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{{Short description|Indian | {{Short description|Indian Bhojpuri language film industry}} | ||
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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}} | {{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}} | ||
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| screens = 269 | | screens = 269 in [[Bihar]] State of India | ||
| screens_per_capita = | | screens_per_capita = | ||
| distributors =[[BB Jaiswal Production]]<br>[[DRJ Films]] <br>[[IJK Films]]<br>[[Nirahua Entertainment]]<br>[[Prakriti Films]]<br>[[Rahul Khan Production]]<br>[[SRK Music Films]]<br>[[Yashi Films]]<br>[[Zabawa Entertainment]] | | distributors =[[BB Jaiswal Production]]<br>[[DRJ Films]] <br>[[IJK Films]]<br>[[Nirahua Entertainment]]<br>[[Prakriti Films]]<br>[[Rahul Khan Production]]<br>[[SRK Music Films]]<br>[[Yashi Films]]<br>[[Zabawa Entertainment]] | ||
| produced_year = 2019 | | produced_year = 2019 | ||
| produced_ref = | | produced_ref = | ||
| produced_total = | | produced_total = 101 | ||
| produced_fictional = | | produced_fictional = | ||
| produced_animated = | | produced_animated = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Bhojpuri cinema | '''Bhojpuri cinema''', also known as '''Bhojiwood''', is an [[cinema of India|Indian]] [[film industry]] of [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]-language [[motion pictures]]. It is based in [[Patna]], [[Bihar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/sunday-edition/agenda/cover-story/bhojiwood-losing-its-lustre.html|title=Bhojiwood Losing Its Lustre|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117122416/http://www.dailypioneer.com/sunday-edition/agenda/cover-story/bhojiwood-losing-its-lustre.html|archive-date=2017-11-17}}</ref> The Bhojpuri movie industry is a burgeoning behemoth, a Rs 2000 crore (and growing) industry that is fast moving past the likes of A Listers like [[Ravi Kishen]] and [[Manoj Tiwari (politician)|Manoj Tiwari]], and breaking fresh ground and creating new milestones. | ||
The first Bhojpuri talkie film, ''[[Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo]]'', was released in 1963 by Vishwanath Shahabadi. The 80s saw the release of many notable as well as run-of-the-mill Bhojpuri films like ''Bitia Bhail Sayan'', ''Chandwa ke take Chakor'', ''Hamar Bhauji'', ''Ganga Kinare Mora Gaon'' and ''Sampoorna Tirth Yatra''. Bhojpuri cinema has grown in recent years. The Bhojpuri film industry is now a {{INR}}2000 crore industry.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhojpuri-film-industry-now-a-rs-2000-crore-industry/articleshow/57924026.cms|title=Bhojpuri film industry now a Rs 2000 crore industry|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117180007/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhojpuri-film-industry-now-a-rs-2000-crore-industry/articleshow/57924026.cms|archive-date=2017-11-17}}</ref> Bhojpuri movies are seen across various parts of [[North America]], Europe, and Asia where second and third generation migrants still speak the language, as well as in [[Guyana]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Suriname]], [[Fiji]], [[Mauritius]], and [[South Africa]], which has a large Bhojpuri population.<ref name=global>{{cite news|title=Regional pride|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/regional-pride-110062400034_1.html|access-date=22 February 2014|newspaper=Business standard|date=24 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227143917/http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/regional-pride-110062400034_1.html|archive-date=27 February 2014}}</ref> | The first Bhojpuri talkie film, ''[[Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo]]'', was released in 1963 by Vishwanath Shahabadi. The 80s saw the release of many notable as well as run-of-the-mill Bhojpuri films like ''Bitia Bhail Sayan'', ''[[Chanwa Ke Take Chakor|Chandwa ke take Chakor]]'', ''[[Hamar Bhauji]]'', ''Ganga Kinare Mora Gaon'' and ''Sampoorna Tirth Yatra''. Bhojpuri cinema has grown in recent years. The Bhojpuri film industry is now a {{INR}}2000 crore industry.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhojpuri-film-industry-now-a-rs-2000-crore-industry/articleshow/57924026.cms|title=Bhojpuri film industry now a Rs 2000 crore industry|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117180007/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhojpuri-film-industry-now-a-rs-2000-crore-industry/articleshow/57924026.cms|archive-date=2017-11-17}}</ref> Bhojpuri movies are seen across various parts of [[North America]], Europe, and Asia where second and third generation migrants still speak the language, as well as in [[Guyana]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Suriname]], [[Fiji]], [[Mauritius]], and [[South Africa]], which has a large Bhojpuri population.<ref name=global>{{cite news|title=Regional pride|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/regional-pride-110062400034_1.html|access-date=22 February 2014|newspaper=Business standard|date=24 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227143917/http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/regional-pride-110062400034_1.html|archive-date=27 February 2014}}</ref> | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
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Many of the major stars of mainstream Bollywood cinema, including [[Amitabh Bachchan]], have recently worked in Bhojpuri films. [[Mithun Chakraborty]]'s Bhojpuri debut ''[[Bhole Shankar (film)|Bhole Shankar]]'', released in 2008, is considered the biggest Bhojpuri hit of all time.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.screenindia.com/news/mithuns-first-bhojpuri-film-creates-record-in-bihar/367841/ |title= Mithun's first Bhojpuri film creates record in Bihar |date= 3 October 2008 |work= Screen |access-date= 10 December 2009 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081005022100/http://www.screenindia.com/news/mithuns-first-bhojpuri-film-creates-record-in-bihar/367841/ |archive-date= 5 October 2008 }}</ref> Also in 2008, a 21-minute diploma Bhojpuri film by [[Siddharth Sinha]], ''[[Udedh Bun]]'' (Unravel) was selected for world premiere at the [[Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bhojpuri-cinema-heads-to-Berlin-/articleshow/2764728.cms|title=Bhojpuri cinema heads to Berlin|date=7 February 2008|work=The Times of India|first1=Saurabh|last1=Kapoor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511075843/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bhojpuri-cinema-heads-to-Berlin-/articleshow/2764728.cms|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref> Later it won the [[National Film Award (India)|National Film Award]] for [[National Film Award for Best Short Fiction Film|Best Short fiction Film]].<ref>[http://india.cineuropa.org/2009/01/discovery-of-2008-siddharth-sinha.html Discovery of 2008: Siddharth Sinha, Silver Bear Winner at Berlin] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705130313/http://india.cineuropa.org/2009/01/discovery-of-2008-siddharth-sinha.html |date=2010-07-05 }} January 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cut to fame |url=http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/cut-to-fame/514294/ |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |date=8 Sep 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003152743/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/cut-to-fame/514294/ |archive-date=2012-10-03 }}</ref> | Many of the major stars of mainstream Bollywood cinema, including [[Amitabh Bachchan]], have recently worked in Bhojpuri films. [[Mithun Chakraborty]]'s Bhojpuri debut ''[[Bhole Shankar (film)|Bhole Shankar]]'', released in 2008, is considered the biggest Bhojpuri hit of all time.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.screenindia.com/news/mithuns-first-bhojpuri-film-creates-record-in-bihar/367841/ |title= Mithun's first Bhojpuri film creates record in Bihar |date= 3 October 2008 |work= Screen |access-date= 10 December 2009 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081005022100/http://www.screenindia.com/news/mithuns-first-bhojpuri-film-creates-record-in-bihar/367841/ |archive-date= 5 October 2008 }}</ref> Also in 2008, a 21-minute diploma Bhojpuri film by [[Siddharth Sinha]], ''[[Udedh Bun]]'' (Unravel) was selected for world premiere at the [[Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bhojpuri-cinema-heads-to-Berlin-/articleshow/2764728.cms|title=Bhojpuri cinema heads to Berlin|date=7 February 2008|work=The Times of India|first1=Saurabh|last1=Kapoor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511075843/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bhojpuri-cinema-heads-to-Berlin-/articleshow/2764728.cms|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref> Later it won the [[National Film Award (India)|National Film Award]] for [[National Film Award for Best Short Fiction Film|Best Short fiction Film]].<ref>[http://india.cineuropa.org/2009/01/discovery-of-2008-siddharth-sinha.html Discovery of 2008: Siddharth Sinha, Silver Bear Winner at Berlin] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705130313/http://india.cineuropa.org/2009/01/discovery-of-2008-siddharth-sinha.html |date=2010-07-05 }} January 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cut to fame |url=http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/cut-to-fame/514294/ |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |date=8 Sep 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003152743/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/cut-to-fame/514294/ |archive-date=2012-10-03 }}</ref> | ||
Bhojpuri poet [[Manoj Bhawuk]] has written a history of Bhojpuri cinema. Bhawuk is widely known as "Encyclopedia of Bhojpuri Cinema". | Bhojpuri poet [[Manoj Bhawuk]] has written a history of Bhojpuri cinema.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bhojpuricinema.wordpress.com/bhojpuri-cinema-ke-itihas/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-04-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806055852/http://bhojpuricinema.wordpress.com/bhojpuri-cinema-ke-itihas/ |archive-date=2013-08-06 }}</ref> Bhawuk is widely known as "Encyclopedia of Bhojpuri Cinema". | ||
In February 2011, a three-day film and cultural festival in [[Patna]] marking 50 years of Bhojpuri cinema, opened ''Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo'' the first Bhojpuri film. The first Bhojpuri Reality Film "Dhokha" is under production under banner Om Kaushik Films is about to be nominated and screened in different International Film Festivals under direction Of Rashmi Raj Kaushik Vicky and Renu Chaudhary.<ref>{{cite news |title=Strong at 50, Bhojpuri cinema celebrates |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/strong-at-50-bhojpuri-cinema-celebrates/749762/0 |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |date=14 February 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019010957/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/strong-at-50-bhojpuri-cinema-celebrates/749762/0 |archive-date=2012-10-19 }}</ref> | In February 2011, a three-day film and cultural festival in [[Patna]] marking 50 years of Bhojpuri cinema, opened ''Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo'' the first Bhojpuri film. The first Bhojpuri Reality Film "Dhokha" is under production under banner Om Kaushik Films is about to be nominated and screened in different International Film Festivals under direction Of Rashmi Raj Kaushik Vicky and Renu Chaudhary.<ref>{{cite news |title=Strong at 50, Bhojpuri cinema celebrates |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/strong-at-50-bhojpuri-cinema-celebrates/749762/0 |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |date=14 February 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019010957/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/strong-at-50-bhojpuri-cinema-celebrates/749762/0 |archive-date=2012-10-19 }}</ref> | ||
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| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | 2003 | ||
| ''[[Sasura Bada Paisawala]]'' | | ''[[Sasura Bada Paisawala]]'' | ||
| [[Manoj Tiwari (politician)|Manoj Tiwari]] | | [[Manoj Tiwari (politician)|Manoj Tiwari]] | ||
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| ''[[Nirahua Chalal London]]'' | | ''[[Nirahua Chalal London]]'' | ||
| [[Dinesh Lal Yadav]], [[Amrapali Dubey]] | | [[Dinesh Lal Yadav]], [[Amrapali Dubey]] | ||
|} | |||
==Highest-grossing films== | |||
Below are the highest-grossing Bhojpuri films of all time:<ref>{{Cite web|title=भोजपुरी सिनेमा की सबसे ज्यादा कमाई करने वाली फिल्में|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/movie-masti/news-from-bollywood/bhojpuri-movie-highest-box-office-collection/articleshow/66311325.cms|access-date=2022-02-17|website=Navbharat Times|language=hi}}</ref> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Rank !! Film !! Production company!! Worldwide Gross !! Note | |||
|- | |||
! 1 | |||
|''[[Sasura Bada Paisawala]]'' (2003) | |||
|[[Balaji Cinevision Pvt Ltd]] | |||
|{{INRConvert|35|c}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! 2 | |||
|''[[Pratigya (2008 film)|Pratigya]]'' (2008) | |||
|[[Venus Films]] | |||
|{{INRConvert|35|c}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! 3 | |||
|''[[Ganga (2006 film)|Ganga]]'' (2006) | |||
|N/A | |||
|{{INRConvert|21|c}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! 4 | |||
|''[[Border (2018 Bhojpuri film)|Border]]'' (2018) | |||
|[[Nirahua Entertainment Pvt Ltd]] | |||
|{{INRConvert|19|c}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! 5 | |||
|''Nirahua Rickshawala'' (2008) | |||
| N/A | |||
|{{INRConvert|7.5|c}} | |||
| Original budget: ₹57 lakh, Original box office: ₹3.12 crore{{cn|date=February 2022}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:37, 2 May 2022
| Bhojpuri cinema | |
|---|---|
| File:Indiafilm.svg | |
| No. of screens | 269 in Bihar State of India |
| Main distributors | BB Jaiswal Production DRJ Films IJK Films Nirahua Entertainment Prakriti Films Rahul Khan Production SRK Music Films Yashi Films Zabawa Entertainment |
| Produced feature films (2019) | |
| Total | 101 |
Bhojpuri cinema, also known as Bhojiwood, is an Indian film industry of Bhojpuri-language motion pictures. It is based in Patna, Bihar.[1] The Bhojpuri movie industry is a burgeoning behemoth, a Rs 2000 crore (and growing) industry that is fast moving past the likes of A Listers like Ravi Kishen and Manoj Tiwari, and breaking fresh ground and creating new milestones.
The first Bhojpuri talkie film, Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo, was released in 1963 by Vishwanath Shahabadi. The 80s saw the release of many notable as well as run-of-the-mill Bhojpuri films like Bitia Bhail Sayan, Chandwa ke take Chakor, Hamar Bhauji, Ganga Kinare Mora Gaon and Sampoorna Tirth Yatra. Bhojpuri cinema has grown in recent years. The Bhojpuri film industry is now a ₹2000 crore industry.[2] Bhojpuri movies are seen across various parts of North America, Europe, and Asia where second and third generation migrants still speak the language, as well as in Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Suriname, Fiji, Mauritius, and South Africa, which has a large Bhojpuri population.[3]
Overview[edit | edit source]
Bhojpuri originates in western Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh in northern India. Speakers of it and its creoles are found in many parts of the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Fiji, Guyana, Mauritius, South Africa, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago, and The Netherlands. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, many colonizers faced labor shortages due to the abolition of slavery; thus, they imported many Indians, many from Bhojpuri-speaking regions, as indentured servants to labor on plantations. Today, some 200 million people in the Caribbean, Oceania, and North America who speak Bhojpuri as a native or second language.[4]
History[edit | edit source]
In the 1960s, the first president of India, Rajendra Prasad, who hailed from Bihar, met Bollywood actor Nazir Hussain and asked him to make a movie in Bhojpuri, which eventually led to the release of the first Bhojpuri film in 1963.[5] Bhojpuri cinema's history begins with the well-received film Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo ("Mother Ganges, I will offer you a yellow sari"), which was produced by Biswanath Prasad Shahabadi under the banner of Nirmal Pictures and directed by Kundan Kumar.[6] Throughout the following decades, films were produced in fits and starts. Bidesiya ("Foreigner", 1963, directed by S. N. Tripathi) and Ganga ("Ganges", 1965, directed by Kundan Kumar) were profitable and popular, but in general Bhojpuri films were not commonly produced in the 1960s and 1970s.
In the 1980s, enough Bhojpuri films were produced to tentatively make up an industry. Films such as Mai ("Mom", 1989, directed by Rajkumar Sharma) and Hamar Bhauji ("My Elder Brother's Wife", 1983, directed by Kalpataru) continued to have at least sporadic success at the box office. Nadiya Ke Paar is a 1982 Hindi-Bhojpuri blockbuster directed by Govind Moonis and starring Sachin, Sadhana Singh, Inder Thakur, Mitali, Savita Bajaj, Sheela David, Leela Mishra and Soni Rathod. However, this trend faded out by the end of the decade. By 1990, the nascent industry seemed to be completely finished.[7]
The industry took off again in 2001 with the Silver Jubilee hit Saiyyan Hamar ("My Sweetheart", directed by Mohan Prasad), which shot its hero, Ravi Kissan, to superstardom.[8] This was quickly followed by several other remarkably successful films, including Panditji Batai Na Biyah Kab Hoi ("Priest, tell me when I will marry", 2005, directed by Mohan Prasad) and Sasura Bada Paisa Wala ("My father-in-law, the rich guy", 2005). In a measure of the Bhojpuri film industry's rise, both of these did much better business in the states of Bihar and Jharkhand than mainstream Bollywood hits at the time. Both films, made on extremely tight budgets, earned back more than ten times their production costs.[9] Sasura Bada Paisa Wala introduced Manoj Tiwari, formerly a well-loved folk singer, to the wider audiences of Bhojpuri cinema. In 2008, he and Ravi Kissan were the leading actors of Bhojpuri films, and their fees increase with their fame. The extremely rapid success of their films has led to dramatic increases in Bhojpuri cinema's visibility, and the industry now supports an awards show[10] and a trade magazine, Bhojpuri City,[11] which chronicles the production and release of what are now over 100 films per year.
Many of the major stars of mainstream Bollywood cinema, including Amitabh Bachchan, have recently worked in Bhojpuri films. Mithun Chakraborty's Bhojpuri debut Bhole Shankar, released in 2008, is considered the biggest Bhojpuri hit of all time.[12] Also in 2008, a 21-minute diploma Bhojpuri film by Siddharth Sinha, Udedh Bun (Unravel) was selected for world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival.[13] Later it won the National Film Award for Best Short fiction Film.[14][15]
Bhojpuri poet Manoj Bhawuk has written a history of Bhojpuri cinema.[16] Bhawuk is widely known as "Encyclopedia of Bhojpuri Cinema".
In February 2011, a three-day film and cultural festival in Patna marking 50 years of Bhojpuri cinema, opened Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo the first Bhojpuri film. The first Bhojpuri Reality Film "Dhokha" is under production under banner Om Kaushik Films is about to be nominated and screened in different International Film Festivals under direction Of Rashmi Raj Kaushik Vicky and Renu Chaudhary.[17]
Notable people[edit | edit source]
Notable personalities of the Bhojpuri film industry include:
Actors[edit | edit source]
Actresses[edit | edit source]
Film producers[edit | edit source]
Film directors[edit | edit source]
Music directors[edit | edit source]
Lyricists[edit | edit source]
Screenwriters[edit | edit source]
Singers[edit | edit source]
Notable films[edit | edit source]
Highest-grossing films[edit | edit source]
Below are the highest-grossing Bhojpuri films of all time:[20]
| Rank | Film | Production company | Worldwide Gross | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sasura Bada Paisawala (2003) | Balaji Cinevision Pvt Ltd | ₹35 crore (US$4.9 million) | |
| 2 | Pratigya (2008) | Venus Films | ₹35 crore (US$4.9 million) | |
| 3 | Ganga (2006) | N/A | ₹21 crore (US$2.9 million) | |
| 4 | Border (2018) | Nirahua Entertainment Pvt Ltd | ₹19 crore (US$2.7 million) | |
| 5 | Nirahua Rickshawala (2008) | N/A | ₹7.5 crore (US$1.1 million) | Original budget: ₹57 lakh, Original box office: ₹3.12 crore[citation needed] |
Notable awards[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
- Cinema of Bihar
- Patna Film Festival
- Rajgir Film City
- List of Bhojpuri television actors
- List of Bhojpuri television actresses
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Bhojiwood Losing Its Lustre". Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
- ↑ "Bhojpuri film industry now a Rs 2000 crore industry". Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
- ↑ "Regional pride". Business standard. 24 June 2010. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
- ↑ Mesthrie, Rajend (1991). Language in Indenture: A Sociolinguistic History of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa. London: Routledge. pp. 19–32. ISBN 0-415-06404-X.
- ↑ "First Bhojpuri Film To Be Screened During Bihar Divas". NDTV Movies. 17 March 2011. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012.
- ↑ IMDB Archived 2012-08-26 at WebCite
- ↑ Tripathy, Ratnakar (2007) 'Bhojpuri Cinema', South Asian Popular Culture, 5:2, 145-165
- ↑ Subhash K. Jha (29 March 2006). "Meet the star of Bhojpuri cinema". Rediff. Archived from the original on 21 June 2009. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ↑ "Move over Bollywood, Here's Bhojpuri," BBC News Online: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/south_asia/4512812.stm
- ↑ Ashish Mitra (8 December 2006). "Bhojpuri industry On a High". Screen. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ↑ "Not moving closer to Congress: Shatrughan Sinha". The Hindu. 14 April 2008. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ↑ "Mithun's first Bhojpuri film creates record in Bihar". Screen. 3 October 2008. Archived from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ↑ Kapoor, Saurabh (7 February 2008). "Bhojpuri cinema heads to Berlin". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 May 2018.
- ↑ Discovery of 2008: Siddharth Sinha, Silver Bear Winner at Berlin Archived 2010-07-05 at the Wayback Machine January 2009.
- ↑ "Cut to fame". Indian Express. 8 September 2009. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 August 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ "Strong at 50, Bhojpuri cinema celebrates". Indian Express. 14 February 2011. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012.
- ↑ "Indian Viraj Bhojpuri Movie". bhojpurifilmiduniya.com. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
- ↑ "Nagdev Bhojpuri Movie". www.Bhojpurifilmiduniya.com. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
- ↑ "भोजपुरी सिनेमा की सबसे ज्यादा कमाई करने वाली फिल्में". Navbharat Times (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 17 February 2022.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Ghosh, Avijit (2010). Cinema Bhojpuri. Penguin Books Limited. ISBN 978-81-8475-256-4.
- Gokulsing, K. Moti; Dissanayake, Wimal (2013). Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-77284-9.