Mahagathbandhan (Bihar): Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Political alliance}}
{{Short description|Political alliance}}
{{about|the regional political alliance in Bihar|the multi-state political alliance at the national level|Mahagathbandhan (2019)}}
{{about|the regional political alliance in Bihar|the multi-state political alliance at the national level|Mahagathbandhan (2019)|the regional political alliance in Jharkhand|Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)}}
{{for|the regional political alliance in Jharkhand|Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)}}
 
{{Infobox Indian political party
{{Infobox Indian political party
|party_name        = '''Mahagathbandhan'''
|party_name        = '''Mahagathbandhan'''
|abbreviation      =   
|abbreviation      =   
|founder          =
|founder          =
|colorcode        = {{Rashtriya Janata Dal/meta/color}}
|colorcode        = {{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
|leader=[[Tejashwi Yadav]]
|leader=[[Tejashwi Yadav]]
|chairman          = [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]]
|chairman          = [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]]
Line 17: Line 17:
|national_convener =
|national_convener =
| state_seats_name  = [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| state_seats_name  = [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| state_seats      = {{Composition bar|91|243|hex={{Rashtriya Janata Dal/meta/color}}}}
| state_seats      = {{Composition bar|91|243|hex={{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}}}
| state2_seats_name = [[Bihar Legislative Council]]
| state2_seats_name = [[Bihar Legislative Council]]
| state2_seats      = {{Composition bar|7|75|hex=#008000}}
| state2_seats      = {{Composition bar|7|75|hex=#008000}}
|no_of_members    = [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar) #Current members|5 Parties]]
|no_of_members    = [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)#Current members|5 Parties]]
|foundation        = {{start date and age|2015}}
|foundation        = {{start date and age|2015}}
|position          =  
|position          =  
|rajyasabha_seats  = {{Composition bar|5|245|hex=#008000}}
|rajyasabha_seats  = {{Composition bar|6|245|hex=#008000}}
|no_states        =  
|no_states        =  
|ideology={{Nowrap|[[Big tent]]<br />'''Factions:'''<br />[[Socialism]]<ref name="LS2014">{{cite web|work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|title=Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Know your party symbols!|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-lok-sabha-elections-2014-know-your-party-symbols-1974606|date=10 April 2014}}</ref><br />[[Secularism]]<ref name="LS2014"/><ref name="J.Soper">{{cite book |last1=Soper |first1=J. Christopher |last2=Fetzer |first2=Joel S. |date=2018 |title=Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y7BoDwAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |pages=200–210 |isbn=978-1-107-18943-0 }}</ref><br />[[Progressivism]]<ref name="LS2014"/><br />[[Communism]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cpiml.org/documents-2/10th-congress-cpiml/general-programme-of-cpiml/|title=General Programme of CPI(ML)|date=6 April 2013|website=Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) website|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref><ref name="Leninism">{{cite book |last1=Chakrabarty |first1=Bidyut |date= 2014|title=Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies |publisher= [[Oxford University Press]]|page= 314 |isbn=978-0-199-97489-4 }}</ref><br/>[[Marxism-Leninism]]<ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/a/communistparty.in/cpi/brief-history-of-cpi|title=Brief History of CPI - CPI|access-date=1 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209001241/https://sites.google.com/a/communistparty.in/cpi/brief-history-of-cpi#|archive-date=9 December 2015|url-status = live}}</ref>}}}}
|ideology={{Nowrap|[[Big tent]]<br />'''Factions:'''<br />[[Socialism]]<ref name="LS2014">{{cite web|work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|title=Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Know your party symbols!|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-lok-sabha-elections-2014-know-your-party-symbols-1974606|date=10 April 2014}}</ref><br />[[Secularism]]<ref name="LS2014"/><ref name="J.Soper">{{cite book |last1=Soper |first1=J. Christopher |last2=Fetzer |first2=Joel S. |date=2018 |title=Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y7BoDwAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |pages=200–210 |isbn=978-1-107-18943-0 }}</ref><br />[[Progressivism]]<ref name="LS2014"/><br />[[Communism]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cpiml.org/documents-2/10th-congress-cpiml/general-programme-of-cpiml/|title=General Programme of CPI(ML)|date=6 April 2013|website=Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) website|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref><ref name="Leninism">{{cite book |last1=Chakrabarty |first1=Bidyut |date= 2014|title=Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies |publisher= [[Oxford University Press]]|page= 314 |isbn=978-0-199-97489-4 }}</ref><br/>[[Marxism-Leninism]]<ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/a/communistparty.in/cpi/brief-history-of-cpi|title=Brief History of CPI - CPI|access-date=1 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209001241/https://sites.google.com/a/communistparty.in/cpi/brief-history-of-cpi#|archive-date=9 December 2015|url-status = live}}</ref>}}}}
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==History==
==History==
On 7 June 2015, Lalu Prasad Yadav announced the RJD was joining in an alliance with the JDU for the election.<ref name="Firstpost">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/lalu-nitish-seal-the-deal-rjd-jdu-join-hands-for-bihar-polls-seat-sharing-talks-on-the-cards-2283878.html|title=Lalu, Nitish seal the deal: RJD, JD(U) form alliance for Bihar polls, seat sharing talks on cards|work=Firstpost}}</ref><ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{cite web|title=Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav alliance may be a 90-seat worry for BJP|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/nitish-kumar-and-lalu-prasad-yadav-alliance-may-be-a-90-seat-worry-for-bjp/articleshow/47637013.cms}}</ref> On 13 July, he led a march demanding that the central government release its findings from the [[Socio Economic Caste Census 2011]] (SECC) on caste.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/lalu-leads-march-for-caste-census-data/article7418607.ece|title=Lalu leads march for caste census data}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Lalus-Ultimatum-to-Modi-Government-on-Caste-Census-Data/2015/07/14/article2918611.ece|title=Lalu's Ultimatum to Modi Government on Caste Census Data}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/caste-census-data-demand-is-jehad-lalu/article7449349.ece|title=Caste census data demand is ‘jehad’: Lalu}}</ref> Union Minister [[Ram Vilas Paswan]] supported a comprehensive classification of caste data of SECC 2011 before its release.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/ram-vilas-dalit-face-wherever-you-go-manjhi-can-be-mahadalit-face/|title=‘Ram Vilas Dalit face wherever you go, Jitan Ram Manjhi can be Mahadalit face’}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/lalu-prasad-nitish-kumar-to-be-hit-hardest-if-caste-data-released-paswan/|title=Lalu Prasad, Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Paswan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/lalu-prasad-yadav-nitish-kumar-to-be-hit-hardest-if-caste-data-released-ram-vilas-paswan/articleshow/48134227.cms|title=Lalu Prasad Yadav , Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Ram Vilas Paswan}}</ref> BJP Leader [[Sushil Kumar Modi]] called for a rectification of errors in the cases of 1.46 crore people in India, including 1.75 lakh in Bihar, before releasing the caste data.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/caste-census-data-release-after-error-correction-sushil-115072100870_1.html|title=Caste census data to be release after error correction: Sushil Modi}}</ref>
On 7 June 2015, Lalu Prasad Yadav announced the RJD was joining in an alliance with the JDU for the election.<ref name="Firstpost">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/lalu-nitish-seal-the-deal-rjd-jdu-join-hands-for-bihar-polls-seat-sharing-talks-on-the-cards-2283878.html|title=Lalu, Nitish seal the deal: RJD, JD(U) form alliance for Bihar polls, seat sharing talks on cards|work=Firstpost}}</ref><ref name="economictimes.indiatimes.com">{{cite web|title=Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav alliance may be a 90-seat worry for BJP|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/nitish-kumar-and-lalu-prasad-yadav-alliance-may-be-a-90-seat-worry-for-bjp/articleshow/47637013.cms}}</ref> On 13 July, he led a march demanding that the central government release its findings from the [[Socio Economic Caste Census 2011]] (SECC) on caste.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/lalu-leads-march-for-caste-census-data/article7418607.ece|title=Lalu leads march for caste census data}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Lalus-Ultimatum-to-Modi-Government-on-Caste-Census-Data/2015/07/14/article2918611.ece|title=Lalu's Ultimatum to Modi Government on Caste Census Data}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/caste-census-data-demand-is-jehad-lalu/article7449349.ece|title=Caste census data demand is ‘jehad’: Lalu}}</ref> Union Minister [[Ram Vilas Paswan]] supported a comprehensive classification of caste data of SECC 2011 before its release.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/ram-vilas-dalit-face-wherever-you-go-manjhi-can-be-mahadalit-face/|title=‘Ram Vilas Dalit face wherever you go, Jitan Ram Manjhi can be Mahadalit face’}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/lalu-prasad-nitish-kumar-to-be-hit-hardest-if-caste-data-released-paswan/|title=Lalu Prasad, Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Paswan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/lalu-prasad-yadav-nitish-kumar-to-be-hit-hardest-if-caste-data-released-ram-vilas-paswan/articleshow/48134227.cms|title=Lalu Prasad Yadav , Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Ram Vilas Paswan}}</ref> BJP Leader [[Sushil Kumar Modi]] called for a rectification of errors in the cases of 1.46 crore people in India, including 1.75 lakh in Bihar, before releasing the caste data.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/caste-census-data-release-after-error-correction-sushil-115072100870_1.html|title=Caste census data to be release after error correction: Sushil Modi}}</ref>


On 3 August, incumbent Chief Minister Nitish Kumar declared that he would not stand in the election.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/nitish-kumar-wont-contest-polls-will-devote-time-for-campaigning-rabri-devi/1/455939.html|title=Won't contest Bihar polls, will devote time for campaigning, says Nitish Kumar}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/wont-contest-bihar-elections-nitish-kumar/articleshow/48329857.cms|title=Won't contest Bihar elections: Nitish Kumar}}</ref> On 11 August, he announced the seat-sharing formula, according to which JD(U) and RJD will contest 100 seats each, while Congress will contest 40 seats in Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/08/12/nitish-kumar-bihar-electi_n_7976138.html|title=Nitish Kumar Announces Seat-Sharing Formula For Bihar Elections: JD(U)-RJD To Contest On 100 Seats Each, Congress 40}}</ref> NCP pulled out of this alliance later.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-ncp-pulls-out-of-jdu-rjd-cong-alliance-may-contest-alone/|title=Bihar elections: NCP pulls out of anti-BJP alliance, may contest alone}}</ref> On 23 September, Nitish Kumar announced the list of 242 candidates for the JDU-RJD-INC alliance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/backward-class-candidates-get-lions-share-in-nitish-kumars-list/|title=Bihar polls: Nitish Kumar releases ‘joint list’ of 242 candidates, OBCs get lion’s share}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/nitish-kumar-yields-lalu-prasad-gets-both-his-sons-an-assembly-ticket-each/|title=Nitish Kumar yields, Lalu Prasad gets both his sons an Assembly ticket each}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Nitish-led-alliance-releases-list-of-242-candidates-for-Bihar-polls/articleshow/49071470.cms|title=Nitish-led alliance releases list of 242 candidates for Bihar polls}}</ref> OBCs were most favoured in the alliance ticket distribution plan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/OBCs-most-favoured-in-alliance-plan/articleshow/49081419.cms|title=OBCs most favoured in alliance plan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/in-bihar-elections-it-is-my-social-combination-versus-yours/|title=In Bihar elections, it is my social combination versus yours}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-obcs-and-dalits-70-in-nitish-list-upper-castes-42-in-bjp/|title=Bihar elections: OBCs and Dalits 70% in Nitish list, upper castes 42% in BJP|date=24 September 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref> 10% of tickets were allotted to women candidate by the alliance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Little-room-for-women-in-Grand-design/articleshow/49081383.cms|title=Little room for women in Nitish's 'Grand' design|work=The Times of India}}</ref>
On 3 August, incumbent Chief Minister Nitish Kumar declared that he would not stand in the election.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/nitish-kumar-wont-contest-polls-will-devote-time-for-campaigning-rabri-devi/1/455939.html|title=Won't contest Bihar polls, will devote time for campaigning, says Nitish Kumar}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/wont-contest-bihar-elections-nitish-kumar/articleshow/48329857.cms|title=Won't contest Bihar elections: Nitish Kumar}}</ref> On 11 August, he announced the seat-sharing formula, according to which JD(U) and RJD will contest 100 seats each, while Congress will contest 40 seats in Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/08/12/nitish-kumar-bihar-electi_n_7976138.html|title=Nitish Kumar Announces Seat-Sharing Formula For Bihar Elections: JD(U)-RJD To Contest On 100 Seats Each, Congress 40}}</ref> NCP pulled out of this alliance later.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-ncp-pulls-out-of-jdu-rjd-cong-alliance-may-contest-alone/|title=Bihar elections: NCP pulls out of anti-BJP alliance, may contest alone}}</ref> On 23 September, Nitish Kumar announced the list of 242 candidates for the JDU-RJD-INC alliance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/backward-class-candidates-get-lions-share-in-nitish-kumars-list/|title=Bihar polls: Nitish Kumar releases ‘joint list’ of 242 candidates, OBCs get lion’s share}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/nitish-kumar-yields-lalu-prasad-gets-both-his-sons-an-assembly-ticket-each/|title=Nitish Kumar yields, Lalu Prasad gets both his sons an Assembly ticket each}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Nitish-led-alliance-releases-list-of-242-candidates-for-Bihar-polls/articleshow/49071470.cms|title=Nitish-led alliance releases list of 242 candidates for Bihar polls}}</ref> OBCs were most favoured in the alliance ticket distribution plan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/OBCs-most-favoured-in-alliance-plan/articleshow/49081419.cms|title=OBCs most favoured in alliance plan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/in-bihar-elections-it-is-my-social-combination-versus-yours/|title=In Bihar elections, it is my social combination versus yours}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bihar-polls-obcs-and-dalits-70-in-nitish-list-upper-castes-42-in-bjp/|title=Bihar elections: OBCs and Dalits 70% in Nitish list, upper castes 42% in BJP|date=24 September 2015|work=The Indian Express}}</ref> 10% of tickets were allotted to women candidate by the alliance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Little-room-for-women-in-Grand-design/articleshow/49081383.cms|title=Little room for women in Nitish's 'Grand' design|work=The Times of India}}</ref>
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The Mahagathbandhan contested in Bihar legislative assembly elections of 2015 against [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and its key allies [[Lok Janshakti Party]] and [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]] . The Bharatiya Janata Party and its allies lost badly making the way for JD (U)+RJD+Congress to triumph with 178 out of 243 seats. The BJP and its allies managed to get only 58 seats.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bihar verdict: How RJD, Congress, JDU turned vote share to seats|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/bihar-verdict-how-rjd-congress-jdu-turned-vote-share-to-seats/story-dEYmNkluVvWP3M3vEFeliL.html|accessdate=16 November 2015}}</ref>
The Mahagathbandhan contested in Bihar legislative assembly elections of 2015 against [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and its key allies [[Lok Janshakti Party]] and [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]] . The Bharatiya Janata Party and its allies lost badly making the way for JD (U)+RJD+Congress to triumph with 178 out of 243 seats. The BJP and its allies managed to get only 58 seats.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bihar verdict: How RJD, Congress, JDU turned vote share to seats|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/bihar-verdict-how-rjd-congress-jdu-turned-vote-share-to-seats/story-dEYmNkluVvWP3M3vEFeliL.html|accessdate=16 November 2015}}</ref>
===Dissent and defection===
===Dissent and defection===
After successfully winning the elections of 2015, the defection in Mahagathbandhan occurred with alleged attempt of [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] leaders to break Janata Dal (United) elected legislators. [[Nitish Kumar]], the then leader of JD (U) and the Chief Minister for 5th time<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/nitish-kumar-sworn-in-as-bihar-chief-minister-for-fifth-time-115112000458_1.html|title=Nitish Kumar sworn in as Bihar Chief Minister for fifth time|author=ANI|date=20 November 2015|accessdate=10 April 2016}}</ref> was thus forced to join the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and NDA once again to secure the interest of his parties.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/live-nitish-kumar-forms-new-government-in-bihar-with-bjp-oath-today-1729667|title=LIVE: Nitish Kumar Forms Government In Bihar With BJP; Rahul Gandhi, Tejashwi Yadav Lash Out|website=NDTV|accessdate=2020-10-05}}</ref>
After successfully winning the elections of 2015, the defection in Mahagathbandhan occurred with alleged attempt of [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] leaders to break Janata Dal (United) elected legislators. [[Nitish Kumar]], the then leader of JD (U) and the Chief Minister for 5th time<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/nitish-kumar-sworn-in-as-bihar-chief-minister-for-fifth-time-115112000458_1.html|title=Nitish Kumar sworn in as Bihar Chief Minister for fifth time|author=ANI|date=20 November 2015|accessdate=10 April 2016}}</ref> was thus forced to join the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and NDA once again to secure the interest of his parties.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/live-nitish-kumar-forms-new-government-in-bihar-with-bjp-oath-today-1729667|title=LIVE: Nitish Kumar Forms Government In Bihar With BJP; Rahul Gandhi, Tejashwi Yadav Lash Out|website=NDTV|accessdate=2020-10-05}}</ref>


However, the entry of JD (U) made other allies of Bhartiya Janata Party embarrassed . Thus the rival party of JD (U), [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]] drifted away with its leader [[Upendra Kushwaha]] from the hold of NDA . The drifting away of [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]] created uncertainties in the camp of National Democratic Alliance over shifting of the support of [[Koeri]] caste on whom RLSP was thought to have strong hold.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/politics/upendra-kushwahas-exit-could-undo-bjps-carefully-planned-bihar-caste-coalition/161356/|title=Upendra Kushwaha’s exit could undo BJP’s carefully planned Bihar caste coalition|website=theprint.in|accessdate=2020-10-05}}</ref> But in 2019 [[Lok Sabha |General Elections]]  the JD(U) balanced the loss incurred due to the defection of Upendra Kushwaha and Bharatiya Janata Party and Janata Dal (United) secured victory over the putatively put alliance of [[Rastriya Janata Dal|RJD]]+[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]+[[Indian National Congress|INC]]+[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]+[[Vikassheel Insaan Party|VIP]] parties. Subsequently, [[Vikassheel Insaan Party|VIP]] and [[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]] switched to the [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/bihar/bihar-lok-sabha-election-results-live-news/articleshow/69457325.cms|title=Bihar Election Results: BJP-JD(U) alliance sweeps Bihar, gets 39 of the 40 seats|website=economic times|accessdate=2020-10-05}}</ref>
However, the entry of JD (U) made other allies of Bhartiya Janata Party embarrassed . Thus the rival party of JD (U), [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]] drifted away with its leader [[Upendra Kushwaha]] from the hold of NDA . The drifting away of [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]] created uncertainties in the camp of National Democratic Alliance over shifting of the support of [[Koeri]] caste on whom RLSP was thought to have strong hold.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/politics/upendra-kushwahas-exit-could-undo-bjps-carefully-planned-bihar-caste-coalition/161356/|title=Upendra Kushwaha’s exit could undo BJP’s carefully planned Bihar caste coalition|website=theprint.in|accessdate=2020-10-05}}</ref> But in 2019 [[Lok Sabha|General Elections]]  the JD(U) balanced the loss incurred due to the defection of Upendra Kushwaha and Bharatiya Janata Party and Janata Dal (United) secured victory over the putatively put alliance of [[Rastriya Janata Dal|RJD]]+[[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party|RLSP]]+[[Indian National Congress|INC]]+[[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]]+[[Vikassheel Insaan Party|VIP]] parties. Subsequently, [[Vikassheel Insaan Party|VIP]] and [[Hindustani Awam Morcha|HAM]] switched to the [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/bihar/bihar-lok-sabha-election-results-live-news/articleshow/69457325.cms|title=Bihar Election Results: BJP-JD(U) alliance sweeps Bihar, gets 39 of the 40 seats|website=economic times|accessdate=2020-10-05}}</ref>


==Current members==
==Current members==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! style="width:30px;"|No
! No.
! style="width:200px;"|Party
! colspan=2|Party
! style="widhth:100px;"|Flag  
! Flag  
! style="widhth:100px;"|Symbol
! Symbol
! style="width:175px;"|Current No. of MLAs in Bihar Assembly
! Current No. of MLAs in Bihar Assembly
! style="width:175px;"|Current No. of MLCs in Bihar Council
! Current No. of MLCs in Bihar Council
|-
|-
|style="background-color:{{Rashtriya Janata Dal/meta/color}}; text-align: center;" | 1
! 1
| [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
| {{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
| [[File:RJD_Flag.svg|center|75x75px]]
| [[File:RJD_Flag.svg|center|75x75px]]
| [[File:Indian Election Symbol Hurricane Lamp.png|150px]]
| [[File:Indian Election Symbol Hurricane Lamp.png|75px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 75
| style="text-align: center;" | 75
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
|-
|-
|style="background-color:{{Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation/meta/color}}; text-align: center;" | 2
! 2
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation}}
|
|
| [[File:Flag Logo of CPIML.png|150px]]
| [[File:Flag Logo of CPIML.png|75px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 12
| style="text-align: center;" | 12
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
|-
|-
|style="background-color:{{Communist Party of India (Marxist)/meta/color}}; text-align: center;" | 4
! 3
| [[Communist Party of India]]
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}
|[[File:CPI-banner.svg|center|75x75px]]
|[[File:CPI-banner.svg|center|75x75px]]
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Ears of Corn and Sickle.png|150px]]
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Ears of Corn and Sickle.png|75px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
|-
|-
|style="background-color:{{Communist Party of India (Marxist)/meta/color}}; text-align: center;" | 3
! 4
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| [[File:CPI(M) Flag.jpg|center|75x75px]]
| [[File:CPI(M) Flag.jpg|center|75x75px]]
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Hammer Sickle and Star.png|150px]]
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Hammer Sickle and Star.png|75px]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
|-
|-
|style="background-color:{{Rashtriya Janata Dal/meta/color}}; text-align: center;" | 
! Colspan=5|Total
| '''Total'''
! 91
|
! 7
|
| style="text-align: center;" | '''91'''
| style="text-align: center;" | '''7'''
|}
|}


Line 99: Line 97:
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:2015 State Assembly elections in India]]
[[Category:2015 State Assembly elections in India|Bihar]]
[[Category:2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]
[[Category:2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]
[[Category:2020 in Indian politics]]
[[Category:2020 in Indian politics]]
[[Category:State Assembly elections in Bihar|2020]]

Latest revision as of 16:09, 11 January 2022


This article is about the regional political alliance in Bihar. For the multi-state political alliance at the national level, see Mahagathbandhan (2019). For the regional political alliance in Jharkhand, see Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand).


Mahagathbandhan
LeaderTejashwi Yadav
ChairpersonLalu Prasad Yadav
Founded2015; 11 years ago (2015)
IdeologyBig tent
Factions:
Socialism[1]
Secularism[1][2]
Progressivism[1]
Communism[3][4]
Marxism-Leninism[5]
Seats in Rajya Sabha
6 / 245
Seats in Bihar Legislative Assembly
91 / 243
Seats in Bihar Legislative Council
7 / 75

Mahagathbandhan (abbr. MGB[6]), also known as Grand Alliance, is a coalition of political parties in the Eastern state of Bihar in India, formed ahead of the upcoming 2020 Vidhan Sabha elections in Bihar. The alliance consists of Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), Indian National Congress (INC) and several Left parties including Communist Party of India (CPI), Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation-CPIML(Liberation) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPIM), with Tejashwi Yadav as the proposed Chief Minister candidate.[7]

History[edit | edit source]

On 7 June 2015, Lalu Prasad Yadav announced the RJD was joining in an alliance with the JDU for the election.[8][9] On 13 July, he led a march demanding that the central government release its findings from the Socio Economic Caste Census 2011 (SECC) on caste.[10][11][12] Union Minister Ram Vilas Paswan supported a comprehensive classification of caste data of SECC 2011 before its release.[13][14][15] BJP Leader Sushil Kumar Modi called for a rectification of errors in the cases of 1.46 crore people in India, including 1.75 lakh in Bihar, before releasing the caste data.[16]

On 3 August, incumbent Chief Minister Nitish Kumar declared that he would not stand in the election.[17][18] On 11 August, he announced the seat-sharing formula, according to which JD(U) and RJD will contest 100 seats each, while Congress will contest 40 seats in Bihar.[19] NCP pulled out of this alliance later.[20] On 23 September, Nitish Kumar announced the list of 242 candidates for the JDU-RJD-INC alliance.[21][22][23] OBCs were most favoured in the alliance ticket distribution plan.[24][25][26] 10% of tickets were allotted to women candidate by the alliance.[27]

Nitish Kumar was the declared chief ministerial candidate for the Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance). Kumar started his Har Ghar Dastak (door-to-door) campaign on 2 July.[28][29][30] Initially there were definite political overtures when both Lalu Prasad Yadav and Nitish Kumar shared stage together in a public[31] event commemorating former chief minister Satyendra Narain Sinha's birth anniversary that witnessed veiled attacks on each other, the last time[32] they did it in public. Prashant Kishor was a key election strategist for the alliance.[33][34]

The Mahagathbandhan contested in Bihar legislative assembly elections of 2015 against Bharatiya Janata Party and its key allies Lok Janshakti Party and Rashtriya Lok Samata Party . The Bharatiya Janata Party and its allies lost badly making the way for JD (U)+RJD+Congress to triumph with 178 out of 243 seats. The BJP and its allies managed to get only 58 seats.[35]

Dissent and defection[edit | edit source]

After successfully winning the elections of 2015, the defection in Mahagathbandhan occurred with alleged attempt of Rashtriya Janata Dal leaders to break Janata Dal (United) elected legislators. Nitish Kumar, the then leader of JD (U) and the Chief Minister for 5th time[36] was thus forced to join the Bharatiya Janata Party and NDA once again to secure the interest of his parties.[37]

However, the entry of JD (U) made other allies of Bhartiya Janata Party embarrassed . Thus the rival party of JD (U), Rashtriya Lok Samata Party drifted away with its leader Upendra Kushwaha from the hold of NDA . The drifting away of Rashtriya Lok Samata Party created uncertainties in the camp of National Democratic Alliance over shifting of the support of Koeri caste on whom RLSP was thought to have strong hold.[38] But in 2019 General Elections the JD(U) balanced the loss incurred due to the defection of Upendra Kushwaha and Bharatiya Janata Party and Janata Dal (United) secured victory over the putatively put alliance of RJD+RLSP+INC+HAM+VIP parties. Subsequently, VIP and HAM switched to the NDA.[39]

Current members[edit | edit source]

No. Party Flag Symbol Current No. of MLAs in Bihar Assembly Current No. of MLCs in Bihar Council
1 Rashtriya Janata Dal
75 5
2 Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation 12 0
3 Communist Party of India
Error creating thumbnail: File missing 2 2
4 Communist Party of India
2 0
Total 91 7

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Lok Sabha Elections 2014: Know your party symbols!". Daily News and Analysis. 10 April 2014.
  2. ↑ Soper, J. Christopher; Fetzer, Joel S. (2018). Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 200–210. ISBN 978-1-107-18943-0.
  3. ↑ "General Programme of CPI(ML)". Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) website. 6 April 2013. Retrieved 2020-03-23.
  4. ↑ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
  5. ↑ "Brief History of CPI - CPI". Archived from the original on 9 December 2015. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  6. ↑ "Post Bihar....the MGB fever". Rajya Sabha TV. 2015-11-20. Retrieved 2020-10-07.
  7. ↑ "Reasons behind JDU-RJD-Congress Mahagathbandhan's massive win in Bihar elections". News18. 2015-11-08. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
  8. ↑ "Lalu, Nitish seal the deal: RJD, JD(U) form alliance for Bihar polls, seat sharing talks on cards". Firstpost.
  9. ↑ "Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav alliance may be a 90-seat worry for BJP".
  10. ↑ "Lalu leads march for caste census data".
  11. ↑ "Lalu's Ultimatum to Modi Government on Caste Census Data".
  12. ↑ "Caste census data demand is 'jehad': Lalu".
  13. ↑ "'Ram Vilas Dalit face wherever you go, Jitan Ram Manjhi can be Mahadalit face'".
  14. ↑ "Lalu Prasad, Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Paswan".
  15. ↑ "Lalu Prasad Yadav , Nitish Kumar to be hit hardest if caste data released: Ram Vilas Paswan".
  16. ↑ "Caste census data to be release after error correction: Sushil Modi".
  17. ↑ "Won't contest Bihar polls, will devote time for campaigning, says Nitish Kumar".
  18. ↑ "Won't contest Bihar elections: Nitish Kumar".
  19. ↑ "Nitish Kumar Announces Seat-Sharing Formula For Bihar Elections: JD(U)-RJD To Contest On 100 Seats Each, Congress 40".
  20. ↑ "Bihar elections: NCP pulls out of anti-BJP alliance, may contest alone".
  21. ↑ "Bihar polls: Nitish Kumar releases 'joint list' of 242 candidates, OBCs get lion's share".
  22. ↑ "Nitish Kumar yields, Lalu Prasad gets both his sons an Assembly ticket each".
  23. ↑ "Nitish-led alliance releases list of 242 candidates for Bihar polls".
  24. ↑ "OBCs most favoured in alliance plan".
  25. ↑ "In Bihar elections, it is my social combination versus yours".
  26. ↑ "Bihar elections: OBCs and Dalits 70% in Nitish list, upper castes 42% in BJP". The Indian Express. 24 September 2015.
  27. ↑ "Little room for women in Nitish's 'Grand' design". The Times of India.
  28. ↑ "Har Ghar Dastak: Nitish's Bihar strategy is old fashioned door-to-door campaigning".
  29. ↑ "Nitish sounds poll bugle with 'Har Ghar Dastak'".
  30. ↑ Sajjad, Mohammad (8 November 2015). "How Nitish Kumar and Lalu Yadav won Bihar". rediff.com. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
  31. ↑ "They may have 'amicably' come to a seat-sharing agreement, but 15 months of tumultuous relationship later, Nitish Kumar and Lalu Yadav still remain frenemies". Retrieved 10 April 2016.
  32. ↑ "Giant slayer". Retrieved 10 April 2016.
  33. ↑ "Team 178: Faces behind Grand Alliance's victory in Bihar polls".
  34. ↑ "Amit Shah vs Prashant Kishor: Who will be the wizard of Bihar election?".
  35. ↑ "Bihar verdict: How RJD, Congress, JDU turned vote share to seats". Retrieved 16 November 2015.
  36. ↑ ANI (20 November 2015). "Nitish Kumar sworn in as Bihar Chief Minister for fifth time". Retrieved 10 April 2016.
  37. ↑ "LIVE: Nitish Kumar Forms Government In Bihar With BJP; Rahul Gandhi, Tejashwi Yadav Lash Out". NDTV. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
  38. ↑ "Upendra Kushwaha's exit could undo BJP's carefully planned Bihar caste coalition". theprint.in. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
  39. ↑ "Bihar Election Results: BJP-JD(U) alliance sweeps Bihar, gets 39 of the 40 seats". economic times. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
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