Ellora Mk II, with [[Kavach (anti-missile system)|Kavach]] decoy launchers.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Mrityunjoy |title=Details emerge on INS Mumbai upgrade |url=https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/naval-warfare/details-emerge-ins-mumbai-upgrade/ |website=Shephard |access-date=17 April 2022 |language=en |date=29 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nod to new aircraft carrier, BrahMos missiles for six ships|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/nod-to-new-aircraft-carrier-brahmos-missiles-for-six-ships-115051301785_1.html|work=Business Standard|agency=IANS|date=13 May 2022}}</ref> Atlas Elektronik ACTAS towed-array sonar will be installed on all three ships.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Ajai|title=Sonar contract provides major boost to navy|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/sonar-contract-provides-major-boost-to-navy-114112500024_1.html|work=Business Standard|date=25 November 2014|location=New Delhi}}</ref>
[[INS Delhi (D61)]] is back in service after receiving its upgrades, recently BrahMos missile was tested from its new sloped Launchers.
 
===Relocation===


The ''Delhi'' class is being upgraded with the IAI/Rafael [[Barak 1]] point air defence missile system. A pair of eight-cell vertical launch system replaces two AK-630 mounts in front of the aft mast. The missiles have a range of {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} and use [[Command guidance#Command to Line-Of-Sight (CLOS)|command line-of-sight guidance]] provided by a pair of EL/M-2221 fire-control radars that replace MR-123-02 fire-control radars on upgraded ships.<ref name="jfs-0405"/><ref name="miltech-nov04"/> An upgrade to BrahMos supersonic missiles was sanctioned in 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nod to new aircraft carrier, BrahMos missiles for six ships|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/nod-to-new-aircraft-carrier-brahmos-missiles-for-six-ships-115051301785_1.html|work=Business Standard|agency=IANS|date=13 May 2015}}</ref> Atlas Elektronik ACTAS towed-array sonar will also be installed on all three ships.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Ajai|title=Sonar contract provides major boost to navy|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/sonar-contract-provides-major-boost-to-navy-114112500024_1.html|work=Business Standard|date=25 November 2014|location=New Delhi}}</ref>
The ''Delhi''-class destroyers will be re-based to the [[Eastern Naval Command]], [[Visakhapatnam]]. Along with {{sclass|Nilgiri|frigate|4||2022}}, these will form a part of the carrier battle group of {{INS|Vikrant|2013|2}}. {{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} had reached its new base by December 2021 and was undergoing refit.<ref name="delh-rebase">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/eastern-fleet-will-have-carrier-battle-group-vice-admiral/article37833874.ece|title=Eastern Fleet will have Carrier Battle Group: Vice Admiral|first=Sumit|last=Bhattacharjee|publisher=The Hindu|date=2021-12-04}}</ref>


==Ships of the class==
==Ships of the class==
Line 124: Line 129:
!Status
!Status
|-
|-
| {{INS|Delhi|D61|6}}
| {{INS|Delhi|D61|2}}
| D61
| D61
| rowspan=3|[[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
| rowspan=4|[[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
| 14 November 1987
| 14 November 1987
| 1 February 1991
| 1 February 1991
| 15 November 1997<ref name="jfs-0405">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005|date=2004|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710626233|page=308|edition=107th|chapter=India}}</ref>
| 15 November 1997<ref name="jfs-0405">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005|date=2004|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710626233|page=308|edition=107th|chapter=India}}</ref>
| rowspan="3" | [[Mumbai]]
| [[Mumbai]]
| rowspan="3" | Active
| rowspan="4" | Active
|-
| rowspan='2'|{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}}
| rowspan='2'|D60
| rowspan='2'|2 February 1991
| rowspan='2'|4 June 1993
| rowspan='2'|2 June 1999<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| [[Mumbai]] (erstwhile)
|-
|-
| {{INS|Mysore|D60|6}}
|[[Visakhapatnam]]
| D60
| 2 February 1991
| 4 June 1993
| 2 June 1999<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
|-
|-
| {{INS|Mumbai|D62|6}}
| {{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}}
| D62
| D62
| 14 December 1992
| 14 December 1992
| 20 March 1995
| 20 March 1995
| 22 January 2001<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| 22 January 2001<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| [[Mumbai]]
|}
|}


Line 150: Line 159:
{{Gallery
{{Gallery
|width=160 | height=170
|width=160 | height=170
|File:INS Delhi.jpg
|{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} during Defence of Gujarat in 2013.
|File:INS Delhi-2.jpg
|File:INS Delhi-2.jpg
  |[[INS Delhi (D61)|INS Delhi]] departing Portsmouth Naval Base, UK, 2009.
  |{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} departing Portsmouth Naval Base, UK, 2009.
|File:INS Delhi (D61) docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at INS Kadamba (Karwar).jpg
|File:INS Delhi (D61) docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at INS Kadamba (Karwar).jpg
  |[[INS Delhi (D61)|INS Delhi]] docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at [[INS Kadamba]] (Karwar).
  |{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at [[INS Kadamba]] (Karwar).
|File:INS Mysore D60 India.jpg
|File:INS Mysore D60 India.jpg
  |[[INS Mysore (D60)|INS Mysore]] and [[USS Fitzgerald]] transit in formation during Malabar.
  |{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} and [[USS Fitzgerald]] transit in formation during Malabar.
|File:IMDEX 2007 Mysore (523759313).jpg
|File:IMDEX 2007 Mysore (523759313).jpg
  |[[INS Mysore (D60)|INS Mysore]] during IMDEX 2007.
  |{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} during IMDEX 2007.
|File:INS Mumbai (D62) along with an Il-38 underway during Narendra Modi's visit.jpg
|File:INS Mumbai (D62) along with an Il-38 underway during Narendra Modi's visit.jpg
  |[[INS Mumbai (D62)|INS Mumbai]] along with an [[Ilyushin Il-38|Il-38]] during an exercise.
  |{{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}} along with an [[Ilyushin Il-38|Il-38]] during an exercise.
|File:INS Mumbai enters Port of Duqm in Oman.jpg
|File:INS Mumbai enters Port of Duqm in Oman.jpg
  |[[INS Mumbai (D62)|INS Mumbai]] enters [[Al Duqm Port & Drydock|Port of Duqm]] in [[Oman]].
  |{{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}} enters [[Al Duqm Port & Drydock|Port of Duqm]] in [[Oman]].
}}
}}


Line 182: Line 193:
[[Category:Destroyer classes]]
[[Category:Destroyer classes]]
[[Category:Delhi-class destroyers| ]]
[[Category:Delhi-class destroyers| ]]
[[Category:Destroyers of the Indian Navy]]
[[Category:Ships built in India]]
[[Category:Ships built in India]]

Revision as of 17:14, 4 December 2022


INS Delhi underway
Class overview
Name: Delhi class
Builders: Mazagon Dock Limited
Operators:  Indian Navy
Preceded by: class
Succeeded by: class
Built: 1987–2001
In commission: 1997–present
Planned: 3
Completed: 3
Active: 3
General characteristics
Type: Guided-missile destroyer
Displacement: 6,200 tonnes (full)[1]
Length: 163 m (535 ft) [1]
Beam: 17 m (56 ft)[1]
Draught: 6.5 m (21 ft)[1]
Propulsion:
Speed: 32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph)[2]
Range: 4,500 mi (7,200 km) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)[2]
Complement: 350 (incl 40 officers)[1]
Sensors and
processing systems:
  • MR-755 Fregat-MAE E-band air and surface search radar
  • BEL RAWL (Signaal LW08) D-band air search radar
  • 3 × MR-212/201 I-band navigation radars
  • 6 × MR-90 Orekh G-band fire-control radars (FCR)
  • MR-184 I/J-band FCR
  • 2 × EL/M-2221 FCR (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
  • 2 × MR-123-02 I/J-band FCR (INS Mumbai)
  • Granit Garpun B FCR
  • BEL HUMVAD hull-mounted sonar (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
  • BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar (INS Mumbai)
  • Thales Advanced Towed Array Sonar (INS Mumbai)[3]
Electronic warfare
& decoys:
  • BEL Ajanta Mk 2 ESM
  • Elettronica TQN-2 jammer
  • 2 PK2 chaff launchers
  • Towed decoys[2]
Armament:
  • 16 × Kh-35E SSM or
  • 8 × BrahMos
  • 32 × Barak 1 (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
  • 2 × Shtil SAM systems (48 missiles)
  • 100 mm AK-100 gun
  • 2 × 30 mm AK-630 gatling guns (4 in INS Mumbai)
  • 2 × RBU-6000 rocket launchers
  • Quintuple 533mm torpedo tubes
  • 2 rails of depth charges[3]
Aircraft carried: 2 × Sea King Mk 42B helicopters[2]

The Delhi-class destroyers are guided-missile destroyers of the Indian Navy. Three ships of this class are in active service.[1] The Delhi-class vessels were the largest vessels to be built in India at the time of their commissioning.[4] The ships were built by Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) at a cost of ₹750 crore (equivalent to ₹26 billion or US$360 million in 2019) each.[5]

Development

The design and development of the ship class began as "Project 15" in 1980. Initially, the ships were planned to be follow-on frigates of the class with the addition of RBU-6000 ASW rocket launchers and gas turbine propulsion. A Soviet offer in 1983 for reversible gas turbines and modern weapon systems forced a redesign of the ships from 3,500 tonne frigates to 6,300 tonne destroyers.[6] Directorate of Naval Design completed the design around the mid 1980s.[7] Model tests were carried out at SSPA, Sweden in 1985 and parallelly at Krylov Institute, Soviet Union in 1986. Severnoye Design Bureau provided design inputs for weapons and propulsion packages. The mutual interface suppression system for electromagnetic compatibility was supplied by the Soviets.[6] The break-up of Soviet Union affected the supply of weapon systems, contributing to a three-year delay in the construction of vessels.[4]

Design and description

Delhi class has been described as a stretched class with some elements incorporated from Godavari-class frigates and -class destroyers.[2][8] The fore funnel is placed on the port side, while the aft funnel is placed on the starboard.[2] The propulsion system consists of two Zorya-Mashproekt M36E gas turbine plants driving two controllable-pitch propellers. Each gas turbine plant comprises two DT-59 reversible gas turbines connected to an RG-54 gearbox in a combined gas and gas system and is placed in a separate engine room.[8] The vessels are equipped for operation in a nuclear, biological and chemical warfare environment.[4] Delhi-class vessels are fitted with flag facilities, enabling them to act as command unit in task groups.[8] INS Mysore features better air conditioning facilities to correct heat dissipation issues encountered while operationalising INS Delhi.[9]

Armament

For air defence role, Delhi class is fitted with 9K-90 Uragan (NATO: SA-N-7 Gadfly) air-defence system comprising a pair of 3S-90 single-arm launchers and 9M38M1 Shtil missiles. One launcher is installed forward of the bridge and the other atop the dual helicopter hangar. Each launcher carries a 24 missile magazine for a total of 48 rounds. The missiles have 35–40 kilometres (22–25 mi) range and feature semi-active radar homing. MR-775 Fregat-MAE (NATO: Half Plate) radar provides target designation and six MR-90/3R-90 Orekh (NATO: Front Dome) illuminators are used for fire control.[8][10] The system can track twelve targets and engage a maximum of six tracked targets simultaneously.[11] Last-ditch missile defence is provided by AK-630-based close-in weapon system, while Delhi and Mysore have been upgraded with an additional IAI/Rafael Barak 1 point defence missile system. Mumbai has four AK-630 rotary cannons surrounding the aft mast, which are guided by two MR-123-02 (NATO: Bass Tilt) fire-control radars. In Delhi and Mysore, the two AK-630 mounts ahead of the aft mast have each been replaced by pair of eight-cell Barak 1 vertical launch systems, for a total of 32 missiles. The missiles have a range of 10 km (6.2 mi) and use command line-of-sight guidance provided by a pair of EL/M-2221 fire-control radars that replace MR-123-02 fire-control radars on upgraded ships. A Signaal LW08 radar license produced by BEL as RAWL provides long range air search capability.[8]

The surface missile battery of Delhi class includes 16 Kh-35E Uran missiles placed in four quadruple sloped launchers. The missiles feature active radar homing and are guided by a Granit Garpun B (NATO: Plank Shave) fire-control radar. They have a maximum range of 130 kilometres (81 mi) and are capable of sea skimming.[2] The missile battery was initially intended to be eight 3M80E Moskit cruise missiles as evidenced by large blast deflectors present on the lead ship, INS Delhi. A single AK-100 gun guided by MR-184/MR-145 fire-control system (NATO: Kite Screech), which comprises T-91E radar and Kondensor electro-optical sights, is also fitted.[8][10]

Weapons and sensors fitment on Delhi-class.
(top) Fregat-MAE E-band radar, BEL RAWL LW08, Shitil-1 SAM system, L&T RBU-6000 ASW rocket launcher.

A quintuple 533-millimetre (21 in) trainable torpedo launcher capable of firing SET 65E active/passive homing torpedo and Type 53–65 wake homing torpedo is placed in between the funnels.[12][2] A pair of 12-tubed RBU-6000 213mm anti-submarine rocket launchers fitted in front of the bridge can engage submarines up to a range of 6 km (3.7 mi).[11][2] Detection is provided by BEL HUMVAD, an indigenous hull-mounted sonar with a variable depth transducer that offers better performance in the waters around India.[11] An Indal Model 15-750 handling system manufactured by GRSE is used to deploy the variable depth sonar of HUMVAD.[13] The final ship of the class, INS Mumbai, is fitted with an improved ASW suite consisting of BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar and Thales ATAS towed array sonar.[8]

The electronic warfare suite originally consisted of BEL Ajanta Mk 2 for electronic support measures, Elettronica TQN-2 jammer and two PK-2 chaff launchers of Russian origin.[2] The Ajanta Mk 2 system was later replaced by Ellora, which has an additional capability to provide electronic countermeasures.[10] BEL Shikari combat display and management system, a derivative of Italian IPN-10, integrates weapon systems of diverse origin.[8] Each vessel can carry two Westland Sea King Mk 42B helicopters. The helicopters carry a surface search radar, a dipping sonar, A244-S lightweight torpedoes and Sea Eagle anti-ship missiles.[11] Samahé helicopter handling system is fitted on all vessels.[2]

Modernisation

As of April 2022, Mumbai is undergoing a mid-life refit that includes upgrades for several weapons and sensors. The Kh-35E Uran missiles will be replaced by BrahMos missiles, which was originally sanctioned in 2015 for two ships of this class. The Shtil-1 air defence system will replace the 9K-90 Uragan, with Fregat M2EM radar replacing the Fregat-MAE. The Kite Screech fire control system of the AK-100 is being replaced by BEL Lynx U2. The electronics warfare system will be upgraded to Ellora Mk II, with Kavach decoy launchers.[14][15] Atlas Elektronik ACTAS towed-array sonar will be installed on all three ships.[16] INS Delhi (D61) is back in service after receiving its upgrades, recently BrahMos missile was tested from its new sloped Launchers.

Relocation

The Delhi-class destroyers will be re-based to the Eastern Naval Command, Visakhapatnam. Along with class, these will form a part of the carrier battle group of Vikrant. Mysore had reached its new base by December 2021 and was undergoing refit.[17]

Ships of the class

Name Pennant Builder Laid Down Launched Commissioned Homeport Status
Delhi D61 Mazagon Dock Limited 14 November 1987 1 February 1991 15 November 1997[2] Mumbai Active
Mysore D60 2 February 1991 4 June 1993 2 June 1999[2] Mumbai (erstwhile)
Visakhapatnam
Mumbai D62 14 December 1992 20 March 1995 22 January 2001[2] Mumbai

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "IN Ships-Destroyers-Delhi Class". Indian Navy. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 Commodore Stephen Saunders, ed. (2004). "India". Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005 (107th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. p. 308. ISBN 978-0710626233.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Commodore Stephen Saunders, ed. (2008). "India". Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009 (111th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. p. 324. ISBN 978-0710628459.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Bedi, Rahul (17 September 1997). "Indian-built destroyer to be commissioned". Jane's Defence Weekly. Horley: Jane's Information Group. ISSN 0265-3818.
  5. ↑ Bedi, Rahul (1 May 1999). "Mixed fortunes for India's defense industrial revolution". Jane's International Defense Review. 32 (5). Coulsdon. ISSN 1476-2129.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hiranandani, G. M. (2009). Transition to eminence: The Indian Navy 1976–1990. Delhi: Lancer. pp. 50–51. ISBN 9788170622666.
  7. ↑ Hiranandani, G. M. Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991–2000. Lancer Publishers LLC. ISBN 9781935501664.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Annati, Massimo (November 2004). "The Asian DDG Race". Military Technology. 28 (11). Bonne: Mönch Publishing Group: 31–39. ISSN 0722-3226. OCLC 137343253 – via ProQuest.
  9. ↑ "Indian destroyer set for commission". Jane's International Defense Review. 32 (4). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. 1 April 1999. ISSN 1476-2129.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Mazumdar, Mrityunjoy (2010). Waters, Conrad (ed.). Seaforth World Naval Review 2011. Barnsley: Seaforth. pp. 102–119. ISBN 1848320752.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Khan, M A (September 1998). "DELHI and beyond". Military Technology. 22 (9). Bonne: Mönch Publishing Group: 68–70. ISSN 0722-3226. OCLC 137343253 – via ProQuest.
  12. ↑ "MDL's Major Programmes – SP's Naval Forces". SP's Naval Forces. SP Guide Publications. September 2022.
  13. ↑ "India | First Project 15 set to commission". Jane's Navy International. Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. 1 September 1997. ISSN 1358-3719.
  14. ↑ Mazumdar, Mrityunjoy (29 April 2022). "Details emerge on INS Mumbai upgrade". Shephard. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  15. ↑ "Nod to new aircraft carrier, BrahMos missiles for six ships". Business Standard. IANS. 13 May 2022.
  16. ↑ Shukla, Ajai (25 November 2014). "Sonar contract provides major boost to navy". Business Standard. New Delhi.
  17. ↑ Bhattacharjee, Sumit (4 December 2021). "Eastern Fleet will have Carrier Battle Group: Vice Admiral". The Hindu.

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