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The '''Mal''' is a [[Hindu]] [[caste]] found in the state of [[West Bengal]] & [[Jharkhand]].
The '''Mal''' is a [[Hindu]] [[caste]] found in the state of [[West Bengal]] and [[Jharkhand]].


Mal & Malla are derived from the Sanskrit word ''malla'', meaning wrestler.<ref name="Anthropological Survey">{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Kumar Suresh|title=The scheduled castes|date=29 Aug 2008|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India, 1993|isbn=9780195632545|edition=2, illustrated|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQRuAAAAMAAJ}}</ref>{{Sfn|Dasgupta|Biswas|Mallik|2009|p=19}}
Mal and Malla are derived from the Sanskrit word ''malla'', meaning wrestler.<ref name="Anthropological Survey">{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Kumar Suresh|title=The scheduled castes|date=29 Aug 2008|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India, 1993|isbn=9780195632545|edition=2, illustrated|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zQRuAAAAMAAJ}}</ref>{{Sfn|Dasgupta|Biswas|Mallik|2009|p=19}}


[[Mal Paharia people|Paharia Mal]] or Mal Paharia is considered as [[Scheduled Tribe]] while the other Mal groups are considered as [[Scheduled Castes]] by the Government of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Scheduled Caste List Of West Bengal State |url=http://www.anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/sc_list.html |website=anagrasarkalyan.gov.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308083946/http://www.anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/sc_list.html |archive-date=2015-03-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Scheduled Caste Welfare - List of Scheduled Castes |url=http://socialjustice.nic.in/sclist.php |website=socialjustice.nic.in(Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913050030/http://socialjustice.nic.in/sclist.php |archive-date=2012-09-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Scheduled Tribe List Of West Bengal State |url=http://www.anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/st_list.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829121426/http://anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/st_list.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-08-29 |website=anagrasarkalyan.gov.in }}</ref>
[[Mal Paharia people|Paharia Mal]] or Mal Paharia is considered as [[Scheduled Tribe]] while the other Mal groups are considered as [[Scheduled Castes]] by the Government of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Scheduled Caste List Of West Bengal State |url=http://www.anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/sc_list.html |website=anagrasarkalyan.gov.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150308083946/http://www.anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/sc_list.html |archive-date=2015-03-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Scheduled Caste Welfare - List of Scheduled Castes |url=http://socialjustice.nic.in/sclist.php |website=socialjustice.nic.in(Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913050030/http://socialjustice.nic.in/sclist.php |archive-date=2012-09-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Scheduled Tribe List Of West Bengal State |url=http://www.anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/st_list.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829121426/http://anagrasarkalyan.gov.in/htm/st_list.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-08-29 |website=anagrasarkalyan.gov.in }}</ref>
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==Divisions==
==Divisions==
Raja Mals were rulers of [[Bengal]]-[[Jharkhand]] junction area. Chatradhari Mals were supposed to be ministers of Raja Mals. Sapure Mals are mainly [[snake charmer]]s. Paharia Mals generally live in hilly areas, and have their own distinct language. Raja Mals do not practice [[remarriage|widow marriage]] like other orthodox Hindus.<ref name="Anthropological Survey" />
Raja Mals were rulers of [[Bengal]]-[[Jharkhand]] junction area. Chatradhari Mals were supposed to be ministers of Raja Mals.{{cn|date=February 2022}} Sapure Mals are mainly [[snake charmer]]s. Paharia Mals generally live in hilly areas, and have their own distinct language. Raja Mals do not practice [[remarriage|widow marriage]] like other orthodox Hindus.<ref name="Anthropological Survey" />


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 02:02, 1 March 2022

Mal
ReligionsHinduism
LanguagesBengali, Assamese, Maithili, Hindi
Populated statesWest Bengal, Jharkhand, Bangladesh
Population205,000 (West Bengal, 1981 census)
273,641 (West Bengal, 2001 census)[1]
306,234 (West Bengal, 2011 census)[2]

The Mal is a Hindu caste found in the state of West Bengal and Jharkhand.

Mal and Malla are derived from the Sanskrit word malla, meaning wrestler.[3][4]

Paharia Mal or Mal Paharia is considered as Scheduled Tribe while the other Mal groups are considered as Scheduled Castes by the Government of West Bengal.[5][6][7]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Mal numbered 273,641 in the 2001 census and were 1.5 per cent of the total Scheduled Caste population of West Bengal. 39.6 per cent of the Mal were literate - 51.9 per cent males and 26.8 per cent females were literate.[8]

Divisions[edit | edit source]

Raja Mals were rulers of Bengal-Jharkhand junction area. Chatradhari Mals were supposed to be ministers of Raja Mals.[citation needed] Sapure Mals are mainly snake charmers. Paharia Mals generally live in hilly areas, and have their own distinct language. Raja Mals do not practice widow marriage like other orthodox Hindus.[3]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "West Bengal, Census of India 2001, Data Highlights - The Scheduled Castes" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General, India. Retrieved 2009-06-28.
  2. ↑ "(SC)2011census". censusindia.gov.in.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Singh, Kumar Suresh (29 Aug 2008). The scheduled castes (2, illustrated ed.). Anthropological Survey of India, 1993. ISBN 9780195632545.
  4. ↑ Dasgupta, Biswas & Mallik 2009, p. 19.
  5. ↑ "Scheduled Caste List Of West Bengal State". anagrasarkalyan.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2015-03-08.
  6. ↑ "Scheduled Caste Welfare - List of Scheduled Castes". socialjustice.nic.in(Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment). Archived from the original on 2012-09-13.
  7. ↑ "Scheduled Tribe List Of West Bengal State". anagrasarkalyan.gov.in. Archived from the original on 2009-08-29.
  8. ↑ "West Bengal, Census of India 2001, Data Highlights - The Scheduled Castes" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General, India. Retrieved 2009-06-28.
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