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{{Infobox organization | {{Infobox organization | ||
| name = Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP) | | name = Akhil | ||
Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP) | |||
| motto = | | motto = | ||
| image = | | image = | ||
| image_border = | | image_border = | ||
| size = | | size = | ||
| Line 21: | Line 23: | ||
| language = | | language = | ||
| leader_title = National President | | leader_title = National President | ||
| leader_name = Chhaganbhai Patel | | leader_name = Chhaganbhai Patel | ||
| leader_title2 = National General Secretary | | leader_title2 = National General Secretary | ||
| leader_name2 = Nidhi Tripathi | | leader_name2 = Nidhi Tripathi | ||
| leader_title3 | | leader_title3 = National Organising Secretary | ||
| leader_name3 | | leader_name3 = Ashish Chauhan | ||
| parent_organization = [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] (RSS) | |||
| | |||
| num_staff = | | num_staff = | ||
| membership = | | membership = 31,45,180<ref name="IE2021">{{cite news |title=15 दिसंबर, 2021 तक अभाविप की सदस्यता का आंकड़ा 31,45,180 है: निधी त्रिपाठी|url=https://twitter.com/ABVPVoice/status/1474398897585807363?t=E4xVuSOpABNwv5c7RCE1uQ&s=19 |access-date=25 December 2021 |work=Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad |date=24 December 2021 |language=en-IN}}</ref> | ||
| membership_year = | | membership_year = 2021-2022 | ||
| budget = | | budget = | ||
| website = {{URL|www.abvp.org}} | | website = {{URL|www.abvp.org}} | ||
| remarks = | | remarks = | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{short description|Indian student organisation}} | {{short description|Indian student organisation}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}} | {{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} | ||
'''Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP)''' ({{translation|''All Indian Student Council''}}) is a [[right-wing politics|right-wing]] <!-- wording from Feb 2016 --> all India [[student organisation]] affiliated to the [[Hindutva|Hindu nationalist]] [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] (RSS).<ref>Nilanjana Bhowmick, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/global-opinions/wp/2017/06/21/indias-crackdown-at-college-campuses-is-a-threat-to-democracy/?noredirect=on India’s crackdown at college campuses is a threat to democracy], The Washington Post, 21 June 2017.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/protests-by-bjym-abvp-mar-icet-counselling/article1874351.ece|title=Protests by BJYM, ABVP mar ICET counselling|newspaper=The Hindu|date=17 July 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://caravanmagazine.in/reportage/age-of-abvp|title=The age of ABVP|last1=Dubey|first1=Priyanka|date=October 2017|website=[[The Caravan]]|language=en|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> | '''Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP)''' ({{translation|''All Indian Student Council''}}) is a [[right-wing politics|right-wing]] <!-- wording from Feb 2016 --> all India [[student organisation]] affiliated to the [[Hindutva|Hindu nationalist]] [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] (RSS).<ref>Nilanjana Bhowmick, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/global-opinions/wp/2017/06/21/indias-crackdown-at-college-campuses-is-a-threat-to-democracy/?noredirect=on India’s crackdown at college campuses is a threat to democracy], The Washington Post, 21 June 2017.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/protests-by-bjym-abvp-mar-icet-counselling/article1874351.ece|title=Protests by BJYM, ABVP mar ICET counselling|newspaper=The Hindu|date=17 July 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://caravanmagazine.in/reportage/age-of-abvp|title=The age of ABVP|last1=Dubey|first1=Priyanka|date=October 2017|website=[[The Caravan]]|language=en|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> It is India's third largest student organisation with more than three million members.<ref name="latimes1">{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-india-student-activists-20160301-story.html |title=Controversial student activists turn India's universities into ideological battlegrounds |work=LA Times |date=24 February 2016 |access-date=28 June 2016}}</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The ABVP, founded in [[1948]] with the initiative of the [[RSS pracharak|RSS activist]] [[Balraj Madhok]], was formally registered on 9 July 1949.<ref name="Jaffrelot2010">{{cite book|author=Christophe Jaffrelot|title=Religion, Caste, and Politics in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XAO3i_gS61wC&pg=PA193|year=2010|publisher=Primus Books|isbn=978-93-80607-04-7|page=193}}</ref> Its primary purpose was to counter communist | The ABVP, founded in [[1948]] with the initiative of the [[RSS pracharak|RSS activist]] [[Balraj Madhok]], was formally registered on 9 July 1949.<ref name="Jaffrelot2010">{{cite book|author=Christophe Jaffrelot|title=Religion, Caste, and Politics in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XAO3i_gS61wC&pg=PA193|year=2010|publisher=Primus Books|isbn=978-93-80607-04-7|page=193}}</ref> Its primary purpose was to counter communist propaganda on university campuses.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XAO3i_gS61wC|title=Religion, Caste, and Politics in India|author=Christophe Jaffrelot|date=1 January 2010|publisher=Primus Books|isbn=9789380607047|page=47|language=en}}</ref> [[Yashwant Rao Kelkar]], a lecturer in [[Mumbai|Bombay]], became its main organiser in 1958. According to the ABVP website, he built the organisation into what it is now and is considered to be 'the real architect of the ABVP'.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abvp.org/about/|title=About|website=Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> | ||
Various branches of the ABVP have been involved in Hindu-Muslim communal riots since 1961.<ref name="kaiwar239">{{Cite book |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Sucheta |chapter=Politics of religion and national origin |title=Antinomies of Modernity: Essays on Race, Orient, Nation |editor1=Vasant Kaiwar |editor2=Sucheta Mazumdar |date=21 April 2003 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=0822330466 |page=239 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haJl-fvKqCcC&pg=PA239 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1=Violette |last1=Graff |first2=Juliette |last2=Galonnier |title=Hindu-Muslim Communal Riots in India I (1947-1986), Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence |publisher=[[Sciences Po]] |year=2013 |url=http://www.massviolence.org/IMG/article_PDF/Hindu-Muslim-Communal-Riots-in,736.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824023819/http://www.massviolence.org/IMG/article_PDF/Hindu-Muslim-Communal-Riots-in,736.pdf |archive-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> However, in the 1970s, the ABVP also increasingly took on issues concerning the lower middle classes like corruption and government inertia | Various branches of the ABVP have been involved in Hindu-Muslim communal riots since 1961.<ref name="kaiwar239">{{Cite book |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Sucheta |chapter=Politics of religion and national origin |title=Antinomies of Modernity: Essays on Race, Orient, Nation |editor1=Vasant Kaiwar |editor2=Sucheta Mazumdar |date=21 April 2003 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=0822330466 |page=239 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haJl-fvKqCcC&pg=PA239 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1=Violette |last1=Graff |first2=Juliette |last2=Galonnier |title=Hindu-Muslim Communal Riots in India I (1947-1986), Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence |publisher=[[Sciences Po]] |year=2013 |url=http://www.massviolence.org/IMG/article_PDF/Hindu-Muslim-Communal-Riots-in,736.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824023819/http://www.massviolence.org/IMG/article_PDF/Hindu-Muslim-Communal-Riots-in,736.pdf |archive-date=24 August 2013}}</ref> However, in the 1970s, the ABVP also increasingly took on issues concerning the lower middle classes like corruption and government inertia.<ref name="kaiwar239"/> The ABVP played a leading role in the agitational politics of the 1970s during the [[JP Movement]]. This led to collaboration among student activists in Gujarat and Bihar. The ABVP gained significantly from such efforts after [[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]] and experienced a growth in membership.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XAO3i_gS61wC|title=Religion, Caste, and Politics in India|last1=Jaffrelot|first1=Christophe|date=1 January 2010|publisher=Primus Books|isbn=9789380607047|page=193|language=en}}</ref> | ||
By 1974, the ABVP had 160,000 members across 790 campuses and had gained control over several prominent universities, including [[University of Delhi]] via student elections. By 1983, the organisation had 250,000 members and 1,100 branches.<ref name="kaiwar239"/> ABVP grew during the 1990s, receiving more support as a result of the [[Demolition of the Babri Masjid|Babri Masjid demolition]] and the economic liberalisation pursued by the [[P. V. Narasimharao]] government. It continued to grow after the [[United Progressive Alliance]] came to power in 2003, trebling in membership to 3.175 million members as of 2016.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/jnu-protests-jnusu-behind-abvp-confidence-govt-and-growth-rohith-vemula/ |title=JNU row: Behind ABVP's confidence, govt and growth |first=Deeptiman |last=Tiwary |publisher=The Indian Express |date=24 February 2016 |access-date=28 June 2016}}</ref> It claims to be India's largest student organisation.<ref name="latimes1"/> | By 1974, the ABVP had 160,000 members across 790 campuses and had gained control over several prominent universities, including [[University of Delhi]] via student elections. By 1983, the organisation had 250,000 members and 1,100 branches.<ref name="kaiwar239"/> ABVP grew during the 1990s, receiving more support as a result of the [[Demolition of the Babri Masjid|Babri Masjid demolition]] and the economic liberalisation pursued by the [[P. V. Narasimharao]] government. It continued to grow after the [[United Progressive Alliance]] came to power in 2003, trebling in membership to 3.175 million members as of 2016.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/jnu-protests-jnusu-behind-abvp-confidence-govt-and-growth-rohith-vemula/ |title=JNU row: Behind ABVP's confidence, govt and growth |first=Deeptiman |last=Tiwary |publisher=The Indian Express |date=24 February 2016 |access-date=28 June 2016}}</ref> It claims to be India's largest student organisation.<ref name="latimes1"/> | ||
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The ABVP's manifesto includes agendas such as educational and university reforms.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/article3884573.ece |title=ABVP educational reforms |publisher=Thehindu.com |date=11 September 2012 |access-date=6 May 2013|newspaper=The Hindu }}</ref> It competes in student-body elections in colleges and universities. Students for Development (SFD) is an initiative by the ABVP to promote "right perspective towards the need of holistic and sustainable development" in students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abvp.org/sfd|title=SFD|website=Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> The official ABVP magazine is ''Rashtriya Chhatrashakti'', which is published monthly in [[Hindi]] in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abvp.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=65&Itemid=80 |title=Обновление FLV Player |publisher=Abvp.org |access-date=6 May 2013}}</ref> | The ABVP's manifesto includes agendas such as educational and university reforms.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/article3884573.ece |title=ABVP educational reforms |publisher=Thehindu.com |date=11 September 2012 |access-date=6 May 2013|newspaper=The Hindu }}</ref> It competes in student-body elections in colleges and universities. Students for Development (SFD) is an initiative by the ABVP to promote "right perspective towards the need of holistic and sustainable development" in students.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abvp.org/sfd|title=SFD|website=Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad|access-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> The official ABVP magazine is ''Rashtriya Chhatrashakti'', which is published monthly in [[Hindi]] in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abvp.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=65&Itemid=80 |title=Обновление FLV Player |publisher=Abvp.org |access-date=6 May 2013}}</ref> | ||
=== | ===Violence=== | ||
ABVP has been | ABVP has been accused to multiple violent incidents, including stone pelting,<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 May 2007|title=Stone throwing during protest by ABVP in Hubli; 20 arrested|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Stone-throwing-during-protest-by-ABVP-in-Hubli-20-arrested/article14763604.ece|access-date=10 November 2017|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=11 July 2003|title=ABVP activists turn violent at CET Cell|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2003/07/11/stories/2003071104420600.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=10 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030902054828/http://www.thehindu.com/2003/07/11/stories/2003071104420600.htm|archive-date=2 September 2003}}</ref> arson,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Banerjee|first1=Tamaghna|date=20 September 2019|title=ABVP supporters commit arson at Jadavpur University gate, ransack rooms on campus|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/abvp-supporters-commit-arson-at-ju-gate-ransack-rooms-on-campus/articleshow/71209836.cms|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Protesting ABVP Students Lathicharged Outside Amnesty Office|website=The Wire|url=https://thewire.in/politics/amnesty-abvp-lathicharged}}</ref> vandalism<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=26 February 2008|title=ABVP activists vandalise DU History Department|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/ABVP-activists-vandalise-DU-History-Department/article15173859.ece|access-date=10 November 2017|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> and physical assault,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Byatnal|first1=Amruta|date=24 August 2013|title=ABVP thrashes FTII student for not saying 'Jai Narendra Modi'|newspaper=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/abvp-thrashes-ftii-student-for-not-saying-jai-narendra-modi/article5053110.ece|access-date=4 March 2014}}</ref> on college<ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=3 November 2017|title=ABVP 'activists' ransack Narayana college|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/abvp-activists-ransack-narayana-college/article19973716.ece|access-date=10 November 2017|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=25 May 2007|title=ABVP activists go on the rampage on college premises|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/ABVP-activists-go-on-the-rampage-on-college-premises/article14768437.ece|access-date=10 November 2017|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> and school campuses<ref>{{cite news|date=19 August 2011|title=Jharkhand: ABVP cadres ransack missionary school over Anna protest|publisher=India Today|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/ranchi-students-boycott-classes-to-support-anna-abvp-cadres-ransack-missionary-school/1/148592.html|access-date=4 March 2014}}</ref> and elsewhere,<ref name="HinduMasked20">{{cite news |title=As it happened: Masked goons strike terror in JNU, none arrested |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/live-updates-jnu-students-attacked-inside-campus-by-abvp-activists/article30486246.ece |access-date=6 January 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=5 January 2020}}</ref><ref name="ITBarged20">{{cite news |title=ABVP members barged into JNU hostels, attacked students with sticks, claims JNUSU |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/jawaharlal-nehru-university-sabarmati-hostel-abvp-jnusu-1634173-2020-01-05 |access-date=6 January 2020 |work=India Today |date=5 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://ibnlive.in.com/news/right-wing-activists-target-kashmiri-film-fest-in-hyderabad/420312-62-127.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130911164137/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/right-wing-activists-target-kashmiri-film-fest-in-hyderabad/420312-62-127.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= 11 September 2013 |title= Right wing activists target Kashmiri film fest in Hyderabad |publisher= IBN-Live |date= 7 September 2013 |access-date= 4 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.sunday-guardian.com/artbeat/right-wing-hooligans-and-a-complicit-state |title= Right-wing hooligans and a complicit State |publisher= The Sunday Guardian |date= 24 August 2013 |access-date= 4 March 2014}}</ref> even leading to the victims' deaths in some cases.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Prof-murder-two-ABVP-men-arrested/articleshow/1945429.cms|title=Prof murder: two ABVP men arrested|work=[[The Times of India]] | date=1 September 2006 | access-date=27 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/khandwa-prof-dies-after-abvp-assault/story-2C1A8OMZqPlFY63ZoJFfhP.html |title= Khandwa prof dies after ABVP assault|publisher= Hindustan Times |date= 12 March 2011 |access-date= 27 September 2018}}</ref> Most notably, on 5 January 2020, according to the [[Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union]], masked ABVP members attacked JNU students, smashing cars and pelted stones, while ABVP accused left wing organisations. ABVP later confessed the same on national media<ref>{{cite news |title=Listen in: ABVP Delhi State Jt Secretary 'explains' the video of alleged ABVP violence in JNU. |url=https://twitter.com/TimesNow/status/1214229897717010433?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1214229897717010433&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fthelogicalindian.com%2Fnews%2Fabvp-delhi-joint-secretary%2F |access-date=8 January 2020 |work=Times Now |publisher=Twitter |date=6 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title='Asked to Step Out With Rods, Acid': ABVP Delhi Joint Secretary Admits Its Men Were Armed in JNU |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/asked-to-step-out-with-rods-acid-abvp-delhi-joint-secretary-admits-its-men-were-armed-in-jnu-2448373.html |access-date=8 January 2020 |work=News18 |date=7 January 2020 }}</ref> and in a [[sting operation]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Akshat Awasthi not our member, claims ABVP after India Today sting exposes JNU violence |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/india-today-sting-operation-jawaharlal-nehru-university-violence-jnu-attackers-abvp-delhi-police-aishe-ghosh-1635757-2020-01-10 |access-date=11 January 2020 |work=The India Today |date=10 January 2020}}</ref> and the veracity of ABVP's involvement was also found out through [[investigative journalism]] which was later confirmed by Delhi Police.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Pratik |title=Investigating the masked woman photographed during JNU violence |url=https://www.altnews.in/investigating-the-masked-woman-photographed-during-jnu-violence/ |access-date=11 January 2020 |work=[[AltNews.in]] |date=10 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newslaundry.com/|last1=Malik|first1=Anukriti|date=7 January 2020|website=Newslaundry|language=en-UK|access-date=11 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://thewire.in/government/jnu-masked-woman-komal-sharma-abvp-delhi-police-confirm |title=JNU Attack: Delhi Police Confirm Masked Woman Is ABVP Member Komal Sharma|access-date=2 February 2020 |work=The Wire |date=15 January 2020}}</ref> A total of 28 people were injured, including students and teachers.<ref name="HinduMasked20" /><ref name="ITBarged20" /> | ||
== Initiatives == | == Initiatives == | ||
=== Mission Sahasi === | === Mission Sahasi === | ||
ABVP conducts self-defense training program for girls titled "Mission Sahasi" all over India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Over 3,000 girls participate in | ABVP conducts self-defense training program for girls titled "Mission Sahasi" all over India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Over 3,000 girls participate in ABVP's 'Mission Sahasi'|url=https://news.statetimes.in/over-3000-girls-participate-in-abvps-mission-sahasi/|access-date=2021-05-20|website=State Times|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/dec/13/vijayawada-girls-showcase-skills-post-martial-arts-workshop-2075377.html|title=Vijayawada girls showcase skills post martial arts workshop|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=16 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/abvp-starts-mission-sahasi-for-safety-of-girls-676002|title=ABVP starts 'Mission Sahasi' for safety of girls|work=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en|access-date=16 April 2020}}</ref> | ||
=== Mission Aarogya === | === Mission Aarogya === | ||
ABVP conducted door-to-door screening in more than 100 slums of Delhi for | ABVP conducted door-to-door screening in more than 100 slums of Delhi for Covid-19 symptoms and encouraged people to register for vaccination.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 16, 2021|title=ABVP plans drive to help slum residents |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/abvp-plans-drive-to-help-slum-residents/articleshow/82667832.cms|access-date=2021-05-20|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ABVP to start COVID-19 screening in 100 Delhi slums from May 16, asks 'neutral' students to join in|url=https://www.edexlive.com/news/2021/may/14/abvp-to-start-covid-19-screening-in-100-delhi-slums-from-may-16-asks-neutral-students-to-join-in-20710.html|access-date=2021-05-20|website=The New Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Delhi: ABVP to conduct mass screening to trace coronavirus cases in slum areas|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/delhi/2021/may/15/delhi-abvp-to-conduct-mass-screening-to-trace-coronavirus-cases-in-slum-areas-2302775.html|access-date=2021-05-20|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:15, 4 January 2022
| Abbreviation | ABVP |
|---|---|
| Formation | 9 July 1949 |
| Type | Student wing |
| Legal status | Active |
| Headquarters | Mumbai, Maharashtra, India |
Region served | India |
Membership (2021-2022) | 31,45,180[1] |
National President | Chhaganbhai Patel |
National General Secretary | Nidhi Tripathi |
National Organising Secretary | Ashish Chauhan |
Parent organization | Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) |
| Website | www |
Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP) (transl. All Indian Student Council) is a right-wing all India student organisation affiliated to the Hindu nationalist Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS).[2][3][4] It is India's third largest student organisation with more than three million members.[5]
History
The ABVP, founded in 1948 with the initiative of the RSS activist Balraj Madhok, was formally registered on 9 July 1949.[6] Its primary purpose was to counter communist propaganda on university campuses.[7] Yashwant Rao Kelkar, a lecturer in Bombay, became its main organiser in 1958. According to the ABVP website, he built the organisation into what it is now and is considered to be 'the real architect of the ABVP'.[8]
Various branches of the ABVP have been involved in Hindu-Muslim communal riots since 1961.[9][10] However, in the 1970s, the ABVP also increasingly took on issues concerning the lower middle classes like corruption and government inertia.[9] The ABVP played a leading role in the agitational politics of the 1970s during the JP Movement. This led to collaboration among student activists in Gujarat and Bihar. The ABVP gained significantly from such efforts after the Emergency and experienced a growth in membership.[11]
By 1974, the ABVP had 160,000 members across 790 campuses and had gained control over several prominent universities, including University of Delhi via student elections. By 1983, the organisation had 250,000 members and 1,100 branches.[9] ABVP grew during the 1990s, receiving more support as a result of the Babri Masjid demolition and the economic liberalisation pursued by the P. V. Narasimharao government. It continued to grow after the United Progressive Alliance came to power in 2003, trebling in membership to 3.175 million members as of 2016.[12] It claims to be India's largest student organisation.[5]
Links to the Bharatiya Janata Party
The ABVP spokesmen insist that the ABVP is not affiliated to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). They describe it the "student wing" of the RSS.[13] However, both the BJP and the ABVP are members of the Sangh Parivar, the RSS's "family of (affiliated) organisations".[14] The BJP is said to gain handsomely from the ABVP's support base and several politicians of the BJP, including the former Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, had their ideological foundation in the ABVP.[15] Several scholars make no distinction between the RSS and the BJP, and regard the ABVP as a student wing of both of them or either of them.[16][17][18][19]
In 2017, the ABVP faced a string of losses in student body elections. They included not only Delhi's Jawaharlal Nehru University and Delhi University, but also the Allahabad University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth in Uttar Pradesh, the Gujarat University and the Gauhati University. The loss in the Kashi Vidyapeeth was considered especially significant since it is in Varanasi, the prime minister Narendra Modi's home constituency. This is said to have caused alarm in the BJP, which set up a committee to study the issues causing the ABVP's decline.[15][20] ABVP was able to resurge in the year 2018 by winning the key posts of president, vice-president and joint secretary of students polls of Delhi university.[21] ABVP won all the six seats in the Hyderabad Central University students union polls after eight years[22]
Activities
The ABVP's manifesto includes agendas such as educational and university reforms.[23] It competes in student-body elections in colleges and universities. Students for Development (SFD) is an initiative by the ABVP to promote "right perspective towards the need of holistic and sustainable development" in students.[24] The official ABVP magazine is Rashtriya Chhatrashakti, which is published monthly in Hindi in New Delhi.[25]
Violence
ABVP has been accused to multiple violent incidents, including stone pelting,[26][27] arson,[28][29] vandalism[30] and physical assault,[31] on college[32][33] and school campuses[34] and elsewhere,[35][36][37][38] even leading to the victims' deaths in some cases.[39][40] Most notably, on 5 January 2020, according to the Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union, masked ABVP members attacked JNU students, smashing cars and pelted stones, while ABVP accused left wing organisations. ABVP later confessed the same on national media[41][42] and in a sting operation,[43] and the veracity of ABVP's involvement was also found out through investigative journalism which was later confirmed by Delhi Police.[44][45][46] A total of 28 people were injured, including students and teachers.[35][36]
Initiatives
Mission Sahasi
ABVP conducts self-defense training program for girls titled "Mission Sahasi" all over India.[47][48][49]
Mission Aarogya
ABVP conducted door-to-door screening in more than 100 slums of Delhi for Covid-19 symptoms and encouraged people to register for vaccination.[50][51][52]
References
- ↑ "15 दिसंबर, 2021 तक अभाविप की सदस्यता का आंकड़ा 31,45,180 है: निधी त्रिपाठी". Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad. 24 December 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
- ↑ Nilanjana Bhowmick, India’s crackdown at college campuses is a threat to democracy, The Washington Post, 21 June 2017.
- ↑ "Protests by BJYM, ABVP mar ICET counselling". The Hindu. 17 July 2007.
- ↑ Dubey, Priyanka (October 2017). "The age of ABVP". The Caravan. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Controversial student activists turn India's universities into ideological battlegrounds". LA Times. 24 February 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
- ↑ Christophe Jaffrelot (2010). Religion, Caste, and Politics in India. Primus Books. p. 193. ISBN 978-93-80607-04-7.
- ↑ Christophe Jaffrelot (1 January 2010). Religion, Caste, and Politics in India. Primus Books. p. 47. ISBN 9789380607047.
- ↑ "About". Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Mazumdar, Sucheta (21 April 2003). "Politics of religion and national origin". In Vasant Kaiwar; Sucheta Mazumdar (eds.). Antinomies of Modernity: Essays on Race, Orient, Nation. Duke University Press. p. 239. ISBN 0822330466.
- ↑ Graff, Violette; Galonnier, Juliette (2013). Hindu-Muslim Communal Riots in India I (1947-1986), Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence (PDF). Sciences Po. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2013.
- ↑ Jaffrelot, Christophe (1 January 2010). Religion, Caste, and Politics in India. Primus Books. p. 193. ISBN 9789380607047.
- ↑ Tiwary, Deeptiman (24 February 2016). "JNU row: Behind ABVP's confidence, govt and growth". The Indian Express. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
- ↑ Akhil Bhartiya Vidyarthi Parishad is not the students' wing of BJP: Shreehari Borikar, Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad web site, retrieved 22 April 2018.
- ↑ Spitz, Douglas (1993), "Cultural Pluralism, Revivalism, and Modernity in South Asia: The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh", in Crawford Young (ed.), The Rising Tide of Cultural Pluralism: The Nation-state at Bay?, Univ of Wisconsin Press, pp. 242–264, ISBN 978-0-299-13884-4
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Atul Chandra, A string of losses on campuses across India: Is the ABVP losing its appeal among students?, Catch News, 29 November 2017.
- ↑ Sonntag, Selma K. (1996). "The political saliency of language in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh". The Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics. 34 (2): 1–18. doi:10.1080/14662049608447722.: "Protests and lathi-charges continued throughout January, the former organised by a transitory student organisation...although the role of the BJP-affiliated ABVP student union seems to have been more conspicuous."
- ↑ Thapar, Romila (2014). "Banning Books". India Review. 13 (3): 283–286. doi:10.1080/14736489.2014.937277. S2CID 214654999.: "Thus, the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP), the student wing of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), currently in power in India, demanded the removal of an essay by A. K. Ramanujan from the reading-list of the History syllabus for the BA Degree at Delhi University."
- ↑ Amaresh Misra, Growing Social Unrest, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 32, No. 12 ( 22–28 Mar 1997), pp. 571-573, JSTOR 4405193: "To pre-empt this, the ABVP (the student wing of the RSS and the BJP) and allied forces let loose the spectre of violence which the administration, instead of controlling, instigated further."
- ↑ Navneet Sharma and Anamica, "Imbecility and Impudence: The Emergency and RSS", Mainstream Weekly, VOL LV, No 30, 16 July 2017: "The ideological parent of the BJP, the RSS, and its student wing, the ABVP, have their own crucial role in the BJP's anti-democratic-secular India agenda."
- ↑ ABVP loses student union polls on PM Modi turf, The Times of India, 5 November 2017.
- ↑ "ABVP wins president's, two other posts in DUSU polls, NSUI one". The Economic Times. 14 September 2018.
- ↑ "ABVP sweeps Hyderabad University students' union polls after 8 years". India Today. Ist. 7 October 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- ↑ "ABVP educational reforms". The Hindu. Thehindu.com. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- ↑ "SFD". Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
- ↑ "Обновление FLV Player". Abvp.org. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- ↑ "Stone throwing during protest by ABVP in Hubli; 20 arrested". The Hindu. 15 May 2007. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
- ↑ "ABVP activists turn violent at CET Cell". The Hindu. 11 July 2003. Archived from the original on 2 September 2003. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
- ↑ Banerjee, Tamaghna (20 September 2019). "ABVP supporters commit arson at Jadavpur University gate, ransack rooms on campus". The Times of India. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
- ↑ "Protesting ABVP Students Lathicharged Outside Amnesty Office". The Wire.
- ↑ "ABVP activists vandalise DU History Department". The Hindu. 26 February 2008. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
- ↑ Byatnal, Amruta (24 August 2013). "ABVP thrashes FTII student for not saying 'Jai Narendra Modi'". The Hindu. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- ↑ "ABVP 'activists' ransack Narayana college". The Hindu. Special Correspondent. 3 November 2017. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ "ABVP activists go on the rampage on college premises". The Hindu. 25 May 2007. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
- ↑ "Jharkhand: ABVP cadres ransack missionary school over Anna protest". India Today. 19 August 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 "As it happened: Masked goons strike terror in JNU, none arrested". The Hindu. 5 January 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 "ABVP members barged into JNU hostels, attacked students with sticks, claims JNUSU". India Today. 5 January 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
- ↑ "Right wing activists target Kashmiri film fest in Hyderabad". IBN-Live. 7 September 2013. Archived from the original on 11 September 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- ↑ "Right-wing hooligans and a complicit State". The Sunday Guardian. 24 August 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- ↑ "Prof murder: two ABVP men arrested". The Times of India. 1 September 2006. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
- ↑ "Khandwa prof dies after ABVP assault". Hindustan Times. 12 March 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
- ↑ "Listen in: ABVP Delhi State Jt Secretary 'explains' the video of alleged ABVP violence in JNU". Times Now. Twitter. 6 January 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
- ↑ "'Asked to Step Out With Rods, Acid': ABVP Delhi Joint Secretary Admits Its Men Were Armed in JNU". News18. 7 January 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
- ↑ "Akshat Awasthi not our member, claims ABVP after India Today sting exposes JNU violence". The India Today. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ↑ Sharma, Pratik (10 January 2020). "Investigating the masked woman photographed during JNU violence". AltNews.in. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ↑ Malik, Anukriti (7 January 2020). Newslaundry https://www.newslaundry.com/. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ "JNU Attack: Delhi Police Confirm Masked Woman Is ABVP Member Komal Sharma". The Wire. 15 January 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
- ↑ "Over 3,000 girls participate in ABVP's 'Mission Sahasi'". State Times. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
- ↑ "Vijayawada girls showcase skills post martial arts workshop". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ↑ "ABVP starts 'Mission Sahasi' for safety of girls". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ↑ "ABVP plans drive to help slum residents". The Times of India. 16 May 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
- ↑ "ABVP to start COVID-19 screening in 100 Delhi slums from May 16, asks 'neutral' students to join in". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
- ↑ "Delhi: ABVP to conduct mass screening to trace coronavirus cases in slum areas". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
Further reading
- Kaiwar, Vasant; Mazumdar, Sucheta (21 April 2003). Antinomies of Modernity: Essays on Race, Orient, Nation. Duke University Press. pp. 239–. ISBN 0-8223-3046-6.
- Basu, Amrita (30 June 2015). Violent Conjunctures in Democratic India. Cambridge University Press. pp. 258–. ISBN 978-1-107-08963-1.
- Jaffrelot, Christophe (2010). Religion, Caste, and Politics in India. Primus Books. pp. 47–. ISBN 978-93-80607-04-7.
External links