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{{Short description|Hindu village god}} | {{Short description|Hindu village god}} | ||
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{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}} | ||
[[File:Sudalaimadan.jpg|thumb|sudalai madan]] | |||
'''Sudalai Madan''' is a rural [[god]] worshipped predominantly in South India. He is regarded as a [[Village deities of South India|Kaval deivam]] ("guardian deity") that protects against evil forces. In central to southern Kerala, he is known as Madan thampuran, Chudala madan or simply as Madan. | '''Sudalai Madan''' is a rural [[god]] worshipped predominantly in South India. He is regarded as a [[Village deities of South India|Kaval deivam]] ("guardian deity") that protects against evil forces. In central to southern Kerala, he is known as Madan thampuran, Chudala madan or simply as Madan. | ||
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Sudalai is the guardian of the ''kodimaram'' (Flagstaff) in every temple. | Sudalai is the guardian of the ''kodimaram'' (Flagstaff) in every temple. | ||
Sudalai Madan or Madan, is a regional Tamil male deity who is popular in South India, particularly Tamil Nadu. He is considered to be the son of Shiva and Parvati. He seems to have originated in some ancestral guardian spirit of the villages or communities in Tamil Nadu, in a similar manner as Ayyanar. | |||
He is considered to be the son of Sivan and Parvati. | |||
==Temples== | The story about Mada Samy tells of his birth on Kailasa, the mountain home of Siva and Parvathi. It is said that Devi Parvathi wanted a child, but Lord Siva had sworn celibacy. He had promised to be chaste at the request of the gods, since they had feared that his union with Parvathy would be so powerful it would shatter the universe. Siva suggests another way to have a child. He tells Parvathy to go to Patala Loka, the watery underworld, and to gather a spark from the sacred lamp that burns there. Parvathi did so, carrying the spark in the hem of her skirt. | ||
When Parvathi Devi returned to Kailasa, she opened the folds of her skirt, and found that the spark had become a shapeless mass of tissue. she was really worried and pleaded shiva to give her a solution. Thus sudalai madan is often called as Mundan which means a person without head and other body parts. Siva asked Brahma to give the baby a shape. shiva gave life to the baby . He named him as sudalai madan because, he came to the world because of a lamp(sudar)and he was shapeless. The boy was blessed by everyone and he was brought up as their son. | |||
Parvathi initially feeds the child on Amrita (the nectar of immortality), instead of on breast milk. So it is said that the child became immortal. However, the child also became desirous for solid food. He went to the cremation grounds ("sudalai") on Kailasa, and began to eat the bodies that were burning there. When he finished those, he began to eat everything around him, the other spirits, the animals, the trees, the ground itself etc. He feasted with a heavy appetite. | |||
Because he ate so much, and since he had such a fondness for meat, it was decided that he ought not remain in Heaven. Siva instructed him to go to Earth, and to care for its people. Siva proclaimed that Mada Samy's protection and kindness would be re-paid with offerings of cooked food and drink, and thus he would always have a meal, as well as people who would pray to him. So Mada Samy came to earth, accompanied by a number of singers and dancers who were sent by Siva to see to his worship. Many of the Paraiyar and Kanniyar drummers who play during the rituals to Mada Samy claim descent from these divine musicians. | |||
Madan is also popular amongst certain segments of the Tamil diaspora in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, Réunion and the French overseas territories in the Caribbean sea | |||
==Temples== [[File:Karuppu Sami.jpg|thumb|Karuppu Sami ,Karuppasamy]] | |||
Temples of Sudalai Madan include: | Temples of Sudalai Madan include: | ||
* Pozhikarai Village (popularly known as Pozhikarai Mayandi) on the banks of river [[Thamirabarani River|Thamirabarani]] | * Pozhikarai Village (popularly known as Pozhikarai Mayandi) on the banks of river [[Thamirabarani River|Thamirabarani]] | ||
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== Legend == | == Legend == | ||
The tales of Sudalai Madan originate from folk tradition, rather than Hindu scriptures. | The tales of Sudalai Madan originate from folk tradition, rather than Hindu scriptures. | ||
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Parvati initially feeds the child with ''[[amrita]]'' (the nectar of immortality), instead of breast milk - making him immortal. The child also wanted solid food. He went to the cremation grounds (''sudalai'') on Kailash and began to eat the burning corpses. Since he had such a fondness for meat, Shiva instructed him to go on Earth and protect humans. Offerings of cooked food and drink would be offered to him, seeking his favour. | Parvati initially feeds the child with ''[[amrita]]'' (the nectar of immortality), instead of breast milk - making him immortal. The child also wanted solid food. He went to the cremation grounds (''sudalai'') on Kailash and began to eat the burning corpses. Since he had such a fondness for meat, Shiva instructed him to go on Earth and protect humans. Offerings of cooked food and drink would be offered to him, seeking his favour. | ||
==Worship== | ==Worship== | ||
Often Sudalai Madan statues are triangular pillar-like structures. Figured statues are stone carved. He is situated either in the open or under a simple roof. The devotees serve him non-vegetarian foods which is against Hindu tradition . Goats, chickens, and pigs are sacrificed and served to him. Fridays are prescribed for his worship. Special [[Puja (Hinduism)|poojas]] are conducted the last Friday of Tamil months. Main festivals are conducted annually. These festivals are called "Kodai". Kodai is celebrated for one day to many days according to the devotees' need. Some famous temples celebrate it for 10 days. | Often Sudalai Madan statues are triangular pillar-like structures. Figured statues are stone carved. He is situated either in the open or under a simple roof. The devotees serve him non-vegetarian foods which is against Hindu tradition . Goats, chickens, and pigs are sacrificed and served to him. Fridays are prescribed for his worship. Special [[Puja (Hinduism)|poojas]] are conducted the last Friday of Tamil months. Main festivals are conducted annually. These festivals are called "Kodai". Kodai is celebrated for one day to many days according to the devotees' need. Some famous temples celebrate it for 10 days. | ||
[[File:Sudalaimadan.jpg|thumb|sudalai madan]] | |||
On these occasions, the deities are decorated with flowers. Some people become possessed and devotees talk to God through them. God goes hunting in the cemetery through this spiritually possessed person. Thappattai beats, Kaniyan Koothu (Maguda Kacheri) and Villupattu are the main performances of Sudalai Maadan Kodai festival. | On these occasions, the deities are decorated with flowers. Some people become possessed and devotees talk to God through them. God goes hunting in the cemetery through this spiritually possessed person. Thappattai beats, Kaniyan Koothu (Maguda Kacheri) and Villupattu are the main performances of Sudalai Maadan Kodai festival. | ||
==Outside India== | ==Outside India== | ||
Madan is popular amongst the [[Tamil diaspora]] in [[Sri Lanka]], [[Singapore]], [[Malaysia]], [[Réunion]] and [[France|French]] overseas territories in the [[Caribbean]] sea. | Madan is popular amongst the [[Tamil diaspora]] in [[Sri Lanka]], [[Singapore]], [[Malaysia]], [[Réunion]] and [[France|French]] overseas territories in the [[Caribbean]] sea. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
Revision as of 15:03, 15 December 2021
 | This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (August 2020) |
Sudalai Madan is a rural god worshipped predominantly in South India. He is regarded as a Kaval deivam ("guardian deity") that protects against evil forces. In central to southern Kerala, he is known as Madan thampuran, Chudala madan or simply as Madan.
The god is said to have created him and given the name Sudalai Madan as the protector against evil forces, emanating from cemeteries and burial grounds (sudalai). He is usually found with mother goddess Pechiamman, Brahmasakthi Amman and Sudalai Mundan. Madathi is his consort.
Sudalai is the guardian of the kodimaram (Flagstaff) in every temple. Sudalai Madan or Madan, is a regional Tamil male deity who is popular in South India, particularly Tamil Nadu. He is considered to be the son of Shiva and Parvati. He seems to have originated in some ancestral guardian spirit of the villages or communities in Tamil Nadu, in a similar manner as Ayyanar.
He is considered to be the son of Sivan and Parvati.
The story about Mada Samy tells of his birth on Kailasa, the mountain home of Siva and Parvathi. It is said that Devi Parvathi wanted a child, but Lord Siva had sworn celibacy. He had promised to be chaste at the request of the gods, since they had feared that his union with Parvathy would be so powerful it would shatter the universe. Siva suggests another way to have a child. He tells Parvathy to go to Patala Loka, the watery underworld, and to gather a spark from the sacred lamp that burns there. Parvathi did so, carrying the spark in the hem of her skirt.
When Parvathi Devi returned to Kailasa, she opened the folds of her skirt, and found that the spark had become a shapeless mass of tissue. she was really worried and pleaded shiva to give her a solution. Thus sudalai madan is often called as Mundan which means a person without head and other body parts. Siva asked Brahma to give the baby a shape. shiva gave life to the baby . He named him as sudalai madan because, he came to the world because of a lamp(sudar)and he was shapeless. The boy was blessed by everyone and he was brought up as their son.
Parvathi initially feeds the child on Amrita (the nectar of immortality), instead of on breast milk. So it is said that the child became immortal. However, the child also became desirous for solid food. He went to the cremation grounds ("sudalai") on Kailasa, and began to eat the bodies that were burning there. When he finished those, he began to eat everything around him, the other spirits, the animals, the trees, the ground itself etc. He feasted with a heavy appetite.
Because he ate so much, and since he had such a fondness for meat, it was decided that he ought not remain in Heaven. Siva instructed him to go to Earth, and to care for its people. Siva proclaimed that Mada Samy's protection and kindness would be re-paid with offerings of cooked food and drink, and thus he would always have a meal, as well as people who would pray to him. So Mada Samy came to earth, accompanied by a number of singers and dancers who were sent by Siva to see to his worship. Many of the Paraiyar and Kanniyar drummers who play during the rituals to Mada Samy claim descent from these divine musicians.
Madan is also popular amongst certain segments of the Tamil diaspora in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, Réunion and the French overseas territories in the Caribbean sea
==Temples==
Temples of Sudalai Madan include:
- Pozhikarai Village (popularly known as Pozhikarai Mayandi) on the banks of river Thamirabarani
- Sirumalanchi near Valliyor in Tirunelveli district
- Arulmigu Shri Sudalai Eswarar Thirukovil, Maramangalam,Thoothukudi.(மாரமங்கலம் அருள்மிகு ஸ்ரீ சுடலை ஈஸ்வரர் திருக்கோவில்)
- Arulmigu Shri. Vannara Sudalai Madaswamy, Surandai, Tenkasi district, Tamil Nadu
- Alamodu sudalai Temple, Thengamputhur, Tamil Nadu
- Arul mighu shree priya kovil sudalai Elamalkulam Sathankulam taluka Tuticorin district Tamil Nadu
- Sri Karayadi Sudalai Madaswamy, Pechiamman Temple, Sathankulam
- Kulasekara Arulmigu Sudalaimadaswamy Koil, Panchalingapuram, Mahadhanapuram, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu
- மயிலாடும்பாறை சுடலை ஆண்டவர் ஆலயம், முதலைக்குளம், திருநெல்வேலி
- Perungalatthur Sudalai Muthu Maadaswamy Temple, Perungalatthur, Chennai
- Sree Siva Sudalai Madan Swamy Temple, Sivasubramaniapuram, Radhapuram Taluk, Tirunelveli District
- Seevalaperi
- Otha Panai Sudalai Madan Swami Temple, Sirumalanchi
- High Court Maharaja Temple, Arumuga Mangalam, Thenkalam Puthur (Tirunelveli)
- Vijayanarayanapuram
- Oosikattu/Ooikattu Sudalai Madan Temple
- Sirumalanji
- Palavur, Arulmigu Sudalai Kovil
- Arulmigu Kurandikkaattu Sudalai Sri Ayyan Kovil, Valliyur, Tirunelveli.
- Arulmigu Sri Vattrakathan Sudalaimadan Kovil, (Achioor) Valliyoor
- Pudupatti, Arulmigu Sri Sekkadi Sudalaimadan Kovil (Tirunelveli District). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1aDO41FY1c
- Vannathankulam/ Thanumalayanputhoor Siva Sudalai, Mayana Kali Temple
- Vadalivilai Sudalai Madan Temple, Nagercoil
- Hindhu Nadar Samuthaya Vagai Sudalai Madan Temple, Pattahasaliyan villai, Nagercoil, KK District
- Ottha Panai Veera Sudalai Madan Swamy Temple, Perumal Nager, Pattahasaliyan Villai, Nagercoil, KK District.
- Ozhuginaseri Masana Sudalai Temple
- Maha SivaSudalai Temple, Colachel and the entire region of Tirunelveli, Tuticorin and Kanniyakumari district
- Vaigai Sri Sudalaimadasami Temple, Kilakkarai (Ramnanathapuram District)
- Arulmigu SUDALAI ESWARAR SWAMY (Maaramangalam, Thoothukudi District)
- PUDUPATI ARULMIGU PERIYA OORANI SUDALAI (Alangulam Tirunelveli District)
- Motta Kalunga Swamy Temple (Avudayanoor, Tirunelveli District)
- Sudalai Madan Temple in Gopalasumdram
- SullaKarai Sudalai Madaswamy Andipatti, Alangulam, Tirunelveli District
- Arulmigu Sri Sudalai Mada Swami Temple, Irulappapuram, Kanyakumari District
- Adukkupeeda Sudalai Madaswamy, Sinthamani, Tirunelveli District
- Adukkupeeda Sudalai Madaswamy, Tirunelveli Town, Tirunelveli District
- Siva Sudalai Mada Swamy Temple,
- Arulmigu Valli Vaikkal Sudali Madan Swamy Temple, Arumuganeri, Thoothukudi District
- Arulmigu Poonankundru Siva Sudalai Madaswamy kovil, Therkusalai, Agastheeswaram, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu.
- Arumuganeri Kidangankaraivilai, Kanniyakumari district,
- Sri Sudalai Madathabiran Swamy Temple, Navalady, Tirunelveli district.
- Arulmigu Sri sudalai eswarar temple, pallapalayam, udumalpet
- Arulmigu kalathu kovil Sudalai madan swamy kovil, Vellamadam,Kanyakumari.
- Arulmigu Athiadi Sudalaimadan kovil, athiputhur, Tirunelveli Dt.
- Sudalai Kovil, Palazvur, Tirunelveli
- Madan Kovil, Karamana, Trivandrum, Kerala
Legend
The tales of Sudalai Madan originate from folk tradition, rather than Hindu scriptures.
The goddess Parvati wishes to have a child; her husband Shiva suggests that she perform austerities to gain the same. Accordingly Parvati pleases Shiva by her penance in Ayiramkal Mandapam at Kailash, the celestial abode of Shiva. He plucks a lock of hair which started to burn as soon as he threw it. The fire spreads to her mundanai (a part of the saree). From the fire, Sudalai Madan is born.
Parvati initially feeds the child with amrita (the nectar of immortality), instead of breast milk - making him immortal. The child also wanted solid food. He went to the cremation grounds (sudalai) on Kailash and began to eat the burning corpses. Since he had such a fondness for meat, Shiva instructed him to go on Earth and protect humans. Offerings of cooked food and drink would be offered to him, seeking his favour.
Worship
Often Sudalai Madan statues are triangular pillar-like structures. Figured statues are stone carved. He is situated either in the open or under a simple roof. The devotees serve him non-vegetarian foods which is against Hindu tradition . Goats, chickens, and pigs are sacrificed and served to him. Fridays are prescribed for his worship. Special poojas are conducted the last Friday of Tamil months. Main festivals are conducted annually. These festivals are called "Kodai". Kodai is celebrated for one day to many days according to the devotees' need. Some famous temples celebrate it for 10 days.
On these occasions, the deities are decorated with flowers. Some people become possessed and devotees talk to God through them. God goes hunting in the cemetery through this spiritually possessed person. Thappattai beats, Kaniyan Koothu (Maguda Kacheri) and Villupattu are the main performances of Sudalai Maadan Kodai festival.
Outside India
Madan is popular amongst the Tamil diaspora in Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, Réunion and French overseas territories in the Caribbean sea.
References
- Sudalai Madan amongst Indian origin Tamils
- South Indian Deities And Their Relative Following in Tamil Nadu
- Secularism and Religious Violence in Contemporary India
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